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xtruss · 4 years

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Rise in Anti-Muslims Hate Crimes As Islam Wrongly Blamed For Coronavirus

Many Muslims in fear things could get worse in the run-up to Ramadan, as far-right groups in the U.K. are accused of exploiting the pandemic online to support their ideology.

— By Basit Mahmood | 4/18/20 | Newsweek

There has been a rise in online anti-Muslim hate crimes during the coronavirus pandemic and many Muslims are fearful things could get worse in the run-up to Ramadan, an independent monitoring group has said.

It comes as counter-terror police say they are working closely with police forces from across the country to investigate far-right groups who are "exploiting the pandemic" to gain "support for their ideology", with conspiracy theories circulating online about mosques being open despite the lockdown and claims Muslims will be breaking the lockdown during Ramadan.

Iman Atta, the director of Tell Mama, which measures anti-Muslim hate crimes across the U.K., told Newsweek that her organization had noticed a "rise in online anti-Muslim hate incidents" during the coronavirus pandemic.

She said: "Muslims are being linked to the virus as though they are maliciously spreading it or doing it because they are not listening to the government and congregating en masse.

"This is just patently false and a ruse by far-right and anti-Muslim bigots to once again inflame tensions and hatred towards British Muslims."

Iman said that a number of false narratives had been spread online about Muslims flouting lockdown rules including the claim that "Muslims were congregating outside mosques and thereby spreading coronavirus".

A number of posts on Twitter claim mosques are still open during the lockdown or have circulated old videos of Muslims praying to show they are breaking lockdown rules.

"Mosques are likely to remain closed," Muslim Council of Britain (MCB) spokesperson Miqdaad Versi has said.

"Most closed before the government asked them to and not a single mosque is known to still be open."

Other narratives included blaming Muslims ahead of Ramadan for arranging family meetups which could help spread the virus.

Iman said: "There is this constant promotion of Muslims being 'virus spreaders' and thereby a threat within."

The video shown above has been used to say those attending prayer were breaching social distancing guidelines.

Newsweek has found the same video posted as early as March 3, well before social distancing guidelines were in place.

Ahead of Ramadan, Iman expressed her fears that further claims about Muslims would continue to spread.

She said: "We are concerned that these narratives will be used to catch those who are unaware that they are false stories and turn anger towards British Muslims.

"All of us are scared and worried at this time, and this emotion can be turned to anger pretty quickly if people believe that others are not listening and doing things that can supposedly spread the virus.

"The sad reality is that many people do not fact check such stories if they see them online."

With Ramadam approaching the U.K. on April 21, further misinformation is expected by authorities.

A spokesperson for counter-terror (CT) police said: "Terrorists and radicalizers will always look for opportunities to exploit in support of their ideology, and COVID-19 is no exception.

"We have seen reports of fake videos and information being shared by right-wing extremists which can instill fear and hate amongst our communities.

"[We] investigate material that breaches U.K. Terrorism Laws and where possible, seek the removal of the content by working with the relevant internet hosting company.

Muslim groups are calling on social media companies to clamp down on the spread of fake news during the coronavirus pandemic.

"CT Policing continues to urge the public to act as counter-terrorism citizens. If you see or hear something suspicious, trust your instincts and ACT. For information and advice, head to www.gov.uk/ACT. Your actions could save lives."

Meanwhile, the Muslim Council of Britain called on the government and media commentators to "actively dismiss dangerous conspiracy theories that only seek to dismantle community cohesion."

Secretary-General of the MCB Harun Khan said: "In the U.K., Muslims have been accused of flouting the rules and continuing to pray in mosques, despite the majority of mosques suspending all activities a week before the government's recommendation and ahead of other faith communities.

"In India, where violence against Muslims was already rampant, we have seen conspiracy theories blaming Muslims for the epidemic followed up by yet more attacks on Muslims.

"As we approach Ramadan, we have seen the mainstreaming of accusations of Muslims preparing to break the law, despite there being no evidence to suggest this, and even evidence on the contrary: a number of polls show that Muslims are more law-abiding than the general population."

Harun added that the rise in Islamophobia during the coronavirus pandemic "whitewashes over all of the incredible work being done by Muslims and Muslim communities" including "doctors and nurses on the frontline, key transport and delivery workers, and volunteers helping the vulnerable."

The government is keen to call for calm in these unprecedented times:

"This Government has a zero tolerance for the fake news that seeks to blame the British Muslim community for the spread of the COVID-19 virus," Conservative Communities Minister Stephen Greenhalgh told Newsweek.

"Deliberately spreading false information in order to undermine our respect and tolerance for each other is disgraceful and goes against all we stand for.

"I would like to thank Tell MAMA for the fantastic work they are doing to counter this fake and misleading online content."

The ruling Conservatives have been accused of Islamophobia and Prime Minister Boris Johnson promised to launch an inquiry into all forms of discrimination before the end of 2019. The scope of that inquiry has not yet been published.

Social media companies are keen to stress that they are working on taking posts down that are in breach of their guidelines.

A spokesperson for Twitter said: "We are committed to protect and serve the public conversation as we navigate this unprecedented global public healthcare crisis. We do not tolerate the abuse or harassment of people on the basis of religion.

"We take down content that is in violation of our Twitter Rules including dehumanizing language and we have expanded our safety rules around COVID-19.

"We have also increased our use of machine learning and automation to take a wide range of actions on potentially abusive and manipulative content."

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loyallogic · 4 years

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Global corruption and its impact in relation to international human right laws

This article is written by Siddharth Addy, Aryaknath Bhattacharya and Sourav Mandal from Amity Law School, Kolkata.

Abstract

Corruption exists in all countries irrespective of Socio–Political Development and Economic enhancement; there exists a clear nexus between Global Corruption and Violation of Human Rights. Corruption compromise states Obligation towards promoting, respecting and protecting human rights of individual within their jurisdiction. Increasing corruption at a global level is attracting great Prominence by the Human Right Council. The council has given several recommendations to suppress the corruption; it’s a transitional phenomenon which requires International Cooperation.

Human Right Laws shall be enforced effectively to reduce the ever evolving nexus between Human rights and Global Corruption and to promote social welfare maximization; and for the same the States shall be made accountable to counter the corruption and the case related to Corruption shall be given high level of prominence and shall take preventive measures to reduce the same thereof. Moreover raising awareness and creating concern among the mass would create a disincentive effect.

Introduction

The advent of illicit acts such as bribery, theft, money laundering and so on had crept into the minds of incompetent individuals which gave birth to CORRUPTION. This act of corruption has surfaced into the global market and has massacred the economies of various countries as well as their police protection systems and judicial systems. Corruption has violated the basic human rights by ripping individuals of their fair opportunity of trials before the judiciary system of the individual nations. Corrupt practices, without any doubt, has funded terrorism either by money laundering thereby threatening the economy of the nation as well. In September 11, 2001, International Monetary Fund experiences a catastrophe which made them initiate and intensify the Anti Monetary Laundering Activities and forced the officials in the International Monetary Fund to combat the immediate crisis various such countries which may have had involvement in abetting terrorism. This led to the birth of the Financial Action Task Force at the G7 summit in Paris, 1989. The Financial Action Task Force had suspected that the middle east was abetting in the Yemen crisis, for which global trades were monitored by the IMF since 2010 to 2014, during which many donations to charities were blocked, for example; Ummah Welfare trust which had its operations at the Gaza Strip were found to be laundering money to fund the terrorists. Thus, people even with a clear police reports were not allowed to setup any charity in Somalia or Yemen or Syria. Thus, this clearly depicts as to how can illicit practices lead to corruption in individual nations which makes the Global trades a threat to such acts of corruption and thereby creates chaos and benefits terrorism which is the ultimate threat to Human Rights and Human Safety.

What is Global Corruption?

The word corruption in general means, any form of dishonesty or criminal activity involving fraud (defined u/s 25 of the Indian Penal Code), which is undertaken by a person or an organization holding any office of authority, per say the government officials and so on, often to acquire illicit benefits, or abuse of such powers for a private gain. Thus, when the same illicit activities surface over the whole world creating a ruckus, chaos and even terrorism or something more dangerous like nuclear warfare among the nations.

Corruptions has many faces through which circulates among the masses, organizations, etc. like nepotism, bribery, money laundering, inflation and so on. Thus, a corruption on a such a massive scale would mean ultimate sacrifice to humanitarianism. The recent humanitarian crisis has now crippled the Western part of the globe by infesting it with more than necessaryamount of refugees and migrants. One of the several countries, Venezuela,once the richest countries in South America has been scurrying towards economic, social and institutional subside, spurring a territorial humanitarian crisis and mass migration and there have been various estimates made by the UN that by the end of 2020 there will be 8 million Venezuelan refugees and illegal immigrants making it the largest refugee crisis in the world. The reason behind this crisis is the hyperinflation that is pinning down the economic development as there fails to exist a stable government.

The government headed through Nicolás Maduro, who has presided over Venezuela since 2013, declared a nation of emergency in 2016. That year the inflation charge hit 800%. Since then there has hardly been any improvement, rather things have gone haywire since then. By 2018 inflation become an expected 80,000%. It’s difficult to say what the rate is now, but Bloomberg’s Venezuelan Cafe Con Leche Index, based on the rate of a cup of espresso, shows it is now about 380,000%.

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Here are some forms of corruption which affect the Human Rights the most and they are:

Police corruption- Police corruption is the abuse of police authority for individual gain. Models incorporate coercion (for instance, demanding cash for not imposing a traffic tickets) and bribery (for instance, accepting cash in return for not authorizing the law).

The expenses of police corruption Police corruption conveys significant expenses. Initial, a degenerate demonstration is a wrongdoing. Second, police corruption brings down the uprightness of the police and stains the open picture of law enforcement. Third, corruption ensures other crime, for example, sedate managing and prostitution. Secured crimes are regularly rewarding wellsprings of pay for sorted out wrongdoing.

