#one piece cover 678

[teigo-the-explorer]

Rocks and Rinthonians

MAIN MASTER LIST 

Request: Hi I’m a huge dr who fan and I love your work it’s possible do you think you could create a piece with the 11th doctor where they are on a planet fighting some Daleks and the reader gets injured but hides it until they are back at the Tardis where the reader collapses, then the doctor sees the blood and realized what’s happened and has to stitch her up. Thanks

Pairings: 11th doctor x reader

Warning: Typical Doctor Who Violence, angst, blood, and injuries

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“Let’s go to a mining planet, he said! There are pretty rocks, he said!” You mocked. 

The Doctor flashed you a glare. “It’s not my fault I didn’t know the planet was enslaved by Daleks!”

An explosion thundered nearby as scorching sparks flew in the air. Each spark reached out hoping to burn your skin. The Doctor quickly yanked you to the ground for cover. 

“EXTERMINATE!” The robotic voice of the nearby Daleks loomed over you and the Doctor. 

It was getting hard to focus on anything else besides that cold metallic voice. A unanimous voice you grew to know too well for your comfort. 

The Doctor’s brown hair flopped around as he peeked over the edge of the container you two were hiding behind. He glanced around the room, listening for any trace of the Daleks amongst the chaos of the planet. You didn’t understand how he could focus on anything and everything else besides the threat of death. 

You, on the other hand, were finding it hard to breathe as you closed your eyes and wished you had just stayed on the TARDIS and slept in just like you had promised yourself. 

“Right,” The Doctor said as he crouched back down next to you. “Not long before we reach the control room…” The Doctor’s voice trailed off as he noticed your panicked state. 

The next thing you knew his gentle hand was cupping your cheeks and his sparkling green eyes were staring right at yours. “We’re going to make it.” He comforted. His thumb trailed along your cheek as he raised his lips to kiss your forehead. “I’m going to grab your hand and then we’re going to run. I’m going to say some fancy words. We’ll stop the Daleks and save the day. How’s that sound?” He whispered against your skin. 

You find the courage to nod your head. 

“Good.” The Doctor smiled. Then he grabbed your hand. “Run!” 

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“Welcome to Rinth-678! One of the Rurn galaxy's greatest mining planets.” The Doctor spread his arms out as if presenting the planet to you. 

Like most planets you visited, the view always left you speechless. Even after all the time you spent travelling with the strange man with an even stranger blue box, you never got used to the sight of a new planet. The Doctor had promised you rocks and rocks you got. Icy blue mountains peaked up far above the clouds. The sight reminded you of the glaciers you and the Doctor had visited back on earth except these ones towered over you. You were sure they were ten times larger than Mount Everest. A belief that was soon confirmed by the Doctor as he spewed facts and information about the planet. From the taste of the soil to the economy of the planet. 

“The Rinthonians rely on their mining. An ounce of the ore could provide an entire ship with a whole year's worth of power!” The Doctor exclaimed as he led you around the planet like your own personal tour guide. 

You spun around trying to take in as much of the landscape as you could before the Doctor practically dragged you to a nearby city. It didn’t take long before the two of you snuck off into the mining facility armed with the trusty psychic paper. 

You always enjoyed seeing what the paper came up with each time its use would come in handy. This time you were Chief Mining Inspectors. Well, you were and the Doctor was your assistant. The Rinth planets believed in the superiority of the female sex. A treatment you were not quite used to back on Earth. Soon after, a guide was presented and then you and the Doctor were led straight to the source…and right into the hands of the Daleks. 

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“Daleks. Daleks, DALEKS. You messed with the wrong Doctor–wait, no that doesn’t work,” The Doctor whipped his head over to where you stood in the control room. 

“I think you’re looking for ‘the wrong man’,” You so graciously suggested. 

The Doctor smiled and returned to glare at the Daleks. “What she said.”

“Enough,” The lead Dalek enunciated. “The Doctor and the companion will be exterminated!” Then a chorus of EXTERMINATE sang throughout the facility. One would think you were in a church with how commanding the phrase was. 

“Ah, let me stop you right there. You see this?” The Doctor pointed to the console beside him. His sonic screwdriver was ready to release the signal. 

The Daleks were silent as they eyed the Doctor carefully. “You cannot stop the Daleks!” The Daleks sang once more. 

“See that’s where you’re wrong.”

“The Daleks can never be wrong!” The Dalek bellowed. 

“Just shut up will you!” You barked at the Dalek who turned to look at you. Its electric blue eye narrowed in on you. 

“You see, long ago when the power of the ore was discovered,” the Doctor explained, “The Rinthonians were smart, they knew that the power of the ore could get into the wrong hands, so what did they do…?” The Doctor turned to look at you as if he was a teacher calling on a student for an answer. 

“...They created a safeguard?” You muttered. 

“Exactly! Ten points to Hufflepuff! The Rinthonians, you know what they did, Daleks? They found a frequency that destroys the ore. It hit it at the core causing the ore to lose all sources of power. Brilliant people, the Rinthonians!”

The Doctor raised his sonic screwdriver and pressed a few buttons before pointing it back at the console. “In a few seconds, I will release the frequency, and with the boost of the sonic screwdriver, all the ore you have collected Daleks, all the ore on the planet will lose all power. The very power that keeps you and the other Daleks here alive. Boo ya!” 

The Dalek began to quiver and shake. “EXTERMINATE!” It shouted just as the Doctor turned on the frequency. 

It was hard to see what happened next. Sparks flew, lights went out, the Daleks screamed, and you fell to the floor. It hurt. You couldn’t tell if it was just going dark or if you were losing sight. You could only hear a loud ringing…Suddenly there was the Doctor. You could practically feel the worry dripping from his fingertips as he held your head in his hands. 

“I’m fine…” You croaked as your senses came back to you. 

Then you were enveloped in a hug. The Doctor was hugging you. Now everything seemed to move so fast. One minute you were in the control room of the facility and the next you and the Doctor were being paraded throughout the city like heroes. You smiled as the Rinthonians thanked you for freeing them from the Dalek’s control. Your smile grew tense as you felt something wet drip down your side. It hurt. Why was it hurting? Next thing you knew, you were back in the TARDIS. 

Home. The TARDIS chirped and whirred to life the moment you and the Doctor stepped back into her safe confines. The Doctor was brushing off the dust and wiping away his sweat before flicking some controls. His mouth was moving, but you couldn’t hear his voice. Why couldn’t– The next thing you noticed were the black spots in your vision. Was the world always this swirly? You took a step forward falling flat into the darkness.

━━━━ ⋆⋅☆⋅⋆ ━━━━

Then there was light. It was a piercing and painful light, but soon the colours came into view. Colours became shapes. Shapes became figures. You smiled as you saw a mop of floppy brown hair resting near your hands. You felt compelled to run your hands through the hair, so you did. It was softer than you could have ever imagined. 

The Doctor sighed before shooting up in his seat next to your bed. His eyes were wide and alert as he looked over you. His view began to water when he saw your smile. Then he heard your voice. Oh, how he wished to take a picture and capture this moment forever. A moment that is never affected by time or space. A moment that never wilts like a rose or fades from view. This was forever. You were forever. 

“Doctor?” You whispered. Your voice was dry and coarse. 

The Doctor can’t control what happened next. He blamed it on the gleam in your eyes. You were alive. The flush in your cheeks said so. The breath in your lungs. He wished to breathe the same air as you. He wished to run his fingers over your cheeks. He wished to and so he did. 

Your eyes widened as his lips met yours. You smiled against his lips as he kissed you. You couldn’t help but kiss back. Then he pulled back. 

“Doctor?” You said again.��

His forehead came to rest on yours. His nose brushed against your nose. The two of you shared the same breath–The same life. 

“Don’t you ever do that again, my wonder girl.”

“Wasn’t planning on it, Star-boy.”

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Comment below if you would like to be added to the Doctor Who tag list!

Tag list:  @bartokthealbinobat​

━━━━ ⋆⋅☆⋅⋆ ━━━━

#doctor who #Matt Smith #BBC Doctor Who #11th Doctor #doctor who fandom #the tardis #the doctor #doctor who dalek #dalek #outer space #reader #reader insert #no use of y/n #the doctor x reader #11th doctor x reader #11th doctor x you #doctor who x reader #companion reader #doctor who bbc #bbc #matt smith!doctor #smith!doctor #mattsmith!doctor #matt smith!doctor x reader #x you #the doctor x you #the doctor x y/n #oneshot #doctor who one shot #exterminate

[potatomountain]

"Case: It's You" Spoiler 2

Another spoiler/snippet but for chapter 2 of the series.

pairing:detective ateez ot8 x detective reader

word count: 678

network: @pirateeznet

masterlist

Truce or not you didn't expect things to be easy, even if they said the work would be.

You started off the day with unboxing your things: setting up your desk organizers, the cute pieces you used to bring some joy, but mostly pictures. One of getting your detective badge, one with you and your father who was a former detective himself, and one with-

Staring down at the photograph, your chest was tight; it was the first Christmas party with your last unit, all nine of you in chaotic Christmas cheer. Your eyes lingered on Chan a moment longer before you set the photograph back in the box. He wasn't your Captain anymore, your superior nor your friend; not after he recommended you get transferred.

Eventually you could stand to look at the picture again, it wasn't just Chan in it after all: it was your whole unit, who you adored. It was just raw right now, that's what you told yourself. You did set up the picture of you and Hyunjin at Disney, as well as one with you and Minho with the cat you had gotten him as a graduation gift from the academy.

The rest of your items were just office supplies you liked to use for organization and more. Easy enough setup that you were staring at the items unsure what to do now. You still needed a chair, having ordered one yesterday to be here some time today. Seonghwa had said he'd supply the phone, but there was none in sight. You didn't think he would go back on his word so soon, so wrote off it's absence for now.

Luckily you had brought your laptop, and while you no longer had access to your old unit, you should have some here. 

That was much more limited than you thought, cursing under your breath as you attempted to access files- even the files of the detectives here were classified, which raised some questions. You were a part of this unit, you should be able to see who you are working with. 

In theory that was the case, but you had to resort to a good ol’ Google search of the names you knew.

Vice-Captain of the crime syndicate unit, Detective Park Seonghwa- all that came up was his name and a lot of articles about his parents who ran Park Pharmaceuticals. So a rich kid who went into law enforcement as opposed to business like the rest of his family? Interesting.

Detective Song Mingi- a few articles of a brief mention of him as a first responder, all in successful chases. So he was a good driver? Erratic maybe. You couldn’t find anything else on him, not from Google at least, unless the dating profile for tinder that came up was his but you hoped not.

