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botanyshitposts · 5 years

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Hi, I wondered if you know how the Shoot Apical Meristem of Isoetes is structured? And further what kind of pretty variegated leaf patterns one could make when I replace a part of that meristem with e.g. a white mutation? Because for example the related Selaginella gives a flying fuck about a stratified meristem and has just two cells happily making the shoot.

anon i know of only one (1) book that goes into some amount of detail about isoetes meristems, and that’s Biology and Evolution of Ferns and Lycophytes edited by Tom A. Ranker and Christopher H. Haufler, with the chapter on meristems being by Ryoko Imaichi. this book is a newer one in terms of fern and lycophyte stuff (published in 2008 by cambridge) and it haunts me because i was going through it when i was writing my isoetes paper last year and came across this on pages 96 and 97:

“The Isoëtaceae rhizomorph is another root-producing organ. It shows anatomical features common to the Carboniferous Lepidodendrid rhizomorph (Karrfalt, 1984; Stewart and Rothwell, 1993). Roots are formed by the activity of the basal meristem. The basal meristem is an enigma, and has been interpreted as a primary meristem, or as a cambium, or a part of a cambium (Paolillo, 1982, and references therein). However, recent detailed examinations of the initiation and growth of the root primordia from the basal meristem, and embryonic roots of Isoëtes species show that the basal meristem has both organogenetic (primary) and thickening (secondary) meristem attributes (Yi and Kato, 2001). The basal meristem does not correspond to any known meristem in other vascular plants.

Rhizomorphs and rhizophores are sometimes compared, but the Selaginella rhizophore and the Isoëtes rhizomorph show differences in: (1) initiation pattern (exogenous or endogenous origin), (2) growth pattern (definite versus indefinite growth), (3) meristem structure (dome shaped with apical cell versus linear basal meristem with a layer of thin initials), and (4) number of roots produced (two versus many per apex) (Yi and Kato, 2001). The evolutionary relationships of these two root-producing organs, which are unique to the heterosporous ligulate lycopods, need further developmental studies. “

now, given, this all is about the basal meristem, not the shoot apical meristem. the book gives us a lot less info on the shoot, except for showing them developing with two cells similar to Selaginella, then noting on page 90 that within the family Isoetaceae, the genus Isoetes doesn’t branch while the genus Stylites does (note: technically there are only two genuses in the Isoetaceae family, with Isoetes being one and Stylites being the other, BUT there’s been a lot of debate as to whether or not Stylites really needs to be a genus of it’s own, and as a result some stuff will just flat out just not consider it one. as far as i know this has not been resolved). as for the white mutation; i don’t know enough about that as of now to make a guess at what would happen, but i mean. mutated isoetes

i’m writing this quick between classes so i can’t go through this chapter with a fine toothed comb, i’d recommend finding a copy if you want to look into it more (mine is from my university’s library).

#'the basal meristem does not correspond to any known meristem in other vascular plants'#that line absolutely kills me like. WHAT are these lads DOING out there in the marshes #asks #plont asks #isoetes #Anonymous

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abzanascendancy · 5 years

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In Today’s Magic Story...

The Gathering Storm: Chapter Two

Last time, Niv Mizzet got an idea! From Bolas! What could go wrong? This time, we got some Golgari stuff going down!

A midden is a dunghill or dump, usually of organic material.

Offal are entrails and internal organs used for food.

This first paragraph is a symphony! God I missed descriptive language!

Aha! We’re following Jarad here! Before his inevitable demise, I presume.

The Golgari really have it all. Bio-luminescent fungi for lights, couches covered in soft moss... That’s what’s separates them from Selesnya: Selesnya will just squat in a tree, while the Golgari will find a practical and beautiful use for every fungi for interior decoration.

Each planter was a corpse, or sometimes several corpses, carefully propped, cut, and arranged to promote the growth of some particular species of fungus.

I’m imagining Golgari growing competitions, where they’re judged not just on the fungi they grow, but also judge the corpse-planter.

“While Devesh’s latticed stinkhorn was the most lively, it wasn’t enough to make up for their disheveled corpse. Cevraya’s, on the other hand, was very well done. They guided the rhizomorphs to hold the corpse in place, freezing it in a pose of longing anguish. The planter and the fungus compliment one another, perfectly encompasing the cycle of life and death.” -- Excerpt from a Golgari Fungi competition, probably.

Here a man sat with his legs crossed, head tipped back, vast yellow-white stalk growing out of his eyes; beside him a woman arched her back, her chest sectioned and peeled back to allow delicate blue fronds to reach up from her heart. Some of the fungi were so large and solid they grew around their hosts, leaving faces and limbs to jut out of quivering masses of gray-white flesh.

