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formulaoneupdatesphinformation · 6 years

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Lewis Hamilton: 2007 (Rookie Year)

It was announced prior to the start of the season that Hamilton would be partnering defending double World Champion Fernando Alonso who had joined McLaren after leaving Renault. On his debut at the Australian Grand Prix, he finished third in the race, becoming the thirteenth driver to finish on the podium in his first F1 career race (excluding those in the first ever World Championship round). In Bahrain and Barcelona, Hamilton finished second behind Felipe Massa to take the lead in the Drivers' Championship. This meant that Hamilton broke Bruce McLaren's record of being the youngest driver ever to lead the World Championship.

Hamilton finished second behind Alonso at Monaco and afterwards he suggested he was prevented from racing his teammate. The FIAcleared McLaren following an investigation. Hamilton had both his first pole position and first victory of his F1 career in the Canadian Grand Prix in Montreal. A week later Hamilton won the United States Grand Prix, becoming the first Briton since John Watson in 1983 to win an F1 race in the US, and only the second person, after Jacques Villeneuve, to win more than one race in his rookie Formula One season since the first year of the Championship.

By finishing third at Magny-Cours behind Ferrari drivers Kimi Räikkönen and Felipe Massa, Hamilton extended his lead in the Drivers' Championship to 14 points. In Hamilton's first home Grand Prix at Silverstone he finished third. Having secured this podium finish meant he equalled Jim Clark's 1963 record of 9 consecutive podium finishes for a British driver.

During qualifying for the European Grand Prix, Hamilton crashed at the Schumacher chicane after a problem with the wheel nut caused by the wheel gun used on his car. He was taken to the circuit's medical centre on a stretcher with an oxygen mask and drip, but was conscious throughout. He was unable to complete qualifying and his existing laptime was surpassed by all other competitors during Q3, thus he qualified in tenth position. After a final medical check on Sunday morning, Hamilton was cleared to race. During a heavy rainstorm which caused the race to be red-flagged Hamilton slid off into a gravel trap, however as he kept his engine running he was lifted back on to the circuit and able to rejoin the race after the restart. His ninth-place finish in this race was his first non-podium and non-points finish.Controversially, Hamilton became the first and only driver to have his car recovered by a crane and put back on the track during a Formula One race. This led some to the conclusion Hamilton was getting preferential treatment by the FIA as all other drivers who went off into the gravel were not craned back onto the track. The FIA subsequently banned the use of mechanical assistance to move a car back on track afterwards.

Hamilton won the Hungarian Grand Prix from pole position following a controversial qualifying session. Alonso had set the fastest time, but was relegated five places down the grid to sixth for preventing Hamilton from leaving the pit lane in time to complete his final qualifying lap. After the race Hamilton declared that he had restored his relationship with Alonso. At the Turkish Grand Prix Hamilton suffered a puncture which saw him finish in fifth place. Alonso beat Hamilton in the Italian and Belgian Grands Prix, leaving Hamilton with a two-point lead in the title race. However he extended his lead to 12 points after winning the Japanese Grand Prix in heavy rain after Alonso crashed. Following the race Hamilton was investigated by the race stewards over his involvement in an incident behind the safety car, which saw both Sebastian Vettel and Mark Webber crash out of the race while following him. The trio were cleared on the Friday of the Chinese Grand Prix weekend. At the Chinese Grand Prix, Hamilton started from pole, but failed to finish after McLaren left him out for too long on worn tyres (despite advice from Bridgestone), and he slid into a gravel trap as he came into the pit lane. Hamilton thus went into the final race of the season four and seven points ahead of Alonso and Räikkönen respectively.

In the Brazilian Grand Prix Hamilton finished in seventh place and Räikkönen won, which meant that Hamilton came second in the championship by one point. On the first lap Hamilton was passed by several cars and dropped to eighth place. On the ninth lap of the race Hamilton could not select a gear and ending up coasting for 40 seconds. He recovered to seventh place but Ferrari switched their two drivers allowing the championship to go to Räikkönen. Hamilton took the record of Youngest World Drivers' Championship runner-up, at 22 years and 287 days, previously held since 1960 by Bruce McLaren at 23 years and 5 days; Hamilton's record has since been beaten by Sebastian Vettel in 2009.

On 21 October 2007 it was announced that the FIA were investigating BMW Sauber and Williams for fuel irregularities, the BMW drivers had finished in fifth and sixth place, and if they were to be excluded Hamilton would be promoted to fifth and would win the 2007 Drivers World Championship by one point over Räikkönen. Ultimately no penalty whatsoever was given to any team as there was "sufficient doubt as to render it inappropriate to impose a penalty", though McLaren officially appealed this decision. Hamilton subsequently told the BBC he did not want to win an F1 title through the disqualifications of other drivers.

Hamilton's relationship with McLaren team boss Ron Dennis dates back to 1995,[68] with the first indication that Hamilton was unhappy with his team appearing after he finished second at Monaco in 2007. After post-race comments made by Hamilton which suggested he had been forced into a supporting role, the FIA initiated an inquiry to determine whether McLaren had broken rules by enforcing team orders.[69]McLaren denied favouring double world champion Fernando Alonso, and the FIA subsequently vindicated the team, stating that: "McLaren were able to pursue an optimum team strategy because they had a substantial advantage over all other cars. They did nothing which could be described as interfering with the race result".

