anyway, Pope Francis is dumb as hell, he praises Russia's anti-Catholic, barbaric history.
russians: persecute catholics and destroy their country (e.g. after they invaded poland, they closed many roman catholic churches and turned them into orthodox churches, they did not allow people to build catholic churches, they persecuted priests, they hanged many priests who were against russian occupation, Tsarina Catherine personally forbade any contact with Rome, Nicholas I closed many monasteries, churches in poland (1832), he stole their property (1842), he sent many priests to forced labour, e.g. they sent many to Siberia for hard labor, + they especially hated and persecuted greek catholics/byzantine rite catholics)
Pope Francis: what a wonderful legacy 😍
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Liturgical Elements: The Embolism
In the liturgical rubrics of the Mass, the "embolism" refers to a short prayer spoken out loud by the priest after the congregation has collectively recited the Lord's Prayer. According to Nicholas Ayo (The Lord's Prayer: A Survey Theological and Literary, page 196), "the embolism functions like a marginal gloss, an explanation of the last line of the Pater, and an unfolding of its many implications."
In reformed liturgy of the Roman Church, the English translation of the embolism is as follows:
Deliver us, Lord, we pray, from every evil; graciously grant peace in our days, that, by the help of Your mercy, we may be always free from sin and safe from all distress, as we await the blessed hope and the coming of our Savior, Jesus Christ.
In the Tridentine form of the Roman Mass, a longer embolism was recited:
Deliver us, we beseech Thee, O Lord, from all evils past, present, and to come; and by the intercession of the Blessed and glorious ever-Virgin Mary, Mother of God, together with Thy blessed Apostles Peter and Paul and Andrew, and all the saints, mercifully grant peace in our days, that sustained by help of Thy mercy we may be always free from sin and safe from all disturbance. Through the same Jesus Christ, Thy Son, Our Lord, who lives and reigns with Thee in the unity of the Holy Spirit, God, for ever and ever.
The Ambrosian Rite, being another Latin rite, has an embolism that is unsurprisingly similar to the Tridentine one:
Deliver us, we beseech Thee, O Lord, from all evils past, present, and to come; and at the intercession for us of Blessed Mary who brought forth our God and Lord, Jesus Christ; and of Thy holy Apostles Peter and Paul and Andrew, and of blessed Ambrose Thy confessor and bishop, together with all Thy saints, favorably give peace in our days, that assisted by the help of Thy mercy we may be both delivered from sin and safe from all turmoil. Fulfill this by Him with whom Thou livest blessed and reignest God, in the unity of the Holy Spirit, for ever and ever.
The embolism was not only an element of Roman liturgies, either. Take, for example, this embolism used by the Syro-Malankara Catholic Church (notice how the doxology that follows the modern Roman embolism is instead integrated into this one):
Merciful Lord, lover of all mankind, do not let us be overcome by temptation, but deliver us from the rebellious evil one and his perverse and evil ways. For the kingdom, the power, and the glory belong to You and Your Only Son and Your Holy Spirit, now and always and forever.
Here is the embolism of the Syro-Malabar Church, reflecting the Eastern Syriac rather than Western Syriac tradition:
Lord, God Almighty! Fullness of all goodness! Our Merciful Father! We entreat You for Your mercy. Do not lead us into temptation. Deliver us from the evil one and his hosts. For Yours is the kingdom, the might, the power, and the dominion in heaven and earth, now, always, and forever.
In the Greek liturgies, the embolism only survives in the Liturgy of Saint James, which has the following:
Lord, lead us not into temptation, O Lord of hosts! For Thou dost know our frailty; but deliver us from the wicked one, from all his works, from all his assaults and craftiness; through Thy Holy Name, which we call upon to guard us in our loneliness.
On a final note, Fr. Frederick Holweck, the author of the Catholic Encyclopedia's article on the embolism, thought that the Mozarabic embolism in particular was "very beautiful." In addition to being said after the Our Father at Mass, the following prayer was also said after the Our Father in the Mozarabic Church's Morning and Evening prayers:
Delivered from all evil, strengthened forever in good, may we be worthy to serve Thee, our God and Lord: and put an end, O Lord, to our sins; grant joy to them that are afflicted; bestow redemption upon the captives, health upon the sick, and repose to the departed. Grant peace and safety in all our days, shatter the audacity of our enemies, and hearken, O God, to all the prayers of Thy servants, all faithful Christians, upon this day and at all times. Through Our Lord Jesus Christ, Thy Son, who liveth and reigneth with Thee in the unity of the Holy Spirit, God, ever through all the ages of ages.
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The village of Pazzano and the ancient Hermit of Santa Maria della Stella, Calabria, Italy
Pazzano is quaint little village situated between Monte Stella and Monte Consolino and it extends to the north to the lush green Serre mountains.
The most important thing to see in Pazzano is the Hermit of Santa Maria della Stella, an ancient byzantine hermitage sited in a natural cave on Monte Stella.
In the 11th century Byzantine monks lived in the sanctuary. Cristodulo was one of the first the Hegumen. In 1096, it became a minor monastery. In the Norman period it was converted to a Catholic monastery.
Inside the hermitage there is a 16th-century statue of Madonna in marble and Byzantine frescos representing saints.
Photos by Antonella Gentile
Follow us on Instagram, @calabria_mediterranea
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