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macleodjespersen28 · 1 month

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10 Best Replica Designer Footwear Sites Balenciaga ReplicaThey have an amazing assortment of shoes for men and women. They are the premier Nike and Adidas replica vendor on Dhgate. They have sold 7000+ products and have a optimistic score of 99.1%. The products they cope with are basketball shoes, 350 V2 boosts, NMD shoes, Ultra boosts and soccer cleats. It’s obtainable in a variety of colors that replicate the original line. There’s one thing for every taste here with the traditional black being the popular selection for many. Suitable for formal or casual occasions, this may be a bag that's at once instantly stylish yet understated. Valentino is a fixture on the designer shoe circuit, with standouts like its iconic Rockstud pumps and Roman ballet flats. But not every coveted fashion comes prim and feminine. The outcomes may even come with a report on why we believe your sneakers are faux or genuine. Mainly, fakes are much less curved than the legit Balenciaga Speed Trainer pairs. The central stitching goes deeper on the genuine Balenciaga Speed Trainer pairs, and the lateral stitchings are of better high quality visibility. They have ninety seven.7% optimistic score and have bought over 12,800+ products. In addition, the colour of the soles of the true and replica designer shoes and the logo of the heel are additionally different, and the authentic outsole is also extra stereoscopic. “Some of the new Gucci retro kinds have accomplished very nicely for us, and normally, we have seen an uplift in that type of favor,” says Hsu. “For the extra iconic sneaker kinds, there’s the Alexander McQueen outsized sneaker, the Gucci Ace or Rhyton sneakers and Golden Goose’s Superstar,” he says. Sneakers are a bonafide wardrobe staple for men and women, not just for casual moments but also for dressy and even formal occasions. However, there’s a definite distinction from, say, the Chuck Taylor’s or Vans you’ve relished since youth and the best designers sneakers for ladies and men. In this real vs faux Balenciaga Speed Trainer comparability, we’d prefer to level the fact that the text on the fake Balenciaga Speed Trainer is not straight, sinking in direction of the letter “C”. The Balenciaga Speed Trainer is not a very complex sneaker mannequin, however we’ve managed to find sufficient spots for the fake vs actual Balenciaga Speed Trainer comparison. Without any additional ado, let’s see tips on how to examine pretend vs actual Balenciaga Speed Trainer. In truth, we have sorted it out in just seven simple steps to look at when checking the pretend vs real Balenciaga Speed Trainer. The choices after we make after we dress express extra than simply our type. They join us to a global business that has massive impact on people’s lives. I’ve been sourcing products from China for over 5 years now. <a href="https://replicabags.to/balenciaga-replica.html">replicabags.to replica balenciaga</a> I’ve sourced products individually and for my purchasers in bulk. They have over sixteen,000+ happy prospects which exhibits you their true caliber. In phrases of the sneakers they take care of, their prime selling is the Converse look alike footwear. A great design that takes all the elements of a traditional handbag and adds the distinctive ‘hourglass’ shape that's the brand’s signature, the Balenciaga bag is one that each woman loves to own. As not all of us can afford the designer price ticket we offer you this fairly spectacular Balenciaga Hourglass dupe which is practically indistinguishable from the actual factor. One of the premier brands in Italian style, Balenciaga is understood for gorgeous quality and unique design. IOffer is a global online market, which provide replica designer footwear. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia">wikipedia handbags</a> There are at present over 1 million gadgets bought with 1000's of lively consumers and sellers. IOffer was based in 2002 and is headquartered in San Francisco, California. You can find many Balenciaga replicas and completely different sorts of replica footwear right here, such because the various sorts of Balenciaga sneakers replica. They supply shops , however independent sellers manage their inventory, sales and transport.

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computingpostcom · 2 years

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This tutorial will guide you through steps to install Zsh on Linux and Configure it to suit your needs. Definition of shell from Wikipedia: A Unix shell is a command-line interpreter or shell that provides a traditional user interface for the Unix operating system and for Unix-like systems. Users direct the operation of the computer by entering commands as a text for a command line interpreter to execute or by creating text scripts of one or more such commands. Most fresh installation of Linux comes pre-loaded with a Bash shell. Personally, I like zsh, and it’s my favorite shell that I use all the time. Why Zsh? Zsh does a bunch of other useful things that bash alone won’t accomplish. Apart from being a powerful scripting language, Zsh is a shell designed for interactive use. It incorporates into it many useful features of Bash, ksh, and tcsh. Other additional features provided by zsh are: Auto Completions are case insensitive much faster than bash. All sorts of bells and whistles made possible by a community-driven framework like oh-my-zsh. Support multi-line editing Recursive file globbing Highly compatible with ksh. Zsh has a huge collection of better themes. Simple configuration style Output redirection to multiple destinations And many more, do some googling to learn more. Here you’ll Install Zsh on Linux. Install Zsh Shell on Linux Distributions Install zsh on Arch based systems: sudo pacman -S zsh How to install Zsh on Gentoo emerge --ask zsh Install Zsh on Debian based systems such as Ubuntu: sudo apt update sudo apt install zsh Install Zsh on Fedora / CentOS / Rocky / RHEL: # Fedora / RHEL 8 based sudo dnf install zsh # CentOS 7 / RHEL 7 sudo yum install zsh Check and Change shell to Zsh Confirm it’s installed and see a list of installed shells. After you successfully install Zsh on Linux, you should see version displayed. $ zsh --version zsh 5.8 (x86_64-ubuntu-linux-gnu) After you’ve installed it, we need to make it our default shell and customize it to get extra eye-candy. You can change the shell for both root and standard user accounts. Non-root account, sudo usermod $USER -s /usr/bin/zsh # OR sudo chsh -s /usr/bin/zsh $USER The command above will change shell for current logged in user. You can also specify username: sudo usermod username -s /usr/bin/zsh # OR sudo chsh -s /usr/bin/zsh username Logout after the change to start using new shell: logout Confirm if current shell is set to Zsh $ echo $SHELL /usr/bin/zsh If the default Zsh configuration file was not created, manually create empty one: touch ~/.zshrc Install Oh My Zsh (framework for managing your zsh configuration) The easiest way to customize zsh is to install Oh My Zsh to set zsh theme. Oh My Zsh is an open source, a community-driven framework for managing your zsh configuration. It comes with a load of plugins and themes to take advantage of. Install it as below. Prerequisites: wget curl git Make sure you have all above prerequisites installed on your system. sh -c "$(wget https://raw.github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh -O -)" New look after install Oh My Zsh framework. Once installed, you’ll get a bundle of themes that comes with it, located at ~/.oh-my-zsh/themes/ $ ls -l ~/.oh-my-zsh/themes/ ....omitted output ... -rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 661 Mar 14 20:46 suvash.zsh-theme -rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 788 Mar 14 20:46 takashiyoshida.zsh-theme -rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 356 Mar 14 20:46 terminalparty.zsh-theme -rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 579 Mar 14 20:46 theunraveler.zsh-theme -rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 516 Mar 14 20:46 tjkirch.zsh-theme -rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 514 Mar 14 20:46 tjkirch_mod.zsh-theme -rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 1214 Mar 14 20:46 tonotdo.zsh-theme -rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 3642 Mar 14 20:46 trapd00r.zsh-theme -rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 4379 Mar 14 20:46 wedisagree.zsh-theme -rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 443 Mar 14 20:46 wezm+.zsh-theme

-rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 366 Mar 14 20:46 wezm.zsh-theme -rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 333 Mar 14 20:46 wuffers.zsh-theme -rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 574 Mar 14 20:46 xiong-chiamiov-plus.zsh-theme -rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 554 Mar 14 20:46 xiong-chiamiov.zsh-theme -rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 2426 Mar 14 20:46 ys.zsh-theme -rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 727 Mar 14 20:46 zhann.zsh-theme You can also take a look in the plugins directory to see all plugins available. $ ls -lh ~/.oh-my-zsh/plugins ....omitted output ... drwxr-xr-x 2 ubuntu ubuntu 4.0K Mar 14 20:46 vscode drwxr-xr-x 2 ubuntu ubuntu 4.0K Mar 14 20:46 vundle drwxr-xr-x 2 ubuntu ubuntu 4.0K Mar 14 20:46 wakeonlan drwxr-xr-x 2 ubuntu ubuntu 4.0K Mar 14 20:46 wd drwxr-xr-x 2 ubuntu ubuntu 4.0K Mar 14 20:46 web-search drwxr-xr-x 2 ubuntu ubuntu 4.0K Mar 14 20:46 wp-cli drwxr-xr-x 2 ubuntu ubuntu 4.0K Mar 14 20:46 xcode drwxr-xr-x 2 ubuntu ubuntu 4.0K Mar 14 20:46 yarn drwxr-xr-x 2 ubuntu ubuntu 4.0K Mar 14 20:46 yii drwxr-xr-x 2 ubuntu ubuntu 4.0K Mar 14 20:46 yii2 drwxr-xr-x 2 ubuntu ubuntu 4.0K Mar 14 20:46 yum drwxr-xr-x 2 ubuntu ubuntu 4.0K Mar 14 20:46 z drwxr-xr-x 2 ubuntu ubuntu 4.0K Mar 14 20:46 zbell drwxr-xr-x 2 ubuntu ubuntu 4.0K Mar 14 20:46 zeus drwxr-xr-x 2 ubuntu ubuntu 4.0K Mar 14 20:46 zoxide drwxr-xr-x 2 ubuntu ubuntu 4.0K Mar 14 20:46 zsh-interactive-cd drwxr-xr-x 4 ubuntu ubuntu 4.0K Mar 14 20:46 zsh-navigation-tools Install Oh My Zsh themes for Zsh You can install custom themes to ~/.oh-my-zsh/themes/ and configure ~/.zshrc to use it. Best Terminal Shell Prompts for Zsh, Bash and Fish Modify theme variable name to ZSH_THEME in ~/.zshrc. See example below: $ vim ~/.zshrc ZSH_THEME="spaceship" Save changes and exit. Type CTRL+X, Then Y. Source ~/.zshrc file source ~/.zshrc Configure Help command. vim ~/.zshrc Add the following lines to the end. autoload -U run-help autoload run-help-git autoload run-help-svn autoload run-help-svk alias help=run-help Source it and you’re good to go. source ~/.zshrc Fish-like syntax highlighting (Optional) Clone code to plugins folder: cd ~/.oh-my-zsh/plugins git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting.git vim ~/.zshrc Add below the line at the end, source ~/.oh-my-zsh/plugins/zsh-syntax-highlighting/zsh-syntax-highlighting.zsh Then source zshrc file source ~/.zshrc Persistent rehash: This allows compinit to automatically find new executables in the $PATH. vim ~/.zshrc Add line: zstyle ':completion:*' rehash true Save and exit, the source it. source ~/.zshrc zsh-completions Configure additional zsh-completions, applicable to all Linux systems. I will assume you already installed oh-my-zsh, if not refer to it above. git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-completions ~/.oh-my-zsh/custom/plugins/zsh-completions Then enable it in your .zshrc vim ~/.zshrc Add the lines below: plugins+=(zsh-completions) autoload -U compinit && compinit zsh tab-completion system To enable the famous zsh tab-completion system, you need to add above commands ( autoload -U compinit && compinit). If you are running Arch Linux, you can install it using Pacman package manager. This has an advantage of getting updates for it automatically. pacman -S zsh-completions Installing zsh-completions on Gentoo emerge --ask zsh-completions Install zsh-completions on Fedora / CentOS / RHEL / Scientific Linux: cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ wget https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/shells:zsh-users:zsh-completions/RHEL_7/shells:zsh-users:zsh-completions.repo yum install zsh-completions Also, check Configure Zsh syntax highlighting on Linux / macOS Conclusion We’ve covered how to Install Zsh on Linux and configuring Zsh environment on your system. Zsh is the most customizable shell I have ever used. It’s easy to install and customize with more than 100 themes. There are plenty of plugins to extend its functionality with frameworks like oh-my-zsh.

