#spinosaurus eating

[jordydrawsmerch]

my current reptile merch!! 🐍

I'm gonna be at the LA Reptile Super Show this weekend, so if you have any suggestions for more little guys feel free to comment/tag em

shop

etsy (UK/EU)

#my merch #reptile #rattlesnake #tw snakes #snake tw #hognose #snakes #dinosaur #spinosaurus #brontosaurus #tyrannosaurus rex #rainbow boa #egg eating snake #ball python #gaboon viper #king cobra #black mamba #green tree python #reptiblr #herpblr #snakeblr #corn snake #so many tags

[joitiks]

canadian goose noises

#my dumbass eating gluten when i can't: #Spinosaurus #Spinosaurus aegyptiacus #spinosauridae #dinosaur #dinosaurs #theropods #theropoda #sketch #my art

[famderfries]

if someone taught me about dinosaurs i think i would fall in love with them on the spot

#My favourites are spinosaurus (interesting) and therazinosaurus (Turkey with acryllics) #spinosaurus being semi aquatic is the most basic and interesting thing i know i go feral everytie im reminded of it #if there was like. a david attenborough for each dinosaur i would eat thay shit up #even tho that would take decades at least #idk!!! i like dinosaurs!!!! #apollo says stuff #*therizinosaurus. knew i spelt it wrong #dinosaur talk

[woso-dreamzzz]

Torn

Kewis x Child!Reader

Summary: No one tells you anything

Something bad happens to Mom when she's away with Chelsea.

She comes back with crutches and a bandage around her leg. It's pretty bad, you gather, but no one tells you what exactly is wrong with her.

"Careful, chook," Mom says as you round the corner chasing after Helen," Don't run so fast. I'm delicate."

You give her an unimpressed look at interrupting you but don't say anything because she's hurt. You have to do that a lot now. Mom is very busy trying to recover, Mommy tells you often, and that you shouldn't interrupt her while she's doing that.

Mommy is trying to clean up around the two of you while muttering to Auntie Sam on the phone. You think that's a little funny sometimes, that you have an Auntie Sam and the Mom's adult name is Sam too.

It's kind of funny but you don't dwell on it for long because Helen pops her head up over the coffee table that Mom's using to stretch her boo-boo leg. Helen gives you a look that says 'keep-playing-with-me' so you hurry to follow her, grabbing the jingly bells on a stick to wave at her.

It's her favourite toy and you shake it for her to paw at.

"Hey," Mommy moves past and takes it off you," Mom's trying to relax. How about we play quietly?"

You huff but don't argue. Helen mews rudely at Mommy as you go to sit in your play corner.

Mommy's packed away all your loud, interesting toys so you're forced to play with the boring princess toys Grandpa got you for Christmas. You make one of your dinosaurs eat her.

Usually, when you play with dinosaurs, Mom comes over to play with you but she and Mommy are cuddling on the sofa and talking in hushed voices.

You know that means they're having an adult conversation about Mom's injury that they don't want you to hear about.

You know the very bare minimum about Mom's knee. You knew she hurt it when she went on holiday with Chelsea and recently came back home from the hospital surgery she had.

She walks around on crutches now and isn't allowed to pick you up or run around with you anymore.

It's very annoying and it makes her sad sometimes. You try to cheer her up but Mommy always directs you to play by yourself because she's scared that you'll hurt Mom.

"What are you doing there, chook?" Mom asks when she watches you take the clothes off of one of your princesses.

"Dinos can't eat clothes, Mom," You reply," Got to be naked to eat."

You brutally smack your Spinosaurus against the princess and make crude eating sounds with your mouth.

Mommy wrinkles her nose in disgust like every time you do something like this. You think Mommy's a bit like a princess sometimes because she likes dressing up all pretty and is less willing to play rough with you like Mom does.

"What happened to playing nice?" Mommy asks," We have to treat everyone with respect."

You roll your eyes. "Toys aren't real people, Mommy. They're just pretend."

Mom laughs. "She's got you there, Kristie."

Kristie is Mommy's grown up name and you think that's kind of cool. Her name is even like a princess name and sometimes Auntie Sam jokes that she's the princess of eyebrows.

Mommy is very proud of her eyebrows but she's not been taking care of them like she usually does because she's very focused on helping Mom with her knee.

At the thought of Mom's injury, you huff and bumshuffle your way with your Spinosaurus and Allosaurus over to Helen sitting in her cat tree.

Sam watches you go. You've been different since she came home injured. Not different enough that she's overly concerned but enough that she's begun to notice it.

"She's doing it again," She whispers to Kristie as they both watch your little shoulders slouch into yourself when you turn around, as if to check that they're both still there.

Your eyes stay focused on where Sam's leg is propped up on the table.

"I think the injury is throwing her off a little," Kristie replies with a sigh," I imagine this is a lot."

"Are we paying enough attention to her? I mean..."

They watch you as you wander back to your play corner and try to drag your big tub of dinosaurs over to Helen's cat tree. You're practically obsessed with dinosaurs ever since you caught a rerun of Dinosaur King on the tv.

It had launched an obsession that Sam likened to her own for football and your absolute favourite thing was handing her and Kristie dinosaurs so they could play with you.

"Heya, Chook," Sam calls out," Do you need some help there?"

"Can't help," You grunt as you helplessly tug at the box," You're hurt."

"Well, I can help," Kristie says, already moving to get up.

You freeze her with a look of contempt. "Can't help either. You have to look after Mom." You move around the box to push it rather than pull and it suddenly gets a lot easier.