Judicial corruption- Judicial corruption is a kind of corruption which is found throughout the world. The word corruption is universal and corruption is found in all states, weather it is an developed of developing nation, the degree of corruption may vary from country to country, but corruption is found throughout.

The vast majority of people related to the legal fraternity are honest and hardworking but it is very unfortunate that few people are inappropriately influenced to make their judgement.

Judicial independence is recognized as a universal human right.

Right to fair trial- Article 6 states the right to free trial. Fair trials are the best way to avoid miscarriage of justice and are a fundamental piece of an equitable society. Each individual blamed for a wrongdoing ought to have their blame or guiltlessness controlled by a fair and powerful lawful procedure. In any case, its not just about securing suspects and respondents. It additionally makes social orders more secure and more grounded. Without fair trials, exploited people can have no certainty that justice will be finished. Without fair trials, trust in government and the standard of law breakdown.

The right to a fair trial isn’t new; it has for quite some time been perceived by the universal network as a fundamental human right. Regardless of this current, it’s a right that is being mishandled in nations over the globe with decimating human and social results.

Political corruption- Political corruption implies the maltreatment of political influence by the administration heads to extricate and collect for private enhancement, and to utilize politically degenerate intends to keep up their hang on control. Notwithstanding, maltreatment of political power for different purposes, for example, suppression of political adversaries and general police fierceness, isn’t viewed as political corruption. Political corruption happens at the most significant levels of the political framework, and consequently it very well may be separated from authoritative or bureaucratic corruption. It can likewise be recognized from business and private area corruption.

Political corruption can be of two forms. The first is which incorporates both collection and extraction and where government authorities use and misuse their hang on capacity to remove from the private division, from government incomes, and from the economy on the loose. A portion of the instances of the previously mentioned type of corruption are extraction, theft, lease chasing, loot and even kleptocracy (“rule by thieves”).

The second type of political corruption is one in which removed assets (and public money) are utilized for influence conservation and influence expansion purposes. This generally appears as bias and support governmental issues. It incorporates a favoritism and politically propelled dispersion of budgetary and material incitements, advantages, focal points, and jewels.

In politics, corruption undermines vote based system and great governance by mocking or in any event, subverting formal procedures. Corruption in elections and in the legislature diminishes responsibility and mutilates portrayal in policy making; corruption in the legal executive trade off the rule of law.

Statement of Problem

Corruption leads to deterioration of standard of living, fall in the economy. Chaotic situations have surfaced throughout the nations, unstable decision-making systems, i.e the governments are facing difficulties coping with the same. There are various circumstances where the not only the political parties but also the judiciaries, police and such systems of protection of the human rights and its betterment are falling apart due to various corrupt or mal practices. The recent media sources suggest that there have been various intrusions by terrorist attacks and nuclear warfare and riots causing unruliness in the society.

Remedies

It’s not an easy task to fight corruption in a global level. Though through effective administration and by creating awareness among the mass and compensating the indiviall, whose Human rights have been violated therein. We have tried to lay down certain remedies to tackle the corruption at a global level.

Law Enforcement is a Sine Quo Non to ensure corrupt are being punished and to break the vicious cycle of immunity from punishment. Strong legal enforcement must be backed by strong legal Framework.

Focusing on the reforms by improving the financial management thereby achieving growth impact on P.S.U (public sector undertaking) leading to reforms in curbing corruption.

Implement awareness programs to create awareness and develop a strategy to fight corruption.

We have to put a check on the abuse of public power for private gain to curb Corruption at a global level. Awareness, promotion and promulgating anti-corruption policies and practices have not been implemented in a uniform manner throughout the globe.

In countries like India there exists a high degree of disparity in income therefore “rich becomes richer and poor becomes poorer” the major reason behind this is the increasing levels of corruption. In order to stop it the government shall impose tax on the luxuries goods and provide subsidies to the poor the thinner the line of income inequality between rich and poor.

The corruption also lies in the international judicial framework where many cases relating to corruption goes unheard therein we shall put a check on the anti corruption level.

Focus on what works: demonstrate the effect of anti-corruption efforts, provide incentives for private sector, public sector, and multilateral organizations (including donor agencies) to proactively integrate anti corruption efforts into their work, and focus on both the demand and supply side.

Learn more about the opportunities and limitations of transparency and accountability efforts for combating corruption, learning from the experience of accountability mechanisms for human rights violations.

The United Nations Human Right Convention plays a key role in monitoring the Global Corruption; the Convention highly raises its concern about the ever growing corruption which has become an epidemic therein for the betterment of the society at large it’s High time to strengthen the framework and adopt necessary remedies to curb out Global Terrorism from its root.

Violation of Human Rights Laws

After almost seventy years of the incorporation of the Human Rights in 1948, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights is still a dream. The violation of human rights is in every part of the world. According to Amnesty International’s 2009 World Report the violation of Human rights violations are as follows:

In 81 countries there is torture and abuse.

Unfair trials in minimum of 54 countries.

The freedom of expression is restricted in at least in 80 countries.

The plague of Violation of Human Rights has been intact since the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. In particular women and children suffer the most. The press in not free in most of the nations, a free thinker is always suppressed.

The United Nation, Universal Declaration of Human Rights on 10 December 1948 has 30 Articles.

There are mainly 6 articles among the 30 articles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights which are violated widely throughout the world. They are:

Article 3– The Right to live free (Right to Life)

Everyone has the right to life, security and liberty of their own.

How the article is violated- An estimate of approx. 600000 people are killed every year due to some armed conflicts, wrong administration, poverty and wrong doing like drug addition and prostitution.

The above situations says that Article 3 is some how compromised in today’s world.

Article 4– No Slavery (Freedom from slavery)

No one can be named slave or servitude cannot be imposed, slave trade is prohibited.

How the article is violated- Throughout the world as estimated by the US State Department there are 600000 to 820000 men, women and children who are trafficked across the international border and made slaves. They force them to serve as a soldier to them or sexual slaves or unpaid jobs for the kids. The majority of this slavery originate from Africa, Asia and Latin America.

Article 5- No Torture (Freedom from Torture)

No one should be tortured or has to face cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.

How the article is violated- The CIA of the US under President George W. Bush detent many people under the suspicion of terror and showed cruelty to them. Darfur & India has the cruelty of rape to a extreme level.

The problem is faced in Congo and Arab countries as well.

Article 13- Freedom to move.

Everyone has the right to stay wherever they want in their country and they can leave the country as well.

How the article is violated- The African countries and some of the Asian countries and some of the European countries and the US is against accepting refugees. This countries refuse to open their borders and give asylum to the asylum seekers. Many of this countries violate the International Refugee Law. This violation ends up the refugees without water, food and medicines, amounting to their death. Which is again the violation of Article 3.

People remain displaced due to this violation.

Article 18- Freedom of thought.

Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, religion, perception, this also means they can change his or her religion, practice, observe and worship any belief of his or her choice.

How the article is violated- In today’s world this freedom is more or less not there in real life. Media is not free, religion is used as the base of terrorism and execution. Lack of awareness has resulted in the violation of this article.

Article 19- Freedom of expression.

Everyone has the right to express whatever he or she feels through any form of media regardless of the borders.

How the article is violated- In countries like Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Saudi Arabia, North Korea and many more countries the media is most corrupt and anyone who tries to go against the Government of the county are silenced either by dead penalty(directly or indirectly) or imprisonment. We can see the corrupt and biased media in India also.

This violation results in formation of dictatorship as the people cannot speak up.

To conclude violation of Human Rights Law it can be said:

Human rights exist, as epitomized in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the whole assemblage of global human rights law. They are perceived—in any event on a basic level—by most countries and structure the core of numerous national constitutions. However the real circumstance on the planet is far removed from the standards imagined in the Declaration.

Conclusion

Human Rights are moral principles or norms which codifies certain standards of living and human behavior. Humans are protected by the local and international laws.

Global corruption is the measure of the dishonesty and fraud in the world.

If all the nations of the world especially the UN member follows the UN Declaration Human Rights 1948, there will be a stable condition to follow the standards of the UN.

The conclusion which we derive from the research are as follows:

Countries with low income rate, i.e. the developing nations or underdeveloped countries are frequently prone to corrupt or malpractices as every individual deserves at least the basic standard of living to fulfill their basic needs and necessities, thus when these basic requirements are denied, they tend to follow the path of illicit acts like theft, murder and so on. Hence, initiatives must be inducted by the government for the better standard of living for the individuals in it.

Countries with partially closed economy’s tend to be corrupt as there is only one head.

Countries with low media freedom encouraging bribery.

Countries with low rate of educated people tend to give and receive bribe as they are unaware of the policies and wants there work to get done anyhow.

This concept of bribery and corruption is one of the major factum which causes the violation of Human Rights.

Now the question arises how do we remove corruption and let all the 30 Human Rights prevail?

The answer is simple we can remove poverty and Violation of the rights by educating people, creating jobs and creating the awareness about the rights of the people.

The help of the global media will be required to aware people worldwide, if government is one-sided, degenerate and supports just the noble, it can demonstrate to be extremely hazardous for the smooth working of democracy.

To conclude; there is actually a lot of things which can be done to bring the global crisis of rights to a stable condition, many leaders and countries have looked into the matter seriously. There is a slow development but the speed of the development is increasing.

Lastly the global corruption and violation of human rights will only end when we stand for ourselves instead of depending on the government alone.

Students of Lawsikho courses regularly produce writing assignments and work on practical exercises as a part of their coursework and develop themselves in real-life practical skill.