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magnussonmiranda16 · 2 years

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Chloe Sandal Replica Comes With Dust Bag Size 5

We’ve additionally discontinued plastic samples, so you can be ok with smelling good. We solely source our scents from Grasse, the world’s fragrance capital. Our products are created from clear components for the highest quality attainable. This material is not solely good trying, but in addition very sturdy. skel.io chloe replica bag Replica Chloe Bags spring and summer time new Roy sequence handbags, from the brand new design director Natacha Ramsay-Levi. Chloé 2018 spring and summer time new Roy sequence handbags, small and exquisite form, showing women’s sturdy inside vitality and distinctive character. The Roy sequence has three completely different back kinds, and the removable design of the shoulder strap additionally enriches the range of the combo. Neutral and neat after the tape is eliminated, the metallic rings on either side are decorated with femininity, trend and practicality. Bag is calf texture, floor has a grainy texture clear, but feels very gentle leather. 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This shoulder bag is Chloe2017 spring and summer time show area launched, with excessive value and popularity, and now is the principle push of a bag Chloe, spring at the moment, this bag also shine. This submit is a continuation of my summer haul which I never really obtained to complete because of being super busy! The picture shoot was to involve a hand picked model from every nation on the earth. Recently, a few excessive anti choice mongers have been allowed a very loud voice. Their grievance isn't just that some ladies select abortion it is on all forms of contraception. The designer’s intention may be to alter the style with three completely different designs of shoulder straps. I even have to say that such a design does have the suspicion of catching up with the complexity of town flyover. How can Chloé followers think that altering the shoulder strap is equal to altering one? 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However, Chale’s present inventive director, Clare Waight Keller, who has created these classic single products, has announced that the contract is now not renewed and will be left in March after the discharge of the 2017 autumn and winter show. In the future, we are ready to solely look forward to Chloe Once the inventive director to convey extra exciting works. The new chloe tess saddle bag detail design, material and hand-made details aren't refined?

#replica chloe bags #chloe bags replica #chloe replica #chloe marcie replica

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rosendahl73mcmahon · 2 years

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Newest Style Chole Replica Bags

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#replica chloe bags #chloe bags replica #chloe replica #chloe marcie replica

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dkettchen · 3 years

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Love to celebrate their reunion after 311 EPISODES of agony and educate the people on historical gay piracy while I’m at it

#one piece #zosan #zoro #sanji #matelotage #matelots #professional straight woman Hiyori had the audacity to ask if he was his “friend” n I’m over here like ma’am-#in her defense she doesn't even know they're pirates I guess but like- hiyori gay ppl exist you work in a brothel you should know this #I love them with sanji in this suit in the new intro n I realised while colouring this that it's cause he matches zoro's sash this way #WE LOVE TO COORDINATE POWER COUPLE STUFF RIGHT HERE #s/o to wikipedia for providing this definition also #and s/o to that one youtuber whose video on gay pirate stuff taught me the word matelot #(in this sense not the 'literally just the french word for sailor' sense obv)#I plan to mercilessly abuse it now that I know how to spell it #as any good one piece stan should tbh #the way she pronounced it in the video (hmmmm english speakers :eyes:) I thought it was a combination of 'mate' & 'harlot'#and tbh I like my version better lmao #I've said this before but you know luffy would get so excited when he finds out he has the authority to officiate marriages as the #captain of his ship like-

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halcyon-writings · 3 years

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Hey I dont know if your open for requests but I was wondering if you could possibly do an imagine for sero, Amajiki, and bakugou where they're in a relationship that is just rocking the addam family vibes. Hand kiss, random waltz, unduing love. Just that sort of thing. Sorry if the ask is long. Love your work!

note(s): this request is really cute and i cannot stop thinking about it. and please don’t apologize it’s no trouble at all! but you know what else that means? they’re goth !!! good for them good for them!! gn reader as per usual folks let’s get it

hcs under the cut!!

as much as i hate what a certain part of the fandom did when it came to hc’ing sero as hispanic, i wholeheartedly back it bc i too am hispanic and its what i personally deserve- Anyway, i like to think that he loves dancing. And I feel like Sero is a big dork, a sap, and he would be the kind of guy to just pull his s/o into a random waltz/slow dance regardless of whether or not there’s music playing.

If there is none, he will provide the music. Either from his phone or from himself; yes, he will sing some cheesy old song while he spins you around and dances with you. man, now i want an s/o like him. Please stop him, but also don’t since it’s really cute. He only really does it when he has that like sixth sense that you’re feeling down. Sero starts to hum a familiar tune, and he gives you a smug look when you hide a small smile from him. But you humor him anyway.

Sero makes this funny, sweet, and sappy. The whole shebang. But since you mention the Addam’s family, just imagining goth sero or like... goth aligned jdgksjgds. He would match outfits with you if that was your kind of aesthetic too. And whenver he sees something that might remind him of you, and just gets so happy to see that you like it.

But anyway back to the waltzing, I feel like he just knows about it from like reading about it on wikipedia, or just the internet in general whenever it was like 3 am and he’s scrolling on his phone. (And maybe he practiced to want to impress you, but he will admit that to no one. Denki might have caught him once and after making him swear to secrecy, then Sero will pretend no one had seen anything. You caught him one day using a mop as a dance partner and it was really cute to see him get all flustered. But you promise him a dance anyway, (and maybe a kiss too but that’s between you two and the bakusquad who you discovered was there for emotional support).

tama... my wonderful boy, the light of my life, small warning for spoilers but like hori where is he, please i’ll give you the 5 dollars i have in my purse just let me see my baby. PLEASE IM DESPARATE-

*coughs* so anyway, as someone who’s overall a giant mix of anxiety and overthinking, Tamaki definitely is the type of person who grounds these worries through physical contact. Whether it’s you walking arm in arm, or hand in hand (more likely than not it’s the first option, as the second almost has him combusting bc of the way your hands are so warm and how they fit his own, or how his fit in yours).

It becomes a mini ritual to just take your hand in his and kiss your palm. Granted, the poor thing is just really red the entire time so it’s all the more endearing. But Tamaki is doing his best, and that’s all I ask of him. In return, give his hand a squeeze and he’s just, settled by your side (think the one meme of ariana grande except he’s ariana and you’re pete ;loves to walk hand in hand with you). While you don’t actively do it, you know sometimes that his anxiety makes it very difficult to talk to people so sometimes you talk for him, only when he says it’s okay though! But you will fight a person if they say anything about it negatively.

Another thing he likes to do is link pinkies!!! Idk why but the mental image of that is just so cute. Although this was more common in the beginning of your relationship (bc he just knew that his palms were sweaty and he didn’t want you to notice) but he still does it from time to time!!! Like maybe the hallways at UA or the train home are a bit crowded. Having you nearby also helps him feel that you’re safe too.

Katsuki, aka the Ride or Die Extraordinaire. I’ve seen this hc a lot in general, but he’d literally never casually date. when you’re together that’s it, he’s set on you and you only. And like, highkey that’s oddly comforting dhdjdjd. Safe to say, he is dedicated.

And while he’s not very into pda, not bc of that Image™️ that people try and say he has, but really it’s because it’s not something he needs to show that he’s with you, he knows you and trusts you (but it doesn’t mean he complains when you put your hand in his, fingers intertwined just don’t point out the way his ears flush a bright red, otherwise he’ll act like he doesn’t and it only makes him more red).

He may not look it, but he’ll also match in aesthetic if you want him too. Bakugo is that much of your biggest fan and personal cheerleader. If you’re unsure of a color maybe not fitting you or a certain style, he will go out and get you more clothes like that both for you and him. In his words, “You’re fine as hell and this is the one time I’ll accept not being number 1.” Or something along those lines. If someone says anything negative about it, you have to stop him from verbally tearing them a new one.

Adding to that last point, he’s protective but not to the point where he’s overprotective He knows you’re fully capable of kicking ass. (including his *cough*) Like I just wanna reiterate that if there was anyone that was so dedicated to an s/o in a sort of manner that Cortez is to Morticia, it’d be Katsuki. I take no criticism.

#bnha x reader #mha x reader #boku no hero academia x reader #my hero academia x reader #katsuki bakugo x reader #tamaki amajiki x reader

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mikcyla · 3 years

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/ * ( 𝐑𝐘𝐀𝐍 𝐃𝐄𝐒𝐓𝐈𝐍𝐘, 𝟐𝟑, 𝐂𝐈𝐒𝐅𝐄𝐌𝐀𝐋𝐄, 𝐒𝐇𝐄 / 𝐇𝐄𝐑 ) 𝐌𝐈𝐊𝐀𝐘𝐋𝐀 𝐎'𝐃𝐀𝐘 has finished their interview process and is officially a cast member of the bali life ! let’s give a huge round of applause because this is their 𝐒𝐄𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐃 season with us . in their interview they stated they hope to be known as 𝐌𝐈𝐒𝐒 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐆𝐄𝐍𝐈𝐀𝐋𝐈𝐓𝐘 and are from 𝐍𝐄𝐖 𝐎𝐑𝐋𝐄𝐀𝐍𝐒 , 𝐋𝐎𝐔𝐈𝐒𝐀𝐍𝐀 . they chose to stay at 𝐇𝐎𝐔𝐒𝐄 𝐀 in room 𝐅𝐎𝐔𝐑 . let’s hope they see it out till the end !

ayo heyo ! i’m sam and this is the loml mikayla ! i’m gonna keep this short & sweet cause if i don’t . . we’re gonna be here forever . i do have discord , sam thee devil#6592 ( how fitting ) & we can discuss my love for drama , cry over plots too oKAY BYE ! enjoy the show :~)

those who personally know mikayla o’day say that she’s always been this way . . you don’t know ? haven’t you seen the show ? well , according to her wikipedia page :

from a relatively young age , mikayla’s parents knew their daughter was practically destined for greatness . they weren’t sure why or how this goal would be achieved, but they did know that it was bound to happen . this meant enrolling their daughter in singing lessons , afterschool , tutoring , ballet , girl scouts , art , any form of academic enrichment : all coming together to provide the femme with all the necessary skills and ambition to succeed in ultimately anything . so she did . of course , not everything was glitter and rainbows since mikayla quickly learned how vicious the human race could be . often , she found herself as the butt of very harsh jokes , centered around her strong opinions and early succession in school .

the backlash was ultimately too much for her to handle so quickly , especially at a young age , experiencing a mid - life crisis a quarter too early . an opinionated scholar slowly transitioned into a shy , closeted wreck , who relied on skating by and diming her light in order to survive the treacherous jungle that was high school . her once bustling schedule was practically school and back home , as far as she was concerned , losing every bit of motivation to do anything else . . before college that is . new atmosphere and actual level - headed people seemed to spark some semblance of life back into her . being around people with ambitions and crystal clear visions of their futures forced o’day to follow suit , eventually falling in love with previously devoted activities . it wasn’t all strictly books however , it was college after all ! days were spent studying and prepping for tests . . nights usually resulted in drinking , mostly forgetting about all of it the next day . what she does remember involved a dare : apply to be on the bali life . no way they could want her .

flash forward through the green screen meetings and countless camera tests , she’s in , marked official by the casting photoshoot . everything seemed to be going s m o o t h l y as far as she was concerned , having experienced the normal situations that one would . love triangles , gossip , petty house drama . in all honesty , mikayla was convinced the reunion would only briefly mention her . . until the biggest bombshell of the season dropped . all is fair within these challenges , marking up her most important loss as simply that , a bad day . . until it was revealed that two of the closest people to her teamed up in order to take her down . who knew there was actually power in numbers . following the show’s release , reliving the horror only fueled the fire to come back even stronger . the need to cater to the audience no longer lingered in the back of her mind since , come on , no one is ever truly liked in these things . to say she’s ready would serve as a complete understatement , but one thing she’s fully aware of is the need to be one hundred percent herself .

𝐖𝐀𝐍𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐍𝐄𝐂𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 :

𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐩𝐥𝐞𝐭𝐞 𝐨𝐩𝐩𝐨𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐞 : their friendship wasn’t generally expected to take place considering the clear , crystal cut differences between them . . but mikayla can’t help but run to them in order to level herself out . definitely one of the reasons why she’s sane , or as sane as one could possibly be in that house . basically her comfort person . ( could totally be platonic )

𝐫𝐢𝐯𝐚𝐥 ( 𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐩𝐞𝐭𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐰𝐢𝐬𝐞 ) : having stayed in the house before , one would think mikayla would have a slight advantage . the furthest from the truth . but her skills are easily matched by the other . . which excites her as much as it taunts her . will occasionally find herself doing anything in her power to distract them , whether it be flirting or low blows .

𝐟𝐚𝐤𝐞 𝐟𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐧𝐝𝐬 : there’s power in numbers , that’s no secret , which is why mikayla and this person have established this relationship . if you wanna call it that . they’re very hot and cold with one another , seeking each other at their lowest or in order to get some advantage over another . it’s sick , but makes for amazing reality television .

𝐡𝐨𝐮𝐬𝐞 𝐟𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐠 : after last season , mikayla’s focus is primarily held in redeeming herself from mistakes made prior . however , it would be dumb to exclude herself from having options , especially when the thought of being back was incredibly daunting . cue them sneaking off , glances across the room , cuddles . anything to survive that house .

+ also wanted : [ best friends , exes , lovers to enemies , acquaintances , platonic friendships , friends with benefits , slow-burn relationship , forbidden love , secret relationship . ]

#baliintro #super duper excited !#let's plot tho ;~)

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fapangel · 3 years

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>need to make our primary CAS aircraft heavier and slower | So it's doctrinal then. >heavier; fair enough it IS a gigantic cow >slower; It's literally faster than both Apache and Viper and if my memory serves well Operation Mount Hope III was motivated largely by that.

