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#like sir our ap is in three school days you have two teaching days left and we have only gotten to ronald Reagan.
alittleemo · 3 years
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my fatal flaw is going to sleep late every night of the week except for fridays, the one day i dont have literally anything to do the next day
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littlejeanniebean · 4 years
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peter parker goes to marvel high (normal mcu au)
A/N: Peter’s first day of high school ft. Shuri, Mr. Stark, Mr. Loki, and co. ~1700 words teenaged angst then fluff. More Peter x Shuri in my masterlist :)
Heavily inspired by this post by @spellbounding-slytherin
I’m also a big fan of @tinymintywolf​‘s art :))
- J xx
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Fact: Peter Parker was a nervous wreck. May, ever the optimist, had patted his cheeks, kicked him out of the car, and told him to have a good day. Peter had never had a good first day of school. He was smart but had a severe attention deficit, so even his teachers never liked him. His one best friend throughout junior high, Ned Leeds, had moved to New Jersey, so he would probably end up eating alone in some empty classroom just to be safe. And he’d met the principal at orientation last Friday. He had an eye patch and a perpetual frown, used to head up the corrections department for youth offenders. So yeah, high school was going to suck big time.
“Move it, dickwad,” one of the larger boys shoved past him at the door to his homeroom.
Peter strategically chose a seat in the ambiguous, unnoticeable middle. 
A short, bright-eyed girl marched up to him, “You’re in my seat.”
“Sorry! Sorry!” he tried to pick up his backpack but the strap was caught on the leg of his chair, so he just kind of ended up spilling himself over the floor. 
“Crap, I was just messing with you, kid,” she helped him up, “You good?”
“Yeah, yeah, sorry,” he just sort of stood there awkwardly, not meeting her eyes. 
“Dude, you gotta stop apologizing. I’m sorry, okay?” she tried to get him to look at her, “I’m Shuri. I have a messed up sense of humour that scares away any friends I might’ve ended up having. Is it cool if I sit next to you?”
“Yeah, sure,” he nodded, “I’m Perker Pat - Parker Pete - Peter Parker.”
“Cool.”
“Dude, you are sad,” the boy who shoved him coming into the room twirled an expensive-looking pen, sparing him the most derisive of sideways glances.
Peter was saved from actually having to come up with a response when their teacher walked in two-minutes after the bell and put his feet up on his desk, “Okay, kiddies. My name is Mr. Stark, you may call me Mr. Stark. I am your homeroom teacher unless you’re in the wrong room. I also teach AP Math and Computer Science. If you have questions at this point, I honestly wonder how you got this far in life, but I’m obligated to ask.”
The room was silent. 
“Great, do whatever until the bell rings, I guess.”
The class emptied out. 
Peter hung back, “M-Mr. Stark?”
“Yes, Proton.”
“I-it’s Peter, actually.”
“I was talking about your t-shirt.”
“I - Oh, yeah,” he looked down at the “I’m positive” joke print, “um… I just wanted to let you know that I have ADHD, mostly the AD part a-and I don’t expect any special treatment or anything and I’ll work really hard, but I also wanted to join Mathletes and I wasn’t allowed in junior high because I’d always get sidetracked at the meets but I think I can do better now if you’ll give me the chance… butifnotthat’sokay.”
Mr. Stark appraised him, “First meeting is in this room at three.”
“Thank you, sir!” he smiled, but when his teacher didn’t smile back, he fixed his face and walked to his next period.
“I’m Mr. Banner, and there are three things you need to remember if you want to succeed in biochemistry. One: If you’re unsure but proceed without asking for clarification first, I will be angry. Two: If you show up to the lab without completing the prior work assigned, I will be angry. Three: If you do not share work between your lab partners equally, I will be angry. Don’t make me angry.”
“Wanna be lab partners?” Shuri asked.
“Sure,” Peter squeaked and cleared his throat. 
“You’re not going to break a test tube on me, are you?”
He shook his head quickly. 
“You’re a lot of work, Peter Parker, but it’s kind of adorable.”
“Um… thanks?”
“You’re welcome. Now hand me that pipette and fire up the spectrophotometer.”
The last period before lunch was P.E.
“I’m Coach Barton, that’s all you need to know. Let’s do a few warm up laps around the circuit.”
Peter ran hard and was close to fainting as he crossed the line in the middle of the pack.
“Woah, kid, you need to go to the nurse’s?” Coach singled him out.
He tried to say ‘no’ but no sound would come out, so he just shook his head, gasping. He could hear the other boys snickering beyond the pounding of his blood in his brain.
“I think you need to go to the nurse’s,” Coach beckoned to the boy who’d crossed the line first, “Flash, take him to the clinic, would ya?”
“Yes, sir,” the bully from his homeroom smirked at him.
As soon as they were out of the gym, he jostled and picked at the smaller boy only to exhibit the epitome of sympathy in front of Nurse Man-Ti. 
“Here, drink some electrolytes,” she told him and he finished the small bottle in under a minute. 
As soon as Flash was gone, Peter let himself just cry. He wished his aunt would just homeschool him, but it’s been hard since his uncle died and in the face of that, Peter felt bad for feeling bad about his little problems and that made him cry some more.
“Hey,” the nurse sat beside him quietly, “Peter, right?”
He nodded, “I’m sorry.”
“What for? Better out than in, that’s what I always say.”
Peter sniffed.
“Do you want to talk about it? Or make an appointment with Counsellor Barnes?” 
“No, no, I’m fine. I just needed, uh… electrolytes,” he leaves quickly after that.
Peter goes to his locker for his bag and clothes, red eyes trained on the floor so that hopefully nobody notices. He doesn’t notice Shuri arguing with Flash, gesturing forcefully back at his locker. Flash sees him put in his combination and open the door, a cheshire grin spreading across his face. 
“Peter!” Shuri tries to warn him, “Don’t -”
But it’s too late and he’s covered in silly string, a few old socks found decomposing in the gym lockers, and the contents of a bathroom trash can. 
“I’m gonna go change,” he whispers to no one in particular.
“I’ll save you a place at lunch?” Shuri called after him.
Peter stops in his tracks to shoot her a grateful smile, “Thank you.”
Mr. Thor Odinson was a very loud history teacher, but it worked well for keeping Peter’s attention throughout the class, so he was able to answer all the review questions. 
“Teacher’s pet,” Flash scoffed at the sound of the bell.
“Dumbass,” Shuri fake-coughed and pulled Peter to the auditorium.
“I’m Mr. Loki Odinson, you may call me Mr. Loki to distinguish between myself and my hard-of-hearing brother, Thor,” said their quieter drama teacher, “Thompson, if you kick Parker’s chair one more time, I will send you to Fury’s office with no note, no explanation. And he has a very specific way of dealing with those cases.”
Flash stopped and sat straighter. 
“Good, Parker, you seem suitably nervous. Come up here and help me demonstrate a quick improvisation exercise.”
Peter tripped on his way down the aisle to the stage, but kept going. 
“Now, you’re a superhero and I’m a supervillain. You’re trying to turn me over to the good side, but we can only converse alphabetically. So you must start with the letter ‘A’, I must start with the letter ‘B’ and so forth. Are you ready?”
“No.”
“Ah, ah, first rule of improv: the answer is always, ‘Yes, and…’ Let’s go, Parker. You’re brave. You’re bold. You’re a hero.”
“Alright, Mr. Villain, you have two choices,” Peter surprised himself at how his voice carried. It must be the way the auditorium was built, “perish, or join our fight.”
“Blech, I choose to perish,” Mr. Loki dropped to his knees, “C’mon Hero, end me if you have the guts at all.”
“Come on, you know you never wanted to watch the city burn to begin with. The hive possessed you, used you. Now, you have the chance to redeem yourself.”
“Don’t presume to know me because you can’t possibly. You don’t know what I’ve been through. What I’ve lost!”
“Everything,” Peter said quietly, “Everyone you ever cared for. I do know… because so have I. We’re not so different.”
“Fighting the hive is a losing proposition. You have nothing that could work against them!”
“Gas. Even a million eyes are no good in a fog.”
“Huh… I never thought of that. I’ll join your fight, Hero if you’ll let me,” Mr. Loki proffered his “bound” wrists.
“I knew there was some good left in you, Mr. Villain,” Peter “unlocked” the “restraints.”
Mr. Loki mimed holding a knife to Peter’s neck, “Just not that much, I’m afraid. Hive Mother! I’ve got him! I’ve got the hero! Now release my family from the void as you promised!”
Peter wracked his brain from the next letter. The plot twist didn’t help him think either. “... Krap with a ‘k’?” 
Mr. Loki broke character and laughed before clapping and shaking his student’s hand, “That was the most interesting improv demonstration I’ve had in awhile, Parker. You’re a natural. Now everyone pair off and try to top that performance if you can!”
English with Mr. Rogers was the last period of the day. He didn’t look up from his book until everyone was seated, silent, and had their eyes up front. It took a crazy long time and a good deal of organization and yelling on Shuri’s part. 
“Sorry, guys, I was reading a book about anti-gravity. It's impossible to put down!” he joked.
Peter was the only one who laughed.
After giving a bit of a lecture on respect for their instructors, valuing their education, and how much they were going to love English this year, he let them go early. 
“Okay, I’m calling you three Alvin, Simon, and Theodore from now on,” Mr. Stark addressed his small Mathlete gathering, “Our new mascot is a chipmunk, I don’t care that all our other teams are Rocket Raccoons.” 
“Which one of us is Alvin?” Shuri asked.
“Since you asked, you are. Fancy-Pen is Simon and Proton is Theodore. Now, we have a competition to prepare for in… ages from now, so… drill, I guess? I don’t know. Who wants to do Euclidean algorithms?” 
Three hands went up. 
“Nice,” he brought out his expensive Japanese chalk, a gift from his wife, the well-known Fortune 500 CEO, Pepper Potts.
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theinsideoutmermaid · 5 years
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Chapter 2: Nakia
Marvel high school AU
Words: 2467
***
The second hand of the clock had never moved slower, and Nakia’s foot had never tapped faster. She stared at the offending hand, willing it to throw off the soporific influence of 8th period AP Spanish. It wasn’t that Mr. Coulson was a bad teacher, exactly; he was just kind of bland and anyway, getting through any eighth period class when you had something exciting after school was like trying to swim through molasses. A lifetime ago, there had been two minutes left in class. Now there were thirty seconds. Nakia tuned out Coulson’s re-explanation of cláusulas con si and bounced her leg ever faster.
“Now remember, everyone: hubiera goes with habr—” Thankfully, the blaring end-of-school bell drowned out the rest of his sentence. Nakia sprang up, throwing her bag over her shoulder. She was the first student out the door of X108.
Weaving skillfully through the hordes of students filling the halls, Nakia forced herself to take several deep breaths. Her fingers still tapped a swift rhythm on the strap of her bag, but her mind felt a little less cluttered. It’s going to be okay, she told herself. Nakia paused in front of one of the hall bulletin boards while the sea of students continued to surge around her. There it was: her flyer.
She had put them up a week and a half ago, and she knew every word by heart, but she reread it anyway. Yep, all the right information. Today was supposed to be the easy part, the part where everything was out of her hands and she just had to wait and see who showed up. The hard part, technically, was planning out initial activities and asking the notoriously intimidating Ms. Carter to be the staff sponsor. Nakia had been only a little scared to approach Ms. Carter. She had had her for AP US History last year, and the teacher liked her and was also a fierce advocate for human rights. So, no, that actually wasn’t too hard. The real nerves came from awaiting the student response. LHS students were generally nice kids but also shockingly ignorant and complacent. They were good about supporting local charities and food pantries, and pretty much nothing beyond that. And that’s what I’m going to change, thought Nakia as she arrived at the door of Q124. She straightened her colorful skirt and headwrap and then marched inside.
So far the only inhabitants of the room were Ms. Carter, impeccably dressed as ever in a pantsuit, and Pepper Potts, president of the Student Council and Nakia’s best friend. Pep turned at the sound of the door opening, ginger ponytail swishing with the motion, and she grinned when she saw Nakia.
“Thanks for coming, Pep,” said Nakia, slinging her bag onto a nearby desk.
“Wouldn’t miss it for the world.” In one look, Pepper seemed to discern everything that was going on in Nakia’s head. “And I’m positive that it won’t just be me. I heard Steve Rogers convincing the rest of the Boy Scout Bunch to come during lunch. And where Steve goes, Bucky Barnes follows, so you’re guaranteed at least two other members.”
“Rogers, huh? I guess this is the sort of upstanding thing that he would do,” Nakia said, feeling a little bit pleased.
“I always thought Steve was like a cartoon,” mused Ms. Carter, a smile playing on her ruby-red lips. “Not in a bad way, of course, he’s a wonderful kid. It’s just that he’s so all-American that you almost think he’s made up. Top it off with that hair and those eyes—”
“--And you’ve got a boy straight from a World War Two recruitment poster. I know exactly what you mean,” said Pepper, laughing. “I went to elementary school with him, and he was like eighty years old even then. He called all the teachers ‘sir’ and ‘ma’am’ and always looked so solemn.”
“He sat next to me in English sophomore year. He’s nice,” said Nakia. And cute, mouthed Pep. Nakia rolled her eyes.
Changing the subject, Nakia said, “I made a Powerpoint for today. Is it okay if I pull it up on your computer, Ms. Carter?” As Nakia logged into her account, the door banged open, letting in a small stream of students led by — Thor Odinson? No way. There was no way that Thor Odinson, the blond giant, the boisterous partygoer, He of the Bajillion Varsity Letters, was joining her Human Rights Club. And yet, there he was, dwarfing the tiny desk chair he had chosen as a perch. Following him were Steve and Bucky, plus Sam Wilson and Rhodey, rounding out the Boy Scout Bunch. Pepper chatted them up immediately, because she was a master of small talk that didn’t feel like small talk, and Nakia was left to her thoughts. Her thoughts were as such: Wild. Maybe she should have brought snacks.
She glanced at the clock. It was 3:25, ten minutes after school ended, so it was probably about time to start the presentation.
“Hi everyone,” she yelled, which was necessary because Thor spoke at volume level 30 at all times. They quieted and turned to look at her. “Hi. Um. I’d like to thank you all for coming to the first meeting of Human Rights Club. I wanted to start off today’s meeting with a presentation showing some of what we’re—”
But the door flew open again, and Nakia stopped her speech to look.
“Hi. . .” Standing in the doorway was T’Challa. He was smiling at her in a weird frozen way, and he hadn’t moved out of the doorway.
“Hi?”
“Oh!” He blinked and seemed to realize what he was doing. “I’m sorry to interrupt, but I had to tell my coach that I was going to be late to practice, but I guess that made me late coming here, so. . . my bad.”
Nakia reassured him that he was fine. “We hadn’t really started yet. Please, take a seat,” she said, gesturing to the assembled desks and trying to ignore Pep, who was clearly trying to communicate something through intense eye contact.
“So anyway, I made this presentation to show some of what we’re up against as a Human Rights Club, and what we are obliged to do as citizens of the world.” She clicked the remote. “This is a picture of a mother and her child. The woman is crying because her husband, a fourteen-year resident of the US and well-respected employee at the local grocery store, has just been deported to Mexico. He was the breadwinner in her family, and with no other relatives in America, she has no way to either support her son or take care of him during the day while she works. Her name is Maria. There are hundreds, thousands of other Marias, dreamers in America who work hard and yet have their dreams stripped away.” Nakia could feel the power building in her voice. This was what she knew. This was what she was passionate about. This was her mission. By the end of the Powerpoint, her small audience was looking subdued and concerned.
“Well. I can see that I’ve made an impact on you. I need you guys to take that energy that you’re feeling and put it to good use. The world may look bleak, but there are so many good people in it, and so much we can do to help. I want Human Rights Club to have three main tasks: education, fundraising, and volunteering. Educating others is just as important as taking action ourselves.Yeah, Pep?”
Pepper, who had been raising her hand, cleared her throat. “I thought we might include one or two foreign or global organizations when we vote for The Drive this year. We’ve always chosen local ones before, and that seems so. . . small-minded now.”
“That’s really great, Pep!” The Drive was the school’s massive annual charity fundraiser, led by Student Council — and therefore, by Pepper, the president. The whole community got involved. Last year they had raised upwards of $200,000. “That kind of support for one of our charities would be. . . incredible.The only problem would be getting the student body to vote for it.”
“You need a good video,” said Rhodey, speaking up for the first time. “I’m pretty good at editing. Sam’s in my film class, too.”
“Show it in homeroom before the vote,” suggested Sam.
“I would vote for it,” said Thor.
Nakia smiled. “Thank you, Thor.”
“I think all you’d have to do is say you voted for it, and then we’ve got the rest of the football team in the bag,” said T’Challa, grinning. “Those people listen to you.”
“And you,” muttered Bucky. “What? It’s true. People like you. And Pepper. They’ll do it if you do.”
“Well, as StuCo president I can’t exactly show any bias, but I’m sure you boys can work some magic,” Pepper said.
“Do people even vote for these things?” interjected Sam. “I mean, I’ve never done those stupid surveys — sorry, I guess,” he said, shrugging at Pepper. “Kinda didn’t care because we’d be end up doing something nice or good or whatever no matter what I voted. Lotta people feel the same way, I’m pretty sure. Sorry. Again.” Pepper continued to look a little crestfallen.
“Well, that’s not right, is it?” said Steve, speaking up for the first time. “The Drive is supposed to be democratic. It’s supposed to represent a cause that we, as a school, feel passionate about. It just doesn’t work— it’s not authentic if people don’t put in their due effort.”
“Chill out, bro, this isn’t the United Nations.”
