#vocabulario
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Most Essential Vocabulary #1
I decided to compile a list of some of the most basic and essential vocab for Spanish since I couldn’t totally find a lot.
These are going to be the words that you’re going to be using and seeing the most for Spanish, so it will come across as very basic for some
I decided to do this in multiple parts because there are lots of topics - so if you have suggestions on certain topics, please let me know! There probably will be words repeated for different “categories”
Pronouns
yo = I
tú = you [informal]
usted = you [formal]
nosotros = we [m+m, m+f]
nosotras = we [f+f]
ustedes = you all [for Spain it’s formal, for Latin America it’s formal and informal]
vosotros = you all [m+m, m+f; informal, Spain]
vosotras = you all [f+f; informal, Spain]
él = he
ella = her
~
elle = they
[no specified gender; this is not considered “proper” Spanish, but it is used in many queer communities for someone non-binary; “proper” Spanish only really has “he” or “she” or refers to someone of unknown or unspecified gender in vague terms like alguien “someone” or una persona “a person” and conjugates them with 3rd person singular]
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Question Words
qué = what
que = that [connecting clauses]
lo que = what, “the thing that”, that which [a stand in for a noun]
por qué = why
el por qué = “the reason why”, “the motive”
porque = because [connecting clauses]
cuál, cuáles = which, which ones
dónde = where
donde = where [connecting clauses]
cuándo = when
cuando = when [connecting clauses]
cómo = how
como = as, like [connecting clauses]
cuánto/a = how much/many
cuanto = so much [or en cuanto “insomuch” or “as far as”]
~
cuánto/a is used with countable objects
For using “how + adj/adv” you have to use a separate expression; in more literary Spanish this is cuán which is not used very much now except in some lyrics and poetry. For everyday Spanish there’s a separate word/phrase:
qué tan = how + adj/adv [Latin America]
¿Qué tan rápido es? = How fast is it?
¿Qué tan larga es la historia? = How long is the story?
¿Qué tan profundo es el océano? = How deep is the ocean?
cómo de = how + adj/adv [Spain]
¿Cómo de grande es? = How big is it?
¿Cómo de alta es la montaña? = How high is the mountain?
¿Cómo de ancho es el río? = How wide is the river?
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Prepositions
Please be aware certain prepositions are used differently than others. The main ones to be very aware of are: a, de, en, por, para, and con
...By far, a is the most versatile and has the most uses, followed by de
Primarily this is just a list of things to know, but some of them require proper context to fully understand in my opinion
a = to
de = of / from
en = on / in
por = for / by, via
para = for / up to / in order to
con = with
sin = without
sobre = on, upon / about, pertaining to
acerca de = about, pertaining to
hacia = toward, towards
bajo = under
debajo (de) = under, underneath
encima (de) = on top of
desde = from, since
hasta = until, up to
según = according to
antes = before
después = after
tras = following, after
entre = between
enfrente (de) = in front of, facing
junto/a = together
junto a = next to, beside
al lado de = next to
durante = for (a period of time) / during
mientras = while
a través de = through
a lo largo de = throughout
alrededor de = around, surrounding
mediante = through, via, by means of
por medio de = through, via, by means of
vía = via
versus = versus [exactly like English... because it’s Latin; the pronunciation is different obviously]
contra = against, versus/vs / against, up against [e.g. contra la pared “(up) against the wall”]
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Standard Spanish 101 Vocab
algo = something
nada = nothing
la nada = nothingness
alguien = someone
nadie = no one
el hombre = man
el caballero = gentleman / man [lit. “knight” or “horseman”]
el señor = sir, gentleman / lord / Mr.
la mujer = woman [potentially “wife”]
la dama = lady / woman
la señora = lady / madame, Mrs.