Okay, since I’m awake I can say a little more about this. Rotary wing isn’t really my thing but I have some general thoughts derived from a wider familiarity with (combat) aviation, the physics and the engineering trade-offs that result from it to hazard some guesses.

Welcome, to Brainlet Theater. You have been warned.

First off, there is some obvious utility in having attack helicopters with some small passenger capacity, and we know this... because we’ve done it with our own Apaches:

Them dudes sitting on the outside of the chopper? They’re secured to the machine with a short purpose-made strap. This is mainly useful for getting a downed crew out of dodge in a hurry, but it’s also been used operationally and offensively; some Royal Marines (the absolute mad lads) rode into a Taliban compound on Apaches to provide a small ground presence while the gunships did most of the blasting.

So the capability is definitely useful. But, generally speaking, the point of a gunship is to optimize for the guns, not the ship. With that said, however, infantryman are heavy; esp. once you’re done adding body armor, guns, lots of ammo and their packs. Easily 300~ish pounds a man, and you want to lug at least 9 of them in there (the average squad) on one transport, and hopefully more.

So, intrinsically, a transport chopper has a big strong engine and a lot of lift capacity, which means a passenger transport and an ammo/cargo transport are basically the same aircraft, with the difference being a few lightweight bucket seats most of the time.

Now keeping this in mind, consider that one thing every attempt at airborne cav has learned is that inserting while people are trying to shoot you down is very goddamned hard. Because of this, it’s always very, very good to bring as many damned guns as you can to shoot back and cover your own approach and the landings of your wingmen. This job is, of course, ideally suited to gunships... but the nature of combat means that the best gun you can possibly have to return fire is one on your own aircraft. Whoever is shooting at you, personally tends to be very obvious to you, and even in the modern era, with the nascent age of Information Warfare upon us, it is still almost always quicker to point your own gun at the guys lighting you up and hose them down than to call the gunships and hope that 1. they see the dudes without you playing 20 questions while you’re getting lit up and 2. have ammo left and 3. aren’t already busy trying to save someone else’s ass. And the more guns all of you bring to shoot back with, the better - simple as.

This is why the Chinooks that the Special Forces use to insert have a big-ass minigun on each side, and why even the Osprey - which doesn’t really have many good places to put a gun and not much weight allowance to carry one - ended up finally working out an articulated arm to get a machine gun useable from the back ramp, and they’re still working on installing a minigun in a forward firing belly mount for the pilots to use when entering hot landing zones; much like the nose-mounted miniguns found in some LOH’s and Hueys in Vietnam.

In short, between the very strong need for more guns and the extra lift capacity transport choppers require, bolting more guns onto them is something that almost every military ends up doing. And once you have some “defensive” guns on there, it’s not a big stretch to shrug, pull all the troops off, and use that aircraft to build a dedicated gunship out of. Many Hueys in Vietnam were built like this, and in the modern era the Russian MI-8 “Hip” (and the many successor choppers which more or less share an airframe and appearance, but sport vastly upgraded engines) are much the same. The difference between a Hip or Huey transport and a Hip or Huey gunship, in both cases, boils down to - are you using your load capacity for troops, or for guns? The ultimate example of this in practice was the ACH-47A, Chinooks that were modified into very fucking big dedicated gunships.

However - gunship helicopters like the Cobra and Apache exist for a reason. If one looks at the Cobra, you’ll note how very thin a profile it presents from the front - a stark contrast to the w i d e Huey. Then there’s the seating arrangements, the gimballed, turreted gun, and of course the significant change in flight characteristics, maneuverability, and of course efficient use of armoring. A purpose-built gunship is always going to be better at being a gunship than a transport or general purpose chopper loaded down with ordinance.

The point of all the above is this: guns are always good. Troop transport capacity is very useful. So gunships tend to either be general purpose/troop transport choppers that evolve into gunships, or gunships that finagle some way to sling a few passengers if need be.

So - which one do you think the Hind is?

Well, take a look at an early A model and have you a guess:

Compare and contrast this to a civilian MI-8 HIP, the aforementioned ubiquitous general-purpose chopper:

Yeah. In point of fact, the MI-24 was based off a fucking MI-8 (if Wikipedia is to be believed.) The Hind stands out, however, because just from what I got skimming the MI-24′s Wikipedia article, it seems that Mikhail Mil, the Hind’s designer, anticipated that the air cav concept would end up mirroring the armored personnel carrier’s experience - to wit, once one is armoring a vehicle to directly insert troops into a fight, one also discovers that firepower is as crucial as armor in keeping the troops alive until they can deploy. Hence he was thinking of a chopper as a “flying infantry fighting vehicle.” In practice this simply means that Mikhail Mil was smart enough to add some stubby wings and hardpoints onto his design to begin with. America’s air cav concept didn’t have nearly as much focus on armed helicopters to begin with - perhaps not unjustifiably, as US forces knew they could count on some very, very thorough fixed wing air support to cover landings. Once they found out just how hard air insert was, they started taking Hueys and packing them with firepower.

The Wikipedia article says “the early 1960s” so there’s no strict dates involved, but if I had to guess, I’d say Mikhail Mil was going around talking to Soviet brass and pitching his hybrid aircraft - a transport that traded half it’s troop transport capability to carry some boom boom to get them down alive with - at roughly the same time the US Army was packing Hueys full of miniguns to turn them into gunships to cover the troop transports (”slicks.”) Thus, the wisdom of Mil’s tradeoff was immediately apparent.

Hence my comments on the MI-24 before - given that it was based on a transport chopper, and envisioned as a hybrid platform, you can see how dedicated gunships would have an advantage at being a gunship.

H o w e v e r - this is not to say that the MI-24 is necessarily bad.

Let’s take another look at it.

Using the cockpits (and thus the pilots) for scale; compare and contrast to a Cobra:

And the Apache:

You’ll note right away that the Hind is a fucking big helicopter. Empty weight of almost 19,000 pounds to an Apache or Cobra’s 11,000 pounds. This is neither good nor bad; more weight makes your aircraft more ungainly, slower to maneuver and a bigger target, but also gives you more room for guns, missiles, armor and fuel. Wanting more is why the ACH-47 gunship was built, recall.

Now look at our Hind again:

Since it wasn’t just a transport chopper with guns bolted on, but was originally envisioned as a hybrid platform, it has a good, purpose-built seating arrangement for the pilot and gunner, and stubby wings that both provide a place to mount munitions and provide lift in forward flight. The Hind’s excessive size - and the large size of the stub-wings - work together for the Hind; that longcat fuselage and weight will work against it if you want to do helicopter things like drifting sideways and strafing and such, but with those big-ass engines and sizable wings it should handle pretty damn well flying in a forward direction; if you were to handle it more like a fixed-wing aircraft.

Now note, especially, where the passenger compartment is (with the windows.) If you were to redesign the machine with no passenger room whatsoever - what would you put there? Fuel tanks, perhaps? The passenger accommodations don’t actually cost the Hind that much weight; they’re just empty seats and some empty space. The engines are above that compartment; if you eliminated it it’d just look goofy, like a hollow-bellied Skycrane with nothing (much) taking up the space intended for cargo:

To actually utilize that wasted volume you’d have to redesign the entire goddamned chopper to position the engines, fuel tanks, stub wings, etc. To make something skinny and efficient like a Cobra, or a lot shorter and more evenly distributed like an Apache... and at that point, you may as well make the chopper smaller, lighter and more nimble, as well, and make up the difference in munitions by just building a few extra choppers.

In other words, it seems to me that for a chopper of it’s weight class, the Hind doesn’t actually suffer that much from having passenger capacity. The need for that capacity is what determined its weight class to begin with; but once you move into bigger, heavier choppers like that, engineering and aerodynamics considerations means that even a purpose-built gunship isn’t going to get all the advantages that smaller gunships do, but you’ll still be copping some of the disadvantages of a big chopper. IN general, the more mass you are throwing around, the harder it becomes to start and stop on a dime, and if you’re using the extra power from bigger engines to carry as many munitions as you can, you don’t have that power available to course-correct - at least, until you expend that ammo and fuel.

Much like a modified MI-8, the Hind always has the option of leaving the troopers at home so it can carry more ammo - hell, sometimes MI-24s use their passenger compartment for door gunners, helping to compensate for the lower maneuverability! Fire arcs to the rear are restricted a bit by the wings and weapon pods, but given that you’d be handling a big, heavy, fast chopper like that more like a plane - making strafing runs instead of trying to play peek-a-boo from behind ridgelines - that’s less of a concern.

In sum; the defining characteristic of the Hind, to me, is that it’s just a big helicopter; and an integral capacity for more payload is part of a big helicopter’s intrinsic nature, just as limited maneuverability is. And those tradeoffs translate directly to how they do gunship things; bringing more firepower (good) but less maneuverability (bad.) Whether or not that tradeoff is a net benefit or drawback rides heavily on whether or not the operator’s overall force structure and doctrine is suited to take advantage of the platform’s strengths and mitigate its weaknesses. For instance, if you’re a Soviet successor state operating Hinds, you may well purchase some Little Birds; when not being used for Little Bird things, they would very neatly complement your Hinds in combat; being fast, nimble little monsters that can turn and pounce on pop-up threats like Rikki Tikki Tavi on cocaine.

So America doesn’t have a straight analogue to the MI-24 because, doctrinally, we don’t have a need or desire for a big gunship helicopter... but that doesn’t mean that big gunship helicopters are inherently bad.

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chrismalcolmhnd2c · 4 years

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White shirts

©Alex Franco

©The cloth project

“What lies behind appearance is usually another appearance” Mason Cooley

Research the Narrative

Within your blog/workbook – research Social Portraiture. There will be more task and support within the Contextual Studies Class.

Tell the Story

This brief will form your introduction to the new Covid 19 rules within the studios and the store at COGC and will help you get to know your research/studio group.

Re - familiarise yourself with the equipment available to you in the studio and store. Take note of any new procedures required to keep you and your group safe whilst in the studio.

Make a portrait of one or more of your group.

Demonstrate your understanding of metering within the studio.

The theme for this shoot is very simple. Your sitter/s should wear plain white shirt/s.

Make sure all equipment is cleaned down as per requirements from the store.

Edit and refine: Complete worksheet

Professional practice – Health and safety considerations when working with others.

market awareness – workflow – presentation options.

Colour correction and image optimisation.

Maintaining clean white through white balance.

Submission: 1 Final A3 300ppi jpeg folio ready image. Upload to my city.

Social Portraiture Research

The term “social portraiture”, references the art of capturing a social moment, with careful attention paid to elements such as emotion, personality, as well as a possible representation of the events that led up to that particular moment.

Portraits are effective when they speak to both the informational and the social—showing, telling and inviting the imagination.

A posed or contrived portrait inevitably results in conceptual shallowness. To understand social portraiture, one also has to understand the context (personal, social, political) which led to a particular moment being captured.

Inspirational photographers are largely the ones who mastered the careful balancing act of emotion and information to create portraits which strike a chord with the viewer: Richard Avedon, William Eggleston, Nadav Kander, Milton Rogovin, and Les Krims as examples.

Source: http://jeffemtman.com/jeff-emtman-concentration.pdf

The word “portrait” comes from the Latin “portrahere,” translated as “to drag out, reveal, expose.” (Walker, 16). Wikipedia provides a good example of the common understanding to which these roots have developed. “A portrait is a painting, photograph, sculpture, or other artistic representation of a person, in which the face and its expression is predominant. The intent is to display the likeness, personality, and even mood of the person.” The more rigorous Oxford English Dictionary (OED) gives several distinct definitions for “Portrait,” each with its own variants. The first, and most common, echoes Wikipedia: “A drawing or painting of a person, often mounted and framed for display, esp. one of the face or head and shoulders. Also, an engraving, photograph, etc., in a similar style.” A variant for sculpture also appears: “A statue (full size or as a bust), an effigy.

Source: https://lucian.uchicago.edu/blogs/mediatheory/keywords/portrait/

An important area of "contact" between photography and sociological research, in terms of subject matter, and to some degree, intent (e.g. charting societal change and raising social issues) is "social documentary photography". Current researchers in visual anthropology/sociology are well aware of social documentary photography and the use of the combination of photographs and text in the "documentary photo book”. There is growing interest, at least in Britain, in the history and recent development of forms of social documentary photography, by photographers, cultural critics and galleries, as indicated by publication of both newer and older work. Prominent recent photographic issues have been focused around the connections between photography, surveillance and voyeurism, etc. and the possibilities of street photography in current socio-political contexts. This tradition of social investigation and documentary reportage (PRICE, 2004) can be traced back to RIIS's photographs of the poor in New York in the late 19th century; HINE's images of work people and social conditions (c.f. with the Pittsburgh Survey) in the early 20th century; and the famous work of the Farm Security Administration (FSA) in the US and other documentary in the 1930s, depicting the lives of farm workers and others.

