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#aleph 101
dirkspanelcollection · 2 months
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Every panel Helstm Indeva is in from Aleph Null part 1
(because hes me and im in love with him)
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Page 1 / Cover page
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familyabolisher · 1 year
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Cactus for the ask game
cactus ⇢ something you’re currently learning (about)?
i'm currently reading dante + following along with a lecture series on the divine comedy as i go :~) i'm also working through some 101 lit theory that i missed out on reading at undergrad, and i'm eternally in the process of teaching myself hebrew to a better standard than 'being able to read the aleph bet and vaguely following along in shul.'
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saturdaynightmatinee · 6 months
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CALIFICACIÓN PERSONAL: 7.5 / 10
Título Original: El peso de la ley
Año: 2017
Duración: 101 min
País: Argentina
Dirección: Fernán Mirás
Guion: Fernán Mirás, Roberto Gispert
Música: Cecilia Pugliese
Fotografía: Mariana Russo
Reparto: Paola Barrientos, María Onetto, Darío Grandinetti, Fernán Mirás, Darío Barassi, Daniel Lambertini, Jorgelina Aruzzi, Daniel La Rosa, Julio Feld
Productora: Aleph Media, Arco Libre, INCAA
Género: Drama; Crime; Mystery
TRAILER:
youtube
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gustingirl · 2 years
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tagged by my bestie @bts-boba love ya booboo!!
last song: i’m currently listening to butter by bts and whoever wants to tell me their english songs suck can come kiss my ass, this song is iconic and i’m highkey obsessed
last show: last thing i watched and never finished was moon knight but bc i am lazy as fuck
last book series: series? nothing lmao, i’m reading borges' the aleph tho
currently watching: currently watching house md and i’m making it my goal to finish it (for once) but i also wanna watch shameless but eleven seasons oh god
current obsessions: quite evident, innit? well right now it's house md, bts, dead poets society, history and art (history too).
and tagging @peachy-101 @trashlord-007 @mangoslixes @wilson-md @wilsoncology @werewolfwannabe @withlovemuffin
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amaniedoliprane · 5 years
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Les huit membres du premier bataillon “Velan” (déformation de “Whale one”). Chacun est en binôme avec un autre, l’un étant l’attaquant (visière rouge) et l’autre le support (visière bleue). Ils ont tous un doctorat, où l’équivalent dans leur pays d’origine et ont une trentaine d’années.
Aleph est suédoise, Beth est américain, Gimel est italienne, Daleth est chinois, He est allemand, Waw est française, Zayin est coréen et Heth est russe.
[Le bataillon 2 “Eltu” (déformation de “whale two” possède donc 14 membres pour finir l’alphabet, de “Teth”(la roue) à “Taw”(la marque)]
Le design des armures est inspiré par Halo, Solatorobo: Red The Hunter (ソラトロボ -それからCODAへ-) et The Three Body Problem (三体)
Juin à Juillet 2019
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omarmartiga · 3 years
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1.¿Cuántos años tienes?
22
2.¿Tienes novio(a)?
No
3.¿De dónde eres?
Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
4.¿Crees en los signos?
No, aunque quedan muchas veces, yo le digo sentido de pertenecía
5 ¿Cuál es tu nombre?
Omar Martinez
6.¿Comida favorita?
Enchiladas, spaghetti, tacos
7.¿Cuál es tu insta / facebook?
0martiga
8. Un recuerdo.
una vez viaje a otra ciudad y fue muy especial
9.Describe tu personalidad en 3 palabras.
Terco
Paciente
Noble
10.¿Siempre recibes ask’s?
No
11.¿Quieres casarte?
Si
12.¿Quieres tener hijos?
Si
13.¿Eres niño o niña?
Niño
14.¿Cuál es tu altura?
1.87
15.¿Has tenido sexo?
Si
16.¿Fumas?
Si, pero me hice un trato justo hoy de dejarlo de hacer
17.¿Eres fotógrafo?
No, igual me agrada encontrarle mi
Propio sentido a eso de tomar fotos
18.¿Bebes?
Demasiado poco
19.¿Tienes piercings?
No
20.¿Tienes el corazón roto?
Si
21.Alguien que  extrañes
No conozco fisicamente pero de alguna forma puedo sentir su ausencia
22.¿Sabes andar en Skate?
No
23.¿Cual es tu mayor sueño?
Ir a Grecia
24.3 nombres favoritos de niños
Elena, Samuel
25.¿Has viajado en avión?
Si
26.¿Mejor amigo (a)?
Cristian
27.Libro favorito.
El Aleph de Jorge Luis Borges
28.Película favorita.
Ventajas de ser invisible
Hercules
29.¿Te gustan los gatos?
Si, tengo dos
30.¿Dibujas?
Si pero no me considero bueno
31.Celebridad que sea tu crush
Anne Hathaway
32.¿Dinero o inteligencia?
Inteligencia
33.¿Tocas algún instrumento?
No
34.¿Tienes tatuaje?
Si (hilo rojo en dedo meñique)
35.¿Mayor locura que ya ha hecho?
No se si sea la mayo pero en otra ciudad con solo un amigo, en una reunion con gente que no conocíamos probe mi primer cuadro de LSD (no lo volvere a hacer)
36.¿Has cambiado por alguien?
Si
37.¿Starbucks o Dunkin Donuts?
Blue Luna
38.Último cumplido que has recibido.
"Eres muy noble"
39.Si la última persona que te lastimó viniera a hablar contigo,¿La perdonarías?
Si
40.Iniciales de tu crush
F d l T C
41.¿Has mandado o recibido nudes?
Si
42.¿Qué te hizo crear tumblr?
Una amiga en 2012
43.Las mejores amistades que usted hizo aquí en el tumblr?
Recuerdo a Neva Urbina , era una amiga chilena pero desde los 16 o 17 que no se nada de ella
44.¿Dejas las cosas para último momento?
No
45.¿Usas lentes?
Necesito pero no utilizo
46.¿Pasas WhatsApp?
6644808301
47.Si pudieras cambiar tu nombre, ¿Por cuál sería?
No cambiaría
48.¿Un hobbie?
Me gusta mucho rapear y escribir relatos
49.Una característica sobre usted que poca gente sabe?
Soy muy observador
50.¿Cuál es la última persona a la que le dijiste “te amo”?
51.¿Cuál es el color de tus ojos?
Color miel/verdoso
52.¿Tienes mucho o poco tiempo en tumblr?
Desde 2013 como 8 años
53.¿Cuál es tu religión?
Cristiana
54.Da un motivo para seguirte
Tengo buen contenido
55.Una palabra que te define
Sencillez
56.Algo que te deja triste.
Las Mentiras
57.¿Eres orgulloso (a)?
No mucho
58.¿Eres celoso (a)?
No
59.¿Deseas hacer algo en la universidad?
Regresar a ella jaja
60.¿Te has drogado?
Si
61.Última persona con quien lloraste
Mi ex pareja
62.Signo zodiacal
Geminis creo pero no creo mucho en eso
63.¿Qué te llama atención físicamente en una persona del sexo opuesto?
Su sencillez, su honestidad y atencion
Su cabello, sus manos y sus ojos
64.¿Has tenido / tiene amistad colorida?
Si, ya no
65.¿Ya besaste a alguien del mismo sexo?
No
66.¿Eres fan de alguien?
Si
67.¿Eres psicópata?
No
68.¿Tienes muchos amigos?
No
69.¿Eres divertido?
Supongo
70.¿Cuál es la cosa más cool que has hecho?
Viajar
71.¿Cuál fue el mejor día de tu vida?
12 se septiembre de 2020
Y 17 de julio del 2020
72.¿Cuál fue el peor día de tu vida?
El 7 de marzo de 2018
73.¿Alguien que nunca seguirías?
A una mujer en la noche
74.¿Alguien a quien jamás darías unfollow?
75.¿Qué no te gusta de tu cuerpo?
Mi nariz
76.¿Lo que una niña necesita saber a la hora de enamorarse de ti?
Soy muy terco, demasiado
77.¿Haces buenos orales?
No lo se
78.¿Me cuenta una fantasía suya?
Ir a Grecia
79.¿Lees libros eróticos?
No
80.¿Sufres de algún trastorno vinculado al sexo?
...
81. Recomienda tumblrs
Elmomentoesaltoque algo así era el tumblr de mi amiga Neva
82.¿Quién te atrae?
Una muchacha muy linda
83.¿Cuál es tu porno favorito?
No hay
84. ¿Qué piensas de las feministas y los homosexuales?