It's a stupid thing to be proud of, Sam thinks, but she's proud nonetheless. You're a good little problem solver and you're clearly picking up on hers and Kristie's behaviours without it being fully explained to you.

You sit in front of Helen and put out a dinosaur in front of her. Sam's not sure what kind it is but that's fine because you clearly do, as you choose your own dinosaur from the box and make it fight Helen's.

Kristie moves to sit crosslegged next to you. You spare her a glance but go back to playing.

She reaches into your box.

"Can't touch unless you're playing," You say firmly," And you can't play.

"Why can't I play?"

"Because you have to look after Mom."

"And that means I can't play?"

"No." You make Helen's dinosaur lay on its side and die because that's what happens with dinosaurs. "Because Mom's more important than playing and I'm littler so I can be forgotten."

Your words don't really make sense and yet somehow makes perfect sense to Kristie. She sighs.

"Are you feeling sad? Because I haven't been playing with you since Mom hurt her leg?"

"I'm not sad," You say as you pick out another dinosaur for Helen," I'm littler than Mom and she's bigger and has a boo-boo so she needs to be looked after."

"Mommy can still play with you," Mom says from her spot on the sofa. She hasn't said much since Mommy came over but she has been watching. "If you bring the box over here then I can play too."

You glance over your shoulder with a look that makes it clear you think she's lying. "You can't play, Mom," You say," Because you've hurt your knee and you're delicate. You said so."

"I did, didn't I?" Mom laughs a bit awkwardly. "As long as you don't run around or anything, we can still play. Here." She awkwardly moves to sit on the floor, throwing a sofa cushion down to rest her leg on as she sits by the coffee table.

You're still a little sceptical and you glance at Mommy to check. She's in charge of what you do with Mom because you're littler than her and she's got working knees.

She gives you nod. "If we all stay sitting, we can play at the table."

Kristie tries not to feel the guilt in her chest when you light up like a Christmas tree and shove your box across the floor. You never used to look so happy when she and Sam offered to play with you.

"You can be the Microceratus, Mommy, because it's pretty like you." You hand her the toy. "And you can be my Ornithomimus because it's fast." You hand Sam the toy.

Sam smiles. "Thanks, chook. What are you going to be?"

"I'm going to be Spinosaurus," You say," Because they're my favourite."

You dip into your box to grab your little trees and bushes to dot around the table to make a scene. You go to grab your Spinosaurus before stopping. You glance between Sam and Kristie.

"Can...Can we play later too? Please? If Mom's knee is less hurt?"

Sam smiles at you. "Of course we can play later, chook."

#woso x reader #kewis x reader #sam kerr x reader #sam kerr #kristie mewis x reader #kristie mewis #woso community #woso fanfics #woso imagine #woso

[fallloverfic]

April Fool's Day art for My S-Class Hunters by 비완

The manhwa artist for My S-Class Hunters made some April Fool's Day art: "This year's April Fool's Day, the S-Class turned back time too much." The head of storyboarding for the manhwa, serikachan, explained the different animal choices in this thread:

Machine English translation: "Have a good April Fool's Day! This year's concept is around the N years of the characters, but if I vaguely turn back time, it seems like there will be a time before the regression or a future where only Eugene becomes a grandfather, and that was so sad that I turned it around too much [dinosaur emoji] I'm going to follow the thread of the reason why I matched each dinosaur.

Seong Hyun-je is the world's strongest character at the time of the story, so he naturally became a Tyrannosaurus. I wonder if only Jo Gu can swing the chain with his front paw… Me: How many claws did the Tyranno have? Who gets angry if you get confused? Biwan: I need to put three conditions on Yujin, so I need three fingers. ??? : Oh shit!!! This is an Allosaurus!!!

Yoohyeon is Dimetrodon. Dimetrodon looks like a dinosaur, but it is not actually a dinosaur. It often appears as a fire attribute in other media (Hellfire Dimetrodon in WoW too…), so I thought it would be the best fit. At first I thought it was Charmander, but I couldn't tell it apart from Irene. [laughing face emoji]

Yerim was torn between Spinosaurus, which is very strong and lived a semi-aquatic life, and Plesiosaurus, a plesiosaur, but went with the latter for a more intuitive visual.

In many works, Spinosaurus and Tyrannosaurus are often paired 1:1, so I thought about having Director Song, who is currently fighting Hyeonje in the free game, take on the role of Spinosaurus, but I needed a dinosaur that would give a presence in the distance, so I decided on Brachiosaurus. It is done. Chew the lettuce well and enjoy the huge brachio song director…

Hyuna is a triceratops. The horns remind me of a giant spear, and while I was looking for information, I saw several Triceratops taking up a defense position, and it really suited Hyuna's situation in the early stages of her awakening. It had three horns and somehow even raised a spear with its front paws, making it an even more powerful and kingly aceratops.