Ms. Carter, until this point, had been observing the proceedings with a small smile. “No, indeed, Sam, but I think Steve has a point. Let me just say this, at the risk of sounding pretentious or overly dramatic: At this point in time, our country is suffering from negligent and honestly rather lazy citizens. People say they don’t like the direction our country is headed, they don’t like the immigration policy or the trickle-down policies or what have you, but they refuse to do anything about it. I was shocked at how many of my own colleagues didn’t even vote in the last election. The students here do have opinions about causes, but are content to let that be it. There’s a general belief that regular people are powerless. It’s important to teach them — you — that your actions can be impactful. So Steve is right: we need teach students to contribute now in order for them to continue contributing in the future,” finished Ms. Carter.
“Why not do it on paper instead of on the computers?” suggested Thor. “Homeroom teachers can pass out slips to everyone and collect them at the end.”
Pepper chewed on her bottom lip thoughtfully. “I think that’s a good idea, actually. It’s easier to hold people accountable.”
“I guess I would feel bad handing in a blank slip,” admitted Sam. “It could work.”
“Well,” said Nakia. It was now 4:12, and she had planned to only go until 4:15. “This has been a really great first meeting. I want to thank you all again for coming. Honestly, this was a much better turnout than I could have hoped for, and you guys have some great ideas that make me really excited for the rest of the year! Pep, when’s the vote scheduled?”
“In two weeks.”
“That might cut it a little tight, but I think we can do it. We’ll choose our organizations next week, and then Rhodey and Sam — can I count on you for the video?” They nodded assent. “Awesome. Thor and T’Challa will be our promoters. Okay! See you next week everyone, and thanks again.”
Pepper stayed behind with Nakia while the boys filed out of the room. “Nice job, babe,” she said with a smile.
“Thanks,” replied Nakia, feeling a matching grin tugging at her lips, “and thank you Ms. Carter for sponsoring us.”
“It was my pleasure, Nakia,” said Ms. Carter, as she slid her purse onto her shoulder. “I think you have something amazing in the works.”
It was with a new spring in her step that Nakia followed Pepper to the parking lot. On the way, they discussed possible organizations, the logistics of a paper ballot — Nakia was also on Student Council — and the surreality of having Thor Odinson in her humble club. Pepper glanced up and stopped suddenly. Laying a hand on Nakia’s arm, she said, “You know what, I just realized I forgot something in my locker.”
“Do you want me to wait for you?”
“No, go on ahead. See you tomorrow, love you!” Her voice was suspiciously bright.
“Bye,” Nakia called after her, watching the perfectly curled ponytail shrink into the distance. There has to be something up with h— oh, there we go. On one of the benches next to the front door was T’Challa, and he was staring right at her. There was no way to pretend she hadn’t seen him, so Nakia hitched an awkward smile of greeting onto her face and continued on her way to the parking lot.
“Nakia!” he said, standing up at her approach. She took a deep breath and stopped, wheeling around to face him. He’s really handsome, said the voice in her head that belonged to Pepper. Dammit, said the voice in her head that was her own. T’Challa had started to speak: “I, um, I just wanted to say that your presentation today was really. . . impressive. I had no idea you know so much about all that stuff, and it’s really cool how much you care. It shows.   And. . . it makes you. . . I think you looked really strong up there.” His face softened into a charmingly shy smile. Flustered, Nakia’s fingers flew to tug the edge of her headwrap. Her face was too hot.
“Thanks. . . um. . . I really have to go do, uh, homework now, so ummmm. . . see you next week, I guess,” she stuttered, and she fled from the lobby into the parking lot. Safely in her car, Nakia buried her face in her hands for a moment, then scrounged in her backpack for her phone. She pulled up her text thread with Pep.
Nakia: PEP CALL ASAP WHEN YOU GET HOME I AM THE MOST EMBARRASSING HUMAN BEING ALIVE
Pepper: ;) ;) ;)
Nakia: dont wink at me you witch
Nakia: I just ruined my life
Pepper: :D
Pepper: babe he liiiikes youuuuu
Pepper: but ok we’ll save it for facetime. u gotta tell me Everything tho.
Nakia: there isnt that much to tell but ok i promise. God im so pathetic.
Pepper: not too pathetic for TCHALLA the KING to have a CRUSH ON YOU
Nakia: stOP!!
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bestfriends-0212 · 5 years
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Trust me! Ch.1
- Y/N pov first day of freshman year
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My alarm went off I shot up looking around crazy. Ugh the first day of school, I got up and got ready. I decided to keep it simple and not too flashy. I was looking around for my backpack when I heard a knock on the front door. I ran towards it and opened it to see Riley standing there looking pretty as always.
 "Hey Riles help me find my bag, " I said pulling her into a hug
 " of course, " she said chuckling a bit.
 We searched the whole apartment and found nothing. I groaned falling onto my couch.
 " how do you lose your bag on the first day of school " Riley asked falling next to me " I'm not even sure " I replied closing my eyes "come on we got to find your bag before Maya gets here " she said pulling me up " check your room again I'll check the living room " she said I nodded I went to my room and started looking . I looked under my bed and saw one of my heels
I thought I lost. I looked in my closet and saw nothing from the ordinary. I sighed where is it. I heard a knock
 " welp Maya is here and I don't have my bag, " I said walking to the living room. Riley opened the door to reveal Maya and my bag. 
" how ?" We both said
 " you left it at my house last night you just left and forgot to grab it, " she said handing it to me. 
" thank you for bringing it for me "
 " no problem ." She said giving us a hug.
 " Y'all ready for freshman year? " I asked closing and locking the door. We walked to Riley apartment
 " NOO" yelled Matthews once we stepped in
. " good morning, " I said chuckling a bit.
 " IM NOT READY FOR MY THREE GIRLS GOING TO HIGH SCHOOL "
 " there-there it's going to be okay, " said Auggie patting his back. 
" Auggie " I yelled he ran towards me and jumped into my arms. I sprung him around till we both got dizzy and fell on the couch 
" girls breakfast, " said Mrs. Matthews 
" not hungry " Maya and I said
 " didn't ask, eat now " we sat down and ate breakfast
 " y/n where's your dad now ?" Asked Riley " not sure he was already gone last night I'm sure he'll let me know throughout the day ." I said shrugging " oh honey he's doing this for you, " said Mrs. Matthews " I know it just sucks " " it does " agreed Maya I gave her a small smile . We have had this conversation before and we both have gotten fairly emotional about this topic. "Well it's time to go, " said Mr. Matthews we all said goodbye. The girls and I took the subway while Mr.Matthews drove. I couldn't help but think life and how's it's changing. We arrived at school and went to go pick up our schedules. We were just standing in line when we heard some girls talking.
" Y'all heard there are two new students " 
" oh yeah? Boy or girl ?"
 "Boys both of them ."
 " did you hear that " asked Riley l nodded 
" so interesting, " I said rolling my eyes Maya laughed
 " come on they could change our lives who knows, " said Riley with hope in her eyes which I haven't seen in a while so I just agreed with her "you are right Riley who knows what can happen" we grabbed our schedules and locker information. We had history, chemistry, a gym and a free period together. I had Ap language arts and AP calculus. I knew I'll be with Farkle for those classes. Our lockers were in the same hallway so we weren't that far. My first class was AP calculus I said bye to the girls and walked to it. I sat in the middle row took out what I knew I would need.
I saw Farkle walk in, I sighed I miss him but he just doesn't understand. He sat next to me. "Hey y/n " I just ignored him " I don't know what I did for you to hate me, " he said with his voice cracking a bit " you abandoned us. We went through hell and back you weren't there for us Farkle" I said quietly trying not to get emotional. " I'm sorry " I nodded I can't forgive him. The rest of the class went by fast. The bell rang I shot out and left like I was flash.
The girls and I have a free period so we were going to meet at the library and just chill there. I was at my locker putting some of my books away and grabbing the clothes I needed for gym later. I closed my locker and started walking towards the library.
This cute tallboy comes to me and as soon he speaks his voice is like an angel. When I realized what he asked I told him no as fast as I could and ran to the library. Riley and Maya came up to me
 " something happened ?" They asked worried 
" no, " I said softly
 "then why did you run ?"
 "It's nothing " I mumbled
 "it's something you look like you saw a ghost, " said Riley 
"Guys it was nothing okay just drop it " they both shrugged
 " can't you believe that my dad is going to teach us history again ?" Asked Riley I chuckled a bit
 " yeah riles I do he's been teaching us since middle school "
 " Yeah, we are stuck with him till senior year," Maya added in while starting to draw
 " Preach it, sister, " I said while laughing, they started laughing too.
 " did Farkle tried to talk to y'all this morning ?" I asked getting serious they nodded their head yes 
" I miss him " Riley replied sadly
 " I know me too but he kind of abandoned us for his grades," Maya said numbly
 " he wasn't there for us when we needed it, we were drowning, screaming for help and he still didn't notice. We only have each other " I said sadly
Don't get me wrong I do miss my little genius. He was our best friend since first grade but he always put his intelligence before anything. When we needed him the most he wasn't there. When we were in our darkest times he didn't notice, when we were drowning gasping for air he didn't save us. We saved each other. He never knew what happened and he probably won't know either. I don't like holding grudges but how could you say you are our best friend but wasn't there when we needed you the most. When Riley finally realized that the world isn't as great as she thought it was. When Maya finally broke down and went into a dark place. When I got my heart broken into tiny pieces and was made a huge fool out of. When the three of us were robbed at gunpoint going home after our extra activities were done. When our world did a full 360 and he wasn't even there to tell us we were going to be okay. He was too busy getting straight A's. Don't get me wrong I love that about him cause I do believe in him and his dream of world domination but there's more in life than that. He didn't stay up at night with Maya full-on crying in my bay window asking why was she broken while swallowing your own tears telling her she wasn't because she's a great girl. He didn't stay with us when we had nightmares of the robbery because we feared our lives being taken away from us. He wasn't there and I don't think I can forgive him for that. 
" earth to y/n !" Whispered Maya in my ear making me jump
 " sorry what ?" I responded slyly
 "dinner my place ?" Questioned Riley
 " always plus my dad is in Washington for the month so your parents have to sign my syllabus, " I said laughing at the end,
 " I think mom is making spaghetti, " Riley said while closing her book
 " yum, " Maya and I said laughing the bell rang telling us that free period was over and history is next. Thank god I have them in there. I grabbed my bag throwing it on my shoulder
 " can this day hurry up so I can sleep, " I said turning around to see the guy from earlier staring at me while his friend waved in front of his face, I couldn't help but giggle. I heard two gasps from behind me and that's when I knew I messed up.
 " did I just hear a giggle from Miss. Always Serious " mocked Maya,
 " I think we just heard the famous giggle from our lovely best friend, " said Riley a little too loud for my liking from the Corner of my eye I saw the guy smirking. Damn it, Riley .
 "Nope y'all hearing things let's go to history now please, " I said pushing them out the library.
 "No we know what we heard and it was a giggle, " said Maya
 " we haven't heard that giggle in a year y/ n. It's a good thing. You can't keep hiding your emotions in. Remember what happens when you do that " she said sternly I groaned
 " Riley that was one time please don't remind me about that day. " I murmured quickly I really didn't like talking about that day. I exploded on everybody even my dad and told him that I hated him.  Which lead me to have a panic attack it wasn't a great day.
 "Sorry but still don't hide your emotions it's bad for you, " she said pulling me in a hug.
 "Moving on my tall plant we are about to be late and I don't think your dad will like that one bit "
 "oh he'll have a fit, " said Maya laughing 
" oh yeah he would that'll be funny can we be late I want him freaking out on the first day of school, " I said laughing evilly
 " see I love this y/n the one who likes doing bad things, " said Maya returning the evil laugh.
 " I hate it when Y'all do that. Now let's go we have a minute till the bell rings and we have to walk all the way to the other side. " Riley said.
 "We are going on a trip on our favorite rocket ship, Zooming through the sky, Little Einsteins. " I sang randomly
 "the hell was that, " Maya asked laughing
 " I have no idea, " I said bursting out laughing, Riley was laughing as well. We looked like a mess laughing in the middle of an empty hallway. We were definitely late oh Matthews is going to kill us. Once we got in front of the door, Riley looked at us scared
 " who's going on first ?" She asked 
I opened the door
 " sorry, we late Matthews, " I said walking in not really caring.
 " -am from Texas " I heard a voice that doesn't belong to Matthew. Oh fuck I just ruined someone introduction. I looked at the girls and they were laughing quietly. Little fuckers. 
"Ah glad you ladies could make it to class, " said Mr.Matthews 
I turned around and was met with the guy from earlier right in front of me looking straight in my eyes. Wow, he has some pretty eyes. Dang, I could swim in that water. Snap out of it y/n.
 "Please take a seat we will have a talk about this later, " Mr. Matthews said 
" yes sir " I replied while turning around for a seat
 " and don't you dare sit in the back miss y/l/ n " 
" yes sir, " I said rolling my eyes. I sat in the middle row, Maya sat in front me and Riley sat next to her.
 " you can continue your introduction Mr.friar. "
 "right uh I'm from Texas and I move a lot because of my dad's job. I like to uh play sports " he said stuttering a bit aww he's nervous that's cute.
 "Thank you, Mr.Friar, you can sit next to miss Y/LN, " Matthews said 
I gave him a what the fuck look. He just winked at me. What is trying to do play Cupid? I don't need him meddling in my love life. I glared at him. I just notice Farkle is sitting in front of Riley and he was smiling at her. God, I ship them so hard but he had to ruin it. I also notice that guy friend is in front of Maya. Friar finally sat down. Mr. Matthews gave everybody a sheet with questions about what we should know from middle school. I was about to start it when a note landing on my desk. Sighing I opened it.
 Hi :) 
I rolled my eyes what is this 6th grade I looked at friar cause I have a feeling it's him. He was already staring once he notices I was looking at him he smiled and waved. What a dork. I decided to reply what's the worst that can happen.
 Hello there :P
 I threw it back at him. I answered a few questions when the note landed on my desk again. Damn boy, did you write a paragraph? 
Thank you for running away from me earlier. It was a great welcoming gesture. I felt like home. I'll also like to thank you for interrupting my introduction.
 I couldn't help but chuckle.
 No problem I'm here all week free of charge. Welcome to Abigail Adams. ;P  
I threw it at him and it hit his face. I burst out laughing. 
" is there something funny miss .Y/l/N, " Mr. Matthews asked I tried to stop laughing but his face was so priceless and I kept replaying it in my head. Maya and Riley turned around with an amused expression. Which made me laugh harder I looked at the guy next to me and he had a small smirk.
 "Do you need to step outside? " asked Mr. Matthews I shook my head no. "Then get it together " I nodded finally stopping from laughing. I finished the sheet when the note landed again. 
Seriously out of all the places you could have thrown it at you hit it my face. Like seriously do you have bad aim. 
I smirked at him
 I'm sorrryyy my bad.
 This time when I got up I put it on his desk and gave Matthews the class work. "Behave " he whispered sternly. "I am"I whispered he shook his head. I went and sat back down I notice that the note was already there. I smirked at him.
 I'll have you know I play softball so I have great aim.
 Our conversation continued I found out he plays baseball, basketball, and football. I told him I do gymnastics and cheerleading. He said not to let his best friend hear about that cause he's obsessed with cheerleaders. He reintroduced himself and asked for my name. I told him I like to keep my name mystery for now. Before he can respond, the bell rang. The rest of the day went by like a blink of an eye. After walking home with the girls I went home to shower and sleep before going to Riles for dinner. My nap was cut short when I was woken by the FaceTime ringtone. I saw it was my dad . " hey daddy" I said happily " hey sweetheart how was your first day of high school " he asked I couldn't help but to smile he always cares about me even when he's tired . " it was good shocking news Mr.Matthews is my history teacher again. " we both laughed . "That's good darling listen I have to tell you I won't be home for a couple of months... I know that it's a lot but we need the money I need to make sure you get to college, " he said I felt like my heart was just ripped out of me. He usually gone for a few weeks tops never months. "Honey ?" I just hanged up and put my phone in do not disturb. I locked my bay window and the front door. I can feel myself starting to cry, I miss my dad I wish he was here right now but he wasn't he was in Washington for a couple months. Next thing I knew I just broke down sobbing holding my pillow as if it was my only hope. I just let everything out until darkness took over me. 
-End of y/n pov-
Feedback is welcomed!-Kat
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every1studio · 6 years
Text
REQUESTED: “in the arms of a father” [stray kids: changbin]
genre: FLUFF
ficstyle: timeline + bulletpoints
anon asked: “ so I absolutely LOVE your writing. it’s so good omg I live for it. and in the arms of a father with Jisung I wanted to ask if you could do the same but only with Changbin or Chan? it’s your choice, thank you!:
note: Chan would be absolutely perfect for this but I wanted to write for my boy, Changbin / I’ll write this for Chan on MONDAY because I will be MIA from Thursday til Sunday
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[NEW-BORN]
leading up to the day that you would give birth to your beautiful son
Changbin ensured you that you he knew what he had to do when your water broke
but when the time came
“Y/N WHERE’S THE KEYS”
“IT’S IN YOUR HAND..CHANGBIN I SWEAR TO-”
“OKOKOKOKOK I KNOW WHAT AM DOING NOW!”
when your son was placed into your arms 
Changbin just looked at the view of his wife and his son from afar
“Binnie... you should hold him too..”
“I don’t know how... I don’t want to hurt him..”
you ushered him to come over and hold onto your guys’ son
once he had a hold of your son, he looked like he wasn’t going to let go anytime soon
“oh yeah.. babe.. what are we going to name him?”
“Changpil..”
you glared at him, “excuse me sir.. I think I was the one that you married.. you’re still using your ship name with Felix?”