la señorita = miss, (young/unmarried) lady
alto/a = tall, high
bajo/a = short, low
gordo/a = fat
flaco/a = skinny, thin
delgado/a = skinny, thin
grande = big
pequeño/a = small
inteligente = intelligent
(ser) listo/a = (to be) smart
(estar) listo/a = (to be) ready
rico/a = rich
pobre = poor
guapo/a = good-looking
lindo/a = cute, good-looking
bonito/a = cute, good-looking
feo/a = ugly
joven = young
viejo/a = old
menor = younger / minor
mayor = older, elder / major
justo/a = fair, just
injusto/a = unjust, unfair
fácil = easy
difícil = hard, difficult
apenas = hardly, barely
a duras penas = just barely
fuerte = strong
débil = weak
veloz = quick
rápido/a = fast [adj]
rápido = quickly, fast [adv]
lento/a = slow [adj]
lento / lentamente = slow, slowly [adv]
trabajador(a) = hard-working
perezoso/a = lazy
tonto/a = stupid, silly
ingenioso/a = ingenious, clever
bueno/a = good
bien = good, well [adv]
malo/a = bad
mal = badly, wrong [adv]
equivocado/a = wrong, incorrect
genial = wonderful, amazing
maravilloso/a = wonderful / wondrous, marvelous
pésimo/a = really bad, awful
alegre = happy
feliz = happy
triste = sad
enojado/a = angry
preocupado/a = worried
asustado/a = surprised / scared
enfermo/a = sick
mejor = better
el/la mejor = the best
peor = worse
el/la peor = the worst
largo/a = long
corto/a = short
vivo/a = alive, living
muerto/a = dead
presente = present, here
ausente = absent
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Time - Days
Note: All days of the week and all months are masculine
lunes = Monday
martes = Tuesday
miércoles = Wednesday
jueves = Thursday
viernes = Friday
sábado = Saturday
domingo = Sunday
la semana = week
el fin de semana = weekend
el finde = weekend [regional slang]
el calendario = calendar
el horario = schedule, timeframe
el día [m] = day
la fecha = date (calendar)
la cita = appointment / date (romantic)
hoy = today
ayer = yesterday
anteayer = the day before yesterday
esta noche = tonight
anoche = last night
mañana = tomorrow
pasado mañana = the day after tomorrow
la tarde = afternoon / evening
el atardecer = evening, dusk
la mañana = morning
el amanecer = morning, daybreak, sunrise
el mediodía = noon
la medianoche = midnight
la madrugada = the early morning, “wee hours of the morning” [when it’s morning but still dark]
el alba [f] = dawn
la salida del sol = daybreak, sunrise
la puesta del sol = sunset
ponerse el sol = for the sun to set
el crepúsculo = twilight / dusk
diario/a = daily [adj]
a diario = daily, happening every day [adv]
cotidiano/a = daily, everyday
temprano/a = early
temprano = soon [adv]
tarde = late [adj / adv]
próximo/a = next
siguiente = following
al día siguiente = the next day, the following day
anterior = previous
primer, primera / primero = first
segundo/a = second
la mitad = half [n]
medio/a = half [adj]
tercer, tercera / tercero = third
el/un tercio = a third / one-third, 1/3
cuarto/a = fourth
quinto/a = fifth
sexto/a = sixth
séptimo/a = seventh
octavo/a = eighth (or “octave”)
noveno/a = ninth
décimo/a = tenth
el décimo = decimal
último/a = last, latest
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Time - Months
enero = January
febrero = February
marzo = March
abril = April
mayo = May
junio = June
julio = July
agosto = August
septiembre = September
octubre = October
noviembre = November
diciembre = December
el mes = month
mensual = monthly
la quincena = fortnight, two weeks
nuevo/a = new
la luna nueva = new moon
lleno/a = full
la luna llena = full moon
la medialuna = half moon / crescent
creciente = growing
la luna creciente = crescent moon
la primavera = spring
el verano = summer
el otoño = autumn, fall
el invierno = winter
la estación = season
la fiesta = holiday [or “party”]
la Navidad = Christmas
la Nochebuena = Christmas Eve
el Año Nuevo = New Year’s
la Nochevieja = New Year’s Eve
la víspera = eve / evening [with holidays it’s used as “the day before”, or sometimes “vigil”; so la Nochevieja is also sometimes la víspera del Año Nuevo]
Día de los Reyes Magos = Three Kings Day / The Epiphany
San Valentín / el Día de San Valentín = Valentine’s Day
la Cuaresma = Lent
Miércoles de Ceniza = Ash Wednesday
el Carnaval = Carnival / Mardi Gras
la Semana Santa = Holy Week
la Pascua = Easter
el Día de (los) Muertos = Day of the Dead
(el) Halloween = Halloween
el Día de Acción de Gracias = Thanksgiving [North America; sometimes just called Thanksgiving or Sangiving]
el Día de Todos (los) Santos = All Saints Day
Día de (la) Independencia = Independence Day
Other countries have their own holidays like Día de la Constitución “Constitution Day” or Día de la Revolución “Revolution Day”, or something more regional like la Tomatina in Spain, or Día de los Santos Inocentes which is “the Day of Holy Innocents” but sometimes translated as “April Fool’s Day”
This is also not counting certain religious holidays or folk holidays, which can vary from country to country
~
For dates in Spanish, you typically use the number + the month: el diecisiete de marzo for example reads as “the 17th of March” or “March 17th”
The ONLY exception is the 1st of every month is el primero instead of saying el uno. As an example: el primero de enero is “January 1st” or “the 1st of January”; this is done because it would be awkward to say “the one of January”
For days of the week you will see something like Viernes 13 [trece] “Friday the 13th” or Martes 13 “Tuesday the 13th” (which is the day of bad luck in Spanish)
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Nature / The World
el sol = sun
