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#skeletal dodo
endlingmusings · 1 year
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[ The partial femur of a dodo is held for photos by a Christie’s staff member. ]
“Scientists said on Wednesday they figured out the dodo's brain size and structure based on an analysis of a well-preserved skull from a museum collection. They determined its brain was not unusually small but rather completely in proportion to its body size.
They also found the dodo may have had a better sense of smell than most birds, with an enlarged olfactory region of the brain. This trait, unusual for birds, probably let it sniff out ripe fruit to eat.
The research suggests the dodo, rather than being stupid, boasted at least the same intelligence as its fellow members of the pigeon and dove family.
"If we take brain size — or rather, volume, as we measured here — as a proxy for intelligence, then the dodo was as smart as a common pigeon," paleontologist Eugenia Gold of Stony Brook University in New York state said. "Common pigeons are actually smarter than they get credit for, as they were trained as message carriers during the world wars."
- Excerpt from “Bird brain? Dodos were not so dumb after all” by Thomson Reuters.
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allosuchus · 11 months
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Okay very random idea, but would it be worth it to try to extract DNA from buffalo skeletal remains from the 1800’s to clone those buffalo to add genetic diversity to modern buffalo stock in protected areas. Or, would it not be worth it because you wouldn’t be able to know if said cloned buffalo have a strong resistance to modern bovine diseases.
Just saying, if you’re going to clone animals, maybe do it for the purposes of ecosystem revitalization and also reconciliation with Indigenous peoples.
I also know really basically nothing about cloning, but if there’s someone wanting to bring back the Dodo, an extinct animal from an island who’s biggest cultural significance is the fact that it’s extinct, then why not shore up the integrity of a species that is trying to rebound from oblivion who had a huge range and was very significant to many, many people and still is today?
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the-firebird69 · 5 months
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THIS IS THE SHOEBILL STORK! #shorts #shoebillstork #youtubeshorts
This is not a stork it's not a dodo but it looks like one a little bit and our son and daughter know it's a deadly dinosaur the guy backed out and said we have DNA and I'm going to check it instead you should go to the skeletal remains and see how old it is and my people used to track this kind of thing and he sees life dinosaur instead and it's on New Zealand and there's dinosaurs there and they're very deadly they're not lizards
Thor Freya
Olympus
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thenewnio · 7 months
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OTGW Sequel Idea: Return to the Unknown
Wirt and Sara's daughter, Bea, believes her uncle Gregory's stories of the Unknown are just make-believe. All that changes one Halloween night, when she accompanies her classmates to a spooky abandoned house, where an accident lands her into a coma, whereupon she finds herself in the same Unknown from her uncle's tales. On her quest back to consciousness, she is joined by William, a meek wizard in training, Cornelia, a skeletal resident of Pottsfield, and Raymund, a sarcastic talking dodo. As these group of friends make their way through the Unknown to find Bea's way home, they encounter many odd characters and dangers, from Mr. Whittles, a hunter who uses animal bones for his "ivory" carvings, to William's monstrous Aunt Beldam, who looks like a gigantic floating wooden face with trailing tentacles. They are also stalked by the witch Evanor, a follower of the deceased Beast, who seeks to resurrect her master at all costs.
Tropes
Actor Allusion: This isn't the first time that a character voiced by Crispin Glover starred in a creepy production with a mention of the "Beast". And with Elijah Wood, no less!
Nor is it the first time Jim Conroy voiced a funny Talking Animal with a happy-go-lucky attitude.
Jim Belushi also voiced a crazy hunter character in a certain show about monsters.
Anachronism Stew: Justified by Enoch, who tells Bea that the Unknown is a realm located "betwixt and between". Below are examples from the different eras:
Bea's Halloween costume consists of a Regency era dress (like her namesake wore), a crop military costume jacket and a tricorn hat from a pirate costume.
William's outfit is inspired by 1650-1690 clothing, like his mother's.
Ray wears a Victorian-era vest, as part of the reference to Alice in Wonderland.
Mr. Whittles is dressed in classic 18th-century hunting clothing.
Evanor's attire is inspired by Jane Stanford, a "robber baroness".
Bizarre Dream Rationalization: Bea is in disbelief when she realizes she's in the Unknown, but quickly brushes it off as she's dreaming. That is, until she looks down a magic well and sees herself being loaded into an ambulance.
Coming of Age Story: The series has a lot of elements of this for Bea.
Chariot Pulled by Cats: Enoch the cat drives a wagon pulled by turkeys.
Don't Go in the Woods: The whole sequel, like its forerunner, is about being lost in the woods and trying to get home. Although Bea wound up in the Unknown after falling through a rotted floor in an old house, as opposed to through the woods or nearly drowning in a pond.
Down the Rabbit Hole: Bea enters the Unknown after a fall. On her journey to return home, she learns a valuable lesson along the way.
Earn Your Happy Ending: In the end, Bea is finally able to get home after defeating Evanmor.
Facial Horror: Aunt Beldam, being the demon who once possessed Lorna, and has now taken the Beast's place, is now covered in Eldewood faces.
Friendly Skeleton: Cornelia, being an inhabitant of Pottsfield.
Homage: Bea's journey is reminiscent of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. Raymund is even an Expy of the Dodo from that story. Likewise, Snap the dragonfly is a nod to the Snap-dragonfly in Through the Looking-Glass.
Bea's crop jacket is inspired by the military outfits in Attack on Titan. (Probably from a cosplay.)
Cornelia's pumpkin mask resembles one of the two classic sock and buskin masks. More specifically, the Comedy one.
The giant anthropomorphic bugs of Bugtown are inspired by Mr. Bug Goes to Town, as well as an old book, The Public and Private Life of Animals.
Aunt Beldam is a reference to the Creature from the film Wonderwell, while her name brings to mind the Other Mother from Coraline.
Horror Doesn't Settle for Simple Tuesday: The entire sequel, like its predecessor, takes place on Halloween night.
Mundanger: The early reveal of Bea being in a coma after she falls and lands in the Unknown.
Near-Death Experience: Bea realizes that she's going through this, and so journeys to find her way back to life.
Nightmare Face: Aunt Beldam is a literal example, taking the form of her "sister" Lorna's face with the Beast's eyes, as a result of ingesting the oil from the Beast's broken lantern.
Spin Off Spring: Bea takes over her father's role as the main character.
Wham Line: From Aunt Beldam: "It's been such a long time since I sorted the bones from my meals..."
Wham Shot: After Bea falls through the top floor of the abandoned house, she finds herself in the Unknown, believing herself to be having a weird dream, from which she assumes he will wake up, but for some reason can't. Before encountering Aunt Beldam, she realizes why: Looking down an old well, she sees her own comatose body being loaded onto an ambulance stretcher.
Likewise, Aunt Beldam's first appearance, having Lorna's face with the exact same eyes and texture as the Beast.
Wild Card: While Aunt Beldam no longer relies on eating people to survive, she still threatens to eat Bea when they first meet. Nevertheless, she comes off as this to the residents of the Unknown.
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crypitd · 2 years
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🦤 Haunted Dodo Bird Skeleton for Halloween! 🎃
Happy Halloween!