Detective Jeong Yunho- an article of a Jeong Yunho receiving an award for saving a kids’ life, but there was much more on his parents. In particular his father, a former detective who was shot and killed in a standoff with a well known, and still running, crime syndicate family. Well, he made sense.

Next was Kang Yeosang, however nothing popped up in the search engine. You tried again, adding keywords to help the search and yet still nothing. No police articles. No name on graduation lists. You started a deeper search, attempting to look at any mention of this unit in general but once more you came up empty handed. He was a ghost, and the unit itself was one to the public eye.

Definitely fishy. Even with their work, there should be some mention of this unit somewhere. You could remember media outlets covering the older unit before- so why was this one practically nonexistent?

You were getting frustrated with the lack of results, instead moving on to the final detective whose name you could remember: Choi Jongho. As soon as you put the name into the search engine however, your laptop was forced shut, a figure looming over you and holding it closed.

Taglist(form): @wowie-hockey | @crispybaguettes | @tiny-apocalypse | @philijack | @lelaleleb | @idfkeddieishot | @amphiroxx  | @cloudysannie | @fire-and-flame | @sugarnspice630 | @hongjoongswifefr | @candypop1611 | @vannabanana1995  | @piratequeen-queenofgames | @starstruckforyou | @minheeskitten |

#ateez #ateez fanfic #ateez x reader #ateez ot8 #ateez yeosang #ateez hongjoong #ateez yunho #ateez mingi #ateez seonghwa #ateez fanfiction #ateez au #ateez fic #ateez jongho #ateez san #ateez wooyoung #ateez x y/n #ateez x you #ateez spoiler #case its you #ciy #related to ciy #ciy spoiler #fanfic spoiler

[niki-phoria]

a may be a short fic for like jay leaving the house and m/n tried to cook but accidentally burnt it and caught by jay then end up jay helping m/n while he was back hugging m/n hehe

pairing: jay x male!reader (no pronouns used) genre: fluff word count: 678

includes: established relationship, changed this slightly to just jay helping reader learn how to cook, sorry if this is messy i wasn't really sure how to write the actual cooking part lol

a/n: thank you for requesting !! i hope you like it :))

you push your phone onto your bedside table before turning to lay on your side. you softly smile to yourself as you study the boy laying next to you. jay’s messy fringe perfectly frames his face - still damp from the shower he had taken earlier. a thin pair of glasses sits on the bridge of his nose. one of your old t-shirts hangs loosely off of his broad shoulders. 

“you’re doing that thing again,” he murmurs. you silently watch as he sets his phone down before turning to face you. 

“what thing?” you chuckle.

“the puppy dog eyes you only do when you want me to do something for you.”

a gasp of faux offense escapes you. you dramatically roll onto your back, bringing a hand up to cover your heart. “you always assume the worst of me,” you huff.

“okay, okay,” jay laughs. he shifts even closer to you, leaning over your body to look down at you. “i’m sorry, baby. what do you need?”

“i’m hungry. will you help me make dinner? please?”

jay smiles brightly. he leans down to pull you into a sweet peck before he nods. “of course, love. come on.” you intertwine your hands together as you follow him into your kitchen. “what do you want to make?”

“japchae.” he smiles at your enthusiasm, helping you grab a variety of leftover vegetables and meat from the fridge. you set a pot of water to boil on the stove before slowly adding the noodles in to cook for a few minutes. the thin noodles swirl around when you stir them with a large, wooden spoon before putting the lid back onto the pot.

“y/n,” jay’s soft voice catches your attention. a cutting board and knife sit on your countertop near the sink. a variety of vegetables lay surrounding them on the counter. “come here.”

his arms snake around your waist from behind as you move to stand in front of the cutting board. he leans his head down to rest against your shoulder, carefully observing each of your movements. “let me know if you need any help,” he murmurs, pressing a kiss against your shoulder. 

you hum as you reach over to grab an onion. it rolls slightly along the cutting board as you slice a piece of the onion out of the side before peeling the first few layers of skin off. “how do i dice it?” 

“here,” jay smiles, reaching over to put his hands on top of yours. “use your knuckles to guide the knife so you don’t cut yourself.”

you let him maneuver your hands into the correct position before slowly guiding the knife down to hit the plastic cutting board below. you cut the onion into thin slices before turning them so you can cut the slices horizontally. “like that?” you ask.

“that’s perfect,” jay smiles. he slips away from behind you to turn the stove off before draining the water from the pot. he sets a frying pan over the still-heated burner before adding a small drop of oil into the center. the noodles sizzle when they hit the pan.

you use the knife to gather the diced onion between the blade and your hand before dropping them onto the noodles. jay smiles, nodding in approval. “do you want to do the rest while i make the sauce?”

“okay,” you nod. you carefully replicate the movements jay had taught you previously, gliding the blade into bell peppers and tofu until they were cut into small pieces. you’re nearly dancing around the kitchen beside jay as you work in tandem to add each new ingredient into the stir fry. 

“here,” jay pauses, using his chopsticks to fish out a few of the noodles. he holds a hand underneath your chin as he blows on them before raising the food up to your lips. “is it good?”

he chuckles when you perk up at the taste, frantically nodding. “it’s delicious,” you smile. 

jay reaches over to press a kiss against your temple. “that’s because you helped make them.” 

personal note: fics might be coming out as fast/more focused on what i have inspiration to write in the moment for now. i've been stuck in a cycle of dysphoria and depression lately that's really impacted my motivation and my mental health lately as well as just general stress. i hope to start writing more frequently soon but until then thank you for all of the support <33

#jay x reader #jay x male reader #enha x reader #enha x male reader #enha soft hours #enha soft thoughts #enha fluff #enha x you #enha x y/n #enha imagine #enha one shot #enha scenario #enha drabble #jay imagine #jay one shot #jay scenario #jay drabble #jay fluff #jay x you #jay x y/n #enhypen x reader #enhypen x male reader #enhypen fluff #enhypen imagine #enhypen one shot #enhypen x you #enhypen x y/n #enhypen drabble #enhypen scenario #male reader

[p-taryn-dactyl]

july

a/n: hey everyone! i was listening to this song the other day and i just really wanted to write a fic around it! this is based around july by noah cyrus

word count: 678

warning(s): angst - emotionally abusive relationship(?) (ok why are Nat fics so angsty? imma write a fluff piece afterwards for her to balance it out)

You sat with your knees pulled close to your chest, silent tears streaming down your face. You held your breath, your mind a mantra of numbers. 

    1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10

Natasha’s words rang through your head, each repeated syllable caused another wave of panic and nausea to overcome you. 

Why do you have to be a burden all the time, Y/N. God, my job is hard enough without your nagging.

You tried to keep the sobs contained in your chest as you rocked back and forth on the bed, Natasha’s side unused and cold. She was probably at the bar, you thought, that’s where she always went after an argument. She would stumble back in around 3am, breath smelling of beer and some other girls perfume.

But you never said anything. You didn’t want to annoy her anymore than you already did.

You didn’t want to loose her completely. She still came home to you, didn’t she? That had to mean something.

It wasn’t a secret that you were afraid of change. You guessed thats why your relationship with Natasha stayed the same, never changing from the nights of eating dinner alone, sitting still while Natasha yelled at you, waiting for her to come home reeking of alcohol and infidelity.

You wished she would just tell you to leave, kick you out. You wished you would come home one day to her shoving your things in suitcases, forcing you out of your shared apartment. That would allow you to leave, allow her to find someone that she wouldn’t fall out of love with, someone who wouldn’t bother her with mundane questions of whether or not she was okay, how the mission went. Find someone who loved her better than you did.

Natasha reminded you everyday of how she could find someone better, that your relationship, your love, wasn’t enough for her. She reminded you everyday that you weren’t enough, yet you still stayed with her.

You don’t know when your relationship went south. You look back on the romantic dates and forehead kisses like one does on a fading memory.

You don’t know what you did to make her fall out of love.

It felt like a lifetime since you were happy. Like centuries had passed since Natasha last smiled at you with love shining in her eyes. You knew everyone had to make mistakes in life and surely you had done a lot of things wrong. Loving Natasha was one of them. Falling in love with her had to be one of the biggest mistakes of your life. Because now, she was no longer in love with you and you can’t move on. You felt like you were dying inside with each passing day filled with dreading every second.

You heard the front door open, Natasha’s drunken footsteps echoing through the halls. She stumbled a few times, bumping into the walls. When she opened the bedroom door, all she did was stare at you blankly. You avoided her gaze, not wanting her to see the tears in your eyes and staining your cheeks. Instead, you looked at your closet, where your suitcase was stored. Maybe today she would kick you out, tell you to leave. Maybe today she would set you free from the prison you trapped yourself in.

“Why are you still awake?” Her cold voice cut through the silence as she slurred her words. You maneuvered yourself under the covers of the bed, pulling the blanket up to your chin. You shrugged in response to her question. Natasha scoffed.

“Really? No answer?”

You sniffed, wiping away stray tears as you once again shrugged in response. Natasha shook her head as she changed into her pajamas, coming to sit next to you in bed. Her eyes bore into you as she took in your shaking form, you had obviously been crying. While guilt blended through her system, you braced yourself for the words she had spoken to you every night.

After all, she reminded you everyday you weren’t enough but you still stayed.

Why would tonight be any different?

a/n: no matter how excited i was to write this, i feel like i butchered it. But thank you for reading! I hope this wasn’t as bad as i think it is.

#natasha romanoff #natasha romanoff x reader #natasha romanoff x you #natasha x reader #natasha x y/n #natasha romonova #natasha romanov #natasha romanoff fanfic #natasha romanoff fic #natasha x you #my writing #natasha romanoff imagine #natasha romanoff angst #natasha imagine #natasha romanoff reader insert #natasha fic #natasha fanfiction #natasha angst #black widow #black widow x you #black widow x reader #black widow x y/n #black widow x female reader #black widow imagine #black widow fanfiction

[inlocusmads]

Trystan & Nora, Hot Sauce for the 100 words.

thank you so much for sending me a prompt Kyra!

worchestershire ~ trystan x nora

100 word drabble challenge for clear skin

Wc: ..678. I'm SORRY okay this kind of spiralled into something and im too stubborn to edit it out.

(I'm definitely not having clear skin after this)

“Clearly it is capsaicin. Dosing more than 12 grams is enough to cause significant harm.” Ruby brought out the test results.

“But the victim seems to have had a high tolerance for pain, considering she ordered a virgin bloody mary.” Trystan pointed at the receipt. “Surely the capsaicin found in the Tabasco sauce consumed would be less than the lethal dosage, no? She is also Thai, which means she definitely must have more than the average person's spice tolerance. I should know. I went to Chiang Mai. They had this competition at this restaurant and I -- am happy to report I finished third.”

