#extensive rainfall europe

[tmr-blogs2]

Flat Roofing Market Demand will reach a value of US$ 52.3 Billion by the year 2031 at a CAGR of 5.4%

The global flat roofing market has witnessed significant growth in recent years and is poised to continue its expansion trajectory from 2022 to 2031. Flat roofing systems have become increasingly popular due to their versatility, durability, and cost-effectiveness across various applications and industries. This article delves into the market overview, growth factors, segmentation, regional analysis, trends, challenges, and future outlook of the flat roofing market. As per TMR's global flat roofing market research report, the market was valued at US$ 30.9 Bn in 2021 and is projected to expand at a CAGR of 5.4% during the forecast period from 2022 to 2031. Flat roofing is typically utilized on commercial structures, such as warehouses, business hubs, departmental shores, and entertainment zones. Rapid industrialization has led to a massive rise in commercial and residential constructions. Flat roofing takes less installation time. It is easy to clean and is the best option for locations with less rainfall. Additionally, flat roofing is an energy-efficient solution. These aspects have made them popular among consumers. These factors are projected to augment flat roofing market growth. Moreover, escalating demand for energy-efficient roofing solutions is likely to bolster the flat roofing market during the forecast period. Request for a Sample PDF Report with Latest Industry Insights - https://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/sample/sample.php?flag=S&rep_id=51918  Market Segmentation: By Service Type: Installation, Repair & Maintenance, Restoration & Renovation.

By Sourcing Type: In-house, Outsourced.

By Application: Residential, Commercial, Industrial.

By Industry Vertical: Construction, Manufacturing, Healthcare, Education, Others.

By Region: North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, Middle East & Africa. Regional Analysis: North America: Dominates the market due to extensive infrastructure development and technological advancements.

Europe: Witnessing steady growth with stringent regulations promoting sustainable construction practices.

Asia Pacific: Emerging as a lucrative market owing to rapid urbanization and government initiatives to boost infrastructure development.

Latin America, Middle East & Africa: Showing promising growth prospects driven by increasing investments in construction projects. Market Drivers and Challenges: Drivers: Urbanization, Infrastructure Development, Technological Advancements, Sustainable Construction Practices.

Challenges: Fluctuating Raw Material Prices, Stringent Regulations, and Competition from Alternative Roofing Systems. Market Trends: Adoption of Sustainable Roofing Materials.

Integration of Smart Roofing Technologies.

Increasing Focus on Energy Efficiency and Green Building Practices. Future Outlook: The flat roofing market is anticipated to witness robust growth in the coming years, propelled by sustained urbanization, infrastructure investments, and advancements in roofing technologies. The market players are expected to focus on product innovation, sustainability, and strategic partnerships to gain a competitive edge. Key Market Study Points: Market Dynamics Analysis

Competitive Landscape Assessment

Customer Preferences and Buying Behavior

Regulatory Landscape Evaluation

Technological Advancements and Innovations Competitive Landscape: The flat roofing market is highly competitive, with key players striving to strengthen their market position through product differentiation, geographical expansion, and strategic collaborations. Major players include ABC Roofing Company, XYZ Roofing Solutions, DEF Roofing Systems, among others. Recent Developments: Introduction of Innovative Roofing Materials.

Strategic Partnerships and Collaborations.

Expansion into Emerging Markets.

Adoption of Sustainable Practices. About Transparency Market Research Transparency Market Research, a global market research company registered at Wilmington, Delaware, United States, provides custom research and consulting services. Our exclusive blend of quantitative forecasting and trends analysis provides forward-looking insights for thousands of decision makers. Our experienced team of Analysts, Researchers, and Consultants use proprietary data sources and various tools & techniques to gather and analyses information. Our data repository is continuously updated and revised by a team of research experts, so that it always reflects the latest trends and information. With a broad research and analysis capability, Transparency Market Research employs rigorous primary and secondary research techniques in developing distinctive data sets and research material for business reports. Contact: Transparency Market Research Inc. CORPORATE HEADQUARTER DOWNTOWN, 1000 N. West Street, Suite 1200, Wilmington, Delaware 19801 USA Tel: [phone] USA - Canada Toll-Free: 866-552-3453 Website: https://www.transparencymarketresearch.com 

[spacenutspod]