A related documentary form is the "photo-essay" found in the photo-magazine in the inter-war years up to the early 1950s. The "pinnacle" of the "photo-book", which also broke "beyond" the "genre", was AGEE and EVANS's "Let Us Now Praise Famous Men" (originally to be an article for Fortune) based on the lives of three farming families. It is a poetical, biblical, factual, descriptive, radically auto-ethnographic script which veers from the smallest aspects of the life of poor tenant farmers to profound questions of human existence. One very striking feature of the work requires comment: EVANS's photographs (including individual and group portraits) are displayed uncaptioned at the very start of the book. Another "tradition" of the "photo-book" can be identified, leading back (in particular) to the work of BRASSAI on Paris, and BRANDT on the "English", in the 1930s (BROOKMAN, 2007; CAMPANY, 2006; DELANY, 2004; POIRIER, 2005) and surrounded by a broader current of "humanistic realism". This was followed during the mid 1950s, when an ambivalent, alienated, or ironic view of social life (often transgressing photographic conventions) was offered in Robert FRANK's "travelogue" across the U.S. and William KLEIN's view of New York. This work not only pointed to social division and the gap between reality and illusion, it was also a personal account of creativity and experience. It was influential on the growth of "street photography" (with its mix of the "quirky" and "mundane") depicting urban lives, during the 1960s and 1970s. Roy E. STRYKER, who directed the photographic work of the FSA (Farm Security Administration) from 1935, was an economist who had previously made extensive use of photographs.

The work and life of Dorothea LANGE, in particular, is undergoing renewed attention and reassessment—in terms of the "aesthetics" of her photographs (i.e. according to her "realism" and "humanism"), and the "politics" of her photographs and photographic practice. Her "classic" photo-book, "An American Exodus" (1939) (with Paul TAYLOR), and her "reports from the field" are still of interest for social documentarians (e.g. the relation between photographs, and also between photographs and types of text, including quotes, description, and background or "found" materials).

The above areas of photography (social documentary, photo book, street photography, and related areas) are important sources of portraiture since they show people situated within their everyday social situations. To these "genres" can be added, for research purposes, "found" sources such as professional portraiture (in the studio and elsewhere) and informal picture-taking (by friends, families, etc). Finally, at least some mention should be made regarding the "documentary" work oral historians who have long used portrait and other photographs in the study of working lives, communities, health, migration and other areas and more recently have pioneered Web based resources.

Source: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/277219754_Photographic_Portraits_Narrative_and_Memory#pf8

Editing workbook: WHITE SHIRT.

STUDIO CHECKLIST: Health and safety in the studio due to covid 19

Please refer to this before and after all shoots

Activity: White Shirts

Does this activity require the use of a photographic studio?

Lighting, backdrop and flags req.

Are you free of all symptoms attributed to covid – 19?

Are you wearing a face mask? (unless exempt)

Apart from when being the model.

Are you able to maintain a safe social distance of 2m?

Have you made sure it is only you and your studio partner that are in your studio space?

Our group is 3.

Have you access to hand sanitizer?

Is your equipment clean?

If borrowing or lending equipment have you used hand sanitizer before and after use?

PC cord.

If working with studio equipment have you cleaned the work area and kit before and after use?

Have you read the most recent government and college guidelines on social distancing?

Have you effectively pre planned your shoot?

Have you effectively planned your time in the studio, to make the most of your studio day?

NB: If you come across a studio that has been left untidy or see other students not following guidelines, please report immediately and confidentially to your lecturer or guidance tutor.

The “white” part of this brief is vital in the success of the image, consider the ways in which control the white balance of the image, both in shooting and editing to obtain the crispest white you can for the shoot.

White balance

Find a diagram that explains colour temperature, in relation to photography

Source: https://www.shutterstock.com/blog/color-temperature-3-point-lighting-basics

Explain or show diagram of how you correct white balance using your camera.

The best way to obtain the correct white balance is through the “Preset (PRE)” setting. Simply hold a white card in front of the camera lens and press the shutter button. The camera will then read the correct colour temperature of the light that gets reflected from the white card and will use it instead.

The process of changing white balance in a digital camera varies from manufacturer to manufacturer and model to model. For example, most Nikon professional cameras such as Nikon D300s/D700/D3s have a dedicated “WB” button on the top dial, while cameras such as Nikon D90 have a “WB” button on the back of the camera close to the LCD screen. So, in order to change it, all I need to do is hold the WB button with one hand, then rotate the rear dial counter-clockwise. All current Nikon DSLRs also allow you to change white balance through a menu setting.

Source: https://photographylife.com/what-is-white-balance

Explain the difference between colour correction and colour grading.

Colour correction is a technical process that fixes colour issues and makes images appear as natural as possible. The idea is for colours to look clean and real, as human eyes would see them in the real world.

Colour grading is also technical, but it's more of a creative process. The colour grading process adds atmosphere and emotion to shots by colouring images in new, often unnatural ways.

Source: https://www.studiobinder.com/blog/color-grading-vs-color-correction-process/

Explain your editing workflow to correct colour casts.

Method 1

The “Levels Adjustment Layer” tool in Photoshop that can be used to remove and neutralise colour cast.

Method 2

When a colour cast is dominant, the “Match Colour” technique will make the biggest difference and it requires only one click.

· Go to Image -> Adjustments -> Match Colour

· In the window that appears, check the box for Neutralise

· Click OK

Method 3

Use the “Temp” and “Tint” sliders

To remove a colour cast manually, drag the “Temp” slider to the left to cool your photo or drag it to the right to warm it.

If you have a green or magenta tint, use the “Tint” slider to offset it. Drag the tint slider to the left to add green or drag it to the right to add magenta.

Method 4

Use the “White Balance Selector”

· The White Balance Selector, often called the eyedropper tool, can remove a colour cast with one click. Click the eyedropper icon to select the tool. Then click an area in your photo that you think should be neutral grey.

Your own shoot.

Lighting diagram: showing how you set up your studio for the shoot.

For these shots, we first set up a black backdrop with strobes set up as per the diagram above and used an LED ring light positioned first centre and straight on to the model. We also used flags to reduce the light spill from the strobes onto our subject.

For the second half of our shoot, we used a white backdrop and swapped the ring light for a soft box, positioned centre, then left then right.

Four best images

What do you like about this image?

I think this image works well as it has good catchlights (we used a ring light) and I like the defining shadows on the right-hand side of the models face.

What do you like about this image?

I like the viewpoint of this image as it portrays the model in a position of dominance and power. I also think the low-key lighting on the left of the subject’s face works well and adds drama to the shot.

What do you like about this image?

I like the natural pose and composition of this shot. I also think the catchlights work well to engage the viewer.

What do you like about this image?

This shot works well as the focus is sharp on the model’s face, while sightly soft on her hair which helps convey the motion in the image.

BEST IMAGE EDIT: Before

What edits would best optimise this image?

This image would benefit from being colour corrected in Photoshop (I feel it is slightly warm and has too much red, so would reduce the colour temperature to make the image cooler) I would also crop the shot to cut out the small section of hand showing on the right, along with using the “Spot Heal” tool to smooth out some areas around the face and “Dodge” and “Burn” tools to lighten the teeth to make them more white and reduce some of the slightly blown out highlights on the model’s nose and chin. I also plan on adding a very small amount of “Clarity” and increasing the contrast slightly.

BEST IMAGE EDIT: After.

How have your edits improved the whiteness of your shirt?

Yes, I feel the colour of the shirt is a lot more natural looking now and closer to how it appears to the naked eye. I think the other edits, as described above, also enhance and improve the image.

#white

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interesting-blog-name · 4 years

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Gorillaz - Demon Days Review

The concept of a band like Gorillaz was always, to me, a bit odd. A virtual band with fictional members and plot seemed a bit unnecessary to me, but I now realize it’s a nice way to set them apart from any other group. As they are not real, tailoring the story behind the band is a free canvas for Damon and whoever else works in the creative process. To insert myself into the world of this band, I chose to start with Demon Days.

The first listen I gave to this album was terrible, as I was super tired and listening to it felt like a chore. This, combined with the fact that on the second listen I enjoyed the record considerably more, has left me wondering: how much of my opinions on records are products of immediate emotions and how I feel when listening to an album, regardless of whether or not I actually like it? Can I dislike an album just because I’m angry at something else, or the other way around? Looking back at reviews I wrote just months ago, I already feel differently towards them, and this left me thinking about why I review in the first place. How do I know if I like something for myself, or because of what other people think? I honestly don’t know, but I’ve come to the conclusion that I should judge an album by what it tries to be, how well and clearly it does it, how it impacts me, and how good it sounds; keeping in mind that this is not my job, nor is it something I’m an expert on, at all, only something I do for fun.

Something else that sets the band apart is their lack of a central genre. According to Spotify’s algorithm, Gorillaz are an alternative hip hop and art pop band, and to Wikipedia, the album is alternative rock, dark pop, alternative hip hop and trip hop. While these labels somewhat fit, the band feels more like a working ground for their real-life musician counterparts, Damon, the featured rappers and singers, and the producers behind their music. Due to this, the album is somewhat hard to describe objectively, as some of the songs merge elements of whichever genre they feel like to create something new.

The title of the record describes it very well; Demon Days is an ode to the present ails the world and its inhabitants are going through, from climate change to war to personal hurt. A few detours do take place, mainly the tracks that contain features, as they tend to distance themselves from the central theme to provide fitting and surgical rapped verses. The exception to this is the fantastic verse by Booty Brown of The Pharcyde, who paints a vivid, heavy and well-crafted picture of a soldier’s day-by-day in the track Dirty Harry (“I change your whole location to a pine box six under. Impulsive, don't ask why or wonder. Orders given to me is strike and I'm thunder. With lightning-fast reflexes on constant alert from the constant hurt that seems limitless with no drop in pressure.”). On the flipside, the tracks November Has Come, with the masterful wordplay in the two verses by MF DOOM, All Alone featuring Roots Manuva’s fast but hard to understand flow, and the hit Feel Good Inc., don’t have a heavy focus on their messaging, but are still very well put-together, with the band’s instrumentation featuring the rappers perfectly, and nice vocal melodies by Damon in Feel Good Inc.’s verse and the tracks’ choruses (except for the way too rudimentary and awkwardly-delivered “all alones” on the track of the same name). The instrumental in the band’s biggest hit is very indicative of why it became a hit in the first place, you simply can never forget that bassline and everything else going on in the song.

The instrumentation goes from classic rock to synth-heavy pop, to a mixture of the two, seemingly at random. Kids with Guns, O Green World and Every Planet We Reach Is Dead seem to do this best, with the former’s natural blend of acoustic instruments and light electronic sounds, the latter’s catchy riffs, mixed with the computerized white noise underneath, an O Green World’s weird, raven-like noise and grimy guitars sections separated from the synth section, which sounds like the theme for a side-scroller. That, coupled with Damon’s lo-fi singing and the vocal harmonies on top of it, make for a great track. For the more one-sided instrumentals, Dirty Harry definitely takes the cake, getting groovier and groovier to culminate at Brown’s verse, when the strings come in over the rapping, and the bass stands out amongst it all, to create this very epic and grand moment; the only problem I have with the track is that the verse seems to be mixed a little too low.

On the opposite side of the more synthetic instrumentations, there are tracks like Last Living Souls and DARE. The former, the first song you hear in the album, is not nearly a favorite. The vocal melodies are off-putting and weirdly sequenced, they never seem to hit quite the right note, and the instrumentation is a bit too idle for comfort, as the whole track feels like it lacks solid ground; maybe the bassline isn’t as powerful as some other cuts. Apart from that, I don’t like how the song progresses into its outro, as to my ears it sounds like the band just pull out any instrument they want and clam it when the track is ending just for the hell of it, something I feel repeats, albeit more lightly, in Every Planet We Reach Is Dead’s unnecessarily long outro. Out of a sudden there’s a piano, violins, 2D is screaming in the background, it’s just not it. As for DARE, along with Feel Good Inc., I knew the song long before I decided to listen to the album, and I always considered it a fine track, one that you just can’t keep from dancing to, but in the context of the album, I can’t understand why it’s there (no pun intended). The track doesn’t really go anywhere with itself nor the album, and Shaun’s contribution is really only notable because of his infamous live performances of the song. It is a black sheep in how dark it isn’t, and I’d say it doesn’t belong.

Unfortunately, the album feels as if it loses its composure after the track All Alone, and lets go of a streak of impressively built tracks. Immediately after comes the track White Light, easily the worst in the album, with fictional bassist Murdoc whispering “White light, alcohol” over and over again, over some grunge-like distorted guitars, and a sudden heavenly intermission in the song. It isn’t something I want to hear, in short. After that is the already-mentioned DARE, and then the outro of the album commences with Fire Coming out of the Monkey’s Head, a parable narrated by actor Dennis Hopper over a hip hop influenced instrumental, at times interrupted by Damon and an acoustic guitar, delivering something of a bluegrass tone to the track. Next is the thematic sequel Don’t Get Lost in Heaven, a song I find unnecessary to the progression of the album, as the messaging is somewhat ambiguous and repeated, and the choir and angelic instrumentation isn’t impactful, or at least not as impactful as in the outro, Demon Days, where the guitars incorporate a dub sound under a much better sounding choir, delivering a positive message on how the eponymous demon days are temporary, and to look on the bright side of life, send off the album in a nice, light tone. What kills this song for me is what I think is the worst vocal performance in the album apart from Murdoc in White Light, and that is Damon’s weird, high-pitched squeals at the start of the song that are impossible to understand; if it wasn’t for them, the outro would have been almost perfect, as I think the violins work much better here than anywhere else in the album.