Las feministas se están haciendo escuchar y si quemando o rayando palacios es su forma única de ser escuchadas esta bien, porque al final todos quieren sentirse y ser validados por los demás y al menos en este gobierno solo
Manifestándote así puedes ser escuchado,
igual yo aclaro que soy Pro-vida y estoy en contra de los matrimonios del mismo sexo
No estoy en desacuerdo con la Homosexualidad pero respeto cualquier cosa, persona o "movimiento" mientras este me respete a mi o a mi alrededor
85.¿Cuántos tumblrs sigues?
A 127
86.¿Cuántos seguidores tienes?
153
87.¿Cuál es tu programa favorito de TV?
Otro rollo
88.¿Te cortaste alguna vez?
No
89.¿Eres popular?
Ya jo
90.¿Cuál es la cosa más peligrosa que has hecho?
Estar en muchos incendios
91. Una cosa que te haya dejado con mucha vergüenza
Una humillación en primaria
92.¿Qué crees de las personas que hablan contigo por primera vez y ya te llaman bebé?
Que tienen mucha confianza
93. Define tu día en una palabra
Tristeza
94.¿Te arrepientes de algo que no hiciste?
Terminar con una ex relación cuando vi los
Primeros indicios de que había algo mal
95.¿Crees en un “para siempre”?
Si
96.¿Quién viene a tu mente en este momento?
Una niña
97.¿Cuál es tu banda favorita?
Radiohead
98.¿Cuántos has besado en una noche?
7 personas(creo)
99.¿Cuál es la película que más asistió en la vida?
Sangre por sangre/ventajas de ser invisible
100.¿Te gusta la comida china?
Si
101.¿Qué haces cuando nadie te ve?
Pienso
102.¿Cuál es el lugar perfecto para el primer encuentro?
Playa
103.¿Hiciste una declaración de amor en público?
No
104.¿Crees que eres especial para alguna persona?
Si, supongo que si
105.¿Crees el amor una gran tontería o encuentra lo mejor del mundo?
Lo mejor del Mundo
106.¿Cuál fue la última cosa que te hizo reír?
Un amigo poniendo apodos
107.¿Qué es lo que está en la moda hoy en día?
Ser pretencioso
108.¿Qué haces cuando tienes insomnio?
Contesto esto
109 ¿Quién tuvo la influencia más positiva sobre ti?
Mis hermanos
110.¿Te has enamorado de alguien sin tener gusto de esa persona?
Si
111.¿Tienes un apodo?
Chino/neo
112.¿Alguien con quien siempre hablabas y no hablas más?
Con mucha gente
113. Una cosa que crees que pocas personas hacen
Poner la leche antes que el cereal
114.¿Es más fácil perdonar o ser perdonado?
Ser Perdonado
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An Error List for “Evillious Chronicles: 101“
What it sounds. I was very incensed at seeing this latest of Evillious “explanation” videos that not only was full of misinformation, but also repeatedly insults mothy as a writer for things that are clearly misunderstood or misremembered by the presenter (who doesn’t seem to have actually read the novels). Given that this video is over 2 hours long, it feels more likely than other cases that people might take the information in it seriously, and so I felt it was worthwhile to write a comprehensive (but not all-encompassing) list of the errors in it.
I am going to try not to argue with the writing critiques and just focus on factual errors.
In the interest of transparency, here is a link to the video that I am responding to [here] (epilepsy warning--the first 5 seconds or so of the video has flickering bright colors as the camera starts up).
Under a cut for length.
NOTE: I am not including errors that were later corrected (such as saying that Levia studied alternate worlds when she was a psychologist), and just to be nice I am going to leave be areas where he leaves out information or characters (which he does quite a bit especially near the end) unless he explicitly claims that the information or character does not exist.
1. The Second Period is not a real universe. It is entirely a simulation. The people within it are real, insomuch as spirit data has been made indistinguishable from real souls, but the world itself is not. They were believed to be parallel worlds because the Second Period did not realize it was a simulation and mistook the real world for an alternate universe.
2. Behemo is not a Len in appearance and Levia is not a Rin. Mothy himself said that he and Levia are not VOCALOIDS in design.
3. Behemo was not married to his maid, they were simply dating.
4. Behemo was not a member of the team that made the Second Period, he was a relative of one of the programmers.
5. HERS does not affect the First Period. It is more strongly suggested that the First Period was destroyed by nuclear fallout. HERS was deliberately created by the Second Period programmers.
6. Behemo does not go into the Second Period as himself. He creates an avatar of himself to enter into the program. At the point where Levia goes to the First Period and meets Behemo for the first time, there is no physical transference going on--all of the "inter dimensional" crossing is entirely "spirit data" ONLY. As in, no one from the Second Period went to the First Period without having bodies made to put their soul data into when they arrived.
7. The Climb One was never a real rocket ship. Behemo in the First Period tricked the programs into thinking they were on a ship going to another world, but what he actually did was create bodies for them in the First Period that he downloaded them into, using a real world equivalent Climb One to make them think they'd traveled there physically. This is why the Second Period individuals believe they are on a new world, rather than realizing they are on Earth (which they renamed Gudnatia, incidentally).
8. No one survived the Climb One crash (except Luna Hadzuki, I believe). This is why they were trapped in the ship, because they had no physical bodies to leave with and their data was stuck onboard.
9. Levia's motivation to destroy the world does seem to be implied to be a result of her HER, however Behemo's motivations are slanted more towards "starting over and doing a better job next time". This is why he drops it later when the world has already progressed.
10. The phrase is "Mem Aleph", not "Mem Alpha".
--. The Venom is not why Eve's twins were stillborn (however, with this note I am going to forgive anything that goes against recent revelations in the OSS novel because it may not be widespread fan knowledge at this point).
11. Pretty much the entire timeline of Project Ma as he describes it is wrong. Adam and Eve were a part of the first Project Ma, not something separate from it, and Seth only became in charge of the project after Adam and Eve disappeared. The Clockworkers only became involved in the 7th iteration of the project, not the first. Meta's part of the project took place during the 2nd iteration (his notes indicate he is aware that he f--ed up the timeline, but they don't adequately explain what the correct information is so I am still counting it as an error).
12. Seth does not spread HERS unintentionally--HERS is not a disease that you can catch during your lifetime (except in Judgment era when all the rules are being explicitly subverted). It is a genetic anomaly that you have from birth. It is extremely rare, though less rare if your parents have it.
13. It is actually explained pretty well--there's an entire segment of the Venomania novel's prologue that explains how it works.
14. Levia and Behemo's motive for reaching out to Kiril is because they were tired of waiting for the project to succeed (given its numerous failures) and wanted to use him to get a body to escape the arc with. They did not tell Kiril to kill everyone, they simply told him to put Elluka's body in the arc. The explosion was an unintended consequence of his actions.
15. The Climb One is not in a dungeon, it is in a religious temple.
16.The cat that becomes Irina is not a live cat. It is a cat plushy with a Black Box inside it. 
17. The spelling of “Grettle”.
18. Meta very explicitly has HERS.
19. Hansel and Gretel are kidnapped some time after Meta escapes, not the very same day.
20. Hansel and Gretel are abandoned by Adam and Eve in the woods, and they kill them once they find their way back home. They do not kill them just because they discovered they were adopted.
21. Eve's soul was never split into 7. The demons were people from the Climb One, yes, but they were reborn into demons via Hansel and Gretel. Eve simply "became" the Demon of Sloth.
22. Irregulars are explained. They are people born outside of the world's rules who are able to perform "Re_Birthday events", which destroy and rebuild things (often on a large scale such as reshaping the world, but it can be on a small scale as Hansel and Gretel show).
23. The explosion did not bring Elluka back from the dead. The Clockwork Secret Art Kiril used before the explosion repaired the decay of her body so that it was a usable vessel, which is how Levia and Behemo were able to get inside.
24. Behemo does not go to the moon after the explosion. He goes inside Elluka's body with Levia, but remains dormant. He only goes to the moon after Ma is formed.
25. Levia was not cured of HERS (this is vague, but her HERS is suggested to be why she tried to destroy the world as Nemesis).
26. Elluka's original body does not become "decrepit" after swapping with Lukana, it just ages normally.
27. Her name is Banica, not Bianca.
28. The deal with Gluttony was to keep Banica from dying of her morbid obesity, and to pursue dangerous cuisine. It was not because she wanted to be thin.
29. Carlos is not in line for the throne of Marlon.
30. Carlos got over her being overweight, but he did think negatively of Banica for her weight on first meeting her.
31. Carlos never cooked human meat for Banica.
32. Arth does not give birth to Allen and Riliane, Anne does (yes, I know he probably just misspoke but he said it multiple times).
33. Riliane was possessed by Gluttony in the childhood incident that separated her from Allen, not Pride. Pride only occurred later.