After analyzing the temperature data from 2023, NASA has concluded that it was the hottest year on record. This will surprise almost nobody. If you live in one of the regions stricken by drought, forest fires, or unusually powerful weather, you don’t need NASA to confirm that the planet is warming. NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies produced the analysis that led to this conclusion. They looked at temperature anomalies rather than strictly at temperatures. Temperature anomalies show how much hotter or colder than normal it is at a specific place and time. In this case, normal means the average over a 30-year period between 1951 and 1980 for a time and place. The analysis, which makes use of extensive satellite data, showed that 2023 was the hottest year on record. In fact, every month from June to December 2023 was the hottest month compared to the same months in previous years. Not only that, but July was the hottest month ever recorded. This image shows the global temperature anomalies for July 2023. Image Credit: NASA’s Scientific Visualization Studio How much hotter was 2023? “Global temperatures in 2023 were around 2 degrees Fahrenheit (1.1 degrees Celsius) above the average for NASA’s baseline period (1951-1980),” NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) said. Anyone who follows news from around the world knows the world is facing more severe weather. In the USA, a mega-drought meant that parts of the Southwest suffered from a water shortage. Reservoirs were reduced to historically low levels. In Canada, massive, numerous, and stubborn forest fires dominated the summer, with smoke moving south and enshrouding some of America’s largest cities for days. Many of those fires are still burning as zombie fires that will spring back to life after this winter. The Donnie Creek fire of 2023 in British Columbia, Canada, was the largest-ever fire in that province. It covered over 600,000 hectares. Image Credit: BC Wildfire Service. In Asia, a record-breaking heat wave struck India, China, Vietnam, and other countries. In India, major cities exceeded 45 Celsius, schools and other places were shutdown, and rolling blackouts, triggered by air conditioner use, made things even worse. In the desert kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the temperatures reached 49 C in some places. In Europe, the Cerberus Heatwave brought temperatures above 40 C to many countries, including Spain, where temperatures reached 45 C. Hundreds of millions of us faced extreme temperatures during the summer of 2023. Millions of us watched helplessly as forest fire smoke clouded our skies and damaged our lungs. Farmers struggled, and food prices rose. But climate change isn’t just about heat, smoke, and fire. It’s also about extreme rainfall, flooding, and hurricanes. Whatever the consequences, it’s not something humanity has seen before. “The exceptional warming that we’re experiencing is not something we’ve seen before as a species,” said Gavin Schmidt, director of GISS. “It’s driven primarily by our fossil fuel emissions, and we’re seeing the impacts in heat waves, intense rainfall, and coastal flooding.” Most of what the Earth is going through is due to human-caused climate change. But other things still contribute to the climate, like El Nino and El Nina. Climate scientists consider all these things when trying to understand what’s happening. This image shows how the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) affects global temperatures. There are three phases in the South Pacific’s ENSO: El Niño, La Niña, and neutral, or average. El Nino is a weakening of trade winds that blow from east to west in the South Pacific, allowing the sea surface to warm up and rise. La Nina is the opposite: the winds become stronger, and sea temperatures become cooler than normal. La Nina can help offset some of the effects of climate change, but only temporarily. Image Credit: NASA But we have no control over El Nino. Our carbon emissions are the only thing we have control over. Vegetation and the oceans only absorb about 50% of our emissions, and the rest persists in the atmosphere. This visualization shows the atmosphere in three dimensions and highlights the accumulation of CO2 during a single calendar year. It’s not just Earth’s atmosphere that warms. Our oceans absorb most of the heat trapped by greenhouse gases, about 90% of it. The oceans are a gigantic heat sink, and they’ll continue to warm as the atmosphere does. That changes the biochemistry and the overall health of the oceans and also accelerates the melting of our major ice sheets. “Just like global temperatures, ocean temperatures are on the rise,” said Josh Willis, a climate scientist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. “They have been rising for the last century or more, and they are not slowing down. If anything, they are speeding up.” This image shows anomalies in the sea surface temperature. These temperatures reached new record highs in 2023. Image Credit: NASA. The world will keep warming for the next several decades or more, no matter what changes we make today. But the future is still in play. Scientists still need as much detailed climate data as we can gather, even though we know we’re responsible for the warming world. We can still prepare for the worst of it while developing and implementing solutions. “We are very interested in the weather and extremes of any particular year because those are the things that impact us,” said GISS Director Schmidt. “But the key difference between this decade and the ones before is that the temperatures keep rising because of our activities, principally the burning of fossil fuels.” NASA’s results show the future we face. More heatwaves, more devastating forest fires, more pressure on agriculture and food prices, and a bleak future for some of the world’s poorest people. But it’s not foreordained. There are solutions, and they’re being implemented. Renewable energy use is on the rise, for example, and people around the world are demanding that governments implement more changes. And while arcane scientific arguments about atmospheric chemistry and physics are not that impactful for many people, extreme heat is a much more effective alarm bell. So are the things that extreme heat brings, like flooding, fire, smoke, heat waves, rising sea levels, and higher food prices. Let’s hope the next generations and the politicians that accompany them don’t keep pressing the snooze button like we have. The post NASA Confirms that 2023 was the Hottest Year on Record appeared first on Universe Today.

#space #astronomy #news #science

[govindhtech]

Decoding IBM’s Sustainability Accelerator: A Green Revolution

As the effects of climate change continue to be disproportionately felt by disadvantaged populations worldwide, IBM is providing innovators with access to cutting-edge technologies and training. IBM revealed the most recent expenditures made in its social impact programs to promote environmental sustainability ahead of COP28. Through the IBM Sustainability Accelerator, a fresh set of environmental projects that are leading the way in water solutions will be scaled up to assist local communities all around the world. Concurrently, IBM Skills Build is offering a unique set of sustainability skills training at no cost, which will facilitate future climate action.

“New approaches to help create a sustainable future are essential, as nearly half of the world’s population is vulnerable to significant environmental distress,” stated Justina Nixon-Saintil, IBM Vice President & Chief Impact Officer. “This entails developing a pipeline of future leaders at the nexus of technology and sustainability across industries and scaling solutions to assist people right away.”

Projects and partners in the new IBM Sustainability Accelerator are:

With initiatives centered on water management solutions, IBM is strengthening its commitment to sustainable innovation as part of the IBM Sustainability Accelerator, a worldwide social impact program. According to the 2023 IPCC AR6 Synthesis Report, 3.3 billion people reside in regions that could see major effects from climate change1. With IBM pledging to provide $30 million in technology and services by the end of 2025, the program is expanding to include five additional water management-focused projects. IBM is providing watsonx and an ecosystem of specialists along with its technologies.

In order to assist populations in arid and semi-arid regions with limited renewable internal freshwater supplies, the University of Sharjah is developing a model and application to track and forecast water access conditions throughout the Middle East and North Africa.

In addition to building and implementing tools intended to democratize access to water quality information and assist in enhancing water resource management for significant government and nonprofit organizations, the University of Chicago Trust in Delhi will compile data on water quality in India.

In order to assist in forecasting rainfall and floods in the mountain headwaters of the Appalachian Mountains in the United States, the University of Illinois is building an artificial intelligence geospatial foundation model.

Together with regional utility companies and governments, Instituto IGUÁ will develop a cloud-based platform for sanitation infrastructure planning in Brazil.

For Aboriginal communities in Western Australia, Water Corporation will create a self-administered method for assessing the quality of their water.

Communities working on clean energy and sustainable agriculture throughout the Americas, Europe, Africa, and Asia are already receiving assistance from the IBM Sustainability Accelerator initiative.

A new roadmap for IBM SkillsBuild Sustainability

There is an increasing skills gap in sustainability that threatens workers across industries, according to new data from IBM and Morning Consult. In the next two years, according to 71% of business leaders polled, their company will prioritize hiring candidates with sustainability capabilities, and 92% plan to spend in sustainability training in the coming year.

IBM SkillsBuild is offering free training that links cutting edge technologies to ecology and climate change in order to support the development of this talent pipeline for sustainability. This multidisciplinary coursework links themes like ecology and biodiversity with technical training in AI and data analytics, with AI-powered recommendations available for each learner. This extensive program aims to give the upcoming generation of leaders the tools they need to succeed in the green economy.

With digital credentials available at every stage, learners may take advantage of IBM SkillsBuild’s comprehensive environmental tech training program.

The basis of historical understanding and technical principles needed to link sustainability and technology will be laid via introductory courses.

Mid-level courses on green entrepreneurship and design thinking will motivate students to enhance their knowledge.

Students enrolled in advanced curriculum will be expected to apply their knowledge of sustainability to areas such as cybersecurity, AI, and ESG reporting.

With an emphasis on underrepresented populations, IBM is building on its pledge to skill 30 million people by 2030 with these initiatives. IBM SkillsBuild works with government agencies, colleges, and social service, economic development, and vocational organizations to provide free online education to underrepresented communities in technology. These include groups that support skilled women, such as moms reentering the workforce, members of ethnic minorities, the poor, and refugees.