As far as concepts go here, the lyrics are solid. I like how personal the songwriting gets to the problems the Earth faces, on songs such as O Green World and El Mañana (“Summer don’t know me no more, he got mad, that’s all”), but it isn’t anything crazy or eye-catching. Songs like Last Living Souls don’t make a lot of sense upfront, and many times the vocals are also hard to understand; I don’t think I need to touch on White Light and DARE again. And speaking a little on the parable, I personally really like the idea of having a narrated story to close up the project, but it unfortunately gets dragged down a bit from the following tracks, and the ending of the album ends up a little bloated and uneventful.

I feel this album has a good concept backing it – even if it doesn’t stick to it as best as it could – superb guests, nice but sometimes clustered production, enjoyable vocals and song topics, but unfortunately, it gets really past its prime on the last 6 tracks, and falls hard from a streak of very enjoyable songs. I will certainly check out more of their music in the future.

FAVORITE TRACKS: Dirty Harry, O Green World, Feel Good Inc., November Has Come, Kids with Guns

LEAST FAVORITE TRACKS: White Light, Last Living Souls, Don’t Get Lost in Heaven

6.45/10

“O green world, don’t desert me now. Made of you and you of me, but where are we?”

#gorillaz #demon days #album review #album #review #alt-rock #hip-hop #dark pop #art pop #idk anymore

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iohourtime · 5 years

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Moeyo Ken (Burn! O Sword!) - Novel Recap 1

One good thing about a book/manga adaptation is that you can read the story right away, spend the next few months contemplating how certain scenes will be adapted, getting hyped while reading about people saying how the casting is all wrong, and then hopefully not be disappointed when the movie inevitably end up being different from your imagination!

Moeyo Ken, a 2-volume historical novel about Hijikata Toshizo and the Shinsengumi, written by Shiba Ryotaro1 will be adapted into a 2020 movie directed by Harada Masato. They only announced the cast for 5 key characters as of end of April 2019:

Hijikata Toshizo (Okada Junichi) - “Demon” Vice Commander. Originally from Hino, near Edo (Tokyo's former name).

Oyuki (Shibasaki Kou) - Hijikata’s one true love; a widow from Edo who followed her late (unnamed) husband to Kyoto.

Kondo Isami (Suzuki Ryohei) - Commander and Hijikata’s childhood friend.

Okita Souji (Yamada Ryosuke) - Captain of the First Unit and kind of like Hijikata and Kondo’s little brother. (Also Hijikata & Okita are rather popular ships. They are HijiOki.)

Serizawa Kamo (Ito Hideaki) - The original Commander of the Shinsengumi.

Harada also adapted and directed2 Sekigahara (2017), another Shiba novel about the rise of the Tokugawa shogunate. I watched that movie and ended up spending a good hour on Wikipedia trying to make sense who's who 😅. So while the Shinsengumi story is more straightforward, it might be helpful to have some background before watching Moeyo Ken.

I split this into two posts. The first is a brief background of the era, including some details of the story itself. In order to keep the spoilers to a minimum, the plot I did include might be a bit vague. The second talks about the main characters, specifically the trio. There are major spoilers on what happened to them. (Or you can look at Wikipedia. 😅) While there are other interesting characters in the Shinsengumi, they were more like background characters in the novel. Moeyo Ken is predominantly about Hijikata3, with Kondo and Okita as major secondary characters. Anyway, you can decide if you want to skip any parts. (If you just want to read about Okita, click the link here and skip to the end. 😅)

The movie officially cranked up on April 27. Suzuki Ryohei posted some location shots (just scenery) on his blog here. I guess if you want to visit the filming locations, you can use this as the guide.

The World of Moeyo Ken

Disclaimer: I don't know much about Japanese history. This is more of the worldview of the novel. Shiba definitely took some liberties and included some fictional elements.

Moeyo Ken was set in the Bakumatsu4 period and the story spanned most of the decade of 1860. Although there was an emperor at that time, the military power belonged to the Bakufu (the shogunate), which was led by the Tokugawa family for almost 300 years. Due to corruption within the Bakufu and a fear of foreigners, a group of rebels, the Ishin Shishi, or more commonly the Tobaku faction, tried to bring down the Bakufu and restore military power to the Emperor. As the Ishin Shishi (many were from the Choshu samurai clan5) were causing trouble, the Bakufu decided to do an open recruitment for a “roshigumi”, or ronin squad. Ronin (wanderers) were simply warriors who didn't serve a master. They could be ex Samurai or just regular folks.

Back in those days, you could only become a Samurai if you had the right lineage. Even if you were a superb swordsman, if you weren't born with the right connections, you were out of luck. So when the Bakufu opened up the recruitment to everyone, guys like Hijikata jumped at the chance to become a “real bushi (warrior)”. At the same time, people saw them as wannabes.

Hijikata was the youngest son in a relatively wealthy family that made medicine in Hino, near Edo. While he tried his hands at various jobs, at the beginning of the novel, his main job was to peddle his family’s secret formula, sometimes in exchange for one or two martial arts moves. He spent his spare time studying kenjutsu and hanging out with his best friend, Kondo, who was the heir of the Tennen Rishin-ryū (“TRR”) dojo. He eventually taught full time at the dojo with Kondo and Okita. Life was simple, other than the occasional (i.e semi-regular) duels to defend the territory. For that reason, the dojo also "employer" a number of outside martial artists by providing them with room and board. Approximately 1/6th of the novel dealt with the Hino arc, although I don’t know if Harada plan to adapt much of this. I actually liked this arc the most.

Due to a plague that devastated the villages and decimated the dojo’s business, plus an intention to do something for the government, Kondo took his group of 9 to join the roshigumi. In addition to the core 3, the gang included:

Inoue Genzaburō

Nagakura Shinpachi

Saitō Hajime

Harada Sanosuke (unlike the others, he used a spear)

Tōdō Heisuke

Yamanami Keisuke6 Looking back, the Bakufu was weak and corrupt while the Tobaku side represented hope and progress, so why did our guys align with them? At that time, the seat of power was in Kyoto, so the regular folks from Kanto tended to be less politically savvy. Furthermore, Hino’s region benefited greatly from the Tokugawa shogunate, so the guys joined the ronin squad partly out of loyalty. Of course there were other reasons why they stuck with the Bakufu after. I digressed.

When the TRR group joined the roshigumi, as they came from some backwater dojo, they were not valued by the leader at all. They also found out the leader was using the recruitment as a front to build his own army of nationalists, which was not what they signed up for. Kondo's faction joined forces with Serizawa Kamo's faction to form the Mibu Roshigumi (named after their base at Mibu Dera), which was affiliated with the Bakufu but not quite. As Serizawa had connections, he was installed as the first commander. Unfortunately, Serizawa’s gang was corrupt and went around bullying businesses and residents of Kyoto to pay them protection money, so his reign over Mibu Roshigumi didn't last long. Kondo became the next commander, Hijikata became the infamous “Demon Vice Commander”, and the group changed its name to the Shinsengumi. In its short history, there were power struggles, assassinations, betrayals etc. Yes, this squad lasted only about 5 years, culminating in a battle in Hakodate, Hokkaido.

Although the Shinsengumi was a police squad protecting the residents of Kyoto on paper, their real mission was to kill those any suspected Ishin Shishi. The Choshu samurai clan, in particular, was loved by the residents of Kyoto, so Kyoto itself was already somewhat sympathetic to the Tobaku side. So back in the days, the Shinsengumi was viewed as a bloodthirsty gang of wannabes, lapdogs of the Bakufu, and more like thugs hired by one of the pro-Bakufu Samurai clans. People actually called them the Wolves of Mibu. This changed with the Ikedaya Incident, in that people no longer called them that to their faces.

When Yamazaki Susumu, the resident spy in Shinsengumi, got word that the Ishin Shishi were planning something, the Bakufu tasked the group to arrest or kill the rebels. They learned from one of the rebels (through days of pretty graphic torture 😱) that they planned to set fire in Kyoto and used the confusion to kidnap the Emperor. The Shinsengumi was deployed. While 30+ Shinsengumi members took part in this mission, they actually split into 2 groups, so only 5 of them led by Kondo were at Ikedaya taking out 30+ opponents. As you can see, after the incident, people stopped dismissing the group. At least they were very effective and tactical!

Shinsengumi was not kind to its own people either. During Serizawa's reign, the organization was really no better than gangsters. So after Kondo took control, Hijikata created the (in)famous code with 5 articles (trimmed down from about 50):

Do not deviate from the bushido (Warrior's way)

Do not leave the Shinsengumi

Do not engage in private fundraising (more like coerced “fundraising”)

Do not part in others' litigation, and

Do not engage in private fights.

These rules were intended to get the members to fall in line, so while they were still bloodthirsty 😅, at least they were honorable! The punishment for breaking any of the 5 rules was death. You might be given the honour to commit seppuku*, beheaded, or assassinated. 😧 The Shinsengumi weren't very nice, right?

* Seppuku is a ritual suicide used by a samurai either to avoid surrendering or to atone for his sins. The samurai basically sliced himself across the abdomen. If he had the chance, he could nominate a person as his “second” to chop his head off and end the pain earlier. Once a samurai commit seppuku, he was viewed as having died honourably.

After Ikedaya, the Bakufu elevated the status of the Shinsengumi by making them an official branch. That was probably the peak of the group. Shortly after, Ito Kashitaro, who was very well educated and Tobaku, joined the Shinsengumi with the intention to steal the group away from Kondo. Hijikata hated his guts but Kondo loved and relied on him. At first anyway. Ito became very popular among the members. When Ito realized Kondo was all in with the Bakufu, he staged a coup (ish) and coerced Kondo and Hijikata into letting him leave with his faction. It was “resolved” in the Aburano Koji incident.

There was no time to breathe though. The Shinsengumi was immediately sent to fight against the Tobaku in the Toba-Fushimi battle during the Boshin War. Well, Bakumatsu literally means the end of Bakufu, so how do you think it went? 😅 Eventually Tokugawa gave up his military power, ending the shogunate’s 300 years of military rule. After the final battle in Hakodate, a new era begun - the Meiji Restoration period.

Early in the Meiji Restoration period, the Bakufu and Shinsengumi were vilified. But perhaps due to the charismatic and/or oddball characters of the squad, or perhaps they were like the ultimate underdogs, people started to view them in a different light over time7. Although Shiba never set out to show the Shinsengumi as nice people, his novels romanticized their escapades and brought new fans to the squad. The Shinsengumi has been pop culture fixtures, spawning numerous tv shows, movies, manga about their exploits and the brotherhood*. Even in defeat, the Shinsengumi were forged into the exquisite swords of Bakumatsu, and their lives burned with such intensity that nobody could ignore.

*Then there was Gohatto (Taboo), based on one of the short stories in Shiba's Shinsengumi Keppuroku, which explored the gay relationships within the squad. According to surviving letters written by Kondo to his family, homosexuality was quite widely practiced.

Notes

A well-known author of Japanese historical novels. ↩︎

Harada is a big Shiba fan, based on his extremely long comment on the movie webpage. He said that there were 3 incidents that shaped Japan's history: The battle of Sekigahara, Bakumatsu, and WWII. He has been hoping to adapt Moeyo Ken for a while. He apparently loved the HijiOki banter. Hopefully he kept most of them. ↩︎

Shiba’s other novel, Shinsengumi Keppuroku, actually delve more into the non-Hijikata characters. I do wonder how much of the other novel will Harada incorporate into the movie. ↩︎

Although the protagonists and antagonists had different agendas, they were all purportedly protectionists. It was a bit ironic later on when both sides relied on Western armory to fight their civil war. ↩︎

There were many Samurai clans across Japan and they each had difference allegiances and agendas. ↩︎

The names sound familiar, right? The Shinsengumi in Gintama was based on the historical characters, but they may not have the same personalities. Some characters appeared in Rurouni Kenshin too. ↩︎

I read online that there may have been BL fanfiction written about Hijikata and Okita as well as Hijikata and Kondo in the early 20th century. Apparently, someone found them in his or her grandmother’s belonging. 😅 ↩︎

#Moeyo Ken #novel #recap #background #okada junichi #shibasaki kou #suzuki ryohei #yamada ryosuke #ito hideaki #minor spoilers

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worldscienceassociation · 5 years

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Quantum Entanglement - The Mysticism

Assuming that relative to a quantum physicist, I know nothing about 'quantum entanglement', I do a search for “the definition of quantum entanglement” on my smartphone. I scroll past a couple pandering advertisements, and then I notice some horoscope / astrology related material. The little I know about 'quantum entanglement', it seems that astrology does set up the potential behavioral quantum states for the human. However, this metaphysical notion is of course totally absent from the true definition of 'quantum entanglement', which I found over Wikipedia to be the following:

“'Quantum entanglement' is a physical phenomenon that occurs when pairs or groups of particles are generated, interact, or share spatial proximity [for a time], in ways such that the 'quantum state' of each particle cannot be described independently of the state of the others, even when the particles are separated by a large distance.” The article goes on to explain that “measurements of physical properties such as position, momentum, spin, and polarization, performed on entangled particles, are found to be correlated.”

