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everydayshalloween · 2 years

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eleanor of aquitaine, both husbands, kids from both marriages, and any grandchildren you prefer <3

Aight that is indeed a lot of people...LET'S DO IT :D They'll be pretty short bc that's a lot of people

Eleanor of Aquitaine:

-One hell of a sarcastic woman, everything she says usually bleeds sarcasm (her daughter Matilda is equally just as sarcastic)

-Somehow has the patience to put up with her kids' dumbassery

-T A L L W O M A N (very tall I don't make the rules)

-Says she loves her kids equally, but prefers her daughters (and Richard) more

-Remember how I said Empress Matilda is intimidating? Meet her equally intimidating daughter in-law

Henry II:

-Poor guy misses half of his wife's sarcasm and then immediately turns to stare at her like "wait a god damn minute"

-"I don't know where my sons got the idea of teenage rebellion from-" Has family members who are the living definition of teenage rebellion

-While his wife is tall af, he's actually pretty average. So their children range from tall to short.

-"I had a bad day and will now proceed to make it everyone's problem :)"

Louis VII:

-Well y'know, one day you're married and have 2 beautiful daughters and the next day you're a single dad

-Tries his best to be a dad, but let's be real dad wasn't part of the job description

-Watches the absolute chaos that is his ex-wife's new family with a bowl of popcorn

-Pretty much a girl dad because that's what happens when you have 5 daughters

Marie of France (the eldest):

-On pretty good terms with her half-siblings on both sides, but holy SHIT is it tiring to be the eldest on both sides

-Pretty chill mom (four kids are easy to manage)

-Geoffrey would probably be her favorite brother. As for favorite sister? She won't say anything.

-Actually has a little bit of sass in her, she just doesn't show it.

Alix of France:

-Way to happy to be here

-Much like her older sister, she's a pretty chill mom; however, 7 kids is a lot more work than 4 kids

-Tougher than she looks with an added bonus of some of her mother's sarcasm

-Her and Eleanor, Fair Maid of Brittany would've gotten along SO well. She would've been the BEST aunt hands down.

William of England (the baby):

-Baby

-Absolute baby

-That's it send tweet

Henry the Young King:

-Best big brother...but only to his younger sisters. His brothers can go suck an egg half the time.

-I feel like he totally could be like his mother if he wanted to. Just to piss his father off.

-Him and Matilda are the number one sibling duo they do everything together

-Him and Margaret of France? Best friends to husband and wife. You can't convince me otherwise.

Matilda of England:

-Looks like her mom, acts like her mom. (Mom loves it, dad hates it. Grandma however gets a kick out of it)

-100% done with her siblings' shit

-Probably told the Holy Roman Emperor to fuck off after giving birth to her third kid.

-Absolutely 100% done with that guy's shit too btw.

Richard the Lionheart:

-His mother absolutely adores him as much as his sisters

-Him and his wife have a somewhat healthy relationship that's much better than his parents (I said what I said) however, they're more friends than a married couple

-Him and his sister Joan are the MOST CHAOTIC PAIR IN THE WHOLE FAMILY

-Stopped giving a fuck by the time he was a teenager (that was a GREAT decision)

Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany:

-He's the sibling who has dirt on anyone and everyone who fucked with him

-Would have a mug that says "#1 Dad" let's be real. He'd also be the type of dad who shows off photos of his kids bc he's so proud.

-Probably the only brother with a marriage effective in both the management and family life departments

-"Of course I'm friends with Dad's enemy's son and Richard's maybe-boyfriend. What's the worst that could happen?" Famous last words-

Eleanor of England, Queen of Castile:

-Named after her mother, acts nothing like her

-Would probably cry if someone yells at her

-Best mom ever (her and Geoffrey would probably just talk about their kids for hours)

-"We just have a few kids, nothing too bad." Has more than "a few" kids

Joan of England:

-Looks like her dad, acts a LOT like her grandmother and mother

-Takes NO shit from anyone (probably called the king of Cyprus a bitch after her and her sister in-law shipwrecked and he captured them)

-Remember how Joan's mom is tall and her dad isn't as tall? Well...Joan's short. Very short. Which adds to the chaos levels.

-The amount of S A S S this woman radiates

King John (the youngest):

-Probably gets picked on for being the baby of the family

-"Yes I know I married a 12 year old. What about it?"

