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fashionlawchile · 3 years

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Fashion Law en 2020: Parte 1

Créditos Fotos: UNSPLASH

Con el paso del tiempo, hemos podido ver como evoluciona la industria de la moda, principalmente la industria textil. Así, hemos visto como la mujer se liberó del corset[1], la creación de las líneas de ropa ‘ready-to-wear’[2], como también podemos ver hoy en día el famoso See Now Buy Now[3]. Éste año producto de impacto que el COVID-19 en la industria de la moda hemos visto cómo la omnicanalidad se ha vuelto fundamental, y como la digitalización de la industria no es algo que esperamos para unos años más, sino que está aquí y ahora.

Conforme con lo anterior, es que surge la necesidad de dar respuesta a las necesidades de una industria que evoluciona constantemente. El legislador siempre va detrás de lo que ocurre en una sociedad, intentando dar respuesta a las necesidades de las personas, de un país o de un rubro. Es así, como cada vez más el derecho ha ido especializándose, ya no hay solo derecho civil o derecho procesal, sino que tenemos el derecho ambiental y legal tech, entre muchas otras especialidades.

Necesidad del Fashion Law

En base a la necesidad de dar protección a un nuevo nicho, aún desconocido por algunos, y que se encontraba con una escasa regulación es que en 2005 Susan Scafidi -abogado norteamericana- con su blog Counterfeit Chic[4] creyó necesario mirar con la lupa del derecho una industria que en un primer momento pensaríamos en nada se relaciona con lo legal, la cual es la industria de la moda, no solo siendo pionera en esto, sino que dando vida a esta nueva especialidad que llamamos Fashion Law[5].

En relación con lo anterior, es importante señalar que la industria de la moda, es una de las industrias más grandes y más rentables del mundo, representando el 4% del PIB Global, el cual excede el trillón de dólares por año[6]. En Chile, el valor del mercado nacional en la industria de la moda está avaluado en 5 mil billones de pesos[7]y la industria de la moda local representa un 1,9% del PIB nacional[8]. Más allá del panorama económico, hemos visto como en los últimos años han alcanzado gran connotación casos como el de la demanda de Christian Louboutin en contra de Yves Saint Laurent[9] o el de Star Athletica[10] y aún así en muchos lugares, Chile incluido, el Fashion Law o Derecho de la Moda como es llamado en los países de habla hispana, sigue siendo un misterio para muchos.

Historia del Fashion Law

El Fashion Law, como fue mencionado anteriormente, surge como respuesta a las necesidades de la industria de la moda. La necesidad del Fashion Law como disciplina, se debe a cuatro factores que han influido sustancialmente en la creación de esta disciplina. En primer lugar, el tamaño de la industria (mencionado en cifras anteriormente); en segundo lugar, el aumento de los conglomerados de moda, tales como LVMH Louis Vuitton Moët Hennessy grupo Francés que controla gran cantidad de las marcas de alta costura existentes en la industria; en tercer lugar, la malinterpretacion que los diseñadores han hecho del derecho y en cuarto lugar la era digital, la cual ha influido sustancialmente en la falsificación

[11].

Conforme con lo anterior, es que se hace necesario una disciplina especializada en los asuntos de la industria. Anteriormente sucedía, y aún sucede en países como el nuestro, que si diseñadores o las marcas de moda tenían un problema referido a propiedad intelectual acudían a un especialista en ese tema, o si se trataba de contratos a un especialista en contratos. Sin embargo, en una industria que cambia constantemente y tan distinta a muchas otras, es que se ha hecho necesario ir más allá. Las empresas de moda, los diseñadores, modelos necesitan un abogado que realmente entienda la industria y que sepa cómo funciona. Hay quienes dicen que un abogado dedicado al derecho de la moda debiese entender la naturaleza de la industria, y proveer soluciones rentables que aborden los desafíos de todas esas distinciones dentro de ella, que deben conocer el negocio del cliente[12].

Fue así como el año 2005 se creó el primer blog dedicado al Fashion Law, denominado “Counterfeit Chic”; en 2006 se dictó el primer curso en el Fashion Institute of Technology en Nueva York; en 2010 Scafidi creó el Fashion Law Institute en la facultad de derecho de Fordham y es así como en 2015 se publicó el primer libro de habla hispana dedicado al tema “Derecho y Moda” en Argentina. En Chile, si bien hace muy pocos años se ha comenzado a hablar del tema, y en materia de investigación es muy poco el material que hay, es una especialidad sumamente relevante debido al crecimiento que ha tenido en este último tiempo la industria de la moda en Chile.

¿Qué es el Fashion Law?