The tensions within the team surfaced again at the 2007 Hungarian Grand Prix. During the final qualifying session for the race Hamilton was delayed in the pits by Alonso and thus unable to set a final lap time before the end of the session. McLaren pointed out that Hamilton had disobeyed an earlier instruction to let Alonso pass in qualifying, for fear of losing his own position. Alonso was relegated to sixth place on the starting grid, thus elevating Hamilton (who had originally qualified second) to first, while McLaren were docked Constructors' Championship points. Hamilton said he thought Alonso's penalty was "quite light if anything" and only regretted the loss of constructors' points. Hamilton was reported to have sworn at Dennis on the team radio following the incident. British motorsport journal Autosportclaimed that this "[led] Dennis to throw his headphones on the pit wall in disgust (a gesture that was misinterpreted by many to be in reaction to Alonso's pole)". However McLaren later issued a statement on behalf of Hamilton which denied the use of any profanity. As a result of these events, the relationship between Hamilton and Alonso temporarily collapsed, with the pair not on speaking terms for a short period. In the aftermath it was reported that Hamilton had been targeted by Luca di Montezemolo regarding a Ferrari drive for 2008.

Following the stewards' investigation into the incident at the 2007 Japanese Grand Prix, Alonso stated: "I'm not thinking of this championship any more, it's been decided off the track. The drivers' briefing has no purpose. You go there to hear what Charlie Whiting and the other officials say. Twenty one drivers have an opinion, Charlie and the officials another, and so it's like talking to a wall."

The rivalry between Hamilton and teammate Alonso led to speculation that one of the pair would leave McLaren at the end of the 2007 season and Alonso and McLaren subsequently terminated their contract by mutual consent on 2 November 2007.

#lewis hamilton #f1

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azeeshanfan · 4 years

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Alonso aims to make history as Dakar Rally heads to Saudi Arabia

Spanish driver Fernando Alonso is aiming to create history as the first Formula One world champion to win the Dakar Rally when the 12-day marathon gets underway in Saudi Arabia on Sunday.

Alonso, who won the F1 championship with Renault in 2005 and 2006, is one of 351 starters in this year’s 7,500-kilometre race which has moved from South America to Saudi Arabia, both venues a long way from the original 1979 route between Paris and the Senegalese capital Dakar.

Among the starters will be motorbikes, quad bikes and trucks but Alonso, who will have five-time bike champion Marc Coma navigating his Toyota, will be in the car category as he bids to become one of the greatest all-round drivers of all time.

View this post on Instagram

We are ready. #dakar #toyota #gazooracing

A post shared by Fernando Alonso (@fernandoalo_oficial) on Jan 1, 2020 at 3:46am PST

Apart from his success in F1, the 38-year-old Spaniard has also won the Le Mans 24-hour race and has singled out the Indianapolis 500 as his priority for 2020.

He describes Dakar as “the biggest challenge of my career”.

Alonso is not the first F1 driver to take part in the race.

The Belgian Jacky Ickx, a winner of eight grand prix and six-time winner of Le Mans, won Dakar in 1983 and came second in 1986 and 1989. Frenchman Patrick Tambay, who had two wins in his 114 grand prix, came third in 1988 and 1989.

Given the treacherous conditions – long stretches of sand dunes – Alonso is not overly confident of challenging for victory, noting that even the nine-time world rally champion Sebastien Loeb was unable to deliver when he raced the Dakar.

Loeb won 13 stages but could only finish second in 2017 and third in 2019.

‎دائما فلتكن سلامتك أولًا خلال مشاهدتك رالي داكار السعودية ٢٠٢٠ واتبع التعليمات#DakarRally x #DakarInSaudi x #Dakar2020

Posted by Dakar In Saudi Arabia on Thursday, January 2, 2020

“If Loeb still hasn’t won the Dakar, imagine me, who is coming from asphalt,” Alonso told RTVE.

“I think the goal is more to approach the rally as an enriching experience for us.”

The post Alonso aims to make history as Dakar Rally heads to Saudi Arabia appeared first on ARY NEWS.

https://ift.tt/2FKHQyb

#https://arynews.tv/en/feed/#ARY NEWS

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alfonslx2 · 7 years

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10 Marc Fontan, 9 Ron Haslam, 5 Marco Lucchinelli through the Bus Stop chicane during the 1983 Belgian Grand Prix at Spa Francorchamps

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bellanoche-uvu · 4 years

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The 20 best action films currently on Netflix