“can we name him Felix Jr then?”
you shrugged, ”I’m okay with that”
[2ND KID]
Felix Jr, who was 1 and a half, was pouting; Changbin was waiting outside with your guys’ son as Chan was having his arm ripped out by you
“what’s wrong son?” Changbin asked
“I don’t want a little sister.. I want a brother..”
before he could say anything back, Chan came out of the room
the sleeve on his left flannel was non-existent and he was heavy breathing
“she’s here”
Changbin carried Felix Jr to the room 
he was about to cry because your guys’ daughter really looked like you
Felix Jr climbed onto the bed; mesmerized by his little sister
“what’s her name, mama?”
you smiled as your patted his head
“Channie after your uncle Chan” you spoke softly
Changbin came over to kiss you on the forehead
“what do you think about your sister now, Felix Jr?”
the little boy turns to face you two and leapt forward to hug Channie
“I LOVE HER!”
how could you and Changbin not smile at that?
“Binnie if you smile any wider you’re going to cramp up” Chan jeered from the doorway
“go away..”
[ELEMENTARY SCHOOL]
Changbin was waiting outside the bus stop for the two youngins to come home from school
the other moms that were also waiting for their kids were whispering amongst themselves
“what’s that scary guy doing here?”
“should we call the cops?”
he was about to confront them as nicely as possible
he didn’t want the kids to be known for having a scary dad
you hugged him from behind
“why did you leave me? I told you to wait for me~”
he cupped your cheeks and kissed you on the nose
you smiled at him
“you just couldn’t wait to see them, huh?”
SKRRREE
the bus came to the halt and the first kids to come out were his kids
“PAPA!! MAMA!!!”
your kids jumped into Changbin’s arms as he swung them around
“if you finish all of your dinner tonight, papa will bake with you tonight~” you said
Felix Jr jumped into your arms
“PAPA BAKES BETTER THAN YOU MAMA!!”
you were called out by your son so you pinched his cheeks out of SO much love
“THAT’S RIGHT HE IS!!”
the whole family held hands and walked back to the house
“I wish my husband would do that with me...” the women that were standing out for their kids said with envy
[MIDDLE SCHOOL]
Felix Jr was walking home from the bus stop
he saw Channie being picked on by some older kids
they were older than her but younger than him
Changbin was wondering why his kids were coming late from school so he walked out to see how far you guys were at
“IF I SEE YOU TOUCHING HER OR EVEN TALKING TO HER AGAIN, I’LL BEAT YOUR FACE!!” 
Changbin looked up to see a bunch of little girls scurrying away 
Felix Jr ran up to him with Channie on his back
“THEY WERE BULLYING HER!! THEY PUSHED HER AND HER KNEES ARE ALL BLOODIED!!”
Changbin wanted to find out who’s parents would let their kids do that to HIS kid
but he was so proud of him son for being protective over his little sister
(it felt like it was only yesterday that he said he didn’t want a little sister...)
“what happ- OH MY LORD CHANNIE WHAT HAPPENED TO YOU!!!”
you immediately brought over a first aide kit 
Felix Jr, Channie and Changbin knew how much of a confrontational worry-wort you were..
one time, you were yelling at a kid’s mother at the store because he took the last toy that Felix Jr. asked for, for his birthday and shoved him 
you almost fought the mother if Changbin didn’t pull you away
“she fell on the ground on our way home today...” Felix Jr said
“ye-yeah mama, it’ll be fine...” Channie spoke softly
“see? there’s nothing to worry about-”
“WHAT IF THE GROUND IS INFECTED? WHAT IF WE NEED TO AMPUTATE HER LEGS FROM THE KNEES DOWN? WHAT-?”
Changbin shushed you up with a peck
“she’s a strong girl, y/n.. she’ll be fine.. now who wants a cookie?”
“ME!!” the three of you guys yelled 
[HIGH SCHOOL]
“FELIX YOU BETTER NOT BE TEACHING MY SON HOW TO PULL UP ON THE LADIES!!” Changbin was pull Felix away from his son
“wh-what? I’m doing no such thing.. I’m just spending some quality time with my godson!!”
it was prom season and it was Felix’s Jr last year of high school and Channie had one more year until she finished
“Channie, sweetie, why aren’t you going to prom?” Changbin asked as he pulled his daughter into a hug as she was huddled up on the side of the couch
“I have too much work to do.. scholarships..AP classes... soccer... I don’t have time..” 
he pecked Channie on the head
“is that all?”
she bit the inside of her cheeks
“no one asked me to prom...”
Felix Jr came over
“hey! don’t be discouraged.. we still have 2 weeks until prom.. wait until then okay?”
Changbin cupped his daughter’s face, “yeah.. just give it a little more time..”
little did Channie knew, that Felix Jr’s friend wanted to ask Channie to prom and everyone knew of it except for Channie
“you’re really a daddy’s little girl aren’t you?” Chan said as he stole Channie from Changbin
Changbin pouted as he called for you 
“CHAN STOLE MY DAUGHTER Y/N-AH!!!”
discouraged; he went to go into the kitchen to bake his feelings away
[COLLEGE: SON]
the whole family dropped off Felix Jr off to college 
“dad... you know.. how I told you, I was going to become a lawyer?”
Changbin nods as he ruffles Felix Jr’s hair
“well.. I saw some old clips of you and our uncles being in Stray Kids... you guys were so cool dad! YOU were so cool.. you still are.. I’ve been hiding it from you but.. I want to pursue music just like you..”
Changbin pulls his son into a tight hug
“I’ve always known, but as long as you are happy.. I couldn’t be anymore proud of you my boy”
you pecked your son on the forehead
“don’t hesitate to call home okay?”
Felix Jr nods as he rolls his luggage into his new dorms
he stops and turns around, “DAD CAN YOU SEND ME A BATCH OF COOKIES EVER TERM?”
Changbin nods and gestures Felix Jr into the building 
“dad? are you crying?” Channie asked as she tried to get a closer look at his face
“n-no, it’s hot out so the sweat probably got into my eyes.. YOU’RE DRIVING CHANNIE!”
Changbin ran into the passenger seat to “secretly” wipe away tears
he’s always wanted at least one of his kids to pursue music.. so that it can become a legacy of his family...
[COLLEGE: DAUGHTER]
you and Changbin were at the airport with Channie
she got into Julliard for her piano skills
she was always the one to hide her true intentions until the last moment
everyone thought that she was going to be a soccer player for the nation but she loved music too much
“dad.. if it wasn’t for you.. I wouldn’t have gotten this far..”
Changbin cries a little bit harder this time since he’ll only get to see Channie for summer break.. once a year 
“Channie... all your hard work.. it was all you..” Changbin quivered his lips
she shook her head
“your music career really opened our eyes and ears.. I love you and mom a lot! I’ll try to call as often as I can..”
“BOARDING PLANE TO NEW YORK”
she kissed you and Changbin on the cheek
“goodbye!!”
she turns to leave but Changbin doesn’t let go of her hand
“honey...”
“dad...”
“bu-but...”
you had to forcefully let go of his grip on your daughter
“she’ll always be our little baby.. you need to let her learn how to fly..”
she waved at the both of you one more time before went onto the plane
“I want to call her right now..” Changbin pulled out his phone
“sweetie.. please...”
he pouts; still gripping onto his phone
RI-RING~
Felix Jr was calling you guys
Changbin wipes his tears as he answers the FaceTime call
“MOM, DAD! I MADE IT INTO JULLIARD! I’M TRANSFERRING THERE NEXT WEEK!”
END [masterlist + guidelines]
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Hamilton Goes to High School (EducationNext):
[. . .] Miranda knew how empowering it feels for a young person to create his own artistic project; indeed, that’s how he got his start in musical theater. He wrote three original songs when he was in 8th grade to help teach classmates the content of The Chosen, a novel by Chaim Potok set in 1940s Brooklyn. “My first musical I ever wrote was a class assignment,” Miranda revealed to Arrive magazine.
Hamilton producer Jeffrey Seller himself has a history of bringing Broadway to high school students. He created an educational program for the 1990s musical Rent, his first theatrical success.
And Gilder Lehrman has a long track record of developing history programs that benefit schools. Indeed, two-thirds of the students who take AP U.S. History visit the institute’s web site, and its total traffic jumped to 10 million visitors last year, up from fewer than 2 million two years ago. So when Seller and Miranda’s father, Luis Miranda Jr., visited Gilder Lehrman’s 45th Street office last summer, the institute’s director of education, Tim Bailey, showed them a recent curriculum program he had written called Vietnam in Verse. The lesson plan used poetry and music from the 1960s and ’70s to address the issues of that era. Seller was impressed: “You’re in,” he told Bailey. A partnership was born.
Working through the finances to create the education program was a complicated task. The first hurdle was to get the production to discount all seats for the student matinees. About 1,100 of the Richard Rodgers Theatre’s 1,321 seats cost between $179 and $199 apiece for a performance of Hamilton. The 200 or so center-orchestra seats fetch $849, by far the highest ticket price on Broadway. The play, which nets close to $2 million per week, is sold out until November 2017. The play’s principals agreed to sell the tickets for student matinees for $70, essentially the breakeven price point.
In October 2015, the Rockefeller Foundation put up $1.5 million to pay for Gilder Lehrman to create the curriculum and to subsidize $60 of each student ticket. Students pay the remaining $10 (a “Hamilton”) for each ticket, so they’re invested (except in San Francisco, where students attended for free because of a strict state law that prohibits them from paying for any educational experiences).
“Works like this don’t come around very often, and when they do we must make every effort to maximize their reach,” says Judith Rodin, former president of the Rockefeller Foundation. “Here’s a story that talks about American history and the ideals of American democracy . . . in a vernacular that speaks to young people, written by a product of New York public education,” Rodin told the New York Times. “Could there possibly be a better combination in terms of speaking to students?”
In June 2016 the foundation upped its commitment to $6 million to fund year two of EduHam in New York City and extend it to Chicago and the touring company.
[. . .]
The Curriculum
When Gilder Lehrman’s Tim Bailey started working on the Hamilton Project in late 2015, he knew he wanted to have students deal directly with primary sources. Gilder Lehrman owns 60,000 documents from American history, and Bailey recognized the value of reading and responding to these original materials. Secondary sources that merely summarize such documents and the events behind them tend to simplify the subject and rob students of the opportunity to analyze and interpret them for themselves. And the Common Core State Standards call for increased use of primary documents. But Bailey knew that asking students to read documents written more than 200 years ago could prompt lots of eye rolling.
Gilder Lehrman’s Basker puts it more succinctly: teaching the founding of the country can be the “castor oil of education,” he quips.
Bailey says that to capture kids’ interest in primary materials, “We have to teach the students the skills to unlock those sources. We provide enough structure so that students won’t freak out.”
[. . .]
Multimedia Materials
While Bailey worked on the classroom materials, colleagues set up a private Web portal where students could see excerpts from five songs performed during the show. The play’s creators insisted on limiting how much of the piece they would expose, for fear of diluting the play’s potential earnings on tour. Still, says Bailey, “We have amazing access to the show. It’s unprecedented.”
On the web site, students can view nine video interviews created exclusively for them. The videos feature Miranda explaining how Hamilton was different from other Founding Fathers, Chernow discussing the artistic license used in nonfiction writing, and actors reading from original documents of the period.
In one video, Miranda holds an actual love letter from Hamilton to his future wife Eliza and reads: “You not only employ my mind all day; but you intrude upon my sleep. I meet you in every dream and when I wake, I cannot close my eyes again for ruminating on your sweetness.” He looks up and tells students, “This puts whatever R&B song you’re listening to right now to shame.”
The web site also features information on 30 different historical figures, ranging from Martha Washington to Hercules Mulligan, the tailor who used his access to British troops to spy for the patriots. The site highlights 14 key events from the era, as well as 20-plus documents, including The Federalist Papers and Thomas Paine’s Common Sense.
While EduHam’s materials are robust, the program requires only two to three class periods to complete, Bailey says. Most of the student work, such as the suggested three hours of rehearsal, takes place outside the classroom. The program includes an 11-page teacher guide that discusses objectives, procedures, and the four Common Core standards the lessons align with. There is also a rubric to guide teachers in assessing student work.
Students are given wide latitude as to what, and how, they perform in EduHam. They can present a rap, song, poem, monologue, or scene. And while their performance must represent the Revolutionary War era, they can choose from key people, events, or documents, even if they aren’t in the play. During the November 2016 performances, one group of students compared the struggle between America and Britain to the Crips–Bloods gang battles in California. Students’ reactions were so enthusiastic it was hard to hear the end of the performance. One girl recited poetry about the African American poet Phillis Wheatley, who isn’t in the play, and another reworked the rapper Drake’s piece “5AM in Toronto” to depict the Boston Massacre.
[. . .]
Including Controversy
Of course, not all the drama around Hamilton has occurred onstage. At a performance in late November 2016, the cast addressed Vice President Elect Mike Pence, who was in the audience.
Actor Brandon Victor Dixon, who played Aaron Burr in that performance, told Pence: “We, sir, are the diverse America who are alarmed and anxious that your new administration will not protect us, our planet, our children, our parents, or defend us and uphold our inalienable rights. We truly hope that this show has inspired you to uphold our American values and to work on behalf of all of us.”
Miranda, who is prolific on Twitter, is not shy about trumpeting his political views, which lean decisively to the left.
When asked if this controversy would make schools less likely to use the play as a learning tool, Lawrence Paska says: “That’s going to depend on local school curriculum choices and planning. Some teachers and schools may use recent events as a way to highlight the intersection of history, art, and current events. Others may choose not to use works like Hamilton because they want to focus on historical events and not on recent activism.”
[. . .]
As Miranda tells students when they come to see the play, the big question is, “What kind of world do we want to create? It’s no less than that. What kind of world are you going to create when you grow up?”
amazing in-depth article on the #eduham program -- read the full piece!
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aaronaknightca · 6 years
Text
156 | How To Invest In Your Wireless Career with Ferney Muñoz
In This Episode:
Keith kicks things off with introducing us to another page of the Wireless LAN Professionals Custom Field Notebook. This is the page that contains 3 resources:
dBm to milliwatt conversion chart
State Machine – great for explaining concepts visually for clients
Frame control field chart
Ferney Muñoz talks about what investing in himself as a Wireless LAN Professional means to him. He also shares a couple of his favorite tools for surveys. No surprise one of those is the Ekahau Sidekick. Another tool he loves, especially for outdoor surveys is a hunter’s range finder.
Time Stamped Transcripts
You can click play on the window below and follow along with the audio. Or if you’d prefer to read the transcripts you can do that too. Want to read them later? Click the download button and save to read later.
Episode 156.mp3
: Wireless LAN Professionals is a place to educate inform encourage and entertain those involved in wireless LANS. This wireless LAN professionals podcast is an audio manifestation of these goals. Our host is a wireless LAN veteran consultant designer and teacher Keith Parsons. And now the podcast for wireless LAN professionals by wireless LAN professionals.
: In this section we’re going to talk about one of the pages from the WLAN Pros Notebook.(https://www.wlanpros.com/shop/notebook/) This is the page that has dBm to milliwatt conversion. One of my favorite things to teach and I have a little thing it’s a five minute to dB the milliwatt conversion (https://www.wlanpros.com/resources/easy-db-math-5-minutes/) it’s a very simple way to go about doing it. And I think anyone who is in this industry should be able to think in your mind very quickly the dB to milliwatt, the milliwat to dB and that should be almost instantaneous going back and forth. But first some of you might be new in the industry haven’t been going long we added this little conversion table right here for you. The tricks we use in dB the milliwatt conversion – things like you know using 3s and 10s. So a 3 on the left side in dB is equal to a 2 two on the right side in “normal math”. Those tricks work really good and very fast to figure out how to do that. Just realize that when you get up to some numbers like if you do double double double double the 2 4 8 16 you get up to 512 or 1024 on this table it shows a thousand. That’s because the difference between the trick using the dB math trick and the actual logarithm are slightly off. So if you if using your tricks and you get a number like 512 and the table shows 500 or you use 500 but 512 is what you’ve been using. They’re still the same. You’re not going to get too confused with that.
: We also added on this page a couple other pieces that I think wLAN pros should know fairly, fairly consistently. And the reason we added them here so when you’re talking with customers sometimes it’s easier to show them a graphic. So the “State Machine” is a graphic that you can go and show and when you’re describing the process of how a client does probe request – probe response, than authentication request then authentication response, then association request, then association response and it gets into the authentication process later.
: You can point back in a show where there’s layer, there’s 802.11 authentication and there’s authentication after 802.11 finishes and how the state machine works. As well as looking at the disassociation and de-authentication showing how far back in the process you go depending on what frame is sent.
: And the third thing we add on this page was the frame control fields, specifically for the “to bit” and “from bit”. These little DS bits are very useful and depending on how they’re set each of the addresses will either be BSSID, the MAC address of the AP, or the station, the source address, the transmitter address, the receiver address, or the destination address. And those are all little table there for you to understand.
: It also shows when you get to the, the only time you use all four of the addresses are if you’re “to bit” and “from bit” are both set to 1. If they’re both set to 1 then you are in bridge mode or a mesh mode.
: Let’s get to know our colleagues and friends with a shared passion for Wi-Fi. It’s time to search WhoIs…
: Ferney welcome to the show amigo. How are you sir?
: I’m doing great. Matthew thank you for having me on the show.
: Of course. It’s been a while since we’ve been face to face.
: Yeah.
: I guess the last time I wasn’t too far long ago. We were moving boxes around. I think.
: That is correct. We were rearranging the Lending Library inventory and all kinds of things. Yes.
: And now you just kind of got back from a whirlwind tour with your family a little different traveling than normal. Tell us about that.
