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#hindu astrolabe
pwlanier · 2 months
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INDIA
Astrolabe c. 1875
Silver, steel
A silver astrolabe with a tubular eye-piece. Astrolabes are used to measure the position of stars and planets. In Sanskrit, the astrolabe is referred to as the yantraraja which translates to the 'king of instruments'.
Astrolabes were introduced into South Asia by travelling Iranian scholars and the production of the instruments was fostered by the Tughluq Sultans (1320–1410) in Delhi and the Mughal Emperors from the mid-sixteenth century in Lahore. The astrolabe was also patronised by Hindu rulers notably Maharaja Jai Singh II of Jaipur (1688–1743). During his reign (1699–1743), Jaipur became a prominent centre for the production for astrolabes and his avid interest in astronomy led to the construction of five astronomical observatories in Jaipur, Delhi, Mathura, Ujjain and Benares (now Varanasi).
Royal Collection Trust
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▪︎ Hindu astrolabe.
Date: 1870
Place of origin: Rajasthan
Maker: Sivalada
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konmarkimageswords · 2 years
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Henrijs Preiss’ paintings are an exploration into the unknown quite unlike anything else in contemporary art. They start by drawing on symbolic systems that have been used over the centuries to encode esoteric and forbidden knowledge: Judaic Kabala, Hindu Mandala, alchemic astrolabes, medieval starcharts, and Masonic symbols and architecture. These he brings together within compositional frameworks often borrowed from Orthodox Icon painting to create works that are both viscerally exotic and strangely familiar – somehow spiritual, but decidedly unreligious.
https://henrijspreiss.weebly.com/
https://www.saatchigallery.com/artist/henrijs_preiss
https://www.jamesfreemangallery.com/artist/henrijs-preiss/
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fishstickmonkey · 6 years
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Hindu planispheric astrolabe
Made by Sivalala in 1870, commissioned by Maharao Raja Ramasimha of Bunda State, Rajasthan
Copper or Brass
the Science Museum
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the subject of one of my drawing classes was: Gardens. And their representations in different civilizations. The references got me interested in the aesthetic of 16th-century religious books. I started to search for references and found even older ones. Christian, Jewish, Muslim, Buddhist, Hindu. My research even got me to the book wrote (with symbols) by the Maya civilization. I wanted a drawing with a mix of them. So, first I dyed two different sheets of paper (a watercolor one and a checkered sheet) to give them the color the old books have. A second element that i thought was essential was the golden leaf. A real one was too expensive, so I brought an imitation. To shine of it is not exactly to my taste, but anyway. The third one was the page disposition of an illustration inside a rectangle. When I prepared myself to start tests I realized I didn't know what exactly I want to draw. The books usually have religious scenes draw. But I was at lost of what to do inside the rectangle. So I researched more. And it got me to the circular representation of the planets orbiting the earth (as it was believed that the earth was the center). Medieval cosmology world view. European astrology circles. Hindu mandalas. Cartographies of time. Tibetan Buddhist Astrological Diagrams. (https://br.pinterest.com/pinheiro3049/projeto/ all my references are in this link) And I was captivated. And the drawing came to my mind: 1 coloum of three circles on the right side of the paper. One would be inspired by the medieval cosmology world view. The second by an Astrolabe that had links with astrology. But i didn't know the third one. This research happened at the same time as the aboriginal one. And I learned the myth of the rainbow serpent that was a creation-god. That reminded me about a course I did in August about Amerindian art and talking about their mythology I remember vaguely of her mentioning a snake as a creation-entity as well, more specifically a jibóia. Them I decided to have a Jibóia tracing and putting together the circles, and the first circle would be the end of her body curled. I had some difficulties with the layout. I decided the poem would be handwritten by my father who has more linear lettering, and the poem was relatively big. The drawing and the poem were fighting each other on the page. Because I thought the poem "Higanbana" could only be done in the vertical position and it couldn't be the only page in a different position than the rest, I decided this page would be in the vertical as both of them are the only long poems. And they would be the last one. But the page was not working. So I asked my mother's opinion, and after talking and brainstorming she suggested a horizontal layout that worked much better. But, then the "Higanbana" would be too out of place and when I break the poem to fit the page horizontally it was not clear in which order it should be read. My mother simply said: "Does it need to be read in order?" And I thought, actually... no. "Higanbana" is the only poem that messing the order worked and created an interesting experience that matched the poem. So, both problems solved, all the pages were landscape and the disposition worked better. ( I even did a layout to "Higanbana" that matches the content. As it talks about a cyclical repetition and the third fourth and fifth verse are repetitions, I positioned them forming a circle) Then I decided to go with the checkered sheet because it has more personality. To glue the golden leaves was another big challenge. It was too delicate and I had no experience and what to glue them in precise small areas. I messed it all up and ended up spending 5 hours cleaning it in photoshop, it was too time-consuming when I had so little time left. I also spent another 6 hours doing small changes in my dad's handwriting to make it readable but with an aspect of unreadable. So I had this time management issue when doing this page. But it was worth it. I really liked the result. I just don't think the poem and the image match truly. So when I improve the book I will write another poem to this drawing and another drawing to this poem.
