Old Cameras, part 1!
I love antique cameras. A lot. And lucky for me, they're not particularly rare or expensive, no matter what some people on Etsy might want you to believe :) I have quite a few, all picked up from various garage sales and antique malls, so there will probably be multiple posts. I'm going to start with my Kodaks since that one post about Dracula started this.
The Boxes
At the end of the day, all you need to make a camera is to have something opaque and hollow that your film/light sensitive surface can fit into, and a hole to let light in. These cameras are exactly that, along with a lens to help focus the light for better image control (so called "pinhole" cameras don't even need that!).
In spite of appearances, these are not my oldest cameras.
The Kodak 2a (model C): manufactured between 1924 and 1936
Nothing up my sleeve!
Many early consumer cameras were designed to hold down low, around your stomach, and look down into to aim. You can see the viewfinder at the top left in the first picture here. It's made of cardboard for the most part.
Brownie Junior Six-20: manufactured between 1934 and 1942
I love the art deco design on the face plate a lot! It's now graduated to a metal body covered with leatherette material.
Brownie Target Six-16: manufactured between 1946 and 1951
Same concept, now with a fully metal body.
The three of them together:
Thanks to @doctorspiral for the nudge to show these around! The next post will feature my pop-out style Kodaks so stay tuned!
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Portraiture Through The Ages
In the 1940′s, camera technology wasn't as advanced as it is to this date, however within this time period, camera technology was considered the most advanced of its time period.
Beginning with the lowest of the low, we have the Kodak Brownie Flash Six-20...
The brownie box, being sold at $6.00 which was introduced in July 1946, is made from a metal box body, with a strange shape. It features an optical direct vision finder, a built-in closeup lens, and time exposure capability. It also accepts a cumbersome flashgun.
The Brownie Flash Six-20 camera was quite a popular camera in its time because of it's indestructibility, taking the place of the modern-day compact or cell phone camera in terms of market penetration.
This camera now sells for around $20-$30.
Up from this, we have the cheap folding cameras like the Agfa Isolette/Ansco Speedex.
There are two models of the Agfa Isolette, The early model, produced before and during WW2 and the later, produced after WW2. This camera, made by Agfa Kamerawerk AG, Munich, Germany, was named the ‘solders camera’ or ‘Soldatenkamera’. There were many different lens/shutter combinations to this camera, making it impressive in its time period.
The late model was made from 1946 till 1950 with the name writing as Jsolette or Isolette. The camera offered many different lens/shutter combinations, like f/4.5 Agnar, Apotar or Solinar lenses and Prontor, Prontor-S or Compur-Rapidshutters.
This camera costed around $15 back then, but are now sold for around $100-$500.
The Ansco Speedex camera was introduced in early 1940. The camera is labeled on the front as a Agfa B2 Speedex with a 85mm f/4.5 lens. It was actually made in Binghamton, NY when Ansco and Agfa merged. There are no interlock which prevents double exposures.
It is unknown its original price, but it is however sold for around $30-$70 modern day.
We next have the next technological progression, the high-end folding cameras. Equipped with the occasional rangefinder, these devices were even more expensive but were equipped with advanced lenses and shutters. The Kodak monitor 620, is a prime example of these types of cameras.
This camera was introduced between 1939 and 1948, originally sold for $48.50, now selling for around the same price. The camera has advanced features such as an automatic frame counter, double exposure prevention, an uncoupled depth of field scale, and dual viewfinders. This camera was extremely well produced and still is capable of capturing amazing images.
The Leica and their various camera models had produced photojournalism cameras for the international market since the early 1930′s and showed to be productive and effective on the market.
The Leicia IIIc was introduced 1940–1951. This was and still is a very valuable camera model, selling now for around $700-$1000, It was said to have took up 5% of the professional photography market.
Perhaps the most recognisable and famous most used camera of that time was the press cameras, the huge boxy cameras with the wireframe finders and flashbulbs.
These camera targeted 90% of the newspaper photography market 9 out of ten photographers who worked for news agencies chose Graflex models, one of the most popular brands of that time along side Busch (as shown in this image).
These were sold roughly for $3000 alongside with accessories and other gear. These cameras were the best of the best with the manufacturers pulling out all the stops to produce solid press cameras.
This is an iconic image taken on a Graflex by Joe Rosenthal.
Photographers in the 1940′s
Carl Mydans prepared himself from an early age for his lifelong involvement with journalism. Between 1940 and 1944, Mydans and his wife Shelley Mydans were in Asia, first covering Chungking in its stand against the Japanese bombings, then in Burma, Malaya and the Philippines. While in the Philippines they were both captured by the Japanese and imprisoned for 21 months. This, however, did not deter Mydans, as he went on to photograph many more wartime situations after his release. Mydans recorded photographic images of life and death throughout Europe and Asia during WW2 travelling over 45,000 miles.
General Douglas MacArthur Landing at Luzon, Philippines, 1945. ‘Blue Beach’, Dagupan, Island of Luzon, Lingayen Gulf, Philippines.
Casualties of a mass-panic during a Japanese air raid in Chongqing in 1941.
Joe Rosenthal spanned more than 50 years, he is best known for a single image: Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima.
The photograph of six men on a tiny island in the Pacific was immediately a symbol of victory and heroism, and became one of the most famous, most reproduced and even most controversial photographs of all time.
Flag Raising on Iwo Jima, 1945.
U.S. Marines of the 28th Regiment, fifth division, cheer and hold up their rifles after raising the American flag atop Mount Suribachi on Iwo Jima, a volcanic Japanese island, on Feb. 23, 1945 during WW2.
Toni Frissell trained as an actress and worked in advertising before devoting herself to photography.
Frissell had a major contribution to fashion photography in the 1940′s.
Woman wearing tennis outfit, seated on wall. Toni Frissell. 1947 Febuary.
Eleanor Roosevelt talking with woman machinist during her goodwill tour of Great Britain. Toni Frissell. 1942 November.
Henri Cartier-Bresson is a French photographer, a well-known figure in the history of photography during WW2. His work of spontaneous photographs helped establish photojournalism as an art form.
He was imprisoned by the Germans in 1940 during the Battle of France and spent 35 months subjected to forced labour in prisoner-of-war camps until, after several failed attempts, he escaped in 1943.
Germany, WW2, Henri Cartier-Bresson 1945.
Crowd waiting outside a bank to purchase gold during the last days of the Kuomintang, Shanghai, China, December 1948.
A fair amount of photographers during the 1940 period relied on documentary styled images, documenting the drastic happenings of that period of time, until In the period after WW2, as the United States entered a period of domestic peace and prosperity, many photographers there moved away from documentary style photography and focused instead mostly on the intrinsic qualities of photography.
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