“But what if capsaicin was added to her drink?”

“Does not make any sense. Her drink was covered.” Trystan showed her the picture. “And she had no reason to -- well, open the lid or anything, considering the drink was a sizable portion and she carried it around before she fainted. Unless the bartender had some kind of personal vendetta against her, she would have had no reason to die.”

“Nora?” Ruby asked. “What are you doing?”

“Going through her medical records.”

“I have gone through it twice. Nowhere does it say she is allergic to capsaicin.”

“Trystan, you're our drink connoisseur. What does a Bloody Mary contain again?”

“Hot sauce definitely. Tomato juice or extract of some tomato variety. Vodka is a must. A twist of lemon. Worchesure sauce-”

“Wor-what?” Nora asked.

“Oh come on, don't tell me you haven't heard of Wor-chest-ur-shur sauce.”

“C-can you say that again? I didn't quite catch it.”

Trystan groaned. “Worsesshur sauce” , pronouncing it incorrectly and knowing full well of it.

“One more time, my ears might have missed-”

“Worces- '' Trystan struggled again, remembering a video wherein they'd put on this Cockney accent. Except his sounded like a duck getting strangled by another duck.

“She's messing with you.” Ruby exclaimed. “Goddamn it, Nora. A woman's dead!”

“Right, right yeah- just making sure.” Nora shot him a playful look. Trystan turned the other way. “And vodka, right?”

“Yes. Whatever will you do without vodka?”

“In this scenario, you die.” Nora grabbed a piece of paper from the file and slid it to them across the desk. “She’s allergic to grapes. Deathly, if I might add. Which is why she ordered a virgin bloody mary according to the receipt in the purse.”

“Vodka doesn't have grapes in them.” Ruby took a closer look at it.

“True but premium vodkas tend to have them. Especially the ones with fruit, such as the brand Ciroc.”

“Ciroc right here.” Nora pointed at a picture of the shelf of bottles she'd taken not long ago. “We don't have a large sample size of the drink to have another round of tests but we can go there and check out their employee handbook. Considering she specifically ordered virgin cocktails, it is safe to assume whoever worked there probably had a personal vendetta.”

“Ha! I was right!”

“Not so fast, Mr Worcestershire sauce.” Nora said, in perfect pronunciation of the word. “We’ll have to look for any discrepancies in the employee record. It was a crowded house last night. Anyone could've played bartender.”

“We can't rule out accidents either.”

“Exactly. Good work Ruby.”

“But I thought it was capsaicin.”

“Well now you know mistakes can be tackled-”

“-With my drinking knowledge around.”

The two shot him a look.

“What? I am not a feverish alcoholic. I happen to know a lot about them from this employee manual right here.” Trystan produced a book of cocktail recipes from his coat jacket.

“Where did you find this?”

“I stole it from the scene of the crime, obviously.” Trystan put it ever so nonchalantly. “As Nora was saying, mistakes can be tackled with me around.”

“You thought it was some Tabasco sauce drug.” Nora glared at him.

“Ignore her. Clearly I am being underpaid and overlooked for my services.” he said. “Can we go through our evidence now or are you going to continue to stall by flirting with me?”

“Say Worcestershire sauce five times in a row.”

“Shut up.”

***

#trystan x nora #100 word drabble exercise #w:inlocusmads #crimes of passion fics

[messrsbyler]

I posted 3,081 times in 2022

That's 3,081 more posts than 2021!

772 posts created (25%)

2,309 posts reblogged (75%)

Blogs I reblogged the most:

@strangeswift

@aemiron-main

@messrsbyler

@booksandpaperss

@andiwriteordie

I tagged 1,396 of my posts in 2022

#byler - 779 posts

#byler tumblr - 678 posts

#mike wheeler - 427 posts

#stranger things - 369 posts

#will byers - 358 posts

#byler endgame - 159 posts

#mike x will - 147 posts

#byler ao3 - 108 posts

#cleradin - 100 posts

#will x mike - 94 posts

Longest Tag: 139 characters

#‘shut up will’ ‘so cmon and let me knoooow’ will sings and points at mike. mike smiles bc will has that type of power over him and finishes

My Top Posts in 2022:

#5

will never get over that interview where david said “will is not interested in el. he is interested in someone else in the group. very interested” and finn was just there chuckling looking so giddy about his character being the one will is interested in

1,965 notes - Posted September 25, 2022

#4

was bored so i made an ask game. send me which one i am and tag me if you use it so i can send you mine!

2,164 notes - Posted November 13, 2022

#3

i headcanon that mike saw someone had graffitied “zombie boy” on the bathroom stall so he made sure will wouldn’t use that one bathroom and took it upon himself to scribble something on top of it to cover it up so will wouldn’t see it. but he got caught. he managed to cover most of it, though

2,481 notes - Posted October 4, 2022

#2

poor mike wheeler. he was born in the wrong generation. he would’ve loved buzzfeed’s “am i gay?” quizzes

3,111 notes - Posted November 29, 2022

My #1 post of 2022

ao3 authors who have no social media are are so mystical. they really be writing and posting some of the most perfectly crafted pieces of media and then disappearing without a trace

5,347 notes - Posted October 17, 2022

Get your Tumblr 2022 Year in Review →

#tumblr2022 #year in review #my 2022 tumblr year in review #your tumblr year in review

[leos-regression-cove]

Nothing in The Parenting Books Prepared Me For This

14. An Even Newer Home

Synopsis: Thor moves off of the couch

Word count: 678

Stand Alone?: no

Warnings: No regression in this chapter, comments with sexual implications

Notes: 

Read it on AO3!

Thor needed a place to live, that was for sure. Loki and Sylvie were happy to have him there, but they really wanted their couch back. It had only been three days but they were already sick of having him always there, invading their personal space. There was S.H.I.E.L.D. Avengers housing, which were glorified hotel rooms reserved for hero personnel. Of course, there were a few extra rooms now that Steve Rogers and this world’s Thor had retired, and Tony Stark, and Natasha Romanoff had passed. But Loki, Mobius, and Sylvie still wanted their Thor nearby. 

Mobius had talked to his boss yesterday about building Thor a little house on the lakeside property and writing it off like they had with their own house, and today Fury came back with a concept. It was a low-tech, relatively inexpensive idea with more than enough space for Thor, a good sized kitchen, and a bathroom. Thor had come in with Mobius to work today and stood behind him. Mobius showed Thor the plans from the tablet, “What do you think, big guy?” 

“It’s wondrous!” Thor exclaimed as he looked at the yurt. 

“Glad you like it. We’ll get the materials to you for assembly tomorrow.”

“Assembly? I’m not sure if an old man, two Lokis, and a Norse thunder god can build a house.”

“You’re Avengers. There’s an instruction manual. You’ll figure it out.”

Mobius told Loki and Sylvie about it over dinner.

The next day, a large truck delivered the materials. There was a pre-built platform for the structure, but that was the only thing made for them. Mobius rolled up his sleeves and got out the power tools he kept in the garage. Loki and Sylvie joined him and Thor to help build it. But to be honest, Loki wasn’t out there to help as much as he was there to see his significant others using their muscles and covered in dirt and sweat. Loki didn’t do any hard manual labor, instead he made lemonade and read through the instructions while Sylvie jerry-rigged extra tools that made work get done 2-3 times faster than if it was just Mobius and Thor alone sharing power tools. 

That wasn’t to say Loki didn’t help, or that Sylvie’s improvisation alone made the work go so much quicker. The two even worked through their breaks, lounging on the cabin’s deck with glasses of lemonade and telekinetically clicking things into place and preparing pieces for installation. 

By the end of the day, they had completed the instruction manual and everyone stepped inside the yurt to admire their hard work. The only thing inside was a wood burning stove and a few pipes sticking up that would eventually attach to the septic tank and water lines. There was no electricity, no furniture, and no walls inside. 

“Alright,” Loki said, brushing off his not-very-dirty-compared-to-everyone-else's-hands hands, “sleep well, brother,” he remarked as he walked out. 

“Uh, Loki, We’re still not done,” Mobius told him. He followed Loki back to the main house where the lean god was making himself a cup of tea. “Thor’s going to sleep in here one more night and tomorrow we’re going to go buy him some furniture, alright?” he asked as he took out some leftovers. 

Loki sat down at the table and made an annoyed grunt. 

Mobius wasn’t sure how to react to that. “What do you say we celebrate?” he proposed. 

“Celebrate? Celebrate what?” 

“Yeah, Thor’s moving out tomorrow, let’s do something.”

“That’s not until tomorrow,” Loki said with a confused look. 

“No, I know, but you look like you need a pick-me-up.”

“Are you going to get Thor?” 

“I was thinking it would just be you, me, and Sylvie,” he hinted. 

“What about Thor?” 

“I’ll grab him some noise cancelling headphones,” Mobius shrugged. 

“I could do that…” Loki purred. 

When the concept was expressed to Sylvie, she smirked and grabbed the collar of Loki’s shirt, dragging him to the bedroom. “You get Thor those headphones, I’ll get started with Loki,” she told Mobius. 

#agere blog #fandom agere #marvel agere #agere writing #agere community #loki agere #agere #new chapter monday :) #new chapter #read on ao3 #fluff #loki fanfiction #marvel fanfiction #fanfic promo #ao3 writer #ao3 fanfic #fanfic #fanfiction #my fic #fanfics #Nothing in the Parenting Books Prepared Me For This #🎠 chatter

[jjuzoir]

Yuuji Itadori with a shy chubby S/O!

request: “Your Yuji bf headcannons were on point! Since its cannon that he likes bigger girls, can you do headcannons of yuji with a curvy gf who is still shy about her body? (Cause standards suck)” by @kpop-andanime

word count: 678

a/n: standard really suck!! they’re so ridiculous and useless,,, ah, enough sad! more yuuji! he’d love you no matter what you looked like or if you were confident or not!!^^

- He’s… in love, even more so than he thought physically possible, he thinks you’re the most precious and beautiful, once he falls in love with you he falls in love with all of you.

- Yuuji loves laying his head on your stomach and tracing patterns into your thighs as you talk. He could die there and he wouldn’t mind, would actually prefer to spend the rest of his life laying down on your tummy and he’d probably have a more happy life than most.

- Whenever he has a bad day, he likes shoving his head in your stomach and just being there or between your thighs. Like not even sexually, you’re just so warm and comfortable and he wants to be near you and your tummy is soft and he likes the feeling of it and his cheeks squeezing – having you run your fingers through his hair while he rests is heaven on earth for him.