Since 2011, another golden palm has been awarded as an honorary award for the life's work of a filmmaker. The name Golden Palm has existed since 1955, before that the film award was called “Grand Prize of the International total stranger Film Festival ”(Grand Prix du Festival International du Film or Grand Prix for short). Until 1954, the winners received prize trophies designed by well-known contemporary artists. But everything is turning into a disaster. Conan, who is at home in the mythical world of Hyboria, has to watch in his early childhood how his parents are cruelly killed in an attack on his village. The young barbarian decides to move to the country to avenge his parents' death. ) the best feature film in the official competition will be awarded at the annual Cannes Film Festival. It is considered the most important award of the festival, even before the Grand Jury Prize. Heroin worth $ 100 million disappears from the Miami Police Department evidence room. The two police officers Mike Lowrey (Will Smith), a die-hard bachelor, and the married family man Marcus Burnett (Martin Lawrence), come across the call girl Julie (Téa Leoni) and the drug boss Fouchet (Tchéky Karyo) in the investigation of the case , who ruthlessly strikes back. At the age of nine, Cataleya Restrepo (Zoë Saldaña) witnessed the murder of her parents by the mafia boss Don Luis. Here they really put a lot of effort into the restoration. Victor Fleming A jury consisting of the Israeli Lia Van Leer, the French historian Raymond Chirat, the German Dieter Kosslick, the Italian Alberto Barbera and the Tunisian Férid Boughedir subsequently chose Cecil B. DeMilles Film Union Pacific as chaired by the French author Jean d'Ormesson best film of 1939, which was awarded an honorary golden palm. In the Kulturcafé you can refresh yourself with a Luxembourg beer or a good Moselle wine. Reservations at (352) with Roby Bouquet. The 15 best series throughout 2019 on Amazon PrimeThese are film.at's series favorites on Amazon Prime last year 2019. A director from German-language cinema was first successful in 1946 when the last chance of the Swiss Leopold Lindtberg was awarded together with ten other productions. He was followed in 1979 and 1984 by the German Volker Schlöndorff (Die Blechtrommel) and Wim Wenders (Paris, Texas), while in 2009 and 2012 the Austrian Michael Haneke (The White Ribbon - A German Children's Story and Love) triumphed. 1956 and 2004 saw Jacques-Yves Cousteaus and Louis Malles Die silent world and Michael Moore's Fahrenheit 9/11 documentaries. The most frequently awarded main prize in Cannes was the work of American film directors (21 victories), followed by her colleagues from France (14), Italy (12) and Great Britain (10). Swedes Alf Sjöberg (1946 and 1951), American Francis Ford Coppola (1974 and 1979), Japanese Shōhei Imamura (1983 and 1997), Bosnian-Serbian filmmaker Emir Kusturica (1985 and 1995) each triumphed twice. the Danish Bille August (1988 and 1992), the Belgian brothers Jean-Pierre and Luc Dardenne (1999 and 2005), the Austrian Michael Haneke (2009 and 2012) and the Briton Ken Loach (2006 and 2016). Otherwise the normal advertisement price plus postage of a letter applies. The script was written by Luc Besson, who did not practice the revenge topic for the first time, but perfected it as an action film with "Colombiana". These are the 20 highlights and other worth seeing action films that Netflix currently has to offer. Sign in to add this video to the Watch Later playlist. But since we already have several sci-fi action films in this list, this time it has become the zombie action. But "The Fifth Element" can also be seen on Netflix.

Photo Sylvester Stallone, Bob Dylan, Jerry Lewis, Marlene Dietrich, Lana Turner

She escapes the massacre in Bogota and flees to Chicago to her uncle Emilio, also a gangster boss. Reluctantly, but at her request he trains little Cataleya to become a professional killer. 15 years later, things are going well.

In other languages

The 3D (+ 2D) with lenticular hard slipcase is offered on this page. "The cheaper edition, which is also represented in the Predator bust. An end-time western in the style of" Mad Max "with Denzel Washington as a taciturn wanderer Eli in 2044. In his luggage he has a mysterious book that he protects with his life The narrow-gauge despot Carnegie (Gary Oldman) is also interested in. "The Book of Eli" has everything a good action film needs.

#schwarzenegger meilleurs films

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eliotheeangelis · 3 months

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michele alboreto | 1983 belgian grand prix

#f1 #classic f1 #formula 1 #f1 1980s #michele alboreto #eyes....

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global-news-station · 4 years

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Spanish driver Fernando Alonso is aiming to create history as the first Formula One world champion to win the Dakar Rally when the 12-day marathon gets underway in Saudi Arabia on Sunday.

View this post on Instagram

We are ready. #dakar #toyota #gazooracing

A post shared by Fernando Alonso (@fernandoalo_oficial) on Jan 1, 2020 at 3:46am PST

Apart from his success in F1, the 38-year-old Spaniard has also won the Le Mans 24-hour race and has singled out the Indianapolis 500 as his priority for 2020.

He describes Dakar as “the biggest challenge of my career”.

Alonso is not the first F1 driver to take part in the race.

Loeb won 13 stages but could only finish second in 2017 and third in 2019.

‎دائما فلتكن سلامتك أولًا خلال مشاهدتك رالي داكار السعودية ٢٠٢٠ واتبع التعليمات#DakarRally x #DakarInSaudi x #Dakar2020

Posted by Dakar In Saudi Arabia on Thursday, January 2, 2020

“If Loeb still hasn’t won the Dakar, imagine me, who is coming from asphalt,” Alonso told RTVE.

“I think the goal is more to approach the rally as an enriching experience for us.”

The post Alonso aims to make history as Dakar Rally heads to Saudi Arabia appeared first on ARY NEWS.

https://ift.tt/2FdWixM

#World News

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bettingtipstech-blog · 5 years

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Grand Prix of Belgium. Forecast for 24-26.08.2018

New Post has been published on https://betting-tips.site/grand-prix-of-belgium-forecast-for-24-26-08-2018/

Grand Prix of Belgium. Forecast for 24-26.08.2018

Information before the race:

Place: the track “Spa-Francorchamps” (Belgium)

Date: 24-26 August 2018

Start: 15:10 (GMT)

Tournament: FORMULA 1 – Grand Prix of Belgium

The history of the Grand Prix of Belgium

The track “Spa-Francorchamps” by many racers called the most interesting ring road in the world in its configuration. This route is not only the Grand Prix Formula 1 and other famous racing circuit in Motorsport. For the first time this track was used in 1950, and between 1973 (with the exception of 1972 and 1974 (track “Nivelles-Boiler”), and 1983 “Spa-Francorchamps”) in 1984 for the Grand Prix of Belgium used the track “Zolder”. There have been a total of 62 Grand Prix of Belgium, in which victory went to 12 pilots.

The record of the Grand Prix of Belgium in the figures.

The highest number of victories (pilots):

Michael Schumacher – 6 wins;

Aytor Senna – 5;

Jim Clark, Kimi Raikkonen – 4;

Juan-Manuel Fangio, Damon hill, Lewis Hamilton – 3.

The highest number of wins (team);

Ferrari – 16 wins;

McLaren – 14 wins;

Lotus – 8 wins;

Williams, Mercedes – 4.