: Well I am usually traveling just for work as you know with CWNE, CWNA classes or Ekahau classes or consulting and this time it was it was just a holiday. Just vacation with my family. I have three kids, 3, 8, and 9 and traveling with kids can be challenging. We went to Europe and everything went well except that I left the passport in a taxicab in Rome and we had no passports a few days but we got emergency passports. But other than that it was very good. Just the same challenges going through airport security and all kind of the hassle channeling. But this time without gear and just relax. So yeah it was definitely.
: A different kind of gear gear for kids.
: Yes yes. Diapers and bottles and milk and yes.
: iPads.
: Yes absolutely.
: For the few that may not know you at all, tell us a little bit about yourself, where you got started in Wi-Fi and what you’re up to, you know you alluded to some training, but what are you up to nowadays?
: Well for those who don’t know me I’m Ferney Munoz they call me Fernie or Prenay or something like that..
: Or “hey you!”
: Hey you. But Ferney works. I’m originally from Colombia and I moved to the States back in 99. March of 1999 and started working at a school district in high school as a volunteer doing all that technology stuff. I start with technology many years before that in Colombia and here I started working directly with networks and then later I owned the network for the District – a big network. Of course in about 2001 or so we were working just with mostly wired networks
: school districts..
: School district yes. Started seeing some of the wireless stuff come into play and then later on about 2009 we started a new district. That district split off of a big district. It was about a hundred schools before the Salt Lake Valley area. The Jordan School Districts split and from there Canyons School District was born and then we own that network. We started implementing wireless like big time. Removing all of the standalone a 802.11b,g devices and getting rid of difficult to manage. Basically home devices were installed in the district before. And now we were finally working on an enterprise class network. So I was thrown in the Wi-Fi arena as many of us were. Where we were on wired networks and one day someone said, “Hey, you know we have this new wireless thing that needs to be installed or configured.” And all of the sudden they made us wireless professionals without us knowing what that meant.
: We started installing Xirrus those big flying saucer looking arrays. They were not called access points – arrays. Multiple radios and all kinds of challenges with the wireless. Of course we have 50 buildings about 40000 students and some 4000 employees and we have to provide Wi-Fi for everybody. And in a school district is a very dynamic environment. Everybody is – teachers trying to add curriculum and cool devices to their curriculum. And trying to rely on Wi-Fi and many just bringing Apple TVs and many home devices that they want to implement in the enterprise environment. And it all came at once.
: You got thrown in the deep end and you suddenly we’re a wireless LAN professional.
: Yes. Of course today it’s like,”Well, do you know how to do it?” “Yeah I got Wi-Fi at home.” “So you know Wi-Fi – then you’re in charge now.”
: Now actually we had about 650 of these devices implemented in the network and were in charge of computer making work. Of course we having all kinds of problems and we had issues. The company they sent an engineer and they walked around with a computer and gear and stuff then they gave us a green map at the end. But we still had issues.
: And through that process I just got tired of kind of being held hostage by vendors.
: “Hey what do you go there? Let me do this myself.”.
: We have a big environment, we have budget and we cannot just schedule an engineer to come whenever they can when we need it now. So we like let’s do it ourselves.
: Through that process we met Mr. Keith Parsons. That’s how I met him is that he was hired to come and help us. We worked with a gentlemen Jared Griffiths before and now he kind of met Mr. Parsons and brought him on board and he help us. That’s how I started basically doing Wi-Fi. Before I was just kind of like try and figure it out with my team and finally with Mr. Parsons kind of showed us how to do it ourselves and understand it. And I got some training from Airmagnet and that some CWNA training.
: So you just kind of started jumping in there and learning all you could. Well one of the purposes of this interview and kind of this series of interviews is obviously taking experience from guys who have been in the trenches and sharing that with obviously your peers and your colleagues but also people maybe who are getting started in wireless LAN. And so I was thinking of some questions that might be able to help us with that end in mind. And one of those is “If you could go back to your younger self thinking about when you got started here like in the story, what’s a piece of advice you’d give yourself then that might have helped you avoid some of those headaches along the way?”
: Well you know without a doubt. If I could go back to that first instance said, “Hey you know you’re going to be in charge of these wireless networks.” I would have said “OK. I need training.
: Don’t assume that because it works at home I can do it here in the School District. “Why not?” I mean and everybody has that mentality like “How hard can that be? I mean just plug it in and it works.” That’s one of the problems with Wi-Fi – It works. It always works, it’s just works poorly. We were just putting out fires that we had no idea how to approach. So getting training would’ve definitely made our lives so much better.
: So, right away just say, “OK, I need training just jump in there and do it.”
: Yes, yes. Absolutely. And some companies are proactive because one of my, many of my students have been in class and they are like, “Well I was the cable guy and now the wireless guy left. And now they want me to start doing this but and they send me to get training.” So those are easy to work with because they have nothing – no knowledge. The are starting from scratch. But others like us that were thrown in the field with no knowledge it’s their responsibility.
: We start figuring out how to configure the controllers and how to make this work and how to enable and disable things and we know how to do it but we don’t know why. Or we don’t know if it’s performing like it’s supposed to until something blows up. So definitely training. CWNA is a very good vendor neutral training. Because that’s another thing I found out Matthew, is that a lot of guys that come from Cisco backgrounds they come from Aruba backgrounds and they have all kinds of certifications and training from that vendor. But once you start getting to the basics of the technology – not the brand – is like, “Well this is totally different.”
: So obviously if you have access to those trainings and certifications take them.
: Yes.
: Don’t just stay there.
: Absolutely. Don’t just think that because you’ve got a Cisco certification in wireless you’re a “wireless expert” No, it just it just doesn’t doesn’t end there.
: What’s one thing you think you did right early on as you started in working with Wi-Fi?
: Umm I think it was admitting that I didn’t know anything. I kind of knew, I mean I thought I knew how it works – some basics. Later on when I met Mr. Parsons and we took some like formal training, real training I started realizing that we were doing a lot of things wrong. But I think that the first approach is just kind of being humble and saying, “You know what? I don’t know it”. I think that’s the hardest step. Because of course you’re a professional, you’re in the field, and you’re in charge.
: And you do know a lot probably.
: Yeah and you know I mean a lot of these guys there they have knowledge about servers, they have knowledge about virtualization, they have knowledge about networks, wired networks, switching, routing and a whole bunch… I mean these guys are super smart. But Wi-Fi is just a different monster. It just works differently. And also I’ve come across guys come from the cellular networks. And they also, “of course I know this, I’ve been doing this for many years.” But when you start talking about Wi-Fi is that some things just don’t make sense. “Wait isn’t that how it works in cellular.” Exactly. Wi-Fi is just different.
: And you mentioned CWNE and the whole gamut of those – Is that the certification you recommend for everybody or is there a path you recommend?
: Yeah well for those who are not familiar with CWNP program – starting with CWNA is definitely “the” beginning. If you want to continue walking this path. That’s a certification. You can study on your own. You can take a formal class – CWNA class. and then for the certification you have to go to one of the Pearson VUE testing centers (https://home.pearsonvue.com/) and get certified and you pass then you’re good, that’s your certification.
: Then you there are three other certifications you have to do. The CWSP is the “Security” one. CWAP which is the “Analysis Professional”. And also the CWDP which is the “Design Professional.” They don’t have to be taken in that order. I recommend taking the CWNA then AP, then SP, then DP. Some guys take it out of the way after the Ekahau class because a lot of stuff in there (inaudible). But once you take those four certifications you submit an application to CWNE board. They’re a board to evaluate. You have to do some essays, write some stuff. They will evaluate it and you have to log… I mean the listeners who are not familiar with the program they can just research and find out exactly what they have to do. But that’s definitely the way get it. And once you get approved then you become a CWNE which is like at the expert level. Which by the way it doesn’t make you an expert you just get your certification. And once you’ve gotten there…
: It’s just the beginning as you’ve said I think in the past before. So kind of along this train of thought, what does “investing in yourself as a WLAN professional mean to you? Is it just certifications? When someone says, “You need to invest in yourself as a WLAN pro.” What does that look like?
: For me, in my case, with the school district there are certain limitations and politics involved – policies, “If you are going to go to this conference you have to apply within 30 days. And it can’t be out of state. And the school district is not going to pay for certain things. And it will not pay for others.” So it’s kind of complicated. And one of the challenges I faced when I wanted to attend the first wireless LAN Professionals conference was that I didn’t get the school district to pay for it. Either travel, or attendance, or days off or anything. So investing in myself at that point – I had to make a decision. OK, the conference is $2,000.00. I’m going to have to take a week off that I’m not going to get paid for. This is family vacation days that I could use with them somewhere. Or just go a get – just go to the conference. Paying for all this stuff at that point was a decision we made. And yes, later then it was the certification that the district did pay for the class and then I had to take the exams. I think investing in yourself, for me it was not only making the investments that I have to pay this money from my own pocket. No company is paying for it. Nobody is sponsoring me.
: Although later I got sponsorship from Wireless LAN Professionals. I got a scholarship, to go to the second conference. That’s how I ended up to working out for Wireless LAN Professionals and some of the stuff formed in Ekahau and then just independent contracting. But it was also the effort, it’s just the time you’re putting to it. That’s just an example. The other one was when taking the certification of the exams. I mean, studying for the exams. Investing myself meant that I had to wake up at 4:00 in the morning, study for a couple hours then go to work. Then after work, I had to come home to help with the kids and stuff and study some more. Then my lunch break just grab something that is really quick and study more and study more. So at that point, I was not investing money. I mean, I have already purchased a book and study on my own but it’s just that extra effort when instead of watching a show, you’re sitting down, reading a book and making research to understand the concept. And also, another thing, there is the pain by yourself to go to conference and exams and classes and stuff. That’s when the effort that you have to make to chill this certifications and learn it.
: Its almost like “no one cares about your future more than you, at all”. That’s for you. It sounds what I’m hearing is, there’s this point in time where you make a very clear decision like this is worth whatever it takes.
: Yes. Absolutely. And then on top of that “if”, because I’ve come across many guys that they’re not working for anybody. So you don’t have that playground to learn the actual status. Taking the exam and passing the certifications can be simple for some guys.
: And the exam is based on what I’ve read. And then they have the certification but experience is the biggest because the exam is the exam but the real thing that getting the experience out in the field is the difficult thing if you don’t have an environment. I was lucky enough that we have the whole district. That was my playground but that was my age up that I had to make work efficiently. So I had a real environment.
: What about labs? Investing in lab? I hear Keith talk a lot about that when I got the Lending Library (https://www.wlanpros.com/how-the-lending-library-works/) and those kind of things. Why is that important? And how do you do that?
: Yes, thank you and that’s the next. Thank you for the segue. That’s my next point. If you don’t have an environment to apply the knowledge and real environment, then you have to build the lab and that implies buying some equipment. And yeah, we have the Wireless LAN Pros – Lending Library (https://www.wlanpros.com/product-category/lending-library/) where people can just get like enterprise class equipment that they can play with in configuration and wipe it clean without affecting users. So it is really really necessary to have a lab environment. Now here’s the other thing that’s cool. If you don’t have a real environment, you don’t have the means to get your hands on that enterprise equipment, it’s down here. That’s how a huge investment because I approaches somebody you know on the field. If you’re going to do a survey, can I just shadow you go there with you. And you don’t have to pay me because that’s when there’s…
: There are a lot of people like “yeah, you can come with me.” But they can be company policy so you cannot just bring in somebody have this stood with you. They get heard who’s liable for the company where you’re doing the survey or us doing this. I mean it’s just not as simple as that, but if you come across somebody, “hey, I’m going to do an installation”. Sure! I help fill your cables, I’ll help you mount a piece, or show me and I’ll have to configure in. Just volunteer. Volunteering I think is one of the greatest things that I’ve done throughout my career, not just on Wi-Fi but on networks and computers.
: But again that’s another thing that has to be align right. Because you have to get the right people, the right environment and if you have a day-time job, then you have to make sure you can make it work around your schedule. So that’s not another big investment, but another nice way to obtain them.
: And something that’s worth doing. Worth the sacrifices.
: Absolutely.
: And I know it’s so much easier to just go home and sit down and watch a show or do nothing. Doing nothing is fun. But it’s just sometimes we have to sacrifice.
: On a different kind of angle, I just have some other questions here. What’s a mistake in the industry you see people making on a consistent basis that you wish you could stop from happening?
: Well let’s see.
: You’re teaching a lot. Is there things you’re running into that people just aren’t thinking about?
: Well, I think the first thing that comes to mind is the installing APs, since it’s always one thing that is commonly being done that just doesn’t work that well in Wi-Fi. There are many reasons why there are blogs, lots of blogs out there explains why. That’s a very common problem. Sometimes it’s not because people don’t know that that’s bad. It’s because they are told to put in there. And that’s one of the big mistakes that I see overall in the industries – is that we, as Wi-Fi professionals are been told by engineers and architects and interior designers where and how to monitor access points.
: I wouldn’t say that’s the biggest thing. Because of course, they end up in the hallway there’s a subset of somebody told me to put that. Why? I don’t know. They said put them there because that’s the only way to access. Because they look pretty in there, because they want a blinking lights inside this room or that room or because my code, they cannot have an some areas, industrial areas. I mean, there’s so many things but to summarize that, the biggest mistake is that we are letting others to tell us how to design. And another kind of related to this, is that a lot of deployments are being done without designing, without doing all of the research. Do you know why were so many news during the ancient times they had, they were deployed? They were just installed by somebody because that’s what they said and then there is no design because nobody sat down to figure out why and where. I mean, what type of device? How long you have these? Asked all questions we have to ask when we’re creating a Wireless design.
: Well, it sounds like with this podcast and a lot of the other great podcasts on Wireless LAN and the conferences, were hopefully moving the needle on some of that stuff and educating and encouraging each other and better testing gear, sidekick those kind of things that help prove the need to do things properly.
: Absolutely Yes.
: Alright. Well, what is one project you have been involved with that you’re the most proud of and why?
: Well, there were several which is the network I owned. I worked on other network but this is the biggest one. And I think not the biggest project but one of the project that makes me proud that I had all which I had was some Wireless LAN we had to do for a school. That was a school that was being demolished. That school was crossed the district office and transportation warehouse of the entire school district transportation department and warehousing. They were connected to the school that was being demolished. We got quotes from companies to get another 9 run to that transportation from the district office. And they came to $70000-80000 to run the new fiber cable over there. Because they had to go across the street, and they needed city permits and they need it.
: It was just complicated long and difficult. It was $80,000 and I got that one like $105,000 for that Wireless LAN entire department- Those two buildings and facilities very critical portions of district transportation and it would be warehouses as well. So that was one of the little projects can like wireless works and they saved the district money and we had another.
: Lot of money.
: Yes, a lot of money. We had another similar project where we had to to build a school in between two buildings and with wireless. Thanks for acknowledging Wireless. Have that done fractional cost and the time because basically had to change in the winter and we had to wait for temperature, equipment and the permits and everything. Basically, Wireless is one site that now goes out the other one like within half a day, we had a whole building connected.
: Everyone was shouting: “Ferney! Ferney!”.
: Yeah!
: The flip side that’s the..
: It’s the contractor that wanted to do it.
: Yeah, exactly! They were hunt you and hide out for a while.
: Yeah.
: On the flip side of that, what’s a mistake you’ve made that has really taught you something valuable?
: Oh men! I made so many mistakes not knowing which one could be more significant.
: But oh! And you know what? I think here’s one. Now that you really got. I took at first year CWNA class and the AirMini class on Mr. Parsons. It took me like 4 years to actually get certified. Big mistake! Because you take the classes its four days, five days and you did it from 8 in the morning till 5 in the afternoon. At the end of Friday, your brain is just overwhelmed with Wi-Fi knowledge and you have all that stuffs fresh in the head. Big mistake I made. I’ll take the exam when I’m break. You’ll never gonna be ready. There’s so much tool. It was a big mistake. And then made it to the class again. I’m going to study and then when I’m ready, like never way. So if I could do that one after the first class on the day of the end of class, I shouldn’t have done and take the exam or the morning following that. That was one mistake and that would have saved me a lot of hassle and I would have made my CWNE process each year.
:  A couple couple more questions here. Favorite piece of equipment you’re using these days and why?
: You know without a doubt the sidekick (https://www.wlanpros.com/resources/ekahausidekickreview/) Yeah, it used to be my Air Check. That was pretty useful and I think I still have it. And of course I think every Wireless LAN Professionals should have checking their tool bags. But the sidekick definitely has changed the way in which I do surveying and the analysis on it. So I’ll tell you why? We have doing surveys we have to carry USB hubs, we have cables next to it and we have wireless mix and we have spectrum analyzes and we have two carry 2.4 and 5gig one. So we have all this bunch of little bits and pieces connected to our computers. Which you’ve seen in videos. You know the survey tray. How troublesome that can be just carry around your computer with a whole bunch of little gadgets hanging around the computer. So the sidekick summarizes all that into one piece of equipment. Using that for surveying was really good. We had a big project in the Silicon Valley. We survey like 68 kilometers that’s about 42 miles. We have to survey for multiple days. And with this hiking, I just had a backpack and outside of the backpack is that thing gets really hot one headed inside. And you think you’re using it. On a Segway, say that I used to kind of not to be a friend of the Segway, because like well I can walk, I like walking and I think. But when you’re doing 42 miles, Segway was the way to be my second favorite tool if you asked me.
: Maybe that should be our next bundle.
: Yeah, get a Segway as well and it pays off. And actually they have to buy a Segway. I rented one from one of these. Because nowadays, and pretty much of the world I think well, in major cities and tourist places, they have the Segway tools. So I call on this places and I rented when I was like $100 a day, like $300 a week, I rented for a week but only uses it 3 or 4 days. But I was it and just rented. We do have some special pigments to attach the survey tray and put the computer up and then you still have one cable going from the sidekick to your computer. But it simplifies that. So that’s my favorite tool nowadays.