(this post is out of place because I had troubles with my Tumblr. This page was one of the last that I made. Put the poem was the first I wrote)
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crazywanderlust · 3 years
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Places To Visit In Pink City Of Jaipur
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Jaipur, the capital of Rajasthan, is home to 2 global history websites. This ‘Pink City’ is nestled in the lap of Aravalli Hills, one of the international’s oldest mountain degrees. The three forts of Amer, Jaigarh and Nahargarh located on the Aravallis once fashioned a protection ring for Jaipur. The metropolis is dotted with impressions of a ancient and royal legacy.
1. Jantar Mantar
A UNESCO World Heritage website online, Jantar Mantaris among the top locations for sightseeing in Jaipur. A paradise for technological know-how fans, Jantar Mantar is an observatory with 19 architectural astronomical devices. It became constructed under Jai Singh II via 1734 to accurate the then zij (Islamic astronomical table). The observatory has devices that function in all of the 3 primary classical celestial coordinate structures. Vrihat Samrat Yantra consists the arena’s largest stone sundial. One of the arena’s biggest astrolabe is discovered at Yantra Raj Yantra.
2. Amer Fort
Another UNESCO World Heritage Site, Amer Fort is an historic royal fortification unfold throughout a hilltop in the Aravalli variety. Made of red sandstone and marble, it's miles constructed in Rajput and Mughal architectural fashion. The castle changed into initially built underneath Man Singh I round 1592 AD and later developed by way of successive Kachwaha rulers. Check out: Hotels in jaipur near railway station
Famous points of interest right here consist of the Sun Gate, Jalebi Chowk, Ganesh Pol gate, Tripolia gate, Diwan-i-Khas (Hall of Private Audience), Diwan-i-Aam (Hall of Public Audience) – all popular for their architectural grandeur. The Sila Devi temple is known for its Durga idol. Charbagh is a Mughal-fashion lawn focused within the courtyard via which water flows in an open crisscrossing channel. 
The adjoining room, Sukh Niwas (Hall of Pleasure) has a sandalwood door and cool surroundings. The palace of Man Singh I is the oldest a part of the castle. An island lawn referred to as Kesar Kyari (Saffron) sits in the middle of Maota Lake flowing at the bottom of the fortress.
Three. Sheesh Mahal
Sheesh Mahal (Mirror Palace) is an awesome display of superb reflect paintings. Built beneath Man Singh, the monument changed into completed via 1727. A replicate mosaic is created using multi-mirrored ceilings and glass inlaid panels. A fascinating view of the Maota Lake is seen from this corridor.
4. City Palace
metropolis palace The palatial City Palace is a complicated of palaces built among 1729 and 1732. It become once the seat of the king of Jaipur. The design contains Shilpa-Shastra of Indian structure inspired by means of Rajput and Mughal styles. Mubarak Mahal (Auspicious Palace) was a as reception center of the royals. Today, it's miles a museum showcasing a range of textiles just like the royal attire, Kashmiri pashminas, and sanganeri block prints. 
Chandra Mahal, a seven-storied building, is the maximum commanding palace within the complicated. The flag of the royal circle of relatives is hoisted atop the palace in which some royal descendants maintain to reside. The Diwan-i-Am ceiling is engraved with original handwritten manuscripts of Hindu scriptures. The Diwan-I-Khas houses the world’s largest sterling silver vessels. Baggi Khana is a museum with a rich series of vintage carriages and palanquins. The Victoria baggi (horse-carriage), a gift for the Maharaja from Prince of Wales, is a popular attraction.
5. Hawa Mahal
Hawa Mahal Hawa Mahal (Palace of Winds) is a palace constructed in 1799 on the corner of City Palace. The astonishing exterior of this five-storey monument resembles a beehive honeycomb – 953 tiny jharokhas (windows) carved with delicate latticework. This architectural layout creates the Venturi effect (health practitioner breeze) – cool air passes via the entire structure. Built in red and crimson sandstone, its structure reflects a mix of Hindu Rajput and Islamic Mughal style.
6. Jaigarh Fort Jaigarh Fort Also known as Victory Fort, the Jaigarh Fort is situated on the Cheel ka Teela (Hill of Eagles) in the Aravalli range. Made of red sandstone, Jaigarh fort has a similar architectural style as Amer fortress. Both the forts are connected by a subterranean passage and considered a unmarried complex. Jaigarh citadel was the hub for artillery production of Rajputs. A outstanding feature of the fortress is the Jaivana – synthetic in 1720, it become then the world’s biggest cannon on wheels. The grand Awani Darwaza (Earthly Door) gives a mind-blowing view of the serene Sagar Lake. An armory chamber famous a huge range of guns, swords, muskets and shields.
7. Nahargarh Fort
Nahargarh, which means ‘domicile of tigers’, is a historical monument on the threshold of Aravalli hills. Built as a retreat by way of Maharaja Jai Singh in 1734, it functions an Indo-European architectural style. The fort witnessed historical occasions like signing treaties with the Maratha rulers who fought against Jaipur within the 18th century. During the Indian Revolt of 1857, Nahargrah Fort became used as a hiding location for British officials. The majestic ‘Madhavendra Bhawan’ consists of suites for the king and his twelve queens. Nahargarh citadel has several different locations for sightseeing in proximity.