I didn’t read ahead and I was 100% right. Now I need to make a Golgari D&D character who wants to create the best rot sculpture ever.

Cilia is a very odd thing to call your inner council, especially when cilium are the hair-like things in your lungs.

Reminder that the Erstwhile serving Jarad & the Cilia here were raised by Mazirek to overthrow him. They’re playing the long con, I see...

Oh hey, Storrev! She’s on a card! What was ordered sealed, the door? Why would you want to seal it, Jarad? Hiding from a certain petrifying someone?

Cold Iron is a thing in Ravnica. Good against fae.

By god! That’s Vraska’s music!

And she brought her cutlass with her! You go, pirate queen!

Vraska walking in with her kraul allies. Time for retribution.

Blue and red facepaint, Jarad? Seriously? You’re in the Golgari, not Izzet.

"Vraska," he snarled. "I do not recall summoning you. Nor asking you to break down my door." "And here I am, nevertheless," Vraska said. "Funny, that."

We missed you so much!!!

The elves are scrambling out of the way, but the Erstwhile are staying at the ready. Looks like Jarad doesn’t have any allies in the room whatsoever. Courtesy of Nicol Bolas no doubt.

"Someone kill her," Jarad drawled.

You can just feel the laziness oozing out of him.

Ooh, the tattoos mean something! I wonder if different grades of blademaster have different insects, or if the type of mantis tattoo dictates which rank you are. Like at each level, more of it is added on.

Dang, Mazirek! Just melting someone so that only a skeleton remains! Shame you were somehow a pawn of Bolas. Still waiting for an explanation on that.

It’s rare for Kraul to be telepathic.

Really, Jarad? Wigs on the Erstwhile? Was that really necessary? And give the ladies more substantial clothes, you monster.

Jarad’s already dead, though at this point I assume people just use ‘kill’ for zombies and other undead just out of simplicity.

Jarad already throwing out racist remarks with ‘bug’. I’m glad we get to see him perish.

"Respect will do you very little good when you're rotting in my garden." Jarad grinned, bright and unhinged. "But enough of this! Put aside your grievances, and I will make you—" Vraka lashed out, a fast punch that caught Jarad on the nose with a solid crunch. He staggered backward, blood streaming over his upper lip.

^^accurate reenactment.

Ahhhh. Jarad turned back to Vraska, and now there was panic in his eyes. She drank it in like nectar. His mouth worked, hands clutching at his robe "You still won't get away with it," he muttered. "Enjoy your little victory. The rest of the elves—" "Have Erstwhile servants," Vraska said. "Don't they?"

This deserves an award. The Most Glorious ‘F*ck You’ Moment Award.

Jarad, why do you have a collar? Nevermind, I don’t want to know. You’re a statue now. And soon to be rubble, probably.

Ooh! Kaya story!

A bas-relief is a relief with a shallow depth.

Wow, Orzhov security is worse than the Izzet’s. Then again, there’s the flavor text for Cyclopean Snare: The spoiled, gluttonous halls of the Orzhov teem with gaudy, needless wealth. Even their security measures are made for beauty first, efficiency second.

Reminder that the Golgari are in charge of agriculture. That pear you’re eating? Probably grown from dear ol’ uncle bob.

Do you know what I want to see in the next core set? An Origin’s style set for enemy-colored walkers.

We don’t know anything ‘bout where Kaya’s from, apart from the fact that she’s from a noble family. And now that she’s been sliding through barriers most her life.

I’d like to see the first plane Ral planeswalked to. Maybe Kaladesh? Or speaking of which, where did Saheeli Rai go?

We don’t know much about the first plane Vraska planeswalked to, other than it was dark. I’m sure one of the Ixalan stories also mentioned she was imprisoned there too, but that may have been because she needed to master planeswalking.

Where did Kiora first planeswalk to? What gigantic beasts did she see? Did she go to Naya?

What about Nahiri? I’d suggest Huatli, but we know her story for the most part. It’d still be neat to see her on Kaladesh though.

Anyways, back to the story!

It’s nice comparing the decadence of the Golgari to that of the Orzhov. It’s an interesting juxtaposition.

The first rule of mercenary work was "never trust the client," and that was doubly true in the case of Nicol Bolas.

Like you trusted Emilio Revari at first?

OOH! Kaya’s plane has a broken sky!

Kaya needs new contacts if they insisted Nicol F*cking Bolas was trustworthy.

Kaya is the kind of assassin who’d leave you a letter detailing how pitiful your security was.

Gargoyles, despite being made of stone, can be silenced by jamming your fist down their throat. I’m going to chalk this up to ‘Orzhov spending money on realistic gargoyle statues.’

Dang, Kaya’s a professional! Carrying bandages with her to use on the job!