Concerning the IBM Sustainability Accelerator

The IBM Sustainability Accelerator is a social impact initiative that tackles several environmental problems globally, and it was introduced in February 2022. The accelerator chooses five projects a year to scale up solutions for communities facing issues including pollution, climate change, extreme weather, and more. There are now three active cohorts in the program: the first one focuses on clean energy, the second on sustainable agriculture, and the third on water and sanitation.

Read more on Govindhtech.om

#govindhtech #technology #technews #news #ai #ibm #sustainability #cybersecurity #watsonx

[chemanalystdata]

Sunflower Oil Prices, Pricing, Demand & Supply, Market Analysis | ChemAnalyst

For the Quarter Ending June 2023

North America:

In the North American region, Sunflower Oil prices mirrored the market trend observed in Europe during the second quarter of 2023. The prices experienced a continuous decline since the beginning of the year, and market sources anticipated this downward trend to persist throughout the quarter. Factors contributing to this trend included the high stocks of sunflower oil in the region, ample supply from European buyers, and the elimination of export duties due to Russia's cessation of the Black Sea grain deal, leading to reduced exports from Ukraine, a major producer. The average dip in Sunflower Oil prices by the end of June exceeded 7 percent. Towards the close of June, changing climatic conditions further impacted import momentum, contributing to the weakened price trend. Economic concerns, such as rising interest rates, also exerted downward pressure on Sunflower Oil prices, influenced by higher energy prices and a slight increase in refinery inventories across the North American region. Consequently, Sunflower Oil prices in the United States settled at USD 840/MT FOB Houston in June, with implications for its use in the biofuel industry.

Asia Pacific:

Sunflower Oil prices in the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region, particularly in the Chinese market, exhibited a declining trend in the second quarter of 2023. Edible oil companies responded to the consistent drop in prices since the beginning of the year by reducing cooking oil prices to destock higher inventories and prepare for new stocks. However, in May, Sunflower Oil prices dropped more than anticipated, surpassing even palm oil prices, attracting consumer attention. Merchants increased their purchases of sunflower oil due to its affordability compared to other oils. Another contributing factor to the price decline was the Russian halt in the Black Sea grain deal, impacting the market as exports from Ukraine, a major producer, decreased, affecting global edible oil supply. China, a significant importer of vegetable oil from Ukraine, experienced Sunflower Oil prices at USD 930/MT CFR Shanghai as a result.

Get Real Time Prices of Sunflower Oil: https://www.chemanalyst.com/Pricing-data/sunflower-oil-1315

Europe:

The European market for sunflower oil concluded the second quarter of 2023 on a bearish note, marked by a consistent decline in prices. Ukraine, a major exporter of vegetable oil, flooded the global market with vegetable oil at a lower-than-usual price. Despite the 60-day extension of the Black Sea Grain Initiative, confirmed on May 18, which did not alleviate the downward pressure on sunflower oil prices, the European market remained burdened with stocks purchased promptly before the deal's renewal. Towards the end of the second quarter, market analysts reported a drop in the processing of sunflower oil mills in Ukraine for the second consecutive month, reaching the lowest monthly result since the start of the current harvest season. June and July's rainfall led to fluctuations in soybean oil prices on the south side amid an abundance of global exportable supplies. Sunflower Oil prices in Ukraine settled at USD 755/MT FOB Chornomorsk and USD 765/MT FOB Novorossiysk in Russia.

About Us: 

ChemAnalyst is an online platform offering a comprehensive range of market analysis and pricing services, as well as up-to-date news and deals from the chemical and petrochemical industry, globally.

Being awarded ‘The Product Innovator of the Year, 2023’, ChemAnalyst is an indispensable tool for navigating the risks of today's ever-changing chemicals market.

The platform helps companies strategize and formulate their chemical procurement by tracking real time prices of more than 400 chemicals in more than 25 countries.

ChemAnalyst also provides market analysis for more than 1000 chemical commodities covering multifaceted parameters including Production, Demand, Supply, Plant Operating Rate, Imports, Exports, and much more. The users will not only be able to analyse historical data but will also get to inspect detailed forecasts for upto 10 years. With access to local field teams, the company provides high-quality, reliable market analysis data for more than 40 countries.

Contact Us:

ChemAnalyst

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Call: [phone]

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#Sunflower Oil Prices #Sunflower Oil Price

[industryforecast]

Overview of the Asphalt Pavement Market

Since ancient times, asphalt, a dark, gooey substance produced primarily from the refining of crude oil, has been extensively utilized for building roads. Its use in paving roads has endured because it provides advantages like toughness, smoothness, and recyclability. In this article, we'll delve deeply into the complexities of the asphalt pavement market, illuminating its current situation, potential in the future, and major factors affecting its course.

The Situation Right Now

Market Size and Growth: According to the most recent data, the demand for asphalt pavement worldwide is steadily increasing due to increased urbanization, the construction of new infrastructure, and trade-related demands. Due to expanding urban development projects, emerging economies, notably those in the Asia-Pacific area, are experiencing an increase in demand.

Product Variants: Warm-mix asphalt is becoming more popular due to its cost-effectiveness and environmental advantages, even if hot-mix asphalt still dominates the market. In areas with heavy rainfall, other types such porous asphalt, which allows water to drain through the pavement surface, are becoming more popular.

Recycling Programs: With programs supporting asphalt's reuse to lessen environmental impact and save money on road construction projects, asphalt continues to be the most recycled material in the U.S.

Recent Trends

Sustainability: There is a big push for eco-friendly options now that environmental issues are front and center. Recyclable asphalt blends and bio-based asphalts are both gaining popularity.

Innovation in Material Composition: Studies are being conducted to increase the asphalt's toughness and longevity. Incorporating waste materials like plastic and rubber as well as polymers is part of this.

Smart Pavements: In the era of technology, IoT-enabled smart pavements are soon to be a reality. These sensors can provide data on traffic patterns, road conditions, and even aid with infrastructure management.

Area Highlights

In North America, maintaining and improving the current road networks is still a top priority. Research developing high-performance and environmentally friendly asphalt varieties is also being led by the United States and Canada.

Asia-Pacific: The region is a major hub for infrastructure development, with nations like China, India, and Indonesia considerably boosting demand for asphalt paving worldwide.

Europe: Many countries actively promote the use of recycled asphalt, and sustainable and environmentally friendly pavements are the focus of this region.

[bethanyhamiltonsstuff]

All About Wild Hamster & 20 Things You Should Know!

 Learn more about the natural habitat, behaviour, and dietary habits of wild hamsters. Learn fascinating facts about these adorable creatures that live free in the wild.

What exactly is a Wild Hamster?

A wild hamster is one that has not been bred or kept in captivity and instead lives in natural habitats such as grasslands, deserts, or forests. Wild hamsters have adapted to their environments by engaging in behaviours such as burrowing and foraging for food. Some wild hamster species are considered pests, while others are threatened by habitat loss and other factors.

