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faintingheroine · 3 years

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A Little Princess - Chapter 3

“On that first morning, when Sara sat at Miss Minchin's side, aware that the whole schoolroom was devoting itself to observing her, she had noticed very soon one little girl, about her own age, who looked at her very hard with a pair of light, rather dull, blue eyes. She was a fat child who did not look as if she were in the least clever, but she had a good-naturedly pouting mouth.”

Why is fatness always associated with not being clever in children’s books? The only exception I am familiar with is Piggy from Lord of the Flies.

And of course we see here something we see a lot in older children’s novels. Someone’s character being obvious from the face they make or their features.

“Upon which Miss St. John gave another jump, and when Lavinia and Jessie tittered she became redder than ever—so red, indeed, that she almost looked as if tears were coming into her poor, dull, childish eyes; and Sara saw her and was so sorry for her that she began rather to like her and want to be her friend. It was a way of hers always to want to spring into any fray in which someone was made uncomfortable or unhappy.

"If Sara had been a boy and lived a few centuries ago," her father used to say, "she would have gone about the country with her sword drawn, rescuing and defending everyone in distress. She always wants to fight when she sees people in trouble."”

And here we have the first instance of Sara being a truly idealized character. So far she has only been odd and intelligent and unnecessarily polite which only added to her weirdness. But starting with this instance she is portrayed as a fairly heroic idealized character, I will admit to that. But I am not too troubled with this, because she is still an original character with a particular personality and not the cardboard cutout of how the author thinks little girls should behave.

“So she took rather a fancy to fat, slow, little Miss St. John, and kept glancing toward her through the morning. She saw that lessons were no easy matter to her, and that there was no danger of her ever being spoiled by being treated as a show pupil. Her French lesson was a pathetic thing. Her pronunciation made even Monsieur Dufarge smile in spite of himself, and Lavinia and Jessie and the more fortunate girls either giggled or looked at her in wondering disdain. But Sara did not laugh. She tried to look as if she did not hear when Miss St. John called "le bon pain," "lee bong pang." She had a fine, hot little temper of her own, and it made her feel rather savage when she heard the titters and saw the poor, stupid, distressed child's face.

"It isn't funny, really," she said between her teeth, as she bent over her book. "They ought not to laugh."”

The book, having been published in 1905, hits you over the head with how “stupid” Ermengarde is. I remembered her as exceptionally stupid, though this might have something to do with her later naïveté in not understanding Sara’s new condition. Based on this chapter alone, she isn’t “stupid”, she is just a seven-year-old who is not particularly academically talented and has anxiety because of the expectations of her father.

We again see Sara’s heroic streak.

“When lessons were over and the pupils gathered together in groups to talk, Sara looked for Miss St. John, and finding her bundled rather disconsolately in a window-seat, she walked over to her and spoke. She only said the kind of thing little girls always say to each other by way of beginning an acquaintance, but there was something friendly about Sara, and people always felt it.

"What is your name?" she said.”

I really like how randomly children can become friends.

How friendly Sara is is something that is always recognized by others. Is this the same Sara that thought she didn’t care much for other little girls and was only interested in her books in Chapter 1? Perhaps by “friendliness”, it means “goodness” and “kindness”, after all in this chapter Sara befriends Ermengarde partially because she pities her, not really because she is desperate for a friend.

“To explain Miss St. John's amazement one must recall that a new pupil is, for a short time, a somewhat uncertain thing; and of this new pupil the entire school had talked the night before until it fell asleep quite exhausted by excitement and contradictory stories. A new pupil with a carriage and a pony and a maid, and a voyage from India to discuss, was not an ordinary acquaintance.”

Sara being defined by her riches is important, because the story is about whether she can stay polite and a “princess” when she loses all of it.

“"My name's Ermengarde St. John," she answered.

"Mine is Sara Crewe," said Sara. "Yours is very pretty. It sounds like a story book."

"Do you like it?" fluttered Ermengarde. "I—I like yours."

Miss St. John's chief trouble in life was that she had a clever father. Sometimes this seemed to her a dreadful calamity. If you have a father who knows everything, who speaks seven or eight languages, and has thousands of volumes which he has apparently learned by heart, he frequently expects you to be familiar with the contents of your lesson books at least; and it is not improbable that he will feel you ought to be able to remember a few incidents of history and to write a French exercise. Ermengarde was a severe trial to Mr. St. John. He could not understand how a child of his could be a notably and unmistakably dull creature who never shone in anything.

"Good heavens!" he had said more than once, as he stared at her, "there are times when I think she is as stupid as her Aunt Eliza!"

If her Aunt Eliza had been slow to learn and quick to forget a thing entirely when she had learned it, Ermengarde was strikingly like her. She was the monumental dunce of the school, and it could not be denied.

"She must be MADE to learn," her father said to Miss Minchin.”

Ermengarde’s father is well characterized. He is an intellectual who picked a pretentious ancient Germanic name for his daughter; one which the similarly bookish Sara is charmed by. He is openly insulting to his daughter and his sister/sister-in-law. His high hopes for his daughter and insisting her to be what she isn’t probably contributes to Ermengarde’s anxiety in the classroom. She is seven years old and he is already disappointed in her. He is a jerk.

“"You can speak French, can't you?" she said respectfully.

Sara got on to the window-seat, which was a big, deep one, and, tucking up her feet, sat with her hands clasped round her knees.

"I can speak it because I have heard it all my life," she answered. "You could speak it if you had always heard it."

"Oh, no, I couldn't," said Ermengarde. "I NEVER could speak it!"

"Why?" inquired Sara, curiously.”

I like that Sara knows French so well not because she is a super-genius but because she was raised bilingual.

(Sara is talking about why she was given her own sitting room). “”Yes," Sara answered. "Papa asked Miss Minchin to let me have one, because—well, it was because when I play I make up stories and tell them to myself, and I don't like people to hear me. It spoils it if I think people listen."”

I relate to Sara here.

"Oh, she got back to her seat before we could see her!" Sara explained. "Of course they always do. They are as quick as lightning."

Ermengarde looked from her to the doll and back again.

"Can she—walk?" she asked breathlessly.

"Yes," answered Sara. "At least I believe she can. At least I PRETEND I believe she can. And that makes it seem as if it were true. Have you never pretended things?"

"No," said Ermengarde. "Never. I—tell me about it."”

Ermengarde is amazed by what Sara is doing, but what she is doing is an ability which is on some level common to all children and which we unfortunately mostly lose as we grow up: That is the ability to play pretend knowing that it is pretend and still get absorbed in it without needing to tell anyone about it. Actually on some level Sara is less childish about her game of pretend than most children are, she clearly feels the need to tell others about it as if she is a storyteller rather than a little girl simply playing, and she actually is a storyteller. Her daydreams and games aren’t simply left as just that, they are also recounted.

“She was so bewitched by this odd, new companion that she actually stared at Sara instead of at Emily—notwithstanding that Emily was the most attractive doll person she had ever seen.”

I have lost the count of how many times Sara is described as “odd” or “queer”.

I like that Ermengarde calls Emily “doll person”.

“Sara sat upon the hearth-rug and told her strange things. She sat rather huddled up, and her green eyes shone and her cheeks flushed. She told stories of the voyage, and stories of India; but what fascinated Ermengarde the most was her fancy about the dolls who walked and talked, and who could do anything they chose when the human beings were out of the room, but who must keep their powers a secret and so flew back to their places "like lightning" when people returned to the room.”

Ermengarde is fascinated because she didn’t grow up with Toy Story.

(Sara and Ermengarde are talking about Sara’s father and how she misses him) “I love mine more than all the world ten times over," Sara said. "That is what my pain is. He has gone away."

She put her head quietly down on her little, huddled-up knees, and sat very still for a few minutes.

"She's going to cry out loud," thought Ermengarde, fearfully.

But she did not. Her short, black locks tumbled about her ears, and she sat still. Then she spoke without lifting her head.

"I promised him I would bear it," she said. "And I will. You have to bear things. Think what soldiers bear! Papa is a soldier. If there was a war he would have to bear marching and thirstiness and, perhaps, deep wounds. And he would never say a word—not one word."

This is clearly foreshadowing of how Sara will behave when faced with serious hardship.

“Presently, she lifted her face and shook back her black locks, with a queer little smile.

"If I go on talking and talking," she said, "and telling you things about pretending, I shall bear it better. You don't forget, but you bear it better."

This again foreshows how Sara will survive through the novel.

“Ermengarde did not know why a lump came into her throat and her eyes felt as if tears were in them.

"Lavinia and Jessie are 'best friends,'" she said rather huskily. "I wish we could be 'best friends.' Would you have me for yours? You're clever, and I'm the stupidest child in the school, but I—oh, I do so like you!"

"I'm glad of that," said Sara. "It makes you thankful when you are liked. Yes. We will be friends. And I'll tell you what"—a sudden gleam lighting her face—"I can help you with your French lessons."”

I love how as children you can be frank about wanting to be someone’s best friend.

*This book is too fun to make it into homework so I am not going to continue with these chapter by chapter posts. I will write a post about it if I have anything particular to say, but I am not going to do separate posts on chapters. I will definitely write a retrospective and my final thoughts when I finish the audiobook though.

#a little princess #a little princess reread

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niccirobertson · 3 years

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Why too little salt is as dangerous as too much - Jessica Brown BBC Future

Last year a video of Turkish chef Nusret Gökçe lovingly seasoning a massive steak with a pinch of salt amassed millions of views online and earned him the nickname ‘salt bae’. But it wasn’t just his attention to detail that captured attention.

We’re obsessed with salt – despite warnings we’re consuming too much of it and harming our health in the process. But a counter-argument is gaining ground, casting doubt on decades of research and shedding light on the questions that still remain unanswered about our favorite seasoning.

Sodium, the key element found in salt, is essential for our bodies to maintain its overall fluid balance, transport oxygen and nutrients, and allow our nerves to pulse with electricity. But most populations have historically eaten more salt than advised, and health officials around the world have had their work cut out for them convincing us to cut down.

Guidelines recommend adults have no more than 6g of salt per day. In the UK we consume closer to 8g; in the US, 8.5g.

But only a quarter of our daily intake comes from salt we add into food ourselves – the rest is hidden in the food we buy, including bread, sauces, soups and some cereals.

Adding to the confusion is that on food labels, manufacturers often refer to sodium content rather than salt, which can make us think we’re consuming less salt than we are. Salt is made up of both sodium and chloride ions. In 2.5g of salt, there is about 1g of sodium. “The general public isn’t aware of this, and just think sodium and salt are the same thing. No one tells you this,” says nutritionist May Simpkin.

Research has found that too much salt causes high blood pressure, which can lead to strokes and heart disease, and experts broadly agree that the evidence against salt is compelling. Our bodies retain water when we eat salt, increasing blood pressure until our kidneys flush it out. Too much salt over a long period of time can put strain on our arteries and lead to prolonged high blood pressure, known as hypertension, which causes 62% of all strokes and 49% of coronary heart disease events, according to the World Health Organization.

One meta-analysis of 13 studies published over 35 years found a 17% greater risk of total cardiovascular disease and a 23% greater risk of stroke from consuming an extra 5g of salt per day.

As you might expect, cutting salt intake can have a reverse effect. In one eight-year data analysis of blood pressure, other cardiovascular disease risk factors and mean salt intake, researchers found that a decline in salt intake by 1.4g per day was likely to have contributed to a fall in blood pressure – which in turn contributed to the 42% decline in fatal strokes and 40% drop in heart disease-related deaths.

But in a common theme in observational studies such as this one, the researchers also concluded that it was difficult to entirely separate the effects of less salt from other diet and lifestyle behaviors. Those who are more conscious of their salt intake are more likely to eat healthier overall, exercise more and smoke and drink less.

Long-term, randomised trials comparing people who eat a lot versus a little salt could establish cause and effect. But very few such studies exist because of the funding requirements and ethical implications. “Randomised trials showing salt’s effect on the body are almost impossible to carry out,” says Francesco Cappuccio, professor of cardiovascular medicine and epidemiology at the University of Warwick’s medical school and author of the eight-year review.

“But there are also no randomised trials for obesity, or smoking, which we know kills you.”

Meanwhile, observational evidence is in abundance. After the Japanese government launched a campaign to persuade people to reduce their salt intake in the late 1960s, intake decreased from 13.5g to 12g per day. Over the same period, there were falls in blood pressure and an 80% reduction in stroke mortality. In Finland, daily salt intake dropped from 12g in the late 1970s to as little as 9g by 2002, and there was a 75-80% decrease in deaths from stroke and heart disease in the same period.

An additional complicating factor is that the effects of salt consumption on blood pressure and heart health differ from one individual to another. Studies have found that our sensitivity to salt varies from person to person – depending on factors as varied as ethnicity, age, body mass index, health and family history of hypertension. Some studies have found that those with higher salt sensitivity are more at risk of salt-associated high blood pressure.

In fact, some scientists are now arguing that a low-salt diet is just as much of a risk factor for developing high blood pressure as high salt consumption. In other words, there is a J- or U-shaped curve with a threshold at the bottom where risks starts to go back up.

One meta-analysis, for example, found a link between low salt intake and cardiovascular-related events and death. The researchers argued that consuming either less than 5.6g or more than 12.5g a day is associated with negative health outcomes.

A different study involving more than 170,000 people had similar findings: a link between ‘low’ salt intake, defined as less than 7.5g, and increased risk of cardiovascular events and death in people both with and without hypertension, compared to a ‘moderate’ intake of up to 12.5g per day (between 1.5 to 2.5 teaspoons of salt). That moderate intake is up to double the UK recommended daily intake.

The study’s lead author, Andrew Mente, a nutritional epidemiologist at McMaster University in Ontario, concluded that reducing salt intake from high to moderate reduces the risk of high blood pressure, but there are no health benefits beyond that. And increasing salt intake from low to moderate might help too.

“The finding of a sweet spot in the middle is consistent with what you would expect for any essential nutrient… where at high levels you have toxicity and at low levels you have a deficiency,” he says. “An optimal level is always found somewhere in the middle.”

But not everyone agrees - Cappuccio is unequivocal that a reduction in salt consumption reduces blood pressure in everyone – not just people who eat far too much. He says the wave of studies in recent years concluding contrary findings are small, include participants who are already unwell, and rely on flawed data – including Mente’s study, which used a fasting spot urine test on participants instead of the ‘gold standard’ of spreading several tests over a 24-hour period.

Sara Stanner, science director at the charity the British Nutrition Foundation, agrees that the evidence that reducing salt intake in those with hypertension lowers blood pressure and risk of heart disease is strong. And there aren’t many people are consuming levels as low as 3g, the level at which some of this research calls dangerously low.

This would be difficult to achieve, Stanner says, due to the levels of salt in foods we buy.“So much of the salt we consume is in everyday foods,” she says. “This is why reformulation across the food supply is the most successful approach to cut down on national salt levels, as has been the case in the UK.”

Experts also have conflicting views on whether high salt intake can be offset by an otherwise healthy diet and exercise. Some, including Stanner, say that a diet rich in potassium, found in fruit, vegetables, nuts and dairy, can help to offset salt’s adverse effects on blood pressure.

Ceu Mateus, senior lecturer in Health Economics at Lancaster University, advises that we should prioritise being aware of hidden salt in our diets rather than trying to avoid it altogether.

“The problems we have with too much salt could be similar to those linked with too little, but we still need to do more research to understand what goes on here. In the meantime, a healthy person is going to be able to regulate small amounts,” Mateus says.

“We should be aware that too much salt is really bad, but don’t eliminate it completely from your diet.” Despite recent studies arguing the potential dangers of a low salt diet, and individual differences in salt sensitivity, the most established takeaway from existing research is that too much salt definitely increases blood pressure.

#hypotension #endfoodconfusion #salt #electrolytes #healthychoices #reinventhealth

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sireneia · 4 years

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@knightlydumbass sent: 🎰I THINK I HAVE BARELY ENOUGH MUSES FOR THIS... // rng ships / interactions. honestly i don’t know why i pretend like i haven’t been writing all these as platonic first

for complete transparency, for this one i rigged them on ur part just to showcase all your muses but i still randomized mine akhskhgr i also randomized mine after i wrote your muses’ names down so as to avoid just picking pairs i’d like to talk about

1. Reyson & Rowan

You know, the nice thing about Rowan is while I theoretically can put him in Heroes verse to interact with anyone, I can also just as easily literally throw him into any FE world without much of any explanation either or vice versa LMAO so I could have Rowan visit Tellius or maybe Reyson can chill in the unfortunate rubble that is Aytolis

Rowan, though he now has an interest in other realms, has little to no idea about what Tellius is and so would be surprised to know of a world where there’s all these shapeshifting animals! While Rowan has issues with people who are royalty but can’t fight due to his own issues with his father, I think he’d easily be able to look past it with Reyson considering how much Reyson himself wishes he could participate and fight. Rowan could see that anger! That determination! That’s what matters more to Rowan than actual physical capability -- the drive to fight, and while maybe Reyson might not be too fond of Rowan, Rowan could easily be swayed into vibing well with him.