»   Etsy  •  Various Links   «
© Harlen Chen
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tremolorecords · 2 years
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David Bowie - Diamond Dogs (30th Anniversary Edition)
Disc 1
01. Future Legend 02. Diamond Dogs 03. Sweet Thing 04. Candidate 05. Sweet Thing (Reprise) 06. Rebel Rebel  07. Rock 'N' Roll With Me 08. We Are The Dead  09. 1984  10. Big Brother  11. Chant Of The Ever Circling Skeletal Family
Disc 2
01. 1984/Dodo 02. Rebel Rebel [US Single Version] 03. Dodo 04. Growin' Up [1] 05. Candidate [Alternative Version] 06. Diamond Dogs [Edit] 07. Candidate [Intimacy Mix] 08. Rebel Rebel [2003 Mix]
[1] Bruce Springsteen Cover
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fischotterkunst · 3 years
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actually re: my research i need to dump some random thoughts/info about Dodos 
did you guys know that they were Bastards? the common story is that they were so tame and “stupid” that one could walk right up to them and club them to death but that’s actually not true. accounts from Dutch sailors mention them being extremely fleet-footed and capable of zipping off to hide in the underbrush, and when they were caught they bit, really really hard, with their giant beaks that based on their structure are theorized to have been used to crack large nuts and fruit-stones (we don’t actually know what they ate. we know obscenely little about them. as in we know more about some kinds of dinosaurs than we do about dodos.)
actually re: not knowing hardly anything about them - we don’t even concretely know what color they were. paintings of (now lost) stuffed specimens were made, from which we get the iconic blue-gray dodo popularized by Roelant Savery, but we only know for certain of one painting that was made from a live bird, which was painted by Ustad Mansur in a menagerie in India, and this bird is not only hues of brown but lacks the tail plume depicted in Savery’s works. while we know from skeletal remains that the birds exhibited sexual dimorphism in that the males were considerably larger, i have never seen any discussion whatsoever on the possibility of these differences in plumage being another aspect of sexual dimorphism. many bird species feature different colors between males and females, with females typically being more drab for camouflage purposes while nesting, and i would LOVE to hear whether there is any possible merit in this pet theory of mine (srsly if anyone has ever read anything about this PLEASE let me know. there’s no way i’ve managed to get my hands on every bit of literature ever published on dodos so i’m holding out hope that maybe someone has looked into this - perhaps testing on extant preserved specimens to determine coloration as we have with dinosaurs?) 
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Wtf are these funky little birds I genuinely don’t understand help
[ID: four sketches of a bird. The first one has a skeletal head with a ring of red flowers around its neck. The second is a hawklike bird with a face that looks like it’s armored. The third has a bird face with big eyes and arms with tentacles that look like a dress. The last one looks like a skinny dodo bird with giant black eyes. End ID]
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teebster · 4 years
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Terbish Uyagir/Moks
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The Basics ––– –
Age: Seemingly anywhere between late twenties to mid thirties.
Race: Au Ra - Xaela
Gender: Agender - They/Them pronouns
Sexuality: Grey Asexual
Marital Status: Single but not looking to mingle
Server: Mateus - Crystal
Physical Appearance ––– –
Hair: While carefully cut short and kept even, there’s little care for fixing a slightly tousled look from any wind or sudden movements. No products, and possibly not even a comb to guide these bright white locks.
Eyes: Deep grey, with white rings
Height: as tall as the game would allow the fem au ra model...
Build: Slender, somewhat spindly, with the hint of muscle tone to suggest athletics
Distinguishing Marks: Scars. Terbish’s torso, front and back, in particular is the main focus of their scars, except they don’t seem to be from battle or anything of the sort. They weave, intertwine, form circles and runes. While the focus of these scars is their torso, they do extend just a touch on to their upper arms and legs, which with their tendency to leave their arms bare, could offer a peek. Their scales also seem to be a bit more intensely dark than the standard Xaela, getting closer to a void with an absence of any light than simply ‘black’.
Common Accessories: Often seen sporting some kind of mask, normally bone, but sometimes a simple blind fold or carved wood. Fingerless gloves or hand wraps of some sort with their fingers exposed.
Personal ––– –
Profession: Slight wanderer sometimes known to hunt voidsent with additional whispering of having an odd talent handling cursed or otherwise tainted objects. They tend to have a preference for deserts and going underground. Currently they are employed by the Siren’s Bounty, helping to handle regular bounties as well as anything their personal talents might be of use with.
Hobbies: Whittling/carving small pieces of wood and skeletal reconstruction of small dead birds and rodents, using wood to replace missing pieces and mend cracks and wire to string them up together. Also the general collection of bones. Late night walks. People watching. Eating things they shouldn’t. 
Residence: The Mist since being hired, but their room remains fairly bare
Birthplace: The Steppe
Religion: The philosophical and existential wondering of the meaning of it all
Patron Deity: Nope
Fears: Intimacy, love, genuine acceptance, settling, loss of control, group speaking, vulnerability, forgetting(or worse, remembering)... Mostly social and emotional issues in abundance.
Relationships ––– -
Spouse: Negative
Children: N/A
Parents: We all come from somewhere.
Siblings: No
Other Relatives: Nope
Pets: Unnamed Dodo
Traits ––– -
Extroverted / In Between / Introverted
Disorganized / In Between / Organized
Close Minded / In Between / Open Minded
Calm / In Between / Anxious (You may say pick one, but I assure it’s both)
Disagreeable / In Between / Agreeable
Cautious / In Between / Reckless
Patient / In Between / Impatient
Outspoken / In Between / Reserved
Leader / In Between / Follower
Empathetic / In Between / Apathetic
Optimistic / In Between / Pessimistic
Traditional / In Between / Modern
Hard-working / In Between / Lazy
Cultured / In Between / Uncultured
Loyal / In Between / Disloyal
Faithful / In Between / Unfaithful
Additional information ––– –
Themes and more: I try to be very forward and blatant about the fact that this character comes with body horror and isn’t very shy about anxiety and depression being key factors for them. I try not to go into big details however as I don’t want to cause strong discomfort for other players, but want enough information present for appropriate reactions from other characters. This ranges from opening their mouth all too big like a snake, to moving their limbs in unnatural ways. They also can deal with some other basic spooky shadow horror as well. Additionally, Terbish has some memory issues. This does not mean they will simply forget meeting people or anything current, their memory gaps are almost entirely from their time on the Steppe. It’s a large part of their relationships section being bare, and not having a set age listed above. They don’t remember.
What I’m Looking For: Friend shaped beings. People who are interested in building nonromantic relationships. Terbish isn’t a character that is going to vent their insecurities openly and can be a bit of a slow boil to figure out without some emotional leverage to give them reason to be more open. This isn’t to say I’m against romance or romantic tones, but if it happens it’ll happen naturally and with communication. I’m also not looking for pure angst and edge, while I can appreciate some emotional difficulties and darker tones, this character can often be more about working through them to try and remember what feeling normal is like, but that does still mean they have a solid place with this character. Go on adventures, build up friendships, have weird late night talks, be horrified and somewhat endeared by your local cryptid secretly having a heart and many complex emotions.
RP Hooks ––– –
Monster Hunter: Hunting some voidsent? Livestock mysteriously gone missing? Local cryptid spotted? Terbish just might be at the end of that particular search. Is it a complete misunderstanding, or are they genuinely the culprit? Only one way to find out. Alternatively, Terbish has a bit of a knack for finding voidsent themselves. Or maybe they find Terbish. Mysterious Death: Back before Terbish left the Steppe, they used to help map out the caves the Uyagir call home, but as a Moks had some other motives as well. However, their disappearance came with a sudden collapse of part of the tunnels and no one returning from it. As far as anyone from the Steppe that had contact with the Uyagir or Moks may be concerned, Terbish Uyagir/Moks is dead, so what’s up with this ghost walking around so far from home? Worse yet, while they might respond to the right name, recognition seems to be lost beyond that. Weird Aether, Odd Soul: To any perceptive to such things, there’s something decidedly off about Terbish’s essence. It’s not easy to place, but there’s definitely a bit of Void without the whole thing simply being corrupt. Perhaps it would be better to say that anyone looking beyond the flesh would find they seem marbled, like two different things mixed together without fully setting. Very similar to voidsent. Cursed Cuisine: Rumor has it there’s an odd person out there who eats crystals, materia, or even cursed artifacts. Perhaps it’s metaphorical, but either way, it would be a sight, a curiosity, or for some desperate about some form of curse, maybe an answer.