Origin and History of the Wild Hamster

Wild hamsters are small rodents native to Eurasia that belong to the Cricetinae subfamily. The golden or Syrian hamster is the most well-known species of wild hamster, but other species, such as the European hamster, also exist in the wild.

A British zoologist named George Waterhouse discovered the golden hamster in Syria in 1839. These hamsters were not captured and bred for research purposes until the 1930s, which eventually led to their domestication as pets.

Hamsters are typically found in arid regions with low rainfall and sandy soils in the wild. They are solitary animals that burrow underground and collect and store food in their large cheek pouches. Hamsters are nocturnal creatures that eat seeds, grains, and insects.

Wild hamsters have been kept as pets for many years, but they are still considered a separate species from domesticated hamsters. As a result, their needs and requirements differ from those of their domestic counterparts.

Wild Hamster Physical Characteristics

Wild hamsters are small rodents found in Europe and Asia. They have a distinct appearance that is defined by several physical characteristics.

To begin, wild hamsters have a short and stocky body shape, measuring 13-18 cm (5-7 inches) in length. Their furry tail is usually less than half the length of their body.

Second, the colour of their fur varies depending on species and region, but it typically ranges from light brown to dark grey or black. Some species' fur also has distinct markings, such as stripes or spots.

Finally, wild hamsters have large, round eyes on the sides of their heads. This gives them a wide field of vision and allows them to detect potential predators from various angles.

Fourth, their front teeth are sharp and continue to grow throughout their lives. These teeth are used to chew on hard materials like seeds and nuts.

Finally, compared to their forelimbs, wild hamsters have smaller hind legs, allowing them to move quickly and efficiently through their burrow systems.

Overall, these physical traits enable wild hamsters to thrive in their natural habitats and adapt to a variety of environmental challenges.

Wild Hamster Habitat and Natural Range

Wild hamster habitat varies depending on species, but they are commonly found in grasslands, steppes, and deserts throughout Europe and Asia. They typically dig underground burrows where they live and store food. Wild hamsters can also be found scavenging for food in agricultural fields or near human settlements.

Some hamster species hibernate during the winter months to conserve energy, while others are active all year. Overall, the natural range of wild hamsters is extensive and includes a wide range of habitats.

Temperament and Behaviour of Syrian Hamsters

Syrian hamsters are usually friendly and active, but if they feel threatened or stressed, they may become aggressive. Because they are solitary animals, they should be housed alone to avoid fighting. Syrian hamsters can be playful and enjoy toys and exercise wheels, but they can also be possessive of their food and bedding.

To establish trust and prevent biting, it is critical to handle them gently and frequently. Overall, Syrian hamsters make excellent pets with proper care and socialisation.

What is the size of a wild hamster?

Wild hamsters vary in size depending on the species. The European hamster, also known as the common hamster, can grow to be 34 cm (13 inches) long and weigh 350 g (12 oz). Other species, such as the dwarf hamster, which is popular as a pet, are much smaller, reaching only 10 cm (4 inches) in length and weighing up to 50 g (1.8 oz).

Common Wild Hamster Health Issues

Wild hamsters are prone to a variety of health problems, including:

Dental issues - Hamsters' teeth are constantly growing, and if they don't chew on hard objects on a regular basis, their teeth can overgrow and cause dental problems.

Respiratory infections - Wild hamsters can catch various respiratory infections from other animals, causing sneezing, wheezing, and difficulty breathing.

Parasites - Fleas, ticks, and mites can infest wild hamsters, causing skin irritation, itchiness, and even anaemia.

Obesity - Overeating in hamsters can lead to obesity, which can cause a variety of health problems such as heart disease and diabetes.

Infectious diseases - Infectious diseases such as Salmonellosis and Leptospirosis can cause severe illness and even death in wild hamsters.

These factors must be considered if you intend to domesticate a wild hamster or come into contact with one in the wild. If you suspect a wild hamster is sick or injured, contact a wildlife rehabilitation centre or a veterinarian immediately for proper care and treatment.

Wild Hamster Nutrition and Feeding Requirements

Wild hamsters require different nutrition than domesticated hamsters. They require a diet that closely resembles their wild diet, which consists primarily of seeds, grains, and insects.

A balanced diet for wild hamsters in captivity should include a variety of seeds, grains, vegetables, and fruits. Commercial hamster food of high quality can be given as a supplement, but it should not constitute the majority of their diet.

It is critical to avoid feeding wild hamsters foods high in sugar, fat, or salt, as these can lead to obesity and diabetes.

Wild hamsters should always have access to fresh water, either through a water bottle or a shallow dish. To prevent bacterial growth, clean the water source on a regular basis.

Finally, it is critical to provide enough food for wild hamsters to meet their daily energy requirements. The amount of food required will vary depending on the hamster's species, size, and age, as well as its activity level and environment.

Syrian Hamster reproduction and breeding

Syrian hamsters can breed between the ages of 4-6 months and have litters of 4-12 pups. Mating should take place only when the female is in heat, as indicated by visible swelling in her genital area and a change in behaviour. The male should be removed after mating to avoid aggression towards the female and potential harm to the offspring.

The gestation period lasts about 16-18 days, and the newborns are blind and hairless after that. Because they are so delicate, they should not be disturbed for the first week. Syrian hamsters reach sexual maturity quickly and reproduce prolifically, so before allowing them to breed, make sure there are homes for the offspring.

Lifespan of a Wild Hamster

The lifespan of a wild hamster varies according to species and environmental factors. In the wild, they typically live for 1-2 years. However, with proper care, some species can live in captivity for up to 3-4 years. Diet, habitat quality, and predator pressure are all factors that can shorten their lifespan.

How many different kinds of Wild Hamsters are there?

The European hamster (Cricetus cricetus), Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus), Chinese hamster (Cricetulus griseus), and Russian dwarf hamster (Phodopus sungorus) are among the wild hamster species. As a result, there are many different types of wild hamsters.

Pet Wild Hamsters

Due to their natural instincts and specialised needs, wild hamsters are not recommended as pets. They are adapted to a specific habitat, such as burrows in arid regions, and require a diet rich in seeds, grains, and vegetables. Wild hamsters are also solitary creatures that can be aggressive to humans and other animals.

Before attempting to keep wild hamsters as pets, it is critical to understand their nature and consider the ethical implications.

Interactions with Other Animals and People

Interactions with other pets and humans refer to how animals and humans communicate or interact with one another. It can include activities such as playing, socialising, grooming, or fighting. Negative interactions can cause stress, harm, or aggression while positive interactions can strengthen relationships and lead to mutual benefits.

It is critical to supervise and manage interactions between various pets and humans in order to ensure their safety and well-being. Training, socialisation, and communication can all help to improve interactions and avoid conflicts.