Typically, though, they didn't live—or continue to exist, or whatever—long enough to spread the lesson around, since they usually had few defenses against a foot of cold steel in their ghostly hearts.

Thank you Kaya, for being as confused as I am when referring on killing/destroying undead.

Rescue mission accomplished! Teysa is saved!

I think ‘mutual friend’ refers to Bolas here. Kaya’s being evasive about who it is, and as Bolas did direct Kaya to free Teysa, he would technically count as a mutual friend.

Later on in the story, Teysa knows she’s working with Bolas, but doesn’t want Tomik to know. And now we know another, if not the, reason Teysa didn’t want to see Kaya. Guilt, perhaps. Or just snubbing her because a war wasn’t what she wanted.

Teysa’s worried about the legalese of killing the Obzedat, while Kaya thinks she means the difficulty of killing ghosts.

More info on Kaya! Her family relationships are “complicated”.

"Let's not kill me off just yet." Kaya scratched her nose thoughtfully.

Yeah, it’s not as if you’re Dack Fayden. Aw, too soon?

Twisted Stem inn. Another location, one where Tomik frequents. I wonder if he and Ral--

Ah, another excellent story from Django Wexler! The Ghost Council get to live -- er, unlive? -- another day, but Jarad is dust! Great action scenes (which I’m not the best at commenting on) and great scenery, it was wonderful!

We got rot gardens! Fungus lights! Corpse planters! Lungs! Erstwhile! Splintering doors! A true pirate queen! Decadence! Laziness! Rot slime & skeletons! Punching right in the face! Uprising servants! Secrets! Revenge! Ostentatious & useless security! More decadence! Not trusting clients! Broken skies! Gargoyles! Professionalism! Contracts! Killing ghostly grandfathers! Murder plots! Inns!

And it looks like we won’t be getting any story for Core 2020, so... um...

When will the next Announcement Day be??? Stay tuned!

#Awards #Most Glorioius Fuck You Moment #Magic Story #Story #Today's Magic Story #Today's Magic Story...#In Today's Magic Story #In Today's Magic Story...#Mazirek #Vraska #Ravnica #Jarad #Kaya #Teysa #Tomik #Golgari #Orzhov

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nunoxaviermoreira · 4 years

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Stinkhorn fungus pops up when it rains .... astounding! by jungle mama I headed out to empty my trash and I was repelled by the smell of rotting flesh... or so it seemed until I noticed the strange geometric red forms of Stinkhorn fungi. Although their strong rotting smell is bad, these fungi aren't bad for your landscape and can actually be beneficial. Stinkhorns break down organic matter which is especially helpful in Florida’s naturally sandy, nutrient-poor soils. Stinkhorns break down mulch to make nutrients available for plants. Clathrus ruber is a species of fungus in the stinkhorn family, and the type species of the genus Clathrus. It is commonly known as the latticed stinkhorn, the basket stinkhorn, or the red cage, alluding to the striking fruit bodies that are shaped somewhat like a round or oval hollow sphere with interlaced or latticed branches. The fungus is saprobic, feeding off decaying woody plant material, and is often found alone or in groups in leaf litter on garden soil, grassy places, or on woodchip garden mulches. Although considered primarily a European species, C. ruber has been introduced to other areas, and now has a wide distribution that includes northern and southern Africa, Asia, Australia, and North and South America. The species was illustrated in the scientific literature during the 16th century, but was not officially described until 1729. The fruit body initially appears like a whitish "egg" attached to the ground at the base by cords called rhizomorphs. The egg has a delicate, leathery outer membrane enclosing the compressed lattice that surrounds a layer of olive-green spore-bearing slime called the gleba, which contains high levels of calcium that help protect the fruit body during development. As the egg ruptures and the fruit body expands, the gleba is carried upward on the inner surfaces of the spongy lattice, and the egg membrane remains as a volva around the base of the structure. The fruit body can reach heights of up to 20 cm (7.9 in). The color of the fruit body, which can range from pink to orange to red, results primarily from the carotenoid pigments lycopene and beta-carotene. The gleba has a fetid odor, somewhat like rotting meat, which attracts flies and other insects to help disperse its spores. Although the edibility of the fungus is not known with certainty, its odor would deter most from consuming it. C. ruber was not regarded highly in tales in southern European folklore, which suggested that those who handled the mushroom risked contracting various ailments. Stinkhorns are in the same order of fungi as puffballs and earthstars. They start out as white egg-like structures in mulch or other damp decomposing material. Most of the fungal structure is underground. When enough water is available, the egg-sac structure ruptures and the mature mushroom (the “stinkhorn”) emerges. The smell attracts ants and flies that carry Stinkhorn spores to other places. Depending on the type of stinkhorn, this mushroom is stalk-like, globular, or latticed. Stinkhorns vary in color but are usually red to orange in Florida. www.susanfordcollins.com https://flic.kr/p/2jnr6HC