Contact Information/About the player ––– –
My name is Speedie. I can be contacted here on tumblr, as well as in game as Terbish Moks on mateus. I have discord, but I’d rather be asked directly for that information than post it straight to tumblr. I can keep odd hours sometimes, insomnia is a hell of a drug. But I also have my own anxieties, clear communication is really important to me, as much as I love some mystery in roleplay and having answers to figure out, I don’t want to not know how my rp partners are feeling about what is going on and so on. I can also be a bit of a recluse sometimes, but I promise that doesn’t mean I’m not around or interested, I’m just not always the best at reaching out because of it.
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tessabltheorist · 6 years
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Season 5 canon facts
Season 5 was miserable  in the canon facts dispensed. 
1.- Dembe stays with Red not out of gratitude for saving his life, but because he is determined to save Red’s soul and to prove to him that there can be loyalty and love. This seems to imply a friend’s betrayal and a false love.
He stayed with me because he saw me for the man I really was a man surrounded by darkness. No friends who could be trusted, no faith that loyalty or love could ever truly exist.
2.- Dom Wilkinson seems to have been known as Oleander, a Soviet operative known only by his codename, or at least there is a CIA file that proves that he was investigated as such and dismissed for lack of evidence.  Dennison pointed Tom towards Oleander. It is unclear how Dennison learned about him. Dom seems to know about the bones, and he does not tell Liz anything.
3.- Ian Garvey, was a US Marshal (since about 1989) was assigned to the Carla and Jennifer Reddington’s case when they were placed in protective custody.  He established a bond with Jennifer acting like a surrogate father.  He told Jennifer she spent a lifetime hiding for nothing, when he finds skeletal remains that he matches to Raymond Reddington. He also was a ruthless criminal, running the Nash Syndicate for reasons not yet explained.
Everything you believed for the last 30 years has been a lie. You've spent a lifetime hiding for no reason.
he gets involved when the bones produce a match in CODIS to Raymond Reddington. But  in 3.11 we are told the system does not have a DNA match to Reddington from before he disappeared:
Liz: Who is this guy? He claims he’s Reddington? Samar: Yes, and we can’t disprove it with DNA because there’s nothing on file from 1990 when Reddington disappeared.
note: just because Cooper knows where to find a match, in a secure evidence locker from a case from before 1987 in which he was part of a team that rescued Red and he was the one collecting evidence to eventually prosecute Seaduke, the Soviet operative Red was following when he got made and Seaduke distatched a Spetsnaz team to adduct and torture him.  The shirt has a piece cut out where it was tested against the man rescued.  DNA in private labs or even DNA processed by law enforcement agencies is not automatically entered in CODIS. Certainly the FBI would not advertise Red is a CI by putting his DNA in it. CODIS has DNA entered by law enforcement agencies from 3 ways: convicted felons (in some states arrested people); DNA from crime scenes which is unidentified; and familial matches to find missing people (DNA from relatives to establish connections. For example for a missing child, the parents, or for a missing adult, a biological child or a parent or sibling.)
I know it's hard to believe, but I was a golden boy once. Fresh out of the Navy. Youngest agent ever appointed to the Pentagon's combined investigation and intelligence task force. At the time, Reddington was stationed overseas working counterintelligence ... He was shadowing a Russian operative code-named Seaduke. Seaduke made Reddington and dispatched a team of Spetsnaz to abduct him. For 10 days, they tortured him, until he was rescued by an FBI-SEAL Joint Task Force. I was working lead on the agency side. My job was to secure the physical evidence in the event that Seaduke was captured and prosecuted ... The blood on this shirt from Raymond Reddington has been sealed in an evidence locker for over three decades. I procured a sample and submitted it for a DNA profile. Yours was already on file.
then it means Garvey used the only available way to make a match in CODIS: he entered the DNA of a Reddington relative for a familial match: his daughter, Jennifer Reddington. This would tell him when the danger to Jennifer was over. So if this is the case, in reality all that we know is that Jennifer’s father is the skeleton in the bag.
We would need a match from the skeleton to the blood sample from before 1987, and/or a match between Jennifer and this sample and or a match between Jennifer and Liz that shows the maternal and paternal proteins.
the show told us in 5.15 the lab can detect when a blood sample has 2 DNA on it, so unless we are told now that the blood sample from before 1987 had DNA from 2 individuals, then we can assume the blood on that shirt is from RR.
 Lt. Patty Sue Edwards: When my husband's effects were returned, there was blood on his uniform. I tested it. I found two sets of DNA. His and the Navy SEAL who killed him.
in short: we seem to have established that Liz is the daughter of the RR from before 1987, whose blood in on the shirt, and who was known to Cooper from the Kuwait black op. And that if the way Garvey had to identify RR was through Jennifer, all we really know is that Jennifer’s father is the skeleton. Since Carla is supposedly dead, it is not possible to ask her if RR  (or Red) was indeed Jennifer’s father and she already said something to Red in 2.04 to that respect:
I'm never going to tell you where my daughter is.
4.- Tom never knew who was his employer, even when he married Liz the first time. The Major told Tom his job was to get to know Liz without getting romantically involved with her, Red told Liz he hired Tom to be the friend of a friend and keep an eye on her.  Red went to their wedding in a fury, at a time when Berlin had his people following rumors, and likely the way Berlin “made a connection” to Elizabeth, getting to The Major and offering double for Tom’s contract. In short, Red led Berlin to Elizabeth by going to her wedding.
I almost gave up looking for you. You were like a ghost for 12 years. Heard rumors. And I followed them From Barcelona to Melbourne to Stockholm. But always nothing. Until one day I made a connection. Elizabeth Keen. That's why we're sitting here today  Because of Keen. I know you care for her as much as you care for your wife. 
You betrayed me. You sold me an asset and then allowed him to turn when Berlin offered you twice as much.
5.- Dembe tells Red he is lying to Liz and to Tom. When asked why can’t he be honest with Liz, Red says he does not know.  In other seasons Red has told Dembe he does not know how to tell Liz everything, and he has burned a letter explaining it all to her. Red killed Sam to prevent him from revealing something to Liz. Red did not contact the FBI to send a SWAT team to the Keens to try to save Liz and Tom, preferring instead to handle it with Dembe, to limit the people involved in the bag situation. Red had Tom followed by an operative, I suspect without Dembe’s knowledge.
Why can't you be honest with her?  I don't know. I don't know. Even after everything that's happened? All that's been lost? [season 5]
You need to tell her, Raymond. Tell her what? About Tom. You should have told her some time ago. I don't know how do that, Dembe. Yes, you do. You tell her the truth by telling her everything. I don't think I can do that. Maybe you should stop thinking about it and do it. [season 2]
Red tells Tom that the skeleton is a secret, not a lie.  It is yet unclear if he was telling the truth, or not.  All Red said to Ross is:
The truth? The truth is that I am not -
6.- Sutton Ross reveals something about the Raymond Reddington of the 1980s. Ross received plans for a plane destined to crash from Reddington. The Navy made those plans intending as such, and Ross blames Red for giving him bogus plans. In reality the plans were not bogus, the plane was.  It seems to have been a counterintelligence operation destined to flush out a traitor. It is unclear if Red was a traitor as well, or if he was the one flushing traitors, or providing false intelligence to the enemy, one of the jobs of counterintelligence.