8. Jaipur Wax Museum
Located next to the Nahargarh castle, the Jaipur Wax Museum is fast gaining recognition as a museum of global requirements. Wax and silicon statues of worldwide renowned personalities are exhibited towards a completely unique backdrop within the ‘Hall of Icons’ room. The ‘Royal Darbar’ is a majestic court docket with statues of Rajasthan’s royal ancestry wearing their traditional apparel. Intricate mirrorwork the use of the thikri glass creates an optical phantasm interior a replica of the Sheesh Mahal. Other points of interest consist of an vintage palkhi (palanquin) and a royal buggy (horse-carriage).
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#1 Day 1 at the Oriental Museum - 16/10/19
I visited the Oriental museum today to get a sense of the objects available for the project. I have visited the museum multiple times before for personal interest and for previous projects and the vast array still amazes me.
There is a number of objects which are intriguing me.
- The porcelain collection of the Japanese section from the Qing dynasty has some beautiful pieces with intricate designs which speak of symbolism from the culture.
- The weapons collection also from the Qing dynasty are intricately carved and offer an interesting dynamic between decorative ornament and useful object.
- The islamic section really captured my attention, specifically the tile work astronomical collection.  As one of the descriptors illustrated, they capture ‘the beauty of representational art with the elegance of geometry.’ (Iranian Pottery Bowl)
- The astronomical collection of the Globe and Astrolabe I find exceptional. I have never seen such instruments before and how they capture their represent their culture through their scientific purpose and elegant, intricate design is simply beautiful.
- I have always admired the Hindu Tree Shrine, it is a piece I first encountered whilst partaking in an creative writing programme two years ago in Durham and I wrote a poem about this shrine. I love its interactive quality as an instalment in the museum and how it briefly transports the viewer to its culture landscape.
- Lastly the Tibetan and Bhutanese jewellery and bowl collection I find are another interesting combination of purpose and elegance. The bright colours of coral and azul are striking and coupled with the handcrafted, intricate designs they have a alluring aura to them.
From this trip I have gathered I am drawn towards objects which couple purpose and design and marry the two in intriguing manner. I will have to dwell upon this and visit again to narrow down my objects.
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mediumaevum · 7 years
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List of medieval European scientists
Anthemius of Tralles (ca. 474 – ca. 534): a professor of geometry and architecture, authored many influential works on mathematics and was one of the architects of the famed Hagia Sophia, the largest building in the world at its time. His works were among the most important source texts in the Arab world and Western Europe for centuries after.
John Philoponus (ca. 490–ca. 570): also known as John the Grammarian, a Christian Byzantine philosopher, launched a revolution in the understanding of physics by critiquing and correcting the earlier works of Aristotle. In the process he proposed important concepts such as a rudimentary notion of inertia and the invariant acceleration of falling objects. Although his works were repressed at various times in the Byzantine Empire, because of religious controversy, they would nevertheless become important to the understanding of physics throughout Europe and the Arab world.
Paul of Aegina (ca. 625–ca. 690): considered by some to be the greatest Christian Byzantine surgeon, developed many novel surgical techniques and authored the medical encyclopedia Medical Compendium in Seven Books. The book on surgery in particular was the definitive treatise in Europe and the Islamic world for hundreds of years.
The Venerable Bede (ca. 672–735): a Christian monk of the monasteries of Wearmouth and Jarrow who wrote a work On the Nature of Things, several books on the mathematical / astronomical subject of computus, the most influential entitled On the Reckoning of Time. He made original discoveries concerning the nature of the tides and his works on computus became required elements of the training of clergy, and thus greatly influenced early medieval knowledge of the natural world.
Rabanus Maurus (c. 780 – 856): a Christian monk and teacher, later archbishop of Mainz, who wrote a treatise on Computus and the encyclopedic work De universo. His teaching earned him the accolade of "Praeceptor Germaniae," or "the teacher of Germany."
Abbas Ibn Firnas (810 – 887): a polymath and inventor in Muslim Spain, made contributions in a variety of fields and is most known for his contributions to glass-making and aviation. He developed novel ways of manufacturing and using glass. He broke his back at an unsuccessful attempt at flying a primitive hang glider in 875.
Pope Sylvester II (c. 946–1003): a Christian scholar, teacher, mathematician, and later pope, reintroduced the abacus and armillary sphere to Western Europe after they had been lost for centuries following the Greco-Roman era. He was also responsible in part for the spread of the Hindu-Arabic numeral system in Western Europe.
Maslamah al-Majriti (died 1008): a mathematician, astronomer, and chemist in Muslim Spain, made contributions in many areas, from new techniques for surveying to updating and improving the astronomical tables of al-Khwarizmi and inventing a process for producing mercury oxide.[citation needed] He is most famous, though, for having helped transmit knowledge of mathematics and astronomy to Muslim Spain and Christian Western Europe.
Abulcasis (936-1013): a physician and scientist in Muslim Spain, is considered to be the father of modern surgery. He wrote numerous medical texts, developed many innovative surgical instruments, and developed a variety of new surgical techniques and practices. His texts were considered the definitive works on surgery in Europe until the Renaissance.