-I would say good uncle since several of his siblings had kids, but *gestures to the whole mess with Geoffrey's kids*

-Tried to be a good dad, but y'know

And now...some of the MANY grandkids...

Berengaria, Queen of Castile:

-The apple of her parents' eyes and the eldest

-Best big sister best big sister BEST BIG SIS-

-Best mom as well

-Has no idea what kind of stuff her family's on

Eleanor, Fair Maid of Brittany:

-Her parents' baby (until her sister was born)

-Would absolutely give her uncle and cousin hell for what they did if they weren't kings (and if her dad hadn't beaten her to it)

-Would've adored her half-sisters from her mother's third marriage

-Something tells me she probably would've adopted some of her dad's behaviors (because that's the Plantagenet way)

Arthur I, Duke of Brittany:

-I've made several posts about him, so...coolest big brother ever. He lets his little sisters sit with him in meetings.

-Probably acts a lot like his mother, but has a bit of the anger that runs through his dad's family

-If him and Philip II of France's daughter Marie had married...I'm predicting a possible power couple right there.

-He would've been a great king god damn it John-

Joan, Queen of Scotland:

-Hopeless romantic 100%

-Gets along with her brothers so well, it almost rivals Henry the Young King and Matilda

-Is very much like her aunt Eleanor, she will cry if someone yells at her

-Tries not to pay attention to her shitstorm of a family

Marie of Champagne, Latin Empress:

-The younger daughter and namesake of Marie of France, she is the spitting image of her mother and acts almost exactly like her.

-Absolutely adores her two daughters despite the small amount of time she had with them.

-Her husband is head over heels in love with her, but she wishes he would just...calm down a little bit.

-Got along with her siblings for the most part

#long post #this took a while #hope you like it :D

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justadram · 2 years

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Did Eleanor, Fair Maid of Brittany have anyone who was properly good to her? She seemed to have been screwed over by so many of her family, even her own mother didn’t considered her her heir

I suppose it depends on your definition of "good to her." Her house arrest was pretty upscale and she lived as a princess, but she was under arrest for no crimes other than being the rightful heir. So. I mean, there may have been people who supported her, but she was a pawn like the majority of royal women at the time.

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historicwomendaily · 3 years

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the granddaughters of henry ii and eleanor of aquitaine

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aegor-bamfsteel · 3 years

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if Daena was alive during 1st blackfyre rebellion would that change anything? like number of supporters/results and all.

If Daena had lived to 196AC, I don’t think the Blackfyre Rebellion as we know it would’ve happened. So many events had to occur to even get Aegon IV desperate enough to recognize Daemon in 182AC (the key people involved except Aegon had to be dead; all of his other acknowledged sons had to be “unsuitable” in some way; Aegon’s poor health in his later years meant he was likely to die without seeing any potential healthy sons grow up), that Daena living into Da3ron II’s reign would probably have resulted in Daemon never being acknowledged. Daena famously refused to name the father of her son, preferring that no man gain influence over her and Daemon. If Aegon tried to acknowledge Daemon, she could simply deny the story; if even his mother denied his paternity, it’d be unlikely the majority of people would accept the claim that Daemon was legally Aegon’s. Thus Aegon wouldn’t have given him Blackfyre, legitimized him on his deathbed, arranged a marriage contract, etc and Daemon would legally be the son of Daena and no man.

The question is then if Daena had any interest in claiming the Iron Throne in her own name after Baelor’s death.

We know that some smallfolk and minor lords wanted her as queen, and from GRRM’s SSM that she was angry the other lords “set aside” (not legally dismissed via Great Council) her claim on account of her sex, but that afterward she and her son retained some support. Her parallels with Eleanor the Fair Maid of Brittany (heir to the English crown by primogeniture, kept imprisoned for decades by male relatives who probably murdered her brother, several escape attempts, had the love of the local people, never allowed to marry but described as “beautiful and defiant” into her 30s), Mary Queen of Scots (ruler of Scotland, married at a young age to a sickly king, stereotyped as a cold-hearted adulteress, had a child with her bloodthirsty cousin, imprisoned first by treacherous lords then by her other cousin Elizabeth, her aborted escape from the Loch Leven castle disguised as a laundress brings to mind Daena’s attempted escape from the Maidenvault disguised as a washerwoman), and even Urraca the Reckless of Leon imply she wouldn’t be one to give up on the throne even after it was usurped; on the other hand, her characterization from before her imprisonment as strong-willed but dutiful (she had to give up on her dream of riding in tourneys; and despite being married to Baelor—who she probably did not desire—she tried to do her duty by him yet didn’t resort to underhanded methods) seems to indicate she’d put these dreams on hold out of respect for her family and Daemon’s safety. Hence why it doesn’t appear she made any serious open bids for the throne in the original timeline, and early in Aegon’s reign would’ve been the best time.