The man we’re looking for is Sutton Ross. In the ‘80s, when a company or a country wanted to steal R&D rather than develop it, Ross and his team stole it for them. Didn’t he steal R&D on a stealth fighter for China? A defective stealth fighter called the Grayscape Seventeen. The Navy knew Ross was working for China, so they made sure he stole plans for a plane that couldn’t fly, and when it crashed, China blamed Ross, turned him over to the feds, who issued an arrest warrant, and Ross disappeared.e.
But this is what Red and Dembe say about it:
Ross wants blood. He thinks you ruined his life. I didn’t give Sutton Ross bogus plans for the Grayscape Seventeen. But he thinks you did, and because of that, he wants to world to know what’s inside the duffel.
and this is what Ross says:
For 30 years, I’ve wanted to be in the same room as Raymond Reddington, the bastard who tricked me into selling the Chinese a dodo bird when they were looking for an eagle.
So Red may have been playing a traitor or being a traitor, or working to flush out traitors.
7.- Jennifer tells Red that circa 2002-2006,  when Jennifer was in college, Carla told her she was terrified of Red forcing her to tell him where Jennifer was and she was going to leave to protect Jennifer. But the FBI files that Liz procured showed the US Marshals lost contact with Jennifer in 2007 (give or take a few months). Garvey obviously knew were Jennifer was, and the US Marshals in 2014 seem to have known where Carla was. Carla told Jennifer it was Jennifer who left because she was terrified of Red.  Carla punching Red in the mouth showed she was not terrified of Red, and quite capable of not telling Red where Jennifer is, something she obviously knew, as Frank Hyland finds Jennifer after Carla is “killed”, something Lord Baltimore or the FBI could not do.  JB said in an interview that Red had been looking for Jennifer and she had been out of his reach, something we have never seen on screen.  It is not canon as it was never shown.
8.- In 2017 the following events happened. events marked with an * are events we do not know when they happened in the sequence.
Kate digs the bones, Tom picks them up, Pete extracts the DNA and submits it to CODIS
Garvey learns of it and kills Nik, Pete, Lena and eventually Tom. Puts Liz in a coma
* Jennifer moves to Baltimore and starts working in a bar. She is using the identity Lilly May Roth, 35 years old (in 2019). It is unclear if this is a new identity, or if she has been using it since 1990.
* Carla Reddington AKA Naomi Hyland is killed by 2 bullets. She had been kidnapped by Berlin in 2014 and when Red gets her back sends her with a new identity with husband Frank. To the world she was still missing since 2014. It is unclear if Garvey knew where she was.
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endlingmusings · 1 year
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A Christie’s employee holds and displays the partial left femur of a dodo. The bone fragment, likely excavated in 1865 from the Mare aux Songes, south eastern Mauritius, and measuring just 4 inches long sold at auction in 2013 for £8,125. [ x ]
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Friday, 13th/Saturday, 14th September 2019 – Home to Boppard and Oberwesel, Germany
Early in the afternoon, after handing off some outstanding work to a colleague, we set off across country to Hull to catch the overnight P&O ferry to Rotterdam, stopping on the outskirts of Hull to buy a flat (please don’t ask; the short version is it got complicated and our vendors suddenly insisted on the Wednesday that we really had to exchange contracts that week – and no bank will let you transfer that amount of money over the phone or online, you have to go in)!
Despite hanging around the bank for some time, we made it onto the boat good and early and promptly found that P&O’s website had once again sold me two cabins instead of just the one I wanted, which didn’t become obvious until we went to what was supposed to be a premier cabin and found it wasn’t. A trip to the reception desk and it turned out we had two keys, for two cabins, and it was the other one that was the one I thought I’d booked. The charming man who sorted it all out gave me the HQ contact details and a short phone call later they agreed to refund the standard cabins. The ease with which this was agreed suggests it’s a regular thing… maybe someone needs to reprogramme the UI sometime soon so that when you opt for an upgraded cabin it removed the one you started out with, rather than requiring you to backtrack and actually physically clear the field yourself!
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As we usually do, we had dinner booked in the Brasserie rather than dealing with the scrum that is the “all you can eat” buffet on the grounds that we don’t need that much food. It’s fair to say that the menu in the Brasserie seems to have been dumbed down yet again, so we struggled to find anything that appealed apart from the fish options. I really don’t want a 16oz steak thank you! Even between us we’d struggle to get through that amount of meat, and burgers hold little appeal at the best of times, so we opted to share a charcuterie plate, and then ordered the sea bream and the salmon. By the time we’d worked through that, we couldn’t manage dessert so we ordered the cheese and packed it up to take away with us. It would be useful on the nights we were self catering, and we weren’t going to get a refund if we didn’t eat all three courses, so we figured we might as well!
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The following morning’s breakfast was very limited in terms of options, so we went for the continental basket of rolls and pastries and made sandwiches for later in the day out of the rolls we didn’t want to eat straight away. And then we went to the car when called only to find it wouldn’t start. Dead as a dodo. This is obviously something else P&O are used to, because a young deckhand was sent off to fetch a heavy-duty jump starter, and withing seconds had fired the thing up. We weren’t sure of the cause, though I had a suspicion that I’d left the portable fridge plugged in and over the course of 14 hours on the boat it had drained the car battery, but just in case we decided not to stop until we reached the hotel. That way, if it was anything more sinister we’d be better placed to get it dealt with. So four and a half hours flat out through the Netherlands and down into Germany, not stopping for anything at all. I really wouldn’t want to do that again, is all I’m saying.
When we parked up, I switched the engine off, waited ten seconds, and tried to switch it on again. It promptly started, so it looked like it had been an own goal, though not a serious one. We happily unloaded the appropriate bags at the lovely, quiet, modern and very comfortable Landgasthof Eiserner Ritter, just on the outskirts of the town of Boppard, within sight of the Rhine, though not on it. The restaurant was highly rated, and looked delightful, but we had a booking to participate in the annual “Rhein in Flammen” event starting from Oberwesel that night. In effect this is a light and fireworks extravaganza, held in several locations on the Rhine throughout the year. A number of tourist boats proceed in convoy up and down the river, all their lights turned on, and the scenery on the side of the river is also lit up, and then they all moor up and a massive firework display entertains everyone, accompanied by music. It’s something I’d wanted to do for some time, and realising we were going to be in the right place at the right time, had managed to get tickets for a seated dinner onboard the “Rheingold”.
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As all of this coincided with the annual wine festival in Oberwesel as well, so we got ourselves cleaned up, organised, and headed out to look around the town and have a glass or two of local wine (this is the Mittelrhein wine region by the way). It helps that the Upper Rhine Valley is a UNESCO World Heritage site (the 65km stretch between Bingen, Rüdesheim und Koblenz) packed with gorgeous towns full of medieval half timbered buildings, old city walls, and dramatic castles. Oberwesel didn’t disappoint in that respect, with towers, walls and a massive hospital that dates from some time around the 1300s originally but is now apparently a specialist musculo-skeletal clinic that stretches over several blocks and still has its original chapel attached.
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Having snagged what appeared to be the last car parking space in Oberwesel, we set off on foot to find the Tourist Information office to collect our boat tickets and our free wine glasses (needed for the wine festival). It was a glorious day, the weather warm and the skies a brilliant blue, so stopping for a glass of chilled white wine seemed like a brilliant idea. The main street was packed with stalls, and we soon found one we liked the look of, round the corner from the market square where a traditional brass band was playing less-than-traditional music with great enthusiasm. we didn’t see any sign of the 2019 Weinhex (wine witch) which Oberwesel has instead of the more usual Wine Princess or Wine Queen, though I’m sure she was around somewhere.