la luna = moon
la estrella = star
el planeta [m] = planet
el mundo = world
el árbol = tree
la flor = flower
la hoja = leaf
la semilla = seed
el jardín = garden
el bosque = woods, forest
la selva = forest
el océano = ocean
el mar = ocean [sometimes feminine]
el río = river
el arroyo = stream
el lago = lake
el estanque = pond
la orrilla = shore
la isla = island
la ola = wave (water)
el volcán = volcano
la montaña = mountain
la sierra = mountain range [or “saw” in tools]
la piedra = stone
la roca = rock
el tiempo = time / weather [or “grammatical tense”]
la hora = hour
la lluvia = rain
la nieve = snow
el granizo = hail / hailstone
el hielo = ice
el viento = wind
la ventisca = blizzard
la tormenta = storm
la nube = cloud
la niebla = fog, mist
la neblina = mist, haze
el relámpago = lightning [commonly refers to “the flash of lightning” specifically]
el rayo = lightning, bolt (of lightning) [commonly “lightning” or “lightning strike”]
el trueno = thunder [refers to “the sound” specifically]
la arena = sand
el desierto = desert
el cañón = canyon
el risco = cliff
el monte = wilderness / mountain, mount
la hierba = grass / herb
las malas hierbas = weeds [lit. “bad grasses”]
alto/a = tall, high
la altura = height
profundo/a = deep
poco profundo/a = shallow
la profundidad = depth
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The Human Body - Basics
el cuerpo = body
el peso = weight
la altura = height
la estatura = height, stature
el hueso = bone
el órgano = organ
la sangre = blood
la vena = vein
el sudor = sweat
la cabeza = head
la cara = face
el cerebro = brain
el ojo = eye
la nariz = nose
la oreja = ear [outer]
el oído = ear [inner]
la ceja = eyebrow
la frente = forehead
el cuello = neck
la garganta = throat
la espalda = back
la columna (vertebral) = spine / spinal column
el espinazo = backbone, spine
el hombro = shoulder
el brazo = arm
la mano = hand
la muñeca = wrist
el dedo = finger
el pulgar = thumb
el índice = index finger, pointer finger
el dedo medio = middle finger
el dedo anular = ring finger
el meñique = pinky
el puño = fist
el nudillo = knuckle
el tronco = torso [or “trunk” for trees]
el pecho = chest
el seno = breast / bosom
[in everyday speech - and vulgar speech - this is la teta “boob” or “tit”]
el estómago = stomach
la barriga = belly / gut
la panza = belly
los intestinos = intestines, bowels
la tripa, las tripas = “stomach” / innards, entrails
las entrañas = innards, entrails, “one’s insides”
la cintura = waist
la cadera = hip
la pierna = leg
la rodilla = knee
el tobillo = ankle
el pie = foot
el dedo de pie = toe
el dedo gordo = big toe
el meñique (de pie) = pinky toe
[the other toes are known as el segundo dedo “second toe”, el tercer dedo “third toe”, and el cuarto dedo “fourth toe”]
el corazón = heart
el pulmón = lung
el hígado = liver
el músculo = muscle
el tejido = tissue (medical)
la uña = nail (finger/toe)
el pelo = hair (any kind)
el cabello = hair (specifically on the head)
los sentidos = the senses
la vista = eyesight, sight
el oído = hearing, sense of hearing
el olfato = smell, sense of smell
el gusto = taste, sense of taste
el tacto = touch, sense of touch
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Around the House
la casa = house
el hogar = home / hearth
el apartamento = apartment
el piso = floor
[el piso in Spain is typically “apartment”, most commonly translated as “flat” for British English]
el techo = ceiling / roof
el tejado = roof
la mesa = table
la silla = chair
el sillón = large chair / armchair
la cama = bed
la almohada = pillow
el sofá [m] = sofa, couch
los muebles = furniture [el mueble is one piece]
el espejo = mirror
el reloj = clock / watch, stopwatch
el estante, los estantes = shelf, shelves / shelving
el gabinete = cabinet
el refrigerador / la refrigeradora = refrigerator
la nevera = refrigerator
el congelador = freezer
la tarea = task, chore [commonly meaning “homework”]
los deberes = chores / duties
los quehaceres = chores
la puerta = door
la ventana = window
la sala = room
el salón = room / large room
el cuarto = room
la habitación = bedroom
el dormitorio = bedroom [lit. “dormitory” or “sleep-room”]
el cuarto = bedroom, personal room
la sala de estar = living room
el salón = living room [again, just “big room”]
la sala = living room [again, just “room” but it’s any kind of room you might invite someone into]
[some places have other words for it]
la cocina = kitchen [also “cuisine” or “cooking”]
el comedor = dining room [or “mess hall”; but any room for “eating”]
la lavandería = laundry room / laundromat
el vestíbulo = foyer, vestibule
la escalera = staircase / stairwell
las escaleras = steps, stairs
el baño = bathroom [lit. “bath”]
el cuarto de baño = bathroom
el inodoro = toilet bowl
[sometimes el váter]
el clóset / el armario = closet / armoire, wardrobe
el garaje = garage
el sótano = basement
el ático = attic
el desván = attic
el pasillo = hallway
el estudio = study
el gimnasio = gym
la biblioteca = library
la despensa = pantry / cupboard
el almacén = storeroom, storage closet
[you might see this as “warehouse” for buildings; it means a “storage area” literally]
la oficina = office
la lámpara = lamp
la luz = light
las luces = light
encender = to turn on (electronics) [otherwise it’s “to kindle” or “to set on fire”]
apagar = to turn off (electronics) [others it’s “to extinguish” or “snuff out (fire/candles)]
la televisión / la tele = television / TV
el teléfono = telephone, phone
el celular = cellphone [more Latin America]
el móvil = mobile, cellphone [more Spain]