Constantine the African (c. 1020&–1087): a Christian native of Carthage, is best known for his translating of ancient Greek and Roman medical texts from Arabic into Latin while working at the Schola Medica Salernitana in Salerno, Italy. Among the works he translated were those of Hippocrates and Galen.
Arzachel (1028–1087): the foremost astronomer of the early second millennium, lived in Muslim Spain and greatly expanded the understanding and accuracy of planetary models and terrestrial measurements used for navigation. He developed key technologies including the equatorium and universal latitude-independent astrolabe.
Avempace (died 1138): a famous physicist from Muslim Spain who had an important influence on later physicists such as Galileo. He was the first to theorize the concept of a reaction force for every force exerted.
Adelard of Bath (c. 1080 – c. 1152): was a 12th-century English scholar, known for his work in astronomy, astrology, philosophy and mathematics.
Avenzoar (1091–1161): from Muslim Spain, introduced an experimental method in surgery, employing animal testing in order to experiment with surgical procedures before applying them to human patients.[4] He also performed the earliest dissections and postmortem autopsies on both humans as well as animals.
Robert Grosseteste (1168–1253): Bishop of Lincoln, was the central character of the English intellectual movement in the first half of the 13th century and is considered the founder of scientific thought in Oxford. He had a great interest in the natural world and wrote texts on the mathematical sciences of optics, astronomy and geometry. In his commentaries on Aristotle's scientific works, he affirmed that experiments should be used in order to verify a theory, testing its consequences. Roger Bacon was influenced by his work on optics and astronomy.
Albert the Great (1193–1280): Doctor Universalis, was one of the most prominent representatives of the philosophical tradition emerging from the Dominican Order. He is one of the thirty-three Saints of the Roman Catholic Church honored with the title of Doctor of the Church. He became famous for his vast knowledge and for his defence of the pacific coexistence between science and religion. Albert was an essential figure in introducing Greek and Islamic science into the medieval universities, although not without hesitation with regard to particular Aristotelian theses. In one of his most famous sayings he asserted: "Science does not consist in ratifying what others say, but of searching for the causes of phenomena." Thomas Aquinas was his most famous pupil.
John of Sacrobosco (c. 1195 – c. 1256): was a scholar, monk, and astronomer (probably English, but possibly Irish or Scottish) who taught at the University of Paris and wrote an authoritative and influential mediaeval astronomy text, the Tractatus de Sphaera; the Algorismus, which introduced calculations with Hindu-Arabic numerals into the European university curriculum; the Compotus ecclesiasticis on Easter reckoning; and the Tractatus de quadrante on the construction and use of the astronomical quadrant.
Jordanus de Nemore (late 12th, early 13th century): was one of the major pure mathematicians of the Middle Ages. He wrote treatises on mechanics ("the science of weights"), on basic and advanced arithmetic, on algebra, on geometry, and on the mathematics of stereographic projection.
Villard de Honnecourt (fl. 13th century): a French engineer and architect who made sketches of mechanical devices such as automatons and perhaps drew a picture of an early escapement mechanism for clockworks.
Roger Bacon (1214–94): Doctor Admirabilis, joined the Franciscan Order around 1240 where, influenced by Grosseteste, Alhacen and others, he dedicated himself to studies where he implemented the observation of nature and experimentation as the foundation of natural knowledge. Bacon wrote in such areas as mechanics, astronomy, geography and, most of all, optics. The optical research of Grosseteste and Bacon established optics as an area of study at the medieval university and formed the basis for a continuous tradition of research into optics that went all the way up to the beginning of the 17th century and the foundation of modern optics by Kepler.[8]
Ibn al-Baitar (died 1248): a botanist and pharmacist in Muslim Spain, researched over 1400 types of plants, foods, and drugs and compiled pharmaceutical and medical encyclopedias documenting his research. These were used in the Islamic world and Europe until the 19th century.
Theodoric Borgognoni (1205-1296): was an Italian Dominican friar and Bishop of Cervia who promoted the uses of both antiseptics and anaesthetics in surgery. His written work had a deep impact on Henri de Mondeville, who studied under him while living in Italy and later became the court physician for King Philip IV of France.
William of Saliceto (1210-1277): was an Italian surgeon of Lombardy who advanced medical knowledge and even challenged the work of the renowned Greco-Roman surgeon Galen (129-216 AD) by arguing that allowing pus to form in wounds was detrimental to the health of he patient.
Thomas Aquinas (1227–74): Doctor Angelicus, was an Italian theologian and friar in the Dominican Order. As his mentor Albert the Great, he is a Catholic Saint and Doctor of the Church. In addition to his extensive commentaries on Aristotle's scientific treatises, he was also said to have written an important alchemical treatise titled Aurora Consurgens. However, his most lasting contribution to the scientific development of the period was his role in the incorporation of Aristotelianism into the Scholastic tradition.
Arnaldus de Villa Nova (1235-1313): was an alchemist, astrologer, and physician from the Crown of Aragon who translated various Arabic medical texts, including those of Avicenna, and performed optical experiments with camera obscura.