: Related to that, what’s an unexpected tool in your tool kit that you always go to that? Maybe someone might be surprised to know. Just a little favorite piece of equipment or something that you rely on that maybe is out of the norm of what you normally think of?
: OK. I would say that there are couple. Since I’ve done several of the point to point links out there just connecting buildings wireless and avoiding running cables. One tool that is kind like not expected as you asked, is the rangefinder. It’s like a binocular but it’s just one lens. So how do you call that?. It is just one lens.
: Telescope.
: It is a small ones like the size of a small box and then you look and then they’ll give you the distance. That it’s used for hunters a military also. You look at that spot and then you press a button and we will show you the distance from where you are to that point that you selected and show you the angle of elevation. Like if it’s near five degrees up or down and then you go to the other end and then you end because when you’re doing that point to point connections you need the antennas to be align aiming at the same direction. So they see each other. Of course like if you’re doing a light, you can see the light. But when we’re talking about Wi-Fi, we cannot see these waves in the air. So we have to rely on tools like this tools to give us distances and angles of elevation inclination to aim our antennas right.
: Do you have favorite one? What’s that brand that one you know?
: I don’t really know how to pronounce that. You just go to as like a hunting store and get like a rangefinder- just a one lens device. There are different ones that will show you. There are multiple brands. You just have to find one that fits your budget and that’s what you wanted to do. Some like they want to have goes like 1000 meters. That’s about 300,000 meter and how many well? That’s a kilometer. Like more than half a mile. This is pretty decent for point to point.
: Along with that there is a tool that goes on iPhone. It’s a piece of software that you can also do cool things. It’s called Theodolite. It said T H E O D O L I T E-its just one word. Let me spell that again for you. It’s T-H-E-O-D-O-L-I-T-E.
: I’ll get that in the show notes.
: Get in the show notes and also they are the same application for Android is called DIOPTRA. (D-I-O-P-T-R-A) So those tools will make those type of outdoor installation point to points easier.
: Well, awesome! Ferney, thank you for spending time in answering these questions. If people want to follow you, how can they get in touch with you or keep up with all things?
: The easiest way probably to Twitter @Ferney_munoz add that to show note’s because my name is not easy to understand just in English. It makes sense in Spanish. I have to add that when I go to places to order food that you know was the name? What’s your name John or Fred or something that they’ve don’t asked me. How do you spell that? Ferney_munoz on Twitter. Thats the easiest way. I also use WhatsApp.
: People can reach me out that way as well and that’s my phone number 1 801 618-8712 and WhatsApp is another easy way for people to reach me anywhere.
: Well, thanks again Ferney! And you have a great rest to your week and we will talk soon.
: Thank you Matthew for having me and I appreciate your time also.
: Thanks
: Thank you for joining us for another episode of the Wireless LAN Professionals Podcast. The podcast for Wireless LAN Professionals by Wireless LAN Professionals. Be sure to follow us on Twitter @WirelessLANpros for all the latest news and updates and also connect directly with Keith on Twitter @KeithRParsons. Head over to WWW.WlanPros.Com for this episode show notes as well as the latest in all things Wi-Fi.
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156 | How To Invest In Your Wireless Career with Ferney Muñoz
In This Episode:
Keith kicks things off with introducing us to another page of the Wireless LAN Professionals Custom Field Notebook. This is the page that contains 3 resources:
dBm to milliwatt conversion chart
State Machine – great for explaining concepts visually for clients
Frame control field chart
Ferney Muñoz talks about what investing in himself as a Wireless LAN Professional means to him.
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Episode 156.mp3
: Wireless LAN Professionals is a place to educate inform encourage and entertain those involved in wireless LANS. This wireless LAN professionals podcast is an audio manifestation of these goals. Our host is a wireless LAN veteran consultant designer and teacher Keith Parsons. And now the podcast for wireless LAN professionals by wireless LAN professionals.
: In this section we’re going to talk about one of the pages from the WLAN Pros Notebook.(https://www.wlanpros.com/shop/notebook/) This is the page that has dBm to milliwatt conversion. One of my favorite things to teach and I have a little thing it’s a five minute to dB the milliwatt conversion (https://www.wlanpros.com/resources/easy-db-math-5-minutes/) it’s a very simple way to go about doing it. And I think anyone who is in this industry should be able to think in your mind very quickly the dB to milliwatt, the milliwat to dB and that should be almost instantaneous going back and forth. But first some of you might be new in the industry haven’t been going long we added this little conversion table right here for you. The tricks we use in dB the milliwatt conversion – things like you know using 3s and 10s. So a 3 on the left side in dB is equal to a 2 two on the right side in “normal math”. Those tricks work really good and very fast to figure out how to do that. Just realize that when you get up to some numbers like if you do double double double double the 2 4 8 16 you get up to 512 or 1024 on this table it shows a thousand. That’s because the difference between the trick using the dB math trick and the actual logarithm are slightly off. So if you if using your tricks and you get a number like 512 and the table shows 500 or you use 500 but 512 is what you’ve been using. They’re still the same. You’re not going to get too confused with that.
: We also added on this page a couple other pieces that I think wLAN pros should know fairly, fairly consistently. And the reason we added them here so when you’re talking with customers sometimes it’s easier to show them a graphic. So the “State Machine” is a graphic that you can go and show and when you’re describing the process of how a client does probe request – probe response, than authentication request then authentication response, then association request, then association response and it gets into the authentication process later.
: You can point back in a show where there’s layer, there’s 802.11 authentication and there’s authentication after 802.11 finishes and how the state machine works. As well as looking at the disassociation and de-authentication showing how far back in the process you go depending on what frame is sent.
: And the third thing we add on this page was the frame control fields, specifically for the “to bit” and “from bit”. These little DS bits are very useful and depending on how they’re set each of the addresses will either be BSSID, the MAC address of the AP, or the station, the source address, the transmitter address, the receiver address, or the destination address. And those are all little table there for you to understand.
: It also shows when you get to the, the only time you use all four of the addresses are if you’re “to bit” and “from bit” are both set to 1. If they’re both set to 1 then you are in bridge mode or a mesh mode.
: Let’s get to know our colleagues and friends with a shared passion for Wi-Fi. It’s time to search WhoIs…
: Ferney welcome to the show amigo. How are you sir?
: I’m doing great. Matthew thank you for having me on the show.
: Of course. It’s been a while since we’ve been face to face.
: Yeah.
: I guess the last time I wasn’t too far long ago. We were moving boxes around. I think.
: That is correct. We were rearranging the Lending Library inventory and all kinds of things. Yes.
: And now you just kind of got back from a whirlwind tour with your family a little different traveling than normal. Tell us about that.
: Well I am usually traveling just for work as you know with CWNE, CWNA classes or Ekahau classes or consulting and this time it was it was just a holiday. Just vacation with my family. I have three kids, 3, 8, and 9 and traveling with kids can be challenging. We went to Europe and everything went well except that I left the passport in a taxicab in Rome and we had no passports a few days but we got emergency passports. But other than that it was very good. Just the same challenges going through airport security and all kind of the hassle channeling. But this time without gear and just relax. So yeah it was definitely.
: A different kind of gear gear for kids.
: Yes yes. Diapers and bottles and milk and yes.
: iPads.
: Yes absolutely.
: For the few that may not know you at all, tell us a little bit about yourself, where you got started in Wi-Fi and what you’re up to, you know you alluded to some training, but what are you up to nowadays?
: Well for those who don’t know me I’m Ferney Munoz they call me Fernie or Prenay or something like that..
: Or “hey you!”
: Hey you. But Ferney works. I’m originally from Colombia and I moved to the States back in 99. March of 1999 and started working at a school district in high school as a volunteer doing all that technology stuff. I start with technology many years before that in Colombia and here I started working directly with networks and then later I owned the network for the District – a big network. Of course in about 2001 or so we were working just with mostly wired networks
: school districts..
: School district yes. Started seeing some of the wireless stuff come into play and then later on about 2009 we started a new district. That district split off of a big district. It was about a hundred schools before the Salt Lake Valley area. The Jordan School Districts split and from there Canyons School District was born and then we own that network. We started implementing wireless like big time. Removing all of the standalone a 802.11b,g devices and getting rid of difficult to manage. Basically home devices were installed in the district before. And now we were finally working on an enterprise class network. So I was thrown in the Wi-Fi arena as many of us were. Where we were on wired networks and one day someone said, “Hey, you know we have this new wireless thing that needs to be installed or configured.” And all of the sudden they made us wireless professionals without us knowing what that meant.
: We started installing Xirrus those big flying saucer looking arrays. They were not called access points – arrays. Multiple radios and all kinds of challenges with the wireless. Of course we have 50 buildings about 40000 students and some 4000 employees and we have to provide Wi-Fi for everybody. And in a school district is a very dynamic environment. Everybody is – teachers trying to add curriculum and cool devices to their curriculum. And trying to rely on Wi-Fi and many just bringing Apple TVs and many home devices that they want to implement in the enterprise environment. And it all came at once.
: You got thrown in the deep end and you suddenly we’re a wireless LAN professional.
: Yes. Of course today it’s like,”Well, do you know how to do it?” “Yeah I got Wi-Fi at home.” “So you know Wi-Fi – then you’re in charge now.”
: Now actually we had about 650 of these devices implemented in the network and were in charge of computer making work. Of course we having all kinds of problems and we had issues. The company they sent an engineer and they walked around with a computer and gear and stuff then they gave us a green map at the end. But we still had issues.
: And through that process I just got tired of kind of being held hostage by vendors.
: “Hey what do you go there? Let me do this myself.”.
: We have a big environment, we have budget and we cannot just schedule an engineer to come whenever they can when we need it now. So we like let’s do it ourselves.
: Through that process we met Mr. Keith Parsons. That’s how I met him is that he was hired to come and help us. We worked with a gentlemen Jared Griffiths before and now he kind of met Mr. Parsons and brought him on board and he help us. That’s how I started basically doing Wi-Fi. Before I was just kind of like try and figure it out with my team and finally with Mr. Parsons kind of showed us how to do it ourselves and understand it. And I got some training from Airmagnet and that some CWNA training.
: So you just kind of started jumping in there and learning all you could. Well one of the purposes of this interview and kind of this series of interviews is obviously taking experience from guys who have been in the trenches and sharing that with obviously your peers and your colleagues but also people maybe who are getting started in wireless LAN. And so I was thinking of some questions that might be able to help us with that end in mind. And one of those is “If you could go back to your younger self thinking about when you got started here like in the story, what’s a piece of advice you’d give yourself then that might have helped you avoid some of those headaches along the way?”
: Well you know without a doubt. If I could go back to that first instance said, “Hey you know you’re going to be in charge of these wireless networks.” I would have said “OK. I need training.
: Don’t assume that because it works at home I can do it here in the School District. “Why not?” I mean and everybody has that mentality like “How hard can that be? I mean just plug it in and it works.” That’s one of the problems with Wi-Fi – It works. It always works, it’s just works poorly. We were just putting out fires that we had no idea how to approach. So getting training would’ve definitely made our lives so much better.
: So, right away just say, “OK, I need training just jump in there and do it.”
: Yes, yes. Absolutely. And some companies are proactive because one of my, many of my students have been in class and they are like, “Well I was the cable guy and now the wireless guy left. And now they want me to start doing this but and they send me to get training.” So those are easy to work with because they have nothing – no knowledge. The are starting from scratch. But others like us that were thrown in the field with no knowledge it’s their responsibility.
: We start figuring out how to configure the controllers and how to make this work and how to enable and disable things and we know how to do it but we don’t know why. Or we don’t know if it’s performing like it’s supposed to until something blows up. So definitely training. CWNA is a very good vendor neutral training. Because that’s another thing I found out Matthew, is that a lot of guys that come from Cisco backgrounds they come from Aruba backgrounds and they have all kinds of certifications and training from that vendor. But once you start getting to the basics of the technology – not the brand – is like, “Well this is totally different.”
: So obviously if you have access to those trainings and certifications take them.
: Yes.
: Don’t just stay there.
: Absolutely. Don’t just think that because you’ve got a Cisco certification in wireless you’re a “wireless expert” No, it just it just doesn’t doesn’t end there.
: What’s one thing you think you did right early on as you started in working with Wi-Fi?
: Umm I think it was admitting that I didn’t know anything. I kind of knew, I mean I thought I knew how it works – some basics. Later on when I met Mr. Parsons and we took some like formal training, real training I started realizing that we were doing a lot of things wrong. But I think that the first approach is just kind of being humble and saying, “You know what? I don’t know it”. I think that’s the hardest step. Because of course you’re a professional, you’re in the field, and you’re in charge.
: And you do know a lot probably.
: Yeah and you know I mean a lot of these guys there they have knowledge about servers, they have knowledge about virtualization, they have knowledge about networks, wired networks, switching, routing and a whole bunch… I mean these guys are super smart. But Wi-Fi is just a different monster. It just works differently. And also I’ve come across guys come from the cellular networks. And they also, “of course I know this, I’ve been doing this for many years.” But when you start talking about Wi-Fi is that some things just don’t make sense. “Wait isn’t that how it works in cellular.” Exactly. Wi-Fi is just different.
: And you mentioned CWNE and the whole gamut of those – Is that the certification you recommend for everybody or is there a path you recommend?
: Yeah well for those who are not familiar with CWNP program – starting with CWNA is definitely “the” beginning. If you want to continue walking this path. That’s a certification. You can study on your own. You can take a formal class – CWNA class. and then for the certification you have to go to one of the Pearson VUE testing centers (https://home.pearsonvue.com/) and get certified and you pass then you’re good, that’s your certification.
: Then you there are three other certifications you have to do. The CWSP is the “Security” one. CWAP which is the “Analysis Professional”. And also the CWDP which is the “Design Professional.” They don’t have to be taken in that order. I recommend taking the CWNA then AP, then SP, then DP. Some guys take it out of the way after the Ekahau class because a lot of stuff in there (inaudible). But once you take those four certifications you submit an application to CWNE board. They’re a board to evaluate. You have to do some essays, write some stuff. They will evaluate it and you have to log… I mean the listeners who are not familiar with the program they can just research and find out exactly what they have to do. But that’s definitely the way get it. And once you get approved then you become a CWNE which is like at the expert level. Which by the way it doesn’t make you an expert you just get your certification. And once you’ve gotten there…
: It’s just the beginning as you’ve said I think in the past before. So kind of along this train of thought, what does “investing in yourself as a WLAN professional mean to you? Is it just certifications? When someone says, “You need to invest in yourself as a WLAN pro.” What does that look like?
: For me, in my case, with the school district there are certain limitations and politics involved – policies, “If you are going to go to this conference you have to apply within 30 days. And it can’t be out of state. And the school district is not going to pay for certain things. And it will not pay for others.” So it’s kind of complicated. And one of the challenges I faced when I wanted to attend the first wireless LAN Professionals conference was that I didn’t get the school district to pay for it. Either travel, or attendance, or days off or anything. So investing in myself at that point – I had to make a decision. OK, the conference is $2,000.00. I’m going to have to take a week off that I’m not going to get paid for. This is family vacation days that I could use with them somewhere. Or just go a get – just go to the conference. Paying for all this stuff at that point was a decision we made. And yes, later then it was the certification that the district did pay for the class and then I had to take the exams. I think investing in yourself, for me it was not only making the investments that I have to pay this money from my own pocket. No company is paying for it. Nobody is sponsoring me.
: Although later I got sponsorship from Wireless LAN Professionals. I got a scholarship, to go to the second conference. That’s how I ended up to working out for Wireless LAN Professionals and some of the stuff formed in Ekahau and then just independent contracting. But it was also the effort, it’s just the time you’re putting to it. That’s just an example. The other one was when taking the certification of the exams. I mean, studying for the exams. Investing myself meant that I had to wake up at 4:00 in the morning, study for a couple hours then go to work. Then after work, I had to come home to help with the kids and stuff and study some more. Then my lunch break just grab something that is really quick and study more and study more. So at that point, I was not investing money. I mean, I have already purchased a book and study on my own but it’s just that extra effort when instead of watching a show, you’re sitting down, reading a book and making research to understand the concept. And also, another thing, there is the pain by yourself to go to conference and exams and classes and stuff. That’s when the effort that you have to make to chill this certifications and learn it.
: Its almost like “no one cares about your future more than you, at all”. That’s for you. It sounds what I’m hearing is, there’s this point in time where you make a very clear decision like this is worth whatever it takes.
: Yes. Absolutely. And then on top of that “if”, because I’ve come across many guys that they’re not working for anybody. So you don’t have that playground to learn the actual status. Taking the exam and passing the certifications can be simple for some guys.
: And the exam is based on what I’ve read. And then they have the certification but experience is the biggest because the exam is the exam but the real thing that getting the experience out in the field is the difficult thing if you don’t have an environment. I was lucky enough that we have the whole district. That was my playground but that was my age up that I had to make work efficiently. So I had a real environment.
: What about labs? Investing in lab? I hear Keith talk a lot about that when I got the Lending Library (https://www.wlanpros.com/how-the-lending-library-works/) and those kind of things. Why is that important? And how do you do that?