#IFTTT #Flickr #fungus #stinkhorn #red #stink #geometric #susanfordcollins #biscayneparkflorida #clat

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smugtownmushrooms · 6 years

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Gooood morning! Obligatory mushroom selfie before I leave #flambouro #florina this week. Wasn't the best year for mushrooms here. It didn't rain for months. Only now did they start popping but so did the colds and snow. We're high up in the mountains. I'll be back. Next year and every year. Home away from home. Ancestral home Next year I plan to bring a small handful of helpful humans along for a 9 day tour of this glorious country. Mushroom hunting. Hot springs. The Mediterranean. Amazing food and wine. Wildlife. Traditional living. Spring water out of the faucet. That's a dope perk I'm offering on the #gofundme campaign I finally started promoting to help build our new space. You'll fall in love with this place. I'm fortunate to know where my roots come from. Rochester has lots to thank from this little village up in the corner of western Greece. You wouldn't have your garbage plates. Nick Tahou was the first to immigrate from the village to Rochester. @dogtownhots Wouldn't exist if those folks didn't join their families and establish their home there. Jays Diner. Olympia Restaurant. Only to name a few. Next year come with me #smugtownmushrooms #mycology #fungi #radicalmycology #mycelium #rhizomorphs #mushrooms #rochesterny #dinerbaby #graveyardmushrooms #armillariamellea #honeymushrooms #greece #hellas

#smugtownmushrooms #graveyardmushrooms #mycology #radicalmycology #mushrooms #honeymushrooms #hellas #dinerbaby #flambouro #greece #florina #gofundme #rochesterny #armillariamellea #fungi #rhizomorphs #mycelium

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global-innovations21 · 3 years

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Rhizome- Gilles Deleuze Felix Guattari: A Thousand Plateaus

“A rhizome as subterranean stem is absolutely different from roots and radicles. Bulbs and tubers are rhizomes. Plants with roots or radicles may be rhizomorphic in other respects altogether: the question is whether plant life in its specificity is not entirely rhizomatic. Even some animals are, in their pack form. Rats are rhizomes. Burrows are too, in all of their functions of shelter, supply, movement, evasion, and breakout. The rhizome itself assumes very diverse forms, from ramified surface extension in all directions to concretion into bulbs and tubers. When rats swarm over each other. The rhizome includes the best and the worst: potato and couchgrass, or the weed.” Deleuze and Guattari, Introduction: Rhizome

“The rhizome is altogether different, a map and not a tracing. “

“Perhaps one of the most important characteristics of the rhizome is that it always has multiple entryways;”

“Write to the nth power, the n - 1 power, write with slogans: Make rhizomes, not roots, never plant! Don't sow, grow offshoots! Don't be one or multiple, be multiplicities! Run lines, never plot a point! Speed turns the point into a line!24 Be quick, even when standing still! Line of chance, line 25 of hips, line of flight. Don't bring out the General in you! Don't have just ideas, just have an idea (Godard). Have short-term ideas. Make maps, not photos or drawings.”

https://moodle.bcu.ac.uk/pluginfile.php/7153222/mod_resource/content/1/deleuzeguattarirhizome.pdf

https://moodle.bcu.ac.uk/pluginfile.php/7682290/mod_resource/content/0/DG%20introduction%20Rhizome.pdf - powerpoint slides

Deleuze and Guattari`s text was really difficult to read and understand however stepping into the text space with an open mind helped me understand slightly better and get better grips on to the concept of Rhizomes from both philosophers.

From what I could grasp from the text was that Rhizomes have a relation to roots, they spread underground, with no direction, no beginning and no end, its has many relations and connections like the human mind and the learning process, Rhizome is a process.

Reflecting upon the text I started to wonder how I could mix rhizomes and practice together into a sustainable project?

With my project potentially being based about walking, experience and perception there are many intersections that can happen throughout the process of interpreting and experiencing the surroundings. Keeping in mind that my aim is to change the public`s perception and to rethink and reconnect with the outdoors and immediate surroundings. Exploring cites, streets and towns with different intersections and networks of travel and viewing a range of objects ( animate or inanimate) theres that connection between cities and rhizomes.

Based upon the botanical term `rhizome` it has interconnecting points of thought which form assemblages of various elements: organic and inorganic, animate and inanimate, that exist moment to moment, connected, connecting and reconnecting defined not by an essence, but rather ‘solely by the circulation of different states’ (Deleuze and Guattari,)

Rhizome always remains an open network, as connections are never finalised into a permanent, fixed structure.

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