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After that we decided that rather than be saddled with carrying the glasses around all afternoon and evening we’d drop them off at the car and then take a wander through the streets to see what there was to see. The town itself has a long history. Many towns along the Rhine started out as celtic settlements, and Oberwesel is no exception, and of course it was then taken over by the Romans, who set up a horse-changing station and a hostel. It later became a Frankish royal holding with a royal estate, passing from Emperor Otto I to the Archbishopric of Magdeburg in 966. In 1220, Emperor Frederick II made Oberwesel a free imperial city, and it eventually joined the Rhenish League of Towns (Rheinischer Städtebund), before being handed over to the lordship of the Electorate of Trier in 1309, a situation that continued until secularization after the French Revolutionary Wars in 1802. As has so much of the region, it’s had a lively history. In 1689, in the Nine Years’ War, it was destroyed by soldiers of the First French Empire. In 1794 it was occupied by French Revolutionary troops and in 1802 was annexed by France. After the Congress of Vienna, Oberwesel became, along with the rest of the Rhine’s left bank, Prussian.
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The walls were started in 1220, work that was concluded in the mid 14th century, and included 16 towers, of which several are still in existence. A clamber on the walls, despite wearing wildly unsuitable shoes for such behaviour, was pretty satisfying, but we skipped the museum as there was only 20 minutes left till closing time, and that would have just been unsatisfying. And then it was time to go and find the landing stage for our boat. On the way we stopped for a second glass of wine, only to find we had to buy two more wine glasses as well! So now we had 4 and we were still carrying 2 of them around. Luckily, I had a large bag with me, so we slipped them in there and I hoped I wouldn’t break them during the evening.
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There was a massive scrum on the landing stage, so we hung back but somehow still ended up getting on board well ahead of most people, just by not pushing but sidling… it didn’t matter because our tables were pre-designated anyway, and so Lynne and I got the window seats. We ended up sitting with a lovely Indian family who had come up from Frankfurt, and a less than lovely trio of grumpy Russians, who didn’t seem to be enjoying anything about the event. The boat left pretty promptly at 6pm, and glided up river and then down a couple of times, while we had the dinner that was included in the price (a place of pork fillet, in a mushroom sauce, with some potatoes and “seasonal vegetables” which was actually just romesco cauliflower – it was less than inspiring but the food really wasn’t what we were there for so I guess it was alright – the vegetarian option the Indian family had looked a lot better though).
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If you wanted dessert you had to pay extra for it, so we settled for a local rose wine, and drank that while the scenery drifted past, castle after castle, vineyard after vineyard.
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As dusk fell, the ships all lit up although sadly due to a technical issue the lights along the riverside didn’t work, so there was no spectacular illumination there. There was a very dramatic moonrise though, the beginnings of which can be seen here just behind the ridge in the middle of the photo. It took scant minutes to rise, but was really special as it did.
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There followed a mad rush onto the top deck as the boat moored up, the music started, and the fireworks kicked off in fine style. It was a bit of a scrum up there, and one or two people refused to let anyone past them, even if there was space beyond, which was mildly annoying for a few seconds. However, the real interest was in the sky and it was a really fine display, accompanied by 1990s soft rock music for some reason!
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Afterwards we finished our wine as the boat (one of 35 taking part) returned to the landing stage, and then walked back to the car to find we’d got really lucky, because the road was blocked off by the fire brigade for some reason, but our car was the right side of the barriers. It was back to the hotel for a good night’s sleep, happy and entertained. Would I play €65 a head again? Maybe, maybe not. I think you could probably see the fireworks just as well from the river bank, but it was an experience and it was fun.
Travel 2019 – Alsace and Baden, Days 1 and 2, Home – Hull – Rotterdam – Boppard – Oberwesel Friday, 13th/Saturday, 14th September 2019 - Home to Boppard and Oberwesel, Germany Early in the afternoon, after handing off some outstanding work to a colleague, we set off across country to Hull to catch the overnight P&O ferry to Rotterdam, stopping on the outskirts of Hull to buy a flat (please don't ask; the short version is it got complicated and our vendors suddenly insisted on the Wednesday that we really had to exchange contracts that week - and no bank will let you transfer that amount of money over the phone or online, you have to go in)!
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eyeofhorus237 · 5 years
Link
The dodo (Raphus cucullatus) is an extinct flightless bird that was endemic to the island of Mauritius, east of Madagascar in the Indian Ocean. The dodo's closest genetic relative was the also-extinct Rodrigues solitaire, the two forming the subfamily Raphinae of the family of pigeons and doves. The closest living relative of the dodo is the Nicobar pigeon. A white dodo was once thought to have existed on the nearby island of Réunion, but this is now thought to have been confusion based on the Réunion ibis and paintings of white dodos.
Subfossil remains show the dodo was about 1 metre (3 ft 3 in) tall and may have weighed 10.6–17.5 kg (23–39 lb) in the wild. The dodo's appearance in life is evidenced only by drawings, paintings, and written accounts from the 17th century. As these vary considerably, and only some of the illustrations are known to have been drawn from live specimens, its exact appearance in life remains unresolved, and little is known about its behaviour. Though the dodo has historically been considered fat and clumsy, it is now thought to have been well-adapted for its ecosystem. It has been depicted with brownish-grey plumage, yellow feet, a tuft of tail feathers, a grey, naked head, and a black, yellow, and green beak. It used gizzard stones to help digest its food, which is thought to have included fruits, and its main habitat is believed to have been the woods in the drier coastal areas of Mauritius. One account states its clutch consisted of a single egg. It is presumed that the dodo became flightless because of the ready availability of abundant food sources and a relative absence of predators on Mauritius.
The first recorded mention of the dodo was by Dutch sailors in 1598. In the following years, the bird was hunted by sailors and invasive species, while its habitat was being destroyed. The last widely accepted sighting of a dodo was in 1662. Its extinction was not immediately noticed, and some considered it to be a mythical creature. In the 19th century, research was conducted on a small quantity of remains of four specimens that had been brought to Europe in the early 17th century. Among these is a dried head, the only soft tissue of the dodo that remains today. Since then, a large amount of subfossil material has been collected on Mauritius, mostly from the Mare aux Songes swamp. The extinction of the dodo within less than a century of its discovery called attention to the previously unrecognised problem of human involvement in the disappearance of entire species. The dodo achieved widespread recognition from its role in the story of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, and it has since become a fixture in popular culture, often as a symbol of extinction and obsolescence.