The power of the herons’ singing and their ability to purify the soul would be of particular interest to him though. It might actually get Rowan to dial himself down since it’d probably make him wonder if Reyson had been there with him during his own adventure, if Reyson could’ve potentially saved Rowan’s own friend from possession. He wouldn’t ask to turn back time or anything, but I think Reyson might be one of the only characters in FE with the potential to make Rowan more contemplative and even mournful to an extent.

2. Sara & Raigh

hahaha so. Raigh canonically is strangely okay with girls with long purplish-silver hair that happen to Know Everything About You so he’d probably be alright with Sara, though he might struggle with the idea of seeing himself as an equal to her with the fact she can read as childish at times with how she works to her own whims as opposed to others. That could lead to him being exasperated but he still wouldn’t feel comfortable leaving her alone either.

If he sees her as overly childish, then that opens up him to be even more willing to be kind on her considering how he can’t bring himself to be anything but kind to those he sees as troubled children. Beyond that though, I think Raigh would be interested in her bloodline which could get to a no-go territory, but still! She may be a healer, but she’s associated with the darkness! It’s notable darkness even! Raigh at his heart is also a researcher and would love to know more about any darkness he can. He has a reason to be interested in spending time with her from the get-go as a result.

3. Eldigan & Febail

Hm, this becomes an interesting question of how much does Eldigan know first and foremost. Edain is childhood friends with Sigurd, so would Eldigan know her well by extension and thus maybe know of Brigid even if not her present self? Would Eldigan recognize Yewfelle ( i don’t like assuming everyone knows what the holy weapons look like in-game considering how clueless patty and febail seemed at balmung and yewfelle but i think it’s probably reasonable to assume a majorblood would know akhshgr ) and not even need to know Brigid at all to understand what Febail is? Or would Febail just seem like another companion of Ares that Eldigan would be meeting in Askr?

If they meet with no information at all, I think Febail would more than anything read to Eldigan as a really bad example of the common people getting screwed over by those that rule over them; here’s someone who had to resort to a job he probably shouldn’t have had to because there was basically no way to financially support a bunch of the future generation of Jugdral suddenly with the Empire’s executions. It’s not the kind of Jugdral Eldigan would’ve wanted, and I don’t know if his ideal heart would like to hear Febail’s story consequently.

If Eldigan has an idea though, I think he could be a source of helping Febail at least... somewhat prepare for his future and what being a duke would entail. Febail at no time really understands in-game what he’s getting himself into, even when he’s told he’s Brigid’s son, and so Eldigan might be the wake-up call he needs.

Regardless of the previous two ifs, there’s always the potential of Febail giving yet another viewpoint on what Ares has been doing and what he’s like, though of course he’s a lot less helpful of a source than Lene would be lmao

4. Ares & Dew

I have all these Jugdrali muses who live in / are relevant during the time period Ares is and yet RNG chooses Dew, huh. The One (1) that isn’t. Close with an FE4 muse yet so far ok.jpeg

With the interaction we had with Eldigan and Dew already, I think the idea of Ares having inherited alongside Mystletainn the sword Dew gave Eldigan and Dew recognizing it could be wild hahaha especially if it’s like. Wow. This Sword Either Went Entirely Unused Or You Took Really Good Care Of It, Huh considering I doubt Eldigan would’ve done anything with it. //:

There’s also the potential of Dew being alive in Gen 2 and them meeting quite literally that way, though ofc they can just meet up in Heroes verse with Dew being a ghost like all the other gen 1 units. This is basically a role-reversal of the Eldigan and Febail pitch I had where now Dew is able to tell Ares more about the time period where his father was living, maybe clear up some unanswered questions, but from the perspective of someone who is a bit more detached than, say, Lachesis or Sigurd who would have their biases or might be troubling in their own ways to approach due to heavier consequences should the conversation go wrong. But with Dew, those consequences don’t exist. After all, who cares much about a thief from Verdane and upsetting him?

There’s also the strange barely mentioned ties between Verdane and Agustria post-game that could make a conversation between them based upon the countries they belong to in a way, or I guess if we really wanted to go there, there’s always the fact that Dew is one of Aunt Lachy’s predestineds. God, wild uncle possibilities for Ares going from Beo to Dew to the only reasonable man of Naoise.

5. Yuri & Clive

I still know next to nothing about the Ashen Wolves but from what information I’ve been given (whether it be canon or just people feeding me hcs in a way that seemed like canon to me), I’m not so sure I think these two would be on very good terms. It sounds like to me Yuri might have an issue with Clive as a knight based on Yuri’s own experiences and ideals, but I also cannot get a good read on Yuri at all with how some people say him and also you telling me he’s not very receptive to Crimson Flower as a route, throwing me a big curveball in my attempt to understand his motivations or principles LMAO

I think Clive’s always an interesting comparison point for a lot of FE characters with his views on duty, class systems, merit and what people ought to be recognized, affection, etc. and it sounds to me like Yuri has strong opinions himself! Even if i don’t know them

Maybe Clive’s thoughts on accepting those shunned by his peers because they too might have the potential to shine could be received well but all the other parts aren’t. Who Knows. I don’t know why I tried talking my way through this when I know absolute jack maskhgr i am So Sorry

#// i can't believe i have not one but two muses who would not be creeped out by sara's all-seeing ways LMAO #knightlydumbass #+. / ooc.#+. / inbox.#long post ---

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polar-stars · 4 years

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Now that i've watched the first two episodes of season 5 of Shokugeki no Soma, i'd like to know your thoughts, what did you like? what did you dislike the most? What do you hope the anime will improve? i personally felt like it was a bit too rushed but i did like that anime only scene with Soma and Erina at the baloony where they talked about his mother, it was nice ^-^

Hello ! (I hope you’re well, safe and healthy during these days 🍀)

So my thoughts on Season 5? Well 1/10, there’s not nearly enough OTP-content for me

Okay no, I’m kidding! (although…I do miss my OTP-content but enough of that really, no one cares) My feelings for Season 5 are very, very mixed.

The fact that it dived right into Beach Arc although there’s content in-between the RDC finale and Beach Arc greatly confused me. My prediction is that the anime team did it in order to come back with a bang so to speak: Beach Arc has all of the 92nd Generation, shows it’s Elite 10 members in action and well, it’s genuinely a fun arc in the manga too, generally seen as “the last good thing” before the BLUE-fiasco starts. Out of everything that comes Post-RDC this arc carries most of Shokugeki’s original spirit (Safe for Les Dessert 1 maybe. Les Dessert 1 is valid in this house, don’t @ me)

I suppose the Anime just considered that more exciting to start with and rally people up for the new season than just solely Megumi and Soma getting to meet (the character that no one likes) Asahi 🤷🏻‍♀️

I think that was the same case with “Ni no Sara” (2nd Season) as well, which immediately started with Soma’s and Alice’s match instead of showcasing Megumi’s and Soma’s visit to a daycare, which upset a few people back then…as said visit was skipped entirely. But I suppose that was also just too slow as a start of a new season for the anime team which is why they dived right into the exciting fight 😅 It’s kinda sad though how it’s always Megumi who suffers from scenes being cut in favor for thrill. I am legit sad over the Hot Spring Arc being reduced to a quick Slideshow during the credits of Season 4….It was a legit epic moment of Megumi and she deserved to have it animated. Also, bias…but while they only kicked in the last part of Hot Spring Arc, it was also legit a nice entrance of the former 2nd years and Takumi and Isami back then, which I’d have liked to see animated 😪

anyway

First Episode was more or less fine and fun being real, even though I was still a bit >:T about Hot Spring Arc being cut entirely.

Then there’s….episode 2….

So the preview for Episode 2 had been posted in advance on twitter and I read it and I actually got more or less excited. The BLUE Premlins got mentioned in the preview already and I went: “Wait? You’re telling me that the anime is really dedicating an episode to anime-original content?” I was…floored.

You know the anime always added it’s original bits ever since Season 1 and especially in Season 4 they took quite some liberties here and there. But ultimately they mostly just added little things and didn’t really begin to actively tinker with the story I’d say. An entire episode seemingly dedicated to anime-original-content was on a whole level and I was instantly in love with the idea.

You know a common question asked back when BLUE began was why exactly Soma, Megumi and Takumi were chosen to go to BLUE and there was just…never really much explanation given for it in the manga. The anime tried to offer an explanation by having them earn their participation and they tried to do it in a fun way that very much mirrors the Autumn Election Premlins.

But well…Let’s just say….

It mirrored the Autumn Election Premlins VERY STRONGLY

The episode ultimately, for the most part, became a Recycle Festival of Reused Shots. Almost every frame had been taken from some earlier episode. Some had their hairstyles updated to the Timeskip-Look versions but like…characters with no Timeskip-Look like Marui, Isshiki or Kuga made the Recycling specifically obvious to me (Marui showing off his dish was basically just a much shorter version of him doing so in the AE Premlins and //lies down// my son deserves better than this). And you know….

I really liked the idea of the BLUE Premlins and I got what the anime wanted to do: Give the Side Characters some justice and action before they’ll all disappear into the Abyss in favor for Erina’s family drama 2.0 and Asahi’s annoying face. And they combined it with an explanation on why Megumi and Takumi got chosen for BLUE….That’s…noble and sweet intention. The anime has always shown it’s side characters more love than the manga ever did and…ah, I do like what they were attempting to do however-

As much as I tried to focus on the story behind it and how much I wanted to ignore the animation….The fact that I’ve seen nearly every image on screen before became jarring and boring REAL QUICK.

I think that’s a shame. They could have made it so much more fun and enjoyable but….the visuals made it just SO hard for me, because there was just barely anything new to them ; 7 ;

Since I saw the preview, Episode 2 had something that I didn’t expect anything in this season to have: expectation. And it was just kinda a let-down being real ;w;

What I liked most so far though is, very briefly: Every Scene with Yuki so far, Yua and Urara being given Spotlight, Eizan’s and Nene’s Timeskip-Looks existing [I love them] and also their scenes…specifically Eizan’s because he’s just funny to me, Quality Shun and Zenji Bonding Time in Episode 1, Megumi actually winning the BLUE Premlin-Things (it’s what she deserves after Hot Spring had been cut) and uh, most of the jokes but Shokugeki’s comedy was always rather strong for me.

But well, from what I can tell….We’ll now be getting into BLUE and yeah 🤷🏻‍♀️ I don’t care about BLUE. It’s an arc with nothing really redeemable about it to me and that I mainly associate with the destruction of a manga series I hold very, very dear.

I don’t think I’ll even watch most of the BLUE-related episodes…I just care too little for that.

But I’ll definitely stick around for the animated version of Les Dessert…

#Gofer answering to stuffz #Shokugeki no Soma

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eurekq · 5 years

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so here they are.... my revamped darlings. naohiko, rika, amane, and maya are new! im going to put all their bios under the cut, they’re mostly copypasted from the old ref though except for the new kids :P i really like naohiko, he’s basically an amalgamation of every percussionist i’ve ever known lmfao

basic premise: 16 fresh-out-of-highschool prodigies are invited to star in well-respected and widely-watched big brother-esque reality tv show, which takes place on a cruise ship. what they weren't expecting was for the show's 25th season to be a killing game! the students: CHOUMI YUKIYAMA: exceptional among even her fellow shsls, choumi made her historic mark on ballet by becoming the world's youngest ever prima ballerina at the age of 13 and japan's first ever prima ballerina assoluta at 18. fans flock to her ethereal, angelic grace on stage as well as to the percieved sense of otherworldlyness surrounding her albinism. on the darker side of her popularity, repeated sexual harassment from fans and male dance partners alike has hardened her world view to make her not quite cold, but definitely reserved in her emotions. she adapts fairly easy to stressful situations and pushes through pain with almost no visible outward struggle due to her all too common experience with dancing through foot and ankle injuries. because of this she usually ends up taking initiative in difficult scenarios if no one else steps forward. she is also a quite talented hobbyist figure skater and is fluent in both english and russian. REN KIKUHARA: a fairly odd florist in that instead of ordering flowers to arrange into bouquets, every flower he sells is grown himself. although this means that his selection is seasonally and fairly regionally limited, he has an incredible talent for working with plants and can even sometimes coax out-of-zone flowers to grow. he's fluent in hanakotoba and is surprisingly good at flirting through flowers without it seeming cheesy, although he doesn't do it very often. people often remark that his bouquets often seem to have more love and life in them than store-bought ones. ren is a calm and kind soul and prefers listening to talking, with what he does say always seeming to be just the right words for the situation. MARIKO MIKAMI: mariko was a sickly child, and spent a large part of her elementary school years in hospitals. around the age of seven, she began folding paper cranes as something to do, and wished to live normally after she folded her 1000th. she soon recovered, and feels that she owes her life to origami. she is precise and calculating in everything she does, which shines through in her art: every delicate, artful piece of origami that she makes is creased and folded perfectly. she also dabbles in wet-fold origami. she's most famous for her dry-fold though, and her pieces are well known for their complex, precise, mathematical beauty. she refuses to fold paper cranes anymore, feeling that they are too sacred for her to touch after they saved her life as a child. a calm, slightly disconcerting smile is always on her face, no matter the circumstance; her manner is polite for the most part, if i a little aggressive. MOMOTAROU KOBARA: momotarou, born into a rich family that fufilled his near-every want, made a name for himself in the world of collecting at the age of just eleven by, through luck and love for the series, collecting every pokemon card. from then on he set onto collecting just about anything non-perishable: pins, collectors set bandaids, vinyls, etc. he has exceptional luck in finding deals on ebay and other sites. he cant really be called a hoarder, since he likes to have just one of everything; he resells, gifts, or uses any duplicates. his mood swings between a dreamy, chilled out, flirtatious persona and periods of numb depression when it hits him that his whole life revolves around material possesions and that he has no real human connections. SARA KUROKAWA: a talented young woman from a long line of popular backalley tattoo artists. she combines traditional symbolism and youthful influence in her designs to make something new and more appealing for the younger generation, and is a huge proponent for tattoos being shown off for fashion rather than hidden away in the traditional style. sara does have (illegal) tattoos done by her older siblings on her arms despite the minimum age being 20, although her being homeschooled, looking older than her actual age, and having a tendency to wear long sleeves year round has led her to encounter few problems. she and her family are among the many who simply choose to ignore the statute requiring a medical license to tattoo. sara is a fairly rude person in a backhanded way, acts stereotypically catty and even a little deranged sometimes, and enjoys making herself the center of attention, whether through her appearance (dyed pink hair and white contacts) or the things she says. the only two things that can break her shell and make her excited and genuine are tattooing and piano, which she has played from a young age and loves. NAOHIKO KINZUMI: the son of a concert pianist and a professional jazz drummer, naohiko shortcutted the usual pots-and-pans percussion stage most children go through and spent most of his childhood hitting actual drums. blessed with perfect pitch and a natural feel for rhythm, his parents enrolled him in private music lessons at age five, and he joined onto his first indoor percussion ensemble at age 13. a fast learner, naohiko can play most all percussion instruments at a professional level, including both tuned and auxiliary. he is especially known for his drumset skill, specifically being able to match the speed and complexity of most double kick pedal rhythms with just one foot, and his delicate grace at bowed vibraphone. naohiko is loud, brash, and fun, with an infectious smile and sense of humor that draws people in. despite the flashiness of his drumset playing, his favourite instruments are actually the weird obscure ones, like the waterphone, mahler hammer, and "bucket of loud objects to be dumped on the floor". HARUMI HAMANAKA: harumi is a sweet and bubbly girl, if almost cloyingly so. her good luck is a fairly stable force (nowhere near as chaotic as komaeda, for example), generally acting in the favor of wishes of people around her. her mother intensly wanted for her to be on the show because of the exposure it provides, and this is what harumi attributes to her being selected. despite the way her luck operates, shes no doormat and in fact has an overwhelming force of personality, and her sweet demeanor can become rather passive aggressive if challenged on pretty much anything. SHOU KATSUKI (PROTAG): pushed to succeed in the game from a very young age, shou is japan's reigning chess champion, a FIDE-certified grandmaster, and went to international competition the year before the killing game. he played through to the finals with influenza, which worsened through the matches due to lack of treatment and culminated in debilitating pneumonia that left him in the hospital and unable to play for first. because of this, he's cultivated a sort of inferiority complex that he tries to cover for with self-confidence, which actually comes off as condescending rudeness. he has a natural talent for cause and effect analyzation and is good at planning ahead. he gets flustered easily over trivial things and is a sore loser, but tends not to crack under actual pressure. shou doesn't like to be associated with his family due to the intense pressure they put him under only to steal his winnings the second he began to succeed and thus prefers to be referred to by his given name, even by near-strangers. he does genuinely love chess, but his favourite board game is actually risk. (no one ever wants to play with him, though.) RIKA FUJIMIYA: originally scouted as a young child for her unique eyes and birthmarks, rika's first minor film role at the age of nine left the director stunned at her acting capability. as someone who grew up with a very murky self image and a difficulty interpreting social situations, rika lived most of her early life essentially "acting" the way she believed others would respond well to, which resulted in her easily adapting to doing the same for the cameras. she went on to have a very prolific child acting career without really settling into a niche. As a teenager she took her first steps into stage acting, playing juliet capulet at 16 in a moving and extremely impressive performance, and later at 18 performing a striking and memorable female hamlet. her deep and rich voice has also landed her several voice acting roles. her personality offstage has solidified a lot more since her younger years, although she doesn't go out of her way to talk to anyone, fan or otherwise. when approached, she is polite, gentle, and humble, although she has trouble separating her image as a celebrity from that of her as a person and thus it is extremely difficult to get to know her. KENJI MINAMOTO: an eccentric and a bit airheaded olympic fencer whose strange insistence on not wearing protective gear during practice (he believes it makes him better by giving him a stronger motivation to not get hit) has earned him many a scar over the years, and has left at least half of his joints in braces at any given time. he follows his own bushido-esque moral code (the details of which he will not tell anyone), although he will not put himself above whapping the occasional really annoying person in the ankles. his épée is his best friend and he carries it most everywhere. most of the scars on his face and hands are actually from trying to put in his very sharp industrial piercings while drunk. despite his oddities, his light-footed and elegant ambidextrous fencing has been compared by many to a graceful dance, and although in many respects he comes across as dumb, on the court his mind is laser-focused and unbelievably quick and analytic. AMANE BECKE: a more lowkey type of talented than her fellow contestants, amane hasn't won any major competitions, been on tv, set any records, or anything of that sort. she does, however, run what is widely considered the best bakery in japan. based out of nagano and the daughter of a swiss pastry chef, amane has a natural talent for baking nurtured through over a decade of dedication and love for the craft. she excels at interesting flavor combinations, but her true genius is in her classic, feel-good baked goods. many say that the things she bakes just taste like home and warmth. amane is as warm and sweet as her creations, but with a spark of wit and mad-scientist-y genius that make her an entertaining joy to watch work, if a little overbearing to talk to. EISUKE ITOU: eisuke grew up sewing clothes for his younger sisters barbie dolls, and he particularly loved dressmaking. he gained exposure in his first year of highschool by handmaking gorgeous outfits for his class's booth at the school festival, and, through application to various junior fashion competitions, he was eventually noticed by a big-name designer in paris. however, he found learning french next to impossible and has spent the year prior to the game in relative isolation, unable to have any real human conversation. his psychological state was fairly severely impacted by his long hours spent sewing and designing on internship with no company to get him by, and he is now debilitatingly socially anxious and finds conversation difficult and awkward. MAYA HANABAYASHI: maya spent her early teens with only a passing interest in survival-based media, having enjoyed hunger games and similar media, but not to the point of obsession. however, when traveling on a plane with her father back from visiting family in las vegas, she found herself in a similar situation when their plane went down in a heavily forested area of california, leaving a seventeen year old maya as the only survivor. with only a swiss army knife and a lipstick-shaped stun gun gifted to her by her father to feel safer during their stay in vegas, she survived alone in the woods hatchet-style for six months until late fall, when the fallen leaves made her campfire coincidentally visible to a very observant park ranger on firewatch. after being rescued and returned home to japan, maya found it extremely difficult to readjust to normal life. her thick and warm camo jacket, more a fashion statement when she was wearing it originally, was lifesaver to her during the cold spring, and she she can't bring herself to separate from it even with multiple rips and burns in the fabric. she has refused multiple book deals due to still being heavily traumatized, but after a long period of deliberation decided to go on the show as a way of finally moving forward and acknowledging it. maya isn't exactly socially anxious, but rather closed off and disconnected. JUN TENSEI: born jun harada, many believe that his spiritual connection is the real deal, but a few critics hold that he is most likely just an incredibly talented bluffer. the real truth about him is unknown, but many say that his seances do accurately reflect the personalities of their deceased loved ones and help them feel at peace. he is deeply religious, but not to any one traditional faith (although he does use traditional christian symbols such as crucifixes and items such as holy water on occasion). he believes strongly in the power of the soul and its ability to exist beyond death. his voice is soft and almost hypnotic, and he has a penchant for gentle teasing and riddles. he comes off as pretty shady to most, but he's fairly harmless. TOMOKO KAITA: a peppy and outgoing astrology guru who can read your deepest flaws and strengths with just your date and time of birth. known worldwide for her extremely accurate personal horoscopes. despite this, she strongly believes in the ability of an individual to defy their fate through hard work and self improvement. she dislikes giving negative horoscopes, and does her best to focus on the positives that the stars hold in store. her smile brightens the whole room! she is intensely loyal to her friends, to the point of self-sacrificing emotional labor. YUU IROIKE: yuu iroike isn't even his real name, and it's a mystery as to how show staff even tracked down his mailing address to get him on the show. he's a well-known public figure for painting huge, sprawling, colorful murals in tokyo, yet who he really is remains unknown. he paints faster than his murals can be scrubbed away, and has somehow never been prosecuted for vandalism because his graffiti is generally considered an improvment. he's sly, mysterious, and teasing in person, and gets a bit of an itchy trigger finger when he hasn't painted in a while. His skill with spray paint is so great that it seems as if the paint bends to his very will.