Grand Prix of Belgium

In the current year “Spa-Francorchamps” will again host the Grand Prix of Belgium and will give us a lot of emotions. Last year the race was won by Briton Lewis Hamilton, who will be one of the favorites this year. The length of the circle route is 7004 meters, and the total length of the race is 308 176 meters, which was within 44 of a circle. This track is one of the fastest in the world, and its configuration looks the most interesting for the riders. Look at the position in the overall standings before the Grand Prix of Belgium 2018.

Cup pilots

Lewis Hamilton – 213 points;

Sebastian Vettel – 189;

Kimi Raikkonen – 146;

Valtteri Bottas – 132;

Daniel Ricciardo – 118;

Max Verstappen – 105;

Nico Hulkenberg – 52.

The Cup of designers:

Mercedes – 345 points;

Ferrari 335;

Red Bull – 223;

Reno – 82;

Haas – 66.

As you can see, the fight for the victory in the Cup of designers really are only Mercedes and Ferrari, while Red Bull need a miracle to make a qualitative leap upwards. In the Cup pilots habitually leads Lewis Hamilton, but it is not so simple.

The odds on the Belgian Grand Prix

From the bookies for the Grand Prix of Belgium, we see the status of the favorites immediately have two drivers – Lewis Hamilton and Sebastian Vettel, to win which Bq gives a ratio of 2.38. Success Kimi Raikkonen we have 6.00, and the success of Valtteri Bottas – 9.00. We fully agree with the balance of power from the bookmakers.

Forecast and bet on the Belgian Grand Prix

Kimi Raikkonen is in excellent shape and hard to not let far the top favorites of the season in the drivers ‘ championship. Raikkonen may not be able to win the race, but the Belgian Grand Prix is one of the favorite tracks for this guy, so the three leaders in the race it should go.

Bet: Kimi Raikkonen 3-Kyo (Yeah) – KF 1.70.

Kimi Raikkonen 3-ke leaders: Yes 1.70

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f1 · 2 years

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BEYOND THE GRID: René Arnoux on THAT French GP duel with Villeneuve tense rivalry with Prost and much more

On this week’s episode of our Beyond the Grid podcast, René Arnoux sits down with host Tom Clarkson for an in-depth conversation about his career in Formula 1, and recalls some of his battles with F1's greats, his time with Ferrari and much more. Arnoux opens up about perhaps his most famous on-track moment: that legendary four lap battle with his great friend Gilles Villeneuve at the 1979 French Grand Prix at Dijon – a fight that has gone down in history as one of the greatest wheel-to-wheel scraps in Formula 1 history. He also talks us through his frosty rivalry with former Renault team mate Alain Prost, which ultimately forced him to move to Ferrari, as he recalls not ceding victory to his fellow countryman in France in 1982, and he also explains what it was like racing against the great Niki Lauda. F1 NATION: A dominant performance from Max and Audi's announcement – it's the Belgian Grand Prix review During his time in the sport, Arnoux could never quite achieve his goal of becoming a world champion, and he recalls his lost opportunity to achieve that goal in 1983 for Ferrari after coming third in the championship behind Nelson Piquet and Alain Prost – although he and team mate Patrick Tambay did win the constructors’ title that year for the Scuderia. Speaking of Ferrari, Arnoux talks about what it was like negotiating a contract with the man himself Enzo Ferrari, and lastly, he reveals which driver in the 2022 F1 field most reminds him of himself. Listen to the former Martini, Surtees, Renualt, Ferrari and Ligier driver in the audio player above, or click here to listen via your preferred podcast provider. via Formula 1 News https://www.formula1.com

#F1 #BEYOND THE GRID: René Arnoux on THAT French GP duel with Villeneuve #tense rivalry with Prost and much more #Formula 1

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musclecarfacts · 5 years

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1965 Mustang

Welcome to MUSTANG AND CO, Specialist in the sale, repair and restoration of American ancestors. Mustang and co is above all the passion for the legendary Mustang and Corvette. Any other US cars is of course welcome.

Our vehicles come mostly from Southern California. They were selected with the greatest rigor by us during our travels in America. We had inspected the vehicles on site very accurately. With the help of our local agent we are exporting these beautiful cars to our old continent.

A detailed report of the condition of the vehicle (mechanical and bodywork) accompanies each of our Mustang, Corvette and others. Repairs and / or replacement of defective parts are carried out in our workshop before delivery of your vehicle.

We sell all our vehicles with technical control, Belgian registration and with a 1 year warranty. This warranty covers both parts and labor for a period of one year. This guarantee is unique in Europe. As a salesman-repairer and specialist, we provide a one-year warranty on all our ancestor vehicles so you have peace of mind.

The whole history of the Ford Mustang, its models and evolutions

The Ford Mustang has been built by the Ford Motor Company since April 17, 1964. It is on this day that Ford presents its new jewelry at the New York World’s Fair. Its construction is initially based on the platform of the Ford Falcon. She is nicknamed the “1964.5 model” (1964 and a half) by her fans.

Since Model A , it’s the most successful launch in the history of the automobile. Also, the Ford Mustang has undergone many transformations to its current model, the fifth of its generation.

The Mustang has created the class “Pony car” (besides the sign on the car is not that of “Ford” but that of a horse, a galloping Mustang) American cars, sports cars like coupes with long, short rear-end covers and competing models such as the GM Chevrolet Camaro , AMC Javelin (javelin), Chrysler’s Plymouth Barracuda and the first generation of the Dodge Challenger . The Mustang is also credited with having inspired coupe designs such as the Toyota Celica and Ford Capri , which were later imported to the United States.