34. Elluka was the one who went to Held looking for new apprentices, Held did not call her back.
35. Michaela and Gumillia were forest spirits in between being crewmember data and becoming human.
36. Kyle is not a descendant of Conchita. He is the descendant of one of Carlos' brothers.
37. Allen killing Leonhart is closer in the timeline to Riliane's downfall than the video implies.
38. Michaela was not employed by Kyle in Marlon. Michaela and Clarith were employed by Keel in Elphegort, who was friends with Kyle.
39. Riliane's Green Hunting genocide was a result of not knowing which green-haired girl was Kyle's crush, and so killing them all to get this one person. It was not simply to get revenge on green-haired people.
40. Kyle and Germaine partially allow Allen's death for revenge (Kyle because he thinks Allen killed Michaela, Germaine because Allen killed Leonhart). It is not just for the sake of the public.
41. The demon of Pride was no longer in Riliane by the time of the twin switch (I don't recall if it's said explicitly but I believe the implication is that Ney took it when she escaped).
42. The doll is a doll. It does not look like a person--it is doll sized. People perceive it as looking human due to Eve's brainwashing power. There is of course also the issue of how this video describes Eve's soul as "breaking" is incorrect, which is made especially clear here, but that was covered earlier.
43. Kaspar was not a doctor. Margarita's father was the doctor.
44. The Duel of Merrigod Plateau does not occur during the Sloth event. It occurs much later.
45. Pere Noel is in Lucifenia, not Marlon.
46. Pere Noel is the name of the crime organization, not the name of its leader.
47. His name is Lemy not Lenny.
48. Irina is entirely behind Pere Noel, not just one of its main operators--she is the leader and founder.
49. Irina did not bring Lemy to the duel of Merrigod, he went there on his own.
50. Gumillia and Elluka did not have the vessel of Sloth during the duel. Eve was inside Elluka's body at the time, which is why she was present.
51. Gumillia did not die when she was sent to the Hellish Yard (this is, in fact, why she can't leave to the Heavenly Yard).
52. Seth does not promise to allow Gumillia to survive being in the Hellish Yard with demon powers. He promises to use his scientific expertise to solve the problem.
53. Kayo is not a hairdresser, she is...as the name of her song implies...a tailor. She cuts clothes. Not. Hair.
.
...Am I being trolled?
.
54, 55. Not only does he not bring up any of the plot twists of the Tailor novel (primarily that Kayo's actions were not done out of her psychosis but a result of a deliberate revenge plot), but he makes no indication that he's aware they're a thing, so I'm going to say that's two errors.
56, 57. The timeline for the Greed arc is messed up (again, does not seem to know what happens in the novel). Gallerian does not become a greedy judge until after he loses Michelle, which is waaaay after he met Ma, and way after their affair. He does not do this out of simple greed, but because he needs the resources to collect the vessels of sin, which he hopes to use to bring Michelle back to life, in a sense (I'm oversimplifying here but the point is I’m adding another two errors).
58. Gallerian is not actually a sin contractor.
59. Ma knew that Gallerian was her son and deliberately had a child with him while knowing this.
60. Nemesis is her birth name, it is not a name that she took for herself.
61. Ma did not put Eve into the doll, she put Irina into the doll. Irina is Master of the Court.
62. Ma does not have her own soul (this is why she tries to absorb other beings to, in a sense, create one for herself). She is consciousness without a soul.
63. Gallerian does not “abandon” Nemesis. He had no idea she existed until she came to kill him. He didn’t even know she was working for him in PN.
64. The "sins" do not "manifest" in the Theater arc until after Gallerian's death.
65. The way that the theater arc is described as coming about is wrong (Waiter is revealed to be Lilith Baldured, Gear is just Adam, etc). Again--doesn't seem to be familiar with events of the later books despite referencing reveals that are shown in them.
66. Seth as the mask is not able to shapeshift. It is Grim the End, the vessel that he is inside, that can shapeshift.
67. Hanma somewhat took care of Nemesis in her infancy--she was not completely alone.
68. Nemesis did not kill Michelle out of wrath. It was accidental. She didn’t even know that she’d done it.
69. Gallerian does not actually believe the Clockworker's Doll is human, he just believes that Michelle’s spirit is inside it.
70. The Pere Noel of Gallerian's era is not the same organization from Lemy's era. They only share a name.
71. Nemesis did not have to break into anything to get Punishment, she was in charge as the dictator of Elphegort.
72. No one is alive after the world's end except for Nemesis. They are still dead. They are disembodied souls.
--. Capriccio Farce is really the only primary, clear evidence that Allen is the one inside Master of the Court, Re_Birthday is not necessarily about the Irregular that she births, and Waiter's name does not necessarily mean she is waiting for Allen to be born to MOTC specifically (this is too contentious for me to list it as an error though, but my point is the level of retconning is not necessarily as severe as he makes it sound--I believe mothy began retconning this much sooner than people think).
73. Adam and Eve are blonde because they are Irregulars. This is also how they do the Court ending, not a result of “all the stuff their souls have been through”.
74. The Court ending people are not trying to kill the demons, they are trying to collect the contractors’ souls specifically--Ma tried to make a soul for herself using the demons but found them inadequate, and so she instead sought to use the contractors for the demons to sustain herself.
75. The contractors are not possessed anymore, but they do still have the abilities that their contracts gave them.
76. Very large inaccuracies here on how the confrontation with Ma goes but to sum up--Ma was lying dormant in Riliane's soul to stop herself from completely disintegrating into nothingness. She activates herself when all the sinners are assembled and draws them into her consciousness to remain stable, essentially becoming a conglomeration of all of them with Riliane’s appearance. This is incomplete because she does not catch Nemesis.
77. Gallerian is not part of the Court Ending, because he was drawn into the Ma conglomerate and was not present in the theater when it started.
--. Ironically, his (albeit brief) description of how the Court Ending functions is the one I believe to be the most accurate.
78. Most of the Second Period people did not ever learn that they were a simulation (save for Sickle and potentially Held).
79. It's not confirmed that Allen and Riliane fall in love in the Fourth Period (or that it's even them in 10 Minute Love).
80. Seth's motives for saving the world are explained. He is not "evil for evil's sake", he does things out of scientific curiosity. He still has HERS, but his goal as an HER has already been fulfilled with the destruction of the world.
.
All of this is not including the host of things he omits that, if present, would have made the events sound much more coherent.
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Aleph
1 Blessed are those whose ways are blameless,    who walk according to the law of the Lord. 2 Blessed are those who keep his statutes    and seek him with all their heart— 3 they do no wrong    but follow his ways. 4 You have laid down precepts    that are to be fully obeyed. 5 Oh, that my ways were steadfast    in obeying your decrees! 6 Then I would not be put to shame    when I consider all your commands. 7 I will praise you with an upright heart    as I learn your righteous laws. 8 I will obey your decrees;    do not utterly forsake me. — Psalm 119:1-8 | New International Version (NIV) Holy Bible, New International Version®, NIV® Copyright ©1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc.® All rights reserved worldwide. Cross References: Deuteronomy 4:13; Deuteronomy 4:29; Deuteronomy 6:5; Deuteronomy 6:17; Deuteronomy 12:1; 2 Chronicles 7:17; Job 22:26; Psalm 37:23; Psalm 38:21; Psalm 40:2; Psalm 71:9; Psalm 78:10; Psalm 101:2; Psalm 119:62; Psalm 119:80; Psalm 119:117; Psalm 119:164; 1 John 3:9; 1 John 5:18
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f4liveblogarchives · 4 years
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Fantastic Four Vol 1 #159
Mon Aug 19 2019 [09:23 PM] Wack'd: FANTASTIC FOUR VOL 1 NO 159 [09:24 PM] Wack'd: So basically even though he said he's not going to rush her, Reed is still salty that Sue hasn't rejoined the team, and Ben thinks that's kind of a dick move
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[09:25 PM] Wack'd: Ben doesn't have much truck with glam, it seems
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[09:27 PM] Wack'd: Anyway Xemu manages to kidnap Reed, Johnny, Ben, and Medusa [09:27 PM] Wack'd: And Quicksilver [09:28 PM] Wack'd: Let this be a lesson to you to never forget supporting characters! You don't know when it might bite you in the ass!