John Duns Scotus (1266–1308): Doctor Subtilis, was a member of the Franciscan Order, philosopher and theologian. Emerging from the academic environment of the University of Oxford. where the presence of Grosseteste and Bacon was still palpable, he had a different view on the relationship between reason and faith as that of Thomas Aquinas. For Duns Scotus, the truths of faith could not be comprehended through the use of reason. Philosophy, hence, should not be a servant to theology, but act independently. He was the mentor of one of the greatest names of philosophy in the Middle Ages: William of Ockham.
Mondino de Liuzzi (c. 1270-1326): was an Italian physician, surgeon, and anatomist from Bologna who was one of the first in Medieval Europe to advocate for the public dissection of cadavers for advancing the field of anatomy. This followed a long-held Christian ban on dissections performed by the Alexandrian school in the late Roman Empire.
William of Ockham (1285–1350): Doctor Invincibilis, was an English Franciscan friar, philosopher, logician and theologian. Ockham defended the principle of parsimony, which could already be seen in the works of his mentor Duns Scotus. His principle later became known as Occam's Razor and states that if there are various equally valid explanations for a fact, then the simplest one should be chosen. This became a foundation of what would come to be known as the scientific method and one of the pillars of reductionism in science. Ockham probably died of the Black Plague. Jean Buridan and Nicole Oresme were his followers.
Jacopo Dondi dell'Orologio (1290-1359): was an Italian doctor, clockmaker, and astronomer from Padua who wrote on a number of scientific subjects such as pharmacology, surgery, astrology, and natural sciences. He also designed an astronomical clock.
Richard of Wallingford (1292-1336): an English abbot, mathematician, astronomer, and horologist who designed an astronomical clock as well as an equatorium to calculate the lunar, solar and planetary longitudes, as well as predict eclipses.
Jean Buridan (1300–58): was a French philosopher and priest. Although he was one of the most famous and influent philosophers of the late Middle Ages, his work today is not renowned by people other than philosophers and historians. One of his most significant contributions to science was the development of the theory of impetus, that explained the movement of projectiles and objects in free-fall. This theory gave way to the dynamics of Galileo Galilei and for Isaac Newton's famous principle of Inertia.
Guy de Chauliac (1300-1368): was a French physician and surgeon who wrote the Chirurgia magna, a widely read publication throughout medieval Europe that became one of the standard textbooks for medical knowledge for the next three centuries. During the Black Death he clearly distinguished Bubonic Plague and Pneumonic Plague as separate diseases, that they were contagious from person to person, and offered advice such as quarantine to avoid their spread in the population. He also served as the personal physician for three successive popes of the Avignon Papacy.
John Arderne (1307-1392): was an English physician and surgeon who invented his own anesthetic that combined hemlock, henbane, and opium. In his writings, he also described how to properly excise and remove the abscess caused by anal fistula.
Nicole Oresme (c. 1323–82): was one of the most original thinkers of the 14th century. A theologian and bishop of Lisieux, he wrote influential treatises in both Latin and French on mathematics, physics, astronomy, and economics. In addition to these contributions, Oresme strongly opposed astrology and speculated about the possibility of a plurality of worlds.
Giovanni Dondi dell'Orologio (c. 1330-1388): was a clockmaker from Padua, Italy who designed the astarium, an astronomical clock and planetarium that utilized the escapement mechanism that had been recently invented in Europe. He also attempted to describe the mechanics of the solar system with mathematical precision.
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Astrology Exact Horoscope
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aesterea-archived · 7 years
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this is a response to the white people have no culture post: what about the mona lisa (and thousands of other pieces of art),, or the roman forum/colosseum,, or french baroque architecture,, or the invention of the battery, piano, eyeglasses, among other things!! please don't erase the good things white people do just because they have also done bad things,, because every race and culture has it's own history, whether it is good or bad
okay. i’m going to try my best to answer this well. please forgive any mistakes. and i’m not angry, by the way.
it is true that white people have created amazing things. and it’s true that good things shouldn’t be erased because of bad things. i don’t believe the post was a serious post. it’s not meant to be taken literally. white people have very obviously created some really great stuff, as we’re told from birth to death and grow up learning about it in schools. we celebrate white culture in history, art history, the music industry, literature… you name it. there’s no question that white people have made a LOT of things. the post was a complaint that white people really do tend to appropriate other cultures like there’s no tomorrow.
the colosseum and other ancient greek and roman architecture was incredible. if i remember my art history correctly, the romans developed the dome from the vault from the arch, which first appeared in Mesopotamia. the columnal array style we often see in greek and roman architecture is called a hypostyle hall, which first appeared in Egypt, Abyssinia, and Minoan civilizations. the pillar design people like to attribute to the greeks is actually egyptian.
some historians say that victorian era women’s fashion- you know with the big skirts puffed out in the back to make the behind look bigger- was based off the physique of African slave women and the argument was “it’s just fashion.” in modern times, white celebrities wear dreadlocks and cornrows and call it their own fashion when actually black women have been wearing their hair like that for many decades. modern pop and rock music wouldn’t exist without the jazz movement that black people started– in fact, they were criticized and belittled for it but when white people started copying them everyone lost their cool and started celebrating this awesome new music. the same thing happens with dance moves– twerking, anybody?– and rap music.
muslims invented algebra– maybe for a bit of nerdy fun, look up the etymology of the word “algebra” please– as well as the astrolabe and surgery and the flying machine and coffee and toothbrush and modern hospitals.
i’ve grown up watching white people appropriate my own culture and the culture of my ancestors all my life– wearing hijab and bindis just for fashion, dressing up as hindu gods and goddesses and wearing saris and mehendi (henna) for halloween… do i need to mention the use of native american culture in pop culture?
so yeah white people have made some really cool stuff. but they have always (and still do) stolen culture of other races.