#my ocs #my art #fanganronpa #fr #danganronpa oc #danganronpa

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stainedglassgardens · 5 years

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Favourite woman-directed films I saw in 2018

It’s funny because when the year started I thought I could never watch 52 films by women, considering that I usually barely watch fifty films a year, total. Then I watched 306 new-to-me films, out of which 105 were directed by women.

I saw so many good woman-directed films that I thought it would be hard to choose ten to make this list, but then I realised that I only had to include those films that absolutely blew my mind, and bam! Ten already.

Winter’s Bone (Debra Granik, 2010)

On Body and Soul (Testről és lélekről, Ildikó Enyedi, 2017)

We Need to Talk About Kevin (Lynne Ramsay, 2011)

River of Grass (Kelly Reichardt, 1994)

The Midnight Swim (Sarah Adina Smith, 2014)

Raw (Grave, Julia Ducournau, 2016)

M.F.A. (Natalia Leite, 2017)

Daisies (Sedmikrásky, Věra Chytilová, 1966)

Always Shine (Sophia Takal, 2016)

Revenge (Coralie Fargeat, 2017)

Very broadly speaking, these ten can be divided into three categories. There’s gorey, imaginative, feminist genre -- Revenge, M.F.A., Raw; there’s visually and/or narratively boundary-expanding cinema -- Daisies, Always Shine, The Midnight Swim, We Need to Talk About Kevin, On Body and Soul; and then there are the indie stories about marginalised people, which might be my favourites of all -- here, River of Grass and Winter’s Bone.

When 2018 started I had only seen one film by Kelly Reichardt, and none by Debra Granik. Now they’re both among my favourite filmmakers. When I saw my first Kelly Reichardt film, years ago, I thought Wow, some people do make films about actual people. I’ve seen all of them now, and I liked all of them, but it wasn’t that hard picking River of Grass for this list -- there’s something so Carson McCullers, so Flannery O’Connor about the story, and visually it is so dreamlike.

I put Debra Granik together with Kelly Reichardt because their stories feel similar in many ways (and both feel similar to Agnès Varda’s), and seeing Winter’s Bone I was just completely blown away. It’s one of those films I would unreservedly call a masterpiece, and recommend to absolutely everyone. What places it above Leave No Trace (which I put as my number one new release of 2018) is the plot, and the ending especially, both completely surreal and mundane, like a cherry on top of spectacular acting and visuals worthy of Dorothea Lange .

Another slap in the face was We Need to Talk About Kevin. Together with a few other films in this list, it made me ponder what film can really do in terms of creating intricate, media-specific experiences that ultimately serve to provide a more rounded understanding of reality and what it means to be a person. We Need to Talk About Kevin was the first of these and probably had the biggest impact on me. Lynne Ramsay really is one of the few people with a completely unique vision.

I put Daisies, Always Shine, The Midnight Swim and On Body and Soul in the same category, although they don’t have a lot in common with each other, because they all have this aspect of visual and/or narrative boundary-pushing. It is so incredible that Daisies still feels like that to a first-time viewer today, even though it came out more than fifty years ago.

I saw Always Shine and The Midnight Swim around the same time and keep associating them in my mind for the nods to David Lynch, indie feel, and non-linear storytelling. Probably The Midnight Swim impressed me more, because it was the first time (and only, so far) that I saw a first-person narrative that looked quite like that.

On Body and Soul belongs in the same area of this mental map mainly because of the dream sequences. Before I saw it I probably would have found it impossible to talk about dreams in a way that didn’t feel recycled, but this managed just that. The juxtaposition of the wild forest animals at night with the cattle in the slaughterhouse during the day walks such a fine line between surrealism and social commentary, and the slaughterhouse sequences are all filmed with such incredible tact -- which only serves to make them more shocking.

Then there are the great genre films. Raw was fantastic, in part because it is so rare for a French person such as myself to find a French film to her liking, but also because everything about it felt so different -- it is firmly set in the horror genre, but it also draws from such a wide range of influences. M.F.A. and Revenge mirror each other in many ways, because they’re both rape-revenge films, a sub-genre I am incredibly glad and grateful that women are tackling in such interesting and challenging ways. I liked M.F.A. better, maybe, because it felt more real, and the ending better-thought-out, but if anything, I’d recommend a double-feature night to watch both.

Great films that didn’t quite make the cut, in no particular order:

Addicted to Fresno (Jamie Babbit, 2015): best sex comedy about actual grown-ups

I Think We’re Alone Now (Reed Morano, 2018): best post-apocalyptic “everyone is gone from the surface of the Earth but us” film

Ginger & Rosa (Sally Potter, 2012): best Cold-War England drama

Meek’s Cutoff (Kelly Reichardt, 2010) : best contemplative Western

Into the Forest (Patricia Rozema, 2015): best post-apocalyptic survivalist feminist film

Vagabond (Sans toit ni loi, Agnès Varda, 1984) : best film shot in my area of France

Khadak (Peter Brosens and Jessica Hope Woodworth, 2006): best science fiction film that takes place in Mongolia

Over time, I’m finding it easier and easier to watch more woman-directed films, both because I know where to look and because I’ll find it easier to relax and get into any genre at all when I know there’ll be infinitely less chance of rampant misogyny ruining an otherwise perfectly good film. It seems barely believable, now, to think that five years ago I didn’t know one single woman director, when clearly the quality and the variety are there, the work is there, and it stands so tall on its own.

Full 105-film list under the cut!

The Bad Batch (Ana Lily Amirpour, 2016)

Gas Food Lodging (Allison Anders, 1992)

Red Road (Andrea Arnold, 2006)

American Honey (Andrea Arnold, 2016)

A United Kingdom (Amma Asante, 2016)

Addicted to Fresno (Jamie Babbit, 2015)

The Selfish Giant (Clio Barnard, 2013)

Novitiate (Maggie Betts, 2017)

Bird Box (Susanne Bier, 2018)

Blue My Mind (Lisa Brühlmann, 2017)

Daisies (Sedmikrásky, Věra Chytilová, 1966)

The Kindergarten Teacher (Sara Colangelo, 2018)

Valley Girl (Martha Coolidge, 1983)

Palo Alto (Gia Coppola, 2013)

Lick the Star (Sofia Coppola, 1998)

The Beguiled (Sofia Coppola, 2017)

17 GIrls (17 Filles, Delphine Coulin and Muriel Coulin, 2011)

The Edge of Seventeen (Kelly Fremon Craig, 2016)

Bombshell: The Hedy Lamarr Story (Alexandra Dean, 2017)

Madeline’s Madeline (Josephine Decker, 2018)

Desert Hearts (Donna Deitch, 1985)

Raw (Grave, Julia Ducournau, 2016)

On Body and Soul (Testről és lélekről, Ildikó Enyedi, 2017)

Mustang (Deniz Gamze Ergüven, 2015)

Revenge (Coralie Fargeat, 2017)

The Spy Who Dumped Me (Susanna Fogel, 2018)

Deidra and Laney Rob a Train (Sydney Freeland, 2017)

Twinsters (Samantha Futerman and Ryan Miyamoto, 2015)

The Trader (Sovdagari, Tamta Gabrichidze, 2018)

The Lifeguard (Liz W. Garcia, 2013)

Lady Bird (Greta Gerwig, 2017)

They (Anahita Ghazvinizadeh, 2017)

Tig (Kristina Goolsby and Ashley York, 2015)

The Deuce of Spades (Faith Granger, 2011)

Winter’s Bone (Debra Granik, 2010)

Leave No Trace (Debra Granik, 2018)

Casting JonBenet (Kitty Green, 2017)

Fast Times at Ridgemont High (Amy Heckerling, 1982)

Axolotl Overkill (Helene Hegemann, 2017)

The Firefly (La Luciérnaga, Ana Maria Hermida, 2015)

Beach Rats (Eliza Hittman, 2017)

The Fits (Anna Rose Holmer, 2015)

The Land of Steady Habits (Nicole Holofcener, 2018)

Slums of Beverly Hills (Tamara Jenkins, 1998)

Private Life (Tamara Jenkins, 2018)

The Quiet Hour (Stéphanie Joalland, 2014)

Cameraperson (Kirsten Johnson, 2016)

By the Sea (Angelina Jolie, 2015)

Sweet Bean (あん, An, Naomi Kawase, 2015)

Lovesong (So Yong Kim, 2016)

I Feel Pretty (Abby Kohn, 2018)

Radius (Caroline Labrèche and Steeve Léonard, 2017)

Irreplaceable You (Stephanie Laing, 2018)

The Feels (Jenée LaMarque, 2017)

Breathe (Respire, Mélanie Laurent, 2014)

Galveston (Mélanie Laurent, 2018)

Octavio is Dead! (Sook-Yin Lee, 2018)

M.F.A. (Natalia Leite, 2017)

Aloft (Claudia Llosa, 2014)

The Loss of a Teardrop Diamond (Jodie Markell, 2008)

A New Leaf (Elaine May, 1971)

Dude (Olivia Milch, 2018)

The Dressmaker (Jocelyn Moorhouse, 2015)

I Think We’re Alone Now (Reed Morano, 2018)

Woodshock (Kate and Laura Mulleavy, 2017)

Girl Asleep (Rosemary Myers, 2015)

Tout ce qui brille (Géraldine Nakache and Hervé Mimran, 2010)

I Am Not a Witch (Rungano Nyoni, 2017)

Ginger & Rosa (Sally Potter, 2012)

Beneath the Harvest Sky (Aron Gaudet and Gita Pullapilly, 2013)

Angels Wear White (嘉年华, Vivian Qu, 2017)

Cargo (Ben Howling and Yolanda Ramke, 2017)

We Need to Talk About Kevin (Lynne Ramsay, 2011)

You Were Never Really Here (Lynne Ramsay, 2017)

River of Grass (Kelly Reichardt, 1994)

Old Joy (Kelly Reichardt, 2006)

Meek’s Cutoff (Kelly Reichardt, 2010)

Night Moves (Kelly Reichardt, 2013)

Certain Women (Kelly Reichardt, 2016)

Into the Forest (Patricia Rozema, 2015)

Before I Fall (Ry Russo-Young, 2017)

Seeking a Friend for the End of the World (Lorene Scafaria, 2012)

The Riot Club (Lone Scherfig, 2014)

Cracks (Jordan Scott, 2009)

Everything Beautiful is Far Away (Pete Ohs and Andrea Sisson, 2017)

Waitress (Adrienne Shelly, 2007)

Laggies (Lynn Shelton, 2014)

Outside In (Lynn Shelton, 2017)

Berlin Syndrome (Cate Shortland, 2017)

Lipstick Under My Burkha (Alankrita Shrivastava, 2016)

The Midnight Swim (Sarah Adina Smith, 2014)

Buster’s Mal Heart (Sarah Adina Smith, 2016)

The Lure (Córki dancingu, Agnieszka Smoczyńska, 2015)

Always Shine (Sophia Takal, 2016)

Shirkers (Sandi Tan, 2018)

Already Tomorrow in Hong Kong (Emily Ting, 2015)

Kedi (Ceyda Torun, 2016)

Cléo from 5 to 7 (Cléo de 5 à 7, Agnès Varda, 1962)

Vagabond (Sans toit ni loi, Agnès Varda, 1984)

Love, Cecil (Lisa Immordino Vreeland, 2018)

Jupiter Ascending (The Wachowskis, 2015)

Mr. Roosevelt (Noël Wells, 2017)

Woman Walks Ahead (Susanna White, 2017)

Khadak (Peter Brosens and Jessica Hope Woodworth, 2006)

Salesman (Albert Maysles, David Maysles and Charlotte Zwerin, 1969)

#women directors #52 films by women #films #2018 in review

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bluewatsons · 4 years

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Sara C. Owczarczak-Garstecka et al., Exploration of Perceptions of Dog Bites among YouTubeTM Viewers and Attributions of Blame, 31 Anthrozoös 537 (2018)

Abstract

Dog bites are a human public health and dog welfare problem. this qualitative study is the first to use YoutubeTM to examine how viewers perceive risk of, and attribute blame for, dog bites. Comments underneath 10 videos, chosen to represent a diversity of dog-bite scenarios, were analyzed inductively using thematic analysis. Six themes emerged: 1) Commentators thought that dogs are inherently good-natured but wild animals and emphasized how dogs try to avoid biting people; 2) all recognized breeds of dogs were stereotyped and breed stereotypes were used to shift the blame away from the dog and onto a bite victim, unless the dog identified in a video was a pit bull type. the dog was often blamed in such case; 3) It was argued that a breed limits the extent to which a dog can be trained and controlled; 4) Owners/handlers were often blamed for bites due to their inability to control the dog, and commentators identified the need for appropriate training and socialization in order to control dogs and reduce bite risk; 5) Bite victims were also blamed for the bites when their behavior was perceived as provoking a dog. although children’s behavior was identified as causing a risk, parents of children bitten in the videos were blamed for bites instead due to their approach to child supervision; 6) Bites in a range of contexts, such as play or when viewers thought that the victim’s behavior provoked a dog, were seen as well-deserved and normal. It was concluded that although comments on publicly available videos need to be interpreted with caution due to a self-selection bias, their analysis can help to identify attitudes and perceptions towards risk around dogs that could aid bite prevention interventions and policies.