Noah chose Pteranodon, a representative pterosaur, and Riet chose Deinosuchus, which is said to eat dinosaurs. It looked so natural that it seemed like it had been like this from the beginning… I'll be happy if you enjoyed it! I give my love to Biwan, who even drew dinosaurs under a tight deadline. [face holding back tears emoji]"

#비완 #my s class hunters #sctir #s classes that i raised #sung hyunjae #moon hyuna #han yoojin #han yoohyun #park yerim #noah luire #riette #song taewon #t-rex hyunjae alkdjlaj #taewon just lakjdlaj #this is hilarious #amazing

[rainbow-femme]

It’s wild that in the Jurassic World movies they were like “we’re going to invent a new dinosaur!” And then for all intents and purposes made another T-Rex. Yeah for the characters it’s supposed to be smarter and stuff but to the audience the dinosaurs were always as smart as a situation needed them to be, yeah it’s bigger but I don’t have any scale and the T-Rex was already really big so after a certain point I can’t tell the difference

If you’re telling me this park needed a new wow factor to bring people in I don’t buy that a different color T-Rex would do it. They could have gone absolutely insane, taken some of the most iconic elements of different dinosaurs and slapped them together with the idea of “we’ll just put everyone’s favorite bits on one thing so that means they will love it even more” which also fits into the movie’s theme of making fun of the fact that it’s a rebooted sequel

Give me the scary jaws of a T-Rex but a long neck like a brontosaurus so it can now see way up high or around corners, maybe have it be extendable and retractable like some birds so it doesn’t look goofy all the time but have it be tension that they don’t know how long the neck extends

Give me crazy triceratops horns and stegosaurus spikes so it’s just weapons going in every direction, give me Deinocheirus long arms so it’s not even limited by the T-Rex stubby arm thing, make it able to swim like the Spinosaurus, give me acid spit like the Dilophosaurus

Fuck it, give it wings! I don’t care! I’m here to see people get eaten by dinosaurs, you think I care about physics? Give me a T-Rex with a long neck that can swoop down from the sky like a fucking dragon

Maybe have it be omnivorous and while in containment it was really docile and people were safe around it because they always fed it when they came in but then when it gets out and the humans are acting agitated and don’t have food it starts to get aggressive and tries to eat the people instead, so anyone who sees it and isn’t in the know thinks it’s safe

Hell, maybe it’s not actively trying to hurt people at all. Maybe to show off the different dinosaur talents they taught it tricks so it keeps trying to do the tricks for a reward and the tricks are now dangerous to humans and it’s not being fed so it’s doing them more and doing them more aggressively. Maybe it had a target it shot acid at or it would swim towards a moving piece of bait and attack it, or they would play a noise to make it extend its neck and investigate so now it automatically does that at unfamiliar noises, maybe it had things it was trained to smash with the spike tail or spear with its horns. Give it a seaworld/circus angle of “hey maybe these things shouldn’t be doing tricks for human amusement”

You’re gonna make it CGI anyway, why not make it cool! Make it insane looking! Make it even kind of silly at first until it gets out and all of a sudden all those things that make it silly are now actively coming to get you

#I just don’t understand why you took ‘new dinosaur we can invent’ and both times just made another t-Rex #jurassic park #jurassic world #dinosaurs

[lizardywizard]

actually "dinosaur" isn't a language it's an entire language family, and "rawr" only means "i love you" in 2 of them

other meanings of "rawr":

- scrape in the ground for a nest (derogatory) (Compsognathus)

- past participle of rerr (Jakapil kaniukura)

- split river, river mouth (Spinosaurus)

- devour (Pliosaurus funkei)

- someone who eats their food in the road and has to drop it when a car comes, rather than dragging it to the sidewalk; a fool (Corvus brachyrhynchos)

#unreality

[honey-minded-hivemind]

Dino squad request take your time getting to it ^.^

I know that reader is the same species as Logan and victor but what if some big miscommunication happens (where victor and Logan think they’re the same species but oops!) and reader is one of those giant dinosaurs like spinosaurus or something like that

Oh, fun! Would you like to be called Spino Anon? Let's try some headcanona for this one:

• Logan would feel excited to have another teen under his wing, especially one who was thought to be a raptor like him. When he discovers that the Reader isn't a raptor, at first he's a bit upset... But then he gets over it. Reader is still a dinosaur like him, like his other (adopted) hatchlings, why wouod he be upset? Just look at them! They're a Spinosaurus! Large, powerful, and can swim!

• He is careful when getting them involved with the other teens, letting them bring Reader in and letting himself and them build their own separate trusts and friendship with Reader, allowing allowing to feel comfortable enough to show them their dinosaur form. And what a cute hatchling they are: long snout like a crocodile, a baby sail rising from their back, a long tail built for swimming, even sharp little teeth built for catching fish.

• He's glad to add them to his flock, his pack, his family. He shows them, and Oxalaia!Remy and Quetzylcoatlus!Pietro how to fish, and teaching them when different fish migrate and where they live. Mandatory fishing trips are a must after the first one. Showing Reader how to playfight with Allosaurus!Scott and Diplodocus!Rogue, being careful to show them how to not hurt them with their teeth or claws. And spending time in a large nest he spent an entire week building, just to be able to fit all of his hatchlings inside it with him, so they can have pack bonding (and nap!) time

• Victor had heard rumors as well, about a raptor running around along with the other juvenile dinosaurs. He's thrilled at the thought of having another one of his species to teach, as well as to help bring in the other young ones. When finding out they're a Spinosaurus, he's mad with his henchmen, for getting two completely separate and anatomically different creatures mixed up. He finds he isn't mad with Reader for being a Spinosaurus, he's just relieved they're a dinosaur at all. And what a Dino! A proper Spinosaurus, large and adept for swimming, perfect for wet and watery climates. The perfect hatchling...

