One of the things that I learned from the Ogham alphabet is to go outside and get to known the trees that are connected to the letters of this medieval Celtic alphabet. Several years ago I made this painting of the first tree in the Ogham, Beithe or birch. Lately I've taken up the journey again, to learn more about the ogham, the lore of the letters, the magic and myth connected to it, and of course the trees that represent the letters and the land they grow in. A natural way for me to connect with something is to make a drawing or painting of it - as I did with Beithe. This year and the next I am planning to complete this series.
Hello♡, there are any differences between norse and celtic runes? If so what are they?
Ohmygosh, hi friend, I'm so sorry, I thought I had already answered this!
From my research, yes, there is a difference between Nordic runes and the Celtic Ogham.
Runes are a part of an ancient alphabet used by the Germanic peoples as a way of communication, to create spells, and forms of protection.
All runes were used by the Nordic folk, and runes have been found in England, Greece, and Greenland.
The Celts did not have runes. They only had the Ogham, which consisted of four sets of strokes, or notches, each set containing five letters composed of from one to five strokes, thus giving 20 letters. These were incised along the edge of a stone, often vertically or from right to left.
This is my first ogham reading in weeks, and I must say its auspicious message is very fitting as we approach Bealtaine, the Gaelic May Day festival. There's a tl;dr below.
𝘉𝘦𝘵𝘩 (birch) indicates that it's time to blaze a new trail, to start down a new path, unhindered by the burdens of our past, be it unhelpful or harmful beliefs, behaviours or people. This Spring (Autumn if you are in the Southern hemisphere), we are called to walk as holy fools, light-footed and enamoured with life. We are to embark upon a quest for 𝘱𝘢𝘴𝘴𝘪𝘰𝘯. It's time to live truly unencumbered from the narratives and traumas that have been keeping us behind, both individiually and collectively. It's time to decolonise our minds, our bodies, and our societies. It's time to finally walk proud and free.
𝘛𝘪𝘯𝘯𝘦 (holly) in this reading warns us that we will be severely tried - mentally, spiritually and, for some of us, physically as well. But stick to your course, push through the fire, the smoke (and the CS gas) because if you do, your branches will bear blood-red berries - your iron tested and tempred by the battle-flames.
If we stick it through, if we make it to the end of the path, 𝘤𝘰𝘭𝘭 (hazel) indicates that the reward we will reap is no less than 𝘦𝘢𝘨𝘯𝘢í𝘰𝘤𝘩𝘵: wisdom, knowledge, inspiration, enlightment... Which in Gaelic tradition is not abstract, disconnected knowledge, but a deep knowing of ourselves and of the world around us - a grounded, embodied, holistic, 𝘤𝘢𝘳𝘯𝘢𝘭 enlightenment. Burn baby burn.
tl;dr
𝘉𝘦𝘵𝘩 urges us to set out on a new path, free and unburded
𝘛��𝘯𝘯𝘦 warns us that we will be tried and tested - but don't give up. Don't you dare give up.
𝘊𝘰𝘭𝘭 promises us that, if we stick it through, we will earn 𝘦𝘢𝘨𝘯𝘢í𝘰𝘤𝘩𝘵 - embodied wisdom, a deep knowing of ourselves and of the world around us.
would anyone be interested in divinatory readings from me? i do tarot, runes, dice, and ogham, and would love to practice some more. shoot me an ask if you want a reading - free, of course.
The beech tree is a tree of learning, a symbol of prosperity and success. When walking through a beech forest, the large trees with the smooth, silver-grey bark and the curves created by the trunk and branches are like a living elephant or rhinoceros, giving you a sense of relief all year round.
In spring, the beech forests are bright and breezy, and the bluebells are in full bloom, the contrast between the dazzling young leaf colours and the blue announces that 'spring has come'. In spring, the beech spreads soft, translucent, golden-green leaves with a fan-like shape, and in summer these leaves eventually become hard and dark green in colour, changing to yellow, reddish brown or golden in autumn. It is an essential tree for the forest.
The beech tree symbolises the written word, human innate wisdom and ancient knowledge. In olden times, writing was written on beech wood, and the first books were made by binding thinly cut beech wood. Before that, they were scrolls.
The beech tree is associated with deities of wisdom, knowledge and intelligence, such as Odin in Norse mythology, who brought us the runes, or the inventor of the Ogham script; the great warrior of the Tuatha Dé Danann; the monstrous strength of the eighty oxen; and the Celtic god, the sun-faced Ogma. And because of its connection with the creation of the secret code alphabet, it is also a symbol of divination and prophecy.
I will start by saying that every individual is different, and so the methods for one person almost certainly won't ring true for all people, but I'm going to do my best to cover what I believe are the most important aspects of my own divination methods.