Antes de hablar del Fashion Law propiamente tal debemos responder a una interrogante. ¿Qué es la moda? Según el diseñador Christian Dior, “fashion comes from a dream”[13], o sea, la moda viene de un sueño. De acuerdo con el diccionario de la Real Academia Española, la moda es el “Gusto colectivo y cambiante en lo relativo a prendas de vestir y complementos[14]”, o también el “Conjunto de vestimenta y los adornos de moda[15]”.

Cobra particular importancia el entender qué es la Industria de la Moda como tal, comprendiendo que ésta no solo incluye a los diseñadores, sus marcas, los conglomerados de moda, sino también a todo aquél que interviene en ésta, como los consumidores, los modelos, agencias de moda, revistas de moda, entre muchos otros intervinientes. En otras palabras, la Industria de la Moda no se reduce solamente a la industria del vestuario, del calzado o de la joyería, sino también a la de los productos de belleza y de la publicidad.

Cuando hablamos del Fashion Law, esta nueva y emergente disciplina legal, surgen muchas preguntas, una de las primeras es qué es realmente. De acuerdo con lo que señala el autor Guillermo Jimenez en el libro Fashion Law: A Guide for Designers, Fashion Executives, and Attorneys, el Fashion Law “[…] is the legal specialty that addresses the legal issues typically faced by fashion companies and fashion designers. As with other specialties at the intersection of business law and intellectual property […] fashion law is actually a compilation of legal disciplines.- Thus, fashion law incorporates relevant concepts from intellectual property, contracts, corporate law, comercial sales, real state, employment, advertising law and international trade and customs, among others”.

Confome con lo anterior, es que me gusta definir el Fashion Law como: una especialidal jurídica que se atribuye los problemas que ocurren en la industria de la moda, la cual incorpora dentro de sí distintas ramas del derecho, tales como propiedad intelectual, contratos, derecho comercial, derecho del trabajo, derecho tributario, comercio internacional y aduanas, entre otras.

En primer lugar, parece necesario hacer énfasis en lo que Barbara Kolsun, co-editora del libro Fashion Law: A Guide for Designers, Fashion Executives and Attorneys, indica en la Global Legal Guide for Luxury and Fashion Companies[16] de Baker & McKenzie respecto del Fashion Law, en que señala que es un error común entender la propiedad intelectual como el principal foco de las empresas dedicadas a la industria de la moda, señalando que en su vida profesional éste trabajo también se relaciona con temas referidos al derecho del trabajo, bienes, publicidad y redes sociales, derecho económico, comercio internacional, derecho tributario, licencias y distribución, entre otros temas, todos como señala siendo parte integral de ésta industria.

By. María José González

FASHION LAW CHILE

[1] Business of Fashion, https://www.businessoffashion.com/education/collection/fashion-history

[2] Business of Fashion, ob. cit.

[3] Council of Fashion Designers of America, “NYFW Recap: The Future Is Here”, https://cfda.com/news/nyfw-recap-the-future-is-here

[4] Counterfeit Chic, http://counterfeitchic.com

[5] Fashion Law Institute, disponible en https://fashionlawinstitute.com/about

[6] Jimenez, Guillermo et al., “Fashion Law: Key Issues in a New Legal Discipline”, NYSBA Bright Ideas, Vol 19, 2010, No. 2, p. 4

[7] Fashion United, disponible en https://fashionunited.cl/estadisticas-de-la-industria-de-la-moda-en-chile

[8] Mellado, Claudia, “Moda: el diseño chileno en los tiempos del retail”, 7 de Enero de 2017, en El Mostrador, disponible en https://www.elmostrador.cl/noticias/pais/2017/01/07/moda-el-diseno-chileno-en-los-tiempos-del-retail/

[9] Christian Louboutin S.A. et. al Against Yves Saint Laurent America, INC. et. al., https://www.ie-forum.nl/backoffice/uploads/file/IE-Forum%20US%20District%20Court%20Southern%20District%20of%20New%20York%2010%20August%202011,%2011%20Vic_%202381%20(VM,%20Christian%20Louboutin%20S_A_%20e_a_%20tegen%20Yves%20Saint%20Laurent%20America,%20Inc_%20e_a_).pdf

[10] Harvard Law Review, “Star Athletica, L.L.C. v. Varsity Brands, Inc.”, https://harvardlawreview.org/2017/11/star-athletica-l-l-c-v-varsity-brands-inc/

[11] Jimenez, Guillermo., “A Survey of Fashion Law”, Fashion Law, Bloomsbury Publishing, 2014, 2

[12] Richman, Monica., "A Fashionable Career", en Scafidi, Susan, et al, Inside the minds Navigating Fashion Law, Thomson Reuters/Aspartore, Estados Unidos, 2012

[13] Martin, R., Koda, H., Christian Dior The Metropolitan Museum of Art, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Nueva York, 1996

[14] Diccionario De La Real Academia De La Lengua Española, disponible en http://dle.rae.es/srv/search/search?w=modas

[15] Diccionario De La Real Academia De La Lengua Española, Ob. Cit.