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[09:29 PM] Wack'd: Anyway Phineas explains how the gun works. Off-panel. Because Roy Thomas, in his own words, "almost flunked Woodwork 101." [09:30 PM] Wack'd: Turns out that if Black Bolt speaks into the cannon it makes it a kajillion times more powerful [09:31 PM] Wack'd: Anyway Xenu aimed the gun at China, hoping that the Inhumans will kill any agents that find the Inhumans to protect their secret hiding place, thus causing China to suspect fowl play from the US or USSR, and then atomic doomsday [09:32 PM] Wack'd: He's like Ozymandius, but dumber [09:33 PM] Wack'd: Anyway Triton escaped earlier but I didn't mention it [09:33 PM] Wack'd: So now he frees Reed, Johnny, Ben, and the other Fifth-Dimensioners [09:34 PM] Wack'd: Meanwhile, China has decided to skip straight to nukes [09:35 PM] Wack'd: FUCK YEAH
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[09:35 PM] Wack'd: Xenu flees. Because he's scared of nukes [09:36 PM] Wack'd: And the rest of his mooks are easily mopped up [09:36 PM] maxwellelvis: I don't know why, but I can't stop but imagining Xemu being voiced by James Doohan [09:36 PM] Wack'd: Sue stops the nukes with force fields [09:37 PM] maxwellelvis: doing one of the zillion voices he had to do to play all the male supporting cast on Star Trek: The Animated Series [09:37 PM] Wack'd: Anyway Johnny decides to start dating the fifth dimension lady. Valeria. [09:38 PM] Aleph Null: sure [09:38 PM] Wack'd: And everyone goes to the fifth dimension to kick Xenu's butt [09:38 PM] Wack'd: Ooooooh okay [09:38 PM] Wack'd: Sue turned the entire Hidden City invisible [09:39 PM] Wack'd: So the nukes never found them [09:39 PM] Wack'd: (Which means atomic war?! I guess?!?! Maybe Xenu's just an idiot) [09:40 PM] Wack'd: Anyway Medusa decides to stay in the Hidden City [09:40 PM] Wack'd: Johnny gets back in his blue costume [09:40 PM] maxwellelvis: That's a snapback I'm actually glad for [09:40 PM] maxwellelvis: He just looked weird in red [09:40 PM] Wack'd: And Reed agrees to find a new babysitter for Franklin so that he'll stop getting worried and being a dick [09:41 PM] Wack'd: Status quo restored! [09:41 PM] Wack'd: Kinda [09:41 PM] Wack'd: We'll see if Reed does actually get better [09:41 PM] maxwellelvis: "Y'know, Stretcho, I've got a whole supporting cast of my own who wouldn't mind--" "Ha ha, as if anything that happens in your solo series will ever affect anything in here, Ben." [09:42 PM] Wack'd: I'm fine with that. The fewer spin off books I need to worry about the better
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saul471 · 5 years
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late nights on tour🌙
Burial - Come Down To Us
Beach House - Chariot
Gesaffelstein - Aleph
Four Tet - Angel Echoes
Radiohead - Myxomatosis
Brian Eno - An Ending
Coldplay - Hypnotised
DJ Windows XP - She Got Away
The Beatles - And I Love Her
Bonobo - Kerala
Nujabes - The Final View
Planetary Assault Systems - Interlude 2
Ø [Phase] - Alone in Time?
Kwartz - Right Discipline
Apparat - 44
Apparat - Goodbye
Nils Frahm - Them
Recondite - Am Tag danach
Sinjin Hawke & Zora Jones - Lurk 101
Dopplereffekt - Von Neumann Probe
Arca - Anoche
Marian Hill - Subtle Thing
James Blake - Fall Creek Boys Choir
Anna von Hausswolff - Mountains Crave
Jhené Aiko - Jukai
The Doors - Moonlight Drive
Wendy Rene - After Laughter (Comes Tears)
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matekon · 5 years
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The shortest proof that there are countably many algebraic numbers
This article explores a technique for proving that certain sets are countable that I find so easy, fast and clever that I am surprised it isn’t used more often in casual mathematics. I will present it and then apply it to prove there are countably many algebraic numbers.
I use the following personal conventions:
● - Definitions - Propositions I assume are true                        
○ - Theorems – Propositions I deduce from the definitions
___________________
Section 0 - Cantor Set Theory (Prerequisites)
I will assume the readers of this article are already a bit familiar with Cantor Set Theory. (If you are not, this video by TED-Ed is a nice accessible introduction: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UPA3bwVVzGI)
The point of this section is to fix the definitions really clearly.
\(\bullet\:\aleph_0=\vert\mathbb{N}\vert\), meaning Aleph-0 (\(\aleph_0\)) is defined as the cardinal of the set of the natural numbers (\(\mathbb{N}\))  \(\bullet\) The set A is infinite if \(\vert A \vert \ge \aleph_0\) (\(\aleph_0\) being the smallest infinity) \(\bullet\) The set A is countable if \(\vert A \vert \le \aleph_0\)  
● Given 2 sets \(A\) and \(B\), \(|A| = |B|\)(or they have the same cardinality) if I can find a “bijective” function from \(A\) to \(B\).
From experience, the next 2 definitions are less known from casual mathematicians, but are they crucial for this article.
● Given 2 sets \(A\) and \(B\) , \(|A| \le |B|\) if I can find an “injective” function from \(A\)  to \(B\) .
● Given 2 sets \(A\) and \(B\) , \(|A| \ge |B|\) if I can find a “surjective” function from \(A\) to \(B\) .
I do realize that these definitions aren’t that trivial. Why they describe our intuitive understanding of “ \(|A| \le |B|\) ” and “ \(|A| \ge |B|\) ” needs to be thought out a little bit.
Just to illustrate it, let’s take \(A= \{a,b,c\}\) and \(B = \{d,e,f,g\}\), and then define 2 functions \(f\) and \(g\) in the following manner:
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Because  \(f\) is injective, that implies that \(|A| \le |B|\) or that \(3 \le 4\), which is true. Because  \(g\) is not injective (the “elements”  \(f\) and g have the same output), its existence does not imply that \(|B| \le |A|\) or \(4 \le  3\), which would be false.
On the other hand, because  \(g\) is surjective (all the elements of A are the outputs of some elements of \(B\) ), that implies that \(|B| \ge |A|\). Similaily,  \(f\) not being surjective means we can’t deduce that  \(|A| \ge |B|\).
Finally, we just have to note that we can apply the 3 definitions above ( \(|A| = |B|\), \(|A| \le |B|\) and \(|A| \ge |B|\)  ) to infinite sets as well.
___________________
Section 1 - The Technique
We will now present the technique this article is mainly concerned with. Here is its statement:
○ Any set for which all its elements can be expressed in a “finite” sequence using a “finite” alphabet is countable.
To illustrate and clarify this, let’s look at an example:
Let \(\mathbb{N}^3\) be the set of all triplets of natural numbers, \((1,3,9)\) being one for example. We easily see that  \(\mathbb{N}^3\) is infinite. But we would like to show that it is countable. Here’s our plan:
We will conceive a “language” that will allow us to express any triplet possible. For this, we first need the symbols from 0 to 9 to write the natural numbers. Then, we introduce the “:” that will be used to separate the numbers in the triplets. For example, \((1,3,9)\) will be written as “1:3:9″ in this language. So, our alphabet has 11 symbols total!
Now, with this alphabet, I will create the set W, which consists of every finite word that can be written using our alphabet of 11 symbols. “1:3:9″ would be a member of this set, but also words like “2::4::::” which aren’t “grammatical” and don’t represent any triplet. 
Here are now the majors lines for our proof:
1) We show that \(| \mathbb{N}^3 | \le|W|\). For that, we can create a “surjective” function \( f: W \to  \mathbb{N}^3 \) whose existence would imply that \(|W|\ge| \mathbb{N}^3|\)
2) We show that \(|W|\le|\mathbb{N}|\). Again, we just have to construct an “injective” function \(g:W\to\mathbb{N}\) and that will imply that  \(|W|\le|\mathbb{N}|\)
And from these 2 inequalities, we deduce that \(| \mathbb{N}^3|\le|\mathbb{N}|\)
Let’s do the details!
1) I will define a function  \( f: W\to \mathbb{N}^3 \) that associates each word of \(W\) with its associated triplet if the word is of the form “a:b:c”, where a,b and c are natural numbers. Otherwise, the word would be  grammatically incorrect and I will associate the word with the triplet \((0,0,0)\).
For example,
\( f(\)1:3:9\() = (1,3,9)\in\:\mathbb{N}^3 \) 
\(f(\)01:03:009\()=(1,3,9)\in \:\mathbb{N}^3 \) (technically a different word from the previous) 
\(f(\)2::4::::\() = (0,0,0)\in \:  \mathbb{N}^3\) (because it is grammatically incorrect)
We can see that \(f\) is surjective because every triplet of \( \mathbb{N}^3 \) is an output of this function. We are done with this part and have shown that \( | \mathbb{N}^3 | \le |W|\). 