• He's able to catch the teens (not that he knows they're human teens) in their Dino forms from time to time, happily talking to them while the sedatives he used wears off of them. He takes the proper time to pet them, to check their vitals, whispering to himself and them over how impressive they are, how wonderful, how he can't wait to give them the world... He sets them up in the habitats he specifically made with them in mind, carefuk to keep it safe and clean, not allowing anyone to bother them once they're sleeping inside

• Victor makes sure Spinosaurus!Reader has fresh sources of water, from wetlands and rivers to even lagoon and lake, all full of fish and creatures fit for that environment. Victor has careful plans to let the young dinos interact with each other, as well as lessons on not to eat each other and how to leave their dinosaur brethren out of their fights and meals (they wouldn't eat each other, but he doesn't know they were humans, again). All the time in the world, to change it and make it perfect for his new hatchlings, a new age of dinosaurs... Now if they wouod just stop escaping. Why are they such stubborn babies?

• The moment these two realize the other is involved, they are doing everything in their power to keep Spinosaurus!Reader with them. While Logan knows they're a teen and shouldn't be on their own, let alone with his evil/crazy older brother, he is also aware he can't take them away from every human. He has to share (and they could always leave him, so it's best to share them). His other harchlings agree with that sentiment, even if they sometimes try to keep Reader away from the rest of the class. Victor doesn't know the teens and Reader are human, but he knows they're juvenile dinosaurs, so he doesn't care about human interaction with them, seeing it as bad and detrimental to them. He's annoyed that Reader can leave, and hopes to convince then then stay one day, perhaps see if they understand him or the others. But even if he found out the teens were humans, he'd never let them near ones who weren't loyal to him. He wouldn't want to risk them getting hurt or choosing to leave. And if his runt is with them... well, if he has the hatchlings, his packmate is sure to follow them... After all, his brother never could resist a chick in need of a parent...

#honeycomb thoughts #platonic yandere marvel #yandere platonic marvel #platonic yandere xmen #yandere x-men #platonic yandere #platonic yandere x reader #platonic yandere marvel x reader #platonic yandere xmen evolution #platonic yandere xmen evolution au #🦖dino squad🦕 au

[chronically-unlucky]

How to properly enrich your dinosaurs genetically engineered monsters so they don’t breach containment

Velociraptors

I feel like they were on the right track in Jurassic World letting the raptors chase the pig and training them tricks to keep their brain stimulated, but they didn’t take it far enough. Give them puzzles to work out for treats. Large scale versions of the ones they use for cats and then eventually move on to toddler puzzles once they’ve clearly mastered the cat ones. You will have to move on from the toddler puzzles so I recommend hiring a professional puzzle maker. Do not make an escape room puzzle. You do not want your raptors thinking about escaping places. We want them to have enrichment so they don’t want to escape, but if you give them a pretend escape room they’re going to see their enclosure as a new level.

Tyrannosaurus Rex

Honestly I don’t know if we have enough of their behavior patterns to accurately predict what their enrichment needs are. We do have Dr. Grant stating that they want to hunt instead of being fed, but if we’re counting Camp Cretaceous in our lore here (which I am), they will also eat food that’s been left for them, which is actually accurate to real t rexes as they would hunt prey and scavenge. But in lieu of any other potential avenues for enrichment I’d say better to let Rexy hunt. You might just have to focus on keeping your fence going with backups upon backups and systems that can’t be shut down by a single person. Spared no expense my ass

Spinosaurus

We also don’t see enough of the Spinosaurus to predict her enrichment needs, but I think a solidly land based enclosure was a mistake. Her enclosure should look a bit closer to that of a turtle’s but on a much larger scale obviously. I’d say also to build her enclosure away from other predators as she seems to seek out fights for fights sake, though this behavior could be attributed to boredom and potentially could be avoided with proper enrichment, but aside from allowing her to hunt we don’t have any indication from canon as to what she would need to properly stimulate her. I think perhaps you could try the puzzles from the velociraptors on a scale appropriate for her as she does peel open an airplane for “treats”. Most importantly though don’t do fucked up experiments on her to give her a personal vendetta against humans.

Dilophosaurus

Okay, I know we see even less of them than we do rexy or the Spinosaurus, but I think we get a little more here. Frilled lizards exist and I think we can carry over their enrichment over to the dilophosarus which means giving them places to hide and things to explore. Also I think they’d go crazy over a lazer pointer so maybe get one that’s on an automatic system that they can turn on themselves. Again, letting them hunt is incredibly important.

Pterodactyls

The birdcage is a good idea, but poorly executed in canon. Yeah I get they want the guests to see as much as possible, but glass? Cmon. The birdcage in JP3 is much better, though obviously keeping up maintenance is absolutely crucial. I would say though to make some tunnel things that are actually meant for them and little structures they can hop on like when they were chasing Eric. Also probably get birds to use as prey for them so they can get some real exercise in.

Mosasaurus

Listen. I’m gonna be honest here and say I have no fucking idea how to properly enrich sea creatures. The only thing I can say is that the lagoon isn’t big enough. For an orca maybe, but for that giant?? Absolutely not. In fact, making an enclosure properly sized for the mosasaur would likely involve less building an enclosure and more fencing off a significant portion of the ocean. And on top of that, the potential consequences of the mosasaurus getting loose are far worse than any other animal in Jurassic Park/World. Yes the land based carnivores can kill millions, but if the mosasaurus reached the open ocean the impact it would have a devastating impact on the environment as it would be the absolute apex predator with nothing on earth capable of stopping it but it’s eventual death.