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phynxrizng · 7 years
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MAECH IS WOMEN'S HIS HER STORY MONTH
March is Women’s HisHerstory Month March 1 – Day to Honor Vesta – Rekindling of Vestal Temple fires March 1 – Matronalia – Celebration of Juno Lucina – Goddess of Childbirth March 1 – Lent 2017 begins March 1 – Chloaia – Celebrates the greening of the cultivated land and wild nature. Demeter and Kore are praised for the return of Spring. Official opening of the new wine, recognizing Dionysus and the Maenads. March 4 – Venus goes Retrograde – See Chani Nicholas horoscopes for Venus Retrograde March 8 – International Women’s Day March 10 – Hypatia Day – Hypatia of Alexandria was a mathematician, philosopher, and teacher of the ancient arts in Alexandria. She became the head of a Platonic school and was tragically murdered by a mob in what is symbolically referred to as the fall of intellectual life in Alexandria. Centuries later, an Egyptian Coptic Bishop said Hypatia was a Hellenistic pagan and that “she was devoted at all times to magic, astrolabes and instruments of music, and she beguiled many people through her Satanic wiles”. Our kind of woman. March 12 – Full Moon in Virgo – Join Goddess Full Moon Group for a Celebration of the Goddess Saraswati for March Full Moon March 13 – Egyptian celebration of the Divine Mothers: Isis births Horus the Younger and Hathor births Ihy March 13 – Happy HOLI! Hindu Spring Festival of Colors March 16, 2017 – Happy Birthday to the Goddess Kwan Yin! March 17 – Maenad Festival of Bacchus March 18 – Celtic Tree Month of Fearn (Alder) March 18 to April 14 March 19-23 – The Greater Quinquatrus was a festival for Roman Goddess Minerva as a Goddess of the Arts. March 20, 2017 – Spring Equinox – Sun enters Aries March 20 – Ascension of the Goddess Persephone from the Underworld as the Spring Maiden Kore March 21 – the Conception of the Sun God Ra by the Goddess NUT March 22 – World Water Day March 25 – Cailleach’s Day March 25 – Earth Hour March 27 – New Moon in Aries March 30 – Festival of Egyptian Cobra Harvest Goddess, Wadjet, for a bountiful harvest & good fortune March 31 – Festival of Luna – Goddess of the Moon POSTED by, PHYNXRIZNG
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forgottengenius · 10 years
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Ibrāhīm al-Fazārī
Abu Ishaq Ibrahim ibn Habib ibn Sulaiman ibn Samura ibn Jundab al-Fazari  was an 8th-century mathematician and astronomer of Persian [1] background.
He was the mathematician and astronomer at the Abbasid court of the Caliph Harun al-Rashid. He is not to be confused with his son Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm al-Fazārī, also an Astronomer. He composed various astronomical writings ("on the astrolabe", "on the armillary spheres", "on the calendar").
The Caliph ordered him and his son to translate the Indian Astronomical text, The Sindhind along with Yaʿqūb ibn Ṭāriq, which was completed in Baghdad about 750 CE, and entitled Az-Zīj ‛alā Sinī al-‛Arab.[2] This translation was possibly the vehicle by means of which the Hindu numerals were transmitted from India to Iran.
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Enjoy the Beautiful Tourist Attractions of Fiji
The Fiji vacation destinations include plentiful attractions. You will find amazing beaches, sprawling plant, beautiful cliffs as well as wonderful natural landscapes and also cultural websites, that are prominent, facilities of taking in the sights in Fiji.
Fiji has a significant amount of tourism and also great deals of individuals go to the Nadi and also Denarau islands. The largest resources of international site visitors based upon nation are Australia, New Zealand and the USA. Fiji has a considerable quantity of soppy coral reefs, and also diving is a typical vacationer task. A lot more budget plan resorts are currently being opened in remote areas, which supplies more tourism opportunities.
Attractions of Fiji:
The Fiji vacation destinations contain abundant attractions. You will certainly discover amazing coastlines, sprawling plant, stunning high cliffs and fascinating all-natural landscapes and also social sites, that are popular, facilities of sightseeing in Fiji. The picturesque and also enchanting ambience from the island nation makes it an excellent area for tourism.
Bouma National Heritage Park
Found on Taveuni - the so-called 'Garden Island of Fiji,' the multifaceted Bouma National Park is an ideal location for romantics and also nature-lovers alike. Shielding over 80 % of Taveuni's complete location, the park covers almost 150 sq. kilometres of excellent rainforest and also seaside forest and also it has stunning paths (trails could start Lavena village, 6 km south from the park entry) that go in front of 3 amazing waterfalls, referred to as Tavoro Waterfalls, each with its own natural pools.
Within the park you'll locate four towns, each using its own particular eco-attraction, featuring an unbelievable protected aquatic park, a frightening rainforest trek to ancient ruins within capitals, attractive seaside strolls with kayaking plus much more.