2) I can define a function \(g:W\to\mathbb{N}\) that associates each word of \(W\) with a unique natural number by reinterpreting it as a number expressed in base 12. I associate “1″ with \(1\), “2″ with \(2\), .... “9″ with \(9\), “0″ with \(10\) and “:” with \(11\). I will explain later why I don’t associate “0″ with \(0\). 
For example,
 \(g\)(1:3:9) \(= 1*12^4+11*12^3+3*12^2+11*12^1+9*12^0 \in \mathbb{N}\)
\(g\)(33:0:101)\(= 3*12^7+3*12^6+11*12^5+10*12^4+11*12^3+\)
\(1*12^2+10*12^1+1*12^0    \in \:\mathbb{N}\)
You can see that \(g\) would never associate 2 different words with the same number, meaning \(g\) is injective. That’s because, if we exclude the zeros on the right of the comma and on the left, there is a unique way to write a natural in base 12 (in any natural base bigger than or equal to 2 in general).
So, earlier, I didn’t associate  “0″ with \(0\) because, otherwise, “3″ and “03″, 2 technically different words, would have the same output by the function \(g\), so it wouldn’t be injective. 
So, with that, we’ve just proven that \(|W| \le |  \mathbb{N} | \).
With 1) and 2) together, we deduce:
\(\vert \mathbb{N}^3\vert\le\vert\mathbb{N}\vert\Rightarrow | \mathbb{N}^3 |\le\aleph_0\\ \) This really means that \( \mathbb{N}^3\) is “countable”. But we know that \(\mathbb{N}^3\) is “infinite”, that is \( | \mathbb{N}^3 |\ge\aleph_0\\ \) So, together, we get that \( \mathbb{N}^3 \) is “countably infinite” or that \( | \mathbb{N}^3 |=\aleph_0\\ \)
\(QED\)
All the great principles behind the technique are there.
The existence of the functions \(f\) and \(g\) is guaranteed once the condition “every element of our infinite set can be expressed by a finite sequence using a finite alphabet” is verified. So, for now on, when applying this technique, we really don’t have to construct \(f\) and \(g\) anymore. We can immediately deduce that the set is countable. Thus, the technique gains on speed!
And now…
___________________
Section 2 - The proof that there are countably many algebraic numbers
Let’s make the definition clear:
● All the zeros of polynomials with integer coefficients make up the set of the algebraic numbers.
So, for example, \(4/3\) is an algebraic number because it is a (the only) zero of the polynomial \(3x-4\). In the same way, \(\sqrt[3]{2}\) is algebraic because it’s a zero of \( x^3-2\).
We first note that they are infinitely many algebraic numbers, simply because every natural number is algebraic.
We know:
○ Any set for which all its elements can be expressed in a “finite” sequence using a “finite” alphabet is countable.
So, to prove there are countably many algebraic numbers, we just have to find a finite alphabet that can allow us to express each one of them in a finite sequence.
Expressing every polynomial doesn’t seem like much of a problem. We could just use the numbers from 0 to 9, +, - , ^ and x (14 symbols). For example,  the polynomial \( 7x^{12}-10x^5+4 \) is expressed as “7x^12-10x^5+4″.
But, how do we express the zeros of a polynomial?
Trying to express all of them with “rooty expressions” (like \(5+\sqrt{3}\)) really is too complicated for what we are trying to do. Anyway, we know from Galois Theory that this is impossible in general. There is another, more elegant, way to do it:
It is not hard to show that every polynomial have finitely many zeros. So, I could create a system that can enumerate all of them in a given order. I will decide not to count multiplicity of zeros, so \(x^2\) would have just 1 zero.
Let’s take the following zeros of a polynomial in the complex plane:
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(Yes, this polynomial can’t have real coefficients (why?), but the argument still holds.)
Let’s order them using the following conventions: 1) Zeros are ordered by their arguments (angles) 2) But if 2 zeros have the same argument, then they are ordered by their norms
So, we can order the zeros above like that:
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Now, I will introduce “$” in my alphabet. It will work this way:
“ 2$x^5+4x^3-6 ” expresses the 2nd zero of the polynomial \(x^5+4x^3-6\).
And … we are done!
We can express every algebraic number with a finite sequence using a finite alphabet of 15 symbols (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, +, -, ^, x and $). It follows from this that there are countably many algebraic numbers.
Also, knowing that there are uncountably many complex numbers, we’ve just proven that transcendental numbers exist (why?).
From experience, I am sure a “pure mathematician” would have written this entire proof in a single paragraph. So, it really is the shortest proof that I know
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schlesingerlibrary · 6 years
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Some interesting reads from the Papers of Angela Y. Davis (currently in processing): http://id.lib.harvard.edu/aleph/015271703/catalog
Organize! A Working Women's Handbook by Union Women's Alliance to Gain Equality (1975)
101 Reasons to Vote Against Ronald Reagan by Terence Cannon (1984)
Poems of Blackness by Fatmá Cristén (1970)
Women On The Job: The Communist View by Judy Edelman (1973)
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pamphletstoinspire · 6 years
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Catholic Physics - Reflections of a Catholic Scientist - Part 101 - Truth Cannot Contradict Truth - Part 1
With Images:
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/catholic-physics-reflections-scientist-part-101-truth-harold-baines/?published=t
The Catholic Church: Midwife to Science
If we want to understand the relation between what science tells us about the world and Catholic teaching we must first see how the Church has dealt with science. As my wife, a student of medieval history, would put it: “History tells you most of what you need to know about a subject.
Optics Sketch from Roger Bacon’s Notebook (Late 13th Century) from Wikimedia Commons (Caption for linked image)
“The history of science alone can keep the physicist from the mad ambitions of dogmatism as well as the despair of pyrrhonian scepticism.”
Pierre Duhem, “The Aim and Structure of Physical Theory”
SECTION 1: Prologue–The Greek World
There are science-fiction stories, alternate history variety, in which science developed in Greek and Hellenistic civilizations. That it did not, is surprising. Certainly the great minds were there.
Foremost among these great minds was Aristotle, a philosopher, and naturalist; the term “physics” comes from the title of his book “Lectures on Nature” (“Phusike Akroasis”) and although, as Bertrand Russell said about this work and also “On the Heavens”, “there is hardly a sentence in either that is not contradicted by modern science”, it set the stage for logical, rational study of the world around us. Where it fell short was relying not on empirical testing of propositions that seemed self-evident, for example: the heavier the body, the faster it would fall to the earth; an object needed a force to keep it moving or it would stop.
Archimedes Moving the Earth with a Lever from Wikimedia Commons (Caption for linked image)
The Greek Hellenistic world also had its share of great minds. Eratosthenes calculated the size of the earth (accurate to within 200 miles) using trigonometry and sundials at different locations. Archimedes discovered the principle of buoyancy (whence “Eureka”) and set forth quantitative principles for the lever and the screw. He used approximation methods that foreshadowed the calculus to calculate the area and volumes of non-polygon shapes. Hero of Alexandria invented many ingenious engines and formulated a fundamental principle of optics, that light would take the shortest path within a medium.
Why didn’t science come forth from all these inventions and discoveries? Although many bore the marks of genius, they did not correspond to a unified scheme, a core of fundamental theory that is necessary for science. We’ll see in the next section what was done in Medieval Christendom to give a unified scientific picture of the world.
Apollonius: Conic Sections (Caption for linked images)
Hellenistic Math and Science (Caption for linked image)
SECTION 2: St. Augustine–A Theologian for Our Times
“Happy those who feast on wisdom and savor her knowledge, She will nourish and refresh them.” – Hymn for the Office of Readings, 28 August.
St. Augustine and the Fires of Wisdom, Philippe de DeChampaigne (1645) - from Wikimedia Commons (Caption for linked image)
St. Augustine of Hippo lived in the last days of the Roman Empire. He died during the siege of his city by the Vandals. His Confessions should be (indeed are) required reading for all who want to understand what Catholicism is all about. I focus in this chapter on the strikingly modern positions he has taken on topics such as the literal truth of the Old Testament, creation, evolution, and the infinitude of God.
SAINT AUGUSTINE: CREATION
St. Augustine held that God created the universe from nothing. Two fundamental (and surprisingly modern) notions were introduced by Augustine: based on Sirach 18:
1. Creation was instantaneous (6 days were a metaphorical device).
2. Not all animal forms were present initially at creation—for some, the potential or seed to develop later in a different form was given initially.
St. Augustine argued that time began with the creation. He also stressed that one should not use Scripture to contradict what reason and experience (“Science”) tells us about the world:
“Often a non-Christian knows something about the earth, the heavens, and the other parts of the world, about the motions and orbits of the stars and even their sizes and distances…and this knowledge he holds with certainty from reason and experience. It is thus offensive and disgraceful for an unbeliever to hear a Christian talk nonsense about such things, claiming that what he is saying is based in Scripture. We should do all that we can to avoid such an embarrassing situation, lest the unbeliever see only ignorance in the Christian and laugh to scorn.” – De Genesi ad litteram; the Literal Meaning of Genesis, an unfinished work.