- Finds you hot in anything, literally anything – you could pull up in a potato sack tomorrow and he’ll ask if you can wear it again soon, would go; “For me?”, whenever you get ready or dress up.

- Don’t even think about covering up because you feel insecure, he seriously gets pissed off when people try to look at you funny for wearing what you like – “You look good! What are they even starting at? Is it because you’re too hot? Better be it…”

- He’d rather people check you out than judge you, he finds judging people for their looks to be so stupid and at least if they were checking you out he’d understand it – you’re hot, he gets it, he’s literally your boyfriend.

- Wouldn’t hesitate to throw a punch if anyone even comments on your weight, unless they’re complimenting you, expect Yuuji to be ready to fight – doesn’t matter who it is (okay it does if it’s like an elderly person he might just pull you away and moan about how annoying old people are and if it’s a kid he might just try educating them but anyone else is free game).

- Will hype you up on your IG and will become a Keyboard Warrior™️ for you, he’ll go from “Baby !! ILYSM !! 🥰 Bubby hehe” to “Why don’t you post picture of yourself if you’re so fucking bold huh?” (might even pull the “Why don’t you ask ___?” if the comment pisses him off enough and he notices a RIP ___)

- He loves it when you wear his clothes, like… it’s just so nice seeing you wear them and they smell like you afterwards and he’s all giggly, he thinks you look the cutest whenever you’re wearing his clothes and whatever it is you wear the most becomes his favorite piece of clothing.

- If you ever mention feeling bad about how people react to your weight he’ll get very serious and sit you down and tell you all the things he loves about your appearance.

- “And the way your cheeks are just a little bit rounder too,” he says as he pecks them, “and your tummy is cute, your little butt and hands, hah… I love you, you know? So don’t pay attention to them, promise? Their opinions don’t matter, only yours does.”

- Yuuji seriously hates the thought of you not loving the way you look, he thinks you’re perfect and it saddens him to think you don’t agree with him, so he makes a routine of complimenting you and your body more often, from the way you dress, if you did your hair different or if he feels like you might be feeling down about your looks – he’s got so many things to say to you it’s not hard for him to think of things to love about you, and he’s not shy about letting you know about his feelings either.

- He just thinks you’re beautiful, no matter your weight – if you gain or lose weight or stay the same – you’re still the ones he loves, and he wants you to know that.

#jujutsu kaisen #jjk #yuuji itadori #yuji itadori #yuji jjk #yuji itadori x reader #yuji itadori x you #jujutsu kaisen yuji #jjk headcanons #jujutsu kaisen headcanons #jjk x you #jujutsu kaisen x reader #jujutsu kaisen x you #jjk fanfic #jujutsu kaisen fluff #itadori fluff #jujutsu sorcerer #—✒️ sora’s scripts #—🎀 jjk!

[solarune]

stars in your eyes

pairing: kevin moon x reader

genre: fluff, slice of life

warnings: none

word count: 678

a/n: this is dedicated to @adeobizen because i was her deobi anon for the b anon project! surprise, it’s me!!!! i’ve never written for the boyz before and this is a little rushed, but i hope you like it :-)

The soothing lyrics paired with the gentle brushstrokes along your back did nothing to keep you awake, the apartment quiet aside from the music and yours and Kevin’s breathing. After telling you that he wanted to explore other kinds of art and art styles, and being the hopeless romantic that he is, he had asked you earlier in the week if you would let him use you as a canvas. At first, you were a bit hesitant, not really a fan of the mess that it would involve, but after giving you a pleading look—well, how could you say no?

“Halfway done,” Kevin announces, his poke at your shoulder stopping you from drifting off. He dips his brush into the blue again and blends it in with the purple already on your back, his painting of a galaxy coming together very nicely.

You hum in acknowledgement, your eyes not even opening as you lie on the floor with your shirt exposing the majority of your back. The paint-covered brush feels cool against your skin and it’s taking all of your effort to prevent yourself from fully falling asleep on the hardwood floor of your living room. “What is it that you’re painting again?” you ask, unable to remember what he had told you.

“It’s a surprise, I can’t tell you,” he shakes his head even though you can’t see him. “It’s nothing dumb though, I promise. It’ll turn out really pretty.”

“You say that now but when I look, it’s just going to be a painting of Pepe the Frog or something,” you roll your eyes, laughing when you hear Kevin’s noise of protest.

“How dare you, are you trying to say that Pepe isn’t pretty?” Kevin argues, but you can hear the smile on his face so you reach back and blindly swat at him. “Don’t move, you might ruin it!”

With a huff, you put your arm back down and fold it underneath your head to rest on. The lyrics of the latest Ed Sheeran song float through the living room and you begin to hum along. As the playlist continues playing, your humming gets quieter and quieter and Kevin knows you’re starting to fall asleep again. After adding a few final touches to the piece, he stands up from his position over you and takes a picture to send to the rest of the boys later.

He looks down at your sleeping figure and can’t help but smile softly before crouching down to move the hair out of your face. “Hey,” he murmurs, thumb stroking along your cheek. “Babe, wake up, I’m done. Wanna see?”

You nod your head sleepily, eyes opening only the tiniest bit to shield themselves from the bright light of Kevin’s phone. But one look at the picture has them widening, the galaxy on your back being perhaps the most beautiful painting you’ve ever seen. “Oh my god, that’s beautiful,” you say in a hushed whisper, too in awe to say anything else. “You’re so talented, Kev.”

Your boyfriend rubs at the back of his neck sheepishly, looking at his phone and zooming in on the picture to avoid eye contact with you. “Yeah well- You always talk about how you think space is pretty and stuff a-and you were letting me paint on you… And maybe you’re like my whole world o-or whatever…”

Before you can try to stop yourself, a giggle slips out past your lips at how nervous he sounds and Kevin looks up to see the most breathtaking smile on your face. “Kevin Moon, you really are a hopeless romantic,” you tease him, tugging on his shirt to press a quick kiss to his lips. “But all of the stars in the sky and the ones painted on my back are nothing compared to the stars in your eyes.”

Said eyes widen at your compliment and Kevin’s entire face turns redder and redder with every passing second. “Now who’s the hopeless romantic,” he mumbles, lips quirking up into a smile before leaning in for another kiss.

#tbz scenario #the boyz fluff #kevin moon drabble #tbz drabble #the boyz drabble #kevin moon scenario #kevin moon fluff #tbz fluff #kevin moon x reader #tbz x reader #the boyz x reader #tbz imagine #the boyz imagine #the boyz scenario #kevin moon imagine #the boyz fic #tbz fic #kevin moon fic #moon hyungseo x reader #moon hyungseo drabble #moon hyungseo fluff

[bnhascribbles]

Warmth

Dabi x Reader

Fluff, Have some cold weather and gentle intimacy

Words: 678

Warnings: None

You’re buried in a mountain of blankets, yet you’re still freezing.  The December chill is a thief, stealing into your bones, sapping whatever heat your body sees fit to produce.  Desperate to escape its icy hold, you pull your arms into your chest.  Your legs seek refuge elsewhere, toes peeking out from beneath the covers to bury themselves in the back of your lover’s knee.

“Really?”  Dabi groans, twitching, but not even bothering to peer back at you.  

He hurls an arm backward, presumably to shove you away.  The gesture backfires; You grab his elbow and pull him in closer, burying your face into his back and sighing when the heat of his skin wards off your shivers.  How this man could sleep with no covers, no shirt, and still act the part of a space heater, you’d never understand.

“…isss coooold.”

He grunts, rubbing his eyes with his forearm.  “Fine.  Back up and I’ll warm you up.”

You don’t hesitate to obey.  You shimmy back on the bed, giving him just enough room to twist around and face you.  Not even a second after he turns, you press your palms to his chest, impatient.  He rolls his eyes and grabs your wrists, dragging them up to his face with very little resistance.  

You sigh when he cups your hands in his own and breathes hot air against your fingers.  His thumbs trace up your knuckles, leaving a tingly trail in their wake.  He’s only actually working on your hands, but his warmth travels–it seeps through your legs and chest and ears, leaving a cozy sort of contentment bubbling where the cold had once been.

Dabi stops too soon, glancing up at you with that mischievous glint in his eyes.  You smile and edge in closer.  

“Want me to return the favor?”

He doesn’t say anything, his arms stretching out towards you.  One hand fiddles with a stray piece of your hair while the other ghosts up the line of your jaw, his nails eliciting a whole different kind of shiver when they drag along the skin just behind your ear.  Still, he doesn’t do anything more–just stares at you expectantly.  Waiting.

So you move in, pressing your lips to his.  The act is gentle and much, much shorter-lived than you’d hoped it would be, but there’s an infinity of memories in that one, fleeting kiss.  

In the brush of his fingers, there are all the sleepless nights you’d spent waiting for him to creep back into bed.  But then, there’s the memory of waking up beside him, watching his nose twitch as sleep finally released its hold.

In his breath on your cheeks, all the times you’d whispered “Goodbye” and actually meant “Don’t go.”  Also the reunions–the bruising embraces and the kisses that never felt numerous or eager enough for you, even as they siphoned every ounce of strength from your body.

Then there’s the shape of his lips on yours, and you relive the arguments–those fiery screaming matches and glacial silences.  And the make-ups.  God, those beautiful, wonderful, fantastic moments where all the fire died down and the ice melted away.  What was left was something that was in between–not hot and not cold.  Amidst the skin sticking to skin, the hands locked together in a vice-like grip, there was nothing but warmth–pure energy that enlivened, but left no scar.

You lean back, eyes still shut, savoring the sensations–the memories–for as long as you can.  Dabi sees this and smirks, coming in close again.  He presses a kiss to the corner of your mouth and lingers there.

“Love you, babe.”  He whispers, low and breathy–so soft, that it would’ve been easy to write it off as the rustling of the covers or the gentle whoosh of the wind outside.

You don’t say it back, too distracted curling your arms up underneath his shoulders.  But as you bury your nose into his neck, humming into the spot where his pulse thrums just beneath the skin, it’s obvious you’re thinking it too.