LawSikho has created a telegram group for exchanging legal knowledge, referrals and various opportunities. You can click on this link and join:

https://t.me/joinchat/J_0YrBa4IBSHdpuTfQO_sA

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illionoisprelawland-blog · 3 years

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Mask-Wide Confusion

By Autumngrace Page, Wheaton College, Class of 2022

June 7, 2021

The pandemic has been a constant cycle of what-to-do and what-not-to-do. In the early stages of the pandemic, many people were unsure of whether they felt comfortable venturing out with new mask mandates assigned on a state-by-state basis. Now, as the light seems like it may be at the end of the tunnel, people are unsure of how best to proceed. The pandemic, culminated by a turbulent year of politics, has presented a high level of distrust towards individuals. The issue of trusting those who have been vaccinated is no exception (New York Times).

As the start of the pandemic represented, the likelihood of people placing themselves above the concern of others is somewhat high. Many would walk into stores or other institutions of business, asserting to anyone that confronted them that wearing a mask is against their constitutional rights (Columbia Law School). In reality, wearing a mask “keeps our rights in check in order to preserve the ability to call into question actual infringements.” (Rossen Law Firm).

The Constitution itself does not explicitly mention masks, yet the Tenth Amendment gives states and local officials the power to enforce necessary laws. Many anti-maskers claim masks take away their liberty, but the Jacobsen v. Massachusetts case of 1905 shows otherwise in stating, “While a local regulation, even if based on the acknowledged police power of a State, must always yield in case of conflict with the exercise by the General Government of any power it possesses under the Constitution, the mode or manner of exercising its police power is wholly within the discretion of the State granted or secured thereby is not infringed, or not exercised in such arbitrary and oppressive manner as to justify the interference of the courts to prevent wrong and oppression.” (Justia, US Supreme Court). States have the authority to step up when matters such as mask mandates arise. While numerous instances of people walking into stores without masks are cataloged from the pandemic, people are now permitted to enter certain places of business without masks and, more often than not, there is no accountability or proof required.

Some institutions such as colleges and universities are moving forward with steps to enforce students to show vaccination cards upon arrival back to campus. In some cases, it is not that easy as some schools have specific vaccines they are accepting, leaving international students in the lurch as they may have not received the accepted vaccines (New York Times). Although the pandemic is beginning to wind down, the questions regarding trust, vaccines, and freedom are still left very much unresolved.

______________________________________________________________

Bosman, Julie, and Sarah Mervosh. “Dropping Masks Means Trusting People in the U.S. about Their Vaccination Status. That's Tough.” The New York Times, The New York Times, 19 May 2021, www.nytimes.com/2021/05/19/world/dropping-masks-means-trusting-people-in-the-us-about-their-vaccination-status-thats-tough.html.

Callimachi, Rukmini. “Colleges Say Students Must Get a Covid Vaccine. But No, Not That One.” The New York Times, The New York Times, 3 June 2021, www.nytimes.com/2021/06/03/us/coronavirus-vaccine-college-students.html.

“Jacobson v. Massachusetts, 197 U.S. 11 (1905).” Justia Law, supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/197/11/.

Karon, Daniel R, and Giliann E Karon. “To Mask Or Not To Mask? It's Not a Constitutional Question.” CLS Blue Sky Blog, 29 Oct. 2020, clsbluesky.law.columbia.edu/2020/10/29/to-mask-or-not-to-mask-its-not-a-constitutional-question/#_ftn15.

“Wearing a Mask Violates My Constitutional Rights: Think Again, South Florida.” Rossen Law Firm, www.criminal-defense-dui.lawyer/blog

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roguenewsdao · 4 years

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THE AMERICAN NATIONAL

In the late nineties I began “re-organizing” assets and income for people and small businesses having both large debt and large windfall situations. Referring to myself as “I”, is just for convenience, and many of you know my organization as Singleton Press, PMA (a private membership association). These strategies were part of various solutions that allowed people to protect what they had and prevent future losses from unfair collections while they were able to scale up the income of their businesses and investments. I’ve been organizing structures inside the United States (including what we believe to be the fifty states) in a way that legally avoids not only tax consequences, but attachments resulting from tax and judgment lien levies against income, real estate and cash in the bank. The many versions of these structures I’ve referred to as “Bullet Proof Banking”, all registered within the United States. In spite of new laws and banking policies that act as if we are involved in money laundering or some kind of trafficking, when in fact it is the banking system that is involved in these very crimes, these strategies are absolutely sufficient to accomplish the objectives intended for the benefit of each of our members. These strategies have withstood all of the new statutes, including even the Patriot Act and the National Defense Authorization Act and even the new banking policies that we now know as “Know Your Customer (KYC)” and “Anti-Money Laundering (AML) or https://www.kyc3.com/quick-guide-to-kyc-and-aml-compliance/. The Bullet Proof Banking strategies continue to protect people against these draconian policies and statutes; however, if you want to get into securities, developing land, business credit, trades, professions, brick & mortar businesses and raising capital, it becomes a little arduous.

Many of our resources have been shared with members so that they could begin or develop a business or new source of income. Some of our members just needed to supplement a pension because their investments were raided by the IRS, and some of our members simply wanted to start a new venture or expand into new market niches. Over the years we’ve developed business plans, resources and shared suppliers and some trade secrets, when not restricted, for the purpose of helping people and small businesses succeed.

My purpose in writing this article is to show you how to become a national and change your own political affiliation so that you can have real access to your money and the assets that enrich your lives and allow you to advance technology for the benefit of people and of course, profit.

If you reside in the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, India or Belgium, we can use the PMA along with the limited partnership or a limited liability company to get the same or very similar results as we have in the states.

I want to introduce each of you, and new members, to a very real opportunity to further support what we’ve accomplished over the years, and to enable those of you who wish to gain the most from possibly tens or even hundreds of millions of dollars realized from investing in crypto-graphic currency. You will want to manage your new assets completely beyond the purview of state and federal taxation and regulatory impediments, including the securities statutes and unjust financial crimes presumptions. The most certain way to do this is to change your affiliation and national status and the following article is the real deal.

A Brief History

Over the last twenty years I’ve been observing the re-establishment of a nation (our nation). I did not realize until recently that I had been witnessing the emergence of a nation that had been marginalized since the thirteen American colonies became states. The United States of America was created under The Articles of Confederation in 1781, with the final adoption by the State of Maryland on March 1, 1781.

I remember in school, and I attended public school in the seventies and eighties, the false history that the U.S. Constitution was amended and replaced the Articles of Confederation for a stronger central government. This of course was a lie since a quorum to amend the Articles was never reached. Instead, people who were not in public office at the time, formed a franchise of the East India Trading Company, giving it the name “United States”, its charter being the U.S. Constitution. This company (not country) adopted the standard trademark of the East India Trading Company, a symbol we have come to know as the American flag, the “red, white and blue”.

This fact seems so outrageous that most people will not believe it, but the research will establish, without question, that the United States is nothing but a corporation, by its own admission in case law, historical documents and its by-laws (the United States Code). The United States is not a government, it’s nothing more than a collection of thousands of private membership associations (PMAs). This includes the so-called courts, sheriff, police, “government” agencies, departments, and every city, town and county is its own private company, privately held by private interests. The voting system is a sham, none of the so-called elected office holders are ever elected by the voters, they are appointed by the same people in those private membership associations.

If we dare speak of these facts openly, those running this racket may label us a “sovereign citizen”, another word for “domestic terrorist”, and thereby a possible death sentence at any routine traffic stop. Labeling someone a “sovereign citizen” is nothing but a death threat and at least one human rights violation (e.g. forced affiliation).

In addition to this, these very cities have been captured by other private organizations that are now perpetuating the ideas of “sustainable” or “strong” or “resilient” cities. This is code for a communist dictatorship under a foreign monarch, known as the Pope. And because people don’t usually think critically these days and lack the ability or willingness to research anything for themselves, they will not understand what is intended here. We can see some of the results of these plans by observing that we are under total and perpetual surveillance and under the attack of military weapons systems, including but not limited to microwave towers, Wi-Fi routers everywhere and SMART meters.

Why has this happened you may ask? It’s nothing new, you can see this has been happening for over a thousand years, it’s described in Book I of the Law of Nations. The secret societies were in a position to monopolize our government for their own commercial gains, namely, it was the Free Masons, operating through the Vatican (Pope), The King of The Netherlands and The Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem and the university system in the United States, the most prominent ones being Georgetown and George Washington Universities. Georgetown University, the trade name of Georgetown College, is literally the seat of government for the District of Columbia.

The Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution do not involve people living today. These documents are not the source of peoples’ rights or protecting the rights of any people. This entire system is operating under the Law of Nations and most of what is taking place is in violation of the Law of Nations and in violation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Please search these two terms on the Internet with the term “PDF” to obtain free copies and begin reading for yourself. Is it any wonder that we were never introduced to these bodies of law? It’s time we begin to learn.

Identifying the Problem

You’re going to have to give yourself some more time to discover the supporting facts of this saga, it’s too much information to get into for this short article, and I only wanted to introduce you to a solution to many of the problems you are experiencing. Let’s consider some of the major ones

1) human trafficking and trafficking of persons

2) compulsory public schools intruding into our families (surveillance, vaccinations)

3) family courts and government agencies intruding into our families,

4) having to take on long-term debt just to get the basic needs for living,

5) being tricked into taking on long term debt for a fake education,

6) state and federal taxes and regulations,

7) everyone is a suspect in money laundering and domestic terrorism

8) perpetual and intrusive surveillance

9) being taxed by foreign agents (“judges”) for the exercise of intangible property rights

10) being excluded from society because of your credit rating

The list is quite lengthy but these are the most important items that can be eliminated by correcting your legal status. I’m going to explain what is meant by this term.

Since you were assigned a social security number and since you assigned your children a social security number, each of you have been trafficked out of your home state, one of the States of the Union (The United States of America), and thereby denied any national status. You have never signed a social compact and joined a political party (today’s so-called political parties are nothing but “527” organizations under 26 U.S.C. §527, not political parties). True political parties are not registered with any government agency. The Democrats and Republicans are not political parties, they are tax exempt organizations.