Gender Differences in Wild Hamsters

Gender differences in physical appearance, reproductive behaviour, and social interactions are observed in wild hamsters. Male hamsters are larger and heavier than females, and their tails are longer and thicker. In addition, they have scent glands on their flanks that they use to mark their territory and attract mates.

Female hamsters have a shorter anogenital distance than males, making childbirth easier for them. They can also become pregnant immediately after giving birth, thanks to a physiological process known as postpartum estrus.

Male hamsters are more aggressive and territorial than females, particularly towards other males. They may engage in fighting and dominance displays, whereas female hamsters are more social and cooperative.

Understanding these gender differences in wild hamsters can help inform captive care and breeding, as well as provide insights into these small rodents' evolutionary adaptations and ecological roles.

Wild Hamster Predators

Natural predators of wild hamsters include birds of prey such as eagles, hawks, and owls. Foxes, weasels, snakes, and feral cats are among the other predators. Domesticated animals kept as pets, such as dogs and cats, can also pose a threat to wild hamsters if allowed to roam freely in hamster habitats.

These predators usually hunt hamsters at night, when they are most active.

Wild Hamster Conservation Status

Wild hamster conservation status varies according to species and location. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, disease, and hunting, some species, such as the European hamster, are considered endangered. Other hamster species, such as the Syrian hamster, are not threatened at the moment.

Wild hamster conservation efforts include habitat restoration and protection, captive breeding programmes, and public education about the animals' importance in ecosystems. It is critical to monitor wild hamster populations and take action to prevent further population declines.

The Social Organisation of Wild Hamsters

Wild hamsters' social structures are typically made up of solitary individuals who only come together to mate. After mating, each individual returns to living alone in its own burrow. Some hamster species, however, are known to live in small family groups of a male, female, and their offspring.

These family groups share a burrow system and care for the young together. Beyond mating and caring for offspring, the social structure of wild hamsters is characterised by a lack of social interaction and cooperation.

Wild and domesticated hamsters are compared.

There are several differences between wild and domesticated hamsters. Wild hamsters live in semi-arid environments such as steppes and deserts, whereas domesticated hamsters are kept as pets and bred for specific traits. Wild hamsters have a more natural coloration with brown or grey fur, whereas domesticated hamsters come in a wide range of colours and patterns.

Wild hamsters are typically solitary creatures, whereas domesticated hamsters can be socialised and may enjoy the company of humans or other hamsters. Wild hamsters are also more active than domesticated hamsters because they must forage for food and defend themselves against predators in their natural habitat. Domesticated hamsters, on the other hand, are more sedentary and require less space to thrive.

While wild and domesticated hamsters are similar in some ways, such as basic anatomy and diet, they differ significantly due to their different environments and lifestyles.

Wild Hamsters Come in a Variety of Colours and Varieties

Wild hamsters come in a variety of colours and varieties. The European hamster, which has brownish-gray fur and can be found in Europe and parts of Asia, is one type. The Syrian hamster, which has golden brown fur and is native to Syria, is another type. The Chinese hamster is found in northern China and Mongolia and has a dark stripe down its back.

The Russian dwarf hamster is native to Russia and Kazakhstan and comes in a variety of colours including grey, brown, and white. Furthermore, due to genetic mutations or selective breeding in captivity, each species has different colour variations.

Wild Hamster vs. Other Hamster Breeds Comparison

In several ways, wild hamsters differ from other hamster breeds. Wild hamsters are rarely kept as pets because they are smaller and more aggressive than domesticated hamsters.

The appearance of wild hamsters differs significantly from that of other hamster breeds. Wild hamsters have a darker, mottled coat than domesticated hamsters, and they frequently have stripes down their back. They also have longer and bushier tails than domesticated hamsters.

Due to their natural instincts for survival in the wild, wild hamsters are more active and alert than domesticated hamsters. They are more skittish and difficult to handle than domesticated hamsters, which are generally more docile and easy to tame.

Wild hamsters live underground in burrows, whereas domesticated hamsters typically live in cages or enclosures. Domesticated hamsters rely on their owners for food, whereas wild hamsters are more adapted to their environment and can forage for food on their own.

While wild and domesticated hamsters share some characteristics, there are significant differences in their appearance, behaviour, and habitat.

How Do You Tame a Wild Hamster?

To tame a wild hamster, begin by feeding it from your hand and allowing it to become accustomed to your scent. Increase the amount of time you spend near the hamster and offer it treats while speaking calmly.

Once the hamster is used to you, try gently petting and handling it for short periods of time. Throughout the taming process, it is critical to be patient and gentle. Avoid making any sudden movements or loud noises that might startle the hamster. Your hamster should become more trusting and easier to handle with time and consistent effort.

Why do wild hamsters chew on their cages?

Stress, boredom, or a lack of exercise may cause wild hamsters to bite their cage. Hamsters are naturally active creatures that require a stimulating environment to thrive. They can become bored and frustrated when kept in a small cage without proper enrichment, leading to chewing and biting on their cage bars.

Furthermore, hamsters may exhibit aggressive behaviours such as biting if they feel threatened or unsafe. Providing your hamster with a larger and more enriched living space, as well as regular exercise and playtime outside of the cage, can help alleviate this behaviour.

Why do wild hamsters eat their young?

Wild hamsters may eat their babies for a variety of reasons. One common reason is that they see their children as a threat to their own survival. This can occur if the hamsters are stressed due to a lack of food or water, overcrowding, or other environmental factors.

Another possibility is that the mother hamster detects health issues or deformities in her babies and decides to cull them to ensure the survival of the rest of the litter. It's also possible that the mother hamster is inexperienced and is unable to properly care for her young.

While it may appear to us as disturbing, eating their young is a natural behaviour for wild hamsters that serves an evolutionary purpose in ensuring the survival of the fittest offspring.

Where Can You Find Wild Hamsters?

Wild hamsters are found in a variety of habitats throughout Eurasia, including steppes, deserts, and forests. They are burrowing animals that dig complex underground tunnel systems for shelter. The European hamster, Syrian hamster, and Chinese striped hamster are all wild hamster species.

These animals have adapted to their surroundings and can be found in Russia, Kazakhstan, China, and parts of Europe.

#hamster breed

[stevecarell600]

Meteorological Devices Market Recent Trends, Future Growth Analysis Forecasts 2029|

The global meteorological devices market size was valued at USD 1.39 billion in 2021. The market is projected to grow from USD 1.45 billion in 2023 to USD 1.90 billion by 2029, exhibiting a CAGR of 3.88% during the forecast period. The global meteorological devices market size is set to gain traction on account of the increasing usage of smart tools for weather forecasting, observes Fortune Business Insights™ in its report, titled “Meteorological Devices Market, 2023-2029”. Predictive analytics is assisting in the transformation of weather forecasting in the future.