Taxonomy
The dodo was variously declared a small ostrich, a rail, an albatross, or a vulture, by early scientists.[2] In 1842, Danish zoologist Johannes Theodor Reinhardt proposed that dodos were ground pigeons, based on studies of a dodo skull he had discovered in the collection of the Natural History Museum of Denmark.[3] This view was met with ridicule, but was later supported by English naturalists Hugh Edwin Strickland and Alexander Gordon Melville in their 1848 monograph The Dodo and Its Kindred, which attempted to separate myth from reality.[4] After dissecting the preserved head and foot of the specimen at the Oxford University Museum and comparing it with the few remains then available of the extinct Rodrigues solitaire (Pezophaps solitaria) they concluded that the two were closely related. Strickland stated that although not identical, these birds shared many distinguishing features of the leg bones, otherwise known only in pigeons.[5]
Strickland and Melville established that the dodo was anatomically similar to pigeons in many features. They pointed to the very short keratinous portion of the beak, with its long, slender, naked basal part. Other pigeons also have bare skin around their eyes, almost reaching their beak, as in dodos. The forehead was high in relation to the beak, and the nostril was located low on the middle of the beak and surrounded by skin, a combination of features shared only with pigeons. The legs of the dodo were generally more similar to those of terrestrial pigeons than of other birds, both in their scales and in their skeletal features. Depictions of the large crop hinted at a relationship with pigeons, in which this feature is more developed than in other birds. Pigeons generally have very small clutches, and the dodo is said to have laid a single egg. Like pigeons, the dodo lacked the vomer and septum of the nostrils, and it shared details in the mandible, the zygomatic bone, the palate, and the hallux. The dodo differed from other pigeons mainly in the small size of the wings and the large size of the beak in proportion to the rest of the cranium.[5]
Throughout the 19th century, several species were classified as congeneric with the dodo, including the Rodrigues solitaire and the Réunion solitaire, as Didus solitarius and Raphus solitarius, respectively (Didus and Raphus being names for the dodo genus used by different authors of the time). An atypical 17th-century description of a dodo and bones found on Rodrigues, now known to have belonged to the Rodrigues solitaire, led Abraham Dee Bartlett to name a new species, Didus nazarenus, in 1852.[6] Based on solitaire remains, it is now a synonym of that species.[7] Crude drawings of the red rail of Mauritius were also misinterpreted as dodo species; Didus broeckii and Didus herberti.[8]
For many years the dodo and the Rodrigues solitaire were placed in a family of their own, the Raphidae (formerly Dididae), because their exact relationships with other pigeons were unresolved. Each was also placed in its own monotypic family (Raphidae and Pezophapidae, respectively), as it was thought that they had evolved their similarities independently.[9]Osteological and DNA analysis has since led to the dissolution of the family Raphidae, and the dodo and solitaire are now placed in their own subfamily, Raphinae, within the family Columbidae.[10]
Evolution
In 2002, American geneticist Beth Shapiro and colleagues analysed the DNA of the dodo for the first time. Comparison of mitochondrial cytochrome b and 12S rRNA sequences isolated from a tarsal of the Oxford specimen and a femur of a Rodrigues solitaire confirmed their close relationship and their placement within the Columbidae. The genetic evidence was interpreted as showing the Southeast Asian Nicobar pigeon (Caloenas nicobarica) to be their closest living relative, followed by the crowned pigeons (Goura) of New Guinea, and the superficially dodo-like tooth-billed pigeon (Didunculus strigirostris) from Samoa (its scientific name refers to its dodo-like beak). This clade consists of generally ground-dwelling island endemic pigeons. The following cladogram shows the dodo's closest relationships within the Columbidae, based on Shapiro et al., 2002:[11][12]
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susanbailey · 6 years
Text
S23: “The Big Daddy” of SARMs
S23: “The Big Daddy” of SARMs
In recent years, the supplement market has boomed with products that promise almost overnight muscle gains. But that doesn’t mean taking anabolic steroids is going the way of the Dodo, either.  In fact, steroid use has increased over these past few years alone.
If you’re looking to avoid the many drawbacks that come with taking traditional steroids, consider looking into SARMs. They can give you the same gains as anabolic steroids, and, unlike many other supplements, are proven to work. And arguably, there’s no more effective SARM than S23: The “Big Daddy” of SARM supplements.
What is S 23?
SARMs (Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators) help increases the body’s muscle mass and bone density. S 23 orally bioavailable, which means it can be taken via pills and capsules. It’s also a non-steroid derivative so that it won’t cause hormonal imbalances.
It’s a very concentrated version of S4, also known as Andarine. When used correctly, S 23 can help increase lean tissue mass and muscle growth far better than Andarine, which is already regarded as a powerful muscle-building supplement.
Also, a handful of studies show that S-23 is the closest SARM to anabolic steroids regarding efficacy. However, there are some fundamental differences. Unlike traditional steroids, S-23 doesn’t decrease prostate size or cause dangerous mood swings. Other user reports suggest that S 23 is perhaps the best SARM to use when wanting to harden muscles and create a more chiseled aesthetic.
How Does S23 Work?
S23 is often referred to as “The Big Daddy” of SARMs because of how powerful it is. S23 works by specifically targeting chemical receptors in the muscles to skeletal bone masses of the body. After being stimulated, these muscle and bone groupings are encouraged to grow by utilizing stored energy reserves.
Studies have shown S23 to increase both lean muscle and skeletal mass while decreasing body fat. When combined with strenuous workouts, S23 can result in a grainier muscular build and increased endurance levels.
Is S 23 Safe?
Correctly using S-23 is a safe way to increase muscle growth and endurance through SARM supplement use. Because of how S23 affects the body’s hormonal receptors, not much needs to be used when compared to other SARMs. However, S23 is so potent that it affects people in wildly different ways, even under proper dosing.
For this reason alone, it’s essential to dose correctly. Here a few things to keep in mind before taking S23:
When cycling S 23, the substance will be detectable in the blood and urine for 72 hours.
It’s important to consult with WADA rules and coach before taking S23 if you want to compete without breaking existing competition guidelines.
What are the Side Effects of S-23?
Because of how close S23 is to steroids, it can come with more side effects than other SARMs. Read through the following carefully before deciding whether or not to start using S23:
S-23 May Cause Testosterone Shutdown
Like I said before, S 23 is the most potent SARM to come on the market today. And because of how strong it is, S23 can cause a metabolic problem known as testosterone shutdown. Unlike other SARMS, S 23 has been studied to alter testosterone levels in the body significantly. People who cycle using S23 report eliminating the side effects of testosterone shutdown by supporting their supplementation of S 23 with Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT).
Thankfully, side effects were reversed entirely in studies where users stopped taking S23 and completed a full TRT plan.
An Increased Sense of Aggression Across the Board
S23 can throw your testosterone levels sky high. Constant aggravation and expressing signs of outward aggression have been reported by users cycling through S 23. These mental side effect can vary significantly from person to person. But it needs to be said: If you have a history of mental illness or violence, consult with a professional before taking S 23.
Testicles and Prostate May Shrink
Like when taking steroids, S-23 can cause abnormal shrinkage of the testes and prostate. This is, for the most part, temporary and will go away after the first week or so of cycling. To avoid permanent damage, never cycle more than eight weeks with S23 if you observe testicle and prostate shrinking.
Hair Loss May Rear its Ugly Head
Using S-23 can cause hair loss in men. If you’re already experiencing thinning hair, expect shedding to increase.
Excreting Darker Than Usual Urine
Users of S-23 have reported peeing darker than normal urine. This off-colored urine is attributed to how S23 causes the body to release retained water.
What are the Benefits of S23?
Cycling S-23 with proper dosings can result in noticeable performance gains. Here are just a few benefits of taking S23:
You’ll Have a Grainy Muscular Build When Using S 23
People who take S-23 develop a visibly more grainy muscular build than those who don’t. If you put two people who are at 10 percent body fat, with only one of them taking S23, you’ll be able to notice the clear difference.
S-23 Helps Improve Stamina During Hard Workouts
Because of the anabolic effects of S-23, you can expect to increase your stamina while taking them. In fact, the increased stamina will be present even after you cycle off of S-23.
Reduces Water Retention in the Body
S23 depletes the muscles of water so that they can flush excess insulin and lactic acid. The result is dramatic water weight loss, which could be plus if you’re competing at weight levels.
Will Offset Muscle Catabolism When Cutting
If you’re cutting, taking S23 can help mitigate muscle loss. Cycle through a course of S-23 when trimming down, and you’ll retain all your muscle gains from bulking.
S23 Produces Quick Results
Because of how potent S-23 is, results come quick. You can expect to see a visible difference in as little as two weeks.