: Yes, thank you and that’s the next. Thank you for the segue. That’s my next point. If you don’t have an environment to apply the knowledge and real environment, then you have to build the lab and that implies buying some equipment. And yeah, we have the Wireless LAN Pros – Lending Library (https://www.wlanpros.com/product-category/lending-library/) where people can just get like enterprise class equipment that they can play with in configuration and wipe it clean without affecting users. So it is really really necessary to have a lab environment. Now here’s the other thing that’s cool. If you don’t have a real environment, you don’t have the means to get your hands on that enterprise equipment, it’s down here. That’s how a huge investment because I approaches somebody you know on the field. If you’re going to do a survey, can I just shadow you go there with you. And you don’t have to pay me because that’s when there’s…
: There are a lot of people like “yeah, you can come with me.” But they can be company policy so you cannot just bring in somebody have this stood with you. They get heard who’s liable for the company where you’re doing the survey or us doing this. I mean it’s just not as simple as that, but if you come across somebody, “hey, I’m going to do an installation”. Sure! I help fill your cables, I’ll help you mount a piece, or show me and I’ll have to configure in. Just volunteer. Volunteering I think is one of the greatest things that I’ve done throughout my career, not just on Wi-Fi but on networks and computers.
: But again that’s another thing that has to be align right. Because you have to get the right people, the right environment and if you have a day-time job, then you have to make sure you can make it work around your schedule. So that’s not another big investment, but another nice way to obtain them.
: And something that’s worth doing. Worth the sacrifices.
: Absolutely.
: And I know it’s so much easier to just go home and sit down and watch a show or do nothing. Doing nothing is fun. But it’s just sometimes we have to sacrifice.
: On a different kind of angle, I just have some other questions here. What’s a mistake in the industry you see people making on a consistent basis that you wish you could stop from happening?
: Well let’s see.
: You’re teaching a lot. Is there things you’re running into that people just aren’t thinking about?
: Well, I think the first thing that comes to mind is the installing APs, since it’s always one thing that is commonly being done that just doesn’t work that well in Wi-Fi. There are many reasons why there are blogs, lots of blogs out there explains why. That’s a very common problem. Sometimes it’s not because people don’t know that that’s bad. It’s because they are told to put in there. And that’s one of the big mistakes that I see overall in the industries – is that we, as Wi-Fi professionals are been told by engineers and architects and interior designers where and how to monitor access points.
: I wouldn’t say that’s the biggest thing. Because of course, they end up in the hallway there’s a subset of somebody told me to put that. Why? I don’t know. They said put them there because that’s the only way to access. Because they look pretty in there, because they want a blinking lights inside this room or that room or because my code, they cannot have an some areas, industrial areas. I mean, there’s so many things but to summarize that, the biggest mistake is that we are letting others to tell us how to design. And another kind of related to this, is that a lot of deployments are being done without designing, without doing all of the research. Do you know why were so many news during the ancient times they had, they were deployed? They were just installed by somebody because that’s what they said and then there is no design because nobody sat down to figure out why and where. I mean, what type of device? How long you have these? Asked all questions we have to ask when we’re creating a Wireless design.
: Well, it sounds like with this podcast and a lot of the other great podcasts on Wireless LAN and the conferences, were hopefully moving the needle on some of that stuff and educating and encouraging each other and better testing gear, sidekick those kind of things that help prove the need to do things properly.
: Absolutely Yes.
: Alright. Well, what is one project you have been involved with that you’re the most proud of and why?
: Well, there were several which is the network I owned. I worked on other network but this is the biggest one. And I think not the biggest project but one of the project that makes me proud that I had all which I had was some Wireless LAN we had to do for a school. That was a school that was being demolished. That school was crossed the district office and transportation warehouse of the entire school district transportation department and warehousing. They were connected to the school that was being demolished. We got quotes from companies to get another 9 run to that transportation from the district office. And they came to $70000-80000 to run the new fiber cable over there. Because they had to go across the street, and they needed city permits and they need it.
: It was just complicated long and difficult. It was $80,000 and I got that one like $105,000 for that Wireless LAN entire department- Those two buildings and facilities very critical portions of district transportation and it would be warehouses as well. So that was one of the little projects can like wireless works and they saved the district money and we had another.
: Lot of money.
: Yes, a lot of money. We had another similar project where we had to to build a school in between two buildings and with wireless. Thanks for acknowledging Wireless. Have that done fractional cost and the time because basically had to change in the winter and we had to wait for temperature, equipment and the permits and everything. Basically, Wireless is one site that now goes out the other one like within half a day, we had a whole building connected.
: Everyone was shouting: “Ferney! Ferney!”.
: Yeah!
: The flip side that’s the..
: It’s the contractor that wanted to do it.
: Yeah, exactly! They were hunt you and hide out for a while.
: Yeah.
: On the flip side of that, what’s a mistake you’ve made that has really taught you something valuable?
: Oh men! I made so many mistakes not knowing which one could be more significant.
: But oh! And you know what? I think here’s one. Now that you really got. I took at first year CWNA class and the AirMini class on Mr. Parsons. It took me like 4 years to actually get certified. Big mistake! Because you take the classes its four days, five days and you did it from 8 in the morning till 5 in the afternoon. At the end of Friday, your brain is just overwhelmed with Wi-Fi knowledge and you have all that stuffs fresh in the head. Big mistake I made. I’ll take the exam when I’m break. You’ll never gonna be ready. There’s so much tool. It was a big mistake. And then made it to the class again. I’m going to study and then when I’m ready, like never way. So if I could do that one after the first class on the day of the end of class, I shouldn’t have done and take the exam or the morning following that. That was one mistake and that would have saved me a lot of hassle and I would have made my CWNE process each year.
:  A couple couple more questions here. Favorite piece of equipment you’re using these days and why?
: You know without a doubt the sidekick (https://www.wlanpros.com/resources/ekahausidekickreview/) Yeah, it used to be my Air Check. That was pretty useful and I think I still have it. And of course I think every Wireless LAN Professionals should have checking their tool bags. But the sidekick definitely has changed the way in which I do surveying and the analysis on it. So I’ll tell you why? We have doing surveys we have to carry USB hubs, we have cables next to it and we have wireless mix and we have spectrum analyzes and we have two carry 2.4 and 5gig one. So we have all this bunch of little bits and pieces connected to our computers. Which you’ve seen in videos. You know the survey tray. How troublesome that can be just carry around your computer with a whole bunch of little gadgets hanging around the computer. So the sidekick summarizes all that into one piece of equipment. Using that for surveying was really good. We had a big project in the Silicon Valley. We survey like 68 kilometers that’s about 42 miles. We have to survey for multiple days. And with this hiking, I just had a backpack and outside of the backpack is that thing gets really hot one headed inside. And you think you’re using it. On a Segway, say that I used to kind of not to be a friend of the Segway, because like well I can walk, I like walking and I think. But when you’re doing 42 miles, Segway was the way to be my second favorite tool if you asked me.
: Maybe that should be our next bundle.
: Yeah, get a Segway as well and it pays off. And actually they have to buy a Segway. I rented one from one of these. Because nowadays, and pretty much of the world I think well, in major cities and tourist places, they have the Segway tools. So I call on this places and I rented when I was like $100 a day, like $300 a week, I rented for a week but only uses it 3 or 4 days. But I was it and just rented. We do have some special pigments to attach the survey tray and put the computer up and then you still have one cable going from the sidekick to your computer. But it simplifies that. So that’s my favorite tool nowadays.
: Related to that, what’s an unexpected tool in your tool kit that you always go to that? Maybe someone might be surprised to know. Just a little favorite piece of equipment or something that you rely on that maybe is out of the norm of what you normally think of?
: OK. I would say that there are couple. Since I’ve done several of the point to point links out there just connecting buildings wireless and avoiding running cables. One tool that is kind like not expected as you asked, is the rangefinder. It’s like a binocular but it’s just one lens. So how do you call that?. It is just one lens.
: Telescope.
: It is a small ones like the size of a small box and then you look and then they’ll give you the distance. That it’s used for hunters a military also. You look at that spot and then you press a button and we will show you the distance from where you are to that point that you selected and show you the angle of elevation. Like if it’s near five degrees up or down and then you go to the other end and then you end because when you’re doing that point to point connections you need the antennas to be align aiming at the same direction. So they see each other. Of course like if you’re doing a light, you can see the light. But when we’re talking about Wi-Fi, we cannot see these waves in the air. So we have to rely on tools like this tools to give us distances and angles of elevation inclination to aim our antennas right.
: Do you have favorite one? What’s that brand that one you know?
: I don’t really know how to pronounce that. You just go to as like a hunting store and get like a rangefinder- just a one lens device. There are different ones that will show you. There are multiple brands. You just have to find one that fits your budget and that’s what you wanted to do. Some like they want to have goes like 1000 meters. That’s about 300,000 meter and how many well? That’s a kilometer. Like more than half a mile. This is pretty decent for point to point.
: Along with that there is a tool that goes on iPhone. It’s a piece of software that you can also do cool things. It’s called Theodolite. It said T H E O D O L I T E-its just one word. Let me spell that again for you. It’s T-H-E-O-D-O-L-I-T-E.
: I’ll get that in the show notes.
: Get in the show notes and also they are the same application for Android is called DIOPTRA. (D-I-O-P-T-R-A) So those tools will make those type of outdoor installation point to points easier.
: Well, awesome! Ferney, thank you for spending time in answering these questions. If people want to follow you, how can they get in touch with you or keep up with all things?
: The easiest way probably to Twitter @Ferney_munoz add that to show note’s because my name is not easy to understand just in English. It makes sense in Spanish. I have to add that when I go to places to order food that you know was the name? What’s your name John or Fred or something that they’ve don’t asked me. How do you spell that? Ferney_munoz on Twitter. Thats the easiest way. I also use WhatsApp.
: People can reach me out that way as well and that’s my phone number 1 801 618-8712 and WhatsApp is another easy way for people to reach me anywhere.
: Well, thanks again Ferney! And you have a great rest to your week and we will talk soon.
: Thank you Matthew for having me and I appreciate your time also.
: Thanks
: Thank you for joining us for another episode of the Wireless LAN Professionals Podcast. The podcast for Wireless LAN Professionals by Wireless LAN Professionals. Be sure to follow us on Twitter @WirelessLANpros for all the latest news and updates and also connect directly with Keith on Twitter @KeithRParsons. Head over to WWW.WlanPros.Com for this episode show notes as well as the latest in all things Wi-Fi.
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156 | How To Invest In Your Wireless Career with Ferney Muñoz
In This Episode:
Keith kicks things off with introducing us to another page of the Wireless LAN Professionals Custom Field Notebook. This is the page that contains 3 resources:
dBm to milliwatt conversion chart
State Machine – great for explaining concepts visually for clients
Frame control field chart
Ferney Muñoz talks about what investing in himself as a Wireless LAN Professional means to him.
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Episode 156.mp3
: Wireless LAN Professionals is a place to educate inform encourage and entertain those involved in wireless LANS. This wireless LAN professionals podcast is an audio manifestation of these goals. Our host is a wireless LAN veteran consultant designer and teacher Keith Parsons. And now the podcast for wireless LAN professionals by wireless LAN professionals.
: In this section we’re going to talk about one of the pages from the WLAN Pros Notebook.(https://www.wlanpros.com/shop/notebook/) This is the page that has dBm to milliwatt conversion. One of my favorite things to teach and I have a little thing it’s a five minute to dB the milliwatt conversion (https://www.wlanpros.com/resources/easy-db-math-5-minutes/) it’s a very simple way to go about doing it. And I think anyone who is in this industry should be able to think in your mind very quickly the dB to milliwatt, the milliwat to dB and that should be almost instantaneous going back and forth. But first some of you might be new in the industry haven’t been going long we added this little conversion table right here for you. The tricks we use in dB the milliwatt conversion – things like you know using 3s and 10s. So a 3 on the left side in dB is equal to a 2 two on the right side in “normal math”. Those tricks work really good and very fast to figure out how to do that. Just realize that when you get up to some numbers like if you do double double double double the 2 4 8 16 you get up to 512 or 1024 on this table it shows a thousand. That’s because the difference between the trick using the dB math trick and the actual logarithm are slightly off. So if you if using your tricks and you get a number like 512 and the table shows 500 or you use 500 but 512 is what you’ve been using. They’re still the same. You’re not going to get too confused with that.
: We also added on this page a couple other pieces that I think wLAN pros should know fairly, fairly consistently. And the reason we added them here so when you’re talking with customers sometimes it’s easier to show them a graphic. So the “State Machine” is a graphic that you can go and show and when you’re describing the process of how a client does probe request – probe response, than authentication request then authentication response, then association request, then association response and it gets into the authentication process later.
: You can point back in a show where there’s layer, there’s 802.11 authentication and there’s authentication after 802.11 finishes and how the state machine works. As well as looking at the disassociation and de-authentication showing how far back in the process you go depending on what frame is sent.
: And the third thing we add on this page was the frame control fields, specifically for the “to bit” and “from bit”. These little DS bits are very useful and depending on how they’re set each of the addresses will either be BSSID, the MAC address of the AP, or the station, the source address, the transmitter address, the receiver address, or the destination address. And those are all little table there for you to understand.
: It also shows when you get to the, the only time you use all four of the addresses are if you’re “to bit” and “from bit” are both set to 1. If they’re both set to 1 then you are in bridge mode or a mesh mode.
: Let’s get to know our colleagues and friends with a shared passion for Wi-Fi. It’s time to search WhoIs…
: Ferney welcome to the show amigo. How are you sir?
: I’m doing great. Matthew thank you for having me on the show.
: Of course. It’s been a while since we’ve been face to face.
: Yeah.
: I guess the last time I wasn’t too far long ago. We were moving boxes around. I think.
: That is correct. We were rearranging the Lending Library inventory and all kinds of things. Yes.
: And now you just kind of got back from a whirlwind tour with your family a little different traveling than normal. Tell us about that.
: Well I am usually traveling just for work as you know with CWNE, CWNA classes or Ekahau classes or consulting and this time it was it was just a holiday. Just vacation with my family. I have three kids, 3, 8, and 9 and traveling with kids can be challenging. We went to Europe and everything went well except that I left the passport in a taxicab in Rome and we had no passports a few days but we got emergency passports. But other than that it was very good. Just the same challenges going through airport security and all kind of the hassle channeling. But this time without gear and just relax. So yeah it was definitely.
: A different kind of gear gear for kids.
: Yes yes. Diapers and bottles and milk and yes.
: iPads.
: Yes absolutely.
: For the few that may not know you at all, tell us a little bit about yourself, where you got started in Wi-Fi and what you’re up to, you know you alluded to some training, but what are you up to nowadays?
: Well for those who don’t know me I’m Ferney Munoz they call me Fernie or Prenay or something like that..
: Or “hey you!”
: Hey you. But Ferney works. I’m originally from Colombia and I moved to the States back in 99. March of 1999 and started working at a school district in high school as a volunteer doing all that technology stuff. I start with technology many years before that in Colombia and here I started working directly with networks and then later I owned the network for the District – a big network. Of course in about 2001 or so we were working just with mostly wired networks
: school districts..
: School district yes. Started seeing some of the wireless stuff come into play and then later on about 2009 we started a new district. That district split off of a big district. It was about a hundred schools before the Salt Lake Valley area. The Jordan School Districts split and from there Canyons School District was born and then we own that network. We started implementing wireless like big time. Removing all of the standalone a 802.11b,g devices and getting rid of difficult to manage. Basically home devices were installed in the district before. And now we were finally working on an enterprise class network. So I was thrown in the Wi-Fi arena as many of us were. Where we were on wired networks and one day someone said, “Hey, you know we have this new wireless thing that needs to be installed or configured.” And all of the sudden they made us wireless professionals without us knowing what that meant.
: We started installing Xirrus those big flying saucer looking arrays. They were not called access points – arrays. Multiple radios and all kinds of challenges with the wireless. Of course we have 50 buildings about 40000 students and some 4000 employees and we have to provide Wi-Fi for everybody. And in a school district is a very dynamic environment. Everybody is – teachers trying to add curriculum and cool devices to their curriculum. And trying to rely on Wi-Fi and many just bringing Apple TVs and many home devices that they want to implement in the enterprise environment. And it all came at once.
: You got thrown in the deep end and you suddenly we’re a wireless LAN professional.
: Yes. Of course today it’s like,”Well, do you know how to do it?” “Yeah I got Wi-Fi at home.” “So you know Wi-Fi – then you’re in charge now.”
: Now actually we had about 650 of these devices implemented in the network and were in charge of computer making work. Of course we having all kinds of problems and we had issues. The company they sent an engineer and they walked around with a computer and gear and stuff then they gave us a green map at the end. But we still had issues.
: And through that process I just got tired of kind of being held hostage by vendors.
: “Hey what do you go there? Let me do this myself.”.
: We have a big environment, we have budget and we cannot just schedule an engineer to come whenever they can when we need it now. So we like let’s do it ourselves.
: Through that process we met Mr. Keith Parsons. That’s how I met him is that he was hired to come and help us. We worked with a gentlemen Jared Griffiths before and now he kind of met Mr. Parsons and brought him on board and he help us. That’s how I started basically doing Wi-Fi. Before I was just kind of like try and figure it out with my team and finally with Mr. Parsons kind of showed us how to do it ourselves and understand it. And I got some training from Airmagnet and that some CWNA training.
: So you just kind of started jumping in there and learning all you could. Well one of the purposes of this interview and kind of this series of interviews is obviously taking experience from guys who have been in the trenches and sharing that with obviously your peers and your colleagues but also people maybe who are getting started in wireless LAN. And so I was thinking of some questions that might be able to help us with that end in mind. And one of those is “If you could go back to your younger self thinking about when you got started here like in the story, what’s a piece of advice you’d give yourself then that might have helped you avoid some of those headaches along the way?”
: Well you know without a doubt. If I could go back to that first instance said, “Hey you know you’re going to be in charge of these wireless networks.” I would have said “OK. I need training.