Dogs are a common presence in many societies; for example, 1 in 4 households in the UK own a pet dog (Murray et al., 2010). however, every day in England and Wales at least 20 people are hospitalized due to dog bites (Winter, 2015). Dog bites are a global public health problem (Coppinger & Feinstein, 2015). aside from the cost to the victim in terms of the physical injuries and emotional distress, dog bites incur an economic burden on: the National health Service (Mannion & Graham, 2016); businesses whose employees are bitten at work (Langley, 2012); courts that hold hearings regarding dog bites; and the police, as seized dogs are kept in police kennels (Jones, 2015). moreover, dog bites have a negative impact on the welfare of dogs. a bite can lead to changes in the way a dog is managed, and dogs that bite are more likely to be relinquished to a dog shelter (Kass, New, Scarlett, & Salman, 2001) or euthanized (BVA, 2016) than dogs that do not bite.

Most studies into dog bites are conducted within an epidemiological framework that strives to understand their broad patterns: where and when bites take place and what the characteristics of the victims and the dogs are (Overall & love, 2001). however, in terms of the prevention of dog bites occurring in the first place, perhaps of more importance are the ways in which people perceive the risk of dog bites; for example, how their understanding of dog and human behavior and their environmental influences shape the way they identify and manage this perceived risk. this has received less attention, but the perception of risk of dog bites is important to explore as personal attitudes and perceptions are associated with subsequent behaviors (Ajzen, 1991), which could include behaviors around dogs. therefore, greater knowledge of societal and individual attitudes regarding dog bites may help to inform how best to prevent them.

The cultural theory of risk and blame proposed by Mary Douglas and her collaborators informs our study. Douglas (1992) proposed that there are numerous hazards and dangers, but public attention tends to focus on just a few. the patterns of identifying risk and attributing blame are not universal—concerns over danger, risk, and safety are instead informed by the political context, social structures, the media, and moral norms valued within a given society (Douglas, 1992). For instance, in a society where the environment is seen as fragile, nuclear energy may be seen as a risk, whereas in a society where the environment is perceived as robust and capable of re-generating itself, nuclear energy may be perceived primarily as a resource (Douglas & Wildavsky, 1983). therefore, identification of risk always reflects what a society or a group perceives to be at stake (Douglas & Wildavsky, 1983). Consequently, the process of risk identification contributes to defining what is acceptable, valuable, and normal (Rescher, 1982). these norms are also reinforced by regulating risks and identifying those who can be blamed for them (Rescher, 1982).

A range of factors shape how people understand and predict dog behavior (e.g., Tami & Gallagher, 2009; Wan, Bolger, & Champagne, 2012). Breed familiarity can reduce the perceived risk an individual dog of that breed presents. For example, a lack of experience with bull breeds is linked to being more likely to describe these dogs as aggressive (Clarke, Cooper, & Mills, 2013). moreover, when the same dog is described as a terrier, people expect it to be more aggressive than when it is classed as a toy breed (Clarke, Mills, & Cooper, 2016), which indicates that people stereotype the risk associated with certain types of dogs and not just particular breeds. Different representations of German Shepherds in photographs and text can also change how individuals assess the risk posed by these dogs (Wells, Morrison, & hepper, 2012). Breed label alone can influence how dogs are perceived—dogs labelled as pit bulls are rated as more dangerous, less friendly, and less likely to be rehomed by prospective adopters than lookalike dogs presented without a breed label (Gunter, Barber, & Wynne, 2016). this suggests that peoples’ perceptions of breeds/dog types are affected by their prior knowledge and experiences with dogs and the dog’s visual characteristics.

Studies suggest that people perceive and understand dog bites and severity of a bite in different ways, making it difficult to identify universally applicable prevention strategies. For example, a study of women bitten by dogs found that there was not a single definition of a bite (Westgarth & Watkins, 2015). moreover, in an ethnographic study, practicing vets were found to often re-construct minor bites as “just nips,” and in some cases deny being bitten even when a bite was observed (Sanders, 1994, p. 52). Victims can rationalize bites as “just one of those things,” something expected when interacting with dogs, reflecting a degree of acceptance and apathy regarding dog bites (Westgarth & Watkins, 2015, p. 486). Further- more, dog owners and dog professionals alike often rationalize aggressive behaviors of dogs and, depending on the context in which it was shown and an owner’s relationship with a dog, can see it as justified (Orritt, Gross, & hogue, 2015).

Risk and blame have to be understood together, as defining blame is a part of a process of justifying why something poses a risk (Douglas & Wildavsky, 1983). Previous research indi- cates that bite victims rarely blame the dog—they blame themselves or the owner instead (Westgarth & Watkins, 2015). tracing how blame is attributed helps to provide insight into bite perception, as to ascribe blame it is necessary to define a causal relationship between different actors—a process by which a harms B (Douglas, 1992).

The aim of this study was to further explore how individuals interpret and give meaning to why they thought dog bites happen, by using YoutubeTM videos of bites and the comments left under them. YoutubeTM is a video sharing platform that has previously been used to explore users’ perceptions of dog behavior (Burn, 2011; Preston, Shihab, & Volk, 2013) and to study human–dog interactions (Payne, Bennett, & mcGreevy, 2016; Salgirli Demirbas et al., 2016). YoutubeTM offers a unique opportunity to observe actual bites, and although not all YoutubeTM users comment on videos, it presents a chance to study diverse perceptions and interactions that the video provokes. Our analysis was guided by two research questions:

What are the perceptions of risk in YoutubeTM users’ comments?

How, if at all, do YoutubeTM viewers attribute blame for the bites?

Here we analyze comments under YoutubeTM videos of dog bites to explore what viewers identify as risks during human–dog interaction and how they assign blame for a bite. We discuss our findings with reference to the cultural-symbolic theory of risk and blame.

Methods

YoutubeTM videos of dog bites were identified using search terms: “dog bite,” “dog attack,” “dog bites baby,” “dog bites man,” “dog bites woman,” “dog bites child,” “dog attacks man,” “dog attacks woman,” “dog attacks child,” and “kid gets bitten.” this search retrieved over 14 million videos, therefore to manage these data, only the first 10 pages corresponding to each of these search terms were watched. the videos were then checked to ensure they depicted a dog bite to a human (defined here as dog holding a person’s body part in the mouth and applying visible pressure, reflected in e.g., the person’s vocalizations or facial expressions indicative of pain). One hundred and forty-three videos met these criteria, and 10 videos were then chosen for analysis using purposive sampling to reflect a diversity of bite contexts, victim demographics, variety of dog breeds/types, range of bite severities, and different popularity on YoutubeTM (for a summary of the videos, see table 1). For nine videos, all comments were analyzed; the 10th video had substantially more comments than others so a random 20 pages per year since it was first listed on YoutubeTM were analyzed. all comments were included in the transcripts, including the “trolling” or “hating” comments, which often did not relate to the video. trolling/hating comments are spiteful comments usually left to provoke other users (McCosker, 2014). they were included in the analysis as they provided a context for the interpretation of other comments by highlighting content which provokes particularly emotive responses and areas over which users may disagree. Comments were ordered chronologically and comments posted until march 2016 were included. the earliest video was posted in march 2008 and the latest in January 2016.

Thematic analysis was deemed to be the most suitable method of data analysis as through the process of systematic data coding the key themes around users’ interpretations of videos and perceptions of risk and blame can be identified and summarized (Braun & Clarke, 2014). this type of analysis encourages a flexible approach to defining codes and developing themes (Braun & Clarke, 2014), which we thought was advantageous, given that little theoretical work has been done on working with YoutubeTM data.

Analysis was conducted using NVivo software (Castleberry, 2014). to identify key themes within the comments, a third of all comments across all videos were first coded with latent codes; that is, codes that relate to underlying ideas and patterns, line by line. the codes were reviewed, compared, and summarized, and a conceptual coding framework was developed. this framework was applied to all of the data in a recursive manner, reviewing and modifying the framework during the coding process. the prevalent ideas were finally summarized under common themes (Ryan & Bernard, 2003), which we defined as relating to the research questions and capturing an important pattern within the data rather than expressing simple frequency of occurrence (Braun & Clarke, 2014).

Table 1. Summary of YouTubeTM videos of dog bites analyzed (comments count and thumbs up/ down noted in March 2016).

Ethical Statement

All videos were in the public domain and were used in accordance with YoutubeTM regulations. therefore, ethical approval from the University Ethics Committee was not required for this project. Prior to the analysis, user names and other elements that could facilitate individual user identification were removed from the document. to protect anonymity of users who would not be able to give consent to be a part of this study, instead of providing links to the videos, the content of the videos is summarized in table 1.

Results

Six key themes that illustrate viewers’ perceptions were identified: “the nature of a dog,” “controlling dogs,” “breed determinism,” “bad owners/bad parents,” “blaming the victim,” and “normalizing bites.” the themes are presented in table 2 and discussed below. Risk identification and blame attribution are considered jointly as they were connected in viewers’ comments and often used to justify one another. Unless otherwise specified, the themes were recognized in comments under all videos.

The Nature of a Dog

It was clear from the comments that viewers acknowledged that dogs were a source of risk but rarely blamed them for the bite. most viewers believed that dogs are inherently good- natured. For example, dogs were often described as “amazing and caring,” “loyal,” “clever,” “loving,” and “pure.” adult dogs were often referred to as “puppies” and viewers argued that dogs are noble and deserve respect. What it is to be a dog is dichotomized into two parts: when explaining a bite, viewers pointed out that dogs are also “just animals,” “descendants of wolves,” “driven by instincts” and argued that the wild side of dogs, which is out of their control and distinct from their positive nature, is a reason for bites. however, in conflict with this perception, most viewers simultaneously did not see a bite as a behavior that a dog wants to perform. they referred to a dog’s body language (e.g., being still or tense, not wagging the tail, tuning away from the person) to argue that dogs do whatever they can to avoid biting. there was a mostly positive view of dogs and the conflicting perceptions that dogs both lack agency over their biting behavior and do have control and try not to do it. these perceptions were the basis for deflecting blame for the bite away from the dog. a previous study noted a similar bias in interpreting dog agency: participants identified dogs as in control of their behavior when initiating play but not when biting a person. an analogical bias in agency intention attribution was not observed for human subjects in the same context (Rasmussen & Rajecki, 1995).

Table 2. Summary of the coding framework.

Controlling Dogs

Some viewers argued that through appropriate training and socialization the wild side of dogs could be brought under control. training and socialization were therefore seen as a crucial part of dogs’ enculturation into human life; that is, a process by which dogs learn the requirements of living within human culture and behaving in a way that is congruent with its norms. training and socialization were perceived as social practices that give dogs agency and control over their behavior, if done correctly. however, viewers disagreed over what are the appropriate training and socialization methods and saw some approaches, in particular where a dog was treated like a person or a toy, as inappropriate. One viewer commented:

Retards who get chihuahuas always treat them like toys instead of living animals, so they always end up acting vile since they’ve never been taught how to behave. (Video no. 4)

Moreover, the effects of training were thought to be reversible and training was often discussed as something that needs constant work. For instance, one user said: “it’s an animal, left untrained it will become a wild animal” (video no. 5), and another user added:

you need to train that rat over and over again and the moment it slips you need to get back at it or they turn nasty. (Video no. 4)

Safety of dogs was therefore seen as only temporary (as long as they were well trained) and control over them was understood as a dynamic process, a practice that requires constant work to be maintained.

Breed Determinism

All breeds or types of dogs that viewers recognized were stereotyped. For instance, some viewers thought that Chihuahuas were aggressive because breeding for a diminutive size compromised the dog’s temperament. however, most of the time the stereotypes were used to shift the blame away from a dog and to attribute it to the victim or owner who was thought to be at fault for not knowing about the breed predispositions. For instance, one viewer said:

(...) what idiot walks in front of an agitated German Shepherd. that’s like grab- bing an electric fence, you don’t (...) do it. (Video no. 7)

Viewers’ reliance on breed stereotypes could lead to a greater acceptance of dangerous behavior in some dogs. this is problematic as a delay in behavior intervention often means a poor prognosis for a behavior improvement (mills, Dube, & Zulch, 2012).

Blaming dogs for a bite was rare and only occurred when the viewers thought that the dogs involved were Pit bulls or Pit bull types. these sentiments were particularly visible under a video with two large bull-breed type dogs; however, references to this portrayal of pit bulls featured in comments under all videos. For these viewers breed was a limit to how much they thought a dog can be controlled through training, and their behavior was often discussed as inflexible, pre-determined by their genetics and history of being bred for fighting. For example, one viewer commented:

Pit Bulls—all of them—are notoriously vicious and hateful. I’m real tired of the owner/breed theory. they attack people until they are mauled, and are proud of what they’ve accomplished ... (Video no. 1)

Some viewers argued against these stereotypes by sharing stories of owning or interacting with a Pit bull that was “a big softy” and “would never hurt a fly” even when provoked. historically, within the Western media Pit bulls have been described as hyper-aggressive, vicious, and demonic more often than other breeds (Cohen & Richardson, 2002; McCarthy, 2016).

Bad Owners, Bad Parents

Even though the viewers generally recognized the dogs as the source of the bite risk, they usually blamed the owners or victims for bites. Owners were blamed when they were perceived as unable to control a dog, lacking the knowledge or awareness of the dog’s behavior, or having inadequate physical strength to control the dog. For instance, one viewer said:

If that owner didn’t see that coming ... incredible ... he should have instructed the reporter how to approach the dog, as he is supposed to know how these dogs react to certain behavior. (Video no. 10)

Owners who also appeared to be the parents of the children bitten in videos were additionally identified as bad parents and blamed for the bite, even if the bite was also thought to occur due to the child’s behavior:

this is completely the parents fault not the dog!!! Why are u allowing ur child to climb on the fkn dog to begin with this is not appropriate behavior but it is appropriate for the dog to nip n say get the fk off me (...)!!! (Video no. 8)

This viewer lists a number of behaviors that they thought the child did to cause a bite; they attribute blame for the bite to the parents. Viewers blamed the parents for not controlling the child around the dog, not controlling the dog, or simply allowing the interaction to carry on for too long. For instance, a number of bites to children observed were perceived to occur during “play” between the dog and child, and although viewers argued that play bites were not serious and could not cause harm, they still thought that parents should have prevented play bites or interrupted the child–dog interaction earlier.

Blaming the Victim

Victims’ behaviors such as being too close to a dog, walking directly towards a dog, not allowing a dog to have space, and touching a dog’s neck, throat, or top of the head were thought to show that a person lacked knowledge about dog behavior, or willfully ignored it:

You have to be really stupid to walk up to a dog on a leash the way he did and start petting it. (Video no. 3)

Victim behaviors were often discussed as the reasons for a bite. a person showing these behaviors was identified as a cause of the risk and blamed for causing a bite. Furthermore, viewers felt these behaviors to be disrespectful to the dog and perceived the ensuing bite as inevitable and a lesson to learn from. For example, one viewer said:

You can’t blame dog, the [person bitten] deserved what he got (Video no. 7)

Bites as a Normal Part of Human–Dog Interactions

Viewers downplayed the risk of bites in some contexts, in particular play. One viewer said:

[B]asically if you want to play with dogs or even act like an alpha dog, you have to be able to take a bite now and then. (Video no. 9)

Play bites were often perceived as a normal and permitted part of human–dog interactions. Viewers felt that what they observed was “not an aggressive bite” (videos no. 6, 9), which suggests that viewers downplayed these bites.

In addition to defining the risk of play bites as low or acceptable, the legitimacy of the risk posed by biting dogs in contexts other than play was also questioned. this is seen in the language users used to describe bites; for instance, some were referred to as “nips” or “nibbles” (e.g., videos 2, 6, 7, 10). Bites in other contexts were also sometimes normalized. For instance, bites that followed from interactions with dogs that were thought to have received specialist training (e.g., for protection or police work) were said to be expected and fair as the dog was perceived to be doing what it was trained for. Some viewers argued that bites by trained dogs are normal, even if they occur outside of the context for which dogs were trained to bite. Other viewers opposed this view, saying that regardless of the specialist training that the dog received it is not acceptable for them to bite outside of these contexts and the owner should always be able to control the dog’s behavior in public. Normalization of bites could be detrimental to bite prevention, as risks that are seen as normal may be perceived as unavoidable, impossible to manage or reduce through changes in behaviors or practices around dogs (Westgarth & Watkins, 2015).