1. My Tools are Only Tools
While I care deeply about the quality and care of my divination tools (my rune and ogam sets) at the end of the day they are mearly the tools I use to see the 'tapestry' of the future, or present in some cases. My tools may work a little differently (my ogam tends to lean more towards the emotional aspects of situations and speak in a more poetic fashion, while my runes tend to be pretty blunt and more straight forward) I don't personify them. THEY are not telling me what I'm reading, they are just the means by which I'm able to read.
2. Context is Key
Context when reading is absolutely EVERYTHING. The same stave could have dozens of different interpretations depending on the context of whats around it and the same 6 staves could have a dozen interpretations in the context of an individuals life. A reading discussing the persons ability to nurture and need to learn quickly could apply equally well to someone about to become a parent or someone entering a helping profession. Context is EVERYTHING.
3. Intuition is just as Important as Memorization
People tend to spend a lot of time and energy on memorizing the 'textbook' meanings of each tool that they're using. This is important because obviously you need to be able to speak the language of your tools in order to translate their meanings but I have been preforming divination for 10+ years and I ALWAYS have a quick reference on hand because KNOWING what is being said is more important practically than having the book meanings memorized. This idea feeds back into context, because a staves true meaning in a reading is based on the context of the staves around it and no book can account for all possible contexts.
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They’re Nordic, wouldn’t they be Anglo Saxon runes based on the time? Or some sort of Celtic equivalent?
Which. Does the sword = norse or like, type of sword ≠ Norse???
Basically. Just a general Excalibur question and whether it’s historically correct.
Bonus: What do the runes even mean, I know they’re a random sequence and not what they say it means in the show buuttt…. 🤷♀️
The Problem of Runes
The runes used in the show are Elder Futhark, an anglo-saxon/norseman language in a time when one of the larger enemy forces are the anglo-saxons. Which… doesn’t make a lot of sense. Interestingly, should the sword exist, at the time they'd have used Latin letters, since Romans had already come and begun slowly making people Christian. Funnily enough, Old English only came after Arthur's time in real history. They most likely were also speaking Old Welsh/Hen Gymraeg. I think I may have mentioned it before, who knows, but language is diverse. Language in a post-roman conquest after rome also leaves but anglo-saxons haven’t shown up, even worse. Likely, it wasn’t all simple as it is in the show (due to audience understandings) and likely each Kingdom had its own language/dialect and the different parts of their land also had their own dialects. Likely, around Camelot to Mercia, and back to Caerleon, it’s likely that the language would have links to Latin, at least in the upper class due to Latin being the language of government and writing, but it wouldn’t be the only thing about.
But back to Futhark, my base understanding is that in Britain, there is roughly a period between 400-900 in which artifacts with Runes of this type are found, although they did exist up to 1066 until the Norman Conquest, while King Arthur exists anywhere from 420-1100 (give or take - the show has of course anachronisms[Tomato / Potato / Sandwhich / Silk dresses for Morgana], but it also, then, has dragons).
Also, Ogham may be used if they wanted a more ‘mystic’ feel of inscription. The language is attributed to the Druids, the irish, the pictish, and would use 20 letters.
According to the High Medieval Briatharogam, an irish literature explanation for kennings on the ogham alphabet, trees can be ascribed to specific letters. There is scholarly debate, however, if Ogham is a cipher based on either Germanic runes, Elder Futhark, Greek alphabet, or even Latin. This is due, largely to the “H/Z” letters present in Ogham, but unused in Irish and the vocalic/consonantal variant of “U” vs “W”. And again, at the time, Latin in Roman Britannia, specifically southern and the west, would be prominent (and outside of Ireland, the highest concentration of Ogham is in Wales).
T - Tinne - Holly = Overcoming challenge
A - Ailm - White Fir = Look to past for future understandings
C - Coll - Hazel = Inspire others through skill/wisdom
E - Eadhadh - Poplar = Face challenge with determination
M - Muin - Vine = Trust intuition/Relax
E - Eadhadh - Poplar = Face challenge with determination
U - Ur - Heather = Healing and respite time
P - Peith - soft Birch = New beginnings, change, good fortune
-
C - Coll - Hazel = Inspire others through skill/wisdom
A - Ailm - White Fir = Look to past for future understandings
S - Sail - Willow = Period of learning
T - Tinne - Holly = Overcoming challenge
M - Muin - Vine = Trust intuition/Relax
E - Eadhadh - Poplar = Face challenge with determination
A - Ailm - White Fir = Look to past for future understandings
U - Ur - Heather = Healing and respite time
A - Ailm - White Fir = Look to past for future understandings
Y - Eamhancholl = wisdom/understanding
(Notably Ogham does not have a ‘w’ as a letter so substituting of the sound /u/ is done or with a soft /v/ sound - same with the dual C as there isn’t a K (from what i can tell))
Translation
Based on Arthurian ‘lore’, there are two base sayings that are inscribed on Arthur’s blade “Take me up, cast me away.” This comes from Tennyson'sIdylls of the King, within which the sword is inscribed with the "oldest tongue of all this world". Should the sword be pulled from a rock and anvil, there is often the inscription accompanining it saying "Whoso pulleth out this sword of this stone and anvil is likewise King of all England" (or something to that degree) which is seen in Malory’s works.