Your “person” has been trafficked out of the state in which you were born and into the United States as the property or surety of the debts for one or more internal revenue trusts situated in the U.S. Virgin Islands, Common Wealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, or the American Samoa or some other federal territory. This made you a resident alien and an enemy of the state in which you live. Since then you have been living as an enemy of the state and described as such under The Trading With the Enemy Act as amended on March 6th 1933 by Franklin Delano Roosevelt (see Title 5 U.S.C. §552(a) “Government Reorganization Plan)

This is why your children can be taken, why your votes don’t count, why you are censored and under surveillance and the reason why you are being taxed and regulated out of existence. This structure has prevented good people from consolidating capital that was intended for the benefit of people, such as to advance certain technologies. Whenever the banking system sees that someone is consolidating capital, the money and property is seized and the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the IRS or Financial Crimes Network (FINCEN) gets involved. The victims naively ask attorneys for help and the attorneys, who are working for this system and against people, take the matter into bankruptcy court and the property is then stolen by the very people who are preventing the consolidation of capital. It’s not only about taking your money, it’s about preventing you from having money or resources, at whatever cost is needed.

Remedy

Are you really tired of this system? Here’s why you are being abused, because you don’t have a nation, you are a citizen of a corporation, you have no country, no political affiliation. The remedy is to change your affiliation and become a national, specifically, an American National, join your State Assembly, take a real oath and sign a compact with people in your nation. Once you’ve done these basic things, you will have removed yourself from the U.S. system of taxation, regulation, abuse and exploitation.

The first step is to declare your residency. First, using your home address, you obtain the latitude and longitude for your home address at https://www.latlong.net/convert-address-to-lat-long.html and then convert these coordinates into the natural area code (NAC) using http://nactag.info/map.asp. The NAC coordinates will look like a series of capital letters and numbers. The postal system will deliver mail to this address, even though you may encounter some resistance or interference, all existing postal systems use the same software which does include the NAC database. This has been adopted by the Universal Postal Union around the world. Send yourself some post cards with this address until you begin receiving them on a regular basis. This will be the first step to getting you out of the U.S. jurisdiction. Before you begin, please have patience, realize this takes time, and be sure to watch and take notes from the 103rd Broadcast of the T-ROH Show.

Once you have this information, visit the website for The United States of America at https://theunitedstatesofamerica1781.com/ The first thing you’ll want to do is the declaration of residency from the link on the main site:

“GOVERNMENT SERVICES”

Use the name that appears on your birth certificate, and it will result in your legal name being published, and your trafficked person will be returned to the state. The bonds will then collapse, and you’ll want to order the service to take the oaths and that is a 90-120 day process of collecting records. Once that is done, you can take the oaths and then you can get your passport and give up your state driver license and vehicle registration in exchange for the only real identifying records that will not be used to traffic your person or tax you or hold you as a surety. You will then be able to register your car in The United States of America (States of the Union) and export your land (home) into the States of the Union.

You will also want to join the American National Union once you register the existence of your name as a business, such as a limited liability company or a private membership association (PMA). This is the main website, https://americannationalunion.com/ and there are unions for every trade and profession. Join the discussions and please take time to learn more about the PMA at www.genoaholdings.org. As a quick example, your family is a private membership association and no government or police power has any authority to intrude into your PMA unless it is engaged in acts considered to be substantively evil. Knowledge of this one item alone would be enough to stop most of the family court abuses.

Mothers and fathers don’t realize that the term “neglect” is being used in these family court proceedings without any set of facts, nor any set of facts established with evidence of any kind. Moreover, the set of facts that is not disclosed, involves the presumption that you are involved in money laundering. Yes, family court accusations of “neglect” involve the judges taking silent judicial notice of the mother and father being involve in money laundering. This is why no matter what your argue, it will have no effect on whatever the court want to do with your children, and your attorney is helping the court and the state. You will discover how this is done as you begin to learn more about what I’m explaining in this article.

You’ll want to begin learning about the Bank of North America and the Continental Dollar (UCD) and the Continental Public Bank at https://continentalpublicbank.com/. This bank is approximately 240 years old and its currency is pegged to silver bullion in a 1 to 1 ratio, that is, 1 UCD : 1 oz. Ag bullion.

The pension program of The United States of America can also replace your U.S. based social security pension, you will have to research to learn more about this. Once an American National, you can join its military and run for public office, a real public office where the voters’ votes really do result in a real office holder being elected to serve the people.

You should also know that the United States exists in grid system of approximately 500 rectangular regions, not the fifty states we were told in school. This is a survey or map of your current residency.

On the other hand, The United States of America includes all of the 50 states with which we are so familiar.

Becoming an American National is not intended to solve your tax or court problems. If you decide to become an American National, you will want to do it for the purpose of changing your affiliations and enjoying the benefits of being part of a nation, and not for the purpose of solving problems related to a debt collection or court process.

Having the American National status will end your own human trafficking and the trafficking of your person and free up your access to money and the enjoyment of property. It will remove your person from the purview of the United States and all of its agencies, such as the Securities and Exchange Commission, IRS, state agencies, etc. You will have new obligations, but they will be fair and lead to your prosperity.

You will certainly want to re-mediate yourself to compensate for all of the propaganda you’ve been surrounded with for an entire life-time. Please watch/listen to The T-ROH Show by searching the Youtube.com channel “The Government of The United States of America” and the phrase “The nth Broadast of The T-ROH Show” and replace “nth” with “first”, “second”, “third”, “fourth”, etcetera. There are over two years of weekly T-ROH shows and you will want to hear all of them, from the first to the last.

Conclusion

Imagine organizing your investment company or business outside of the United States, and within The United States of America. Once you become an American National sign the social compact, take your oath and join your State Assembly, you may conduct your business and lawfully managing your investments in The United States of America and outside the United States while avoiding all of its unjust taxes and regulations. This fact alone may be a decision maker for many of you, but as you learn more about this, you will discover many more reasons to change (or correct/restore) your affiliation.

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howtohero · 5 years

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Montages

Most parts of being a superhero are very exciting. You’re vanquishing monsters, disabling missiles on the fly, breaking the sound barrier and then scrambling to fix it before anybody notices and bills you. Uninformed bystanders might even claim that when you’re a superhero, there’s never a dull moment. Well those people are wrong and they should be hurtled into the nearest volcano for their hubris. (Before you continue with this line of reasoning, I’ve taken the liberty of reading through our archives and regret to inform you that you’ve said that very thing here in this post.) Ah for real? Dang. Well, yeah, whatever, I deserve to be thrown into a volcano for my hubris, this isn’t the first time my hubris has been my downfall and it sure as shirt won’t be the last! But yeah, some parts of being a superhero are going to be dull, tedious, and occasionally seem like a waste of time. There are times where you’ll have to read up on your enemies or the latest ancient myth that turned out to be true. There will be times when you’ll have to travel long distances through land, air, sea, and space in order to confront some threat. And of course, you’re going to have to train. Gross. But I’m here to tell you that there’s another way. A way to condense all of the lengthy, arduous, tedium into just a few minutes. A way to complete all of your household chores and general superhero housekeeping into the time it takes for one heart-pumping song to play to completion. Let’s talk about montages, and how they can benefit you.

You all know what a montage is right? You’ve seen movies? What? You’ve never watched a movie? Or seen a TV show? The only media you ever consume is this very blog and you spend all your time just waiting for the next update? Well, fair enough, I can’t argue with your life choices. You clearly know what you’re doing. Well, for those who are unfamiliar with the concept, a montage is a string of connected, often contextless scenes that serve to further a narrative without boring its audience. Usually with some mood-setting music playing over them. I’m sure there have been plenty of moments in your life when you’ve wished you could turn your life into a montage. When you’ve been crunching complex numbers and calculations so you can use math to resurrect people; when you’ve been trying to master your new rocket boots and can’t bear to experience twenty seven consecutive failed test runs in real time; when you have to go meet your teammate’s parents. Montages are the answer to many of life’s more time-consuming problems, and, since you live in a world where a giant panda named Maurice occasionally eats a telephone pole and nobody even raises an eyebrow, you can actually use them.

You see, montages are technically just another form of time travel, and people do that all the time. Well, there more of a happy medium between traveling through time the slow way and regular time travel. When you time travel the regular way, you leave the timeline at one point and reemerge at a different point. The process is instantaneous for you, but the world will go on as normal without you until it reaches the point you’ve traveled to. When you travel through time the slow way, you’re simply putting yourself out of action for a bit, (such as through cryogenic freezing or entering one of those anti-aging chambers they tell you about when you get stupid rich) while the world continues to move around you. When you montage, only your consciousness is hurtling forward in your time. Your body is still going through the motions of calling your entire extended family to apologize for what has come to be known as “The Great Thanksgiving Peacock Travesty/Fiasco/A Good Man Died Should We Really Be Making a Joke About This?” or going for regular morning jogs. If you do it right and do it well, nobody except for you will even know you’re doing it. What a fun little secret!

In order to montage properly, you need a small, wearable time traveling device, a casual disregard for the terms and agreements of said device, and a killer playlist. With some quick tinkering that’s sure to put you in violation of your warranty and possibly several international laws I don’t know I am not a lawyer, you can bypass any and all safety measures contained within the device, thereby allowing it to separate your consciousness from your body. (Is that safe you ask? Of course not, but the alternative is cooking 5,000 personal sized crembules for the annual superhero crembule and foosball festival which is actually apparently a real thing all by yourself in real time and as far as I’m concerned that is not an option.) Then all you have to do is get an adapter and plug the time drive into your personal music player and pick a good song and bam! The time drive will look into the future, see how long it’s going to take you to do what it is you don’t want to spend time doing and, from your perspective, condense that time into the time it takes for your chosen song to play out. Of course to any outside observers your body will just be diligently doing the work while your favorite song plays in slow motion, but who cares about outside observers. They should go get a real job or something instead of observing you.

