No one epitomized the swing era like Glenn Miller. His run was short, lasting only from 1939 till the outbreak of World War II, but during those years he was easily the most popular dance orchestra in the country, scoring an unbelievable 31 top hits in 1940 alone. Although the public loved the Miller sound, jazz fans and musicians were far less kind. Fellow band leader Artie Shaw called his music "ground out, like so many sausages" and once quipped "Glenn shouldn't have died, but "Chattanooga Choo Choo" should have." Miller came to the band business as a leader after working as a session musician, then as an arranger for the Dorsey Brothers. At first his band struggled, but a contract with Bluebird in 1939 opened new doors, as did a new style. Glenn used a clarinet lead in his orchestra, with saxophones playing an octave below. This gave his band a unique, instantly recognizable sound. A gig at the Glen Island Casino boosted his popularity......his theme "Moonlight Serenade" became one of the era's iconic performances. Miller worked his band relentlessly, favoring a well rehearsed, highly disciplined unit. This caused consternation among jazz aficionados, who felt his lack of improvisation proved his band was not a jazz group. While that may have been true, his swing hits were numerous, and the solos, while never spontaneous, were often exciting. "In The Mood" is often used today when someone wants to evoke nostalgia for the Swing Era.
At the end of the day, Miller simply found a way to merge swing and commercial pop into a unique blend that hit just the right chord with the public. People who liked hot or sweet music found something in Glenn's band that they liked, giving him almost universal acceptance. Many of his recordings helped define the music of his day: "Elmer's Tune", "Jukebox Saturday Night", "A String of Pearls", "Moonlight Cocktail", "Don't Sit Under the Apple Tree", "American Patrol" and "Pennsylvania 6-5000" were all huge hits, and remained popular among fans for years to come. Glenn joined the service during the war, leading a well trained group for the Army Air Force. During the war, his string of hits reminded the soldiers of happier times, which only solidified his stature with the public. In June 1940, a transport plane he was riding in disappeared over the English Channel, making Major Glenn Miller a casualty of the war effort. All of this made his image become almost religious in nature, as the public saw him as much as an emblem of America as they did a bandleader. As jazz moved on into bop, and singers replaced bands as the nation's musical stars, Glenn Miller and his Orchestra became something of symbol of a lost and romanticized time, lifting his to a status that was even greater than the one he achieved in life. His merits as a jazz era musician or leader may still be questioned, but his place among the 20th century's most loved figures remains secure It's simply impossible to imagine the big band era ,or American music in general, without him.
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