tl;dr If Daena had lived into 196AC, I don’t think Aegon would’ve been able to acknowledge Daemon due to her continued denial of his paternity. Thus there would be no “Blackfyre rebellion” as Daemon would not be a Blackfyre, nor would he have a claim to the throne through Aegon (Da3ron’s II’s court cronyism, elitism, and one-sided treaty he made no effort to sell to his people probably means there would be fighting; I don’t think Daemon would be a rallying figure, though). Daena and Daemon still have royal claims, and they might’ve pursued them (although I don’t know how seriously, especially if Daena wished to keep herself unmarried and without a legitimate heir. Urraca of Leon managed to keep her queenship and had two illegitimate sons, but she had a legitimate son from a prior marriage to succeed her) but I’m inclined to believe, given Westerosi prejudice against heiresses and illegitimate children, that they wouldn’t have gotten as much support.

#ask #what if #daena targaryen #daena the defiant #daemon blackfyre #asoiaf

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mariedemedicis · 5 years

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me vastly overthinking: so eleanor’s sons who had daughters (so just john and geoffrey lmao) all named one for their mother

[brief aside for this sick burn on henry the young king:

"The Young Henry was the only one of his family who was popular in his own day....the only one who gave no evidence of political sagacity, military skill, or even ordinary intelligence...", and elaborated in a later book, "He was gracious, benign, affable, courteous, the soul of liberality and generosity. Unfortunately he was also shallow, vain, careless, high-hoped, incompetent, improvident, and irresponsible."

also i kind of question the ‘only one of his family who was popular in his own day’, that might have been true largely of the boys but i’m fairly certain that h2 was initially quite popular, eleanor was definitely popular in aquitaine, richard was also popular in aquitaine, far more so than h2, and faced with john looming on the horizon, i can’t doubt that richard was viewed in a rosy glow far beyond what he deserved.

plus what about the girls? hello]

matilda, the oldest girl, might have had a daughter called eleanor in 1178 who died young (or she might not have)

eleanor’s middle daughter, eleanor, was presumably named after her but then things get kind of meta because was eleanor the younger’s daughter named for herself or for her mother? or like both, technically, no matter the specific original intention?

but joan the youngest daughter does not seem to have named any daughters for her mother or her father for that matter (though that’s a whole ‘nother kettle of fish) but she did name her last child after her favorite brother richard

anyway, am i reading too much into the idea that joan was the only one with a daughter who didn’t name her after her mother? quite possibly. maybe if she’d had more than one, she might have named one for eleanor

obviously, neither marie nor alix named any daughters eleanor but that should come as no surprise really

eleanor’s granddaughter namesakes:

eleanor of saxony (1178 - ???), granddaughter through matilda, died young

eleanor, fair maid of brittany (1184 - 1241), granddaughter through geoffrey, imprisoned by her uncle john, never married, no issue

eleanor of castile (1200 - 1244), granddaughter through eleanor, married james i of aragon, had one son alfonso

eleanor of england, countess of leicester (1215 - 1275), granddaughter through john, married (1) william marshal, 2nd earl of pembroke; (2) simon de montfort, 6th earl of leicester, 7 children including a daughter eleanor de montfort (1252 - 1282)

#sinika mumbles

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angevinworld-blog · 7 years

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Death of Geoffrey Plantagenet, Duke of Brittany

On this day in history in 1186, Geoffrey Plantagenet died in Paris. He was the fourth of five sons born to Henry II, King of England, and Eleanor, Duchess of Aquitaine. He died unexpectedly at the age of 27, in the prime of his life. There is also evidence that he might have died on the 21st of August, 1186.

Geoffrey is one of the forgotten Angevin royals: he is rarely the focus of historians because he died young and was the only son of Henry and Eleanor who survived to adulthood, yet never wore a crown. In Angevin history, he has been called “a duke among kings.”