Herbivores

I’m not going to go into herbivores enrichment as they’re not a huge problem in canon, buuut I think letting guests just walk freely among them was not the move. Just because they’re not interested in eating people doesn’t mean they’re not interested in killing people. The gyrosperes were a step up from the jeeps, but I’d say still pushing it. The zip line in Camp Cretaceous actually seems like the best idea canon has for guests viewing the herbivores, but I would recommend at least daily if not twice daily maintenance checks. Also don’t put fuckin poisonous plants where they can be found by the herbivores. I know they “don’t eat them” but it’s too risky in case they do eat them. At best you’re looking at the world’s most expensive vet bill, but at the most realistic you’re burying them because there just aren’t any vets trained to treat dinosaurs and know their biology well enough to help them get better.

Indominus Rex

I’d love to start this out by saying not to genetically engineer monsters, but as Doctor Wu points out “nothing in Jurassic World is natural” so instead I’d say pay better fucking attention to what genetics you’re splicing together and listen when your mad scientist tells you you’re going too far. Genuinely, the indominus Rex as is could not be properly enriched. You cannot make the genetic combination you made and successfully stimulate the resulting animal you have to change the dna used.

Sure you could try socializing her with other dinosaurs, but given she ate her twin I don’t think that’s going to go well. Yes, you could also try having her imprint on a human, but that would require a human being to be much closer to her than is safe. The raptors give Owen shit and try to eat him when he saves the boy from them, imagine that but on a massive scale. It’s not pretty. Given her raptor dna I think this is another situation in which the puzzles would be a good idea, but it wouldn’t be enough to make up for poor socialization.

Indoraptor

Don’t fucking make a dinosaur specifically for killing other human beings what the fuck is wrong with you??

But let’s say you did make Indy with the same genetic code. Given the fact our boy Indy is on a much smaller scale, I think socialization could actually work here. The same tactics applied to the raptors would likely work here as well. Let him actually be raised by his mother and don’t abuse him???

Scorpius Rex

No. Unlike the indominus who most likely can’t be enriched or socialized properly, there is no proper way to enrich or socialize this animal. It’s safer and more humane to leave them on the drawing board.

Closing Notes

All of the information here would not actually be accessible until after the parks have been made and subsequently destroyed, but I feel hiring an animal behavioral expert and a proper expert on animal enrichment would lead to much better solutions than canon seemed to have in place. Also I will note that without Scorpius Rex, the indominus Rex and the Indoraptor wouldn’t exist in the first place nor would we have any way to tell in advance that the Scorpius would turn out so unstable so its existence is a bit of an inevitability, and therefore the indominus Rex is also an inevitability as again, they wouldn’t know ahead of time how impossible it would be to socialize and enrich the animal. The events of Jurassic World and Camp Cretaceous occur as in canon. However with the Indoraptor we could take the information we gained from working with the raptors and seeing the indominus in action to properly socialize and enrich it. The events of Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom could potentially be avoided.

Additionally the care for actual dinosaurs would probably be different than these as again Ingen’s genetic engineering made vastly different creatures and I only took proper dinosaur behavior into account where it matched with the behavior of the Jurassic dinosaurs.

I’m literally just some guy with a hyperfixation making some guesses. There’s almost definitely more possibilities for these animals’ mental health that a real professional could list, but these are just my thoughts based on what we see in canon.

#jurassic park #jurassic world #can you tell that I was living for how they did the raptors in JW? #because I am

[katborg82]

Baryonyx (Heavy Claw) was a Spinosaurid theropod dinosaur from the early Cretaceous period (130-125 Mya) of Europe. Much like its later relative, Spinosaurus, Baryonyx had croc-like jaws for catching and eating fish. This animal is also known for its larger claw on the first finger, hence the name. The holotype specimen is estimated to be between 25 and 33 feet long, though this specimen may not have been fully grown. Unlike its relatives, Baryonyx is not believed to be aquatic, but it likely could swim and probably spent a lot of time near the water.

#baryonyx #paleoart #paleontology #evolution #dinosaur #dinosaurs #birds #cretaceous period #animal #animal art #animals #zoology #dino art

[sinosauropteryx--prima]

Sailed Animals

(Sailed animals and their relationships. Art by: Platyhystrix - Gabriel Uguento, Dimetrodon - Rob Soto, Edaphosaurus - Sean Closson, Arizonasaurus, Lotosaurus - Nobo Tamura, Spinosaurus - Liam Elward, Ouranosaurus - Scott Reid, Amargasaurus - Sergey Krasovskiy)

Okay, what I actually wanted to do, was write something about the Permian, and I will be doing that at some point - however, I got side tracked by Dimetrodon and Edaphosaurus and their sails, so here we are.

You see, I‘m a big fan of convergent evolution and especially when the evolution converges to some very specific and bizarre feature that we don‘t fully understand, like big sails on the backs of animals.

As you can see in the picture above, sails have evolved independently from each other many times. Some of the earliest instances come from the late Carboniferous and early Permian and include the amphibian Platyhystrix (I had no idea that there were sailed amphibians, that‘s so cool) and of course the famous carnivorous Dimetrodon and its plant-eating cousin Edaphosaurus. Edaphosaurus and Dimetrodon are often mistaken for reptiles or even dinosaurs. They were neither, but instead they were synapsids, the same group that includes us mammals.

The next time we see sails is during the Triassic in the crocodile-related Pseudosuchians, like the carnivorous Arizonasaurus or herbivorous Lotosaurus. I‘m not entirely sure, if the sails evolved only once in this group, or multiple times, because it is hard to find information on that (I really wish those croc-cousins would get the same attention as dinosaurs).

