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asselinssatan · 18 hours
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💗 TEEN 🌟 GIRL 🌟 SQUAD 💗
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asselinssatan · 18 hours
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WEEZER’D!!!!
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Temple of Athena Polias
Priene, Ionia, Turkey
340 BCE
The Altar of Athena & The sanctuary’s Propylon
The Sanctuary of Athena Polias at Priene, located on the culminating point of the city, rose over a wide terrace of rocks and the defense walls and was the oldest, the most important, the largest and the most magnificent building in Priene. It was oriented on an east­west axis in conformity with the city plan and faced east.
  It is believed that the construction of the Temple was begun at the same time as the founding of Priene (4th century BCE). The architect of the building was Pythius, who also constructed the Mausoleum of Halicarnassus, counted as one of the seven wonders of the world. The Temple is accepted as being a classical example of the Anatolian­Ionian architectural style.
The Temple, constructed in the Ionic style, consists of a pronaos (an entrance-hall), a naos (the sacred chamber where the statue of the cult was kept) and an opisthodomos (a porch at the rear). The pronaos is larger than in earlier examples. There were no opisthodomos in previous Temples; it is first seen here. Pythius has taken this characteristic from the Doric style and applied it to his plan, and has thus set a model for later Temples. The building, a combination of the Ionic and Doric architectural styles, emerges as a different architectural example.
  The plan of the Temple is peripteral, with 6 columns on the short sides and 11 on the long ones. Together with the 2 columns each of the pronaos and the opisthodomos, the total number of columns adds up to 34.
  The building rests on a three­stepped platform (Crepis), 37.17 m. long and 19.53 m. wide. The lower diameters of the columns are one-tenth of their 10.10 m. height (a feature of the Ionic style). The columns of which the bases are built in the Ephesus type have 24 flutes in their shaft. The capitals’ height is 0.48 m.
  The Ionic foot (0.295 m.) is used as a unit of measurement throughout. The total column height and entablature height equal 50 feet, corresponding to half the length of the cella. The cella, of 100 feet, is thus a Hekatompedon and corresponds closely with the length of the cella of the Parthenon.
  The entablature resting on the capitals consists of the architrave, made up of three hands, and above it in rising order, a row of egg­and­dart molding, dentils. another row of egg­and­dart molding. the cornice, and on the top a cymatium decorated with plant motifs and lion-headed gargoyles. These parts were polychromed in bright colors, red and blue being the most used.
  The artist, desiring to bring to the attention only the architectural character of his work, has put in no other decorations. There are no sculptural examples except the cult statue. Only a woman’s head, revealed in the excavations, may have been one of the votive statues on display in the pronaos.
  When Alexander the Great came to the region, he made a donation in 334 BCE for the completion of the Temple. This is also proven by an inscription on a tablet belonging to the Temple, and now in the British Museum, which reads, “King Alexander has dedicated this Temple to Athena Polias”.
  However, the fact that architectural elements found on the west or rear side of the Temple carry characteristics peculiar to the 2nd century BCE shows that due to various but especially to economic reasons the building could not be completed up to that period. It is understood that the Temple was completed by the donation made in 158­157 BCE by Prince Orophernes mentioned in the history of the foundation of the city. That the Altar and the new cult statue were also erected ca. 158­156 BCE is proved by the silver coins found under the base of the statue.
The cult statue of Athena was a copy of the statue of Athena Parthenos made by the famous sculptor Phidias for the Parthenon. However, it is half the size. One sees the image of the statue on coins dating from the Roman period. The standing Athena, with a helmet on her head, is seen with goatskin, spear, and shield. In her right hand, she holds a Nike. Fragments of the gold­plated bronze wings of Nike, and fragments of the marble left foot and arm of the Goddess, indicate that the statue was 6.5 meters high.
  After 27 BCE, the Sanctuary was rededicated to Athena Polias and Augustus and continued as an important cult center throughout the Imperial period. On the architraves of the Temple and the Altar, inscriptions are indicating that the Temple was dedicated to Emperor Augustus as well as to Athena. The propylaeum, located to the east of the building, is believed to have been built during the reign of Augustus. This monumental gateway, of which the front stairs and part of the south wall are still standing, was connected to the street in front. A six stepped flight of stairs which could be ascended on all three sides led to a porch with four Ionic columns, and from there one could reach through a single door, a large space again with four columns. According to the elements found the building had a pediment and a roof.
More Priene buildings
Other temples of Athena
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asselinssatan · 6 days
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im a blorbo apologist but also they did every bad thing they did and i will get mad if u ignore that. complexities
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asselinssatan · 10 days
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ill block you. ill block your whole family. i’ll come to your house. steal your phone. block myself
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asselinssatan · 20 days
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Only the finest.
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asselinssatan · 1 month
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Windows 7
Windows 7 is the next release of Microsoft Windows, an operating system produced by Microsoft.
Windows 7 is intended to be an incremental upgrade with the goal of being fully compatible with existing device drivers, applications, and hardware
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asselinssatan · 1 month
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asselinssatan · 2 months
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My touys
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