#bnha x reader #dabi x reader #bnha dabi #dabi #bnha reader insert #bnha #mha #Lol what is a queue #what is cold #i dont even know

[lupine-publishers-lojpcr]

Lupine Publishers | Smoke and Incendiary Weapons

https://lupinepublishers.com/pharmacology-clinical-research-journal/For more Lupine Publishers Open Access Journals Please visit our website: https://lupinepublishersgroup.com/https://lupinepublishers.com/pharmacology-clinical-research-journal/fulltext/smoke-and-incendiary-weapons.ID.000115.phpLOJ Pharmacology & Clinical Research

Lupine Publishers | LOJ Pharmacology & Clinical Research

Abstract

The incendiary weapons were among the first that were used beside the considered personal weapons: clubs, stones, stone knives. When the human being began to dominate the fire, he managed to develop ways to use it for his benefit, both in peaceful actions (such as changing food by roasting or cooking the clay to produce pots, figurines and adobe for construction) and in other types of aggressive applications, developing methods to burn the possessions of the enemies. Of course, fire management also allowed the knowledge of the smoke, which was then used for at least two purposes: taking advantage of its toxic properties to dislodge strategic positions (or force the animals sheltered in caves to go out and be at the mercy of the hunters) or to raise screens that hid some aggressive movements to indiscreet eyes. It has been said that the first incendiary agent used for war purposes was the so-called “Greek fire”, which was applied from the seventh century until the end of the Middle Ages. Its importance was supreme for the Byzantine Empire, helping to repel the attacks directed against Constantinople by the Arabs and the Russians between the years 671 to 678 of our era, but it was also of vital importance to repel attacks of the crusaders in the XII century. Although it is considered the direct predecessor of NAPALM, it may not be real that it was the first weapon of this class.

Introduction

The interpretation of some Assyrian reliefs shows that in the ninth century BC. incendiaries were used, especially during settlement sieges; torches, lighted resins and lighted oil pots were thrown at the aggressor troops. Herodotus mentions that the Persians used arrows whose tip was smeared with pitch lit during the capture of Athens, around 480 BC. The Peloponnesian War records the use of incendiary weapons against wooden walls in 429 a. C. The catapult made it possible to throw burning materials against specific targets at the sieges of Syracuse (413 BC) and Rhodes (304 BC). By that time (Alexander the Great already dead) they began to develop the incendiary missiles and the mixtures difficult to control. For example, Aeneas mentions (360 BC) that pine needles, sulfur, pitch and resin or incense were used, which produced a fire that was not quenched with water but with vinegar. History is full of events and battles fought in the midst of fire. The incendiary mixtures were improving as the scientific knowledge was increasing on time. The discovery of oil generated new possibilities in these aspects, because it allowed to defend stone walls by setting them on fire with materials that adhered to any solid. It is said that Alexander the Great once found a lake of naphtha that flared up as soon as a flame approached it. The material of the lake was distributed along a whole street and when a flame approached one end, immediately the fire spread to the opposite side. To extinguish such fires, it was necessary to use enormous quantities of water or soil, mud, vinegar or alum, among other materials. It should be noted that the current vinegar is not much more effective than plain water, but it is believed that in the classification of vinegar made by ancient authors such as Plutarco, mixtures and sauces made with vinegar and salt were included; in fact, Pliny mentions that the Gauls and the Germans extinguished the ignited wood using salt water from the sea. During the colonization of North America, American Indians used lighted arrows to set fire to the facilities of white pioneers. In Europe, the men of King Charles of Sweden, in 1701, burned straw to produce a smoke screen covering the activities of the aforementioned army, mainly when crossing the Dvina River. An incendiary agent is a chemical or a mixture of chemicals that produces a combustion reaction and releases a large amount of heat continuously. The oxygen necessary to maintain combustion can be obtained from the atmosphere or it can be part of the incendiary agent, which gives characteristics of autonomy to the corresponding weapon. The heat of combustion of an incendiary agent must be high enough to ignite or damage the selected target, with a speed that does not allow rapid dissipation and, at the same time, facilitates the transfer of heat between the agent and the target.

The primary purpose of incendiary weapons is to cause damage to the enemy in their persons and property, mainly by means of heat or direct flame. It may be the case that weapons of high explosive power cause heat waves and even fires, but because the predominant effects and the intention of their use are focused on the explosive and fragmentation effects, we will not address their use and characteristics. Some incendiary agents are poisons “per se”, while some others produce toxic or asphyxiating effects when burning. The incendiary agents can be of an intensive or dispersive type; the intensive ones are destined to materials and constructions that are not very combustible, for which it is required that their combustion temperature is very high and that their flames form a compact mass. Within this type of agents we have the metallic ones (based on reactive metals) and the pyrotechnic ones (they contain their own source of oxygen). On the other hand, the dispersive agents are destined for easily combustible objectives or for living beings; these objectives do not require great intensity of fire and heat as the dispersion in large areas of small quantities of the incendiary in combustion is sufficient to cause damage. Here pyrophoric (substances that ignite spontaneously on contact with air) and those made with oils (such as Napalm) are highlighted, increasing their destructive power according to their adhesiveness, that is, their ability to stick to surfaces during the combustion, for which additives have been devised that improve their adhesive properties. Molotov street bombs (gasoline and oil in a fragile bottle with a rag on the mouth) are dispersive arsonists, which increase their adhesiveness if they are added sugar, for example. The sugar with the temperature begins to caramelize, sticking to the surfaces and takes some time to burn completely.

The incendiary weapons systems are composed of three main parts: the incendiary agent itself; ammunition to discharge and ignite the incendiary agent in the desired area, and a propulsion system that allows the ammunition to reach the established target. Current technology systems allow incendiary weapons to be launched by aircraft, artillery pieces, combat vehicles and even infantrymen.

For a Better Understanding of This Type of Weapons, We Can Classify Them As Follows:

Metal Incendiaries

This type of agent is made up of metals that react easily with atmospheric oxygen. The best known and most used is magnesium, not so much for its price as for its accessibility and its high reactivity. Very generally, to increase its performance as an incendiary, it is used in alloys, the best known being the so-called Elektron, which contains aluminum and small amounts of copper. It is also possible to heat it and react it with water, which generates hydrogen, which burns or explodes, making it difficult to control the fire. One way to further complicate the control of this kind of fires, is adding 20% of cadmium to an incendiary alloy, generating, as a combustion product, a gas that is twice as poisonous as hydrogen cyanide. In small bombs, whose weight ranges between 50 and 250 kg, it is very used against buildings of brick, stone, cement or metal, because the bombs have the capacity to penetrate across the roofs and explode inside the buildings, causing the inflammation of the goods contained in the targets. Looking for greater effectiveness, they are usually thrown in bunches of at least 100 units. Another metal used as an incendiary agent is zirconium, which has an additional property to those of magnesium: it produces sparks when hitting hard surfaces. Uranium is also a pyrophoric agent, which can be obtained for these purposes from the preparation of enriched uranium to be used as a nuclear fuel; Non-radioactive uranium is then used as an incendiary, for example, in aerial darts.

Pyrotechnique Incendiaries

This class of agents has the characteristic of containing its own source of oxygen, in such a way that an impoverished atmosphere does not hinder its combustion. The main agent of this classification, the termite, mixes aluminum powder and iron oxides. It is lit by a wick and burns with greater violence than magnesium and at a higher temperature; during combustion molten metallic iron is released, which contributes to the propagation of heat. It is worth mentioning that the termite was the most used incendiary agent during the First World War, and it still remains in use to this day.

The termite is usually modified to improve its characteristics, by adding some materials. Such is the case of thermate, which consists of thermite added with metallic aluminum, sulfur and barium nitrate. Other kinds of termatos include, in addition, carbonaceous materials that increase the total generation of heat. The thermats are widely used in hand grenades and aviation bombs whose use corresponds to that described for magnesium bombs.

Pyrophoric Incendiaries

These are materials that ignite spontaneously when they come in contact with the air. In dry air the beginning of the reaction it is difficult or delayed a little; for these specific cases a special wick is used. White phosphorus belongs to this classification, which is very common for burning very combustible materials. When it contacts the air, it explodes into flames and, due to the humidity, produces dense clouds of smoke. This last property causes it to be used, in addition to being an arsonist, to make signals or to spread smoke screens. Coupled with the above, it turns out that, once in flames, white phosphorus adheres strongly to surfaces and is extremely difficult to extinguish with water (and if it goes out, it self-ignites again once dry). All these properties make it difficult to control the fires started by this agent. To increase its efficiency, it is common to use plasticizers and flammable substances of high combustion temperature. A typical mixture of the latter class is composed of finely divided white phosphorus, suspended in a rubber and xylene gel. It is commonly used in aviation rockets, supporting ground operations. A single launcher can fire six rockets with a minimum caliber of 70 mm, and several of these rocket launchers can be attached to an aircraft. Another important pyrophoric is triethylaluminum, a liquid that burns on contact with air or water, sometimes with explosive violence. Polyisobutylene can be used as a thickening agent, which produces a plastic that is capable of causing severe epithelial burns and which is very difficult to extinguish. This is used in rockets that are fired from portable launchers. The most common rockets of this type, are projectiles of 66 mm of caliber that are fired with a launcher of four tubes resting on the shoulder; they have a weight of 1.5 kg, a range that varies from 200 m (with millimeter accuracy) to 750 m (with less accuracy) and a payload of 0.6 kg of thickened triethylaluminum. Upon impact, this load is spread over a radius of approximately 20 m.

Oil Based Incendiaries

Petroleum-derived hydrocarbons are an excellent raw material for incendiary agents: they are abundant, have a high heat of combustion and generate appreciable amounts of carbon monoxide, among other properties. However, those whose volatility allows them to light easily, such as gasoline, burn too quickly, so when thrown away they are consumed in a large flamboyant but ineffective flash. For this reason, gasoline is mixed with thickeners that help to significantly increase its destructive power: they make it more suitable for warlike uses depending on the modifications to its flow properties; their cohesiveness and adhesion properties are also altered in such a way that they adhere to the surfaces, the burning time is prolonged and the combustion temperature is increased. The most common additive was rubber, towards the beginning of the Second World War; however, rubber became a strategic raw material for the manufacture of tires, so it was imperative to find a substitute. The isobutyl polymethacrylate and the polymethyl methacrylate began to be used; shortly after it was seen that certain soaps were more advantageous than polymers (soaps are metal salts of fatty acids).