To explain what they mean by “correlated”, if we have two entangled particles, they naturally assume two totally unique quantum states. As in: they do not copy each other, by any means necessary. They must be totally unique, as such that when one's quantum state is changed, the other has a disturbance in it's quantum state as well, in such a way following the “Pauli Exclusion Principle”, as I remember it, the entangled particles cannot both assume the same quantum state. They are not unlike like a pair of sibling children who, though they appear similar, insist they are different in various specific ways.

So though scientists say that some bit of information can be transmitted faster than the speed of light between two particles if they are together experiencing quantum entanglement, they have a hard time saying why this is still an unusable approach for superluminal communication. Let me try to explain. Superluminal information transmission requires that we rapidly encode a succession of zeros and ones into one particle, and then decrypt the behavior of our other particle to receive the information, regardless of spatial distance between the particles. Instead of being able to do that, here's what happens instead: We encode a succession of zeros and ones into the quantum state of a particle. The entangled particle expresses instead a nearly randomized succession of numbers, varying from states labeled zero to eight, which due to 'Pauli Exclusion' type quantum entanglement, at no point is our output identical to the encoded input sequence of zeros and ones, and sadly neither is it identical to the inverse of our transmission, and so even if we could perhaps do some elaborate method to decode our received sequence, by the time we complete a pipeline process of decoding, we have added in a delay in processing which we can assume means our decoded stream of data is probably ending up roughly in obedience to an Einsteinian time-cone / light-cone in terms of the rate data is being transmitted through space. However, while that last bit hasn't been proven yet, I'm merely suggesting that that is the case because that would be perfectly ironic if it were true, and still explains how we have eliminated from consideration the possibility of faster than light transmission of data. As anyone with military experience may deduct, it would be critical that after superluminal communication was discovered, the civilians participating in the stock market remain unaware of any superluminal military communications, because not only would that imply an unfair playing board in stock trading, the military doesn't want any other countries to have that superluminal advantage. In the case of the US, we wouldn't know for sure if superluminal communication has been discovered until about 20 years after the fact of its application within the military.

Let's forget about these worldly problems and focus on the emergent issues of this 'quantum entanglement', zooming in on this phenomenon specifically. Note that 'quantum entanglement' doesn't have to be between just two particles, it could also be a group of particles. If for example a tiny particle collision is all it takes to create the quantum link of entanglement, then a sealed box with a gas at a given hot temperature will be 100% self-entangled before long, meaning every particle in the box entangled with every other particle, over a calculable duration of time inversely proportional to its temperature in Kelvin. (We can call this thought experiment, “Chenhall's Box”, and the duration “The Chenhall Time”.) This is an example of mass quantum entanglement, where an astronomical number of particles are considered together as entangled.

The issue of which particles in the box were the first ones to become entangled seems to be important, but let me address that later. Over a certain duration, they implicitly all become entangled. Or, to put it more accurately, after longer durations of time, the chances that there are any remaining non-entangled particles in the box become astronomically tiny. The number of particles (air molecules) in the box being in the billions, if there are not somehow billions of quantum states available to every single particle, there are at least billions of positions and velocities available for every single particle in the box, respectively.

Now I will raise my wager, and include “the entire universe”... At first, following the rules of quantum entanglement, if all particles in the entire universe were created initially in a 'big bang', then all of these particles will implicitly be entangled by that event, with an entanglement that implicitly fades over time. That would indicate a universe in which every particle is very strongly entangled with every other particle in the universe. However, given that astronomers are more recently distancing themselves from this captivating 'big bang' system of cosmology, we must also address an eternal, infinite static universe, in which there is some method of matter recycling taking place to continually renew the particle content of the many galaxies. In a universe obeying laws of thermodynamics, yet also being a static universe with no provable big bang, simply renewing itself forever, eventually we reach the conclusion that every particle in the universe has interacted enough with every other particle in the universe for them all to be entangled with each other in one 'group', although given the reality of the durations of matter creation and destruction, this entanglement will only be applicable to whole galaxies. This is extraordinarily good news, in my view, as it implies the manifested entropic contents of all galaxies must in fact be very similar. This means there is no reason for us to travel to other galaxies, as there is nothing new to find there. That would be the case, nothing new to be found in any galaxy that we won't find in our home galaxy of the Milky Way, though we must note the unentangled galaxies postulate would only be case where no particles and nothing but light is traveling between galaxies.

Its a tall order, and manifests in a different way in a 'big bang' cosmology than in a 'static universe' cosmology; this hypothetical situation where every particle is entangled with every other particle. There's no way to measure this entanglement of all particles in the universe or galaxy with all other particles in the universe or galaxy. We can establish that if all particles in the universe are entangled, that may be evidence of an all-at-once 'big bang' creation of the universe, and that if only particles within individual galaxies are totally entangled, then that becomes evidence for an eternal static universe. However, I am again setting up an irony, because we would need to have the ability to send probes to multiple galaxies if we were to be sure they weren't entangled in any way, and the primary problem with this is that after sending in probes to multiple galaxies, that would cause them to henceforth be entangled galaxies, even if they weren't before. Its a hilariously complex technical issue, not too much different than the problem of getting an accurate particle position and velocity measurement simultaneously (the Uncertainty Principle).

In addition, many psychic powers such as remote viewing and psychokinesis may rely for their existence on the fact of universal particle entanglement of all particles. Nearly forgotten in overlooked corners of ancient religions, or as freshly uncovered supernatural powers collated by the CIA in the 70's and 80's, “remote viewing” and “remote influencing”. Any throughly advanced explanation of the universe should also be able to explain the mechanisms through which these documented supernatural powers might operate.

So, provided all particles in our knowable universe are very likely moderately entangled, what particle is it that's mediating this entanglement? String theory of the 80's and 90's had mathematically proven the existence of a Tachyon as the instantaneous mediator particle, integrating the universe with itself over time by themselves percolating backwards through time. However, later versions of string theory were tasked with eliminating the necessity of the confusing, pesky instantaneous Tachyon particle. In my view, the military probably sincerely hoped scientists would stop trying to invent superluminal communication, so that they could prevent themselves from having to deal with the consequences of it, if it were proven to be possible.

So, given the mediator particle of the universe's entanglement with itself is probably the Tachyon, then what are the dimensions that must be used to account for this mass entanglement of astronomical numbers of particles? Heim Gauge theory that postulated Tachyions in the 50's requires at least six spatial dimensions. The number of quantum states available to each individual particle is obviously astronomically far less than the number of particles in a universe, so they differentiate also into higher dimensions of space. That is why we may have 'twin' particles occupying the same quantum state, since there are just too many particles for this not to be the case on occasion. At this point, I'm beginning to refer to “a given universe” when I think of “a given galaxy”, implying that, from this perspective, the larger universe may in fact be a multiverse already. So, the dimensions of entanglement are implied spatial dimensions, where specifically no two particles in the (astronomical) entangled group can occupy the same physical coordinate in space. Things don't want to overlap. This is an alternative to entangled particles avoiding the same quantum state, and creates a usual reality where atoms are bouncing off of each other, as none are allowed to overlap at the same point in space.

Given an eternal universe, eventually all particles that exist learn to behave as though entangled. If this applies to whole galaxies only, then it would imply non-entangled galaxies have similar content. Given that this universal entanglement is applied also to spatial location, the set of particles which is somehow not entangled with the rest of the galaxy cannot then exist in the same space as the entangled particles. This possibility suggests that additional dimensions of the universe may be overlapping without interacting with each other, and each of these overlapping dimensions are of similar content because of the total lack of entanglement between them and our dimension.

Now we move into some new territory, because if this is true for the known physical universe of particles, then it is also true for any universe of information / entropy. We may then treat a given complete genomic sequence of DNA as a special type of particle, carried and used only by living organisms. Species of life forms are then entangled in a web of unique attributes that is adapted for interdependence and for covering all available niches. Each individual species of life is unique, each occupying its own niche in order eek out an existence. Like a hyper-set, within a given species, the Pauli Exclusion principle then means that each individual member of the population of that species is also unique and differentiated; each individual occupying a unique socio-cultural niche for survival within the population of their own species on a given earth-universe. We may call an earth an entire universe as it applies to a web of species, as travel of any genomes between earths is about as unlikely as humans traveling between galaxies.

So, upon a given planet / island-universe of life, not only is every member of every species unique, every individual species on an island-universe / planet is unique. Looking for examples proving that this may not always be the case, it is generally the case except where we have twins. Entire genomes may be entangled, in ways where adjusting one genome will invisibly adjust all of the others. Genomes are entangled in such a way where as one genome fills a passive niche, a twin genome may fill the more dominant niche. This is the case with robusto and arabica coffee strains, as well as with sativa and indica strains of the cannabis plant. Who knows how common such pairs of genomes may be.

We may take a look and try to see which were the first genomes to become entangled together, the earliest genomes taking form upon this planet. Going back in time to look for anything of value, we could try a similar approach with the universe, and theorize about the first few particles to become entangled, apparently for most meaning the first few particles to coalesce after the big bang. These ancient particles we would assume would express relatively natural middle-of-the-road quantum states, instead of highly differentiated exotic hard-to-reach quantum states. It becomes interesting, because generally I don't think the big bang is a workable theory. Instead we could be examining the first few particles to be entangled via any individual explosion in the universe, such as initial particles entangled via close proximity to a gamma-ray burst.

Why is this interesting? Take a look again at the genomes of known prehistoric ancient life forms. We find that these genomes are expressing ancient plants like Gingko, prehistoric fungi like Turkey Tail, or ancient single-celled bacteria, which are all actually tremendously healthy to an extreme extent when we take them into the context of the modern world. If we ever cloned wooly mammoths, we would likely find them more docile than elephants... Ancient genomes are also responsible for the unchanging tardigrade, the lowly maggot, or the cockroach. These extremely refined genomes it seems have already taken their final form, where all possible evolutions have apparently been applied to a completed evolutionary pathway. This seems as ridiculous to the software engineer, like a piece of software (perhaps over-coded) which literally couldn't be programmed to do anything more than what it already does. We could imagine such a thing as a fractal, with almost nothing in common to the various digital software codes. It is not the sort of thing that was designed to be edited, these DNA codes. Where at first we saw stress or other pressures on the creature leading to evolution, this sort of Lamarckian evolution is now explained easily by the reality of genetic switching, where pieces of DNA code are switched on or off for the next generation in their expression, based on which experiential & chemical stimuli that the parents were subjected to.

What makes this most fascinating is when we apply the same logic to the universe of language. Now, the universe becomes the one individual who is capable of listening and speaking, a universe composed of the invisible materia of personality. The material universe we generally view as an external, that it would exist with or without us, though many people cannot believe that. The genetic universe, we humans regard ourselves as somewhat above, with some suspicion, and it appears to bring many of us to semi-religious conclusions about the origin of “we humans” as somehow special. Back to our language, which we humans specifically support, all words may be entangled with all other words, meaning counter-intuitively that all words are distinct and separate temporary particles. Each word has its entity as sound or written, and hyper-dimensionally to the conscious being within that its 'meaning', which is subject to the generalized rules of evolution over time, even though words have no hyper-centralized code storage comparable to DNA. The closest a word has to such a genetic code is its spelling and its definition in the dictionary. However, neither of those definitional attributes mean as much as a word put into practice, in a human universe, including word parameters such as context of symbolic meaning and emotions in the tone of voice. And going back to some 'big bang of language', are we looking at the Bible, the Koran, the Torah, some Sutra, or some other holy book to examine this majestically confusing entanglement of all words with each other? Should we even be looking for a “first book”, with which all other books are implicitly entangled? Should we perhaps be looking for a “first word”, which was the first word to which meaning was assigned by early pre-humans? If we found such an ancient book, or somehow deduced what the ancient word was, it would simultaneously be incomprehensible in its meaning and yet mean vast multitudes of things, even to entities occupying higher dimensions. Because of that, these books become extraordinarily lucky to read, or alternately lucky to speak the sacred word out loud, so entangled are these fulcrum scripts with the rest of language by this stage in history.