SAINT AUGUSTINE: GOD AND INFINITY
Besides being ahead of his time in his ideas about creation, St. Augustine had profound and advanced ideas about the nature of God and infinity. Adam Drozdek (Associate Professor of Computer Science at Duquesne University) has written a fine article about this, Beyond Infinity: Augustine and Cantor, which I’ll try to summarize below:
“There are three important aspects of Augustine’s discussion of the problem of infinity. First, infinity is an inborn concept which enables any knowledge. Second, infinity can be found in the purest form in mathematics, and thus mathematics is the best tool of acquiring knowledge about God. Third, God is neither finite nor infinite and his greatness surpasses even the infinite. [emphasis added] Augustine is original in combining these three aspects in his philosophy; some of them can be found in other philosophers and theologians, but also in mathematicians.” – Adam Drozdek, “Beyond Infinity: Augustine and Cantor”
Augustine anticipates later developments in mathematics, the mathematics of infinity put forth in set theory, orders of infinity as proposed by the nineteenth Century mathematician George Cantor.
“All infinity is in some ineffable way made finite to God,” – St. Augustine, “De Civ. Dei (The City of God)”
That is to say, God can understand all orders of infinity from aleph-0 to aleph-n; God is more, is greater than infinity.
SECTION 3: The Medieval Church, Midwife and Nursemaid to Science
3.1 SCIENCE WAS BORN: THE EDICTS OF PARIS, 1277
Some (perhaps many) atheists and materialists would say that science arose in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, fully mature, like Botticelli’s Venus arising from the ocean. According to them it arose then because Europe had shaken off the limiting bonds of Catholic doctrine.  
Pierre Duhem’s historical studies of science show that this is not so. Rather, Duhem dates the birth of science as 1277, the year the Bishop of Paris, Etienne Tempier, condemned a number of errors from astrology and from the Peripatetic philosophers (those following Aristotle).  The condemned articles contended that the earth could not move, that worlds other than earth could not exist, that empty space (a vacuum) was impossible, and proposed principles of motion that were shown later to be false.
Bishop Tempier condemned the articles not because of scientific errors, but because they apparently limited God’s power.  Once these Peripatetic dicta were declared non-binding, scholars – almost all of them clerics – were able to explore new ways to explain the world around us, ways that would grow into the scientific method.  
For cosmology — the science of the earth’s place in the universe — to come about, the following errors had to be corrected:
•That the earth could not move;
•That the earth was at the center of the universe;
•That different physical laws applied to the earth and to the planets;
•Aristotle’s theory of gravity.
According to Aristotle, gravity manifested itself in the following ways: heavy elements wanted to move to the center of the earth; the heavier the element (the more massive), the faster it would move; the lighter elements, air and fire, would move away from the center of the earth.
For dynamics — the science of motion — to move forward the following error had to be corrected:
“[Aristotle] held that the projectile was moved by the fluid medium, whether air or water, through which it passed and this, by virtue of the vibration brought about in the fluid at the moment of throwing, and spread through it [the vibration through the medium].”  -Pierre Duhem, “History of Physics before Einstein“
When Aristotle’s ideas were no longer regarded as the Ten Commandments of science, cosmology and dynamics could then develop into science as we know it today.
The development of cosmology culminated in the Copernican Revolution, the idea that the earth was no longer the center of the universe but revolved around the sun.  But there was much work preliminary to that – the notion did not spring full-blown to Copernicus. To explore this history in depth, please read Duhem’s “History of Physics before Einstein” (linked above).
3.2 THE INFANCY OF SCIENCE: SOME MEDIEVAL SCIENTISTS
(NOTE: Please see Section 5, section for material on fundamental physics of motion; link is above.)
Even though Pierre Duhem regards the Edicts of Paris as marking the birth of science, there were important contributions before that time. Listed below are a few of those who started up the engine of science—you’ll note that several of them lived before 1277 and that they were all clerics. A more complete history of the advances in mathematics, astronomy and physics achieved during the Medieval Ages is given in Pierre Duhem’s masterwork linked above.
•Robert Grosseteste, Bishop of Lincoln • (1175-1253) introduced a principle fundamental to the practice of science: from particular observations a general law can be derived; then this law can be tested by additional observations of particulars—“resolution and composition”,
•Albertus Magnus (Albert the Great), (1200-1280) is the patron saint of scientists. He was the teacher of St. Thomas Aquinas, and made important contributions in zoology, mineralogy in addition to his important work in theology and philosophy.
•William of Ockham (1285-1350) introduced one of the prime principles of science, “Ockham’s Razor”. This states that one does not multiply hypotheses needlessly to explain a phenomenon. In other words, the simplest explanation that fully explains is the best.
•Jean Buridan (1300-1358) is probably more renowned for his analogy, “Buridan’s Ass”, than for his seminal contributions to the physics of motion: the idea of impetus (what we now call “momentum”) and inertia. Contrary to Aristotle, he maintained that a body would continue moving unless slowed down by friction, such as air resistance. He argued that a thrown body was set into motion by the arm of the thrower, and that the “impetus” of the moving body depended on how heavy it was (its mass) and its speed of motion. These were ideas taken up later by Galileo and Newton.
•Nicolas Oresme (1322-1382) was eminent (as were most Medieval Scholastics) in many fields—astronomy, mathematics, physics, philosophy and theology. He anticipated Galileo by almost a hundred years in proving the mean speed theorem geometrically: the distance covered under uniform acceleration is given by multiplying the average speed by the time.
3.3 GALILEO: SCIENCE ENTERS ADOLESCENCE
The work in physics and cosmology set the stage for Galileo–his important contribution was to introduce experimental tests of mathematical hypotheses. He used inclined plane experiments (I did these in my first year physics lab at Caltech) to formulate mathematical laws of motion about velocity and acceleration; he confirmed the Copernican hypothesis, that the earth revolved around the sun, by telescopic observations (see below). Thus, In the physics of motion–dynamics–he refined the idea of uniform acceleration. It should be noted that Galileo’s ideas about dynamics did not yet reach the stage taught today in first year physics classes,
“He then taught that the motion of a freely falling body was uniformly accelerated; in favour of this law, he contented himself with appealing to its simplicity without considering the continual increase of impetus under the influence of gravity. Gravity creates, in equal periods, a new and uniform impetus which, added to that already acquired, causes the total impetus to increase in arithmetical progression according to the time occupied in the fall; hence the velocity of the falling body.” – Pierre Duhem, History of Physics before Einstein
The picture below illustrates the well-known anecdote: Galileo tested his ideas about gravity and acceleration by dropping a light body (hollow circle) and a heavy body (filled in circle) from the Leaning Tower of Pisa. This was a “thought experiment” of his, not carried out, So we see that although Galileo achieved much in setting physics as a science, he still followed in the tradition of his predecessors.  The relation of acceleration to force had to wait for Newton’s Law, Force= mass x acceleration or F = ma.
Galileo’s Thought Experiment: Heavy and Light Balls fall at the same rate - Adapted from Wikimedia Commons. (Caption for linked image)
Although Galileo made a huge step forward by his use of the telescope contributions to astronomy, he did build on the work of his predecessors. . He argued that the light and shadow patterns on the moon showed that it had mountains. He demonstrated the the planet Jupiter had satellites, and from the differing phases of Venus as it circled the sun, that the sun was the center of the solar system, and the earth orbited the sun. He also demonstrated that the sun had spots that moved with the rotation of the sun.
One point we should emphasize: despite his trials with Church hierarchy (see Section 4), Galileo was a true believer in God as author of a divine order that we could understand through science and mathematics:
“The laws of nature are written by the hand of God in the language of mathematics.” – Galileo Galilei (Il Saggiatore, 1623)
3.4 THE CATHOLIC CHURCH: NURSEMAID TO SCIENCE
Why did this development of physics and cosmology occur begin and grow in Medieval Christendom, but not in the ancient Hellenistic worlds or other civilizations?  Excellent answers have been given in some detail by Fr. Stanley Jaki and Dr. Stacy Trasancos, but I want to add my own opinion.
•First, there was a world view, founded on Judaeo-Christian theology, that God was good and created a universe that was good and meant to be intelligible to mankind.
•Second, as Pierre Duhem pointed out, the Medieval scholars were freed in 1277 from erroneous restrictions they would have had to follow if Aristotle’s principles were to be a compulsory base for theories.