But speaking of dinosaurs: They of course also had sails. Most famous for it is Spinosaurus and its relatives, but other groups of dinosaurs also evolved sails. Those included the sauropods (the long-necked giant herbivores) like Amargasaurus (well, maybe?), as well as the Ornithopods (duck-billed dinosaurs and their relatives) like Ouranosaurus.

Now you might think that we have a clear lack of sailed animals at the moment, but don’t worry: there are still animals with sails! And somehow I was completely unaware of this until I started looking into it. We still have the Crested Chameleon, some species of basilisks, sail-fin dragons and the sailfish (although from what I understand its sail works differently then the ones of the lizards).

The sails of all these animals are made up from long extensions of the vertebrae. It is assumed that those bones were covered in tissue, spanning open a sail. We can be pretty certain of this, because there have been fossils found, where the bones had broken and then healed back together while the animal was still alive, clearly showing that they must have been held in place by something (Rega et al, 2012).

(skeletons of Dimetrodon, Ouranosaurus and a bison, Bailey 1997)

For different animals these bones can look very different though: For the synapsids like Dimetrodon they were very thin, while they were thicker and flatter in dinosaurs. In that way, they looked a lot more similar to the vertebrae of modern humped animals like bisons. This is why in the 90s there were some suggestions that those dinosaurs didn‘t have sails, but instead had big humps on their back for energy storage or maybe for insulation to keep a constant body temperature (Bailey, 1997).

The idea never really caught on, but we did this amazing illustration of a humped spinosaurus out of it. I know, we‘ve probably all seen our fair share of Spinosaurus reconstructions, but I have never seen a chonky one, and I don‘t know how to feel about it.

(humped Spinosaurus, Bailey 1997)

The big questions that remains is of course: why sails? what were they good for? The most common answer you get is either display or thermoregulation.

The sails being a display structure is a very intuitive answer. If you‘re carrying around a giant billboard-like structure on your back, it would only make sense to advertise something on it. You could use it to impress the opposite sex with fancy colors, intimidate rivals because it makes yourself look a lot bigger or signal to other animals that you are the same/a different species.

One thing that I always think about, but never see mentioned, especially in the case of the herbivorous sailed animals, is mimicry. Edaphosaurus and Dimetrodon lived at the same time, so could it not be, that Edaphosaurus had sails to make themselves look like big scary Dimetrodons to keep other predators away? Similar to how we have many harmless insects pretending to be wasps today? It would of course not explain why Dimetrodon had a sail, but it could give the herbivores a reason to have one.

The other big reason for sails is thermoregulation. Especially cold-blooded animals could have used their sails like solar panels, pointing them towards the sun and collecting heat (Bramwell & Fellgett, 1973). Alternatively, the sails could have been used to cool the animal down by positioning them in the direction of winds (Bennett, 1996).

The only problem with thermoregulation is, that its viability depends on whether the animals in question were endothermic or ectothermic (warm- or cold-blooded). And for pretty much all the sailed animals this is a heated (pun intended) debate.

(Airflow around an Edaphosaurus, Benett 1996; Can I just point out that this graph, as well as the chonky Spinosaurus were part of actual peer reviewed publications? I do chemistry irl and I‘m a bit jealous that in the papers I write I never get the chance to draw dorky looking synapsids)

Now that we‘ve discussed the reasonable well accepted explanations for sails, let‘s get into some more outlandish ones. Maybe Dimetrodon used its sail to „camouflage among reeds while [it] waited for prey, or as an actual boat-like sail to catch the wind while the animal was in the water“, as stated in multiple papers. I tried to hunt down the original source for this, but the idea comes from a Book by Romer and Price from 1940, and unfortunately I don‘t have access to it. Honestly, I would love to know if they had any actual reasoning for it or if they were just throwing ideas around, because the image of a Dimetrodon floating around on the surface of the water and getting pushed around by winds sounds ridiculous. Similarly, having a giant structure on your back, just so you can camouflage it to look like the background seems like a lot of unnecessary effort. Surely you could just not have the giant structure and it would have the same effect.

For Spinosaurus, there is the idea that they might have used their sails to shade the water while hunting, like a heron bird. I had never heard that before, but I find it a bit strange. Wouldn‘t that mean, that they had to catch fish at a weird angle towards their side? Seems uncomfortable. Of course there are also many ideas that the sails might have helped with swimming or whatever, but I don‘t want to get into the Is-Spinosaurus-aquatic-debate. I‘m pretty sure most of the papers about it would be outdated anyways and the ones that aren‘t will be in approximately 20 minutes.

For the sauropods, the “long-necks“, like Amargasaurus, even less is clear: It is even debated whether the spines on their necks formed sails or horns. If they had horns those might have been a defense structure or just for display. If they had sails - well, then it‘s the same questions as for all the other weirdos.

So yeah, overall, sailed animals were pretty weird, and there is still a lot to learn.

Also “sail“ doesn‘t sound like a word anymore.

#paleontology #infodump #spinosaurus #dimetrodon

[faetaiity]

I fricking love your dark au just hooked me like a fish out of the water. And it's got me thinking how would all the dark Bois react if say reader was dino mutant ? Like since In the show a garden guy touched a plant and got mutated would that mean maybe touching ancient fossils do the same ? Can be any dino you want :). Ps wishing you nothing but good days and vibes remember to take breaks ,eat and drink water also sleep! Don't pull a Donnie

Okay! So, I made the reader a Siamosaurus which is this (yeah, it's related to the Spinosaurus)! you don't have to keep the colors, make them whatever u want!!!