He was born at Beaumont Palace, Oxford. In her biography of Eleanor of Aquitaine, Marion Meade wrote of his birth:

“On September 23, 1158, without fuss or fanfare and almost seeming to be an afterthought, she [Eleanor] gave birth to another son, Geoffrey.”

Geoffrey’s Personality

There are no portraits of Geoffrey Plantagenet at any age known to exist. According to contemporary chronicles, Geoffrey was dark-haired and short of stature; he had an average appearance and was not considered good-looking, charming, or charismatic. He was probably the most intelligent son of Eleanor and Henry, but he used his talents for selfish schemes.

Geoffrey in the movie “Lion in the Winter”

It’s likely that the young Geoffrey was often overshadowed by the towering personalities which dominated the royal family. His father ruled vast lands and was one of the wealthiest and most successful kings of his time. His mother had been Queen of France before becoming Queen of England, and through the strength and determination of her personality, she maintained control over the vast, prosperous, and strategic Duchy of Aquitaine. Geoffrey’s two older brothers were the ambitious Henry the Younger and the man who would become famous as Richard the Lionheart.

Participation in “The Great Revolt of 1173-74”

These internal family tensions and ambitions led to what is today called, “The Great Revolt of 1173-74.”

Events in Normandy, summer 1173

At the age of fifteen, Geoffrey found himself swept up in this revolt against his father, although it is doubtful that he played any significant role in the events of the time. Eventually, Geoffrey and his brothers reconciled to Henry, and a truce was reached at Gisors in 1174. Unfortunately, this uneasy peace within the Plantagenet royal family was not destined to last.

Duke of Brittany

In July 1181, Geoffrey became the Duke of Brittany and Earl of Richmond upon his marriage to Constance, Duchess of Brittany. It was a marriage that had been carefully orchestrated by Henry II.

Constance, Duchess of Brittany

Years earlier, Henry had helped Conan IV, Duke of Brittany put down an uprising. Duke Conan might have assumed that Henry was helping him maintain control over the Duchy of Brittany, but Henry’s motives were much more mercenary: Henry decided that Brittany’s location on the western border of Normandy made it a desirable addition to his expansive kingdom.

After putting down the revolt in Brittany, Henry forced Conan to abdicate his title to his five year old daughter, Constance, and then he betrothed the little duchess to eight year old Geoffrey. According to Everard, Henry needed Conan’s abdication to prevent any son of the duke from inheriting the duchy in the future.

Geoffrey Plantagenet and his wife, Constance, had three children:

Eleanor, Fair Maid of Brittany, (1184–1241);

Maud/Matilda of Brittany (died in May 1189);

Arthur I, Duke of Brittany (he was born in 1187, after Geoffrey’s death, and was presumably killed in 1203 by his uncle, John I of England).

Another Revolt

By 1182, Plantagenet family tensions were once again reaching a boiling point.

Henry the Young King grew increasingly frustrated that his coronation had brought him relatively little wealth and no real power. Meanwhile, Richard ruled Aquitaine, where disgruntled nobles were able to exploit the tensions between the three brothers. Geoffrey joined Henry the Young King and threatened Richard. King Henry was required to intervene in an attempt to cool the tempers of his fractious brood.

Revolt against Henry II

It is the resolution of this second revolt where historians get their first glimpse of Geoffrey’s nature and temperament. Henry II and his sons all met in Anjou, at Mirabel, and the three sons took oaths that they would be obedient to the rightful King of England, their father, and would not rebel again.

Soon after taking this oath, Henry the Young King contracted dysentery in June 1183 and died in the Castle of Martel, near Limoges.

Following this second revolt, we get our first glimpse into the nature and personality of Geoffrey from a chronicler of the time, Roger of Hoveden:

“But the said Geoffrey, utterly forgetful of God and of respect for his father, and unmindful of his commands, did not bring peace, but the sword, and, slighting his oath, his homage, and the fealty which he had so often sworn to his father, entered into a compact with the enemies of his father, for the purpose of harassing him, and induced a sacrilegious race, and one detested by the Church of Rome, to ravage the territories of his father.”

Geoffrey allied himself with John Lackland, his youngest brother, against Richard. Later he joined with young Philippe Augustus, the King of France, against both his father and Richard. In response, Henry II made increasingly violent assaults upon any castle or fiefdom allied with Geoffrey, and, eventually, Henry and Richard captured all the rebellious castles, some of which they razed to the ground.