: Don’t assume that because it works at home I can do it here in the School District. “Why not?” I mean and everybody has that mentality like “How hard can that be? I mean just plug it in and it works.” That’s one of the problems with Wi-Fi – It works. It always works, it’s just works poorly. We were just putting out fires that we had no idea how to approach. So getting training would’ve definitely made our lives so much better.
: So, right away just say, “OK, I need training just jump in there and do it.”
: Yes, yes. Absolutely. And some companies are proactive because one of my, many of my students have been in class and they are like, “Well I was the cable guy and now the wireless guy left. And now they want me to start doing this but and they send me to get training.” So those are easy to work with because they have nothing – no knowledge. The are starting from scratch. But others like us that were thrown in the field with no knowledge it’s their responsibility.
: We start figuring out how to configure the controllers and how to make this work and how to enable and disable things and we know how to do it but we don’t know why. Or we don’t know if it’s performing like it’s supposed to until something blows up. So definitely training. CWNA is a very good vendor neutral training. Because that’s another thing I found out Matthew, is that a lot of guys that come from Cisco backgrounds they come from Aruba backgrounds and they have all kinds of certifications and training from that vendor. But once you start getting to the basics of the technology – not the brand – is like, “Well this is totally different.”
: So obviously if you have access to those trainings and certifications take them.
: Yes.
: Don’t just stay there.
: Absolutely. Don’t just think that because you’ve got a Cisco certification in wireless you’re a “wireless expert” No, it just it just doesn’t doesn’t end there.
: What’s one thing you think you did right early on as you started in working with Wi-Fi?
: Umm I think it was admitting that I didn’t know anything. I kind of knew, I mean I thought I knew how it works – some basics. Later on when I met Mr. Parsons and we took some like formal training, real training I started realizing that we were doing a lot of things wrong. But I think that the first approach is just kind of being humble and saying, “You know what? I don’t know it”. I think that’s the hardest step. Because of course you’re a professional, you’re in the field, and you’re in charge.
: And you do know a lot probably.
: Yeah and you know I mean a lot of these guys there they have knowledge about servers, they have knowledge about virtualization, they have knowledge about networks, wired networks, switching, routing and a whole bunch… I mean these guys are super smart. But Wi-Fi is just a different monster. It just works differently. And also I’ve come across guys come from the cellular networks. And they also, “of course I know this, I’ve been doing this for many years.” But when you start talking about Wi-Fi is that some things just don’t make sense. “Wait isn’t that how it works in cellular.” Exactly. Wi-Fi is just different.
: And you mentioned CWNE and the whole gamut of those – Is that the certification you recommend for everybody or is there a path you recommend?
: Yeah well for those who are not familiar with CWNP program – starting with CWNA is definitely “the” beginning. If you want to continue walking this path. That’s a certification. You can study on your own. You can take a formal class – CWNA class. and then for the certification you have to go to one of the Pearson VUE testing centers (https://home.pearsonvue.com/) and get certified and you pass then you’re good, that’s your certification.
: Then you there are three other certifications you have to do. The CWSP is the “Security” one. CWAP which is the “Analysis Professional”. And also the CWDP which is the “Design Professional.” They don’t have to be taken in that order. I recommend taking the CWNA then AP, then SP, then DP. Some guys take it out of the way after the Ekahau class because a lot of stuff in there (inaudible). But once you take those four certifications you submit an application to CWNE board. They’re a board to evaluate. You have to do some essays, write some stuff. They will evaluate it and you have to log… I mean the listeners who are not familiar with the program they can just research and find out exactly what they have to do. But that’s definitely the way get it. And once you get approved then you become a CWNE which is like at the expert level. Which by the way it doesn’t make you an expert you just get your certification. And once you’ve gotten there…
: It’s just the beginning as you’ve said I think in the past before. So kind of along this train of thought, what does “investing in yourself as a WLAN professional mean to you? Is it just certifications? When someone says, “You need to invest in yourself as a WLAN pro.” What does that look like?
: For me, in my case, with the school district there are certain limitations and politics involved – policies, “If you are going to go to this conference you have to apply within 30 days. And it can’t be out of state. And the school district is not going to pay for certain things. And it will not pay for others.” So it’s kind of complicated. And one of the challenges I faced when I wanted to attend the first wireless LAN Professionals conference was that I didn’t get the school district to pay for it. Either travel, or attendance, or days off or anything. So investing in myself at that point – I had to make a decision. OK, the conference is $2,000.00. I’m going to have to take a week off that I’m not going to get paid for. This is family vacation days that I could use with them somewhere. Or just go a get – just go to the conference. Paying for all this stuff at that point was a decision we made. And yes, later then it was the certification that the district did pay for the class and then I had to take the exams. I think investing in yourself, for me it was not only making the investments that I have to pay this money from my own pocket. No company is paying for it. Nobody is sponsoring me.
: Although later I got sponsorship from Wireless LAN Professionals. I got a scholarship, to go to the second conference. That’s how I ended up to working out for Wireless LAN Professionals and some of the stuff formed in Ekahau and then just independent contracting. But it was also the effort, it’s just the time you’re putting to it. That’s just an example. The other one was when taking the certification of the exams. I mean, studying for the exams. Investing myself meant that I had to wake up at 4:00 in the morning, study for a couple hours then go to work. Then after work, I had to come home to help with the kids and stuff and study some more. Then my lunch break just grab something that is really quick and study more and study more. So at that point, I was not investing money. I mean, I have already purchased a book and study on my own but it’s just that extra effort when instead of watching a show, you’re sitting down, reading a book and making research to understand the concept. And also, another thing, there is the pain by yourself to go to conference and exams and classes and stuff. That’s when the effort that you have to make to chill this certifications and learn it.
: Its almost like “no one cares about your future more than you, at all”. That’s for you. It sounds what I’m hearing is, there’s this point in time where you make a very clear decision like this is worth whatever it takes.
: Yes. Absolutely. And then on top of that “if”, because I’ve come across many guys that they’re not working for anybody. So you don’t have that playground to learn the actual status. Taking the exam and passing the certifications can be simple for some guys.
: And the exam is based on what I’ve read. And then they have the certification but experience is the biggest because the exam is the exam but the real thing that getting the experience out in the field is the difficult thing if you don’t have an environment. I was lucky enough that we have the whole district. That was my playground but that was my age up that I had to make work efficiently. So I had a real environment.
: What about labs? Investing in lab? I hear Keith talk a lot about that when I got the Lending Library (https://www.wlanpros.com/how-the-lending-library-works/) and those kind of things. Why is that important? And how do you do that?
: Yes, thank you and that’s the next. Thank you for the segue. That’s my next point. If you don’t have an environment to apply the knowledge and real environment, then you have to build the lab and that implies buying some equipment. And yeah, we have the Wireless LAN Pros – Lending Library (https://www.wlanpros.com/product-category/lending-library/) where people can just get like enterprise class equipment that they can play with in configuration and wipe it clean without affecting users. So it is really really necessary to have a lab environment. Now here’s the other thing that’s cool. If you don’t have a real environment, you don’t have the means to get your hands on that enterprise equipment, it’s down here. That’s how a huge investment because I approaches somebody you know on the field. If you’re going to do a survey, can I just shadow you go there with you. And you don’t have to pay me because that’s when there’s…
: There are a lot of people like “yeah, you can come with me.” But they can be company policy so you cannot just bring in somebody have this stood with you. They get heard who’s liable for the company where you’re doing the survey or us doing this. I mean it’s just not as simple as that, but if you come across somebody, “hey, I’m going to do an installation”. Sure! I help fill your cables, I’ll help you mount a piece, or show me and I’ll have to configure in. Just volunteer. Volunteering I think is one of the greatest things that I’ve done throughout my career, not just on Wi-Fi but on networks and computers.
: But again that’s another thing that has to be align right. Because you have to get the right people, the right environment and if you have a day-time job, then you have to make sure you can make it work around your schedule. So that’s not another big investment, but another nice way to obtain them.
: And something that’s worth doing. Worth the sacrifices.
: Absolutely.
: And I know it’s so much easier to just go home and sit down and watch a show or do nothing. Doing nothing is fun. But it’s just sometimes we have to sacrifice.
: On a different kind of angle, I just have some other questions here. What’s a mistake in the industry you see people making on a consistent basis that you wish you could stop from happening?
: Well let’s see.
: You’re teaching a lot. Is there things you’re running into that people just aren’t thinking about?
: Well, I think the first thing that comes to mind is the installing APs, since it’s always one thing that is commonly being done that just doesn’t work that well in Wi-Fi. There are many reasons why there are blogs, lots of blogs out there explains why. That’s a very common problem. Sometimes it’s not because people don’t know that that’s bad. It’s because they are told to put in there. And that’s one of the big mistakes that I see overall in the industries – is that we, as Wi-Fi professionals are been told by engineers and architects and interior designers where and how to monitor access points.
: I wouldn’t say that’s the biggest thing. Because of course, they end up in the hallway there’s a subset of somebody told me to put that. Why? I don’t know. They said put them there because that’s the only way to access. Because they look pretty in there, because they want a blinking lights inside this room or that room or because my code, they cannot have an some areas, industrial areas. I mean, there’s so many things but to summarize that, the biggest mistake is that we are letting others to tell us how to design. And another kind of related to this, is that a lot of deployments are being done without designing, without doing all of the research. Do you know why were so many news during the ancient times they had, they were deployed? They were just installed by somebody because that’s what they said and then there is no design because nobody sat down to figure out why and where. I mean, what type of device? How long you have these? Asked all questions we have to ask when we’re creating a Wireless design.
: Well, it sounds like with this podcast and a lot of the other great podcasts on Wireless LAN and the conferences, were hopefully moving the needle on some of that stuff and educating and encouraging each other and better testing gear, sidekick those kind of things that help prove the need to do things properly.
: Absolutely Yes.
: Alright. Well, what is one project you have been involved with that you’re the most proud of and why?
: Well, there were several which is the network I owned. I worked on other network but this is the biggest one. And I think not the biggest project but one of the project that makes me proud that I had all which I had was some Wireless LAN we had to do for a school. That was a school that was being demolished. That school was crossed the district office and transportation warehouse of the entire school district transportation department and warehousing. They were connected to the school that was being demolished. We got quotes from companies to get another 9 run to that transportation from the district office. And they came to $70000-80000 to run the new fiber cable over there. Because they had to go across the street, and they needed city permits and they need it.
: It was just complicated long and difficult. It was $80,000 and I got that one like $105,000 for that Wireless LAN entire department- Those two buildings and facilities very critical portions of district transportation and it would be warehouses as well. So that was one of the little projects can like wireless works and they saved the district money and we had another.
: Lot of money.
: Yes, a lot of money. We had another similar project where we had to to build a school in between two buildings and with wireless. Thanks for acknowledging Wireless. Have that done fractional cost and the time because basically had to change in the winter and we had to wait for temperature, equipment and the permits and everything. Basically, Wireless is one site that now goes out the other one like within half a day, we had a whole building connected.
: Everyone was shouting: “Ferney! Ferney!”.
: Yeah!
: The flip side that’s the..
: It’s the contractor that wanted to do it.
: Yeah, exactly! They were hunt you and hide out for a while.
: Yeah.
: On the flip side of that, what’s a mistake you’ve made that has really taught you something valuable?
: Oh men! I made so many mistakes not knowing which one could be more significant.
: But oh! And you know what? I think here’s one. Now that you really got. I took at first year CWNA class and the AirMini class on Mr. Parsons. It took me like 4 years to actually get certified. Big mistake! Because you take the classes its four days, five days and you did it from 8 in the morning till 5 in the afternoon. At the end of Friday, your brain is just overwhelmed with Wi-Fi knowledge and you have all that stuffs fresh in the head. Big mistake I made. I’ll take the exam when I’m break. You’ll never gonna be ready. There’s so much tool. It was a big mistake. And then made it to the class again. I’m going to study and then when I’m ready, like never way. So if I could do that one after the first class on the day of the end of class, I shouldn’t have done and take the exam or the morning following that. That was one mistake and that would have saved me a lot of hassle and I would have made my CWNE process each year.
:  A couple couple more questions here. Favorite piece of equipment you’re using these days and why?
: You know without a doubt the sidekick (https://www.wlanpros.com/resources/ekahausidekickreview/) Yeah, it used to be my Air Check. That was pretty useful and I think I still have it. And of course I think every Wireless LAN Professionals should have checking their tool bags. But the sidekick definitely has changed the way in which I do surveying and the analysis on it. So I’ll tell you why? We have doing surveys we have to carry USB hubs, we have cables next to it and we have wireless mix and we have spectrum analyzes and we have two carry 2.4 and 5gig one. So we have all this bunch of little bits and pieces connected to our computers. Which you’ve seen in videos. You know the survey tray. How troublesome that can be just carry around your computer with a whole bunch of little gadgets hanging around the computer. So the sidekick summarizes all that into one piece of equipment. Using that for surveying was really good. We had a big project in the Silicon Valley. We survey like 68 kilometers that’s about 42 miles. We have to survey for multiple days. And with this hiking, I just had a backpack and outside of the backpack is that thing gets really hot one headed inside. And you think you’re using it. On a Segway, say that I used to kind of not to be a friend of the Segway, because like well I can walk, I like walking and I think. But when you’re doing 42 miles, Segway was the way to be my second favorite tool if you asked me.
: Maybe that should be our next bundle.
: Yeah, get a Segway as well and it pays off. And actually they have to buy a Segway. I rented one from one of these. Because nowadays, and pretty much of the world I think well, in major cities and tourist places, they have the Segway tools. So I call on this places and I rented when I was like $100 a day, like $300 a week, I rented for a week but only uses it 3 or 4 days. But I was it and just rented. We do have some special pigments to attach the survey tray and put the computer up and then you still have one cable going from the sidekick to your computer. But it simplifies that. So that’s my favorite tool nowadays.
: Related to that, what’s an unexpected tool in your tool kit that you always go to that? Maybe someone might be surprised to know. Just a little favorite piece of equipment or something that you rely on that maybe is out of the norm of what you normally think of?
: OK. I would say that there are couple. Since I’ve done several of the point to point links out there just connecting buildings wireless and avoiding running cables. One tool that is kind like not expected as you asked, is the rangefinder. It’s like a binocular but it’s just one lens. So how do you call that?. It is just one lens.
: Telescope.
: It is a small ones like the size of a small box and then you look and then they’ll give you the distance. That it’s used for hunters a military also. You look at that spot and then you press a button and we will show you the distance from where you are to that point that you selected and show you the angle of elevation. Like if it’s near five degrees up or down and then you go to the other end and then you end because when you’re doing that point to point connections you need the antennas to be align aiming at the same direction. So they see each other. Of course like if you’re doing a light, you can see the light. But when we’re talking about Wi-Fi, we cannot see these waves in the air. So we have to rely on tools like this tools to give us distances and angles of elevation inclination to aim our antennas right.
: Do you have favorite one? What’s that brand that one you know?
: I don’t really know how to pronounce that. You just go to as like a hunting store and get like a rangefinder- just a one lens device. There are different ones that will show you. There are multiple brands. You just have to find one that fits your budget and that’s what you wanted to do. Some like they want to have goes like 1000 meters. That’s about 300,000 meter and how many well? That’s a kilometer. Like more than half a mile. This is pretty decent for point to point.
: Along with that there is a tool that goes on iPhone. It’s a piece of software that you can also do cool things. It’s called Theodolite. It said T H E O D O L I T E-its just one word. Let me spell that again for you. It’s T-H-E-O-D-O-L-I-T-E.
: I’ll get that in the show notes.
: Get in the show notes and also they are the same application for Android is called DIOPTRA. (D-I-O-P-T-R-A) So those tools will make those type of outdoor installation point to points easier.
: Well, awesome! Ferney, thank you for spending time in answering these questions. If people want to follow you, how can they get in touch with you or keep up with all things?
: The easiest way probably to Twitter @Ferney_munoz add that to show note’s because my name is not easy to understand just in English. It makes sense in Spanish. I have to add that when I go to places to order food that you know was the name? What’s your name John or Fred or something that they’ve don’t asked me. How do you spell that? Ferney_munoz on Twitter. Thats the easiest way. I also use WhatsApp.
: People can reach me out that way as well and that’s my phone number 1 801 618-8712 and WhatsApp is another easy way for people to reach me anywhere.
: Well, thanks again Ferney! And you have a great rest to your week and we will talk soon.
: Thank you Matthew for having me and I appreciate your time also.
: Thanks
: Thank you for joining us for another episode of the Wireless LAN Professionals Podcast. The podcast for Wireless LAN Professionals by Wireless LAN Professionals. Be sure to follow us on Twitter @WirelessLANpros for all the latest news and updates and also connect directly with Keith on Twitter @KeithRParsons. Head over to WWW.WlanPros.Com for this episode show notes as well as the latest in all things Wi-Fi.
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Family of alleged Texas school shooter says they are ‘shocked and confused’
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SANTA FE, Texas — The family of the 17-year-old boy accused of killing 10 people at a Texas high school Friday issued a statement expressing condolences to the victims.
Dimitrios Pagourtzis’ family members said they are “as shocked and confused as anyone by these events that occurred.”
This photo provided by the Galveston County Sheriff’s Office shows Dimitrios Pagourtzis, who law enforcement officials took into custody Friday, May 18, 2018, and identified as the suspect in the deadly school shooting in Santa Fe, Texas, near Houston. (Galveston County Sheriff’s Office via AP)
Dimitrios Pagourtzis is a “smart, quiet, sweet boy,” they said.
A day after a school shooting in southeastern Texas left 10 dead and 13 others injured, the city of Santa Fe focused on mourning and recovery, as the area’s congressman said residents “will pull together” like they did after Hurricane Harvey months ago.