While your consciousness flits in and out of your body while your song plays, your body and other functions will essentially be on overdrive. It helps to have thought out a plan of work/speech/attack for whatever you’re skipping out on so your body has some form of direction from your subconscious mind. You won’t be able to improvise or think of your feet as well, which could be disastrous if you’re montaging having important conversations. Or if you’re montaging your way through the six weeks of improv classes your brother-in-law got you as a gift so you guys could “hang out in a non-gladiator-death-match environment for once.” But for simple repetitive tasks you should be fine. If your body isn’t a useless slab of meat like mine and can be trusted to do easy tasks without falling over instantly, you can even forego any forethought and just hop right into a montage.

It behooves me to caution against some of the other downsides of montaging. There’s a reason it’s not an advertised function of time machines and why it might actually be a crime once again I do not know I am not a lawyer and I montaged my way through my research day for this topic and did not retain anything. Like any form of time travel, montaging will cause you to miss out on parts of your life. Sure, they’re usually the boring or distasteful parts, but those parts have value too (allegedly). Working hard teaches you how to dedicate yourself to tasks, how to value hard work (nobody knows more about hard work than me, I frequent the gym. The gym. And it’s not even a gym in my apartment building or anything. I have to walk to the gym. Working out before I even work out) and how to be patient. Also, you never know when you’re going to receive free ice cream from the Ice Cream Fairy, and if your useless meat slab is stuck on autopilot you might not have the wherewithal to gleefully accept the free ice cream. Alternatively, you never know when danger might strike and, as a superhero, you can be pretty sure that it’s going to strike just as soon as you launch your consciousness all the way to the end of “Ice Ice Baby”. (Nobody knows more about danger striking instantly than me! My gym, the one that I walk to that I mentioned just before. Is also a gym for cars. It’s got like a track that cars go and race around but sometimes the cars get lost and/or confused and wander into the people part of the gym. At any moment you can be throwing dumbbells or bench pressing a balance beam and a car can just come revving at you with no regard for the signs saying that its in the people part of the gym. To avoid being killed by a car in my gym that I go to for exercise I’ve started wearing bright green workout pants because to cars green means go and I’m telling them to go away and not hit me.)

While montaging is a neat little life hack to literally hack out the boring parts of your life, an over-reliance on it can have deleterious effects on your life and overall happiness. So take the time to punch each one of those goons one by one. Spend a few hours consciously engineering a new super-armor that both looks good and can shoot thirteen surface to air missiles from its pelvis. Talk to your parents, apologize for bringing a peacock to Thanksgiving. Don’t void the warranty on your time time machine, live your life, leave montages to the movies.

#suerhero #superheroes #comics #comedy #humor #montages #advice #creative writing #time travel #time traveling the slow way #work out montage #the gym #Ice Ice Baby #Vanilla Ice #peacock #crembule #Thanksgiving #funny #hilarious

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diarynz · 5 years

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Trump's new asylum border rule clears initial legal hurdle

New Post has been published on https://diary.nz/trumps-new-asylum-border-rule-clears-initial-legal-hurdle/

Trump's new asylum border rule clears initial legal hurdle

(Reuters) – U.S. President Donald Trump on Wednesday scored an initial victory in his latest move to clamp down on immigration when a judge in Washington declined to block a new rule that bars almost all asylum applications at the U.S.-Mexican border.

FILE PHOTO: U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement officers make an arrest after carrying out a raid in San Francisco, California, U.S. in this July 7, 2019 handout photo. Ron Rogers/U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement/Handout via REUTERS

The rule requires all asylum-seekers arriving at the southern border to first pursue safe haven in a third country through which they travelled on their way to the United States.

The decision allows the rule to stand for now.

But the Trump-appointed judge, Timothy Kelly of U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia, will still preside over the underlying legal challenge that could strike the law down.

More immediately, the rule also faces a second court challenge in the Northern District of California, where the judge in that case, Jon Tigar, was appointed by former President Barack Obama. A hearing was held on Wednesday and a written ruling could be issued at any time.

Tigar could issue an order to block the new asylum rule, possibly in the form of a preliminary injunction, which carries more weight than a restraining order.

Even so, the Trump administration was quick to celebrate the win in the Washington court, saying it would discourage abuse of the asylum process.

“The rule properly encourages migrants to seek asylum in other countries they have travelled through before reaching the United States and makes those who fail to do so ineligible for asylum, thereby foreclosing opportunistic claims by those who want to exploit our asylum system,” White House Press Secretary Stephanie Grisham said in a statement.

The administration has sought to curtail the increasing numbers of mostly Central American migrants arriving at the U.S. -Mexico border after fleeing violence and poverty in countries such as Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador. It has characterised the vast majority of their asylum claims as bogus.

After the administration announced the rule last week, the American Civil Liberties Union and pro-immigrant groups sued, claiming it violates U.S. law that welcomes those who come to the United States while fleeing persecution at home.

Opponents of the rule contend the United States cannot force migrants to first apply for asylum in another country, such as Mexico or Guatemala, unless Washington first has a “safe third country” agreement with that government. Both Mexico and Guatemala have resisted Trump administration efforts to reach such a deal.

The judge’s decision in the D.C. court to allow the rule to go forward was in response to a lawsuit filed by the Capital Area Immigrants’ Rights Coalition, which said it was disappointed by the ruling but would keep fighting.

“We had hoped to obtain immediate relief from the potentially drastic consequences of this rule, which we firmly believe violates U.S. law and the Constitution,” Mitchell Reich, one of the attorneys representing the coalition, said in a statement.

In California, Tigar said he was struck by the dangers faced by people passing through Mexico, which was significant because the Trump administration argued that the country was a safe haven.

“The administrative record about the dangers faced by persons transiting through Mexico and the inadequacy of the asylum system there … is stunning,” Tigar said from bench.

The administration has issued a rapid-fire series of anti-immigration edicts recently. The issue is shaping up to be a focus of the 2020 presidential campaign.

Voters rewarded Trump for his anti-immigrant rhetoric in the 2016 election campaign, sending him to the White House after he promised to build a wall on the U.S.-Mexico border and called for a ban on Muslims entering the United States.

Last week, the administration issued another rule to expedite deportations for immigrants who have crossed illegally within the last two years and are caught anywhere in the United States. The rule eliminated a level of judicial review and expanded a programme typically applied only along the southern border with Mexico.

Democrats have blasted the policies as cruel, faulting the Trump administration for warehousing migrants in crowded detention facilities along the border and separating immigrant children from the adults they have travelled with.

Reporting by Kristina Cooke in San Francisco, Mica Rosenberg and Daniel Trotta in New York, and Tom Hals in Wilmington, Delaware; Editing by David Gregorio, Paul Simao and Bill Berkrot

Our Standards:The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.

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christineamccalla · 5 years

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Education dilemma and other international predicaments, by McCalla, Christine Ann

From: McCalla, Christine Ann and all variations thereof

To: Interpol and all variations thereof

Date: Monday, January 22, 2018

Re: Education dilemma and other international predicaments

The European Union has asserted several facts that are questionable in regards to the constraints involved and created by the document CONSOLIDATED VERSION OF

THE TREATY ON EUROPEAN UNION in which the number of the nations involved and considered to be the European Union consists primarily of multiple monarchial presence particularly given one, omitted from said documentation is said to be present and active, McCalla, Christine Ann Joseph Nicole and all variations thereof, Barony. The multiple monarchial presence and other related parties consist of the documents preamble PREAMBLE

HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF THE BELGIANS, HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN OF DENMARK, THE PRESIDENT OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY, THE PRESIDENT OF IRELAND, THE PRESIDENT OF THE HELLENIC REPUBLIC,

HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF SPAIN, THE PRESIDENT OF THE FRENCH REPUBLIC, THE PRESIDENT OF THE ITALIAN REPUBLIC, HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS THE GRAND DUKE OF LUXEMBOURG, HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN OF THE NETHERLANDS, THE PRESIDENT OF THE PORTUGUESE REPUBLIC, HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN OF THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND, ( 1 ), considered to be fraudulent monarchs judicially, judiciarily, and legislatively. Furthermore, the preamble discloses that ( 1 ) The Republic of Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, the Republic of Estonia, the Republic of Croatia, the Republic of Cyprus, the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, the Republic of Hungary, the Republic of Malta, the Republic of Austria, the Republic of Poland, Romania, the Republic of Slovenia, the Slovak Republic, the Republic of Finland and the Kingdom of Sweden have since become members of the European Union. It appears that multiple European nations including Switzerland, Iceland, Norway, Denmark, etc. are unaccounted for and as a result, thereby excluded from the documents developmental and socio-economic efforts which in my purview is a violation of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, United Nations Covenant on International Armed Conflict, International Covenant on Torture, 15 U.S Code Section 21 Ware Finance Corp Act, 15 U.S. Code § 8 - Trusts in restraint of import trade illegal; penalty, 15 U.S. Code § 2 - Monopolizing trade a felony; penalty, 20 U.S. Code § 1221–1 - National policy with respect to equal educational opportunity, 20 U.S. Code Chapter 15 - STUDIES AND RESEARCH ON PROBLEMS IN EDUCATION, 8 U.S. Code § 1442 - Alien enemies, 34 U.S. Code § 50101 - Application for assistance, De facto government doctrine, 49 USCS § 50105 § 50105. Fraudulent use of Made in America label, TITLE 49. TRANSPORTATION SUBTITLE VII. AVIATION PROGRAMS PART E. MISCELLANEOUS CHAPTER 501. BUY-AMERICAN PREFERENCES, 49 USCS § 50102 § 50102. Restricting contract awards because of discrimination against United States goods or services, TITLE 6. DOMESTIC SECURITY CHAPTER 1. HOMELAND SECURITY ORGANIZATION INFORMATION ANALYSIS AND INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION INFORMATION AND ANALYSIS AND INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION; ACCESS TO INFORMATION 6 USCS § 124k. Interagency Threat Assessment and Coordination Group, TITLE 6. DOMESTIC SECURITY CHAPTER 1. HOMELAND SECURITY ORGANIZATION INFORMATION ANALYSIS AND INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION INFORMATION AND ANALYSIS AND INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION; ACCESS TO INFORMATION 6 USCS § 121 § 121. Information and Analysis and Infrastructure Protection, TITLE 6. DOMESTIC SECURITY CHAPTER 1. HOMELAND SECURITY ORGANIZATION 6 USCS § 104 § 104. National biodefense strategy, 8 U.S. Code § 1724 - Chimera - Personnel management authorities for positions involved in the development and implementation of the interoperable electronic data system (“Chimera system”), economic duress doctrine, 6 U.S. Code Chapter 5 - BORDER INFRASTRUCTURE AND TECHNOLOGY MODERNIZATION, 17 U.S. Code § 1201 - Circumvention of copyright protection systems, 50 U.S. Code § 98a - Congressional findings and declaration of purpose, TITLE 18. CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE PART I. CRIMES CHAPTER 10. BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS 18 USCS § 175 § 175. Prohibitions with respect to biological weapons, TITLE 15. COMMERCE AND TRADE CHAPTER 101. NANOTECHNOLOGY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 15 USCS § 7501 § 7501. National Nanotechnology Program, TITLE 15. COMMERCE AND TRADE CHAPTER 1. MONOPOLIES AND COMBINATIONS IN RESTRAINT OF TRADE 15 USCS § 6a § 6a. Conduct involving trade or commerce with foreign nations, TITLE 42. THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE CHAPTER 21. CIVIL RIGHTS GENERALLY 42 USCS § 1981 § 1981. Equal rights under the law, TITLE 4. FLAG AND SEAL, SEAT OF GOVERNMENT, AND THE STATES CHAPTER 4. THE STATES 4 USCS § 101 § 101. Oath by members of legislatures and officers, 17 USCS § 1309 § 1309. Infringement, 28 USCS § 1407 § 1407. Multidistrict litigation, Rules for Judicial-Conduct and Judicial-Disability Proceedings, Article II. Initiation of Complaint, USCS Jud. Con. And Disab. Proc. 5, Act of state doctrine, TITLE 18. CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE PART I. CRIMES CHAPTER 118. WAR CRIMES 18 USCS § 2441 § 2441. War crimes, 8 USCS § 1778 § 1778. Vulnerability and threat assessment, 8 USCS § 1751 § 1751. Study of the feasibility of a North American National Security Program, TITLE 42. THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE CHAPTER 119. HOMELESS ASSISTANCE HOUSING ASSISTANCE EMERGENCY SOLUTIONS GRANTS PROGRAM 42 USCS § 11372 § 11372. Grant assistance, 18 USCS § 201 § 201. Bribery of public officials and witnesses, TITLE 42. THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE CHAPTER 21. CIVIL RIGHTS PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS 42 USCS § 2000a-2 § 2000a-2. Prohibition against deprivation of, interference with, and punishment for exercising rights and rights and privileges secured by 42 USCS § 2000a or 2000a-1, Emoluments Clause, 50 U.S. Code Subchapter I - COORDINATION FOR NATIONAL SECURITY, 48 CFR 1352.235-71 - Protection of human subjects - exemption, 22 USCS § 504 § 504. Transfer of hemisphere territory from one non-American power to another; recognition; consultation with American Republics, Article 3 of the Geneva Conventions, Geneva Conventions, Convention on the Service Abroad of Judicial and Extrajudicial Documents in Civil or Commercial Matters, TITLE 42. THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE CHAPTER 57. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION STUDY 42 USCS § 4391 § 4391. Congressional statement of findings, 18 USCS § 2101 § 2101. Riots, 18 USCS § 521 § 521. Criminal street gangs, 18 U.S. Code § 521 - Criminal street gangs, and TITLE 18. CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE PART I. CRIMES CHAPTER 75. PASSPORTS AND VISAS 18 USCS § 1545 § 1545. Safe conduct violation. Furthermore, it is alleged this exclusion is in a bid to create antitrust and anti-competitive advantages, as well as undue influences and undue pressures, as alleged by European individual, “it is the only way he can sell his things and have people by them”. Additionally, McCalla, Christine Ann and all variations thereof has also been obstructed, delayed, and set morbidly to demise as a result of the discriminatory practices of the European Union. The impact to her of said discriminatory practices now extend to the pattern of stalking, financing murders, slandery, slander, deprivation, delays, and denials of her human rights dignities, financing the fraudulent ejection of higher education efforts including the alleged waitlisting to her admission to Columbia Southern University, the alleged payments for her distraction and poor performance to deny her of her stipends from Columbia Southern University she expects to live on to avoid homelessness, the alleged promises to University of Maryland University College administrative staff to ascend them into higher positions as well as disregarding their legitimacy regard illegal immigrants and war crimes status, the enticement and submission to Northcentral University into the slander and infringement of McCalla, Christine Ann and all variations thereof papers including courses Scholarly Literature Review and Statistics I for which it is alleged Northcentral University has continued to sue McCalla in the European Justice System to have return to the university for more abuse and murder. Lonnie Stevans, teacher of Statistics I at Northcentral University has denied having McCalla in his class as well as any knowledge of her. It is alleged he has poor success rates with his scholars / students and allegedly Northcentral is attempting to have McCalla return to the university to recomplete the class. Based on Stevans prior refusal of introduction of McCalla, McCalla has submitted her litigation to Interpol and all variations thereof for copyrighting and has pursued numerous litigations regarding copyrights, copyright protections, and infringements. It is alleged Columbia Southern University has now joined and is now collaborating with Northcentral University in the planned ejection in which administrators have sued to McCalla ejected from Columbia Southern on the basis a class she has not taken but was given transfer credit for was graded by the administrator and given a grade of improperly completing a course by providing solutions not included in the guidelines and recommendations of the objectives and the course itself. Furthermore, McCalla has exceeded the number of scholarly, peer reviewed sources and included additional sources including non-scholarly, peer reviewed contents including videos explaining her designs and methodologies of her statistics I final paper / assignment students and solutions. At the time, designs and methodologies were appropriate and McCalla was ascended to further studies totalling 15 credit hours. It appears Northcental and Columbia Southern Universities have now joined forced and collaborated with European prostitutes, weapons dealers and traffickers, pimps, war criminals, and genocide designers in seeking fundings using the brand McCalla, Christine Ann and all variations thereof. It is the habit of Northcentral University to fraudulently eject their students, finance dilemmas including homelessness as is the case with my current shelter Franciscan Outreach and its administrators, pay for denizens to rent spaces to me, pay the community in general to ostracize me, and pay for people murder. Christina Boche, execution survivor, prostitute, pimp, and my former academic advisor, has the habit of walking throughout the European Union using my name as a source of reference to organized crime and mass debt often claiming, “I fucking know Christine McCalla and I can do whatever I what to her”. I have requested numerous writs of discoveries to support my claims of these criminalities. To prove the level of abuse, kindly insert the criminalities of my academic career including institution and personnel and crimes along with results including convictions and executions, while in the United States of America in her democracy and all variations thereof. I have attended Montgomery College in the state of Maryland, University of Maryland University College, also in the state of Maryland, Northcentral University in Arizona, and now about to begin Columbia Southern University effective January 24, 2017. I arrived in the United States of America in her democracy and all variations thereof on July 16, 1997 with an immigration status of permanent resident although Susan Smith Percoshius has attempted to deport me uncountable number of times. Furthermore, the European nations including European Union, European Council, and European Commission and all variants and variations thereof, and their criminal enterprises including organized crime, has recruited and retained the several internationally involving all continents to dispose of me, the Barony. My efforts in resistance have been prosecutions and litigations internationally and always through Interpol, requests for executions, attempts to correct the European laws and treaties that are fraudulent including their multiple monarchs. I have also made substantial efforts in international socio-economic developments funded by the UN, including the placements of wardships and receiverships by CURIA, UN/United Nation, and UNWatch. As long as the European denizenry is able to commit crimes including war crimes and genocide, McCalla, Christine Ann and all variations thereof will always be at a disadvantage including the pursuit by China, Syria, Egypt, and other nations to allegedly drive out of my shelter as was the case at the University of Maryland University College, Northcentral University, and now Columbia Southern University. There is also the duress by the denizenry of the United States of America in her democracy and all variations thereof to force me to assume fraudulent aliases although I have given writ by judicial amplifiers that my name cannot be changed in light of fraudulent governmental interference on an international basis. This is nothing new as was the case of an illegal Swedish immigrant to run for US presidency, illegal immigrants staffing Department of Education, Department of Defense being a mercenary fee for service business staff by felonious civilians including war criminals and illegal immigrants, Department of Health including its Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, and Department of Health and Human Services including chancellory positions. The delegation by European denizenry in my demise as well as the promulgation of fraud, fraudulence, and discriminatory practices including to its own nation excluded from content and its need to embargo itself as well as create deceptive antitrust and anticompetition norms, mores, practices, and behaviors.