Discussion

In this study, we analyzed comments written in response to 10 YoutubeTM videos to explore the perceptions of risk in human–dog interactions and the way blame for bites was attributed.

Dog bites result from a complex integration of factors such as dog and human behavior, their history, knowledge, and the environment in which the interactions are taking place (mills et al., 2012). a dog that frequently interacts with a child safely may bite the same child in a course of routine interactions if, for instance, it experienced something distressing prior to meeting the child (e.g., loud noises). although each of these elements could potentially be used to explain why the bite occurred and to attribute blame for it, here we observed that YoutubeTM users focus primarily on a person’s behavior around the dog, and how child–dog interactions are supervised, but with some allowance for the dog’s nature, breed, training, and socialization. the comments on YoutubeTM reflect therefore what viewers perceived as important risks in human–dog interactions (Douglas & Wildavsky, 1983). Risk of bites and attribution of blame for bites was perceived in a reductive manner and becomes seen as more concrete, predictable, and well understood than they may actually be. For instance, dogs that were trained and socialized were perceived as safe and those that lacked training were perceived as a risk. Perception of risk was also aligned with dog breed, whereas evidence suggests that within-breed variation in behavior is substantial (Mehrkam & Wynne, 2014); thus, using breed to predict risk may be inaccurate. Joffe (1999) argued that people discuss risk in a way that helps them to feel protected from a threat, rather than to reflect facts or cold calculations and simplifying and reducing the complexity of risk of bites to individual factors could achieve this aim. the focus on breed specifically can also be explained with reference to the theory of risk (Douglas & Wildavsky, 1983), which states that opinions regarding what constitutes risk depend on what a person or a social group considers as normal and valuable. therefore, for instance, viewers who like or know Pit bulls might be less likely to blame the breed as they value these dogs (Clarke et al., 2013), whereas viewers unfamiliar with the breed may emphasize risk posed by the breed itself. Overall, viewers’ perceptions share similarities with the risk factors for bites identified through epidemiological studies; that is, dogs’ demographic characteristics, interactions preceding the bite, victim demographics, the relationship between the person and the dog, and features of the physical environment where the interactions are taking place (Overall & love, 2001).

the understanding of risk and blame is usually dependent on the cultural and social context within which the judgement is made (Douglas & Wildavsky, 1983). this could not be fully explored here as it was not possible to contextualize the comments of YoutubeTM users, which is a limitation of this study. however, as YoutubeTM attracts viewers from around the world, the cultural diversity could play a part in differences in perceptions regarding, for example, breed determinism, normalcy of bites, or the extent to which an individual can be held accountable for their behavior. moreover, given that reasons for dog bites may not always be clear, dis- agreements and contradictions regarding what constitutes risk, why bites occur, and who should be blamed are to be expected. Previous research suggests that many bites may not always be easily prevented; for instance, because the victim did not know what they were doing before the bite or what provoked it, or they did know it was a risk situation but continued anyway for various reasons (Westgarth & Watkins, 2015). In contrast, our analysis suggests that dog bites are perceived to be avoidable accidents and those thought to be responsible for them (e.g., parents or owners of dogs) are blamed. this may be detrimental to risk reduction as it may encourage stigmatization of bite victims and owners of dogs that bite, which can discourage them from seeking help or reporting bites. the multiplicity of views regarding why bites occur and who is responsible for maintaining safety make the development of a bite prevention campaign challenging, and illustrates the need for any such campaign to be audience-specific and multi-level.

Following from the cultural-symbolic theory of risk, the pattern of blame attribution for dog bites reflects viewers’ understanding of the causal mechanisms behind bites (Douglas & Wildavsky, 1983). here, these mechanisms included: victim’s behavior and owner’s ability to control the dog which was perceived as conditional on owner’s personality, knowledge of dog behavior, dog handling skills, and physical strength. although risk identification was used to articulate blame attribution, risk and blame were also seen as separate. Dogs and children were identified as sources of risk, but with the exception of pit bulls, the blame for the bite was not attributed to them. the bite victims, their parents, or dog owners were blamed instead. Shaver (1985) argued that an actor has to be perceived as being responsible in order to be blamed. to do so, the actor has to be aware of the consequences of their actions, able to act differently in the given circumstances, and the person judging needs to be sure that the actor’s actions were not accidental (Shaver, 1985). It is clear from viewers’ comments that they do not see dogs or children as responsible for a bite in this sense and do not blame either of them. Risk management was nonetheless seen largely as an individual responsibility. For example, viewers argued that through knowledge of dog behavior, training and socialization, and appropriate control over one’s own behavior around dogs, individuals could prevent bites. the prevalence of dog bites is correlated with an area’s levels of economic deprivation, with more underprivileged areas observing more bites (Winter, 2015). this suggests that structural fac- tors also contribute to bite risk and understanding these is important for bite prevention. Emphasis on individual responsibility for bites makes it hard to consider the complexities of structural factors influencing dog bites; for example, socio-economic circumstances which lead to a situation in which training a dog to be aggressive may be perceived as necessary. moreover, public health prevention approaches that strive to change individual behaviors are far less successful than programs that address underlying causes at a population level (Frieden, 2010). In the case of dog bites, structural interventions could include, for example, selective breeding of dogs with stable temperaments, policies regarding muzzling and exercising dogs in public and fencing used to secure powerful breeds when in the yard, or programs that facilitate structured socialization and training. Future research into dog bites should explore how the structural factors could help to explain inequalities in bite risk, so that these can be addressed. Efforts should also be made to develop policies that operate at a population level and to shift the perception of bite prevention as a solely individual responsibility. Support systems should also be developed for owners of dogs that have bitten as well as dog bite victims and parents of children who have been bitten.

Strengths and Limitations

It is difficult to assess how generally representative the population of YoutubeTM users we studied is. however, YoutubeTM users represent a demographically diverse population in respect to gender, age, ethnicity, and nationality (Ulges, Borth, & Koch, 2013), which suggests that the range of perceptions we studied is fairly broad. Viewers can also respond to each other’s comments and this dialogue can help to illustrate the lines of disagreement. moreover, comments are likely to be typed up soon after viewing the video, and as users use aliases and pseudonyms, they can be less self-moderated than comments offered in a face-to-face interview.

Nevertheless, as it is impossible to further clarify users’ comments, it is sometimes difficult to separate trolling comments from strong views, and a number of comments were ambiguous. Further, not all YoutubeTM users watch videos of dog bites, and even fewer leave comments. moreover, only comments typed in English were analyzed here and it is plausible that perceptions of non-native (English) speakers were different to those analyzed. the sample used here may also be biased due to self-selection as not everyone uses YoutubeTM and leaves comments under videos. Finally, although a large number of comments was analyzed, our study only examined 10 videos. Future work should use qualitative approaches to further explore perception of dog bites and risk in human–dog interactions, taking into account individual contexts.

Conclusions

In this study we identified the perceptions of risk in YoutubeTM users’ comments and patterns of blame attribution for dog bites. We argue that the perception of risk in dog bites is a subjective, culturally-specific process and that the way in which blame for bites is assigned reflects what an individual considers to be a reason behind a bite. Viewers rarely blamed dogs for the bite as they did not see dogs as agents responsible for their behavior. Dog owners and bite victims were blamed instead, as they were perceived as able to prevent a bite through control and lack of provocation. Dog bites and bite prevention were seen as largely of individual responsibility, and risk of bites was often seen as simple and the interplay between multiple contributing factors was rarely acknowledged. although YoutubeTM videos need to be carefully interpreted, their analysis can help to identify attitudes and perceptions of risk around dogs that could aid bite prevention interventions and policies. Further consideration needs to be given to how individuals perceive responsibility and how they attribute blame for the bite incidents, as this could have a significant impact on the bite prevention messages. We suggest that more recognition needs to be given to bites as complex events that cannot be prevented through simple changes in individual behavior. Instead, a structural approach to bite prevention may be required.

Conflicts of Interest

Sara Owczarczak-Garstecka, Rob Christley, and Carri Westgarth have previously been bitten by dogs. No other potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

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#pet ownership #human-animal interaction #animal behavior #blameworthiness #responsibility #dog bites #animal violence #risk perception #youtube #judgment #language #intention #culpability #normalization #violence #animal bites #animal attacks #inductive analysis

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Is a low-salt diet as unhealthy as having too much? - BBC News

You might also like: • We don’t need nearly as much protein as we consume • Is sugar really bad for you? • How cured meats protect us from food poisoning

Guidelines recommend adults have no more than 6g of salt per day. In the UK we consume closer to 8g; in the US, 8.5g.

But only a quarter of our daily intake comes from salt we add into food ourselves – the rest is hidden in the food we buy, including bread, sauces, soups and some cereals.

One meta-analysis found a 17% greater risk of cardiovascular disease from consuming an extra 5g of salt per day

One meta-analysis of 13 studies published over 35 years found a 17% greater risk of total cardiovascular disease and a 23% greater risk of stroke from consuming an extra 5g of salt per day.

As you might expect, cutting salt intake can have the reverse effect. In one eight-year data analysis of blood pressure, other cardiovascular disease risk factors and mean salt intake, researchers found that a decline in salt intake by 1.4g per day was likely to have contributed to a fall in blood pressure – which in turn contributed to the 42% decline in fatal strokes and 40% drop in heart disease-related deaths.

But in a common theme in observational studies such as this one, the researchers also concluded that it was difficult to entirely separate the effects of less salt from other diet and lifestyle behaviours. Those who are more conscious of their salt intake are more likely to eat healthier overall, exercise more and smoke and drink less.

Randomised trials showing salt’s effect on the body are almost impossible to carry out. But there are also no randomised trial for obesity, or smoking, which we know kills you – Francesco Cappuccio

“But there are also no randomised trial for obesity, or smoking, which we know kills you.”

Meanwhile, observational evidence is in abundance. After the Japanese government launched a campaign to persuade people to reduce their salt intake in the late 1960s, intake decreased from 13.5g to 12g per day. Over the same period there were falls in blood pressure and an 80% reduction in stroke mortality. In Finland, daily salt intake dropped from 12g in the late 1970s to as little as 9g by 2002, and there was a 75-80% decrease in deaths from stroke and heart disease in the same period.

Different strokes

But an additional complicating factor is that the effects of salt consumption on blood pressure and heart health differ from one individual to another.

Studies have found that our sensitivity to salt varies from person to person – depending on factors as varied as ethnicity, age, body mass index, health and family history of hypertension. Some studies have found that those with higher salt sensitivity are more at risk of salt-associated high blood pressure.

An optimal level is always found somewhere in the middle – Andrew Mente

“The finding of a sweet spot in the middle is consistent with what you would expect for any essential nutrient… where at high levels you have toxicity and at low levels you have deficiency,” he says. “An optimal level is always found somewhere in the middle.”

But not everyone agrees.

Cappuccio is unequivocal that a reduction in salt consumption reduces blood pressure in everyone – not just people who eat far too much. He says the wave of studies in recent years concluding contrary findings are small, include participants who are already unwell, and rely on flawed data – including Mente’s study, which used a fasting spot urine test on participants instead of the ‘gold standard’ of spreading several tests over a 24-hour period.

There aren’t many people are consuming levels as low as 3g, the level at which some of this research calls dangerously low

This would be difficult to achieve, Stanner says, due to the levels of salt in foods we buy.

“So much of the salt we consume is in everyday foods,” she says. “This is why reformulation across the foods supply is the most successful approach to cut down on national salt levels, as has been the case in the UK.”

Ceu Mateus, senior lecturer in Health Economics at Lancaster University, advises that we should prioritise being aware of hidden salt in our diets rather than trying to avoid it altogether.

“We should be aware that too much salt is really bad, but don’t eliminate it completely from your diet.”

Despite recent studies arguing the potential dangers of a low salt diet, and individual differences in salt sensitivity, the most established takeaway from existing research is that too much salt definitely increases blood pressure.

Take the rest with a pinch of… well, you know.

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If you liked this story, sign up for the weekly bbc.com features newsletter, called “If You Only Read 6 Things This Week”. A handpicked selection of stories from BBC Future, Culture, Capital, and Travel, delivered to your inbox every Friday.

Source: http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20181029-eating-less-salt-benefits

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sovindep · 5 years

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INTRODUCTION TO ROMEO And also JULIET ESSAY

Friar lawrence seemed to be your dying. Whatever you are doing, don’t explain to students they’re carrying out a personality research involving Romeo as well as Juliet. Talk about friar lawrence reccommends the two households, praying which wedded romeo in addition to juliet. When Juliet initial meets Romeo the lady is aware that its romantic relationship will be cursed as it’s the woman’s fortune for you to really like affiliated with the actual adversary domestic.

This kind of generally seems to fuel Tybalt’s feeling of inferiority, in addition to, feeling dissed plus aggrieved, they’re regularly looking for an outlet to help vent his / her rage about Romeo. The particular quick matrimony, inappropriate use of the concoction, failure for you the actual letter, in addition to self-centeredness with the Friar will be the brings about for the accidents that taken place in a enjoy. He or she thinks that will the love possesses stressed the pup. Miscalculation and crashes in addition play a role. Friar Lawrence: Friar Lawrence’s ideas were culpable and also dangerous. Firstly, Friar Lawrence afforded inadequate suggest that encouraged Romeo in addition to Juliet for the drastically wrong paths.

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It is simple to comprehend the mom and dad didn’t allow them marry with the grudge relating to the families. In particular, the belief that Juliet can not take a trip outside by yourself this guide the woman’s pops could prepare a relationship might be tied in within the outdoor patio umbrella with “societal components.” Here’s what our record looked like at the conclusion. Some nights right after the ball, Benvolio plus Mercutio are generally presenting, in respect on the quarrelsome temperature. It absolutely was ones fault. Nonetheless, from the structure in the enjoy, Shakespeare indicate which their job, even though sad, is less blameworthy due to his or her motives to help risk-free contentment. Vehicles kept Juliet at the moment whenever she essential your pet a lot of. Go over friar lawrence reccommends that the a pair of families, wanting which betrothed romeo plus juliet.

Romeo Along with JulietRomeo In addition to JulietRomeo And Juliet Williams Shakespeare’s Affectionate Disaster Romeo in addition to Juliet, is at consider or two fans, Romeo Montague in addition to Juliet Capulet. That can come from different houses, which have been feuding for countless years at this moment. The main problems that matter Romeo as well as Juliet will be the situation passion plus loathe, in addition to defiance associated with dad’s or mom’s wants. Once the a pair of people initially fulfill they have a appreciate as well as don’t like partnership without knowing it. Romeo along with Juliet are significantly depending this tw

R results troubled plus unable to think clearly: Romeo is too younger in addition to intuition to evaluate your situation if it backfired

it has been far too innovative as well as risk-laden (irrespective of it is worthy aspires) and finally ends up together with regrettable consequences

Fate Luck The only real style of which loss shows is usually that the royal in addition to great need to endure. There isn’t any lesson we will draw from disaster that can help united states stop the luck of the protagonist. It is known in which in Shakespeares tragedies the key personas cease to live all things considered. Romeo and also Juliet like a misfortune, arranges an issue the place young children and can in which Romeo as well as Juliet will die in the end. There are numerous situations that lead to their particular fatalities. Your Capulets as well as Montagues share the responsibility for that large involving Rome

Fate Circumstances The only design that will loss explains would be that the altesse plus very good need to go through. There is no session we could combine loss that will aid us avoid the circumstances in the character. It is known of which within Shakespeares tragedies the primary characters perish ultimately. Romeo in addition to Juliet to be a loss, creates a scenario in which could which Romeo and also Juliet are going to cease to live ultimately. There are several activities that lead to the demise. Your Capulets and also Montagues write about the duty for your deaths regarding Rome

Romeo And Juliet: FateRomeo Plus Juliet: Destiny A common style this great loss shows is the fact that respectable and great need to suffer. There isn’t a lessons we are able to draw from misfortune that will aid us all stop the fate of your central figure. You are able to this around Shakespeare\’s disasters the key people kick the bucket in the end. Romeo in addition to Juliet to be a catastrophe, sets up a scenario wherever we understand that will Romeo in addition to Juliet are likely to perish all things considered. There are numerous gatherings that lead to their deaths. The Capulets along with Montagues write about the load for

You won’t don’t forget my family. Due to the fact Friar Sara wouldn’t deliver the letter, Romeo thinks that Juliet will be deceased, sacrifices himself. Directly into discover how its destructive accidents of juliet, this loss occurred friar lawrence forms, and also juliet. WHO Should be to BLAME Even so he wedded all of them for your incorrect motives also it wasn’t his or her duty to interfere with family matters.

