A symbiotic creature lived and haunted and area similar to the Upside Down in Stranger Things. A crew and I worked to find it, and dispose of it, which resulted in me being the only survivor.
I hate when lichens look so soft and so squishable but actually are not. Doesn't L. hypothallina look so marshmallowy??? Well it's not. This crustose lichen has a variable thallus that can be thin and dissolving or thick and wart-like. It is typically white to gray in color, covered in a thick layer of chalky pruina and surrounded in a dark brown prothallus ring. Its apothecia also vary in shape and can appear round, lirellate (long and script-like), or substellate (almost star-shaped), and are typically black but appear blue-gray due to a thick layer of pruina covering their surface. L. hypothallina can only be found in western North America, where it inhabits shaded and sheltered volcanic and calcareous rock. And on second thought, I am glad that it isn't marshmallowy because than it probably wouldn't last as long, and the longer L. hypothallina can stick around the better.
The Glorious Complexity and Mysteries of Galls, Wasps, Ants, and Aphids
Plant galls are structures of plant tissue that grow in response to the actions of arthropods, bacteria or fungi. These living things hijack the plant and "make" it grow something they find useful.
An "oak apple" type gall created by a parasitic wasp by laying an egg in the leaf as it was growing.
The shapes and structures of galls vary wildly, and often have no obvious correspondence to any of the other parts of the plant. (If you you have a strong trypophobia response be careful googling images of galls some make my crawl, others are etherial)
Some galls seem to be optimized to foil parasitoids who try to lay their eggs inside the pupae of other insects. A wasp would need a very long ovipositor to get to this larva suspended in the center! Somehow the wasp egg induces the tree to grow this complex structure! Amazing!
Although ants are closely related to wasps who play a large roll in the formation of plant galls, ants are *normally* only secondary fauna of galls and not gallmakers.
This is surprising to me since so many plants roll out a welcome mat for ants: extrafloral nectaries as cafeterias, hollow stems& thorns as dormitories. A resident colony of ants can be a plants personal private security detail.
For all the many symbiotic parings of ants and plants there are only a few ants that induce their own galls. As secondary fauna of galls (often created by their creepy cousins, the parasitoid wasps) ants may also act as pest control.
This raises the question: Could plants "allow" gall wasps to make these otherwise energy intensive and potentially harmful structures in hopes of attracting ants as secondary guests? It's a complex web of ecological relationships! Read more here.
Another potential player in this story of galls and wasps and ants are aphids. Aphids are the other main insect that can induce galls. The aphids live in these galls for generations (they don't live long so this is only several months) Of course, ants are famous farmers of aphids.
(Some gallmaking wasps get attacked by hyper parasitoid wasps who only lay their eggs in other gall wasps galls. To prevent this some gallmakers make the galls attractive to ants... who can deter the invaders.)
Human who unwittingly built/moved into a house on a sleeping earth giant, and when the giant eventually wakes up the human literally can't afford to leave.
The giant is friendly and fine with this weird sort of symbiotic relationship, so they agree to figure it out.
Like sometimes your whole house goes sideways or upside down, and theres this continuous underlying shaking of the giants breath. But with time all of it becomes mundane as living.