Skeletal Bone Density Increases When Using S-23.
Like other SARMs, S-23 can help improve bone health and density. Calcium mineralization in the bones is also possible when taking S-23 bone health, as well.
Even though S 23 has more significant side effect than other SARMs, they offer even more benefits than less potent varieties. And they’re still much safer to take the anabolic steroids. Again, you need to know how to dose correctly to get all these benefits.
What’s the Correct Dosage of S23 to Take?
Studies conducted on rodents suggest that the human equivalent to dosing with S 23 would be between 0.5mg to 50mg. Because of this wide margin, specific dosing is difficult to pin down. However, most users suggest using between 20mg and 30mg. This amount is split between three doses throughout the day.
Correct cycling with S-23 is just as hard to exact. But using current research results as guidelines, users can cycle for up to eight weeks. However, consider doing a single four-week cycle before lengthening your run. After eight weeks of cycling, allow for a 30 day rest period. You will also need to follow with an appropriate Post Cycle Therapy (PCT).
In What Form is S-23 Available in For Supplement Use?
SARM S23 is primarily available in oral forms. When shopping for S-23, choose either pill or capsule products. It’s a good idea to make sure each pill or capsules measures between 5mg or 10mg for easy dosing.
Where to Buy S-23 Online?
S23 is available from many online stores and vendors, particularly in oral forms. Each S-23 product will also come with the SARM label “for research use only.” Like other SARMs, S23 hasn’t been cleared by the FDA for human consumption by the FDA. But independent clinical and case studies show that it is, in fact, ok to be taken.
With that in mind, I’d recommend buying from SARMS4YOU. These company’s labs test their S-23 supplements, so you can rest assured your product is pure. Less reputable companies may combine their products with fillers and even cheaper steroids. Avoid those business and products like the plague.
Commonly Asked Questions
As with any new supplement, many questions can come to the foreground. Here are just a few of the most common about S23 supplementation:
When will I notice results from taking S 23?
If you stay consistent in your daily doses, you can expect drastic results in as little as four weeks. Because of how S23 strips the muscles of water, it’s crucial to remain hydrated. If you’re dehydrated, your on-scale results can be skewed.
Is S23 Safe to take for up to two months?
Yes, it is! However, eight weeks is the longest you should cycle with S23. And when you are using it this long, make sure you follow with a PCT.
Will S23 make my moods swing?
Because S23 is such a potent SARM, it’s unlike others in the fact that it can cause your mood to change. Users have noted increases of aggression, frustration, and anger when cycling S23. Take this into account when you’re deciding if you want to use S23.
What’s the best way to take S 23?
The optimal way to take S 23 is via ingesting capsules or pills of the SARM. Oral bioavailability is surprisingly high with S23, so it will remain powerful when ingested in capsule or pill form.
Can S23 damage my prostate?
The long-term effects of using S 23 are still unclear. Some users have reported shrinking testicles and protesters as a result of heavy S23 cycling. Thankfully, these symptoms cleared after stopping and using a PCT regimen.
Final Thoughts on S 23
There’s a good reason why SARM supplements are gaining popularity among muscle building and physics enhancement. Even though S23 does have more side effects than other SMARs, it’s still a much safer alternative than using anabolic steroids. Because dosing S 23 is quite tricky, I’d recommend starting on the conservative side, then going up from there.
I’d highly recommend taking S23, as long are mindful of your dosing and follow with a PCT cycle. S23 is an overall safe and beneficial substitute for steroids that can provide jaw-dropping results, on and off the scale.
The post S23: “The Big Daddy” of SARMs appeared first on 101SARMs.
S23: “The Big Daddy” of SARMs published first on http://101sarms.com/
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101sarms · 6 years
Text
S23: “The Big Daddy” of SARMs
S23: “The Big Daddy” of SARMs
In recent years, the supplement market has boomed with products that promise almost overnight muscle gains. But that doesn’t mean taking anabolic steroids is going the way of the Dodo, either.  In fact, steroid use has increased over these past few years alone.
If you’re looking to avoid the many drawbacks that come with taking traditional steroids, consider looking into SARMs. They can give you the same gains as anabolic steroids, and, unlike many other supplements, are proven to work. And arguably, there’s no more effective SARM than S23: The “Big Daddy” of SARM supplements.
What is S 23?
SARMs (Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators) help increases the body’s muscle mass and bone density. S 23 orally bioavailable, which means it can be taken via pills and capsules. It’s also a non-steroid derivative so that it won’t cause hormonal imbalances.
It’s a very concentrated version of S4, also known as Andarine. When used correctly, S 23 can help increase lean tissue mass and muscle growth far better than Andarine, which is already regarded as a powerful muscle-building supplement.
Also, a handful of studies show that S-23 is the closest SARM to anabolic steroids regarding efficacy. However, there are some fundamental differences. Unlike traditional steroids, S-23 doesn’t decrease prostate size or cause dangerous mood swings. Other user reports suggest that S 23 is perhaps the best SARM to use when wanting to harden muscles and create a more chiseled aesthetic.
How Does S23 Work?
S23 is often referred to as “The Big Daddy” of SARMs because of how powerful it is. S23 works by specifically targeting chemical receptors in the muscles to skeletal bone masses of the body. After being stimulated, these muscle and bone groupings are encouraged to grow by utilizing stored energy reserves.
Studies have shown S23 to increase both lean muscle and skeletal mass while decreasing body fat. When combined with strenuous workouts, S23 can result in a grainier muscular build and increased endurance levels.
Is S 23 Safe?
Correctly using S-23 is a safe way to increase muscle growth and endurance through SARM supplement use. Because of how S23 affects the body’s hormonal receptors, not much needs to be used when compared to other SARMs. However, S23 is so potent that it affects people in wildly different ways, even under proper dosing.
For this reason alone, it’s essential to dose correctly. Here a few things to keep in mind before taking S23:
When cycling S 23, the substance will be detectable in the blood and urine for 72 hours.
It’s important to consult with WADA rules and coach before taking S23 if you want to compete without breaking existing competition guidelines.
What are the Side Effects of S-23?
Because of how close S23 is to steroids, it can come with more side effects than other SARMs. Read through the following carefully before deciding whether or not to start using S23:
S-23 May Cause Testosterone Shutdown
Like I said before, S 23 is the most potent SARM to come on the market today. And because of how strong it is, S23 can cause a metabolic problem known as testosterone shutdown. Unlike other SARMS, S 23 has been studied to alter testosterone levels in the body significantly. People who cycle using S23 report eliminating the side effects of testosterone shutdown by supporting their supplementation of S 23 with Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT).
Thankfully, side effects were reversed entirely in studies where users stopped taking S23 and completed a full TRT plan.
An Increased Sense of Aggression Across the Board
S23 can throw your testosterone levels sky high. Constant aggravation and expressing signs of outward aggression have been reported by users cycling through S 23. These mental side effect can vary significantly from person to person. But it needs to be said: If you have a history of mental illness or violence, consult with a professional before taking S 23.
Testicles and Prostate May Shrink
Like when taking steroids, S-23 can cause abnormal shrinkage of the testes and prostate. This is, for the most part, temporary and will go away after the first week or so of cycling. To avoid permanent damage, never cycle more than eight weeks with S23 if you observe testicle and prostate shrinking.
Hair Loss May Rear its Ugly Head
Using S-23 can cause hair loss in men. If you’re already experiencing thinning hair, expect shedding to increase.
Excreting Darker Than Usual Urine
Users of S-23 have reported peeing darker than normal urine. This off-colored urine is attributed to how S23 causes the body to release retained water.