el tenedor = fork
el cuchillo = knife
la cuchara = spoon
el plato = plate
el tazón = bowl
el bol = bowl
el cuenco = bowl
el horno = oven
la estufa = stove, stovetop
el vaso = glass [for water]
la taza = cup / mug [for tea/coffee]
la copa = glass [for wine]
la vela = candle
los trastes = “the dishes” [regional, I think]
la plancha = iron (for clothes) [lit. la plancha is a metal thing you use to “press” on either food or clothes; not to be confused with el hierro “iron” the metal in English]
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Basics of Clothing
la ropa = clothes, clothing
la prenda = garment, item of clothing
la ropa interior = underwear
el calzón / los calzoncillos = underwear
las bragas = panties, female underwear
el sostén, el sujetador = bra
los calcetines = socks
las medias = socks
[las medias can also mean “stockings” or “tights”]
la camisa = shirt
la camiseta = t-shirt
los pantalones = pants, trousers
los zapatos = shoes
los tacones = heels
las botas = boots
el vestido = dress
la blusa = blouse
la falda = skirt
la chaqueta = jacket
el abrigo = coat, overcoat [usually a “warm coat” or sometimes “winter coat”; a coat specifically to keep you warm outside]
el cinturón = belt
la bufanda = scarf
el guante, los guantes = glove, gloves
la cartera / el monedero = wallet
las gafas / los lentes = glasses
las gafas de sol = sunglasses
[the older word for “glasses” is los anteojos - it comes across like “spectacles” and shows up in some textbook, but las gafas is the most common one today]
el bolso = purse
[some people will use la bolsa - typically though, la bolsa is “bag” like a shopping bag or trash bag]
el bolsillo = pocket
el botón = button
el broche = clasp, fastener, button
la joyería = jewelry
el collar = necklace
el anillo = ring
el pendiente, los pendientes = earrings [regional]
el aro / el arete = earring [regional]
el brazalete = bracelet [often on the arm]
la pulsera = bracelet [often at the wrist where one’s “pulse” is]
el pijama / los pijamas = pajamas, PJs
el paraguas = umbrella
la sombrilla = umbrella [regional]
el impermeable = raincoat [regional]
la gorra = cap [small hat]
el sombrero = hat [with a wide brim, usually all the way around]
el suéter = sweater
la sudadera = sweatshirt
los jeans = jeans
los bluyines = jeans [lit. “blue jeans” but could be any color in Spanish]
los vaqueros = jeans [Spain; lit. “cowboy (pants)”]
[there are LOTS of regionalisms for jeans]
la seda = silk
la piel = leather / skin
el cuero = leather
el algodón = cotton
la lana = wool
el terciopelo = velvet
el encaje = lace
la tela = fabric
el mezclillo = denim
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Basics of Colors
Note: Some names of colors do not change for gender as they are derived from nouns - to distinguish them, I’m not including the definite articles to identify them as adjectives.
As an example, rosa “pink” comes from “rose”, so la camisa rosa “pink shirt” or el abrigo rosa “pink coat”
Note 2: When talking about colors as “the color” itself, it is always masculine; el rojo is “the color red”. This is important for distinguishing certain nouns - el naranja is “the color orange” vs. la naranja “orange (fruit)”, or el rosa “the color pink” vs. la rosa “rose (flower)”, or el turquesa “the color turquoise” vs. la turquesa “turquoise (gem)”
rojo/a = red
naranja = orange
anaranjado/a = orange, orangey
amarillo/a = yellow
verde = green
azul = blue
azul claro = light blue
azul celeste = light blue / sky blue
azul oscuro = dark blue
azul marino = navy blue
añil = indigo
turquesa = turquoise
lila = light purple / lilac, lavender (color)
morado/a = dark purple
púrpura = purple
rosa = pink
rosado/a = pink, rosy
marrón = brown
(color) café = brown
negro/a = black
blanco/a = white
gris = gray
oro = gold
dorado/a = gold, golden
plata = silver
plateado/a = silvery
bronce = bronze
bronceado/a = bronzed, tanned
arcoíris, arco iris = rainbow
oscuro/a = dark
claro/a = light (color)
castaño = brown (hair/eyes) [lit. “chestnut”]
caoba = mahogany, auburn (hair/eyes) [lit. “mahogany”]
#Spanish#language learning#spanish vocabulary#langblr#reference#language#languages#learning Spanish#refs#vocabulario
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Vocabulario de los postres 🍦
El pastel, la torta - cake
El bizcocho - spongecake
La torta, el pay - pie
La magdalena - cupcake
El flan - flan
La magdalena, el pastelito, el cupcake - cupcake
La esponjita, el bombón (mex.) - marshmallow
El helado - ice cream
La paleta de hielo - popsicle
El bastón de caramelo - candy cane
El chicle - gum
La galleta - cookie
El batido, La malteada (LatAm.), el licuado (LatAm.) - milkshake
La paleta (LatAm.), el piruela (Spain) - lollipop
La gominola - gummy candy
La rosquilla, el dónut, la dona (LatAm.) - donut
Sabores/tipos - flavors/types
de chocolate - chocolate
de pecana - pecan
de fresa - strawberry
de vainilla - vanilla
de limón - lemon
de queso - cheese
de manzana - apple
de calabaza - pumpkin
#langblr#language#learn languages#spanish#study#learn spanish#spanish langblr#spanish vocab#spanish vocabulary#language learning#spanish language#studying#foreign languages#languages#linguistics#vocabulario#idiomas
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Esta encuesta pretende recopilar los términos y/o frases más gustados por los lectores de ficción erótica. Quedando los resultados como un material de apoyo a los escritores novatos y no tanto, para cuando quiera trabajarse en una escena de este tipo.