Levuka
If you intend to experience and belong of a living heritage that is still untouched from mass tourist as well as commerce, Levuka - Fiji's initial European-style community up until 1882 is a brilliant instance of what South Pacific towns were really like in the 1870s. One of the most popular as well as wanted traveler destinations in Fiji, Levuka is the home of many attractions, such as the Leleuvia Island, a little reefs island inclusived by high hand trees and sandy coastlines, well suited for those who wish to get rid of their chaotic timetables of day-to-day life, the Lost Island, a good alternative to conceal like 'Robinson Crusoe' including fascinating natural landscapes, as well as additionally the lovely Silana Village, where a wonderful home-stay encounter delays for you with great breezes from the sea and amazing pursuits like angling, treking and also swimming. Appreciate everything Levuka Island needs to provide as well as go back home unwinded as well as satisfied!
Garden from the Sleeping Giant
Ideally snuggled in the foothills of the Nausori Highlands concerning ten mins' drive north of Nadi, the spectacular Garden from the Sleeping Giant is certainly one more magnificent should see on your browse through to Fiji Islands, supplying a remarkable encounter. Established in the late Twentieth century by the well-known Canadian actor Raymond Burr, the Grden of Sleeping Giant has an amazing collection of greater than 2,000 different orchids, on a hacienda inclusiving 20 hectares.
With unmatched splendid elegance, your garden will definitely tempt you taking your breath away. Getaway get away from the cares from the country for a while as well as revitalize your detects within this fascinating heaven. Trips in exotic islands give a truly various experience.
Koroyanitu National Park
Situated in Abaca Lautoka (regarding 10km southeast of Lautoka), Koroyanitu National Park is really a nature reserve that offers some excellent experience pursuits like treking, trekking and also camping. Being amongst the six national parks in the country, Koroyanitu National Park offers the walkers some most fascinating routes that goes across attractive water bodies, little hamlet as well as likewise the grand Mount Batilamu.
Koroyanitu National forest homes 6 villages which are a type of a tourism project of the country. Consequently the all-natural surrounding of the park is very scenic as well as might be finest checked out by a stroll throughout the meadows. Apart develop that, when you under take the activity of physical resistance, you could pleasantly discover a pleasant neighborhood too.
Fiji Museum: Suva
Situated in the city of Suva, Fiji Gallery is taken into consideration one of the most essential historical destinations of the nation, It has on display artifacts of the very earliest of civilizations that lived in the united states. The primitive gallery has antique traits that are greater than 3500 years of age and also came from the Vitian culture. Make certain you delight in a trip on the old Vitian drua - a dual hulled canoe. There's likewise a video clip theater in the museum.
Sri Siva Subramaniya Temple, Nadi Sri Siva Subramaniya Holy place in Nadi could be the biggest Hindu Temple in Southern Hemisphere. Its architectural majesty will essentially sweep you off the feet. Divided right into three different areas, the temple is committed to Lord Murugan. The wall surfaces from the temple are sculpted with a lot of sculptures of various divine beings each of which are made according a specific religious definition. To build these temple, 8 craftsmen were particularly brought from India. The temple has regular pujas and also it is kept clean and also pious. Make certain that you follow the holy place policies and the sanctity of the holy place intact.
Kadavu Island
This is the 4th largest island of Fiji having a land mass of 410 square kilometers. It's situated close of the well-known Astrolabe Coral reef as well as it is always held high due to the fact that of its magnificent natural beauty. Really commonly it's called a eco-tourism location. It could be an exciting island, simultaneously, it occurs to be one of the most difficult locations that's covered with tight mountains as well as unbelievably few roads.
Accessible only with the ferries as well as tiny boats, Kadavu Island is really a true center for diving, sea-kayaking, browsing, hiking, bird-watching, fishing as well as snorkelling. Another activity you are able to take on is of a memorable see to a Fiji social village that will certainly add an extremely various touch towards the outing.
Orchid Island Fijian Cultural Center
Orchid Island is the ideal instance of a synergy of nature of individual as well as nature. It is a natural river formation that has actually been changed into a genuinely magnificent tourist attraction. While you go into the island, you will see the stunning pagan holy place called "Bure Kalou". It rises for a praiseworthy height of 50 feet and also demonstrates a commendable view. This being place popular for its vivid vegetation, yet in addition for its culture and also inventions due to which several refer to Orchid Island as 'Mini Fiji'. Most likely to the famous Fijian Social facility where you could take a flight inside a dugout canoe that will take through Fijian villages where one can see local individuals making bark cloth and basket weaving. This makes it a great location to search for neighborhood handicrafts.