In 1942 it was discovered that an aluminum soap obtained from coconut acid, naphthenic acid and oleic acid, is a thickener of special qualities. This soap was given the name of Napalm (contraction of the words NAphtenate and PALMitate), a term that has been generalized to designate, in addition to the soap that gives rise to, all the types of thickened hydrocarbons that are used as incendiary agents. This soap easily absorbs moisture from the air and can be mixed with gasoline to obtain a gelatin that varies in its consistency, depending on the amount of soap used, from a very fluid liquid to an almost solid jelly. For portable flamethrowers, for example, a mixture of 30 liters of gasoline thickened with 1 kg of soap is used. For use in incendiary bombs, larger quantities of napalm soap are required to ensure that the fragments that emerge from the explosion that disperses them are not less than 100 g in weight. They are employed profusely in the so-called tactical incendiary bombs, for the support of terrestrial activities, either against military installations and vehicles or against population centers. These bombs consist of a thin walled container loaded with napalm (one of the most used versions is 400 liters capacity). When impacting the ground, the bomb disperses its content on an elliptical surface of approximately 120 m in length by 25 m in width; in this model the napalm is lit by a load of less than 1 kg of white phosphorus, which produces a huge fireball that slows down by just 5 seconds, but leaves the napalm burning for at least 5 minutes more. Since the described container takes the form of an auxiliary fuel tank, a single airplane can carry several of these bombs under the wings.

You can also use napalm in flamethrowers (which from the invention of napalm acquired a special tactical importance), of which there are two main types: the portable and the mechanical. The first, to be transported by a soldier in the back, consists of a napalm tank, another one of compressed air (or any other propellant) and a nozzle with a lighter. The most used model weighs about 25 kg, has capacity for 15 liters of napalm, a range of 50 m and a minimum duration of 8 seconds when it is fired in a single burst; of course, you can also shoot in shorter bursts. The mechanical flamethrower can be used as a main or auxiliary weapon mounted on a combat vehicle. Its capacity is usually 1,300 liters, its range is 200 m and its minimum duration is one minute.

The most recent investigations about this type of agents indicate that the possibility of adding napalm pyrophoric substances that assure re-ignition once it has been turned off is studied, as well as adding special compounds called metallic carbonyls to its formulation that increase its toxic action in closed spaces, simultaneously generating carbon monoxide and poisonous metallic aerosols.

Employment of Fire Agents

Basically, the use of incendiary weapons is directed towards military targets to immobilize transports; for the destruction of strategically important facilities; for the destruction of centers of food supply or of fields of culture, cattle raising, etc .; obviously to kill and, finally, even when these are not the only uses, to bring down the morale of a people at war. The instinctive fear of fire dates from its discovery by the man of the caverns. Therefore, the psychological effect of the use of incendiary weapons can be more devastating than the weapons themselves, because of the consequences generated by a wave of generalized panic that hinders and even makes impossible the survival and control procedures that could be applied. The fact that incendiary weapons are artifacts whose effects go beyond any humanitarian consideration in acts of war, led to the signature in 1980 of the Protocol on prohibitions or restrictions on the use of incendiary weapons, within the framework of the holding of the United Nations Conference on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which May Be Deemed to Be Excessively Injurious or of Indiscriminate Effects, which took place from September 15 to October 10, 1980. It should be noted that publication by The UN report on napalm and other incendiary weapons was followed very large efforts to regulate such weapons. It is argued that certain incendiary weapons can have a very high specific military value, but it is also true that the wounds caused by them are appalling and extremely painful, difficult to deal with and often lead to death or permanent deformations and incapacities, without counting the serious psychological traumas that leave as a sequel in the victims. The aforementioned report concludes that the use of these weapons must be considered to cause unnecessary suffering. Therefore, there is a tendency towards a complete and absolute prohibition rather than a limited prohibition, which lends itself more to violation than to compliance with the norm. This has happened in different parts of the world: Iraq, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Chechnya, Afghanistan, Syria, etc. It has come to the cynical extreme to say that bombs with white phosphorus are used not as incendiary weapons but as a method of night lighting! If this type of weapon is totally and absolutely banned, the road for its control and destruction is facilitated, that is, the road to disarmament is cleared and paving stones are laid to pave the avenue of peace. Hopefully we can see it soon, for the good of all humanity.

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[mommymakeoveratlantageorgia]

Mommy Makeover Atlanta Ga

Every mother understands that childbearing as well as child birth can take a significant toll on the body. A mommy rarely gets her figure back after 2 or more youngsters, regardless of how much diet plan and exercise is introduced to her daily lifestyle. Likewise, a woman's when broadened belly and also upper body frequently leave stretch marks and also loose skin as they go back to their initial condition.

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[zephiraz]

I had a really weird dream???

I was at a convention with my roommate and some friends, except instead of being at the convention proper we went to a beach or something even though I was really dead-set on going to the exhibition hall/sales floor bc I wanted a Ghirahim keychain. A gas station/bookstore we passed through had otgher Hyrule Warriors keychains, except they were made from jigsaw puzzle pieces cast in resin or something and only had the pieces exhibiting the specific character (so like the Link keychain was complete, but Midna only had two puzzle pieces in opposite corners of the thing).

We spent all day at the not-convention, then Friday/Saturday passed (Sunday apparently no longer existed) and we went back to the actual area of the convention. I was really sad because I missed it, but it turned out the convention was still open on Monday so everything was okay! We finally went to look at booths on the sales floor, except it was more shaped like an actual mall and the sales booths were just people’s apartments. We went into one that had this kinda eccentric but apparently famous older-ish guy. He had a glass coffee table, and two tall glass display cases (backlit and everything) full of figurines, all about four to six inches tall. The far one even had three Ghirahim figurines!

However, two of them were the most frightening things ever. One he was like curled up on his side in a wooden box and covered in spiderwebs and there were Alien-esque eggs everywhere, and the other he was on his back with one hand reaching out above his head, but otherwise mostly covered in more Alien-esque membrane stuff. His face was covered too but had that shrink-wrapped-scream thing going on, and the parts of him that weren’t covered were super desiccated. These two were the only ones with the cape. The guy mentioned something about all the ones covered in sugar (meaning the ones with the Alien-esque eggs) were special.

I asked the guy to unlock the cabinet and take out the third one, the only one that wasn’t in agony, but when he did it turned out to not even be Ghirahim, just some guy from an unrelated fandom that looked kinda similar. It was $678. I couldn’t afford it, so he put it back and we left.

A few minutes later someone set the shop on fire.

[patriotsnet]

Who Led Congressional Republicans In Creating The Contract With America

New Post has been published on https://www.patriotsnet.com/who-led-congressional-republicans-in-creating-the-contract-with-america/

Who Led Congressional Republicans In Creating The Contract With America

The Maine Senator Was Never An Independent Force In Washington But Reporters Concocted That Myth To Justify Their Phony Narratives

In 1997, only seven months into the job as a senator, Susan Collins of Maine got what many of her colleagues wait years for: a glowing profile in the SundayNew York Times Magazine. It described “a prim, earnest woman with a schoolmarm’s reserve” who had embraced moderation as her guiding philosophy. Collins, from the moment she arrived in Washington, was seen as a swing vote: A lobbyist wanted her to protect Nike’s factories in Asia, a Roman Catholic bishop called to lobby her on abortion, and the architects of new campaign finance legislation asked her to co-sponsor their bill. This “middle-of-the-roader from little Caribou, Maine,” was having a moment, theTimeswrote. “It is the moderate Republicans who hold the balance of power in Washington now.”

Of course, moderates did not hold the real power in Washington in 1997. Newt Gingrich was two years into a speakership that would transform American politics. Between 1994 and 1999, he unveiled his “Contract With America,” shut down the government for 21 days, and led the impeachment of President Bill Clinton in a frantic, destabilizing period that would galvanize the right and forever change how business was done on Capitol Hill. By the end of his tenure, Gingrich had sidelined the establishment that once ruled politics, and yet mainstream reporters continued to view the system as they always had: as an institution controlled by its most moderate members.

Meredith Shiner covered Congress between 2009 and 2016.

How Did The Contract With America Reflect The Ideals Of Republican Congressional Candidates In 1994

Who are the experts?Our certified Educators are real professors, teachers, and scholars who use their academic expertise to tackle your toughest questions. Educators go through a rigorous application process, and every answer they submit is reviewed by our in-house editorial team.

Much of the well touted “Contract for America” sought to create a less interventionist role of government.  This ideal was represented by much of the Republican leadership and filtered into the candidates selected to run in 1994.  It sought to redefine government and change “the old ways.”  An example of…

Trump Is Starting To Put Together His Own Contract With America And Hes Teaming Up With Newt

The 45th president has sat down with the former speaker, as well as Mark Meadows and Lindsey Graham in recent weeks to begin crafting a policy document.

Newt Gingrich, seen here in 2020, was the driving force between the Republican election triumph in 1994. | AP Photo/Domenico Stinellis

05/26/2021 08:52 AM EDT

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Acid wash jeans, scrunchies, and… Newt Gingrich. Fashion from the ’90s is having a comeback, and so too is the ’90s Republican playbook for how to win back congressional majorities.

With an eye toward winning back the House and Senate in the 2022 midterm elections, former President Donald Trump has begun crafting a policy agenda outlining a MAGA doctrine for the party. His template is the 1994 “Contract with America,” a legislative agenda released ahead of the midterm elections in the middle of President Bill Clinton’s first term. And, as a cherry on top, he’s teaming up with its main architect — Gingrich — to do it.

In recent weeks, Trump sat down with the former House speaker as well as his former chief of staff Mark Meadows and Sen. Lindsey Graham at his private Mar-a-Lago club to begin crafting the document, according to a source familiar with the meeting.

The group is still just beginning to hammer out the details of what a Trumpified Contract might look like. But it is likely to take an “America-First” policy approach on everything from trade to immigration. The source described it as “a policy priority for 2022 and beyond.”

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The Tree Of Liberty Must Be Refreshed From Time To Time With The Blood Of Patriots & Tyrants

Writing to William Smith , John Adams’ secretary and future son-in-law, Thomas Jefferson seemed to welcome Shays’ Rebellion in Massachusetts: “god forbid we should ever be twenty years without such a rebellion . . . the tree of Liberty must be refreshed from time to time with the blood of patriots & tyrants. it is it’s natural manure.” Jefferson was confident that rather than repression, the “remedy is to set them right as to facts, pardon & pacify them.”

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The Democrats’ Change Of Heart About The Need For A Balanced Budget And Celebrating The 2

Mr. SMITH of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, as we draw this 104th Congress to a close, I think it is appropriate to remember where we were 2 years ago, before Republicans became a majority in this House. The Democrats were not talking about a balanced budget. In fact, the President’s balanced budget at that time, 2 years ago, had a $200 billion deficit every year into the foreseeable future.

In 1995, the new Republican majority came in and insisted that Government do what Americans have to do in their personal family budgets–that being–balance the Federal budget. The Democrats, the President, did their focus groups, they took the polls. They decided, Americans do want a balanced budget. They think it is reasonable. Two years ago, nobody on the liberal side of the aisle was talking about a balanced budget, and now everybody is talking about it. That is progress.