Information Source:

Big data analytics is used by weather scientists to forecast future weather conditions based on current and historical data. Big data analytics also allow supercomputers to accurately predict life-threatening natural weather conditions. For example, IBM’s Deep Thunder application, powered by big data, provides forecasts of specific locations, such as particular areas in a city, to local authorities to enable them to prepare and respond in advance to weather anomalies. Weather forecasting entails predicting atmospheric conditions for a particular area at a specific time. Computer models, observations, and experience of historical weather trends and patterns are all used in such forecasting systems. These meteorological devices may be used to predict weather conditions in a fair and reliable manner.

Segments:

By type, the market is segmented into anemometer, hygrometer, thermometer, barometer, pyrometer, snow gauge, and others. By application, the market is categorized into research institutes, weather forecasting, chemical industry, biotechnical industry, weather station, environmental study, and others. By end-use, the market is divided into commercial and government & defense. By geography, the market is segregated into North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and the Rest of the World.

List of Key Players Profiled in the Meteorological Devices Market Report:

AccuWeather Inc. (U.S.)

Airmar Technology Corporation (U.S.)

All Weather Inc. (U.S.)

Campbell Scientific Inc. (U.S.)

Kongsberg Gruppen (Norway)

MeteoGroup (a subsidiary of DTN) (Netherlands)

Observator Group (Netherlands)

Raytheon Technologies Corporation (U.S.)

Sutron Corporation (U.S.)

The Weather Company (U.S.)

Vaisala Oyj. (Finland)

Report Highlights:

The study provides in-depth reviews of existing companies that are reshaping the market's dynamics. This report offers a detailed analysis of numerous factors affecting the market. It analyses many tactics strategically and offers crucial insights such as the prevalence of major diseases in key countries, a patent snapshot, pipeline research, key mergers and acquisitions, joint ventures, and more.

Drivers & Restraints:

Growing Scope in Disaster Management to Fuel the Market

In tropical countries such as India, the range of climates is wide, with approximately 80% of the annual precipitation falling during the monsoon season. Despite the fact that the country receives seasonal rainfall, the country’s complicated monsoon winds and diffused mountain orientation result in sparse rainfall in some areas, causing water scarcity. Some areas, on the other hand, experience heavy rainfall, resulting in flooding. Every year, for instance, India suffers extensive devastation in the form of crop, home, and public utility losses, as well as human lives. As a result, government agencies such as the Central Water Resources Management Department are working to improve rural infrastructure in order to reduce losses. The demand for meteorological devices and equipment is thus rapidly expanding, owing to increased dam-building activities and rising water levels. The water levels in reservoirs in Karnataka, for example, are at alarming levels, according to the Karnataka State Natural Disaster Monitoring Centre (KSNDMC). Weather assessment technologies can thus aid in enabling governments to take proactive measures and protect vulnerable populations.

Regional Insights

Rising Adoption of Advanced Weather Forecasting Systems to Boost the North America Market

The rising demand for weather forecasting systems from the oil and gas and aviation industries is propelling the North America meteorological devices market share. The United States is predicted to dominate the market in North America, as the coastal areas of the country are regularly battered by hurricanes forming in the Atlantic Ocean and around the Gulf of Mexico.

In Asia Pacific, apart from the privately launched weather satellites, rising government investments in commercial meteorological devices and solutions are expected to drive growth. For example, Japan's Meteorological Service Act aims to expand commercial opportunities for private meteorological services in the country.

Over the forecast period, the Middle East and Africa (MEA) market is projected to expand significantly. The increasing demand for advanced weather alert solutions that warn users about potential future disasters is expected to boost the region's revenue share. The area has experienced major climate changes in recent years as a result of increasing temperatures and changes in hydrological cycles.

Competitive Landscape-

Major Players to Focus on Developing Cutting-Edge Solutions

The demand for meteorological devices is steadily increasing in countries frequently hit by natural disasters, such as India and the US, as both large and small players strive to engineer innovative climatic prediction technologies. As a result, a growing number of newcomers are entering the industry, making it more competitive. Players are also concentrating on the production of higher-performing equipment. For example, K.R Instruments created an Ultrasonic Flow Meter that measures flow, velocity, and water level using HydroVision's validated acoustic profiling technology. For global customers, the company produces high-quality, cost-effective, and creative equipment.

Industry Development-

February 2020: Phase 8 avionics has been launched by Honeywell International Inc. The primus epic cockpit on the Leonardo AW139 is being upgraded with new features, which include a track-based synthetic vision system.

#Meteorological Devices Market

[sciencespies]

Derbyshire fossil study reveals insights into Peak District's 12 million year-old climatic past

https://sciencespies.com/nature/derbyshire-fossil-study-reveals-insights-into-peak-districts-12-million-year-old-climatic-past/

Derbyshire fossil study reveals insights into Peak District's 12 million year-old climatic past

A decade-long study into unique rocks near a Derbyshire village has been uncovering the secrets of what the county and the Peak District might have looked like under a much warmer and wetter past.

Although first studied over 10 years ago, the most recent investigation into geological deposits near Brassington was initiated in 2019, with an international team of researchers from Northumbria University, the British Geological Survey, Morehead State University in the USA and CONICET in Argentina now assessing their latest findings.

The complex techniques used can analyse the fossil pollen of plants and spores of fungi captured within the rock layer, helping to form a picture of past habitats and reconstruct likely climatic conditions far beyond our most recent understanding of the Peak District.

With plants and fungi generally favouring particular conditions, researchers are able to determine what the environment may have looked like some 12 million years ago.

The results and insights are unique to the study location in Derbyshire, as there are no other rocks of a similar age anywhere else in the UK.

Gaining similar understanding to life and climate in Europe so far back would likely require analysis of rocks from Germany or the Netherlands and then assuming these were the same for Derbyshire and the Peak District.

The results from the Derbyshire site and similar studies have gone on to suggest that the UK may get wetter with climate change. Today Derbyshire has a mean annual temperature of around 8°C with up to 1000mm of rain a year, 12 million years ago it was 12-18°C with 1200-1400mm of rain. This doubling of temperature was with atmospheric carbon dioxide levels similar to those predicted for 2060. These differences in temperature and rainfall would fundamentally change the entire landscape. This highlights how important carbon capture is to avoid extreme changes in climate.

With some of the most extensive upland landscapes and peat bogs in the UK and globally, the Peak District is already at the forefront of carbon capture or ‘sequestration’ through conservation management and restoration programmes, but also has a role to play in mitigating the potential localised impacts of climate change through natural flood management.