Totalmente basado en el LewdsVocab por @kjscottwrites, porque también merecemos una versión en español.
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Stardew Valley Spanish Vocabulary
Farm - La granja
Spring - La primavera
Parsnip - La chirivía
Coffee bean - El grano de café
Summer - El verano
Melon - El melón
Blueberry - El arándano
Fall - Otoño
Pumpkin - La calabaza
Grape - La uva
Winter - El invierno
Holly - El acebo
Horse - El caballo
Chicken (Hen) - La gallina
Duck - El pato
Rabbit - El conejo
Cow - La vaca
Goat - La cabra
Sheep - La oveja
Pig - El cerdo
Honey - La miel
Wine - El vino
Cheese - El queso
Cloth - La tela
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el/la salariado/a O salariado - salaried employee/wage earner OR salaried/wage-earning
el/la aprendiz - apprentice/trainee/beginner
el/la suplente - substitute
gratificante - gratifying/rewarding
precario - precarious/poor (bad)/scarce
exhaustivo - exhaustive/thorough
ejercer - to practise/to exercise (e.g. power)
delegar - to delegate
desbordar - to overflow/exceed/to be brimming over with
ostentar - to show off/to hold (e.g. a title or position)
asumir - to assume (i.e. a role)/take over/come to terms with
vacante O la vacante - vacant OR vacancy
el subsidio - subsidy/benefit/allowance
el acoso - harrassment/bullying
la retribución - payment/salary/reward
la excedencia - leave of absence
eficiente - efficient
el/la emprendedor O emprendedor - entrepreneur OR entrepreneurial/enterprising
concurrido - crowded/busy
la grada - step/stair/row (of seats) (las gradas - flight of stairs)
el certamen - competition
el/la forofo - fan/enthusiast
el pabellón - pavilion/gazebo/section of a building/canopy/flag
empedernido - hardened/heavy (e.g. drinker)/compulsive/ confirmed (bachelor)/cruel
la derrota - defeat/course/path
desvelar - to keep awake/reveal
manipular - to manipulate/rig/handle/operate
el/la remitente O el remitente - sender OR return address
el timbre - (door)bell/timbre/stamp (fiscal, stampy duty, postage, general)
la tecla - key (musical/computer)/button
el/la usuario/a - user
la primicia - exclusive/scoop/first fruits (i.e. of a harvest)
la audiencia - audience/hearing/court
el hormigón - concrete
la hipoteca - mortgage
conceder - to grant/award/admit/concede
la chabola - shack (i.e. low quality housing)/cabin
la cabaña - cabin/shack (i.e. low quality housing)/livestock/cattle ranch
el/la huésped O el huésped - guest/lodger OR host (i.e. of a virus)
el/la inquilino/a - tenant/tenant farmer
Esta lista de vocabulario proviene del libro Nuevo DELE C1: Curso de preparación para el examen DELE, por Ramón Díez Galán. Las traducciones son mías.
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DICCIONARIOS DE CHINO ONLINE
En esta entrada quiero dejaros las tres páginas que más uso para buscar nuevas palabras chinas. He de aclarar antes que uno de ellos es chino-inglés, otro chino-español y el otro es completamente en chino.
Talking Chinese English Dictionary
Lo que me gusta de esta página es que es muy completa. Viene el orden de los trazos, frases de ejemplo y audio para escuchar la palabra y las frases.
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Cursed Feminine Words that Start with 'El'
el agua – water
el ancla – anchor
el alma – soul
el águila – eagle
el ascua – ember
el arma – weapon
el hambre – hunger; famine
el arpa – harp
el hampa – the underworld
el arca – ark
el asma – asthma
el ama de casa – housewife
Las Excepciones
la árabe – the Arab woman
La Haya – The Hague
la a – A (the letter)
la hache – H (the letter)
la haz – face; surface (uncommon to use)
#castellano#aprender castellano#vocabulario#los generos de sustantivos en español#el y la#feminine nouns spanish#langblr#spanish vocabulary#spanish#learning spanish#spanish language
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youtube
Vocabulario Halloween
Disfraz - Costume
Momia – Mummy
Vampiro - Vampire
Muerte - Death
Hoz - Sickle
Fantasma - Ghost
Frankestein - Frankestein
Esqueleto – Skeleton
Calavera - Skull
Bruja - Witch
Escoba - Broom
Caldero - Cauldron
Calabaza - Pumpkin
Caramelo - Candy
Murciélago - Bat
Búho - Owl
Araña - Spider
Telaraña - Spiderweb
Lápida - Tombstone
Ataúd - Coffin
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¿No tienes tiempo para leer o no quieres leer?