Through this elaborate means, I have now brought to the forefront the elusive and confusing reality of ancient books and phrases, which are special in that they have assumed a more natural quantum state (as a book-particle or as a word-particle) than any modern book, and they gain entity's attention far more than any recently invented words. When we go into these books and spiritual chants, even spiritual dances, we are swimming in an abundance of simultaneous meanings which may attract good synchronicity for us, to an extent that it makes the world seem quite illusional to the practitioners. People speak of “flying”, but they are not flying. They speak of “entering the flow”, but they are not boating. Only here at the very end of the essay, can we begin to understand why it wanted to be written. We now have a quantum explanation of language sufficient to justify carrying on with our peculiar beliefs and rituals, without harboring doubts as to their value.

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paxtonmarketing-blog · 6 years

Text

Defination of Leading SEO Tool

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internetreputationcost-blog · 4 years

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Online reputation management Information

Online reputation monitoring refers to the influencing and controlling of a person's or team's credibility. Originally a public relations term, the development of the net and also social media sites, together with credibility management firms, have made search results page a core component of a person's or team's online reputation. Online reputation management, occasionally abbreviated as ORM, concentrates on the monitoring of product as well as service search internet site outcomes.

online reputation management concentrates on the administration of services and product search results page within the digital area. A selection of digital markets as well as on the internet neighborhoods like e-Bay, Amazon.com and Alibaba have ORM systems constructed in, as well as making use of efficient control nodes these can decrease the danger as well as safeguard systems from feasible abuses and also abuses by harmful nodes in decentralized overlay networks.

The most popular controls for off-line online reputation monitoring include social obligation, media exposure, press launches in print media as well as sponsorship among relevant tools. Credibility is a social construct based on the point of view other individuals hold concerning an individual or point. Prior to the net was created, consumers intending to discover a company had couple of choices.

A company's reputation depended on personal experience. [] A business expanded as well as expanded based on the marketplace's perception of the brand name. Public relationships was developed to manage the image as well as develop the online reputation of a firm or person. [] The principle was initially produced to expand public connections beyond media relations.

Originally, public relations consisted of published media, events as well as networking projects. In 1998, Google was started. The popularity of the net presented brand-new marketing and branding opportunities. Where when reporters were the main resource of media material, blogs, review websites and also social media offered a voice to customers regardless of credentials.

ORM includes conventional track record strategies of public connections yet also focuses on constructing a long-lasting track record technique that is regular throughout all online networks as well as platforms. ORM consists of online search engine reputation management which is designed to respond to negative search engine result as well as boost positive material. Some organisations have actually embraced unethical means to falsely boost their track records.

Online Reputation Management Services ...

Credibility monitoring (often described as representative monitoring or ORM) is the technique of trying to form public assumption of a person or organization by affecting info regarding that entity, mainly online. What necessitates this shaping of perceptions being the role of consumers in any organisation and also the cognisance of how much if disregarded these perceptions might hurt a company's performance at any kind of time of the year, a threat no business owner or business executive can afford.

A significant part of online reputation monitoring entails reducing adverse search results, while highlighting favorable ones. For organisations, track record management typically involves an attempt to link the void in between how a company views itself and just how others view it. A fast-growing technique as well as company need, reputation management is extensively acknowledged as an important intangible asset which can be among one of the most crucial resources of one-upmanship in a very open market, and also with firms frequently under enhanced examination from business area, regulatory authorities, and also corporate administration guard dogs excellent track record administration practices remain to assist companies handle this scrutiny.

Great credibility monitoring techniques are additionally vital in aiding any type of entity manage staff confidence as a control device on public understandings which if undermined and also overlooked can be expensive, which over time may maim staff member self-confidence, a risk no employer would dare discover as personnel morale is one of one of the most important motorists of firm performance.

Online Reputation Management - Building ...

A class activity lawsuit was filed by the law practice Beasley Allen versus Taco Bell. The fit was willingly withdrawn with Beasley Allen pointing out that "From the creation of this situation, we mentioned that if Taco Bell would certainly make sure modifications pertaining to disclosure as well as marketing of its 'seasoned beef' item, the instance might be rejected." Taco Bell reacted to the situation being withdrawn by introducing a reputation monitoring campaign labelled "Would certainly it kill you to say you're sorry?" that ran ads in numerous information outlets in print and online, which attempted to draw interest to the voluntary withdrawal of the instance.

Several of the techniques used by online reputation administration companies consist of: Improving the tagging and also seo of company-published materials, such as white papers and favorable consumer endorsements in order to press down negative content. Publishing original, positive sites and social media sites profiles, with the aim of outmatching unfavorable results in a search.

Sending lawful take-down requests if a person thinks they have been vilified. Obtaining discusses of the organisation or individual on third-party sites that rank highly on Google. Creating phony, favorable evaluations of the private or company to combat adverse ones. Utilizing spambots and denial-of-service attacks to compel sites with destructive material off the internet completely. [] Astroturfing third-party websites by producing anonymous accounts that create favorable testimonials or lash out against adverse ones.

vimeo

Removing on the internet cup shots. Proactively replying to public criticism originating from current modifications. Getting rid of or subduing pictures that are humiliating or breach copyright. Getting in touch with Wikipedia editors to remove supposedly incorrect info from the Wikipedia web pages of businesses they stand for. The practice of credibility administration elevates numerous ethical concerns. It is widely differed upon where the line for disclosure, astroturfing, and censorship must be attracted.

The exposure of dishonest online reputation monitoring can itself be risky to the reputation of a firm that attempts it. Some companies technique moral forms of online reputation monitoring. Google thinks about there to be nothing naturally incorrect with reputation management, and also even presented a toolset in 2011 for customers to check their on the internet identity and request the elimination of unwanted content.

For example, they may stay clear of people that devoted terrible criminal offenses that are aiming to push info concerning their criminal activities lower on search results. In 2010 a research study showed that Naymz, among the initial Internet 2.0 solutions to offer utilities for Online Reputation Management (ORM), had established an approach to analyze the on-line reputation of its participants (RepScore) that was instead very easy to trick.

Since December 2017, Naymz was closed down. In 2015, the online retailer Amazon.com sued 1,114 people that were paid to publish fake five-star testimonials for products. These testimonials were created using a website for Macrotasking, Fiverr. com. Numerous other firms supply phony Yelp as well as Facebook testimonials, and one journalist accumulated first-class evaluations for a company that doesn't exist, from social networks accounts that have likewise provided extremely favorable reviews to "a chiropractic doctor in Arizona, a beauty parlor in London, a limousine firm in North Carolina, a real estate agent in Texas, and a locksmith professional in Florida, among various other distant services".

The litigation had comparable language and the defendant concurred to the injunction by the complainant, which allowed the track record monitoring business to issue takedown notifications to Google, Yelp, Leagle, Ripoff Report, various information sites, as well as various other websites. " 9 Online Reputation Management Services Entrepreneurs can Achieve by Themselves". Fetched 11 May 2016.

Singh, Munindar (2000 ). " A social mechanism of track record monitoring in electronic neighborhoods" (PDF). Cooperative Information Representatives IV-The Future of Details Agents in The Online World. Lecture Notes in Computer Technology. 1860. Springer. pp. 154165. CiteSeerX. doi:10.1007/ 978-3-540-45012-2_15. ISBN 978-3-540-67703-1. Mudhakar Srivatsa; Li Xiong; Ling Liu (2005 ). (PDF). WWW '05 Process of the 14th global meeting on Net.

Hall, R. 1992. The Strategic Evaluation of Intangible Resources. Strateg. Handle. J. 13( 2) 135 (What remains in a Name? Track Record Building as well as Corporate Technique, Fombrun, Charles; Shanley, Mark, Academy of Administration Journal; Jun 1990; 33, 2; ABI/INFORM International, pp239 240.) S. Jai, Shankar (June 1, 1999). "Track record is whatever". New Straits Times (Malaysia).

( 2001 ). "Credibility management: the brand-new face of business public relations?". Public Relations Testimonial. 27 (3 ): 247261. doi:10.1016/ S0363-8111( 01 )00085-6. John Tozzi (April 30, 2008). " Do Reputation Management Services Job?". Bloomberg L.P. Retrieved August 3, 2012. Bilton, Nick (April 4, 2011). " The Expanding Organisation of Online Reputation Management". The New York City Times. Fetched June 12, 2012.

" Research: ebay.com vendors video gaming the track record system?". CNET. Obtained July 14, 2012. " What is credibility management? - Definition from WhatIs.com". WhatIs.com. Fetched 2015-12-01. Sepandar D. Kamvar; Mario T. Schlosser; Hector Garcia-Molina. (PDF). WWW '03 Procedures of the 12th international seminar on Internet. doi:10.1145/ 775152.775242. Milo, Moryt (2013-05-17). " Fantastic Organisations Lean Ahead, Respond Quick".

Obtained 2013-09-05. Lieb, Rebecca (July 10, 2012). " How Your Web Content Approach Is Critical For Track Record Administration". MarketingLand. Retrieved June 12, 2012. "MT Masterclass - Track record management". Monitoring Today. May 1, 2007. Weigelt, K., as well as C. Camerer (1988 ). "Reputation and also business technique: An evaluation of current concept as well as applications." Strategic Management Journal 9: 443-454.

( 2003 ). 'Exactly how to be a great director?', Wall Road Journal, 241, pp. R1R4). Cravens, Karen S.; Oliver, Elizabeth Goad (1 July 2006). "Workers: The crucial web link to corporate reputation management". Organisation Horizons. 49 (4 ): 293302. doi:10.1016/ j.bushor. 2005.10.006. " Alabama's Beasley Allen law office goes down fit against Taco Bell over 'seasoned beef' claims".

Gotten 2016-06-13. " With Suit Over, Taco Bell's Mystery Meat Is A Mystery No More". NPR.org. Recovered 2016-06-13. Macedo, Diane (2011-04-26). " Taco Bell Still Has Beef With Firm That Dropped Legal Action Fox News". Fox Information. Recovered 2016-06-13. Resnick, Paul; Zeckhause, Richard (May 2, 2001). "Count on among unfamiliar people in net deals: Empirical evaluation of eBay's credibility system".

CiteSeerX. Spencer, Stephan (September 12, 2007). " DIY reputation management". CBS Interactive. Recovered August 3, 2012. Thomas Hoffman (February 12, 2008). " Online reputation management is hot-- however is it ethical?". John Amato. Fetched August 3, 2012. Kinzie, Susan; Ellen Nakashima (July 2, 2007). " Calling In Pros to Fine-tune Your Google Image".

Recovered July 12, 2012. Krazit, Tom (January 11, 2011). " A primer on online reputation management". CNET. Gotten July 13, 2012. Thompson, Nicholas (June 23, 2003). " More Companies Pay Heed to Their 'Word of Mouse' Online reputation". The New York City Times. Gotten July 13, 2012. " Released cup shots: A continuous reminder of one guy's past".

Obtained 27 September 2015. Giovinco, Steven W. " Picture Credibility Management: What It Is, As well as Why You Must Treatment". Medium.com. Medium. Gotten 9 May 2015. Holiday, Ryan (August 28, 2012). " Exactly how to resolve your Wikipedia trouble". Ton of money. Recovered November 30, 2015. Farmer, Yanick (2018-01-02). " Moral Decision Making and Online Reputation Management in Public Relations" (PDF).

Online Reputation Management Company ...

33 (1 ): 213. doi:10.1080/ 23736992.2017.1401931. ISSN 2373-6992. " Credibility monitoring: Glitzkrieg". Economist Team. March 10, 2011. Retrieved August 3, 2012. Kessler, Sarah (June 16, 2011). " Google Launches Device for Online Reputation Management". Mashable. Gotten July 13, 2012. Lazzari, Marco (2010 ). IADIS International Meeting e-Society 2010. Porto. pp. 519522. ISBN 978-972-8939-07-6. " Do not Be Fooled by Fake Online Reviews Part II Krebs on Security".

Tuttle, Brad. " Amazon Files Claim Against Writers of Counterfeit Online Reviews". MONEY.com. Gani, Aisha. " Amazon.com takes legal action against 1,000 'phony customers'". the Guardian. " I developed a phony organisation and also purchased it a remarkable on-line credibility". Fusion. Volokh, Eugene; Paul Alan Levy (10 October 2016). " Loads of questionable court situations, with missing out on accuseds, aim at getting website removed or deindexed".

What Is Online Reputation Management ...

There are a great deal of misunderstandings regarding online reputation management. Some people think it's simply social media sites tracking, while others think it has something to do with public relations, as well as still others actually have no concept just how it can influence organisation and sales. In this guide, I'm going to explain the duty of online reputation management in today's company and also media landscape.

Simply a couple of years earlier, the net was really various. Business were not interesting customers however just marketing to a passive audience; individuals can not share their voice in an effective means, as well as the general communication landscape was really "leading down." The circumstance has actually radically altered. Today, sites are no much longer static pamphlets.