•Third, in the earliest part of this growth they were priests;  this meant that they had time to do scholarly work (as do academics today) and did not have to worry about earning a living from non-scholarly pursuits.
•Fourth, perhaps underlaying all the above, those in the Church were highly motivated to learn—to relate the world around them to that which Revelation and Faith had given them to believe. The term “scholastic” for these Medieval priests was apt indeed.
Finally, I want to emphasize again: there was a continuity of development from the 13th century to Galileo. Although his pioneering development of the experimental method to confirm mathematically expressed theoretical ideas laid the foundations for modern science, science did not spring fully new from Galileo’s work. He built on the work of his predecessors.
From a series of articles written by: Bob Kurland - a Catholic Scientist
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newscheckz · 4 years
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Aleph Hospitality opens Best Western Plus Westlands in Nairobi
New Post has been published on https://newscheckz.com/aleph-hospitality-opens-best-western-plus-westlands-nairobi/
Aleph Hospitality opens Best Western Plus Westlands in Nairobi
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Dubai-based independent hotel management company Aleph Hospitality has opened the Best Western Plus Westlands hotel in Nairobi, Kenya.
The new opening, which introduces the Best Western Plus brand to one of the city’s most sought-after commercial districts, marks Aleph Hospitality’s continued expansion in Kenya, where the company has already signed management contracts for three hotels currently under development: the Protea Hotel by Marriott in Kisumu; an airport hotel in Nairobi and a property in the popular coastal resort of Mombasa.
ALSO READ: PRIDEINN DONATES FOODSTUFF TO VULNERABLE
Bani Haddad, Managing Director, Aleph Hospitality, said: “The opening of Best Western Plus Westlands signals our commitment to Kenya, the third-largest tourism economy in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Best Western Plus Stadium Inn Hotel. PHOTO/COURTESY
“Kenya is a popular destination in the heart of the region and its travel and tourism industry grew 5.6% in 2018, exceeding global and regional levels, according to the WTTC. We are proud to be part of this growth and to support the economy with more than 80 new jobs and the generation of additional international visitors that Best Western Plus Westlands will bring,” said Haddad.
ALSO READ: The Future of Upcoming Cities In Kenya
The hotel’s owner, Amit Lukka, commented: “We are thrilled to find a partner in Aleph Hospitality that supports both our vision for Nairobi’s hospitality sector and our country’s wider efforts to market Kenya as a destination of choice.
“Aleph Hospitality is a trusted and accomplished partner that will manage the hotel on our behalf, driving maximum return on our investment as well as delivering a superior guest experience in collaboration with the prestigious global chain, Best Western. The opening on 14 December was highly anticipated by our colleagues, guests, neighbouring businesses and local dignitaries,” added Lukka.
Best Western Plus Westlands is located in the heart of Nairobi’s social and entertainment hub, the vibrant Westlands district, home to shops, restaurants and numerous corporate headquarters, making it a popular destination for Kenyans, expatriates and visitors.
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Nairobi’s top attractions including the neighbouring Sarit Expo Centre, Nairobi National Park, David Sheldrick Wildlife Trust and the Kenyatta International Conference Centre are also within close reach, making the hotel ideally positioned for both business and leisure travel.
The new, purpose-built hotel features 101 stylish, air-conditioned guest rooms, including spacious Junior Suites with separate living rooms and kitchenettes and a luxurious Penthouse Suite with a private outdoor hot tub.
Best Western Plus Westlands offers free WiFi, a dedicated meetings floor, a gym and two food and beverage outlets – Craft, an all-day-dining restaurant, bar and coffee shop, and Asiatic, a stylish rooftop bar and lounge.
Suzi Yoder, Senior Vice President, International Operations, BWH Hotel Group, said: “We are truly delighted with the addition of the Best Western Plus Westlands, a beautiful new build hotel created with our guests’ needs in mind. The central location is superb for both our corporate clients and leisure travellers and we are proud to now welcome our first guests.”
ALSO READ: Sarova Hotels Reopens Some of Its Branches
Aleph Hospitality, which has earmarked a pipeline of 35 hotels in the Middle East and Africa by 2025, manages hotels directly for owners, either on a franchise basis for branded properties or as a white label operator for independently-branded hotels.
The company operates four hotels in Africa, with six new openings already slated for 2020.
ALSO READ: PRIDEINN HOTELS SET FOR REOPENING
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amaniedoliprane · 5 years
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Exploration du design de l'armure du groupe de passeurs numéro 1 (Velan), et plus précisément de celle d'Aleph ("bœuf" en phénicien et ancêtre du "A" actuel):
(De haut en bas et de gauche à droite)
- vue en contre-plongée des protections du périné et de l'intérieur des cuisses de l'armure Velan.
- Aleph effectuant un virage sec en course rapide.
- Vue en pied et de face d'Aleph.
- épaulière et protection de l'avant bras, du poignet et de la main gauche de l'armure Velan.
- Visage d'Aleph en tenue citadine.
- ébauche pour l’armure de Heth ("mur", ancêtre du "H" actuel)
- Aleph en position de flexion des jambes
Juin 2019
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180brg · 6 years
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Psalm 119
Psalm 119[a]
א Aleph
1 Blessed are those whose ways are blameless,    who walk according to the law of the Lord. 2 Blessed are those who keep his statutes    and seek him with all their heart— 3 they do no wrong    but follow his ways. 4 You have laid down precepts    that are to be fully obeyed. 5 Oh, that my ways were steadfast    in obeying your decrees! 6 Then I would not be put to shame    when I consider all your commands. 7 I will praise you with an upright heart    as I learn your righteous laws. 8 I will obey your decrees;    do not utterly forsake me.
ב Beth
9 How can a young person stay on the path of purity?    By living according to your word. 10 I seek you with all my heart;    do not let me stray from your commands. 11 I have hidden your word in my heart    that I might not sin against you. 12 Praise be to you, Lord;    teach me your decrees. 13 With my lips I recount    all the laws that come from your mouth. 14 I rejoice in following your statutes    as one rejoices in great riches. 15 I meditate on your precepts    and consider your ways. 16 I delight in your decrees;    I will not neglect your word.
ג Gimel
17 Be good to your servant while I live,    that I may obey your word. 18 Open my eyes that I may see    wonderful things in your law. 19 I am a stranger on earth;    do not hide your commands from me. 20 My soul is consumed with longing    for your laws at all times. 21 You rebuke the arrogant, who are accursed,    those who stray from your commands. 22 Remove from me their scorn and contempt,    for I keep your statutes. 23 Though rulers sit together and slander me,    your servant will meditate on your decrees. 24 Your statutes are my delight;    they are my counselors.
ד Daleth
25 I am laid low in the dust;    preserve my life according to your word. 26 I gave an account of my ways and you answered me;    teach me your decrees. 27 Cause me to understand the way of your precepts,    that I may meditate on your wonderful deeds. 28 My soul is weary with sorrow;    strengthen me according to your word. 29 Keep me from deceitful ways;    be gracious to me and teach me your law. 30 I have chosen the way of faithfulness;    I have set my heart on your laws. 31 I hold fast to your statutes, Lord;    do not let me be put to shame. 32 I run in the path of your commands,    for you have broadened my understanding.
ה He
33 Teach me, Lord, the way of your decrees,    that I may follow it to the end.[b] 34 Give me understanding, so that I may keep your law    and obey it with all my heart. 35 Direct me in the path of your commands,    for there I find delight. 36 Turn my heart toward your statutes    and not toward selfish gain. 37 Turn my eyes away from worthless things;    preserve my life according to your word.[c] 38 Fulfill your promise to your servant,    so that you may be feared. 39 Take away the disgrace I dread,    for your laws are good. 40 How I long for your precepts!    In your righteousness preserve my life.
ו Waw
41 May your unfailing love come to me, Lord,    your salvation, according to your promise; 42 then I can answer anyone who taunts me,    for I trust in your word. 43 Never take your word of truth from my mouth,    for I have put my hope in your laws. 44 I will always obey your law,    for ever and ever. 45 I will walk about in freedom,    for I have sought out your precepts. 46 I will speak of your statutes before kings    and will not be put to shame, 47 for I delight in your commands    because I love them. 48 I reach out for your commands, which I love,    that I may meditate on your decrees.
ז Zayin
49 Remember your word to your servant,    for you have given me hope. 50 My comfort in my suffering is this:    Your promise preserves my life. 51 The arrogant mock me unmercifully,    but I do not turn from your law. 52 I remember, Lord, your ancient laws,    and I find comfort in them. 53 Indignation grips me because of the wicked,    who have forsaken your law. 54 Your decrees are the theme of my song    wherever I lodge. 55 In the night, Lord, I remember your name,    that I may keep your law. 56 This has been my practice:    I obey your precepts.