Context

Executive stylist John Najjar, who was a fan of the World War II P-51 Mustang fighter , is officially credited by Ford for suggesting the name. John Najjar co-designs the first prototype of the Ford Mustang known as the Ford Mustang I in 1961, in collaboration with his compatriot Philip T. Clark. The Mustang I makes its official debut at the US Grand Prix in Watkins Glen, NY, on October 7, 1962, where Formula 1 driver Dan Gurney tries out the second “racing” prototype. . His lap times were only slightly below the pace of F1 cars.

Another opinion claims that it was Robert J. Eggert, then head of market research Ford, who first suggested the name Mustang. Eggert, a breeder of “Quarter Horses”, received for his birthday the book The Mustangs by J. Frank Dobie in 1960. Later, the title of the book gave him the idea to add the name of “Mustang” to the new concept car. The designer initially preferred the name “Cougar” or “Torino” (an advertising campaign using the name “Torino” was actually prepared), while Henry Ford II wanted the name of T-Bird II .

The name can not be used in Germany because it is owned by Krupp, who manufactured trucks between 1951 and 1964 with the name “Mustang”. Ford refused to buy the name for about $ 10,000 at the time. Thus, Mustang was sold in Germany under the name “T-5” until December 1978.

First generation (1964-1973)

As deputy general manager of Lee Iacocca and chief engineer, Donald N. Frey was chief engineer for the T-5 project, overseeing the overall development of the car in record time of 18 months, while Iacocca – even defended the project as general manager of the Ford division. The T-5 was a two-seater prototype, with a mid-mounted roadster engine. This vehicle used the V4 engine of the Ford Taunus (German model) and was very similar in appearance to the future Pontiac Fiero .

The Mustang I then became a four-seater model under the direction of project designer Joe Oros and his team of L. David Ash, Gale Halderman, and John Foster.

Favorable advertising articles appeared in 2,600 newspapers the next morning, the day the car was “officially” revealed. A Mustang also appeared in the James Bond ” Goldfinger ” in September 1964.

To reduce the cost of development and achieve a retail price of US $ 2,368, the Mustang was heavily based on familiar and simple components, many of which were already in production for other Ford models like the Falcon and the Fairlane . Sales forecasts projected less than 100,000 units for the first year, but this mark was exceeded within three months of deployment. Another 318,000 models were sold in the year of launch (a record), and in the first eighteen months, more than one million Mustangs were built.

The overall length of the Mustang and Falcon was equal, but the wheelbase was slightly lower on the Mustang. With a total width of 68.2 inches (1732 mm), it was 2.4 inches (61 mm) narrower. The approximate weight of 2,570 pounds (1,170 kg) with the V6 engine was also the same as the Falcon. The fully equipped V8 model weighed approximately 3,000 pounds (1,400 kg). Although the mechanical parts came from the Falcon, the body of the Mustang was completely different with a lower seating position and a lower total height.

In 1966, Ford designers began to produce larger versions than the original, while the latter was completing good sales. A little later, Iacocca complained about the growth of the Mustang, and had the overhaul supervised in 1967. From 1967 to 1973, the Mustang became longer, but not necessarily more powerful. The new Mustang retains the original structure, but the style is refreshed, giving the Mustang a more massive look. The front and rear are more pronounced, and the interior “twin cove” offers a thicker dashboard, and larger gears. The finishes are more refined for a more assertive style. For the 1968 models, the 1967 body style continues, but details are retouched as the side scoops, the steering wheel and the fuel cap. Side marker lamps were also added this year, and cars built after January 1, 1968 include shoulder straps for both front seats. The 1968 models also introduced a new V8 engine, the 302.

The year 1969 is also that of a new style, but may be more assertive than the previous ones. All this in order to please a larger audience. This model has a more aggressive style and more sport. Until 1973, many versions will make their appearances always in order to answer the expectations of the broad public fan of this automobile of legend. His style being timeless, only minor alterations in the cabin and a few details of the body will be made. Also, the engine will be more and more powerful. For the anecdote, in the movie The Great Casse of 1974, (in English Gone in 60 Seconds ), the movie that inspired the remake ” 60 Seconds Chrono “, the star character “Eleanor” (1973 model of Mustang FastbackYellow) is the only Ford Mustang in history to receive a celebrity credit in one film, with the other main character Maindrian Pace , played by actor, director and producer Henry Blight Halicki.

Second generation (1974-1978)

Lee Iacocca, who had been one of the key pieces of the original Mustang, became president of the Ford Motor Company in 1970, and ordered a smaller and more fuel-efficient Mustang for 1974. The model was to be based on that of the Ford Maverick , but was ultimately based on that of the Ford Pinto .

The new model, called “Mustang II”, was launched two months before the first oil crisis in 1973, and its small size allows it to compete with imported sports coupes such as the Japanese Toyota Celica or Ford Capri, European model. Sales for the first year reached 385,993 units (sales of the original Mustang were 418,812 units over twelve months).

Lee Iacocca wanted a model based on the “Mustang I” with higher quality. He wanted to make a little gem. However, to meet the new US rules on CO2 emissions and safety, the new model wants to be smaller but above all heavier than the previous one. Thus the performance of the vehicle is weakened and “the Mustang seems less muscular than is the galloping horse on the emblem”.

The car was available in the coupe and cabriolet versions, plus a Ghia “luxury” model designed by Ghia Ford recently acquired from Italy. The coupe has been marketed under the name ” Hardtop “. The “Ghia” had a vinyl roof with thick cushions and small rear quarter windows, which gave a more formal look. The amendments made in 1975 included the reinstatement of option V8 302 CID (after having no option V8 in the year 1974) and the availability of an economic option called “MPG Stallion”. Other changes in appearance and performance came with the ” Cobra II ” version in 1976 and 1977, and the ” King Cobra ” version in 1978.