Friar lawrence mortally wounded romeo along with juliet essay

A standard romeo in addition to juliet to be able to while tybalt. Look at contemporary romeo juliet key terms: //www. Each along with Mercutio incite hatred and inflame the stress between the two groups. You have got what exactly has been visiting a person, hence rot away with heck! Now i am expected to pin the consequence on$1 Usc article that composition, whenever writing the essay or dissertation help article$2 Complete Article Master of science. One time on the tennis ball, Romeo is hunting for a very first in order to substitute this unrequited love with Rosaline. Anne taylor fleming works with circumstances that must get boasting liberties.

Friar lawrence mortally wounded romeo along with juliet essay

In my view I would guilt your pet regarding harming herself ordinary be quick thus leading to Juliet’s destruction. In the balcony field, and then right after his wedding ceremony night time your dog isn’t going to offer any consideration to exactly what Juliet’s loved ones assume. All through romeo plus juliet fictional investigation dissertation sample essays around the romeo plus juliet. Ecclesiastical management, also, must be used to a greater standard. Benvolio says, Review the woman’s confront with many that I would present,/ And i’ll produce thee assume thy swan a crow.

In romeo and juliet who will be so that you can With romeo plus julietwho is always to Several Should be Pardoned and many Punishd. Who accounts for the particular catastrophe regarding Romeo and Juliet$3 There are plenty of people involved in the catastrophe involving Romeo and Juliet, nevertheless nobody body’s right in charge. The particular tragedy can be started by way of Romeo and Juliet sliding for each other simply because luck has got pre-destined their own meeting. All the other characters lead to helping ultimately a scenes connected with bad luck be held. In the event the feud had not occurred, there’d never b

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Time occasion Romeo as well as Juliet, considered one of the most famed enjoy testimonies of all moments, is a have fun with anchored in time and luck. Many steps are viewed to occur accidentally or even simply by future. The particular the right time for each actions impacts the actual end result of your enjoy. While many gatherings are of a smaller amount magnitude, many are imperative to the creation of this kind of great loss. Your significant functions this inspire in conclusion associated with Romeo as well as Juliet are usually; this Capulet ball, the fight experienced Tybalt and Romeo, and Friar Johns plag

Assign scholars in multiple four.

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Each of them utilize keywords to help purposefully offend the other person. That it was the fault. Excellent dissertation issues short article issues romeo plus your very own existence. This individual falls short of Romeo’s charitable mind-set plus peaceable nature.

Returning to find current instruction procedure from the essay or dissertation touch-ups article not less than. Your woman feigns passing which results in tragedy after the lack of communicating together with Romeo. Romeo arranges the wedding ceremony, in addition to gets the healthcare professional involved with wedding ceremony very. In spite of the quite a few coincidences and also referrals to nirvana along with megastars, Romeo along with Juliet having said that, just isn’t 100 % a tragedy with circumstances.

Life Regarding Philip Tchaikovsky Duration of Cindy Tchaikovsky Everything connected with Andrew d Tchaikovsky Philip Ilyich Tchaikovsky, additionally spelled Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, was given birth to throughout Votkinsk, from the payday loan lenders Vyatka, Paris, May possibly Seven, 1840. Secondly inside a group of five kids and the other little princess, with whom they has been extremely faithful. Once in their very early youngsters when he was a student in university during St. Petersburg and the mom began to get completely to another location, he’d to become organised rear when she started the particular buggy, as well as the second he has been no cost leaped and attempted to retain the added wheels.

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The actual hasty relationship, inappropriate using the potion, failure to transmit your letter, plus selfishness on the Friar are the brings about for your large this took place in your engage in. The Friar doubted Romeo before it starts although they helped the two for you to got married hoping providing their own two family members alongside one another. Even so, this individual thought that this specific https://www.essaywriter.org/ matrimony may carry the 2 main family members in concert along with finish this feud. Presently appreciates the positioning. Ecclesiastical frontrunners, moreover, should be kept to the better conventional. Celebrate your ex satisfied as well as duration, would make the pup unfortunate.

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Friar lawrence slain romeo and also juliet essay

This substantial activities of which inspire the final regarding Romeo and Juliet are; the Capulet ball, the actual quarrel experienced Tybalt and Romeo, in addition to Friar Johns affect. We will probably generate a tailor made paper about Who Should be to Find fault with for your Fatalities associated with Romeo as well as Juliet tailored for an individual for simply 16.38 13.90/page There are plenty of heroes contributed ultimately or mistakenly for being held accountable for their death associated with juliet. Would you have thought a personality investigation of Romeo and also Juliet might have got this kind of profound consequence$10 Provided that it’s too late, this individual knows how irrational he’s already been.

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sherrygorugh · 4 years

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Desert-Island Coffees: What To Drink When You’re Stuck at Home

For most of the world, the first months of 2020 have been a challenging season, with millions across the globe either anticipating, in the throes of, or rebounding from the COVID-19 pandemic. For the past two months, Berkeley, California, where Coffee Review is based, has been under a statewide shelter-in-place order. Whether we’re too busy or not busy enough, we’ve all had time at home to experience our own rhythms, conflicts and synchronicities with the rhythms of others, in-person and remote — and Zoom meetings — lots of Zooming, for kids’ classes, business meetings, wine tastings, and more. If we’re lucky, we will have also had time for reflection, to carve out a bit of contemplative space. Daily, I have been meditating on the potential positives of this frightening time, and my beverage companion for this rumination is — you guessed it — coffee.

The poet John Milton (1608-1674) wrote:

One sip of this Will bathe the drooping spirits in delight Beyond the bliss of dreams.

It is in this spirit that we offer a post-millennial ode to the transformative power of coffee in this unprecedented time, Coffee Review-style. For our May tasting report, we asked many of our roaster colleagues to send in one coffee they would choose as a “desert-island” beverage, a “stuck-at-home” coffee. Here we review 15 coffees that the three of us (Kenneth Davids, Jason Sarley, and I) blind-cupped and scored between 93 and 96, along with narratives (from the roasters and the Coffee Review team) that tell the stories of these coffees from an utterly subjective perspective.

We don’t often dip into our personal preferences here on the site, preferring to offer you our collective sensory analysis skills — and we’ve done that, as usual, with the reviews associated with this report. But the report itself is more about what we love, and why.

The 15 coffees we feature here come from roasters in 9 different U.S. states (Virginia, California, Texas, Hawai’i, New Jersey, Minnesota, Washington, Colorado, and North Carolina) as well as Taiwan and Hong Kong, while their coffees come from even more far-flung places: Ethiopia, Kenya, DR Congo, Rwanda, Hawai’i, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, and Sumatra. What this is virtual coffee map is a testament to, above all, is the diversity of not only what we like to drink but also of all the places in the world that great coffee touches. We’ve always known this, of course, but when we do our typical deep-dive reports on one region, processing method or tree variety, we tend to forget that different coffees offer different experiences for everyone, everywhere.

The 15 roasters who submitted these coffees were given a deceptively simple task: to choose one “desert-island” coffee to enjoy during the time we’re all largely spending at home. Some approached the question from the point-of-view that rare, unusual coffees would fit the bill, while others chose comfort coffees of which they would never tire — classics or homey blends.

Here are the 15 coffees we loved for their wide-ranging “desert island” pleasures.

The Distilled Essence of Sidama Washed Ethiopia Shantawene/Red Rooster Coffee Roaster/Floyd, Virginia (96 points)

Red Rooster’s Ethiopia Shantawene. Courtesy of Tony Greatorex.

Red Rooster Coffee, in the pastoral hamlet of Floyd, Virginia, is on fire with its sourcing, roasting, and community engagement initiatives, consistently putting put some of the finest coffees available. Head roaster Tony Greatorex says, “When thinking about a desert-island coffee, my baseline is Ethiopia. Along with dynamic flavor profiles boasting fruit, florals, and vibrant acidity, they’re often very affordable compared to Geishas coming from Latin America. This unique coffee, which we imported from Catalyst Trade, is screen-sorted to the size designation of 13, while the typical lots we buy would be a variety of screen sizes. The consistent bean size lends itself to very even roasting, making the dialing-in process easier. As for the effect on flavor, it is completely anecdotal, but I feel like removing all other screen sizes distilled the classic Ethiopia profile, bringing into sharp focus its clean, floral sweetness and pleasing acidity. To me, it would be the perfect coffee to keep me going if I found myself stranded on an island, or at home as it were.”

Coffee Review’s Jason’s poetic take: “For those lovers of the classic washed Ethiopia profile, this coffee from Red Rooster hits all the notes — it’s citrusy and bright, floral-toned, and chocolaty, with a monolithic depth of sandalwood and other spices. Like the emergence of sunnier days in these difficult times, coffees like this one can lift us up, promising renewal and joy with every satisfying sip.”

A Classic Blend Taken to New Heights Mocha Java/Thanksgiving Coffee Company/Fort Bragg, California (96 points)

Thanksgiving Coffee’s Mocha Java. Courtesy of Thanksgiving Coffee.

Thanksgiving Coffee has long had a passion for Mocha Java, a blending concept that dates back to the 15th century when coffee from Yemen and from the island of Java were the only coffees produced commercially in the world. This modern twist replaces the Yemen Mocha with a natural- and a washed-process Ethiopia and pairs them with a wet-hulled Sumatra. Roaster Jacob Long says, “We chose to highlight our Mocha Java blend because folks stuck at home can brew up a cup of this coffee, sit back and take a mental vacation to faraway places. We get the opportunity to educate consumers about the early history of Coffea arabica production and trade and answer some common questions like “Is chocolate added to this coffee?” and “Where the heck is Java?” We can talk about the effect of terroir on the cup, the various methods of post-harvest processing, and the fine art of blending coffees together to create a more complex cup.”

Ken, who particularly liked this coffee, says, “An echoing dry, savory, rather chewy depth comes on immediately (from a wet-hulled Sumatra, apparently), and after that a pure, berryish sweetness (from two Ethiopias, a washed process and a natural) emerges and takes over through the finish. That paradoxical second surge of fruit and floral sweetness coming out of a nutty, savory matrix is what impresses me about this coffee. Stay-at-home coffees ought to be overlapping, layered, shifty like this one, so you keep coming back and finding something new.”

A Stunning Sustainable Honey-Processed Guji Organic Suke Quto Ethiopia/Greater Goods Roasting/Austin, Texas (95 points)

Sara Gibson roasting the Ethiopia Suke Quto at Greater Goods Roasting in Austin, Texas. Courtesy of Sara Gibson.

Most coffees from Ethiopia are produced by collectives or groups of smallholding farmers, and quality is mainly controlled at the level of the communal mill that processes them. This coffee is spearheaded by a single farmer, Ato Tesfaye Bekele, who works with neighboring farmers to tend trees planted in the volcanic soil and ensure both crop quality and land stewardship. Greater Goods head roaster, Sara Gibson, says, “This coffee is great for the desert island of the soul that is social distancing because it’s complex, surprising, and totally delish. It mutates in interesting ways when brewed by different methods, so it can keep you endlessly entertained. In cupping, we get notes of papaya, blueberry cheesecake, and a hard-to-pin-down floral note, like rose hips or rose petal tea. The green has organic and Rainforest Alliance certifications.” We here at CR also think it is downright nectar-like, further complicated by an intriguing brambly herbaceousness.

From Kenya to Taiwan, With Love Kenya Tuikit Factory AA/ Kakalove Café/Chia-Yi, Taiwan (95 points)

Kakalove Café’s Kenya Tuikit Factory AA with milk. Courtesy of Caesar Tu.

Owner/roaster Caesar Tu of Kakalove Café in the small city of Chia-Yi, Taiwan is no stranger to Coffee Review’s pages. Across 91 reviews since 2013, Tu’s coffees have ranged in score from 91-96. This Kenya astonished us with its provocative savory-leaning structure and deep, umami-tending flavor profile. While Tu says this Kenya is beautiful as a single-origin espresso, he also says that his customers approach it like they would afternoon tea: “When people are too lazy to use the espresso machine, they brew a toffee-style coffee with 60% coffee and 40% milk.” I tried this method one morning for breakfast with a full-fat, grass-fed local milk and got the concept, reminiscent of a café au lait. I also love this Kenya as a pourover, evocative for me of creosote aromas in the desert, perhaps after a sudden rain.

The Deep and Abiding Comfort of Kona Karen J Kona Red Bourbon/Hula Daddy Kona Coffee/Holualoa, Big Island of Hawai’i (94 points)

Karen Paterson, co-founder of Hula Daddy Coffee, picking Red Bourbon on her farm in Kona. Courtesy of Lee Paterson.

Hawaii is the only coffee-producing region of the U.S. (slowly emerging California notwithstanding), and Kona is its most familiar face. Hula Daddy is one of the producers leading the quality charge there, and its classic Karen J Red Bourbon (named for co-founder Karen Paterson) is the epitome of a comfort coffee. Co-founder Lee Paterson explains, “There is a place for exciting, crazy coffees, like Geisha and Pacamara — but not now. This is a time of great stress and uncertainty. We all need peace and comfort. Karen J Red Bourbon is a sweet coffee with amazing fruit flavors. If you want a feeling of well-being and a mental uplift in a trying time, this is the coffee for you.”

Panama Tropical Paradise Abu Natural Panama Geisha/Klatch Coffee/Los Angeles, California (94 points)

Geisha growing at Abu Farm in Boquete, Panama. Courtesy of Klatch Coffee.

Klatch owner Mike Perry says of this palate-trip of a coffee, “It has so many different flavors, it’s like taking a vacation to a different place with every sip.” We settled on tropical and stone fruit as the core, aromatically rife with papaya and black cherry notes, along with honeysuckle-like florals. Translated into travel, we’ll go for the rainforests of Costa Rica (tropical papaya), Veracruz Mexico for the dark stone fruit, and the American South for honeysuckle. It’s a Spring Break we’ll happily sign up for.

A Rare Variety With Consciously Cultivated Alcohol Notes Colombia Finca Las Margaritas Natural Sudan Rume/modcup/Jersey City, New Jersey (94 points)

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The copper bros gonna work it out..

A post shared by modcup coffee co (@modcupcoffee) on May 4, 2020 at 12:48pm PDT

It’s a love-hate proposition. If you only drink super-clean washed-process coffees without a whisper of ferment, then you might not even recognize this natural-process Sudan Rume as coffee. And if you do, you’ll think it’s an Italian caffè corretto, a shot of espresso spiked with grappa. Go ahead and give it go, perhaps in the afternoon when you’re ready for an early intimation of cocktail hour. Jersey City roaster modcup’s co-founder Travas Clifton says, “We have been holding back the release of this rare microlot for just the right moment. Sourced from Café La Granja in Colombia, this is an incredibly complex coffee unlike anything we’ve ever tasted. This coffee gives us hope during this second month of lockdown.” If you’re already a fan of fruit-bomb naturals, jump aboard for a fruity, chocolaty, heady-fermenty ride.

A Sidra with a Name Like a Song Ecuador Finca Carolina Sidra/Paradise Roasters/Minneapolis, Minnesota (94 points)

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This is Sidra. A very special variety from Ecuador. Nestlé used to operate a coffee breeding station in the Pichincha region of Ecuador. Here they developed hybrids using a variety of Ethiopian heirloom plants. They released a variety after several generations called 'Typica Mejorado'. Despite the name, a hybrid including Ethiopian and Bourbon parents. The station closed many years ago with many other varieties still in various stages of development. One of these unreleased varieties was known as Sidra (sometimes called Bourbon Sidra). Recent genetic testing has shown this to be Ethiopian in background and not related to cultivated typica and bourbon derived plants. This variety had excellent cup quality and was planted by a farmer in Pinchincha – Olger Rogel (pictured above) We visited Olger's farm a couple years ago and featured his Coffea Eugenioides Natural this past December. His 'farm' is really more of a variety garden of dozens of uncommon varieties and hybrids. Olger has been distributing seeds of Sidra to other farmers in Pichincha and more recently to other farms across Ecuador and Latin America. Fausto Romo of Finca Carolina was one such grower who began planting the Sidra variety at his 1300m elevation farm in Pichincha. It is his coffee we are featuring now. As soon as you grind the coffee you can smell that this is something different. Lime zest and Ginger. In the cup sweet and bright with tangerine-like citrus quality. Quite unique. Like the Geisha variety, not all examples at all farms will show the same intensity of unique aromatics, but the best examples like this one are certainly worth seeking out Photo Credit: Olger Rogel

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Why did Paradise owner/roaster Miguel Meza choose this as his desert-island coffee? He says, “To me, this coffee is a glimpse of the future, of hope. A future to look forward to. Sidra is a hybrid of Ethiopian lines which, even at this farm’s modest altitude, produces an exemplary cup. Recently released hybrids like this one, and those in development that incorporate genetics from Ethiopian landraces, offer a lot of promise in terms of flavor profiles, productivity, disease resistance, and adaptability to a changing world. To me this coffee showcases a delicious profile of what our daily cup might taste like many years from now.”

And it’s a delicately complex cup, evocative of bergamot, ginger blossom, cardamom — floral, fruit and spice notes that wake us up ever so gently, with a name as lyrical as a song: Ecuador Finca Carolina Sidra. This might be your new coffee mantra.

Natural Ethiopia Gesha for a Chill Vibe Gesha Village Single-Variety Gesha Special Selection/Plat Coffee Roastery/Hong Kong, China (94 points)

Roasting during the pandemic at Plat Coffee in Hong Kong. Courtesy of Raymond Cheung.