ח Heth
57 You are my portion, Lord;    I have promised to obey your words. 58 I have sought your face with all my heart;    be gracious to me according to your promise. 59 I have considered my ways    and have turned my steps to your statutes. 60 I will hasten and not delay    to obey your commands. 61 Though the wicked bind me with ropes,    I will not forget your law. 62 At midnight I rise to give you thanks    for your righteous laws. 63 I am a friend to all who fear you,    to all who follow your precepts. 64 The earth is filled with your love, Lord;    teach me your decrees.
ט Teth
65 Do good to your servant    according to your word, Lord. 66 Teach me knowledge and good judgment,    for I trust your commands. 67 Before I was afflicted I went astray,    but now I obey your word. 68 You are good, and what you do is good;    teach me your decrees. 69 Though the arrogant have smeared me with lies,    I keep your precepts with all my heart. 70 Their hearts are callous and unfeeling,    but I delight in your law. 71 It was good for me to be afflicted    so that I might learn your decrees. 72 The law from your mouth is more precious to me    than thousands of pieces of silver and gold.
י Yodh
73 Your hands made me and formed me;    give me understanding to learn your commands. 74 May those who fear you rejoice when they see me,    for I have put my hope in your word. 75 I know, Lord, that your laws are righteous,    and that in faithfulness you have afflicted me. 76 May your unfailing love be my comfort,    according to your promise to your servant. 77 Let your compassion come to me that I may live,    for your law is my delight. 78 May the arrogant be put to shame for wronging me without cause;    but I will meditate on your precepts. 79 May those who fear you turn to me,    those who understand your statutes. 80 May I wholeheartedly follow your decrees,    that I may not be put to shame.
כ Kaph
81 My soul faints with longing for your salvation,    but I have put my hope in your word. 82 My eyes fail, looking for your promise;    I say, “When will you comfort me?” 83 Though I am like a wineskin in the smoke,    I do not forget your decrees. 84 How long must your servant wait?    When will you punish my persecutors? 85 The arrogant dig pits to trap me,    contrary to your law. 86 All your commands are trustworthy;    help me, for I am being persecuted without cause. 87 They almost wiped me from the earth,    but I have not forsaken your precepts. 88 In your unfailing love preserve my life,    that I may obey the statutes of your mouth.
ל Lamedh
89 Your word, Lord, is eternal;    it stands firm in the heavens. 90 Your faithfulness continues through all generations;    you established the earth, and it endures. 91 Your laws endure to this day,    for all things serve you. 92 If your law had not been my delight,    I would have perished in my affliction. 93 I will never forget your precepts,    for by them you have preserved my life. 94 Save me, for I am yours;    I have sought out your precepts. 95 The wicked are waiting to destroy me,    but I will ponder your statutes. 96 To all perfection I see a limit,    but your commands are boundless.
מ Mem
97 Oh, how I love your law!    I meditate on it all day long. 98 Your commands are always with me    and make me wiser than my enemies. 99 I have more insight than all my teachers,    for I meditate on your statutes. 100 I have more understanding than the elders,    for I obey your precepts. 101 I have kept my feet from every evil path    so that I might obey your word. 102 I have not departed from your laws,    for you yourself have taught me. 103 How sweet are your words to my taste,    sweeter than honey to my mouth! 104 I gain understanding from your precepts;    therefore I hate every wrong path.
נ Nun
105 Your word is a lamp for my feet,    a light on my path. 106 I have taken an oath and confirmed it,    that I will follow your righteous laws. 107 I have suffered much;    preserve my life, Lord, according to your word. 108 Accept, Lord, the willing praise of my mouth,    and teach me your laws. 109 Though I constantly take my life in my hands,    I will not forget your law. 110 The wicked have set a snare for me,    but I have not strayed from your precepts. 111 Your statutes are my heritage forever;    they are the joy of my heart. 112 My heart is set on keeping your decrees    to the very end.[d]
ס Samekh
113 I hate double-minded people,    but I love your law. 114 You are my refuge and my shield;    I have put my hope in your word. 115 Away from me, you evildoers,    that I may keep the commands of my God! 116 Sustain me, my God, according to your promise, and I will live;    do not let my hopes be dashed. 117 Uphold me, and I will be delivered;    I will always have regard for your decrees. 118 You reject all who stray from your decrees,    for their delusions come to nothing. 119 All the wicked of the earth you discard like dross;    therefore I love your statutes. 120 My flesh trembles in fear of you;    I stand in awe of your laws.
ע Ayin
121 I have done what is righteous and just;    do not leave me to my oppressors. 122 Ensure your servant’s well-being;    do not let the arrogant oppress me. 123 My eyes fail, looking for your salvation,    looking for your righteous promise. 124 Deal with your servant according to your love    and teach me your decrees. 125 I am your servant; give me discernment    that I may understand your statutes. 126 It is time for you to act, Lord;    your law is being broken. 127 Because I love your commands    more than gold, more than pure gold, 128 and because I consider all your precepts right,    I hate every wrong path.
פ Pe
129 Your statutes are wonderful;    therefore I obey them. 130 The unfolding of your words gives light;    it gives understanding to the simple. 131 I open my mouth and pant,    longing for your commands. 132 Turn to me and have mercy on me,    as you always do to those who love your name. 133 Direct my footsteps according to your word;    let no sin rule over me. 134 Redeem me from human oppression,    that I may obey your precepts. 135 Make your face shine on your servant    and teach me your decrees. 136 Streams of tears flow from my eyes,    for your law is not obeyed.
צ Tsadhe
137 You are righteous, Lord,    and your laws are right. 138 The statutes you have laid down are righteous;    they are fully trustworthy. 139 My zeal wears me out,    for my enemies ignore your words. 140 Your promises have been thoroughly tested,    and your servant loves them. 141 Though I am lowly and despised,    I do not forget your precepts. 142 Your righteousness is everlasting    and your law is true. 143 Trouble and distress have come upon me,    but your commands give me delight. 144 Your statutes are always righteous;    give me understanding that I may live.
ק Qoph
145 I call with all my heart; answer me, Lord,    and I will obey your decrees. 146 I call out to you; save me    and I will keep your statutes. 147 I rise before dawn and cry for help;    I have put my hope in your word. 148 My eyes stay open through the watches of the night,    that I may meditate on your promises. 149 Hear my voice in accordance with your love;    preserve my life, Lord, according to your laws. 150 Those who devise wicked schemes are near,    but they are far from your law. 151 Yet you are near, Lord,    and all your commands are true. 152 Long ago I learned from your statutes    that you established them to last forever.
ר Resh
153 Look on my suffering and deliver me,    for I have not forgotten your law. 154 Defend my cause and redeem me;    preserve my life according to your promise. 155 Salvation is far from the wicked,    for they do not seek out your decrees. 156 Your compassion, Lord, is great;    preserve my life according to your laws. 157 Many are the foes who persecute me,    but I have not turned from your statutes. 158 I look on the faithless with loathing,    for they do not obey your word. 159 See how I love your precepts;    preserve my life, Lord, in accordance with your love. 160 All your words are true;    all your righteous laws are eternal.
ש Sin and Shin
161 Rulers persecute me without cause,    but my heart trembles at your word. 162 I rejoice in your promise    like one who finds great spoil. 163 I hate and detest falsehood    but I love your law. 164 Seven times a day I praise you    for your righteous laws. 165 Great peace have those who love your law,    and nothing can make them stumble. 166 I wait for your salvation, Lord,    and I follow your commands. 167 I obey your statutes,    for I love them greatly. 168 I obey your precepts and your statutes,    for all my ways are known to you.
ת Taw
169 May my cry come before you, Lord;    give me understanding according to your word. 170 May my supplication come before you;    deliver me according to your promise. 171 May my lips overflow with praise,    for you teach me your decrees. 172 May my tongue sing of your word,    for all your commands are righteous. 173 May your hand be ready to help me,    for I have chosen your precepts. 174 I long for your salvation, Lord,    and your law gives me delight. 175 Let me live that I may praise you,    and may your laws sustain me. 176 I have strayed like a lost sheep.    Seek your servant,    for I have not forgotten your commands.
Footnotes:
Psalm 119:1 This psalm is an acrostic poem, the stanzas of which begin with successive letters of the Hebrew alphabet; moreover, the verses of each stanza begin with the same letter of the Hebrew alphabet.
Psalm 119:33 Or follow it for its reward
Psalm 119:37 Two manuscripts of the Masoretic Text and Dead Sea Scrolls; most manuscripts of the Masoretic Text life in your way
Psalm 119:112 Or decrees / for their enduring reward
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