According to contemporary sources, Geoffrey didn’t have Richard’s great military talent, but he was a ruthless warrior who was capable of terrifying acts of violence. He was best known for his propensity to do anything to get his way. If he needed to raise funds for his campaigns, he attacked and robbed monasteries and abbeys, and it was this lack of reverence that earned him the displeasure of the Church.

Historians about Geoffrey

Roger of Hoveden called Geoffrey ‘that son of iniquity and perdition.’ In her book “Eleanor of Aquitaine: By the Wrath of God, Queen of England,” Alison Weir writes:

“Geoffrey’s life would be that of an ambitious and opportunistic robber baron. Ruthless in warfare, he plundered at will, not hesitating to sack abbeys and shrines. He had few scruples, and confronted his critics with devious and shameless excuses.”

Geoffrey with his mother, Eleanor, in the movie “Lion in the Winter”

In his biography of Henry II of England, Richard Barber says:

“Geoffrey, though skilled in military affairs, eloquent and astute, never won men’s hearts or admiration as his elder brothers had done; he took after his Angevin grandfather, in whose dry and ambitious nature these three qualities predominated.”

Geoffrey Plantagenet was a good friend of Philippe Augustus, the son of King Louis VII of France. He spent time at the French court in Paris, and Philippe even made him his seneschal (a royal steward overseeing the entire country), much to the displeasure of the English monarch. Philippe and Geoffrey acted in alliance against Henry II in the revolt of 1183-1184. Some evidence supports the claim that the two men were planning another rebellion against Henry II in the summer of 1186, but Geoffrey’s sudden death precluded them from launching it.

Having conspired sometimes with and sometimes against his elder brothers and his father, Geoffrey Plantagenet, Duke of Brittany, acquired a reputation for treachery and perdition.

A Cambro-Norman archdeacon of Brecon and historian, Gerald of Wales was a royal clerk to the king and two archbishops. He often traveled and wrote detailed chronicles. He wrote the following of Geoffrey, Duke of Brittany:

“He has more aloes than honey in him; his tongue is smoother than oil; his sweet and persuasive eloquence has enabled him to dissolve the firmest alliances and by his powers of language able to corrupt two kingdoms; of tireless endeavour, a hypocrite in everything, a deceiver and a dissembler.”

Death in Paris

At the time of his death, Geoffrey Plantagenet was at the French court. There are two alternative accounts of his death. The most popular version is that the Duke of Brittany was trampled to death in a jousting tournament. According to Roger of Hoveden, Philip was so grief-stricken and devastated that he attempted jumping into the coffin – this is likely an exaggeration, although other chronicles also give some details of Philip’s hysterical grief.

Geoffrey’s tombstone

According to the chronicle of the French Royal clerk Rigord, Geoffrey died of sudden acute chest pain in his chest, which was said to be his punishment for plotting against his father and for his lack of respect to the Lord. In this chronicle, it is said that Geoffrey was struck by that illness immediately after boasting to Philippe of his intention to lay Normandy to waste. It is typical of this time period for chroniclers to invent a manner of death that provides a sense of justice for the sins of the person who has died. Most historians doubt the veracity of this account of Geoffrey’s death.

Likewise, some historians think that the story of Geoffrey’s death in a tournament was invented by Philip in order to keep Henry II from learning about a new plot against him.

However, it is known that Geoffrey Plantagenet enjoyed tournaments and did participate in them.

Because he drew his last breath in France, Geoffrey’s body was not taken to England for burial. He was put to eternal rest in the choir of Notre Dame de Paris Cathedral, but his tombstone was destroyed in the 18th century, before the French revolution.

All images are in the public domain.