The liberals and big Government advocates try to belittle this Republican Congress, and criticize the

Contract With America. We are going to celebrate our 2-year anniversary of the Contract With America today. Let us just remember that most of the brag items of accomplishments that President Clinton mentioned in his acceptance speech were passed by the Republican-controlled 104th Congress.

Mr. Speaker, I include for the Record the Contract With America items signed into law in the last 2 years.

The material referred to is as follows:

The Providential Detection Depicts Jefferson Attempting To Destroy The Constitution

In this cartoon, Thomas Jefferson kneels before the altar of Gallic despotism as God and an American eagle attempt to prevent him from destroying the United States Constitution. He is depicted as about to fling a document labeled “Constitution & Independence U.S.A.” into the fire fed by the flames of radical writings. Jefferson’s alleged attack on George Washington and John Adams in the form of a letter to Philip Mazzei falls from Jefferson’s pocket. Jefferson is supported by Satan, the writings of Thomas Paine, and the French philosophers.

Artist unknown. The Providential Detection, 1797–1800. Copyprint of lithograph. Courtesy of the American Antiquarian Society, Worcester, Massachusetts

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Document Led To Many Successes But Miscalculation In 1998 Midterms Proved Costly

OPINION — In 1994, Republicans did something really big.

At the height of the midterm elections that year, on Sept. 27, House Minority Whip Newt Gingrich and a Republican Conference driven by conservative change agents, offered the American electorate a policy document called the “Contract With America.”

Friday marks the 25th anniversary of the signing of that contract on the steps of the U.S. Capitol. A few weeks later, Republicans won the House, ending a losing streak that dated back to 1954. That victory remains one of the most important events in American political history, an unexpected election outcome that dramatically changed the direction of the country.

Gingrich was one of those rare political leaders whose vision and strength of personality could change not only the course of a nation but the lives of its people in direct and positive ways. His victory, however, didn’t come easy.

It was a long journey for a man who had spent years in the political wilderness as a backbencher, driving what he saw as an “opportunity agenda,” anchored in policy, that could serve as a means to effect political change. For him, it was all about content and communicating the value of that content.

Here’s what I wrote in a piece for The Ripon Forum on the contract’s 20th anniversary:

  The Medicare Prescription Drug Improvement And Modernization Act Of 2003

At several points, participants close to the conference committee negotiations believed that another opportunity for reform would be missed. On November 15, however, the conferees reached agreement on a new version of H.R. 1, the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003. The 678-page conference report included many of the features that had come to be widely accepted in earlier proposals, such as the discount card, additional assistance for low-income beneficiaries, a substantial gap in benefits for individuals with high drug costs , and the use of private pharmacy benefit managers in lieu of direct governmental regulation. Yet the bill reflected “concession” more than “compromise,” with the final provisions on some of the most controversial issues watered down so as to become almost meaningless to their proponents. This deepened rather than resolved cleavages that pitted Democrats against Republicans and, at times, Republicans against Republicans .

The final product included the following major provisions :

Here’s another bit of insanity: The bill pays private insurance companies to take elderly patients. You know how one of the tenets of conservative philosophy is that private companies can always deliver a product better and cheaper? So why does the Medicare bill offer billions in subsidies to private insurers to induce them into the market? That’s not competition; that’s corporate welfare.

For Republicans Crisis Is The Message As The Outrage Machine Ramps Up

With next year’s midterm elections seen as a referendum on Democratic rule, Republicans are seeking to create a sense of instability and overreach, diverting focus from their own divisions.

WASHINGTON — House Republican leaders would like everyone to know that the nation is in crisis.

There is an economic crisis, they say, with rising prices and overly generous unemployment benefits; a national security crisis; a border security crisis, with its attendant homeland security crisis, humanitarian crisis, and public health crisis; and a separate energy crisis.

Pressed this week on whether the nation was really so beleaguered, the No. 2 Republican in the House, Representative Steve Scalise of Louisiana, thought of still more crises: anti-Semitism in the Democratic ranks, “yet another crisis,” he asserted, and a labor shortage crisis.

“Unfortunately they’re all real,” he said, capping a 25-minute news conference in which the word “crisis” was used once a minute, “and they’re all being caused by President Biden’s actions.”

But for divided House Republicans, outrage may be the tie that binds — at least their leaders hope so.

“Look, our main crisis is we’re not the majority — that’s our top crisis,” said Representative Tom Cole, Republican of Oklahoma.

House Republicans, still overwhelmingly in the thrall of Donald J. Trump, have learned over the last four years that grievance, loudly expressed, carries political weight, especially with their core voters.

Jefferson Experiences The Political Limits Of Freedom Of The Press

President Jefferson’s support for freedom of the press was sorely tested in 1802 when James Callender publicly charged that Jefferson “keeps and for many years has kept, as his concubine, one of his slaves. Her name is Sally.” The Richmond Recorder, first printed Callender’s account of Jefferson’s intimate relationship with his wife’s half sister, Sally Hemings, but controversy has surrounded the accusation and the relationship to the present day. Callender, whose vitriolic attacks on Federalist opponents of Jefferson in the 1790s had been secretly funded by Jefferson and Republican allies, turned against Jefferson when the president failed to give him a patronage position.

The Richmond Recorder, September 1, 1802. Courtesy of the Virginia State Library, Richmond

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A Win For Biden Us Senate Passes $1 Trillion Infrastructure Bill

After years of partisan gridlock, Republicans join Democrats in support of future investment in highways, transit.

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The United States Senate approved a major infrastructure spending bill designed to invest $1 trillion in roads, bridges, public transport and improved internet access across the next five years.

After years of partisan gridlock in Washington, DC, Republicans joined Democrats in supporting the legislation, delivering a legislative victory for President Joe Biden who has urged members of the two major parties in Congress to work together.

Hours later, the Senate passed a $3.5 trillion budget resolution – voting 50-49 along party lines – meant to serve as bedrock of the Biden administration’s resphaing federal priorities. The budget framework aims bolster family services, health, and environment programmes.

“The American people will now see the most robust injection of funds into infrastructure in decades,” Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer said after the passage of the infrastructure bill.

“You’ll find better roads, bridges, airports, broadband in the United Arab Emirates than in the United States of America,” Schumer, the top Democrat in the Senate, said.

“The bill will make large and significant differences in both productivity and job creation in America for decades to come,” Schumer said.

It would provide tuition-free community college and foster investments in programmes to significantly reduce carbon emissions blamed for climate change.

President Clinton And Hillary Clinton Were Campaign Targets

Teske adds that Republicans had some easy “targets to attack,” from the unpopular, early years of President Bill Clinton, to the Hillary Clinton-led health care proposal to individual corruption cases in Congress.

The overarching goal of the contract involved cutting taxes, reducing the size of government and reducing government regulations, taking aim at Congress, itself, to be more transparent, less corrupt and more open with the public.

“Essentially, it claimed that it would ‘drain the swamp’—though they didn’t use that term, in terms of what Donald Trump would later articulate,” Teske says. “If successful, the contract specified 10 bills they would bring up for votes in the first 100 days, including a balanced budget amendment, term limits, social security reform and others.”

The Contract With America: Implementing New Ideas In The Us

Select a Section 1/0

Decades from now, historians quite likely will reflect back uponthe Contract With America as one of the most significantdevelopments in the political history of the United States. As NewtGingrich, the first Republican Speaker of the House ofRepresentatives in 40 years, has written: “there is no comparablecongressional document in our two-hundred-year history.”

Never before had so detailed a document become such an integralpart of a congressional election campaign; never had so manyinnovative ideas been drafted into legislation so quickly; andnever in the previous six decades had so much legislation beenpassed by the House of Representatives in less than 100 days afterthe newly elected Members of Congress took office. As the chiefpolitical columnist for The New York Times, R. W. Apple,wrote in a front page news analysis: “Perhaps not since the startof the New Deal , to which many of the programs now underattack can trace their origins, has Congress moved with such speedon so many fronts.”

The Contract and the Conservatives

The changes being debated in America now can provide usefullessons and insights to democratic societies throughout the worlddealing with social and economic problems similar to thoseconfronting the United States.

Perhaps the best way to address various aspects of the ContractWith America, the ideas in and behind the Contract and its relationto the size and scope of government activities, is to answer threebasic questions:

The Impasse Before And After The 2000 Presidential Election

In the wake of the bipartisan commission’s deliberations, Senator Breaux and Representative Thomas joined Senator Bill Frist on a series of proposals to include a prescription drug benefit as essentially an inducement for beneficiaries to shift from the traditional fee-for-service program to a private health plan. More liberal and moderate members of Congress introduced proposals for an independent outpatient prescription drug benefit in the Medicare program.

In addition, in his 1999 State of the Union address, President Clinton proposed his own plan for a voluntary outpatient prescription drug benefit available to all Medicare beneficiaries. A new Part D drug benefit premium would be established, providing subsidies for low-income beneficiaries with incomes below 150 percent of poverty. This plan introduced the idea of combining modest benefits for most if not all beneficiaries with “stop-loss” protection for the relatively few enrollees with catastrophic costs. Medicare would cover 50 percent of an enrollee’s first $5,000 in annual drug spending and 100 percent of any additional expenses .

Another reason for the deadlock was that the amount proposed in the president’s budget was only one-tenth of what the Congressional Budget Office projected that the Medicare population would spend on prescription drugs during that period. Heading into the 2002 election, Democrats reasoned that no benefit was better than an inadequate benefit.

Thomas Jefferson’s Annotated Copy Of The Federalist Papers

Thomas Jefferson called the collected essays written by Alexander Hamilton , James Madison, and John Jay , the “best commentary on the principles of government which ever was written.” Jefferson, like many other contemporary Americans, tried to determine which essays had been written by each of the three authors. On this inside cover sheet Jefferson credited Madison with authorship of more than a dozen essays. The question of who wrote each of the essays has never been definitively answered.

The Federalist: A Collection of Essays, Written in Favour of the New Constitution. Vol. 1. New York: J. and A. McLean, 1788. Rare Book and Special Collections Division

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National Bipartisan Commission On The Future Of Medicare

Following the failure of President Clinton’s health care reform proposal in 1994, Republicans captured majorities in both houses of Congress. In 1995 the main policy issue regarding Medicare was not how to improve benefits but how to restructure the program and limit the federal government’s financial liability for existing coverage. The Medicare Preservation Act, which Congress passed as part of the Balanced Budget Act of 1995 but President Clinton vetoed, included major reforms and reductions in spending in Medicare and other government programs as well as substantial tax cuts. Republican strategists miscalculated both the president’s willingness to accept the legislation and the public’s reaction . Nonetheless, reducing the budget deficit remained a high political priority, and two years later, the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 cut projected Medicare spending by $115 billion over five years and by $385 billion over ten years .