What are the Benefits of S23?
Cycling S-23 with proper dosings can result in noticeable performance gains. Here are just a few benefits of taking S23:
You’ll Have a Grainy Muscular Build When Using S 23
People who take S-23 develop a visibly more grainy muscular build than those who don’t. If you put two people who are at 10 percent body fat, with only one of them taking S23, you’ll be able to notice the clear difference.
S-23 Helps Improve Stamina During Hard Workouts
Because of the anabolic effects of S-23, you can expect to increase your stamina while taking them. In fact, the increased stamina will be present even after you cycle off of S-23.
Reduces Water Retention in the Body
S23 depletes the muscles of water so that they can flush excess insulin and lactic acid. The result is dramatic water weight loss, which could be plus if you’re competing at weight levels.
Will Offset Muscle Catabolism When Cutting
If you’re cutting, taking S23 can help mitigate muscle loss. Cycle through a course of S-23 when trimming down, and you’ll retain all your muscle gains from bulking.
S23 Produces Quick Results
Because of how potent S-23 is, results come quick. You can expect to see a visible difference in as little as two weeks.
Skeletal Bone Density Increases When Using S-23.
Like other SARMs, S-23 can help improve bone health and density. Calcium mineralization in the bones is also possible when taking S-23 bone health, as well.
Even though S 23 has more significant side effect than other SARMs, they offer even more benefits than less potent varieties. And they’re still much safer to take the anabolic steroids. Again, you need to know how to dose correctly to get all these benefits.
What’s the Correct Dosage of S23 to Take?
Studies conducted on rodents suggest that the human equivalent to dosing with S 23 would be between 0.5mg to 50mg. Because of this wide margin, specific dosing is difficult to pin down. However, most users suggest using between 20mg and 30mg. This amount is split between three doses throughout the day.
Correct cycling with S-23 is just as hard to exact. But using current research results as guidelines, users can cycle for up to eight weeks. However, consider doing a single four-week cycle before lengthening your run. After eight weeks of cycling, allow for a 30 day rest period. You will also need to follow with an appropriate Post Cycle Therapy (PCT).
In What Form is S-23 Available in For Supplement Use?
SARM S23 is primarily available in oral forms. When shopping for S-23, choose either pill or capsule products. It’s a good idea to make sure each pill or capsules measures between 5mg or 10mg for easy dosing.
Where to Buy S-23 Online?
S23 is available from many online stores and vendors, particularly in oral forms. Each S-23 product will also come with the SARM label “for research use only.” Like other SARMs, S23 hasn’t been cleared by the FDA for human consumption by the FDA. But independent clinical and case studies show that it is, in fact, ok to be taken.
With that in mind, I’d recommend buying from SARMS4YOU. These company’s labs test their S-23 supplements, so you can rest assured your product is pure. Less reputable companies may combine their products with fillers and even cheaper steroids. Avoid those business and products like the plague.
Commonly Asked Questions
As with any new supplement, many questions can come to the foreground. Here are just a few of the most common about S23 supplementation:
When will I notice results from taking S 23?
If you stay consistent in your daily doses, you can expect drastic results in as little as four weeks. Because of how S23 strips the muscles of water, it’s crucial to remain hydrated. If you’re dehydrated, your on-scale results can be skewed.
Is S23 Safe to take for up to two months?
Yes, it is! However, eight weeks is the longest you should cycle with S23. And when you are using it this long, make sure you follow with a PCT.
Will S23 make my moods swing?
Because S23 is such a potent SARM, it’s unlike others in the fact that it can cause your mood to change. Users have noted increases of aggression, frustration, and anger when cycling S23. Take this into account when you’re deciding if you want to use S23.
What’s the best way to take S 23?
The optimal way to take S 23 is via ingesting capsules or pills of the SARM. Oral bioavailability is surprisingly high with S23, so it will remain powerful when ingested in capsule or pill form.
Can S23 damage my prostate?
The long-term effects of using S 23 are still unclear. Some users have reported shrinking testicles and protesters as a result of heavy S23 cycling. Thankfully, these symptoms cleared after stopping and using a PCT regimen.
Final Thoughts on S 23
There’s a good reason why SARM supplements are gaining popularity among muscle building and physics enhancement. Even though S23 does have more side effects than other SMARs, it’s still a much safer alternative than using anabolic steroids. Because dosing S 23 is quite tricky, I’d recommend starting on the conservative side, then going up from there.
I’d highly recommend taking S23, as long are mindful of your dosing and follow with a PCT cycle. S23 is an overall safe and beneficial substitute for steroids that can provide jaw-dropping results, on and off the scale.
  The post S23: “The Big Daddy” of SARMs appeared first on 101SARMs.
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lebrisereve · 6 years
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2008RECORDS
CRYSTAL CASTLES s/t  JAY REATARD matador singles 08 AND singles 06 - 07  DEERHUNTER microcastle  SILLY KISSERS love tsunami  GROUPER dragging a dead deer HOT CHIP made in the dark  PORTISHEAD third SHE & HIM volume 1  CRYSTAL STILTS alight of night  THE BREEDERS mountain battles  VIVIAN GIRLS st  FLEET FOXES st  BEACH HOUSE devotion MGMT oracular spectacular NO AGE nouns  BRITISH SEA POWER do you like rock music?  M83 saturday = youth  CUT COPY in ghost colours KURT VILE Constant Hitmaker MOSCOW OLYMPICS cut the world PETER BJORN AND JOHN seaside rock FUCKED UP the chemistry of common life STEREOLAB chemical chords ATLAS SOUND let the blind lead those who can see but cannot feel METRONOMY nights out VAMPIRE WEEKEND st THE MAGNETIC FIELDS distortion  THESE NEW PURITANS  Beat pyramid SIGUR ROS med sud i eyrum vid spilum endalaust ABE VIGODA Skeletons LYKKE LI youth novels
BECK modern guilt  SEBASTIEN TELLIER sexuality COURTNEY LOVE "rehab demos" ANNE BACHELEY headquarters THE COOL KIDS the bake sale COMET GAIN broken records prayer THE DEPRECIATION GUILD in her gentle jaws THE RUBY SUNS sea lions RADIO DEPT. freddie and the trojan horse TWIN SISTER vampire with dreaming kids CRYSTAL ANTLERS ep MOGWAI the hawk is howling ZOMBIE ZOMBIE a land for renegades WILD BEAST limbo panto THIEVES LIKE US play music MATTHEW DEAR asa breed THEE OH SEES the master's bedroom is worth spending a night in PORT'O BRIEN all we could do was singing EMPIRE OF THE SUN st EL GUINCHO alegranza BONNIE PRINCE BILLY lie down the light HERCULES AND THE LOVE AFFAIR st SONS AND DAUGHTERS this gift FRIENDLY FIRES friendly fires DEPARTMENT OF EAGLES in ear park BELLE AND SEBASTIAN bbc sessions THE TEENAGERS reality check (I only like half the record) TEARS RUN RINGS always, sometimes, seldom, never SLOW CLUB 3 first singles OF MONTREAL skeletal lamping NEON NEON stainless style COLDPLAY viva la vida (I never liked them before but i kind of like this one) BRIAN JONESTOWN MASSACRE my bloody underground THE LAST SHADOW PUPPETS the age of the understatement LIARS liars MARTINA TOPLEY BIRD the blue god THE DODOS visiter THE CHARLATANS You Cross My Path  LATE OF THE PIER fantasy black channel  LINDSTROM  where you go I go too NITE JEWEL good evening  SEAN NICHOLAS SAVAGE summer 500 LADYHAWKE st YELLE pop up KANYE WEST 808s & heartbreak 
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