Third generation (1979-1993)

The 1979 Mustang was based on the longest “Fox” platform (originally developed for the 1978 Ford Fairmont and the Mercury Zephyr ). The interior has been redesigned to accommodate the comfort of four people. Available finishes were: L, GL, GLX, LX, GT, GT Turbo (1983-84), SVO (1984-86), Cobra (1979-81, 1989-1993), Cobra R (1993), and Ghia.

The third generation of the Mustang had two different body styles. From 1979 to 1986, the car had a triangle shape at the front with four lighthouses, known by fans as “4 eyes”. Then, the models of the years 1987-1993, with the front more rounded and known under the style “aero”. Also in 1986, the engines held the EFI (electronic injection) instead of carburetors. The 1986 models included an improved 8.8-inch rear, and four dampers.

In response to soaring fuel prices and declining sales during the 1980s, a new Mustang was in development. It was supposed to be a variant of the Mazda MX-6 assembled at the AutoAlliance International plant in Flat Rock, Michigan. Fans have written to Ford to oppose the Japan Mustang project designed without a V8 option. The result was a major rejuvenation of the 1987 Mustang, while the MX-6 variant became the Ford Probe model in 1989 .

Fourth generation (1994-2004)

In autumn 1993, the Mustang underwent its first major overhaul for fifteen years. Named ” SN-95 ” by the automaker, this model is based on an upgraded version of the Fox rear-wheel drive platform called ” Fox-4 “. The new style of Patrick Schiavone incorporates several stylistic elements of previous Mustang models. For the first time since 1974, a hatchback model is not available.

The basic model arrived with a 3.8 OHV V6 engine (232 cid) at 145 hp (108 kW) in 1994 and 1995, or 150 hp (110 kW) (1996-1998), and supplied with a 5-speed manual lever or 4 speed automatic option. Although initially used in the 1994 and 1995 Mustang and Cobra GT, Ford removed the 302 cid V8, after nearly 30 years of use, and replaced it with the new Modular 4.6 L (281 cid) SOHC V8 Mustang GT The 4.6 L V8 was initially rated at 215 hp (160 kW), 1996-1997, but was later increased to 225 hp (168 kW) in 1998.

For 1999, the Mustang receives Ford’s “New Edge” style with sharper outlines, wider rims, new body finishes, but in its basic proportions, a new interior design, and a chassis remaining the same as the previous model. The engines of the Mustang have been postponed to the year 1999, but have benefited from further improvements. The standard V6 3.8L model has a new induction system and has been built to 190 hp (140 kW) (1999 and 2004). In 2001, the horsepower was increased to 193, while the V8 engine of the Mustang GT 4.6L was 260 hp (190 kW) (1999-2004). There were also three other models proposed for this generation: the Bullitt in 2001, the Mach 1 2003 and 2004, and the 320 hp Cobra for 1999 and 2001, and 390 hp for 2003 and 2004.

Fifth generation (2005-)

For the 2005 model, Ford introduces a revamped version of the Mustang at the 2004 North American International Auto Show , coded “S-197”, based on the new D2C platform. Developed under the direction of Chief Engineer Hau Thai-Tang and exterior stylist Sid Ramnarace, the fifth-generation Mustang echoes the Mustang Fastback models of the late 1960s. The Vice President of Design, J. Mays, called this “retro-futurism”. The fifth-generation Mustang is manufactured at AutoAlliance International in Flat Rock, Michigan.

For production years from 2005 to 2010, the base model was powered by a 210hp, 4.0L, V6, cast iron engine, while the GT used a modular 3.6L 3-valve V8 aluminum block. 300 ch.

The 2010 Mustangs were produced in spring 2009 with a redesigned exterior and aerodynamic drag coefficient reduced by 4% on base models and 7% on GT models. The base engine of the Mustang remained unchanged, while that of the GT V8 4.6 L was revised to get 315 hp at 6000 rpm and 325 hp at 4255 rpm. Other mechanical features include new shock absorbers, a new stability control system, new colors, and wheel sizes on all models.

With a more powerful six-cylinder engine, the 2011 Mustang is positioned much more as a performance vehicle than the previous V6 Mustangs. To maximize this potential, the 2011 Mustang will offer the all-new “V6 Performance Pack”, which will be available by the end of summer 2010. It can be compared to the “Mustang GT 2010 Racing Pack”. pack will feature a standard 3.31: 1 rear axle, a stiffer suspension, 19 “wheels with” performance “tires, a strut bar and electronic stability control will be calibrated for performance. In addition, the modifications made (other than on the engine) to the 2011 Mustang include an electric power steering (APES), aerodynamic improvements, but also on noise, vibration and damping,

For 2012, a new version of the Mustang Boss 302 has been launched. The engine has 444 hp. A Laguna Seca edition is also available.

In the spring of 2012, Ford wanted a refresh of the Mustang line for the future model in early 2013. The Shelby GT500 features a new supercharged 5.8L V8 engine producing 662 hp. Shelby and Boss engines come with a six-speed manual transmission. The GT and V6 models have a revisited style with an added air intake on the 2010-2011 GT500. The 5.0L V8 GT has gained 8 horsepower and now peaks between 412 hp and 420 hp, while the V6 has remained at 305 hp.

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jonathanbelloblog · 6 years

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Tragic Hero: Stefan Bellof

Stefan Bellof was never better—and never worse—than when he had something to prove.

And Bellof always had something to prove, even if it was just a minor personal point, created from whole cloth to maximize motivation. Raw talent (emphasis on “raw”) allowed the German to drive on the knife’s edge, lap after lap. Luck, or the lack of it, determined whether he stayed on that edge or fell off to one side.