Muchas personas dicen que no tienen tiempo para leer, que están muy ocupadas con el trabajo, la familia, los estudios, las redes sociales o el ocio. Sin embargo, ¿sabías que con sólo 45 minutos de lectura al día puedes leer entre 2 y 3 libros al mes?
El promedio de lectura es de 250 palabras por minuto. Esto significa que en 45 minutos puedes leer unas 11.250 palabras, lo que equivale a unas 30 páginas de un libro estándar.
Si mantienes este hábito de lectura todos los días, al final del mes habrás leído unas 900 páginas, lo que supone entre 2 y 3 libros, dependiendo de su extensión. Al año, podrías leer entre 24 y 36 libros, lo que te permitiría ampliar tu cultura, tu vocabulario y tu visión del mundo.
Ahora bien, ¿cómo encontrar esos 45 minutos al día para leer? La respuesta es sencilla: distribuyéndolos a lo largo del día. Por ejemplo, puedes leer 15 minutos por la mañana, antes de empezar tu jornada; otros 15 minutos por la tarde, después de comer o en el transporte público; y otros 15 minutos por la noche, antes de dormir.
De esta forma, no sólo aprovecharás mejor tu tiempo libre, sino que también disfrutarás de los beneficios de la lectura para tu salud física y mental. Leer te ayuda a reducir el estrés, a mejorar la memoria, a estimular la creatividad y a dormir mejor.
Así que ya sabes, si quieres leer más, no te pongas excusas. Busca un libro que te guste, elige un momento del día y dedícale unos minutos a la lectura. Verás cómo se convierte en un placer y en una necesidad. Recuerda: no hay tiempo para leer, hay voluntad para leer.
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#45 minutos#habitos#Hábito; Libros; Promedio#lectura#Lectura Tiempo#leer#Libros#palabras#Lectura#Tiempo#Hábito#Promedio#Palabras por minuto#Páginas#Extensión#Cultura#Vocabulario#Visión del mundo#Distribución#Mañana#Tarde#Noche#Tiempo libre#Beneficios#Salud física#Salud mental#Reducción del estrés#Mejora de la memoria#Estimulación de la creatividad#Sueño
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Eu adoro maracujá ✨🤗 deliciosa fruta nativa da flora brasileira, conhecida por suas propriedades calmantes 🌷 #maracuja #fruta #brasil #vocabulario #portugues #français #english #vocabulary https://www.instagram.com/p/CnAxu4Zu3-R/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=
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Adjective Placement in Spanish Overview
With regards to adjective placement, I know I linked that bigger post I made about what the placement of adjectives generally mean but I'll give a very brief overview and if anyone has any specific questions please let me know.
IN GENERAL for like 70-ish percent of the time, adjectives go behind the noun in Spanish. These are your basic everyday adjectives that just describe nouns; el gato negro "the black cat", la mujer alta "the tall woman", los datos importantes "the important data", las tormentas peligrosas "the dangerous storms"
And again, IN GENERAL, if an adjective precedes the noun it is as if you bolded or italicized the adjective. It makes the adjective really stand out because of how out of the ordinary it is. It's very commonly used in poetry, writing, or for hyperbole:
La cruel realidad = The cruel reality
La fea verdad = The ugly truth
Mis sinceras disculpas = My sincere apologies
Mi más sentido pésame = My most heartfelt condolences/regrets
If you were looking at it more poetically you could think of "blue sky"... el cielo azul "the blue sky" is everyday Spanish, very typical. Saying el azul cielo "the blue sky" draws the eye to azul making it seem like "blue" is the most important or noteworthy thing about it
You typically see this kind of construction in everyday Spanish with expressions of gratitude, grief, horror, deep love, or any very strong emotions or when you're trying to make an impact
(More below)
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Note: This will impact certain aspects of grammar, such as the nouns that are actually feminine but take a general masculine article such as el agua, el arma, el hada, el hambre, el águila etc.
As an example:
El hada madrina = Fairy Godmother
La buena hada = The good fairy
To further explain this rule - el hada is written with a masculine article. This is because it has its vocal stress on the first syllable and begins with A- or HA- [where H is silent]; and treating it as feminine would cause the sounds to run together, so the el adds a kind of phonetic break to preserve the sound; but in plural it will be las hadas "fairies/fey"
A word like this would still retain its normal functions as a feminine word, thus el agua bendita "holy water", el águila calva "bald eagle", el ave rapaz "bird of prey", and then in this case el hada madrina "fairy godmother"
By adding a separate word in front, you interrupt that la + A/HA construction and create a hiatus in the sounds already... so you can then treat it like a normal feminine noun, la buena hada "the good fairy"
You might also see this with grande "big" and its other form gran "great/large", el águila grande "the big eagle" vs. la gran águila "the great eagle"
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Moving aside from the normal grammar, we now enter the exceptions. First - determiners.
There are a handful of adjectives that are known as determiners which come before the noun and they provide an important function in communicating things like number, possession, and location
The most common determiners include:
Definite articles [el, la, los, las]
Indefinite articles [un, una, unos, unas]
Possessives [mi, tu, su, nuestro/a, vuestro/a]
Demonstratives [este/esta, ese/esa/, aquel/aquella]
Interrogatives [qué, cuál/cuáles, cuánto/a]
(Also work as exclamatory determiners which just means ¡! instead of ¿?)