A 180-degree spin on the modcup Sudan Rume, this Gesha Village is as classic as natural, dried-in-the-fruit processed coffee gets. Produced on Adam and Rachel Overton’s Gesha Village estate from trees they planted from seed selected from wild trees of the Geisha variety in the nearby Gori Gesha forest in collaboration with members of the indigenous Meanit community, it’s clean, balanced, pure — a recipe for mental health, perhaps? Plat owner Raymond Cheung describes this cup as reminiscent of “a walk in a garden with the sunlight streaming down. Mellow.” We would agree, and we dig it.

Food-Friendly Nostalgic Congo DR Congo Muungano/ Café Grumpy/Brooklyn, New York (93 points)

Café Grumpy Congo Muungano. Courtesy of Caroline Bell.

Founder/CEO Caroline Bell of Brooklyn’s Café Grumpy says, “Unfortunately, we had to close our cafés on the evening of March 15th, so were uncertain as to how to continue. We decided to launch this coffee, anyway, through our online shop. We have also been drinking it every morning at the roastery. It has been the part of the day we all look forward to the most. Not only does the name Muungano mean ‘togetherness,’ but when we drink it, we appreciate all of the times we were able to share coffee with friends and colleagues. We find this coffee surprising, yet approachable, with a full silky body and notes of strawberry, rhubarb, chocolate-covered fig and creme brûlée. It has been a constant, comforting companion for us.”

It tapped a deep well for Jason, who was catapulted back to childhood memories. The “oceanic” mouthfeel of this “relaxed and enveloping brew” evokes summer swimming for him. And while he enjoyed it on its own, he adds, “This coffee belongs paired with a comforting meal.”

Sultry, Sweet-Savory Sumatra Sumatra Lintong Triple-Picked Reserve/Cloud City Coffee/Seattle, Washington (93 points)

Cloud City’s Sumatra Lintong. Courtesy of Jill Killen.

Cloud City owner Jill Killen says, “I have long enjoyed Sumatran coffees because I believe firmly in meeting a coffee where it is. Sumatran and Indonesian coffees are earthy and savory and usually have great body — I always appreciate those qualities most. But when I find a clean, sweet take on this origin, I am overjoyed. This coffee definitely fits that bill. I chose it for my desert-island coffee because it’s a coffee you can drink every day. It tastes perfect black, but then you try it with milk and you can’t believe the chocolaty nuances that come up. Stuck on a desert island (or at home, as the case may be)? Sumatra Lintong, please.”

For Ken, “This is just a great, classic Sumatra. Those who like traditional Sumatras might drink so much of this one during a long quarantine that they might have to go to detox or a sleep lab afterwards. Sweet, juicy (apricot? black currant?), but enveloped in dry chocolaty, vaguely smoky, malty earth tones. Restful yet intriguing.”

Fourth-Wave Diner Coffee? Colombian/Durango Coffee Company/Durango, Colorado (93 points)

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Our shop on Main Ave is offering delivery service/curbside pickup. If you are within city limits, you can order bagged coffee (whole bean or ground), pastries, or drinks! Place your order at 970-259-1011. Our shop is also open, although we are asking people to refrain from staying to sit and sip their beverages. In this difficult time of social distancing and isolation, let us continue to remain united as a community. Be kind to those around you. ❤️

A post shared by Durango Coffee Company (@durangocoffeecompany) on Mar 17, 2020 at 5:14am PDT

We all liked this coffee, but Ken especially took to it, aptly identifying it as a “Platonic Colombia: Big, roundly bright, classic — diner coffee in heaven.” Carl Rand, Durango’s owner/roaster says, “The intense jammy citrus notes make it a standout, a special treat for those long hours working from home in front of the computer. This coffee is like putting on your furry slippers for a long day of work at home. If this was the only coffee I had while stranded at home, on my desert island, I would be sad to not be able to invite all my friends over to enjoy it with me.” Ken adds, “If you think washed Ethiopias are too perfumy, natural Ethiopias too lush, Kenyas too kinky, Brazils too quiet, then settle in with this one — a classic Latin America-style coffee on steroids.”

Magnolia’s Namesake Trifecta Magnolia Blend/Magnolia Coffee Company/Charlotte, North Carolina (93 points)

Magnolia Blend from Magnolia Coffee Roasters in Charlotte, North Carolina. Courtesy of Magnolia Coffee.

Jay Gestwicki, Magnolia Coffee founder says, “We discovered that three of our coffees we have sourced for years as wonderful single-origin coffees could be combined to create a new harmony of flavors not possible on their own. We used a special coffee from Papua New Guinea to create a medium body and creaminess with dark chocolate notes. We paired it with our direct-trade Costa Rica Naranjo La Rosa to add milk chocolate tones and light citrus notes. Then, we used a touch of our award-winning Costa Rica Cumbres Del Poas Perla Negra to add additional fruit nuance and natural sweetness. Our roaster, Ben Alleman, nailed each roast. He’s a true culinary artist. Magnolia Coffee is currently just the two of us, and we worked together to refine what is a ’masterpiece’ to us, and what we believe others will find comfort in every day.”

The Coffee Review team found it to be an impeccable medium-roasted blend, with all those deep chocolate notes Alleman was going for, with a light, deft touch that brings out layers and layers of fruit.

Under-the-Radar Rwanda Richness Rwanda Gatare Namasheke/Temple Coffee Roasters/Sacramento, California (93 points)

Coffee drying on raised beds in Rwanda. Courtesy of Falcon Coffee/ Brian Speckman

In 1994, the genocide of approximately 657,000 Tutsis by ethnic-majority Hutus pushed international development agencies into an urgent search for ways to bring economic growth and social healing to Rwanda. They found it in the country’s potential for producing high-end specialty coffee: in its Arabica-friendly terroirs, its traditional tree varieties celebrated for their distinctive cup character, and its smallholding, hard-working coffee farmers. In just a few years, Rwanda graduated from minor, overlooked supplier of commodity coffee to celebrated source of distinctive specialty types.

Temple’s Director of Coffee, Ed Whitman, loves coffees from this origin for their distinct but approachable floral, fruity and brown sugar flavors. Because he finds them to be delicious hot or iced, they’re Whitman’s desert-island coffee. We picked up on that characteristic brown sugar note, too, as well as cocoa and stone fruit notes typical of African Great Lakes coffees.

The Faraway Nearby Ethiopia Konga/The WestBean Coffee Roasters/San Diego, California (93 points)

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Enjoy @thewestbean at home + support our staff by purchasing local craft coffee online at thewestbean.com! 15% of all coffee sales are going to our employees. 🙌☕️

A post shared by The WestBean Coffee Roasters (@thewestbean) on Apr 8, 2020 at 9:45am PDT

“We chose this washed Konga as a great “desert island” coffee due to its everyday drinkability,” says Andrew Kerr of The WestBean. He adds, “It has a nice complex mouthfeel and is comforting to wake up with every morning. We have been enjoying it as a Kalita Wave pourover, but it is a really versatile coffee that has been delicious every single way we have brewed it.” We at CR took pleasure in its paradoxical sweet and tart, crisp and fruit-toned cup profile that speaks of distant lands in a familiar voice — fulfilling Rebecca Solnit’s notion of “the faraway nearby.”

Wherever your contemplative and somatic pleasure antennae lead you, these 15 coffees represent some of the very best coffees in the world, and this is the perfect moment in time to channel your sensory prowess and discover where they might take you — virtually, of course.

The post Desert-Island Coffees: What To Drink When You’re Stuck at Home appeared first on Coffee Review.

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stephenmccull · 4 years

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The Inside Story Of How The Bay Area Got Ahead Of The COVID-19 Crisis

Sunday was supposed to be a rare day off for Dr. Tomás Aragón after weeks of working around-the-clock.

Instead, the San Francisco public health officer was jolted awake by an urgent 7:39 a.m. text message from his boss.

“Can you set up a call with San Mateo and Santa Clara health officers this a.m., so we can discuss us all getting on the same page this week with aggressive actions, thanks,” said the message from Dr. Grant Colfax, director of San Francisco’s Department of Public Health.

“Will do, getting up now,” Aragón responded.

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It was March 15, two days before St. Patrick’s Day, a heavy partying holiday and nightmare scenario for public health officials.

The novel coronavirus was spreading stealthily across the San Francisco Bay Area and public health officials were alarmed by the explosion of deaths in Italy and elsewhere around the globe. Silicon Valley would be next, case counts indicated.

Until then, they had primarily focused on banning mass gatherings. But they knew more had to be done — and wanted to present a united front.

Within a few hours of the text, Bay Area public health leaders jumped on a series of calls to debate options, including the most dramatic — a lockdown order that would shutter businesses, isolate families and force millions of residents to stay home.

They decided they had no choice. And they were able to move swiftly because they had a secret weapon: a decades-long alliance seeded in the early days of the AIDS epidemic that shields them from political blowback when they need to make difficult decisions.

Together, they would issue the nation’s first stay-at-home order, likely saving thousands of lives and charting the course for much of the country. Three days later, Gov. Gavin Newsom followed with his own order for California. New York came next, as have dozens of states since.

“This was one exhausting and difficult day for all of us,” Aragón later wrote in his journal. “We all wish we did not have to do this.”

Now, officials nationwide are weighing how to lift isolation orders as the rate of COVID-19 transmission slows — and protests against the orders mount. The Bay Area is again poised to lead, but with a warning: All of this could be for naught if it isn’t done right.

***

The coalition of county public health officers didn’t set out to lock down the Bay Area that fateful Sunday morning in mid-March. But as they discussed the exponential increase in Santa Clara County cases, where the hospitals were becoming overwhelmed by infected patients falling ever sicker, what they needed to do “started to crystalize,” said Dr. Sara Cody, the county’s public health officer.

“It felt huge to me,” she recalled, “because I knew how disruptive it would be.”

Elsewhere in the region, diagnosed cases were sparse. But decades of experience had shown the health officers that while they represent different jurisdictions, they are one region when it comes to infectious diseases. “We knew that it would be a matter of time before that was our experience,” said Dr. Matt Willis, Marin County’s public health officer, who contracted COVID-19 days later.

Cody told her colleagues that Italy was under siege, and her county was just two weeks away from a similar fate. If she could have locked down sooner, she told them, she would have.

“That was compelling,” said Dr. Lisa Hernandez, the public health officer for the city of Berkeley, which had not yet recorded any cases of community transmission. “We knew there was going to be St. Patrick’s Day parades and celebrations, so the timing was critical.”

Dr. Scott Morrow, California’s longest-serving public health officer, who heads operations in San Mateo County, said he also felt the urgency. “We thought, ‘Yes, the clock is ticking,’” he recalled.

County health officers in California have immense power to act independently in the interest of public health, including the authority to issue legally binding directives. They don’t need permission from the governor or mayors or county supervisors to act.

Even for this group, though, with all its collective strength, telling millions of Californians to shelter in place seemed risky at first. But the health officers involved had grown to trust one another, even if they don’t always see eye to eye.

For instance, they currently disagree on whether to require residents to wear face coverings. Some counties, including San Francisco and Marin, are requiring them in public, while others, like Santa Clara, are not.

On the first Sunday morning call, Aragón floated the idea of developing a coordinated recommendation that Bay Area residents stay at home. By the next confab, Cody, Santa Clara County’s health official, made the case that for social distancing to work, it had to be an order.

“Sara Cody was the courageous leader!” Aragón later wrote in his journal.

So forceful a move can be unpopular, but evidence shows it can also be the most effective, in the absence of treatment or a vaccine. “Here’s the rub on these methods — they only work if you do it really early,” said Dr. Howard Markel, a medical historian at the University of Michigan and an expert on the 1918 flu pandemic.

“When you do a quarantine, you stop the commerce, you stop the flow of money,” he said. “But on the other side of that are those whose lives are saved.”

***

This isn’t the group’s first pandemic. The alliance, formally called the Association of Bay Area Health Officials, was born in 1985 in the early days of the AIDS epidemic.

Dr. David Werdegar, who became health officer for San Francisco that year, was analyzing AIDS data for surrounding counties and asked their health officers to join him for dinner at Jack’s, an old bordello-turned-political hangout in the city that has since shuttered.

Most of the infectious disease research was happening in San Francisco at the time, but HIV was spreading, and one city couldn’t fight it alone.

“It was important that we share all the information we had,” said Werdegar, now in his 80s and retired.

Dr. Robert Melton, a former Monterey County health officer, said that working for nearly two decades with Bay Area public health giants taught him tremendous lessons. “Camaraderie is important in maintaining the energy to be able to focus on the common good, through good and bad,” he said.

That close-knit relationship among the 13 health officers — representing counties stretching across a large swath of Northern California from Napa to Monterey — continues to this day. Collectively, their public health actions touch about 8.5 million people.

They meet monthly and communicate regularly on Slack, a messaging app. Their diverse backgrounds and expertise, especially in an era of funding cuts, provide a deep well of public health knowledge from which to draw. Together, the group has joined forces to combat youth vaping, air pollution and measles outbreaks.

And they have also tackled various influenza scares, which is why they had an emergency response blueprint at the ready when cases of what would later be called COVID-19 first cropped up in Wuhan, China.

“We spent a couple years as a region thinking about pandemic planning, and that really helped us come a long way thinking about these policies for COVID-19,” said Dr. Erica Pan, the interim health officer for Alameda County.

So when they jumped on the call that Sunday, they were already in mid-conversation about how to respond. They brought their lawyers and, working into the predawn hours, translated their lockdown plan into legalese, one that would be enforceable with fines and misdemeanor charges.

They would make prime-time announcements across the region the next day, alongside elected officials. “This is not the moment for half-measures,” said San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo. “History won’t forgive us for waiting an hour more.”

At first, the stay-at-home order applied just to the “Big Seven” counties surrounding the San Francisco Bay, whose officers peeled off from the larger group to issue it first. They shared their model ordinance with the others, who quickly followed.

Dr. Gail Newel, an OB-GYN and Santa Cruz County’s health officer, is not an infectious disease expert. She has relied heavily on the group’s expertise throughout her career, and especially now.

“It’s this incredible bank of knowledge and wisdom and experience that’s freely shared among the members,” she said. “And the whole Bay Area benefits by that shared knowledge bank.”

***

Roughly one month after they made the unprecedented decision to close the local economy, the risk seems to have paid off. It will be years before researchers have fully analyzed its impact, but officials across the Bay Area are cautiously optimistic. Others haven’t been so lucky.

Though there are important differences between the two regions, New York City, which issued a stay-at-home order four days after the Bay Area, saw its hospitals completely overwhelmed and had recorded more than 14,600 deaths as of Monday.

By comparison, the counties represented by the alliance have documented more than 215 deaths and hospitals haven’t been overtaken by a surge. In fact, hospitals brought online specifically to accommodate an overflow of patients are sitting largely empty.

Even within California, communities that waited to issue lockdown orders have emerged as COVID-19 hot spots, including Los Angeles, where Mayor Eric Garcetti followed suit three days after the Bay Area.

Internally, some of the Bay Area health officials have wondered if they made the right call. But “anytime I have any doubt, I just read another news report from New York or Detroit or New Orleans,” said Dr. Chris Farnitano, Contra Costa County’s health officer.

And the close-knit band is already undertaking its next task: reopening the economy without causing another spike in cases.

Before the orders are lifted, the officials say there must be rapid, widespread testing across the population. They want to hire disease investigators by the hundreds, if not the thousands, to trace the virus and quarantine those who have been infected. And until there is a vaccine, they may ask people to wear masks in public and continue social distancing, even in bars, restaurants and schools when they reopen.

“I was concerned that we might get a lot of resistance and it might get interpreted as alarmist and overreach,” said Marin County’s Willis. “Time has shown that it was really a vital step to take when we took it.”

This KHN story first published on California Healthline, a service of the California Health Care Foundation.

The Inside Story Of How The Bay Area Got Ahead Of The COVID-19 Crisis published first on https://smartdrinkingweb.weebly.com/

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gordonwilliamsweb · 4 years

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The Inside Story Of How The Bay Area Got Ahead Of The COVID-19 Crisis

Sunday was supposed to be a rare day off for Dr. Tomás Aragón after weeks of working around-the-clock.

Instead, the San Francisco public health officer was jolted awake by an urgent 7:39 a.m. text message from his boss.

“Will do, getting up now,” Aragón responded.

Email Sign-Up

Subscribe to KHN’s free Morning Briefing.

Please confirm your email address below:

It was March 15, two days before St. Patrick’s Day, a heavy partying holiday and nightmare scenario for public health officials.

Until then, they had primarily focused on banning mass gatherings. But they knew more had to be done — and wanted to present a united front.

“This was one exhausting and difficult day for all of us,” Aragón later wrote in his journal. “We all wish we did not have to do this.”

***

“It felt huge to me,” she recalled, “because I knew how disruptive it would be.”

Cody told her colleagues that Italy was under siege, and her county was just two weeks away from a similar fate. If she could have locked down sooner, she told them, she would have.

“Sara Cody was the courageous leader!” Aragón later wrote in his journal.