[16] Kolsun, Barbara, “Global Legal Guide for Luxury and Fashion Companies”, Baker & McKenzie, 2015

#fashionlaw

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bunchoffaceclaims · 6 years

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Ashlyn Harris

Gender: Female

DOB: 19 October 1985

Nationality: American

Ethnicity: White (unspecified)

Gif Hunt tag RP Icons tag

Ashlyn Michelle Harris is an American soccer player and FIFA Women's World Cup champion who is currently a goalkeeper for the United States women's national soccer team and Orlando Pride in the National Women's Soccer League, the highest division of women's soccer in the United States. She made her debut for the senior national team on March 11, 2013 and was a member of the championship–winning team at the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup in Vancouver, Canada.

Harris played college soccer for the University of North Carolina Tar Heels and helped the team win three NCAA Division I Women's Soccer Championships. Professionally, Harris has played for the Saint Louis Athletica, Washington Freedom, and Western New York Flash of Women's Professional Soccer as well as FCR 2001 Duisburg of Bundesliga (women) in Germany and Tyresö FF of the Swedish Damallsvenskan. She has played for the Orlando Pride since 2016.

#ashlyn harris #faceclaim #female #30s #white #1985 #nat:american

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alanafsmith · 6 years

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Slaughter and May lawyer scores World Cup punditry role

Associate consultant and footballer Eniola Aluko heads to Russia

Eniola Aluko. Image credit: Instagram (@enialuko)

A lawyer at elite magic circle player Slaughter and May is part of ITV’s World Cup punditry team in Russia, Legal Cheek can reveal.

Eniola Aluko, an associate consultant in Slaughters’ corporate team, is set to join regular pundits Ryan Giggs, Gary Neville, Ian Wright and Lee Dixon in ITV’s studio in Moscow later today. The World Cup officially gets underway this afternoon with the hosts Russia taking on Saudi Arabia at the Luzhniki Stadium.

According to her LinkedIn, Aluko studied law at Brunel University London before going on to complete the accelerated Legal Practice Course (LPC) at the College of Law (now The University of Law) in Moorgate. Law Society records show the 31-year-old qualified as a solicitor in 2015.

The 2018 Firms Most List

Law aside, Aluko is also an incredibly successful footballer. Having joined Birmingham City Ladies aged 15, the hot-shot striker went on to play for a plethora of clubs including Charlton Athletic, Saint Louis Athletica and Chelsea. Aluko — who played at international level for both England and Team GB — recently signed for Italian giants Juventus.

Important 3 points last night @chelsealfc Quick turnaround in prep for a biggie on Saturday v Man City #BdayWin

A post shared by Eniola Aluko (@enialuko) on Feb 22, 2018 at 3:17am PST

Having flown out to Russia earlier this week, Nigerian-born Aluko wasted no time in soaking up the pre-tournament atmosphere:

The World cup is here!!! Amazing atmosphere building here in Moscow. Catch me with Ryan Giggs & @JacquiOatley on @itvfootball for the opening game Russia v Saudia Arabia from 2.30pm (UK)

pic.twitter.com/Ke1vf56GCa

— Eniola Aluko (@EniAlu) June 14, 2018

Last year, Aluko was involved in a high-profile discrimination case against former England women’s manager Mark Sampson. The Football Association issued an apology to Aluko in October for “racially discriminatory remarks” made by Sampson in 2014.

The post Slaughter and May lawyer scores World Cup punditry role appeared first on Legal Cheek.

from All About Law https://www.legalcheek.com/2018/06/slaughter-and-may-lawyer-scores-word-cup-punditry-role/

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davidchanus · 6 years

Text

Slaughter and May lawyer scores World Cup punditry role

Associate consultant and footballer Eniola Aluko heads to Russia

Eniola Aluko. Image credit: Instagram (@enialuko)

A lawyer at elite magic circle player Slaughter and May is part of ITV’s World Cup punditry team in Russia, Legal Cheek can reveal.