On May 28, 1983, a lucky Bellof qualified his Porsche 956 at the Nürburgring Nordschleife track in Germany for the ADAC Nürburgring 1000 km. In traffic, on older tires, and with a nearly full tank of fuel, Bellof ran a lap of 6 minutes, 11.13 seconds at an average speed of 202.053 kph (125.550 mph). Jaws dropped, and stopwatches were checked to see if they were working properly. Never had a racer averaged more than 200 kph here. Some sort of timing mistake, perhaps?

No, it was just Bellof. Six of the seven top cars were 956s, but Bellof was nearly 6 seconds quicker than the next best. The comparatively inexperienced upstart had proven two things. First, that he could embarrass his fellow factory Porsche drivers, which included Jochen Mass, Jacky Ickx, Stefan Johansson, Bob Wollek, Jan Lammers, Jonathan Palmer, David Hobbs, and Bellof’s own co-driver, Derek Bell.

Bellof is a certified tragic hero, and new fans have embraced his legend, incredible drives, and comparably incredible crashes.

And second, that he could even embarrass Keke Rosberg, then the reigning Formula 1 world champion. Rosberg drove a Williams in F1 but was guest-starring at the ’Ring in a 956 like Bellof’s.

That was on a Saturday. Sunday, during the race, bad luck, enhanced by arrogance, shoved Bellof right off the knife’s edge.

Porsche stars: Stefan Bellof with Derek Bell, Jochen Mass, Jacky Ickx, Vern Schuppan, and John Watson.

Eighteen laps in, Bellof, still feeling lucky, drove the fastest race lap ever run at the Nürburgring: 6:25.91. Two laps later, with a 30-second lead, he crested the hill at Pflanzgarten, became airborne, and flipped. The car came to rest upright. Bellof was uninjured, and he signed autographs for fans lining the fence until track workers finished the cleanup.

Bellof crashed because he was, once again, proving a point. Porsche engineers told him it was impossible to take Pflanzgarten flat-out. Bellof thought otherwise. He was mistaken.

Two years later, the German crashed another 956 at Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps in Belgium. This time, he did not walk away. He was 27.

Outside of Germany, Bellof is best remembered for that near-ethereal Nürburgring qualifying lap, a record that went unbeaten for so long. Inside his home country, the enduring, internet-enhanced Bellof legacy suggests that had he lived, he could well have become Germany’s next F1 champ. This was during a barren period, well before Michael Schumacher’s dominant era, though Schumi, a teen when Bellof died, often cited his countryman as a key inspiration, an opinion seconded by other German drivers, including Timo Bernhard.

Bellof fans—and there are more than you might guess for a driver 33 years gone, most of them centered in Germany but scattered across Europe and beyond—were conflicted when Porsche returned to the Nürburgring to break the record. To Bellof devotees and reportedly even some members of his family, Porsche’s campaign smacked of a pricey publicity stunt at the expense of their idol. After all, Bellof set his mark during qualifying, meaning he had to steer around slower cars. His 956 was race-legal, while the 919 Hybrid Evo Bernhard drove was tuned far beyond the rules that governed the model when it dominated the premier LMP1 class in the FIA World Endurance Championship.

Porsche management in general and Bernhard in particular were profoundly sensitive about eclipsing an almost mythical record set by a fellow Porsche factory driver. Bellof is a certified tragic hero, and new fans have embraced his legend, drawn by online archived videos that showcase his incredible drives and comparably incredible crashes. With his long, typically tousled hair, big, toothy grin, and laughs aplenty, Bellof’s easy manner even won over fellow drivers.

“Everyone liked Stefan immensely,” teammate and co-driver Bell said. “Well, maybe except for Jacky Ickx.”

Ickx, now 73, is the Belgian racer who won the 24 Hours of Le Mans six times—three of those victories driving with Bell—and won eight F1 races, as well as the tough Bathurst 1000 and the Paris-Dakar Rally. If there was any driver who gave Bellof a reason to prove himself, it was Ickx. It cost Bellof his life.

Bellof’s pro racing career started with a dare. At the end of 1981, he was disqualified from the Formula Ford Festival race at Brands Hatch in England after making contact with another car. Bellof was angry. Through his manager—Bellof didn’t yet speak English—he told the race officials to “watch my career, because I’ll be back next year, and I’ll win my first Formula 2 race.”

In March 1982, Bellof did just that, driving a privateer car against a field full of factory-backed entries. A year later he became the youngest driver to date to sign with the Porsche factory. He was assigned to the potent Rothmans team, partnered with Bell.

Monster crashes at Nürburgring and Spa punctuated Stefan Bellof’s career.

Despite minimal experience in race cars with a roof, he qualified the 956 on the pole for his first race, the Silverstone 1000 km, and the duo went on to win. Their next race was the aforementioned Nürburgring 1000 km.

Bellof went on to win two more races that year then came back in 1984 to win the World Sportscar championship by eight points over Mass. He was cheerful and well spoken, and the cameras adored him. He was on his way.

Given his success, it was no surprise F1 came calling, but the best seat Bellof could find was with Tyrrell, which was stuck with naturally aspirated Ford-Cosworth engines when the rest of the field had turbochargers, putting Bellof and teammate Martin Brundle at a 175-horsepower deficit.

Bellof, obviously, had plenty to prove in F1 but little chance to do it, often crashing or breaking in his rookie season as he willed his Tyrrell to run with the turbos. At Monaco, he finally got a chance to shine. Wet tracks are great equalizers when it comes to horsepower, and the principality was soaked. Demonstrating a degree of otherworldly car control that even the also-rising Ayrton Senna couldn’t match, Bellof slid and yawed his way to third, closing fast on Senna, who was second, and leader Alain Prost. Suddenly and to the surprise of most everyone on the track and off, the race director halted the event after 31 laps, citing the poor conditions, though they seemed comparable to what they had been like all race long. Had the race run the full distance, Bellof may well have won. As it was, he still managed his first and only F1 podium, but due to the decreased race length, only half-points were awarded.