Dr. Matthew Pound from Northumbria University, which was behind the study, said: “Fossil plants and fungi can tell us a lot about a place – even from 12 million years ago. That’s why when choosing a nice sunny holiday you’d always pick palm trees over Christmas trees, and why I always end up with green tomatoes in the north of England! The study suggests an anticipated warmer climate for the UK and therefore a wetter UK, which of course has implications for all of us; but also provides an opportunity to ensure landscapes like the Peak District and Derbyshire can be part of that resilience, not just for local communities but at scale as we manage the carbon in our environment.”

Anna Badcock, Team Leader for Cultural Heritage at the Peak District National Park added: “This work is incredibly powerful in helping us communicate ideas about landscape change. Researchers use fossil pollen for reconstructing past environments and understanding human impacts on landscape, but this is recent in geological terms. It’s wonderful that advances in this kind of analysis can also be used to help us understand climate and environments millions of years ago – we still have such an extraordinary amount to learn from fungi and plants, and about how our environments adapt.”

Chris Dean, Head of Moors for the Future Partnership based in the Peak District National Park added: “This study shows how our climate is changing, and with that comes an increased risk of flooding as we see more frequent extreme storm events. Moorland restoration and effective natural flood management strategies, such as planting sphagnum moss and blocking gullies to slow the flow of rainfall to the valleys, have never been more important.”

Story Source:

Materials provided by Northumbria University. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.

#Nature

#10-2022 Science News #2022 Science News #acts of science #Earth Environment #earth science #Environment and Nature #everyday items #Nature Science #New #News Science Spies #October 2022 Science News #Our Nature #planetary science #production line #sci_evergreen1 #Science #Science Channel #science documentary #Science News #Science Spies #Science Spies News #Space Physics & Nature #Space Science #Nature

[portablebonfireforyou]

Benefits of a Portable Bonfire

If you enjoy the outdoors however are not fairly all set to pack up your tent for an extensive outdoor camping trip, a mobile bonfire is an excellent choice. It's light-weight as well as simple to establish. When assembled, you can start the fire by placing kindling on the top. Once it's hot, you can add larger pieces of wood. Another advantage of a portable bonfire is that it disappears of fire. You can conveniently carry it and also save it anywhere you need it. It's additionally simple to light as well as extinguish, as well as you can utilize it once more. You do not also require a fire place! The mobile nature of this fire makes it a preferred option with campers and also RVers alike. Discover more from this site and grab yourself the best portable campfire for your next adventure.

Another advantage of a portable bonfire is the air movement below. This assists the fire burn uniformly and also promptly. This indicates that you can put the wood better together than you would certainly in a common fire pit. Considering that the ground does not offer insulation, a mobile bonfire will certainly disperse the heat equally. This means that your legs as well as sides will certainly remain cozy. Mobile bonfires can be either timber or propane-fueled. Propane-fueled portable fires have a steel tube with holes, which attaches the propane tank to the heater. A gas line also links the container to the gas-powered portable fire.

These mobile fires are risk-free and also smoke-free. Additionally, wood-burning mobile bonfires are less costly and also less complicated to discover. They likewise generate a better-tasting melt. The mobile bonfire is made for small patio areas. The company introduced in August and also has actually sold more than 5,000 systems thus far. The bonfires are a great means to bond with your friends and family. The firm is likewise a source of employment for the two proprietors. They're aiming to market the product in other retailers. Besides the ease of having the ability to lug it anywhere you want, it likewise has several environmental benefits.

Fires made with portable bonfires are much safer for the environment than wood-burned ones since there is no demand for clean-up. They are additionally made with recycled paper and soy wax, making them much more eco-friendly. A portable bonfire is also beneficial for food preparation. A portable campfire can be used while camping and will certainly help maintain you warm by creating less smoke. The fire can also be utilized to prepare s'mores. It can be linked to your motor home's propane system for a smoke-free fire. It additionally has an integrated gas range top. One more choice for a mobile bonfire is a folding camp stove. Well, to know more about this option go a head and click here.

It's light-weight and also portable as well as can hold up to 125 extra pounds of logs. Its 4-square-foot stainless-steel surface is made from mesh that allows air flow as well as reduces smoke. It also has a rainfall cover and foldaway legs. The tradition of lighting bonfires prevails in some components of the globe. In parts of Europe, such as the Alemannic region, it's commonly commemorated throughout Easter. In Switzerland, the Sechselauten bonfire is regulated in some areas and cities. In Austria, bonfires are burned on the solstice evening. Check out this post that has expounded on the topic: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campfire.

[optusenergyllc]

Top Leading Gas Companies

BP, a significant international oil and gas firm, has quietly risen to become one of the world's top producers of natural gas. Its operations are spread over three continents, and Trinidad & Tobago, South America, and North America have contributed to its production. Additionally, it participates in a joint venture with CNOOC of China.

Royal Dutch Shell spent $70 billion to acquire BG Group in 2016, becoming the second-largest gas producer globally. With a diversified portfolio, it could add a sizable LNG company, significant gas reserves, and a 25% rise in natural gas output. Natural gas is produced in several nations, including Australia, Malaysia, and Norway. It generated about 600 BCF of gas in 2017.

The pipeline of LNG growth projects at Royal Dutch Shell is extensive, and its worldwide business strategy incorporates oil and gas operations. Exxon, on the other hand, is one of the biggest natural gas producers worldwide. It produces gas everywhere in the world, including the United States, Canada, and Europe. Saudi Arabia is its only rival in terms of global output. Although EQT Corp. surpassed Exxon last year, it is currently the second-largest natural gas producer in the world in the United States.

The world's largest natural gas transportation corporation, PetroChina, has pipelines stretching over 30.000 miles throughout China. It is a fascinating stock to follow because it is one of the gas sectors with the quickest growth. PetroChina can increase its output by 7% annually. Given China's enormous gas demand, this makes it a desirable stock to follow. But take into account the stock's hazards before investing in PetroChina.

Russia's top natural gas producer is Gazprom. It supplies 12% of the global supply and 68% of the nation's natural gas production. One of the biggest gas exporters in the world, its pipes also reach Europe. Additionally, the business is a significant LNG exporter. Gas will be available from its enormous reservoirs for many years to come.

Natural gas is not only a cost-effective energy source, but it can also lessen the effects of global warming. In hydropower and electrical producing systems, it can replace coal. Inadequate rainfall can also be supplemented by it. Ultimately, renewable energy sources must replace fossil fuels on the planet.

Numerous obstacles, including legislative modifications and shareholder opposition to the sector's operations, beset the oil and gas industry. Major oil and gas firms are under pressure from investors to fund decarbonization programs after being sued for their role in climate change. In addition, decarbonization initiatives must be balanced with projected natural gas demand.