“When you do a quarantine, you stop the commerce, you stop the flow of money,” he said. “But on the other side of that are those whose lives are saved.”

***

This isn’t the group’s first pandemic. The alliance, formally called the Association of Bay Area Health Officials, was born in 1985 in the early days of the AIDS epidemic.

Most of the infectious disease research was happening in San Francisco at the time, but HIV was spreading, and one city couldn’t fight it alone.

“It was important that we share all the information we had,” said Werdegar, now in his 80s and retired.

Dr. Gail Newel, an OB-GYN and Santa Cruz County’s health officer, is not an infectious disease expert. She has relied heavily on the group’s expertise throughout her career, and especially now.

“It’s this incredible bank of knowledge and wisdom and experience that’s freely shared among the members,” she said. “And the whole Bay Area benefits by that shared knowledge bank.”

***

And the close-knit band is already undertaking its next task: reopening the economy without causing another spike in cases.

This KHN story first published on California Healthline, a service of the California Health Care Foundation.

The Inside Story Of How The Bay Area Got Ahead Of The COVID-19 Crisis published first on https://nootropicspowdersupplier.tumblr.com/

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dinafbrownil · 4 years

Text

The Inside Story Of How The Bay Area Got Ahead Of The COVID-19 Crisis

Sunday was supposed to be a rare day off for Dr. Tomás Aragón after weeks of working around-the-clock.

Instead, the San Francisco public health officer was jolted awake by an urgent 7:39 a.m. text message from his boss.

“Will do, getting up now,” Aragón responded.

Email Sign-Up

Subscribe to KHN’s free Morning Briefing.

Please confirm your email address below:

It was March 15, two days before St. Patrick’s Day, a heavy partying holiday and nightmare scenario for public health officials.

Until then, they had primarily focused on banning mass gatherings. But they knew more had to be done — and wanted to present a united front.

“This was one exhausting and difficult day for all of us,” Aragón later wrote in his journal. “We all wish we did not have to do this.”

***

“It felt huge to me,” she recalled, “because I knew how disruptive it would be.”

Cody told her colleagues that Italy was under siege, and her county was just two weeks away from a similar fate. If she could have locked down sooner, she told them, she would have.

“Sara Cody was the courageous leader!” Aragón later wrote in his journal.

“When you do a quarantine, you stop the commerce, you stop the flow of money,” he said. “But on the other side of that are those whose lives are saved.”

***

This isn’t the group’s first pandemic. The alliance, formally called the Association of Bay Area Health Officials, was born in 1985 in the early days of the AIDS epidemic.

Most of the infectious disease research was happening in San Francisco at the time, but HIV was spreading, and one city couldn’t fight it alone.

“It was important that we share all the information we had,” said Werdegar, now in his 80s and retired.

Dr. Gail Newel, an OB-GYN and Santa Cruz County’s health officer, is not an infectious disease expert. She has relied heavily on the group’s expertise throughout her career, and especially now.

“It’s this incredible bank of knowledge and wisdom and experience that’s freely shared among the members,” she said. “And the whole Bay Area benefits by that shared knowledge bank.”

***

And the close-knit band is already undertaking its next task: reopening the economy without causing another spike in cases.

This KHN story first published on California Healthline, a service of the California Health Care Foundation.

from Updates By Dina https://khn.org/news/the-inside-story-of-how-the-bay-area-got-ahead-of-the-covid-19-crisis/

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wildlyhardphilosopher-blog · 5 years

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how to train my puppy not to bark | How Often and How Long Should you Train Your Dog?,

New Post has been published on https://dogtraining.dknol.com/english/how-to-train-my-puppy-not-to-bark-how-often-and-how-long-should-you-train-your-dog/?utm_source=Tumblr&utm_medium=Tumblr+%230+Freda+K+Pless&utm_campaign=SNAP%2Bfrom%2BBest+Dog+Training

how to train my puppy not to bark | How Often and How Long Should you Train Your Dog?,

Practice behaviors like advanced heel with increased distractions how to housebreak a puppy – the conscious control stage Post Comment 15 Assessment Get Help for Migraine Relief This is a comprehensive course on the basics of modern dog training—”nose-to-tail” coverage from learning theory to practical application and problem-solving, featuring positive reinforcement for better communication.

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Introducing Your New Cat to a Resident Cat Crate Training Your Dog Home » Dog/Puppy Training Christmas May 2, 2017 Tax ID/EIN: 84-0432950 [email protected] Shy Pups If you use method one, and crate train your puppy, you will make rapid progress within three to four weeks. Your puppy is not old enough to manage self-control at first. This means that you need to be in control and set the right framework for your puppy’s potty training routine. You will find that having a basic schedule will make it much easier for you and your dog to succeed faster. Calm Paws (4) End Free Time 20 Minutes Before A Scheduled potty Break Ideal Balance™ Dog Food Some of the most common mistakes dog owners make is trying to force their puppy to do something they don’t want to do, or punishing them when they don’t exhibit desired behaviours. Coastal Training Bell Spot Ons Puerto Rico (Español) Save up to $290.00 Starting at $34.95 $84.95 $34.95–$84.95 Mt. Prospect Golf Club How Can I Get My Dog To Stop Peeing In Her Crate? reply To make sure that you’re able to redirect the puppy’s attention onto something else easily, flood the place with dog toys. The house should look like a bomb went off—a fleecy, rubbery, furry, crunchy, squeaky bomb! You do not want to be more than a few feet from the nearest redirection device. Since you will need toys ALL the time, ensure that they are accessible. Make it easy for the puppy to do the right thing, and hard for the puppy to fail. That means toys are everywhere and easy to find, but electrical cords and other dangers are either high up or blocked off behind ex-pens, gates, furniture, etc. whenever possible. Seahawks You can do this and you won’t be sorry. For puppies 8 – 16 weeks old Turn that puppy monster into the perfect dog you’ve always dreamed about! Everything you need to know about Lab training and basic obedience. z See additional information. When her rear end hits the ground, don’t click/reward right away. Instead, count to two in your head. Then click or say “yes” and give her the treat. You can help your puppy learn to stop whining by not g,oing to him when he whines. By ignoring your puppy, and only giving him attention and praise when he stops whining, he’ll learn that whining and whimperig is not the way to earn your approval. Puppy’s mother (and siblings) began teaching gentleness by firmly correcting Puppy when he played too roughly. Poison & Toxicity CONTACT US Musical Theory Puppy Socialization: What It Really Means (and How To Do It) Counter Surfing and Garbage Raiding Carry a handful of treats (or one of these convenient treat pouches). Walk around your yard, giving a treat to your dog while you’re walking every few steps. Give the treat down at your side, by your thigh. The idea is to convey ‘being right here next to mama when she’s walking means I get treats!’ Otherwise, completely ignore your dog. If he moves off and reaches the end of the leash, just stop walking until you get enough slack in the line to keep moving. Stands & Covers Once you’re outside (or on a puppy pad), wait there with your dog for a couple of minutes. In some cases, if your interruption startled your dog into pausing their business, they may begin again. If so, celebrate your pup with happy words and, if possible, a treat from your pocket. March 16, 2018 3:47 am Food + Drinks Keep Your Cat Inside Rates and Policies 5. Keep Up The Praise & Watch For Signals Next Spray the product onto yourself before you play with your puppy, and if he bites on one of those areas, stop moving and wait for the reaction to the bad taste. If the puppy stops biting you at that time, you can praise him when he lets go to reaffirm the behavior. During this training, you should also withhold water from your puppy, though it may seem cruel. If your dog can just wash out his mouth right away, the deterrent will be ineffective. My 6 month old Pomeranian keeps biting me during play. What can I do? Corporate partnerships How to Introduce a New Puppy to Your Older Dog Username or Email Address INSTRUCTOR SUPPORT For additional tips, here’s an AKC webinar on housetraining a puppy. Before you begin training your Dog, it is absolutely essential that you build a loving bond with him. This is important as it helps you to understand his needs and instincts and also allows your Dog to have complete trust in you. For example, if you don’t want your puppy on the furniture, say ‘No’ loudly and guide him off every time he climbs up. Then praise him every time he gets on the floor. Our trainer supervised puppy playgroups are a terrific way to help socialize your pup. For pups of all sizes under 5 1/2 months old these groups meet at the Chelsea Dog Spa (32 west 25th street) on Tuesdays from 6-7pm, Sundays from 1- 2pm, and Saturdays from 12:30 – 1:30pm. Starting Sunday, April 19th at Camp Canine 46 West 73rd Street from 5:15-6:15pm. The fee is $20 per pup per visit. No need to make a reservation. Kindle Store Your dog trainer will assess which consequences will be most effective for your dog, as that is dependent upon your dog’s unique personality and temperament. I hope that make sense? Whatever the weather, puppies should be taken outside after they have woken up, or had something to drink or eat. Once out of the house, say a command such as ‘Go Now’ so they know it’s OK to relieve themselves. Praise them when they go, but ignore them when they fail. And if you do find a puddle inside, don’t tell your pup off as they may become frightened to go in front of you, instead if you catch them in the act tell them a firm “no” and take them to an appropriate place for them to go. Never, ever ‘rub their nose in it’. Remember, his bladder is small and his memory is short. Unless you remind him frequently, your pup will forget he needs a wee until it is too late and he can’t even make it to the door. puppy training near me | potty train a dog puppy training near me | potty training tips for dogs puppy training near me | house train dog Legal | Sitemap

#how long does it take to potty train a dog #stop puppy barking

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reneeacaseyfl · 5 years

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On Whose Land Do You Sit?: raceAhead

Hugh Weber is a consultant, a creative convener, a marketer, a design expert, an advocate for rural communities, and a dear friend to raceAhead.

So, I was prepared for his most recent TEDx talk, organized in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, to be inspiring. But his elegant introduction got my attention first.

He talked about the collective inheritance of place, made more complex by how people came to be in that uniquely “American” room. “Some of us… not many of us, came from ancestors who were brought here against their will,” he said, others were drawn in by the hope of a better future. “And others have lived here since the beginning of time.”

“Since I believe that the foundations of community are acknowledgement, trust, and a mutual respect across barriers of heritage, belief, and difference… I would like to acknowledge that this event is being held on the traditional ancestral lands of the Ochente Shakoan people.”

This simple acknowledgment is becoming more common now, finding its way into high profile moments, like Anne Hathaway’s similar acknowledgment when she received her star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame this spring.

“I started to think about the land that goes underneath the star, that land that goes beneath all of these stars, and how it was cared and kept for millennia, more than millennia, by the Tongva people,” she said. “I think it’s important to mention that they still live here today. So the soul and the spirit that runs through the earth beneath us originates with and continues to be kept by them.”

“So I would like to begin by thanking the Tongva people and by acknowledging that they are the rightful keepers of the land this star is on.”

But they’re also found in everyday moments, too.

The United States is late to the land acknowledgment practice, lagging behind New Zealand, Australia, and Canada. There, schools, meetings, even hockey games frequently begin with even a perfunctory acknowledgment, explains Teen Vogue. “An acknowledgment might be short: ‘This event is taking place on traditional Chickasaw land.’ Or it might be longer and more specific: ‘We are gathered today on the occupied territory of the Musqueam people, who have stewarded this land for generations.’”

I am writing this column today on the ancestral lands of the Tequesta people. They hunted, fished, and lived their lives in this beautiful place. From what I can gather, they were slowly devastated by European diseases starting in the 1500s, embroiled in colonial-era conflicts, and pestered to convert to Christianity against their will. Most Tequesta survivors were sent to Cuba by the Spanish by the mid-1700s. Only ten words from their language have been preserved.

I can now attest that land acknowledgment really makes you feel some type of way.

Felicia Garcia (Chumash) and Jane Anderson, both associated with the Museum Studies department at New York University, have compiled a comprehensive guide to land acknowledgment statements for arts and education organizations which looks like an excellent resource for everyone else, too.

Northwestern University has an interesting resource that shares their work with healing and acknowledgment. They’ve posted a list derived from a steering group of Native and Indigenous people who shared what the practice means to them. Here are a few choice ones: Addressing invisibility; defrosting the past; feels good spiritually/emotionally; can be performative; must be paired with action; honoring.

It’s all part of the delicate work of decolonizing, a journey very few organizations or individuals have begun in any kind of earnest. Maybe it’s just the oppressive heat of the racist times we’re living in, but “defrosting the past” sounds like something worth doing.

Let me know what you think.

By the way, Weber works as a professional “creative counsel,” advancing the aims of creative organizations by connecting the dots between their capabilities and possibility. His excellent TEDx talk, well worth your time, soon moved from the dusty plains of Ochente land to a miraculous school in the D.C. neighborhood where a fifteen-year-old “king” named Gerald Watson had been shot and killed.

He quickly makes the case that all dots are there to be connected if you’re just willing to open your heart and look. Enjoy.

On Point

Protecting Hawaii’s Mauna Kea The dormant volcano has tremendous significance to many kanaka ’ōiwi (native Hawaiians), explains marine paleoecologist Sara Segura Kahanamoku. But now, kiaʻi (guardians) are currently holding vigils to stop the construction of the world’s largest ground-based telescope on its summit. The protesters are being framed as anti-science and barriers to progress. This is a false choice that masks the bigger issue, she says. Who gets to decide the future? “I am kanaka ‘ōiwi, and I do science because I am Hawaiian,” she begins. “I research out of aloha ’āina, a deep familial love for the land.” There is a dark, colonial history of astronomy in Hawaii that’s worth learning. “I envision a future where the practice of science is truly ethical,” she says. “[W]here human rights, including the rights of indigenous people to self-determination, are upheld through the practice of science.” Massive Science

Research: Officer diversity doesn’t change racial disparities in police shootings Data published by the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences yesterday found that as the percentage of officers of color increase, citizens who are killed in officer-involved shootings are more likely to be people of color. The research also claims to find no evidence that white officers are more likely to fatally shoot people of color. Researchers used a database of 900 officer-involved shootings from 2015; their explanation for the primary findings were that the officers were drawn from the same demographic pool. By way of comparison, an investigation by The Guardian found that in 2015, people of color were more likely than their white counterparts to be killed by police officers. The Guardian

Trump administration seeks to remove food stamp benefits from 3.1 million people Currently, 43 states allow people to automatically qualify for Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, or SNAP, if they also qualify for other types of federal assistance; the proposed rule change would force 3.1 million to reapply for the benefit. If successful, the move could save the federal government some $2.5 billion a year. USDA Secretary Sonny Perdue said the change is to remove a loophole that let unqualified people participate. But Senator Debbie Stabenow, ranking member of the Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, says he’s wrong. “This rule would take food away from families, prevent children from getting school meals, and make it harder for states to administer food assistance.” SNAP provides free food to 40 million Americans, or about 12% of the total U.S. population. Reuters

On Background

The ‘safety net’ works, y’all Two Harvard University economists examined 133 U.S. policy changes over the 50 years looking for the biggest bang for the investment buck—which includes analyzing Medicare and Medicaid expansions, the introduction of food stamps, and dozens of state and local programs. The goal was to identify the interventions that saved the government money long term, typically by figuring out which who ended up need less assistance over time, or who were able to increase their earnings and taxes paid. Programs benefitting low-income kids were the clear winner; every dollar spent on education and health care programs returned 47 cents in down-the-road savings. “The results show there’s a potential to get really high returns when you’re focusing on kids,” says co-author Ben Sprung-Keyser. Wall Street Journal

What’s another way to be transgender in young adult novels? We live in a time in which its possible for a transgender or questioning teen to see themselves in works of fiction. This is tremendous progress, notes reviewer Clarence Harlan Orsi, ticking through a helpful list of popular books. But what comes next? “A lot has changed for trans people in the last 15 years, yet the novels reflect a relatively unified perspective,” he says. Part of the problem is the formulaic nature of YA novels themselves. “The pedagogy of these novels entails setting up a series of rites of passage and then repeating them in different iterations,” which always means some predictable moments—gender affirming prom clothes, the first bullying, coming out to an unwelcoming family. All of this requires a “didactic obligation” that masks missed opportunities to tell different stories. “[I]t is not enough to simply want to transition. Rather, these books must prove that changing genders is the only thing that will keep these characters alive.” L.A. Review of Books

Sixty years later, a picture of closeted love emerges This is a story that’s sure to bring the water to your eyes. In 1957, a young man dropped off a roll of film to be developed at his corner drug store. The pictures were of his wedding, but he never received them. The photos were of a touching commitment ceremony to another man, and the store manager withheld them for being “inappropriate.” But a warm-hearted clerk kept the pictures, hoping to run into the groom somewhere. Now, many years after her passing, the photos belong to an advocacy group who are looking to reunite the photos with either the couple or their families. Do you know them? The Philadelphia Citizen

Tamara El-Waylly helps produce raceAhead.

Quote

“I believe in white supremacy. We can’t all of a sudden get down on our knees and turn everything over to the leadership of the blacks… I don’t feel we did wrong in taking this great country away from [Native Americans], if that’s what you’re asking. Our so-called stealing of this country from them was just a matter of survival. There were great numbers of people who needed new land, and the Indians were selfishly trying to keep it for themselves.”

—John Wayne in an interview for Playboy

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