“We will grieve together, we will love one another, we will work together. We did it after Harvey — still doing it after Harvey,” US Rep. Randy Weber told reporters Saturday afternoon, referring to the storm that ravaged the Houston area in late August. “We’ll do it after this.”
“We will get through this,” he said.
Police say Dimitrios Pagourtzis, 17, used a shotgun and a revolver to shoot students and teachers at Santa Fe High School on Friday morning.
Pagourtzis told an investigator he acted alone and spared people he liked because he wanted his story told, a probable cause affidavit says.
On Saturday evening, a vigil for the victims is scheduled to be held on the other side of Houston, in the community of Spring.
One of the students who was killed was Jared Black, who turned 17 this week and was supposed to have a birthday party Saturday. A family friend told CNN his family learned of his death about 13 hours after the shooting.
Houston Texans star defensive end J.J. Watt has offered to pay the funeral expenses for victims of the massacre, according to a spokeswoman for the NFL team.
The Santa Fe school district will close its schools Monday and Tuesday, officials said — but students and staff are slowly being allowed to collect their belongings from part of the the high school.
Officers were escorting people back to the campus Saturday in groups of 10 to collect things such as valuables, keys and vehicles, school district Police Chief Walter Braun said. Fifty had returned to the school by the afternoon.
Pagourtzis was held without bail and is accused of capital murder of multiple people and aggravated assault on a public servant. Nine students and one teacher were killed, a law enforcement official told CNN.
Pagourtzis said little during a video court appearance Friday, answering, “Yes, sir,” when asked whether he wanted a court-appointed attorney. He was not asked to enter a plea, and bond was denied.
A shotgun and a .38 revolver
The gunfire at Santa Fe High School, not far from Houston in southeastern Texas, started Friday morning. The alleged shooter used a shotgun and a .38 revolver legally owned by his father, Gov. Greg Abbott told reporters.
Gunfire erupted at the school not long after classes began around 7:30 a.m. local time, officials said.
Two school resource officers were on the campus and confronted the shooter, Abbott said.
Authorities later found explosive devices — including pipe bombs and pressure cookers — in and near the school, a law enforcement official said.
Henry told reporters that the suspect had devices but none were functional. One was a pressure cooker with an alarm clock and nails, but no explosive material. Authorities also found an unlit Molotov cocktail, he said.
Investigators on Friday searched a trailer where they believe the devices were assembled, a law enforcement source said.
Investigators believe Pagourtzis acted alone, a law enforcement official told CNN on Saturday.
Earlier, Abbott and other officials indicated that two other people were being interviewed to see whether they were involved. But authorities now believe those two were not connected to the crime, the official said.
Exchange student among those killed
The victims killed included a Pakistani exchange student, Sabika Sheikh; student Chris Stone, 17; and a substitute teacher, Cynthia Tisdale.
The people hospitalized included retired Houston police Officer John Barnes, who served as a resource officer at the school.
Houston Police Chief Art Acevedo tweeted Friday afternoon that he had visited Barnes in the hospital, and the retired officer was “hanging in there.”
Barnes was in critical condition, the University of Texas Medical Branch said Saturday.
What we know about the shooting
This is the 22nd US school shooting so far this year, and the third instance in eight days in which a gunman was on a school campus.
Gunshots in an art room, and a fire alarm
A student, Damon Rabon, said he was in class when he heard a loud bang next door.
“We thought maybe someone was banging on the shop door or maybe something fell,” the senior said. Rabon said he followed his teacher, who went to investigate.
They heard three more bangs and saw the shooter come out of an art room.
“At this point we knew this was … really happening to us,” Rabon said.
They went back into their classroom and told others to help barricade the door.
A substitute teacher, David Briscoe, said he was teaching an English class when he heard screaming and gunshots, then a fire alarm.
Not knowing where the shooter was, he barricaded his classroom door with tables and desks, turned off the lights and told his students to get down. He told CNN he could hear someone outside the room groaning, apparently injured.
“It felt like hours before we got out of the school, but one of my students said it was 30 to 45 minutes,” Briscoe said. “I had around 10 to 15 students and I’m grateful they were safe.”
Angelica Martinez, 14, told CNN that an alarm sounded, as well as gunfire. She and her schoolmates at one point were evacuated “like it’s a fire drill.”
“We were all standing (outside), but not even five minutes later, we started hearing gunshots,” she said. “And then everybody starts running, but, like, the teachers are telling us to stay put, but we’re all just running away.”
“I didn’t see anybody shooting, but, like, (the gunshots) were kind of spaced,” Angelica said, adding she heard about four shots.
Another student, Dakota Shrader, told CNN affiliate KPRC that she heard gunshots after the alarm blared.
“I was in the history hallway, and as soon as we heard the alarms, everybody just started leaving, following the same procedure as … (a) practice fire drill,” Shrader said, breaking into tears. “And next thing you know, we just hear … three gunshots, loud explosions, and all the teachers are telling us to run.”
Police chief ‘hit rock bottom’
Acevedo said he was “not ashamed to admit I’ve shed tears of sadness, pain and anger” after the shooting.
“I know some have strong feelings about gun rights, but I want you to know I’ve hit rock bottom,” he said in a Facebook post, adding he would “de-friend” anyone who posted anything about “guns aren’t the problem.”
President Donald Trump addressed the school shooting, saying that mass shootings have been “going on too long.”
“Unfortunately, I have to begin by expressing our sadness and heartbreak over the deadly shooting at Santa Fe High School in Texas,” Trump said. “This has been going on too long in our country. Too many years. Too many decades now.”
Trump said federal authorities are coordinating with local officials.
“We grieve for the terrible loss of life and send our support to everyone affected by this absolutely horrific attack,” Trump said.
from FOX 4 Kansas City WDAF-TV | News, Weather, Sports http://fox4kc.com/2018/05/19/family-of-alleged-texas-school-shooter-says-they-are-shocked-and-confused/
from Kansas City Happenings https://kansascityhappenings.wordpress.com/2018/05/19/family-of-alleged-texas-school-shooter-says-they-are-shocked-and-confused/
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jameshboyd · 7 years
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Think! Loving God With Your Mind
"Wise men store up knowledge..." Proverbs 10:14a "...I do not feel obligated to believe that same God who has endowed us with senses, reason and intellect has intended to forgo their use and by some other means to give us knowledge that we can attain by them." Galileo (1) A key point in the history of western civilization was when philosopher Rene' Descartes issued his famous maxim "I think, I am." In this statement, Descartes basically founded the secular movement by stating that the sole basis for our existence is the ability to think and reason. As we shall see, the ability to think is vitally important, but it is a means to a greater end: to know and glorify the God who created us. Unfortunately, Descartes' logic has been used to create a false tension between natural reason and supernatural faith, and this tension has eroded the very foundations our society was built upon. History is loaded with examples of how Christianity, as an intellectual influence, has shaped the very world we live in. The Bible has inspired some of the greatest art (such as Da Vinci's "The Last Supper") and music (such as Bach's "Passion of St. Matthew," and Handel's "Messiah") ever produced. Some of our greatest colleges and universities were originally based on strong Christian foundations and specialized in training ministers. Our school children were once educated by McGuffey readers which relied heavily on Biblical themes. Yet today, the term "Christian" is often synonymous with ignorance and anti-intellectualism. What happened? In the words of the great Christian philosopher Francis Shaeffer: "To understand where we are in today's world-in our intellectual ideas and in our cultural and political lives-we must trace three lines in history, namely, the philosophic, the scientific and the religious. The philosophic seeks intellectual answers to the basic questions of life. The scientific has two parts: first, the makeup of the physical universe and the practical application of what it discovers in technology. The direction in which science will move is set by the philosophic world view of the scientists. People's religious views also determine the direction of their individual lives and of their society (2)." Shaeffer's timely words remind us that the Christian world view encompasses all of life and requires the ability to think clearly and analytically. The fact is, the Bible was written by thinking people, for thinking people. Throughout its pages, the desire for knowledge is a constant theme (Proverbs 24:5; 1Kings 3:9; Hosea 4:6). In fact, one of the key ways we are to love God is with our mind (Matthew 22:37). This is reflected in the lives of many prominent biblical figures. For example, both Moses and Daniel were well schooled in the educational systems of their day (Daniel 1:4; Acts 7:22). Mighty King David, Israel’s greatest monarch, was a military genius (1 Samuel 18:7) as well as a master musician (1 Samuel 16:18). King Solomon, known for his tremendous wisdom, also possessed a massive knowledge of many different subjects, such as agriculture and wildlife (1 Kings 4: 30-34). The Apostle Paul, who wrote roughly two-thirds of the New Testament, was trained by the brilliant Hebrew scholar Gamaliel (Acts 22:3). Furthermore, in 1 Timothy 4:13, Paul reminds his friend Timothy to "give attendance to reading" and later instructs Timothy to bring him some books that he had left behind (2 Timothy 4:13). This would indicate that reading was a high priority to the great apostle. In the words of Charles Spurgeon: "The man who never reads will never be read; he who never quotes will never be quoted. He who will not use the thoughts of other men's brains, proves that he has no brains of his own. Brethren, what is true of ministers is true of all people. You need to read ... Paul cries, 'Bring the books' -- join in the cry (3)."  Given Christianity's strong emphasis on learning and education, it seems ironic that they are often seen as enemies. At the root of the controversy has been the issue of Charles Darwin's theories of evolution, as set forth in his book The Origin of Species. Obviously, the notion that humans evolved from lower life forms did challenge the notion of a Divine Creator (although contrary to popular belief, Darwin did not teach that humans evolved from apes, but rather that humans and apes evolved from a common ancestor). In order to place Mr. Darwin’s theories in context, it is important to examine not only the ideas themselves, but also the attitude in which they were presented. For those who wish to dismiss those of us who do believe in a creator God as being "intolerant" or "narrow minded," keep in mind that some of the key battle lines were drawn by Darwin himself: "He who is not content to look, like a savage, at the phenomena of nature as disconnected, cannot any longer believe that man is the work of a separate act of creation..." (4)  In prior generations, science was generally considered a study of God’s handiwork in creation. Is this irrational? It is interesting to note that the Holy Scriptures describe many natural phenomena thousands of years before they were discovered by modern science. For example, the Bible tells us that...
The earth is round (Isaiah 40:22), 
The sea contains mountains and canyons (2 Samuel 22:16), 
The elements of human life are found in the blood (Leviticus 17:11), 
It also describes he water cycle (Psalm 135:7), and 
...the deterioration of matter, or the Second Law of Thermodynamics (Psalm 102:26; Hebrews 1:10-12). 
Could it be that the Bible is more up-to-date than we have ever begun to imagine? Of course, to acknowledge this would also mean to acknowledge the truth of an all-knowing, all-powerful God who holds us accountable to an absolute moral standard. Darwin's ideas gave intellectual justification to those who wanted to reject this notion. In fact, Sir Julian Huxley, a famous evolutionist and a descendant of Darwin's close ally, Thomas Huxley, openly admitted that that "...the reason we lept at The Origin of Species was because the idea of God interfered with our sexual mores (5)." Much of the tension between science and faith stems not from the Bible itself, but from traditions that have been added to it over the years. Galileo understood this: "...the holy Bible and the phenomena of nature proceed alike from the divine Word, the former as the dictate of the Holy Ghost and the latter as the observant executrix of God’s commands (6)." When addressing the science vs. religion issues, it is important to keep two important questions in mind: 1. What is the precise teaching of Scripture, as opposed to simply being common religious dogma? and  2. What is proven scientific fact, as opposed to being mere theory. Admittedly, both sides of the debate have often neglected these two precepts. By doing so, much unnecessary tension has been created between the scientific and theological communities. Unfortunately, many scientists attack belief in God as being "irrational" or "superstitious." However, to do this demeans some of the greatest scientific minds in history. In addition to Galileo, luminaries such as Newton, Keplar, Pascal, Mendel, Pasteur and countless others were all believers in a Creator. Would even the most militant athiest call these great scientists "irrational?" When the term "Creationism" is used, it is usually identified with those who believe that the Earth was created between 6000 and 10,000 years ago (7), but this is hardly a fair representation. Creationism is a larger and more diverse school of thought than many have been led to believe. In fact, there are a number of opinions among orthodox Christians as to how and when creation took place. For example, one of these theories is called "Progressive Creationism," which points out that the Hebrew word for "day" (as in "on the first day God created...") can also refer to longer time periods, thus allowing for the Earth to be billions of years old (8). Another is called the "Gap Theory" which teaches that there was a time gap between Genesis 1:1 and 1:2, which could also be a span of billions of years (9). The key question is, when God said "Let there be..." what processes did this set into motion?  That being said, I do interpret the Book of Genesis literally (as Jesus did, see Matthew 19:4), and I do believe that it gives a perfectly accurate overview of how the universe came into existence. However, this does not mean that it records every minute detail of how creation occurred (to do so would obviously fill countless libraries). In my opinion, this leaves open a wide range of possibilities. Although an explanation of my own views of these issues is beyond the scope of this work, I will simply say that the truth of the Book of Genesis does not stand or fall based on the age of the Earth. To paraphrase William Jennings Bryan, "Be concerned with the Rock of Ages, not the age of rocks."  The same could be said about the theory of evolution itself. At its core, the word "evolution" simply means "to change over a period of time." No reasonable person would dispute that this occurs. It is important to note that there is a large difference between microevolution. and macroevolution. The former simply refers to evolution within species. Obviously, we see new breeds of dogs and cats, as well as new strains of vegetables and flowers. Bacteria and viruses mutate and become more resistant to medicine. This is of no consequence to religious faith at all, and I do not know of any Creationist who would argue otherwise. The latter refers to evolution from one species into another, which is a bit trickier. Contrary to popular belief, this idea is not universally accepted within the scientific world (10). The numerous missing links in the evolutionary ladder cannot be overlooked. In the ladder itself, several "rungs" are of questionable origin and some (such as Piltdown Man ) have been shown to be blatant hoaxes.  In light of these facts, I would like to quote from a statement signed by over eight hundred British scientists, and is recorded at the Bodelian Library in Oxford, England: "We, the undersigned, Students of the Natural Sciences, desire to express our sincere regret that researchers into scientific truth are perverted by some in our own times into occasion for casting doubt upon the truth and authenticity of the Holy Scriptures. We conceive that it is impossible for the Word of God written in the book of nature, and God’s Word written in Holy Scripture, to contradict one another...physical science is not complete, but is only a condition of progress (4)." We will conclude our study as we began it, by revisiting Descartes. I recently heard a joke in which Descartes walked into a bar. The bartender asked him if he would like a drink. Descartes replied "I think not," and disappeared! This humorous illustration shows us how far our human wisdom will ultimately take us. In the words of noted Theologian J.I. Packer:  "Man's mind becomes free only when its thoughts are brought into captivity to Christ and His Word; till then, it is at the mercy of sinful prejudice and dishonest mental habits within, and of popular opinion, organized propaganda and unquestioned commonplaces without. Tossed about by every wing of intellectual fashion and carried to and fro by the cross-currents of reaction, man without God is not free for truth; he is for ever mastered by the things he takes for granted, the victim of a hopeless and everlasting relativism."  This, my friends, is where it all starts. The whole of God's glorious creation was intended to reveal His nature to us: "...the basic reality of God is plain enough. Open your eyes and there it is! By taking a long and thoughtful look at what God has created, people have always been able to see what their eyes as such can't see: eternal power, for instance, and the mystery of his divine being" (Romans 1:20, The Message Bible)(13). If you do not yet have a relationship with God, open your heart to Him right now. You'll be glad you did! (14)  NOTES & BIBLIOGRAPHY:  1.Galilei, Galileo. "Letter to Christina of Tuscany: Science and Scripture." Quoted in Sherman, Dennis. Western Civilization: Sources, Images and Interpretations, Volume II: Since 1660. Sixth Edition. 2004, 2000, 1995. McGraw-Hill, New York, New York. p. 18.  2. Shaeffer, Francis A. How Should We Then Live? The Rise and Decline of Western Thought and Culture. 1976, Fleming H. Revell Company. P.20  3. C.H. Spurgeon (Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Vol. 9, 1863, sermon #542, p. 668) Quoted in"Thinkman's Thoughtful Words on Books" http://ift.tt/2v9h7EU 4. Darwin, Charles. The Descent of Man. New York: D. Appleton and Co. 1883. pp 606-607,619. Quoted in Sherman, Dennis. Western Civilization: Sources, Images and Interpretations, Volume II: Since 1660. Sixth Edition. 2004, 2000, 1995. McGraw-Hill, New York, New York. p 130.  5. Morris, Henry M. The Troubled Waters of Evolution. 1974, Creation-Life Publishers, San Diego, California. p. 58. Quoted in Why I Believe by D. James Kennedy.1980, Word, Inc.Dallas, London, Vancouver, Melbourne. p. 52.  6. Galileo, p.18.  7.For more on the Young Earth Theory, see answersingenesis.org  8. Progressive Creationism is explained at length at reasons.org 9. For a detailed explanation of the Gap Theory, see the writings of Finis Dake, C.I. Schofield and A.W. Pink  10. For an extensive list of scientist who accept the Biblical creation account, see http://ift.tt/2v95nCj  11. Quoted in Dake, Finis Jennings. God’s Plan For Man. 1949, copyright renewed 1977. Dake Bible Sales, Lawrenceville, Georgia. p. 20. 12. Packer, J.I. "'Fundamentalism' and the Word of God." First edition: 1958. Eerdman's Publishing Company, Grand Rapids, Michigan. p 143.  13. Peterson, Eugene H. The Message New Testament. 1993. Navpress. Colorado Springs, Colorado. p. 359. 14. If you need more information on a relationship with Jesus, see http://ift.tt/2vrYWww . © 2005 JHB from Blogger http://ift.tt/2v9an9R
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