#plantagenet #geoffrey plantagenet #plantagenets #Angevins #medieval history #medieval

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weavingthetapestry · 7 years

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12th June 1153- Death of Henry of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon and Northumbria

(Drawing of the seal of Henry of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon and Northumbria. Not my picture)

On this day in 1153, Henry of Scotland, the only surviving son and heir of King David I of Scotland, died. Likely born sometime around 1114, to David’s wife Maud de Senlis, Henry was not only the heir to the Scottish kingdom but also inherited the English earldom of Huntingdon from his mother (despite having older half-siblings) and further obtained the earldom of Northumbria, which became the centre of Henry and his father’s southern ambitions as they expanded Scottish interests in the north of England. He also took part in several important engagements during the English civil war known as the Anarchy, fighting on both sides, and twice narrowly escaped capture. Like his father, Henry has benefited over the centuries from a generally positive historical reputation. The English cleric and writer Ailred of Rievaulx, who grew up partly at the Scottish court, wrote about Henry around a year after his death, describing him as:

“a man gentle and devout, a person of sweet spirit and cheerful heart and worthy in every way to be born of such a father. I lived with him from the very cradle. I grew up with him, boys together, and even when we were both adolescents I knew him. To serve Christ I left him while he was stamping out the flowers of youth, as I did his father, whom I loved beyond all mortals, at that time illustrious in the flower of old age. I left them bodily, but never in my mind or my heart.”

There is some obvious hyperbole here, but in another work of Ailred’s (his account of the Battle of the Standard) Henry still comes off relatively well, even better than his father, while other near-contemporaries seem to have held him in some regard. In many respects, he might be seen as a particularly able ‘king who never was’.

In 1139, as a result of the tangled politics of the Anarchy, Henry had married Ada de Warenne, the daughter of the earl of Surrey and half-sister to Robert, Earl of Leicester, one of King Stephen’s major supporters (the intention of binding Henry more firmly to Stephen’s cause by this marriage was not entirely achieved though). The marriage was nearly a very short one however, as, if we are to believe Bernard of Clairvaux’s account of the life of St Malachy of Armagh, Henry had fallen ill by autumn of 1140, and was only saved from the brink of death by the saint’s blessing. This has sometimes been taken as evidence that Henry had been suffering from bouts of illness for some time prior to his death. Nonetheless, this time he had survived and the next year witnessed the birth of his eldest son Malcolm.

Henry’s actual death, when it came in June of 1152, was a huge blow to his father David I, who was getting older and now feared for the succession (succession to the Scottish throne was not yet firmly dictated by primogeniture and even by that rule there were actually better claimants than Henry’s sons). David immediately entrusted Henry’s oldest son Malcolm to the earl of Fife, who conveyed him around the kingdom as heir, while Henry’s second son William was invested with the earldom of Northumbria. David himself died just under a year later in Carlisle and thus Henry’s twelve year old son became Malcolm IV of Scotland. Fortunately, there does not seem to have been any major domestic challenge to the young boy’s succession to the throne, though the lack of an adult heir to both the earldom of Northumbria was possibly a major reason for the collapse of the powerful networks David and Henry had carefully built up in the north of England, frustrating attempts to bring this area more firmly into the Scottish realm.

Henry of Scotland was buried in Kelso Abbey, and has largely been forgotten by history, but despite his own premature death, his descendants were of no small importance. His two eldest sons, Malcolm and William, were each to become king of Scots in their turn, as Malcolm IV and William I or ‘the Lion’ respectively. Through his daughter Margaret, Duchess of Brittany (later Countess of Hereford), he was the grandfather to Constance, Duchess of Brittany. He was thus also great-grandfather of Arthur, who unsuccessfully challenged his uncle King John for the English throne, and Arthur’s sister Eleanor, the ‘Fair Maid of Brittany’. Henry’s second daughter, Ada, became Countess of Holland and Zeeland, and descent from Ada was the source of Count Floris V of Holland’s claim to the Scottish throne during the Great Cause. One of Ada’s sons became bishop of Glasgow, and she was also the ancestress of many nobles in the Low Countries and further afield. A third daughter named Matilda died as an infant in the same year as Henry, while it has sometimes been said that there was a fourth daughter named Marjorie, who was the ancestor of Robert de Pinkeney (another claimant in the Great Cause) but this seems unlikely. The youngest of Henry’s children, David, later Earl of Huntingdon, would never have met his father: Ada de Warenne was apparently pregnant at the time of her husband’s death and David was born a posthumous son. Nonetheless, Earl David was the ancestor of both the Balliol and Bruce kings, and thus through his two younger sons Henry was ancestor to every Scottish monarch from 1153, and also every British monarch after 1603.

(Kelso Abbey, in Roxburghshire, founded by David I and the burial place of his son Henry. It is also the source of the only likeness of Henry’s father David and son Malcolm IV)

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