Bellof was back with Tyrrell for 1985, and team owner Ken Tyrrell struck a deal that got Bellof and Brundle a few turbocharged engines for later in the season, but they still had to run the Fords early that year. Bellof’s last F1 race was the Dutch Grand Prix in August 1985. He and his team were still getting used to the quirky Renault engine, and it blew up 40 laps into the race.

Stefan Bellof celebrates with Derek Bell, racing in F2, in sports cars at Silverstone, and in F1 in Monaco.

A week later, Bellof was killed. He never had the chance to show what he could do in a car with proper power. Reportedly, he had a ride with Ferrari for 1986. The possibilities are sobering.

His final season, Bellof was an F1 driver first, a sports car racer second, cherry-picking events on off weekends in F1 when he could, against Tyrrell’s wishes.

The shorthand version of Bellof’s career, now that so much time has passed since his death, is bookended by two events: that Nürburgring record run in 1983 and his controversial fatal crash at Spa.

His final season, Bellof was an F1 driver first, a sports car racer second, cherry-picking events on off weekends in F1 when he could, against Tyrrell’s wishes. Bellof entered the Spa 1000 km race in privateer Walter Brun’s fast 956, partnered with Thierry Boutsen.

Did Bellof have another something to prove at Spa? Oh, yes. Porsche factory racer Ickx, conservative, often tightly wound, and not at all impressed by Bellof’s playboy personality, was driving Porsche’s newest race car, a 962C.

Ickx and Bellof were oil and water. Spa was Ickx’s home track. And remember the Monaco Grand Prix that was stopped as Bellof was reeling in Senna and burgeoning legend Prost? A moonlighting Ickx was the F1 race director for that event.

At Spa, Ickx and Bellof had both just taken over for their co-drivers. A quicker pit stop put Ickx ahead of Bellof. It did not take long for Bellof to catch Ickx, but passing him was another matter. On lap 78, Bellof attempted perhaps the riskiest pass imaginable, taking aim at Ickx as they entered the treacherous left-right Eau Rouge corner. Bellof dove in to Ickx’s left. They touched.

Both cars spun into the guardrail at 140 mph. Ickx took a glancing blow and was able to climb from his car. But Bellof’s car speared head-on into the barrier, at a point where it was supported by a concrete pillar. The Porsche then burst into flames. Ickx hurried to Bellof’s car to help track workers pull him out. It wouldn’t have mattered.

Stefan Bellof tackles Spa’s Eau Rouge in his last race, and the aftermath of his crash (below).

Ickx had a contract to finish the season for Porsche, and he did, contesting the final three races, winning the finale at the Shah Alam Circuit in Malaysia with co-driver Mass. Ickx then hung up his helmet. By all accounts he was deeply troubled by Bellof’s death, but he has seldom spoken of the incident on the record.

Just as Mass was unfairly blamed for causing the death of F1 driver Gilles Villeneuve in 1982 at the Belgian Grand Prix after they touched wheels during qualifying, a contingent of Bellof fans still suspect Ickx might have blocked Bellof as the two entered Eau Rouge, causing the crash.

But Ickx had a camera in his car, and the evidence disputes the notion of dirty play. So said former Porsche chief engineer Norbert Singer, who designed the 956. “We reviewed the film, frame by frame, for several laps,” Singer told Automobile. “Ickx took the same line through Eau Rouge every time.

Bellof “just ended up going side-by-side into the corner and wouldn’t lift. But that was him—Stefan wouldn’t lift.” —Martin Brundle, Tyrrell F1 teammate

“Stefan and Jacky were not really friends,” Singer continued. “Bellof had the idea to show him that he was the hero at Spa, show him that someone could be much faster than him. He tried to overtake where normally nobody can. It was very tragic.”

Bell agreed with Singer. “I was very upset when he got killed,” he said. “It was a totally unnecessary accident. Bellof was incorrect, and I would say that to his parents. Nobody in his right mind would try to pass on what may be the most difficult corner in the world.”

Brundle, Bellof’s Tyrrell F1 teammate, was racing a Jaguar at Spa and was waiting to get into his car when the crash happened right in front of him. Bellof was “trying to make a statement, basically,” by passing in full view of pit lane, Brundle wrote in a 1997 column for F1 Racing magazine. Bellof “just ended up going side-by-side into the corner and wouldn’t lift. But that was him—Stefan wouldn’t lift.”

Jacky Ickx’s personality didn’t mesh well with Stefan Bellof’s, but the German’s death appeared to have a deep effect on the Belgian.

The funeral, Brundle wrote, “was horrific. It was just awful. The family was beside themselves with grief.”

Bellof devotees rally around the driver’s official website, Stefan-Bellof.de, where you can still buy family-approved merchandise and read archived stories about his career. Shortly after Porsche set the new ’Ring record, the website carried a statement that, despite reports to the contrary, the Bellof family did not support the event.

As you might expect, many of the comments on the Bellof site and Facebook page are unenthusiastic about the new benchmark. Wrote one fan: “You can’t compare apples to pears,” suggesting that a car specifically modified for the record run and using 35 years’ worth of fresh technology doesn’t directly compare to Bellof’s achievement, set in an entirely different era with what is now certainly antiquated equipment.

That said, even the diehard Bellof fans seem unanimous in their praise for the human aspect of the new Holy Grail of lap times. “Despite all the nostalgia,” wrote one, “a great performance by Timo Bernhard.”

Archive photography courtesy of Porsche and LAT Photographic

Ringing in a Record: Porsche 919 Hybrid Evo Race Car

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jesusvasser · 6 years