The 2018 Firms Most List

Important 3 points last night @chelsealfc Quick turnaround in prep for a biggie on Saturday v Man City #BdayWin

A post shared by Eniola Aluko (@enialuko) on Feb 22, 2018 at 3:17am PST

Having flown out to Russia earlier this week, Nigerian-born Aluko wasted no time in soaking up the pre-tournament atmosphere:

The World cup is here!!! Amazing atmosphere building here in Moscow. Catch me with Ryan Giggs & @JacquiOatley on @itvfootball for the opening game Russia v Saudia Arabia from 2.30pm (UK)

pic.twitter.com/Ke1vf56GCa

— Eniola Aluko (@EniAlu) June 14, 2018

The post Slaughter and May lawyer scores World Cup punditry role appeared first on Legal Cheek.

from Legal News https://www.legalcheek.com/2018/06/slaughter-and-may-lawyer-scores-word-cup-punditry-role/

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fayeburnsus · 6 years

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Slaughter and May lawyer scores World Cup punditry role

Associate consultant and footballer Eniola Aluko heads to Russia

Eniola Aluko. Image credit: Instagram (@enialuko)

A lawyer at elite magic circle player Slaughter and May is part of ITV’s World Cup punditry team in Russia, Legal Cheek can reveal.

The 2018 Firms Most List

Important 3 points last night @chelsealfc Quick turnaround in prep for a biggie on Saturday v Man City #BdayWin

A post shared by Eniola Aluko (@enialuko) on Feb 22, 2018 at 3:17am PST

Having flown out to Russia earlier this week, Nigerian-born Aluko wasted no time in soaking up the pre-tournament atmosphere:

The World cup is here!!! Amazing atmosphere building here in Moscow. Catch me with Ryan Giggs & @JacquiOatley on @itvfootball for the opening game Russia v Saudia Arabia from 2.30pm (UK)

pic.twitter.com/Ke1vf56GCa

— Eniola Aluko (@EniAlu) June 14, 2018

The post Slaughter and May lawyer scores World Cup punditry role appeared first on Legal Cheek.

from Legal News And Updates https://www.legalcheek.com/2018/06/slaughter-and-may-lawyer-scores-word-cup-punditry-role/

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cypher2 · 7 years

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#hope solo #saint louis athletica #woso

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circle111e-blog · 7 years

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Soccer Team Suspends Hope Solo and her Her Contract

Hope Amelia Solo Suspends and Terminates Her Contract

Hope Amelia Solo (born July 30, 1981) is an American soccer goalkeeper, two-time Olympic gold medalist, and World Cup champion. Hope Solo currently plays for the Seattle Reign FC. She was the goalkeeper for the United States women's national soccer team from 2000 through August, 2016. After playing at the collegiate level for the University of Washington, she played professionally for the Philadelphia Charge in the Women's United Soccer Association (WUSA). When the WUSA folded after her first season, she traveled to Europe to play for the top division leagues in Sweden and France. From 2009 to 2011, she played in the Women's Professional Soccer (WPS) for Saint Louis Athletica, Atlanta Beat and magicJack. After the WPS ceased operations in early 2012, she played for the Seattle Sounders in the W-League. She currently plays for Seattle Reign FC in the National Women's Soccer League, the top division of women's soccer in the United States.

U.S. Soccer terminated the contract of goalkeeper Hope Solo on Wednesday for what it called “conduct that is counter to the organization's principles.” The federation also said it had suspended Solo from the women's national team for six months, but in ending her contract, it sent a strong signal that Solo - who has balanced on-field excellence with off-field controversy for more than a decade - might have played her last game for the United States.

The suspension was a direct result of critical comments Solo, 35, made after the United States was eliminated by Sweden in the quarterfinals of the Rio Olympics on Aug. 12. After the loss in a penalty-kick shootout, which sent the Americans home from the Games without a medal for the first time, Solo responded by assailing the Swedes' conservative tactics and calling them “a bunch of cowards” for not going toe to toe with the more talented American team.

The comments were widely criticized as unsportsmanlike - Solo's teammate Megan Rapinoe said in an interview with NBC later in the Games that she was “really disappointed” by the remarks - but they also were merely the latest embarrassing episode involving Solo, who was arrested in 2014 on charges of assaulting two family members and served a 30-day ban last year after her husband was arrested on drunken-driving charges while he and Solo were in a borrowed team van.

“Taking into consideration the past incidents involving Hope, as well as the private conversations we've had requiring her to conduct herself in a manner befitting a U.S. national team member, U.S. Soccer determined this is the appropriate disciplinary action,” U.S. Soccer's president, Sunil Gulati, said in a statement.

Soccer Elite Group would like to thank www.nytimes.com and Andrew Das CLICK HERE for the full article

The post Soccer Team Suspends Hope Solo and her Her Contract appeared first on Soccer Elite Group.

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circle111g-blog · 7 years

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Soccer Team Suspends Hope Solo and her Her Contract

Hope Amelia Solo Suspends and Terminates Her Contract

Soccer Elite Group would like to thank www.nytimes.com and Andrew Das CLICK HERE for the full article

The post Soccer Team Suspends Hope Solo and her Her Contract appeared first on Soccer Elite Group.

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