Cardinal numbers [uno, dos, tres, cuatro, cinco etc]
Ordinal numbers [primer/primera, segundo/a, tercer/tercera, cuarto/a, quinto/a, etc]
There are also a few determiners of quantity such as mucho/a "a lot/many/much", todo/a "all/every", cada "each", vario/a "various/many", poco/a "few/less", tal "such", tan "so much" / tanto/a "so many", algún/alguna and ningún/ninguna etc.
And it will generally apply to más and menos "more" and "less", and sometimes mejor/peor "better/worse"
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Note: With possessives is that there are two forms depending on adjective placement:
mi amigo/a = my friend
mis amigos / amigas = my friends
un amigo mío = a friend of mine
una amiga mía = a friend of mine [f]
unos amigos míos = a few friends of mine
unas amigas mías = a few friends [f] of mine
All the pronouns have their own version of this possessive pattern
mi(s) and mío/a, tu(s) and tuyo/a, su(s) and suyo/a, and then nuestro/a and vuestro/a are the same but the adjective placement is different
As an example - nuestro país "our country" vs. el país nuestro "the country of ours", or nuestros familiares "our family members" vs. unos familiares nuestros "some family members of ours"
A common religious example - Nuestra Señora "Our Lady" and then el padrenuestro "the Our Father prayer"
The possessives that come after the noun are usually translated as "of mine/yours/his/hers/ours" etc.
You can also see a few determiners/adjectives in different places in a phrase like - un viejo amigo mío "an old friend of mine" vs. mi viejo amigo "my old friend"
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As mentioned in the very beginning there are a handful of exceptions
Most notably:
viejo/a = old / elderly
antiguo/a = ancient, old / antique, old
mismo/a = same / self
gran = great, grand
grande = large
And includes propio/a "own / appropriate", as well as bueno/a "good" or malo/a "bad". I discussed a lot of these in more depth in the previous posts and in the one linked above
In many cases the exact meaning is different, even if it's slight - such as el hotel grande "the big hotel" vs. el Gran Hotel "the Grand Hotel"
bueno/a and malo/a are generally either "good" and "kind", or "bad" and "unkind", though the meanings can kind of blur together... as something like la buena hada "the good fairy" isn't so far off from el hada buena "the nice fairy"
When places before though bueno/a turns to buen + masculine, and malo/a turns to mal + masculine
As an example - un buen augurio "good omen", un mal presagio "a bad omen/portent"
.....but in feminine it looks like you'd expect: buena suerte "good luck" vs. mala suerte
Similarly, and one I didn't include the first time is cualquier/cualquiera
cualquier persona = any person
una persona cualquiera = an ordinary person
cualquier in front - regardless of gender - means "any", literally "whichever"
cualquiera in back comes out as "ordinary" or colloquially "any old" [such as un beso cualquiera "an ordinary kiss" / "any old kiss"], or in the case of people it could be like "a person of dubious/unknown background" sort of like "they could be anyone"...
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And then you run into what I would consider "collocations" which is another word for a set noun or expression
There are some words/expressions that have the adjective in a specific place and you can't really change it or it sounds weird, so you sort of have to learn them as specific units to remember:
las bellas artes = fine arts [lit. "beautiful arts"]
(de) mala muerte = "backwater", "poor / middle of nowhere", a place of ill repute or somewhere very remote or inconsequential [lit. "of a bad death"]
a corto plazo = short-term
a largo plazo = long-term
(en) alta mar = (on) the high seas
alta calidad = high quality
baja calidad = low quality
Blancanieves = Snow White (the character/fairlytale)
la mala hierba, las malas hierbas = weeds [lit. "bad grasses"; plants that grow without you wanting them to or that grow in bad places etc]
los bajos fondos = criminal underworld [lit. "the low depths"]
el más allá = "the great beyond", "the afterlife" [lit. "the more over there/beyond"]
buen/mal augurio = good/bad omen
buen/mal presagio = good/bad omen
buena/mala suerte = good/bad luck
...Also includes all the greetings like buen día / buenos días or buenas noches etc. they're all considered set phrases
There are also many collocations that use adjectives in their normal place that also can't be separated such as los frutos secos "nuts", or el vino tinto/banco "red/white wine" etc.