As well as routine communications on social networks are crucial to any kind of organisation success. No issue the size of your service, they (leads, customers, clientsanyone and also, potentially, every person) are discussing you. They are tweeting concerning your most recent product, leaving a remark on your blog, uploading a Facebook upgrade regarding their client experience, and far more.

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kathleenseiber · 4 years

Text

Discovery is a key to deciphering this lost Minoan language

Determining the word order of Linear A, a precursor to the earliest form of Greek, is a step toward finally deciphering long-lost language.

Linear A is the yet-undeciphered language of the ancient Minoan civilization of Crete that flourished from roughly 1700 BCE to 1490 BCE.

The Minoans live on in myth as people of the land of King Minos who kept the half-bull, half-man Minotaur in a labyrinth below his palace at Knossos.

“If we can decipher these inscriptions, we will have the personal prayers of Minoan people.”

They are also possibly the oldest civilization of Western Europe, and their language could reveal more about a people and culture that was the foundation on which Ancient Greek and (ultimately) Roman culture were built.

Linguist and archaeologist Brent Davis, a lecturer at the University of Melbourne, is one of only a handful of people around the world to have made any significant headway on solving Linear A in the last 50 years.

He established for the first time the word order of the language as being verb-subject-object, like ancient Egyptian. So rather than “Minos has a minotaur,” a Minos would write “has Minos a minotaur.”

(Credit: Wikipedia)

Cracking an ancient language

The eccentric English architect Michael Ventris famously cracked Linear B, a slightly later but closely related script found in Crete and mainland Greece, in 1952.

He discovered that Linear B was actually a very early form of ancient Greek—Mycenaean—and his finding extended the origin of ancient Greek civilization back a further 500 years earlier than first thought.

The Linear B tablets were preserved by chance when the dried clay that had been written on was fired as a result of palaces and other buildings burning down during natural and human-made calamities.

The information they revealed proved to be largely inventories of people, produce, accounts, offerings, and other goods, giving us glimpses of people and their occupations.

Linear A is likely to reveal similar information, but Davis says much Linear A occurs as religious script. “If we can decipher these inscriptions, we will have the personal prayers of Minoan people,” he says.

At the time he cracked Linear B, Ventris told the BBC it was like having to solve a crossword puzzle without knowing which spaces are blacked-out.

In this audio clip, Ventris describes the discovery:

youtube

In fact, Ventris’ achievement was built on the crucial work of little-acknowledged US classicist Alice Kober, who died in 1950.

It was Kober who identified similar word endings in Linear B, allowing her to find some root words she thought were place names and which Ventris would later realize were akin to Greek.

She also devised a method for tabulating the relationships between signs that Ventris would build on—leaving behind more than 180,000 index cards.

Linear A is a tougher challenge

Deciphering Linear B was a monumental achievement, but the challenge of Linear A is even more difficult. That’s partly because the language behind the script doesn’t appear to be like any other language.

“It seems to be a wholly unknown indigenous language,” says Davis.

“Linear B took most of its signs from Linear A, and because we can read Linear B, we can actually pronounce Linear A inscriptions, but if you do pronounce them, it just sounds like complete gobbledygook.”

Like Ventris, Davis became fascinated with deciphering ancient languages as a boy, particularly the story of how Egyptian hieroglyphs were deciphered using the Rosetta Stone that Napoleon’s soldiers found in Egypt.

But he’s always known that solving Linear A was a tough task.

“Ventris vowed, when he was just 14, that one day he’d solve Linear B. At the same age I was saying I’d love to solve Linear A, but I’m not promising anything,” laughs Davis.

‘Yasumatu gives olives’

By establishing the word order of the language, linguists can identify the function of a word in a sentence just from its position. It’s like finding a key word in a massive crossword puzzle.

“The definite word order in English is subject (S)-verb (V)-object (O), as in the phrase John likes cats. And we know that about 97% of human languages are either in this form or S-O-V (John cats likes) or V-S-O (Likes John cats).”

“…what we really need to find is a palace archive, which is where we are likely to find enough Linear A to finally decipher it.”

But when Davis looked at other Bronze Age languages of this period in the region, none were like English.

They were either S-O-V (like early Greek and Sumerian), or V-S-O (like ancient Egyptian). He guessed Linear A was likely to have one of these two word orders.

He then applied this framework to a series of inscriptions that appear on Minoan offering bowls. To put it simply, he found that the words on the bowls tended to recur in what was obviously a formula, except for the second word in the inscription, which was always different from bowl to bowl.

His guess was that this word was probably the name of the person (the subject) making the offering. If correct then Linear A was likely a V-S-O language.

That was confirmed when he found the Linear B sign for “olives” (which it borrowed borrowed from Linear A), occurring after the name as the object of the phrase.

The repeated start of the phrase was therefore a verb, like “gives”, yielding the phrase “gives Yasumatu olives,” or in English, “Yasumatu gives olives.”

Just such an offering of olives in a goblet has been found, preserved at the bottom of a sacred Minoan well. “It was a huge feeling of discovery, completely thrilling,” says Davis.

The rest may depend on dirty work

But he cautions that understanding the word order alone won’t be enough to solve Linear A. “Examining the word order provides something of a magic key, but we if we are to crack it what we need most is simply more material,” he says.

Material was another advantage that Ventris had in deciphering Linear B. There were 20,000 examples of Linear B signs occurring in inscriptions, compared to just 7,000 examples of Linear A signs. “That is about three-to-four A4 pages worth.

“Mathematicians tells us that if we are to crack Linear A, we’ll need something like 10,000 to 12,000 examples of signs, which means we aren’t that far away—but it all depends on archaeology.

“Discoveries are still being made, so I’m optimistic, but what we really need to find is a palace archive, which is where we are likely to find enough Linear A to finally decipher it.”

It’s an intellectual problem that still needs some serious dirt-digging.

Davis is the 2019 winner of the Michael Ventris Award at the University of London, which the Michael Ventris Memorial Fund supports.

Source: University of Melbourne

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eyeofhorus237 · 6 years

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Latino (/læˈtiːnoʊ, lə-/)[1] is a term often used in the United States to refer to people with cultural ties to Latin America, in contrast to Hispanic which is a demonym that includes Spaniards and other speakers of the Spanish language.[2][3][4][5]

"Latino" as a category used in the United States may be understood as a shorthand for the Spanish word latinoamericano (Latin American in English) or the Portuguese phrase latino americano, thus excluding speakers of Spanish or Portuguese from Europe.[6] Both Hispanic and Latino are generally used to denote people living in the United States,[7][8] so much so that "Outside the United States, we don't speak of Latinos; we speak of Mexicans, Colombians, Peruvians, and so forth."[9][10] In Latin America, the term latino is not a common endonym and its usage in Spanish as a demonym is restricted to the Latin American-descended population of the United States.

The U.S. government's Office of Management and Budget has defined Hispanic or Latino people as being those who "trace their origin or descent to Mexico, Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Cuba, Central, and South America (other than Guyana, French Guiana, and Suriname), and other Spanish cultures".[11] The United States Census uses the ethnonym Hispanic or Latino to refer to "a person of Dominican, Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central American, or other Spanish culture or origin regardless of race".[12] The Census Bureau also explains that "[o]rigin can be viewed as the heritage, nationality group, lineage, or country of birth of the person or the person’s ancestors before their arrival in the United States. People who identify their origin as Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish may be of any race."[13] Hence the U.S. Census and the OMB are using the terms differently. The U.S. Census and the OMB use the terms interchangeably, where both terms are synonyms. According to a study by the Pew Research Center, the majority (51%) of Hispanic and Latino Americans prefer to identify with their families' country of origin, while only 24% prefer the term Hispanic or Latino.[14]

The AP Stylebook's recommended usage of Latino in Latin America includes not only persons of Spanish-speaking ancestry, but also more generally includes persons "from — or whose ancestors were from — . . . Latin America, including Brazilians". However, in the recent past, the term Latinos was also applied to people from the Caribbean region, including those from former Dutch and British colonies.[citation needed]

Usage in Brazil

In a recent study 79% of the Brazilian Population identifies themselves as 'Brazilians' while 13% as 'Citizens of the World' and only 4% as 'Latino-Americanos'.[15]

Usage in the United States

Main article: Hispanic and Latino Americans

The term Latino was officially adopted in 1997 by the United States Government in the ethnonym Hispanic or Latino, which replaced the single term Hispanic: "Because regional usage of the terms differs – Hispanic is commonly used in the eastern portion of the United States, whereas Latino is commonly used in the western portion."[16]

U.S. official use of the term "Hispanic" has its origins in the 1970 census. The Census Bureau attempted to identify all Hispanics by use of the following criteria in sampled sets:[17]

Spanish speakers and persons belonging to a household where Spanish was spoken

Persons with Spanish heritage by birth location

Persons who self-identify with Latin America, excluding Brazil

Neither "Hispanic" nor "Latino" refers to a race, as a person of Latino/Hispanic ethnicity can be of any race.[18][19] Like non-Latinos, a Latino can be of any race or combination of races: White American / Caucasian, Black / African American, Asian American, Native American / Alaskan Native, Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander American, or two or more ethnicities. While Brazilian Americans are not included with Hispanics and Latinos in the government's census population reports, any Brazilian American can report as being Hispanic or Latino since Hispanic or Latino origin is, like race or ethnicity, a matter of self-identification.[18][20]

Other federal and local government agencies and non-profit organizations include Brazilians and Portuguese in their definition of Hispanic. The U.S. Department of Transportation defines Hispanic Americans as, "persons of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Dominican, Central or South American, or other Spanish or Portuguese culture or origin, regardless of race".[21] This definition has been adopted by the Small Business Administration as well as by many federal, state, and municipal agencies for the purposes of awarding government contracts to minority owned businesses. The Congressional Hispanic Caucus and the Congressional Hispanic Conference include representatives of Spanish and Portuguese descent. The Hispanic Society of America is dedicated to the study of the arts and cultures of Spain, Portugal, and Latin America. Each year since 1997 the International Latino Book Award is conferred to the best achievements in Spanish or Portuguese literature at BookExpo America, the largest publishing trade show in the United States. The Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities, which proclaims itself the champion of Hispanic success in higher education, has member institutions in the U.S., Puerto Rico, Latin America, Spain, and Portugal.

Some authorities of American English maintain a distinction between the terms "Hispanic" and "Latino":

Though often used interchangeably in American English, Hispanic and Latino are not identical terms, and in certain contexts the choice between them can be significant. Hispanic, from the Latin word for "Spain," has the broader reference, potentially encompassing all Spanish-speaking peoples in both hemispheres and emphasizing the common denominator of language among communities that sometimes have little else in common. Latino—which in Spanish means "Latin" but which as an English word is probably a shortening of the Spanish word latinoamericano—refers more exclusively to persons or communities of Latin American origin. Of the two, only Hispanic can be used in referring to Spain and its history and culture; a native of Spain residing in the United States is a Hispanic, not a Latino, and one cannot substitute Latino in the phrase the Hispanic influence on native Mexican cultures without garbling the meaning. In practice, however, this distinction is of little significance when referring to residents of the United States, most of whom are of Latin American origin and can theoretically be called by either word.[22]

The AP Stylebook also distinguishes between the terms Hispanic and Latino. The Stylebook limits the term "Hispanic" to persons "from - or whose ancestors were from - a Spanish-speaking land or culture". It provides a more expansive definition, however, of the term "Latino". The Stylebook definition of Latino includes not only persons of Spanish-speaking ancestry, but also more generally includes persons "from -- or whose ancestors were from -- . . . Latin America". The Stylebook specifically lists "Brazilian" as an example of a group which can be considered Latino.

There were 28 categories tabulated in the 2000 United States Census: Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Dominican Republic; Central American: Costa Rican, Guatemalan, Honduran, Nicaraguan, Panamanian, Salvadoran, Other Central American; South American: Argentinian, Bolivian, Chilean, Colombian, Ecuadorian, Paraguayan, Peruvian, Uruguayan, Venezuelan, Other South American; Other Hispanic or Latino: Spaniard, Spanish, Spanish American, All other Hispanic or Latino.[23]

Similar and related terms

In English, "Latino" is used interchangeably with "Latin American".[24][25] As an English demonym "Latin" has other meanings:[26][27]

an ancient Italic people entering the Italian peninsula around 1200 BCE

in ancient Rome an inhabitant of Old Latium (Latium vetus), later extended to New Latium (Latium adiectum) as well

a member of any population of the Roman Empire engaging in Roman culture and speaking Latin, regardless of their ethnicity

a member of the Latin Church, or Roman Catholic Church.

Attempts have been made to introduce gender neutral language into Spanish by changing the ending of Latino. Terms like Latinx, Latin@, and Latine are just a few examples of the various ways in which members of the Latino community have tried to be more inclusive of women and gender nonbinary individuals through language.

Latinx was first introduced in 2004 by members of the queer community online.[28]

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