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Similar to the Bat reader who is endangered, a Dinosaur reader would get Draxum's attention, except intensified 200x

Now, you’re a lot more dangerous than other mutants, Draxum realizes this.

Sending all four turtles probably wouldn’t be too effective, so he hired five foot clan members to help the turtles

When the turtles find you, they hesitate for a minute

YOU. ARE. MASSIVE.

You’re at least 7 ft tall, 8-inch talons, large, serrated teeth that look like they would make quick work of cracking a turtle's shell

The turtles and foot clan warriors attacked you quickly, they weren’t fools, having all of them attack you unsuspecting would definitely work in their favor.

However, what they didn’t expect is for you to bolt to the river and hide in it

Even if turtles are decent swimmers, they would be out of their element by whole-ass MAGNITUDES.

The minute a foot clan wades in the water is when you strike, similar to an Alligator or Crocodile, you crush them between your jaws and drag them deeper into the water, the only remains that there ever was a foot clan member was blood tainting the water red

Everyone hesitates, none of them want to go into the water, it was a death sentence, they weren’t the sharpest other than Donnie, but they weren’t stupid either

Donnie switches through his Bo staff, turning into a tranquilizer gun, however, he doesn’t have bait

Looking over at the foot clan members, he makes an executive decision, grabbing one of them and tossing them into the river, causing you to strike at them

Donnie takes aim and shoots you with the tranq dart, causing you to thrash wildly

Donnie signaled Raph to muzzle you with rope, which he quickly did, struggling a bit due to your thrashing

You ended up succumbing to the Tranquilizer a few seconds later, passing out

Waking up later was wild, there was this giant goat bastard who looks like he was trying to badly cosplay as Baphomet.

Growling at him, you flared the feathers on your head, trying to get up but feeling resistance, your neck, muzzle, and tail were secured with metal restraints

He seemed to scoff, the two gargoyles on his shoulders seemed to stare at you in disbelief.

“You are an odd specimen, I knew the Mutagen would mutate people into plants, but never extinct creatures!” you snarled at his words, thinking about all the ways you would mutilate and dismember this fucker

He walked around you before stopping, you glared at him, before he jabbed you with a syringe, you started thrashing, attempting to get out of the restraints, even if it was just your tail that was freed, you would see it as a win

Luckily your legs and arms weren’t restrained, so you forced yourself up, causing your neck restraint to creak before it broke off at the bolts, Draxum stepped back in shock, marveling at your strength

You were able to slip your muzzle restraint off, due to it not being tight, allowing you to open your mouth a bit, the only thing that made it so you couldn’t slip out of the muzzle and thrash your head around was the neck restraint, you snapped over to your tail restraint and bit it off

Getting up, you eyed Draxum up and down, He, seeming to understand the dire situation that was unfolding, started summoning those weird pink vines to capture you again, you were quicker though, bolting off and running out of his lair

Running right back into those four turtles.

They looked at you for a second, as if trying to verify that you were real and snapped into an attack position

You snarled at them, looking at your options, you were surrounded by two sides, however, the water around Draxum’s lair seemed to be a decent way out, you breathed in deeply and jumped into the deep water, swimming down into the watery abyss, the water was warm, but not boiling.

Draxum, Leo, Donnie, Mikey, and Raph looked into the water before Donnie made his usual smartass comment

“I am NOT going into the water to get that thing back” Draxum nodded, he was told about how deadly you were in the water, how you singlehandedly took out two high rank foot clan members before Donnie subdued you.

“Find him later, then” Draxum replied bluntly, before walking back into his Laboratory ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Not my finest work but I tried ;v;

#rottmnt x reader #rottmnt #rottmnt headcanons #Dark! ROTTMNT AU #Fae Being a Dumbass #Chaotic Goblin Fae #donatello #raphael #michelangelo #leonardo #baron draxum #the foot clan

[theriancultureis]

spinosaurus therian culture is vehemently REFUSING to try and eat squid or octopus but being completely fine with a lot of other seafoods.

(i refuse to eat any cephalopods in general because. Too intelligent for my own comfort and they’re just silly guys)

.

#therian culture is #therian culture #therianthropy #otherkin #therian #alterhuman #theriotype #theriantype #garagegalaxy

[evolutionsvoid]