The global oil and gas industry must respond to these difficulties by modifying its business strategies to fit the new energy environment. While oil and gas will continue to be a part of the energy mix until 2050, it is anticipated that they will become more significant as we move toward low-carbon energy. Nevertheless, our planet will continue to be able to meet the energy demands of the twenty-first century thanks to its function.

[kingsmenuniverse]

TIMBER CLADDING

TIMBER CLADDING- 

Timber cladding has been used as a locally available, low-cost weather protection option since ancient times. Timber cladding is once again gaining popularity due to environmental and naturalistic considerations. This review provides a comprehensive report on timber cladding in a European context, beginning with a brief history and progressing to modern uses of timber cladding for building envelopes. The fundamental principles of good design are taken into account, with special attention paid to timber orientation, fixings, and environmental risk factors. The moisture-wood relationship is discussed in terms of sorption behavior, dimensional instability, and design methods to minimize the negative consequences of wetting. The behavior of timber cladding in fires, the effects of environmental stresses and weathering, as well as the cladding properties and the variation thereof with different types of wood and anatomical factors (including exposure of different timber faces), are examined. The review then moves on to considering different methods for protecting timber, such as the use of coatings, preservatives, fire retardants and wood modification. A brief discussion of various environmental considerations is also included, including life cycle assessment, embodied carbon and sequestered atmospheric carbon. The review finishes by making concluding remarks, providing a basis for the selection of appropriate cladding types for different environments. Make use of solid wood flooring company services. 

The use of timber for cladding and other building functions was originally driven by a need to use what was locally available and affordable for the purpose, rather than any aesthetic, or other, consideration, and was therefore much more prevalent in forested regions. Before the advent of brick as a cheap building material, timber was the material of choice for weather protection in many regions of Europe. The use of timber as a building material confers many logistical advantages in construction, since it is readily adaptable to off-site and automated construction methods, considerably reducing on-site construction time and materials wastage. There is also a lot of interest in using timber cladding systems for retrofitting and refurbishing old buildings in order to improve their energy efficiency. Furthermore, there has been a renewed interest in using timber in construction for environmental reasons, owing to its ability to store atmospheric carbon and its lower environmental impact when compared to other construction materials. 

The problems caused by humidity, microbes, and weathering can be mitigated in part by modification or the application of coatings, though there may be long-term maintenance issues associated with dimensional changes in the underlying substrate. The Best Wooden Flooring Company in Bangalore can assist you with these problems. 

A functioning façade includes the selection of the appropriate wood species and cladding type, as well as the orientation of the boards for optimal performance, but the protective measures achieved by design may affect the service life of the entire building envelope. Some critical measures include ensuring adequate ventilation, properly directing splashing water and rainfall, and avoiding moisture trapping. Only by combining good design principles with appropriate interventions to improve material properties will the desired outcome of life extension be realized. A result is required to ensure the most efficient use of this lovely, renewable, and sustainable material.

#solidwoodcladding #solidwoodflooring #kingsmen #wooden #Bangalore #solidwoodflooring in bangalore

[velvialifestylesummit]

To fully retard the one-sided sanctions from the globe facing the isolated economy of North Korea, the urgent detonation of EMP warheads and Thermobaric Warheads to blow the rainfall cloudy atmosphere should be delivered by the transcontinental missile trajectories for the outbreak of WWIII. The extensive deployment of EMP war zone to trigger the detonation of extreme climate mutation in addition to the atmospheric bombardments from Thermobaric Warheads shall change the living conditions in Europe. The inclusion of EMP WARFARE is the next ignition point of WWIII should be bilaterally considered by the rising tension in the strait of Taiwan. Apparently the solar storm to be delivered by the transcontinental radius of NUKE EMP trajectories is the next military option to be adopted by Russia and North Korea. Melting the icy volcanoes zone for detonation in Alaska may be considered by the sanctioned polar bear federation. It is the inchoate agenda for WWIII to be accomplished by the introduction of atmospheric bombardments.

[greenpurplecat]

Floods in Germany. Many deaths 😞

#floods #flood #germany #erfstadt #natural disasters #disaster #anp #volkskrant #de volkskrant #extensive rainfall europe #europe

[mikamuto]

2021-07-18 Still VERY high water levels in Holland, Bergen (Limburg), River the Maas(De Maas)

The greater part of my family (or what is left of that) lives there 🥶

#High water levels #floods #flood #Holland #Europe #nederland #europe #extensive rainfall europe #limburg #natural disasters #natural disaster #disaster #bergen #anp #volkskrant #de volkskrant #De Maas

[dutchgreenpurplecat]

#armin laschet #duitsland #germany #overstromingen #floods #floods germany #extensive rainfall europe #europe

[absolxguardian]

Climate change is another factor affecting the landscape. At the beginning of the century it is not unusual to buy English wine. Many noble and royal houses have extensive vineyards. Not so a hundred years later. By 1400 the vineyards of England have all gone. The mean temperature for the year has dropped by about one degree centigrade. This does not sound like a very great difference but it represents a severe setback for some communities. The weather is that little bit colder in every circumstance, including when there are rain clouds nearby. The great rainfall leads to flooded roads and ruined crops. In 1315-1317, during the terrible years of the Great Famine (a consequences of prolonged heavy rainfall), animals may be seen drowned in their flooded pastures. Flooding also leads to greater numbers of parasites and a prevalence of crop disease. If you tour any part of England during the Great Famine you will see the peasants digging and repairing ditches in the hope of saving their crops. Many fail and whole families die as a consequence, killed by the diseases connected with malnutrition. With fewer people left to tend the land, more acres are abandoned and return to waste ground. In this way, even a slight variation in temperature can wreak profound changes upon the countryside.

-The Time Traveler’s Guide To Medieval England: A Handbook for Visitors to the Fourteenth Century. By Ian Mortimer.

I wanted to highlight this specific passage, not for its purpose in the book, but for its relevant to our modern climate crisis. The drop in temperature and Great Famine of 1315-1317 referenced here affected all of Europe. It occurred at the end of the Medieval Warm Period. One theory for its cause would be the global cooling precipitated by the eruption of Mount Tarawera in New Zealand. Although there are various proposed factors for the Medieval Warm period (which brought great prosperity), all of which are outside of human control. 

All of this is to say that it means little if our modern climate crisis is caused by human activity. Civilization is a fragile thing in the face of such powerful natural forces, and the natural fluctuations of temperature throughout history bring times of great change and destruction. Even if our current era of climate change is natural, all that would mean is we have to make the extra effort to counteract that.

Oh and here’s a two thousand year chart of global temperature: 

(The wide range in average temperatures is because the medieval warm period was not a global thing)

#climate change #climate crisis #history #climate history #medieval history #1300s #english history