A collocation just means that they are treating multiple words as set phrases or a singular unit
And again, some history/geographical terms will have these as well:
la Gran Muralla China = Great Wall of China
la Primera Guerra Mundial = First World War
la Segunda Guerra Mundial = Second World War
el Sacro Imperio Romano = Holy Roman Empire
la Antigua Grecia = Ancient Greece
el Antiguo Egipto = Ancient Egypt
(el) Alto Egipto = Upper Egypt
(el) Bajo Egipto = Lower Egypt
Nueva York = New York
Nueva Zelanda = New Zealand
Nuevo México = New Mexico
Nueva Escocia = Nova Scotia [lit. "New Scotland"]
la Gran Manzana = the Big Apple [aka "New York"]
Buenos Aires
There are many such terms
#spanish#langblr#spanish language#learning spanish#spanish grammar#learn spanish#long post#spanish vocabulary#vocabulario
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Español dominicano 🇩🇴 | Dominican Spanish 🇩🇴
I'm studying Mexican Spanish but Dominican Spanish fascinates me so I'd thought I'd make this list :]
please feel free to send corrections if I got anything wrong
Allantoso/a - someone who talks a lot but does very little; all talk no action
Viejebo/a - older person that wants to dress and act young; "hip with the kids"
Palomo (lit. male pigeon) - guy who's a coward or shy when it comes to flirting
¿Qué lo que? - What's up? *can be abbreviated as klk in text
Tíguere - quick-witted guy, guy with street smarts
Pana - buddy, pal
Yala - okay, alright
En olla - to be broke
Chin - a little, a bit
Jevo/a - guy/girl, boyfriend/girlfriend
Colmado - grocery store, bodega
#langblr#language#learn languages#spanish#study#learning languages#spanish vocabulary#spanish language#spanish langblr#learn spanish#language learning#dominican republic#dominican#dominican spanish#vocab list#vocabulario#vocabulary#vocab#spanish vocab
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YOU CAN DOWNLOAD THIS SHEET IN PDF FORMAT HERE:
https://www.aprendeinglesenleganes.com/be-expressions.php
Unlock the Power of "Be" Expressions!
Ever wondered about the magic of "Be" expressions like "be able to," "be about to," and "be bound to"?
Curious to explore more? Check out the picture below to dive into the fascinating world of "Be" expressions and level up your language skills!
#b2 first#fce exam#fce#toelf#toeic#ielts#cambridge english#c2 proficiency#c1 advanced#cae exam#cpe exam#english vocabulary#vocabolario inglese#vocabulaire anglais#vocabulario inglés#vocabulario#english language#key word transformation#english learning#english tips
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Pripovetke
= cuentos
(palabras que encuentro por ahí)
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El viernes por la noche siempre pasaba en exactamente la misma manera. Había sido así desde su adolescencia - la única diferencia hoy en día era que ella no estaba una de la gente ebriaque, desmayada en la acera - era la persona que la ayudaba. Claro, eso no significaba para nada que no sufría el acoso de los borrachos. Solo llevando puesto su uniforme podía causar que se enfureciera algún hombre, pero no le importaba para nada. Hubo entrenado para esto, y ni un desconocido ni su inútil exnovio le iban a prevenir.
Raquel se dio pausa, y prendió un cigarrillo. Había ignorado el asesoramiento de Alicia otra vez, y otra vez o tenia que presentar una denuncia ante la policía - sus jefes - o permitir que el saliera impune. No era justo, pero la vida era así tampoco. Y, para ser completamente sincera, hubo permitido que le perdiera a ella misma en el torbellino de la relación, en las palabras tiernas, mientras la tormenta bramaba. Había sido por su culpa, todo. La próxima vez, pensaría en el consejo de Alicia detenidamente, como siempre hizo con la evidencia en el trabajo.
Se enfocó a si mismo en la calle, otra vez. Tener la ronda de noche no era su tarea favorita, pero eso no significaba que no hizo falta fomentar un atmosférico de concentración, de autoridad desenfada. Debería ser una figura de inquebrantable apoyo tanto como una abanderada de orden. Tanto como a ella le encantaban los casos complejos, el entrenamiento de negociación, sus viejos ejemplares de libros de detectives - bueno, que bochorno seria si no podía toparse con una noche de fiestas y ganar. Era el nexo del trabajo - al menos para una bisoña.
Entonces, aguantó. Cuando unos jóvenes empezaron a ponerse agitado justo afuera del bufete local, hizo que se movieran, con una orden contundente y, luego, una broma. Así pasó el tiempo.
La luna salio en el cielo, el sonido de gritos y risa resonó por las avenidas, y Raquel siguió caminando. Soñó con un estallido de crimen - a lo mejor un atraco grandísimo - y una situación en que los mejores inspectores no estuvieran disponibles por fechas topes urgentes.
Y, entonces, que? Una llamada, su propia respuesta susurrada (su aceptación, claro) con prisa, y una carpa llena de agentes bajo su propio mando. Ya escuchaba el atracador cogiendo el teléfono, y ya conocía sus propias palabras. Las llevaba haber ensayado toda la vida.
Vocabulario utilizado
salir impune - to go unpunished
presentar una denuncia ante la policía - to file a complaint with the police
fomentar - to foster
detenidamente - thoroughly/carefully
toparse con - to come up against
asesoramiento - advice/counselling
acoso - harrassment
enfurecerse - to get furious/fly into a rage
ebriaque - drunk
desmayar - to faint
ejemplares - copies (e.g. of books)
contundente - blunt/convincing
desenfadado - relaxed/uninhibited
la fecha tope - deadline
inquebrantable - unwavering
el nexo - nexus
tierno - tender
el torbellino - whirlwind
un estallido - explosion
el bufete - firm (law)
bochorno - embarrassment
#vocabulario#fanfic#raquel murillo#texto en español#feedback bienvenido#escribi esto para utilizar la lista de vocabulario#asi que ni es una obra maestra ni deberia ser
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