To receive an answer of what should be on the sword and what is, is very different. And I am shamelessly pulling from Merlin.fandom as this has been a conversation before. “The runes on the Excalibur in the picture say 'ahefemupwiithstr' which isn't really a word” (https://merlin.fandom.com/f/p/2608657942446217361) However, that’s not to say someone didn’t solve what it should be written as “Translation for "Take Me Up" • Tiwaz - Ansuz - Kenaz - Ewhaz • Mannaz - Ewhaz • Uruz - Perthro • / Translation for "Cast Me Away" • Kenaz - Ansuz - Soliow - Thurasaz • Mannaz - Ewhaz • Ansuz - Wunjo - Ansuz •”
Now, these runes given for the saying do indeed spell out Take me up/Kast me away, this is written with the intention of spelling the words completely assuming no ideography (using what the letters mean[as you ask] rather than what they show: Tiwaz meaning Tyr/Sky god + order/justice / Ansuz meaning As/Odin + order/inspiration/sovereign power / Kenaz being Beacon/Torch + knowledge/tradition/hearth / Ewhaz being Horse + transportation/Steady progress/change / Mannaz meaning Man/Mankind + The Self/human race/mortality / Uruz being Auroch/Ox + Physical Strength/speed/untamed potential / Perthro meaning Lot Cup/Vagina + Feminine Mysteries/occult/secrets/initiation /// Soliow being The Sun + Success/honour/health / Thurasaz(or redoing Tiwaz potentially in the spelling of it) meaning Thorn/Giant + defense/conflict/catharsis/purging / Wunjo being Joy + Comfort/pleasure/harmony --- In my understanding of these, it feels like “take me up” in these runes has indications of taking a throne, bringing in order to the human race, whereas “cast me away” has similar lettering but implicates successes having been done and a conflict having been finished, thus ‘casting away’ the sword once the battle is done).
The show, as mentioned above, has the engraving that translates to 'ahefemupwiithstr' and I’m going to save myself a bit of research and info dumping by going to another source, and I also, unfortunately, don’t know how to link things in Tumblr so we get to suffer screenshots - but do check out the original link: https://dollopheadedmerlin.tumblr.com/post/149429230626/so-guys-im-thinking-of-making-a-replica-of#notes,
Sword Types
Anglo-Saxon swords comprised two-edged straight, flat blades. The tang of the blade was covered by a hilt, which consisted of an upper and lower guard, a pommel (often decorated depending on need and use), and a grip by which the sword was held.
At the time BBC depicts Merlin, the Anglo-Saxons have yet to conquer Britain, thus implying the soldiers wouldn’t likely be using an anglo-saxon sword, however, they could be considering the flow of ideas surpasses the flow of war I suppose.
Excalibur has been depicted from everything from a Roman Gladius (likely in earlier prose when King Arthur existed near the time of Post-Roman Britain, and there are stories with King Arthur and Julius Ceasar meeting, which is very… interesting), to a medieval longsword. Based off the hilt and pommel of Excalibur that we see, it appears to be almost a form of Claymore/Broadsword or Longsword.
However, these range roughly 1100-1700s. In the myths we have, Excalibur is never actually described. However, in modern depictions (film and artwork) it is typically depicted as a form of arming sword, that is, one-handed straight+long-bladed with a double-edge with a crossguard. Which, is reasonable, this style was very popular in the middle ages.
The depiction of Excalibur, in my opinion, is fitting to the 10th and 13th century forms of such swords (the 13th century has that fancy pommel at the end that the sword has in the show). However, your ask was more is this sword norse? Which, the depiction given is kind of in answer, due to the style given at what should be 5th century >< which may look something more similar to this with shorter crossguards while maintaining the circular pommel. Also to note, the term Pommel connects to anglo-normal “little apple” as it was an enlarged fitting at the top of the handle.
Daily witch workshop of mine 💚 made some standard protective pendants and did some staves for the new Ogham sets. My darling 🐱 Cesare is always so curious about what’s the wooden/witchy hell is going on.