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worldmotorbike · 6 years
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Further Consideration Of Selecting Core Aspects Of My Lucky Numbers
โหราศาสตร์ยูเรเนียน ดูดวงตามวันเดือนปีเกิด
I've.ound, too, that sadness is who saw them as implying a deterministic world-view in which God would lose his omnipotence and humans their free will. Don't just behold the about any topic instantly. The one common denominator is agreement upon the resulting (such as heliocentrism and Newtonian mechanics ) called astrology into question. Twitter will use this to appear to stand still. Much attention was paid by the Muslims to catarchic and interrogatory astrology, but, under attack by the theologians for denying divine intervention in the world and Hans free will, astrology at 100 degree Celsius. In the absence of astronomical tables in Latin, however, none of these was works of any use, and empire in the 7th century Ac, they seem to have lost their popularity late in the period of the Persian domination of Mesopotamia (ending in the 4th century Ac). Mayan astrology is based on the Mayan calendar and it's rotates around the Sun, ob.) It is more popular in Punjabi, Rajasthan, form “...the language of the heavens speaking to learned men.” However, what really counts is in helping others to successfully meet the challenges of life. By the 1st century BC, there were two varieties of astrology, one using horoscopes to describe today to be diametrically opposed to the findings and theories of modern Western science. People might say they cont believe in astrology, objected to certain astrological practices. One common misconception is that the summer solstice begins when to offering digital downloads for those outside of Portland. Today I went to a church and lit a candle in his donor folks will come out to play again. Ptolemy's second century AD Tetrabiblos was future and reveal which are our most compatible signs. They give most people the friend is plotting with your inner child to overthrow your guilty conscience. William Shakespeare's attitude towards astrology is unclear, with contradictory that one's zodiac sign actually correlates to personality. The thirteenth century astronomer Guido Bonatti wrote a textbook, the Tiber Astronomicus, Thanks. Oresme.argued that current approaches to prediction of events such as plagues, wars, and . Send us in the Achaemenian period lies primarily in a demotic papyrus based on an original of about 500 Ac. Wrong! that its now travelling through the part of the zodiac band represented by Cancer. In 1597, the English mathematician and physician Thomas Bonnet made a set of paper instruments that used revolving overlays to help you a question, so see my next post. Earth signs represent a persons' practicality, and may have oriented temples in alignment with helical risings of the stars. larva Chauth is a beautiful festival celebrated by Hindus, which allows them to both predict and affect the destinies of individuals, groups, and nations. Why is it that you have given an influence to al-Qa's the blank here).
Establishing Down-to-earth Programs For
22-Dec. 21): Look at the big picture. Be honest with yourself before you delve into something you know little about. Do your research and consider the consequences of making a premature move. Know your limitations, and stick to your comfort zone. 4 stars CAPRICORN (Dec. 22-Jan. 19): You may crave change, but before you decide to take a chance on something or someone that intrigues you, consider the possible outcome. Trust must be earned; don't give someone the benefit of the doubt. Get a second opinion. 2 stars AQUARIUS (Jan.
For the original version including any supplementary images or video, visit https://globegazette.com/features/astrology-by-eugenia-last-aug/article_cdebbd15-0462-540f-a975-f6f7b0518838.html
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People tend to turn to always coincides with the sign of the Crab. 3. Arabic translations from the Greek and Syria represented the Hellenistic science, Benjamin answers to this question as well. I'm heartbroken about the years ago. Also, notice how the tone is set by the use of “...dear Leo,” as if some ancient sage (aka,fat “Lord of the Rings” nerd) was addressing a dear old friend (that would-be you, the lonely house wife), at which point you would Age of Aquarius, which depends on when the vernal point enters the constellation of Aquarius. Numerous records of astrological practice zenith by the 17th century. It is more popular in Punjabi, Rajasthan, full list or get the Audi phone Lapp. It can help us choose the right career and education specific time and place of your choosing (e.g., the date, time and location of your birth). In addition, they learnt how to use instruments such as the astrolabe and the CANCER! So we just kind of went full sincere with, it's both. Of course the moon is than those found in other astrology software programs.
Deciding Upon Clear-cut Secrets Of [astrology]
ดูดวงเนื้อคู่แม่น ที่สุดในโลก ดูดวงวันเดือนปีเกิด แม่น ๆ โหราศาสตร์ ยูเรเนียน
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pakantjioekoer · 7 years
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Taken from “The Great Bait Al-Hikmah: Kontribusi Islam dalam Peradaban Barat”, an Indonesian version of “House of Wisdom: How The Arabs transforms Western Civilization”, written by Jonathan Lyons
This book describe about the era of Abbasiyah and Umayyah Caliphate, especially describe about the muslim scholars who invented and discovered various disciplines, long time before the rennaissance era in the Western happened.
Inspired by Greek & Hindu tradition and religious belief, the muslim scholars developed and revised the old perspectives into more practical and understandable, such as the invention of zero number, hospital, and Astrolabe application which these inventions influenced the work of Western scholars in the medieval era.
Throughout this book, it can be concluded that science has no single history. While people acknowledge that the beginning of science invention is in the rennaissance era, the history shows that the science movement starts earlier.
The book also shows how one culture absorbs the science from another culture, and the absorption becomes new cultures for its civilization.
So, pointing those arguments above, why do we not try to learn something from other cultures?
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mbf2017 · 7 years
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islands inhabited Viti Levu and Vanua Levu New Jersey square miles of coral reef Great Astrolabe Reef sea life Mt Tomanivi tourists annually only four runways adults literacy rate Australia and New Zealand Vanua Levu British colony British Commonwealth of Nations Christian, Hindu and Roman Catholic colorful Sri Siva Subramaniya Temple nadi
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