The actions of the European denizenry including its Council and Commission violates its CONSOLIDATED VERSION OF THE TREATY ON EUROPEAN UNION it authorizes all continents and the international community to professionally and personnally violate its scapegoat McCalla, Christine Ann and all variations thereof, to account for debt to acquire, service, or extinguish, to account for criminal actions, as a brand to criminality regardless of the substantial effort she has exerted to bring attention to charges, execution, and fines, the authorities given to criminalities to bring hardship to McCalla, Christine Ann and all variations and inclusive of war criminals to make McCalla suffer as their fraudulent monarchial presence must be acknowledged and she is a usurper. wherein it claims,

DETERMINED to promote economic and social progress for their peoples, taking into account the principle of sustainable development and within the context of the accomplishment of the internal market and of reinforced cohesion and environmental protection, and to implement policies ensuring that advances in economic integration are accompanied by parallel progress in other fields,

RESOLVED to establish a citizenship common to nationals of their countries,

RESOLVED to implement a common foreign and security policy including the progressive framing of a common defence policy, which might lead to a common defence in accordance with the provisions of Article 42, thereby reinforcing the European identity and its independence in order to promote peace, security and progress in Europe and in the world,

RESOLVED to facilitate the free movement of persons, while ensuring the safety and security of their peoples, by establishing an area of freedom, security and justice, in accordance with the provisions of this Treaty and of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,

RESOLVED to continue the process of creating an ever closer union among the peoples of Europe, in which decisions are taken as closely as possible to the citizen in accordance with the principle of subsidiarity.

CONSOLIDATED VERSION OF THE TREATY ON EUROPEAN UNION as set forth by the European governance and denizenry is not being upheld as their actions including previous filings, litigations, and prosecutions, violate, its statutes,

Article 3 (ex Article 2 TEU) 1. The Union's aim is to promote peace, its values and the well-being of its peoples. VIOLATED McCALLA, CHRISTINE ANN AND ALL VARIATIONS THEREOF INHERENT HUMANITY AND INTERNATIONAL COVENANT ON CIVIL AND POLITICAL RIGHTS. 2. The Union shall offer its citizens an area of freedom, security and justice without internal frontiers, in which the free movement of persons is ensured in conjunction with appropriate measures with respect to external border controls, asylum, immigration and the prevention and combating of crime. VIOLATED McCALLA, CHRISTINE ANN AND ALL VARIATIONS THEREOF INHERENT HUMANITY AND INTERNATIONAL COVENANT ON CIVIL AND POLITICAL RIGHTS. 3. The Union shall establish an internal market. It shall work for the sustainable development of Europe based on balanced economic growth and price stability, a highly competitive social market economy, aiming at full employment and social progress, and a high level of protection and improvement of the quality of the environment, It shall promote scientific and technological advance. It shall combat social exclusion and discrimination, and shall promote social justice and protection, equality between women and men, solidarity between generations and protection of the rights of the child. VIOLATED McCALLA, CHRISTINE ANN AND ALL VARIATIONS THEREOF INHERENT HUMANITY AND INTERNATIONAL COVENANT ON CIVIL AND POLITICAL RIGHTS. 5. In its relations with the wider world, the Union shall uphold and promote its values and

interests and contribute to the protection of its citizens. It shall contribute to peace, security, the

sustainable development of the Earth, solidarity and mutual respect among peoples, free and fair trade, eradication of poverty and the protection of human rights, in particular the rights of the child, as well as to the strict observance and the development of international law, including respect for the principles of the United Nations Charter. VIOLATED McCALLA, CHRISTINE ANN AND ALL VARIATIONS THEREOF INHERENT HUMANITY AND INTERNATIONAL COVENANT ON CIVIL AND POLITICAL RIGHTS. CONSPIRED TO MURDER, CREATE FORCED MENTAL INCAPACITATION, AND INCARCERATION OF McCALLA, CHRISTINE ANN AND ALL VARIATIONS THEREOF, CURIA, UN/UNITED NATION, AND UNWATCH’S PERSONNEL AND THEIR GOVERNANCE AS WELL AS DISSOLUTION OF THE AGENCIES CURIA, UN/UNITED NATION, AND UNWATCH.

6. The Union shall pursue its objectives by appropriate means commensurate

competences which are conferred upon it in the Treaties. VIOLATED McCALLA, CHRISTINE ANN AND ALL VARIATIONS THEREOF, CURIA, UN/UNITED NATION, AND UNWATCH’s INHERENT HUMANITY AND INTERNATIONAL COVENANT ON CIVIL AND POLITICAL RIGHTS, AS WELL AS OPTIMIZED INFRINGEMENTS TO CREATE FRAUDULENT GOVERNANCE AND GOVERNANCE STRUCTURES INCLUDING DIRECTORIATES, REGIONS, EDUCATION AND CREDENTIALS, AND CONTINENTS.

ALSO VIOLATED McCALLA, CHRISTINE ANN AND ALL VARIATIONS THEREOF, CURIA, UN/UNITED NATION, AND UNWATCH’s INHERENT HUMANITY AND INTERNATIONAL COVENANT ON CIVIL AND POLITICAL RIGHTS, AS WELL AS OPTIMIZED INFRINGEMENTS TO CREATE FRAUDULENT GOVERNANCE AND GOVERNANCE STRUCTURES INCLUDING DIRECTORIATES, REGIONS, EDUCATION AND CREDENTIALS, AND CONTINENTS REGARDING ARTICLE 4,

Article 4

1. In accordance with Article 5, competences not conferred upon the Union in the Treaties

remain with the Member States.

2. The Union shall respect the equality of Member States before the Treaties as well as their

national identities, inherent in their fundamental structures, political and constitutional, inclusive of regional and local self-government. It shall respect their essential State functions, including ensuring the territorial integrity of the State, maintaining law and order and safeguarding national security. In particular, national security remains the sole responsibility of each Member State.

3. Pursuant to the principle of sincere cooperation, the Union and the Member States shall, in full

mutual respect, assist each other in carrying out tasks which flow from the Treaties.

The Member States shall take any appropriate measure, general or particular, to ensure fulfilment of the obligations arising out of the Treaties or resulting from the acts of the institutions of the Union. The Member States shall facilitate the achievement of the Union's tasks and refrain from any measure which could jeopardise the attainment of the Union's objectives.

McCalla, Christine Ann and all variations thereof has had to prosecute her own crimes which resulted in an advantage to her as no one can undue influence and advantage over her.

THIS DOCUMENT IN QUESTION HAS PROVEN THAT MORE ETHICAL, TRANSPARENT, AND OPEN GOVERNANCE OF THE EUROPEAN NATIONS ARE REQUIRED GIVEN THAT THE PARLIAMENTS SUBORN PERJURY AND FRAUD AS DESCRIBED BY Article 7

(ex Article 7 TEU), WHEREIN THE ENTIRE ARTICLE HAS HELD THE EUROPEAN NATIONS ACCOUNTABLE FOR ITS FRAUDULENT ACTIONS.

Article 7

(ex Article 7 TEU)

1. On a reasoned proposal by one third of the Member States, by the European Parliament or by

the European Commission, the Council, acting by a majority of four fifths of its members after

obtaining the consent of the European Parliament, may determine that there is a clear risk of a

serious breach by a Member State of the values referred to in Article 2. Before making such a

determination, the Council shall hear the Member State in question and may address recommen

dations to it, acting in accordance with the same procedure.

The Council shall regularly verify that the grounds on which such a determination was made

continue to apply.

2. The European Council, acting by unanimity on a proposal by one third of the Member States

or by the Commission and after obtaining the consent of the European Parliament, may determine the existence of a serious and persistent breach by a Member State of the values referred to in Article 2, after inviting the Member State in question to submit its observations.

3. Where a determination under paragraph 2 has been made, the Council, acting by a qualified

majority, may decide to suspend certain of the rights deriving from the application of the Treaties to the Member State in question, including the voting rights of the representative of the government of that Member State in the Council. In doing so, the Council shall take into account the possible consequences of such a suspension on the rights and obligations of natural and legal persons The obligations of the Member State in question under the Treaties shall in any case continue to be binding on that State.

4. The Council, acting by a qualified majority, may decide subsequently to vary or revoke

measures taken under paragraph 3 in response to changes in the situation which led to their

being imposed.

5. The voting arrangements applying to the European Parliament, the European Council and

the Council for the purposes of this Article are laid down in Article 354 of the Treaty on the

Functioning of the European Union.

The TREATY ESTABLISHING A CONSTITUTION FOR EUROPE violates and conflicts the CONSOLIDATED VERSION OF THE TREATY ON EUROPEAN UNION in its entirety, particularly through the exclusion of nations as member nations with PART II — THE CHARTER OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS OF THE UNION, PART III — THE POLICIES AND FUNCTIONING OF THE UNION, CHAPTER IV — AREA OF FREEDOM, SECURITY AND JUSTICE, CHAPTER IV — COOPERATION WITH THIRD COUNTRIES AND HUMANITARIAN AID, etc. These conflicts and violations including the ostracism, discriminations, and discriminatory practices, PART I, OBJECTIVES OF THE UNION, TITLE I DEFINITION AND OBJECTIVES OF THE UNION,

Article I-1

Establishment of the Union

1. Reflecting the will of the citizens and States of Europe to build a common future, this

Constitution establishes the European Union, on which the Member States confer competences to attain objectives they have in common. The Union shall coordinate the policies by which the

Member States aim to achieve these objectives, and shall exercise on a Community basis the

competences they confer on it.

2. The Union shall be open to all European States which respect its values and are committed to

promoting them together

Article I-2

The Union's values

The Union is founded on the values of respect for human dignity, freedom, democracy, equality, the rule of law and respect for human rights, including the rights of persons belonging to minorities.

These values are common to the Member States in a society in which pluralism, non-discrimination, tolerance, justice, solidarity and equality between women and men prevail.

Article I-3

The Union's objectives

1. The Union's aim is to promote peace, its values and the well-being of its peoples.

2. The Union shall offer its citizens an area of freedom, security and justice without internal

frontiers, and an internal market where competition is free and undistorted.

3. The Union shall work for the sustainable development of Europe based on balanced economic growth and price stability, a highly competitive social market economy, aiming at full employment and social progress, and a high level of protection and improvement of the quality of the environment. It shall promote scientific and technological advance.

It shall combat social exclusion and discrimination, and shall promote social justice and protection, equality between women and men, solidarity between generations and protection of the rights of the child.

It shall promote economic, social and territorial cohesion, and solidarity among Member States.

It shall respect its rich cultural and linguistic diversity, and shall ensure that Europe's cultural heritage is safeguarded and enhanced.