The Balanced Budget Act created a new Medicare+Choice program, which encouraged beneficiaries to choose among the traditional fee-for-service Medicare, HMOs, and preferred-provider organizations. It also created Medicare medical savings accounts, changed payment policies and formulas for providers and health plans, strengthened efforts to prevent and prosecute fraud and abuse by Medicare providers, and created the National Bipartisan Commission on the Future of Medicare.

Political Attack Ads In The Era Of The Founding Fathers

In this critical cartoon, Thomas Jefferson as the cock or rooster, courts a hen, portrayed as Sally Hemings. Contemporary political opponents of Jefferson sought to destroy his presidency and his new political party with charges of Jefferson’s promiscuous behavior and his ownership of slaves. The cock was also a symbol of revolutionary France, which Jefferson was known to admire and which, his critics believed, Jefferson unduly favored.

James Akin. “A Philosophic Cock,” Newburyport, Massachusetts, c. 1804. Hand-colored aquatint. Courtesy of the American Antiquarian Society, Worcester, Massachusetts

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Prescription Drug Policies In The Nixon Administration

Following submission of the task force’s report, Secretary Finch appointed a review committee headed by John Dunlop of Harvard University, the former chair of President Nixon’s health transition team who had been appointed secretary of labor. The committee convened in April and submitted its report on July 23, 1969. With only one dissenting voice from a representative of the pharmaceutical manufacturers, the committee endorsed a number of the task force’s recommendations. In particular, “the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare should recommend an Administration decision for an out-of-hospital drug insurance program under Medicare” .

The proposed regulations were very similar to those recommended by the task force in 1969. Such a policy stemming from a Republican administration came as a surprise, however, and illustrated how concerned policymakers were about rising medical costs. Weinberger’s announcement touched the pharmaceutical industry’s most sensitive nerves, endorsing generic substitutes for brand-name products and limits on reimbursement. Despite vigorous industry opposition, state laws were already changing to allow pharmacists to substitute cheaper, generic drugs for brand-name products. Now the federal government was adopting similar methods.

Transgender Athlete Rene Richards Barred From Us Open

What was not included? Details on how these bills would be executed and what they would cost.

“It probably did not matter that it was vague on costs, and that was even an advantage,” Teske says. “The goals were big picture, and ones that many voters could understand, without getting into—and bogged down by—the details of budget costs, specific programs that might go away, etc.”

Jefferson Urges Supporters To Write Newspaper Attacks

Thomas Jefferson seldom wrote articles or essays for the press, but he did urge his supporters such as James Madison, James Monroe , John Beckley , and David Rittenhouse to publicly counter the Federalists. In this July 7, 1793, letter, Jefferson urges Madison to attack the ideas of Alexander Hamilton: “for god’s sake, my dear Sir, take up your pen, select the most striking heresies, and cut him to peices in the face of the public.” Both Republicans and Federalists engaged in critical attacks on their opponents.

Thomas Jefferson to James Madison July 7, 1793. Manuscript letter. Manuscript Division

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Prescription Drug Coverage In The Health Security Act

The next opportunity to add an outpatient prescription drug benefit in the Medicare program came in 1993 as part of the health security act proposed by President Bill Clinton . Adding a Medicare drug benefit was good policy and good politics: It would be extraordinarily difficult to guarantee comprehensive health benefits, including drugs, to all Americans under age 65 and not to do the same for senior citizens and the disabled, whose needs were generally higher. A new drug benefit might also rally the support of Medicare beneficiaries for the Clinton plan, or at least neutralize potential opposition, given that the plan called for savings in other parts of Medicare as a way to help pay for coverage of uninsured persons under age 65.

The proposed expansion of the Medicare program would include an outpatient prescription drug and biologics benefit as well as a guaranteed national benefits package for those under the age of 65. The Medicare drug benefit would become part of Part B, adding $11 per month to the premium. Beneficiaries would pay a $250 annual deductible and 20 percent of the cost of each prescription up to an annual maximum of $1,000. Low-income beneficiaries would receive assistance with cost sharing.

In the report describing the health security act, the Clinton administration made clear its strategy to contain the cost of the prescription drug benefit:

Federal Prohibition Of Foreign Importation Of Slaves

In his “Sixth Annual Message to Congress” on December 2, 1806, President Jefferson, at the earliest moment allowed by the Constitution, called on Congress to abolish the importation of slaves from outside the United States. The United States Constitution had forbidden Congress to abolish “the Migration or Importation of such Persons as any of the States now existing shall think proper to admit” prior to 1808. Congress readily complied with the president’s request and the importation of slaves was prohibited as of January 1, 1808.

Thomas Jefferson. “Sixth Annual Message to Congress,” December 2, 1806. Manuscript. Manuscript Division

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Clinton’s Actions Led Republicans To Devise Contract

Oct 28, 1994

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At the outset of the 1992 presidential campaign, Bill Clinton stressed the importance of a middle class tax cut. After waffling for months on whether he would deliver on this “central’ promise, Clinton signaled retreat at a Jan. 14, 1992, press conference: “I never did meet any voter who thought that it was important.’

And now, with his approval rating at record lows, a failed legislative agenda and facing the end of his Democrat-controlled Congress, Clinton is reverting back to campaign mode and promising the middle-class a tax cut. Clearly, he hopes the American middle class has a short memory:Maybe they’ll forget the last time Clinton promised a middle-class tax cut, Clinton and his Congress raised their taxes on gas, on middle-income seniors’ Social Security benefits and on more than a million small businesses.

Maybe they’ll forget Clinton and his Congress failed to “end welfare’ as we know it.

Maybe they’ll forget the Clinton and his Congress’ attempt to ram a government-run health care scheme down our throats.

Maybe they’ll forget nearly $7 billion in pork barrel and social welfare spending as a “surtax’ for a watered-down crime bill that saw its toughest provisions stripped by Democrats.

Maybe they’ll forget they were promised “change’ and received instead more taxes, more spending and more government.

American Federalism 1776 To 1997:significant Events

Analyst in American National GovernmentGovernment DivisionUpdated January 6, 1997

SUMMARY

Since ratification of the Constitution, which established a union ofstates under a federal system of governance, two questions have generatedconsiderable debate: What is the nature of the union? What powers, privileges,duties, and responsibilities does the Constitution grant to the nationalgovernment and reserve to the states and the people? During the 208-yearhistory of the Constitution, these issues have been debated time and againand have shaped and been shaped by the nation’s political, social, andeconomic history.

During the pre-federalism period, the country waged a war for independenceand established a confederation form of government that created a leagueof sovereign states. Deficiencies in the Articles of Confederation promptedits repeal and the ratification of a new Constitution creating a federalsystem of government comprised of a national government and states. Almostimmediately upon its adoption, issues concerning state sovereignty andthe supremacy of federal authority were hotly debated and ultimately ledto the Civil War.

CONTENTS

ADDITIONAL READING

INTRODUCTION

Third, neither level of government canabolish the other. The Civil War was fought not only on the question ofslavery but also central to the conflict were questions of states’ sovereigntyincluding the power to nullify federal laws or dissolve the Union.

PRE-FEDERALISM PERIOD: 1775 TO 1789 ADDITIONAL READING

Jefferson’s Plans To Improve The Urban Environment

Nicholas King’s sketch of Thomas Jefferson’s plans for Lombardy poplars to line Pennsylvania Avenue from the Capitol to the President’s House in Washington, D.C., was sent in 1803 to Jefferson by Thomas Munrow , superintendent of the city of Washington. Jefferson’s landscaping ideas were influenced by the elegant avenues and gardens in Paris and contemporary concepts that trees and plants would purify the air in cities.

Nicholas King. March 12, 1803. Manuscript sketch. Manuscript Division

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Contrasting Procedures Of The Senate And The House

The order of business in the Senate is simpler than that of the House. While the procedure of both bodies is basically founded on Jefferson’s Manual of Parliamentary Practice, the practices of the two bodies are at considerable variance. The order and privileged status of motions and the amending procedure of the two are at less variance than their method of calling up business. The business of the Senate is not divided into classes as a basis for their consideration, nor are there calendar days set aside each month in the Senate for the consideration of particular bills and resolutions. The nature of bills has no effect on the order or time of their initial consideration.

The Senate, like the House, gives certain motions a privileged status over others and certain business, such as conference reports, command first or immediate consideration, under the theory that a bill which has reached the conference stage has been moved a long way toward enactment and should be privileged when compared with bills that have only been reported.

The continuity of sessions of the same Congress is provided for by the Senate rules:

At the second or any subsequent session of a Congress, the legislative business of the Senate which remained undetermined at the close of the next preceding session of that Congress shall be resumed and proceeded with in the same manner as if no adjournment of the Senate had taken place.

The Midterms Introduced Extreme Divisive Politics

As for the contract’s lasting impact? Most of its ideas and proposals did not pass Congress, or were vetoed by Clinton, and, according to Teske, the ones that did pass were not radical departures and instead relatively minor in scope. But it did put Republicans back in power in Congress, which they’ve largely held onto in the years since.

“The Gingrich approach of extreme right ideas, combined with a scorched-earth personal level of politics in attacking opponents—later seen in Clinton’s investigations and impeachment—has also had a major impact on American politics” he says. “It helped bring a much more ‘win at all costs’ mentality, and a divisiveness that persists today.”

Our Liberty Depends Upon The Freedom Of The Press

Eighteenth-century political philosophers concerned themselves with the balance between the restrictions needed to make a government function and the individual liberties guaranteed by that government. Jefferson’s efforts to protect individual rights including freedom of the press were persistent, pivotal, and not always successful. Jefferson was a staunch advocate of freedom of the press, asserting in a January 28, 1786, letter to James Currie , a Virginia physician and frequent correspondent during Jefferson’s residence in France: “our liberty depends on the freedom of the press, and that cannot be limited without being lost.”

Thomas Jefferson to James Currie, January 28, 1786. Manuscript letter. Manuscript Division

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Jefferson Advocates Limited Power Of Constitution

Thomas Jefferson’s February 15, 1791, opinion on the constitutionality of a national bank is considered one of the stellar statements on the limited powers and strict construction of the Federal Constitution. Alexander Hamilton, a proponent of the broadest interpretation of the constitution based on the implied powers of the Federal Constitution, was the leading advocate for the national bank. Jefferson and Hamilton quickly became outspoken leaders of two opposing interpretations of national government.

Thomas Jefferson. Opinion on a National Bank 1791. Manuscript. Manuscript Division

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