Decades of paleontology, and yet no one has stopped to think of the obvious question. So many dig sites, so many supposed "finds," but they ignore what is right in front of them. They pull them from the ground, clean them, arrange them and then show them off to adoring crowds with grand applause, and still no one looks at it all and asks "why?" Well, we know why. Just try to ask one of them. Just try to stand up during a presentation and voice this legitimate question, see what happens. Denial, ridicule, outrageous claims and excuses! They look away from you like they can't stomach your presence, or cannot handle what they know to be true. They have you dragged out of symposiums, forcing the label of "lunatic" and "absolute nut bag" onto you for merely asking for an answer. They don't ask the question because they know the answer and it scares them. An answer that would bring everything we knew about prehistory crumbling down, invalidating decades of supposed "research" and "legitimate grants." But there are those not scared to face the truth, to finally pull back the veil and show the world what should be known. Those who stand before the fools and cowards to finally ask everyone who can hear: "Why do we only find dinosaur bones?" Where is the skin, the muscle, the organs? Millions of years and millions of dinosaurs and yet we cannot find a single heart or piece of hide? Just perfectly preserved bones?! Each time?! Every time?! Nothing but bones?! Of course, they call it a coincidence, and rail off a whole list of excuses. Time, decay and what not, while refusing to note their perfectly preserved state! All these bones, gathered in one perfect place? You dig up a T-Rex and all its bones are just there? That easily? All "bundled" together, would you say? All them clean and intact, as if almost "licked clean," hm? Now what process could do that? What could trap a whole dinosaur in one place then remove all the flesh, skin and organs from its body, while keeping the skeleton so perfectly intact? IT'S SPIDERS! SPIDERS I TELL YOU! GIANT PREHISTORIC SPIDERS STEALING AWAY DINOS AND SUCKING THEM DRY! DRY! THOSE BONES ARE WHAT REMAINS! THEY'RE THEIR MEALS! THE DINOSAURS WERE WIPED OUT FROM INSECTILE MIMICS AND THEY DON'T WANT YOU TO KNOW- GET OFF OF ME! THEY DON'T WANT THE WORLD TO KNOW! HEY PUT THAT DOWN! THAT'S MY LIFE'S WORK! UNHAND ME THIS INSTANT! THE BONES ARE A WARNING! A WARNING I TELL YOU! THERE WAS NO ASTEROID, NO EXTINCTION! LET GO OF ME! THEY NEVER DIED OFF! I SAID LET GO OF ME! THE SPIDERS ARE STILL ALIVE, THEY'RE STILL HERE! THEY WALKING AMONG US NOW! OUCH! IT'S A COVER UP! HEY! I BETTER GET A REFUND FOR MY TICKET FOR THIS INSOLENCE! AND I BETTER GET THE FREE TOTE BAG TOO!   ---------------------------------------------------

“Spidosaurus”

It is honestly nutty how long people have been stumbling with this whole "spinosaurus" thing. Every day they be coming in here being like "no wait it looked like this!" and "hold on, it eats food like that!" On and on it goes! How foolish! You would think they would see the truth right in front of them, but no! I guess I have to do everything around here! Just had to take one look at it and it all came together! BAM! Just like that! With my masterwork complete, I can just lean back and wait to be showered in praise by the paleo people! "Sweet Sarcosuchus! They've cracked the code!" They shall say! "What a bunch of Stego Butt Brains we've been! The truth is so clear!" They shall lament! All while I sit back and enjoy my awards and billion dollar check. Golly, what a day!  

Oh wait, ain't a spidersman thingy come out recently?! So spider-sonas are a thing?! Oooo I pick this one! I pick this one! Yeah, totally meant for that to happen!

#spinosaurus #spider #arachnid #monster #creature #art #drawing

[saritawolff]

#Archovember Day 29 - Araripesuchus rattoides

After visiting the Early Cretaceous Nigerien Araripesuchus wegeneri, the “Dog Croc”, we now head forward in time and Northwest to Late Cretaceous Morocco. Araripesuchus rattoides is only known from a lower jawbone, but it is a very unique jawbone for a crocodyliform. A. rattoides’ two bottom front teeth were incisiform, jutting forward like a rodent’s, earning it the common name “Rat Croc”. Not much else is known about A. rattoides, but it was probably like other Araripesuchus species (and rats) in that it was a generalist omnivore, eating both plants and small animals like grubs, and was more active on land than in the water. Both A. rattoides and A. wegeneri were published in the same paper as Kaprosuchus, Laganosuchus, and Anatosuchus, whose authors popularized their common names as “Rat Croc, Dog Croc, Boar Croc, Pancake Croc, and Duck Croc”, respectively.

Araripesuchus rattoides was found in the Douira Formation in the Kem Kem Beds of the Sahara. It would have lived alongside much larger pseudosuchians like the aquatic Elosuchus and the terrestrial Hamadasuchus. It was probably small enough to avoid being targeted by large predators such as Carcharodontosaurus and Spinosaurus, but it would have still had to watch out for younger ones eager for a rat croc snack.

#my art #SaritaDrawsPalaeo #Araripesuchus rattoides #Araripesuchus #notosuchians #pseudosuchians #archosaurs #archosauromorphs #reptiles #Archovember #archovember2023

[starscatteredsky]

maybe some tips for a spinosauruskin

spinosaurus tips!

get a dinomask to paint or commission!

learn everything you can about dinosaurs! read books, watch documentaries, read articles, etc

watch videos of how we think spinosauruses moved, and try out quadorobics looking like that!

try out some vocals! make sure you warm up correctly are are careful with your voice!

do your nails like claws

make a sail/spine, or wear something on your back (like a backpack) to feel like the weight of it!

eat things like jerky to satisfy that prey eating craving, or use tomato jerky for vegetarian spinosauruses!

eat lots of fish or fishy snacks like goldfish crackers!

have fun in or around water!

make/get your big, paddle shaped tail!

enjoy and good luck!! -🩸

Requests open!!!

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a DNI banner with the background being the promotional image for Little Nightmares 2. The writing reads:

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Before you interact: We are pro mspec gays/lesbians, anti endo/tulpa "systems", enjoy MCYT/DSMP, pro self diagnoses with extensive research, multiple alters are punks/ anarchists"

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#mod🩸 #alterhuman #otherhearted #otherkin #otherkin community #otherkinity #nonhuman #alterhuman community #otherfolk #nonhuman alter #non human #dinosaur therian #dinosaurkin #dinokin #spinosauruskin #spinosaurus therian #therian #therianthropy #therianthrope #reptilekin #reptile therian #voidpunk #otherfolkkin #other folk #alterbeing