4. In its relations with the wider world, the Union shall uphold and promote its values and

interests. It shall contribute to peace, security, the sustainable development of the Earth, solidarity and mutual respect among peoples, free and fair trade, eradication of poverty and the protection of human rights, in particular the rights of the child, as well as to the strict observance and the development of international law, including respect for the principles of the United Nations Charter.

5. The Union shall pursue its objectives by appropriate means commensurate with the competences which are conferred upon it in the Constitution.

Article I-4

Fundamental freedoms and non-discrimination

1. The free movement of persons, services, goods and capital, and freedom of establishment shall be guaranteed within and by the Union, in accordance with the Constitution.

2. Within the scope of the Constitution, and without prejudice to any of its specific provisions, any discrimination on grounds of nationality shall be prohibited.

Article I-5

Relations between the Union and the Member States

1. The union shall respect the equality of Member States before the constitution as well as their

national identities, inherent in their fundamental structures, political and constitutional, inclusive of regional and local self-government. it shall respect their essential State functions, including ensuring the territorial integrity of the State, maintaining law and order and safeguarding national security.

2. Pursuant to the principle of sincere cooperation, the Union and the Member States shall, in full

mutual respect, assist each other in carrying out tasks which flow from the Constitution.

The Member States shall take any appropriate measure, general or particular, to ensure fulfilment of the obligations arising out of the Constitution or resulting from the acts of the institutions of the Union.

The Member States shall facilitate the achievement of the Union's tasks and refrain from any measure which could jeopardise the attainment of the Union's objectives.

Article I-9

Fundamental rights

1. The Union shall recognise the rights, freedoms and principles set out in the Charter of

Fundamental Rights which constitutes Part II.

2. The Union shall accede to the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and

Fundamental Freedoms. Such accession shall not affect the Union's competences as defined in the Constitution.

3. Fundamental rights, as guaranteed by the European Convention for the Protection of

Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and as they result from the constitutional traditions

common to the Member States, shall constitute general principles of the Union's law.

Article I-10

Citizenship of the Union

1. Every national of a Member State shall be a citizen of the Union. Citizenship of the Union shall

be additional to national citizenship and shall not replace it.

2. Citizens of the Union shall enjoy the rights and be subject to the duties provided for in the

Constitution. They shall have:

(a) the right to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States;

(b) the right to vote and to stand as candidates in elections to the European Parliament and in

municipal elections in their Member State of residence, under the same conditions as nationals of that State;

(c) the right to enjoy, in the territory of a third country in which the Member State of which they are nationals is not represented, the protection of the diplomatic and consular authorities of any

Member State on the same conditions as the nationals of that State;

(d) the right to petition the European Parliament, to apply to the European Ombudsman, and to

address the institutions and advisory bodies of the Union in any of the Constitution's languages

and to obtain a reply in the same language.

These rights shall be exercised in accordance with the conditions and limits defined by the

Constitution and by the measures adopted thereunder.

TITLE III

UNION COMPETENCES

Article I-11

Fundamental principles

1. The limits of Union competences are governed by the principle of conferral. The use of Union

competences is governed by the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality.

2. Under the principle of conferral, the Union shall act within the limits of the competences

conferred upon it by the Member States in the Constitution to attain the objectives set out in the

Constitution. Competences not conferred upon the Union in the Constitution remain with the

Member States.

3. Under the principle of subsidiarity, in areas which do not fall within its exclusive competence,

the Union shall act only if and insofar as the objectives of the proposed action cannot be sufficiently achieved by the Member States, either at central level or at regional and local level, but can rather, by reason of the scale or effects of the proposed action, be better achieved at Union level. The institutions of the Union shall apply the principle of subsidiarity as laid down in the Protocol on the application of the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality. National Parliaments shall ensure compliance with that principle in accordance with the procedure set out in that Protocol.

4. Under the principle of proportionality, the content and form of Union action shall not exceed

what is necessary to achieve the objectives of the Constitution.

The institutions of the Union shall apply the principle of proportionality as laid down in the Protocol on the application of the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality.

Writ of dissolution to the European Union, European Commission, European Parliament, and the European Council with reformation in writ of discovery, full disclosure, and transparency, to ensure a future free from fraud, human rights violation, war crimes, lack of socio-economic and political developments, and to ensure ethics, integrity, uniformity, and compliance with the law on a international basis. Furthermore, the reformation shall include no violation of statutes and all variants and variations thereof including fraudulent monarchs and monarchial presence, but shall recognize the legitimate monarch as McCalla, Christine Ann and all variations thereof and McCalla, Christine Ann Joseph Nicole, Barony, and all variations thereof. As was the custom with my bloodline at the time of Imposter, “Queen Victoria”, the chair of the monarchy belongs to the Barony. Get out!, set eternally, transferable and attached, et al.

Writ of prevention of the ascension of fraud including by bloodlines to European Union, European Commission, European Parliament, and the European Council with reformation in writ of discovery, full disclosure, and transparency, to ensure a future free from fraud, human rights violation, war crimes, lack of socio-economic and political developments, and to ensure ethics, integrity, uniformity, and compliance with the law on a international basis. Furthermore, writ of prevention to the ascension of infringements and imposters including monarchial presence, directoriates, governance, and members of governance, set eternally, transferable and attached, et al

0 notes

jakehglover · 6 years

Text

Why Colleges Hide the Truth

By Dr. Mercola

Decades of research show excess sugar damages your health, yet for many years the sugar industry was successful in burying the evidence and misdirecting the public.1,2 Industry-funded research is often bent on proving the efficacy of their product, in much the same way the sugar industry ensured their financial security by burying data demonstrating negative health effects.

One example is the anti-inflammatory medication Vioxx, which was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) after research demonstrated it was “scientifically proven” for arthritis. Only after causing an estimated 60,000 deaths was the drug finally pulled from the market.3

“Scientifically proven” has become a catchphrase used in published studies and is one the public and physicians can easily misinterpret. Research studies and statistics can be set up to demonstrate a drug or food is safe based on the initial question asked at the start of the study. This allows the researchers to orchestrate the results, increasing the perception that science has proven a concept, while in reality the data have been heavily manipulated to support a preconceived objective.

When applied appropriately and executed in an unbiased and unprejudiced manner, the scientific method works. Unfortunately, in the case of many studies the research is not unbiased or unprejudiced, leading to selective results serving the agenda of the industry funding the study. This is a serious flaw that ultimately affects your health care and one the industries are fighting to keep secret.

Your Right to Know Stands in the Way of Industry Interests

Your food choices may be guided by recommendations from friends, physicians and even advertising. These recommendations may take the form of dietary guidelines, such as those emanating from the sugar industry, as they continually seek to shift blame for heart disease to fats. Food manufacturers may make claims, as do yogurt companies about your intestinal health. However, these recommendations often conflict with independent research.

In his work to achieve greater transparency, Gary Ruskin, organizer at the consumer health watchdog organization U.S. Right to Know (USRTK), continues his investigation into the connections between food industries, agrochemical companies and universities where research is performed.4 Acting on a hunch that interactions between these groups would reveal secrets, Ruskin filed multiple freedom of information act (FOIA) requests to receive public records crucial to uncovering details of interactions between these groups.

A number of his requests have produced documents exposing relationships between companies like Syngenta and Monsanto and universities, such as the University of Florida. Large agrochemical companies are fighting to keep these ties a secret, as they speak volumes about the research bias underlying many health recommendations today.

In an effort to complete his search of publicly-accessible records not released in the FOIA request, he filed a lawsuit against the University of Florida alleging they violated the Florida Sunshine Law.5

The Sunshine Law6 provides a right of access to governmental proceedings at the state and local levels to any gathering where two or more members of the same board discuss actions that may come before the board. In a press release discussing the lawsuit against the University of Florida, Ruskin states:7

“We are conducting an investigation of the food and agrochemical industries, their front groups and public relations operatives, their ties to universities, and the health risks of their products. The public has the right to know if and when taxpayer-funded universities and academics are collaborating with corporations to promote their products and viewpoints. We seek these records to learn more about the University of Florida's collaboration with the agrochemical industry.”

Legal Wranglings Deepen

While we may hope influence of the scope demonstrated by the sugar industry won't happen again, only transparency will alleviate this concern. It is apparent industries and universities have no desire to assure public health by opening their records to scrutiny. In an effort to squash the lawsuit against the University of Florida, Drew Kershen, retired University of Oklahoma professor who has served on the board of directors of companies with ties to Monsanto, argued these documents would violate his privacy.

The motion for summary judgment was denied. Subsequently, Kershen filed a discovery request in order to question Ruskin about why he wants the records in the first place.

Michael Morrissey, cofounder of MuckRock — a nonprofit collaborative news site for journalists, researchers, activists and citizens to request and share government documents8 — believes this line of questioning is concerning,9 because if the information is open to one person, it is open to everyone and it should not matter why the requester is asking for documentation.

Food Industry Uses Academics to Push Their Agenda

Links between the sugar industry and researchers, or between agrochemical companies and researchers, are not the only two associations the food industry has had as they seek to push their financially-driven agenda on the American people. USRTK maintains an investigation page on their website10 where findings are listed on topics such as Coca-Cola, glyphosate and Disney-funded food research. Journalists use this documentation in developing articles about manufacturers and industry giants.

For instance, an article in Forbes11 using data discovered by USRTK outlines the connection between Coca-Cola and researchers who compared diet soda to water and found sodas were healthier; a study where subjects switched from regular to diet soda to lose weight, and one which questioned the methodology in a study finding a link between soda and diabetes. Each of these studies came to a favorable conclusion for the Coca-Cola Co. and each were paid for, or financially supported by, Coca-Cola.

Universities are also involved in another hot button health concern: genetically modified foods. In 2015 The New York Times12 exposed University of Florida professor Kevin Folta as an industry-funded third-party expert on genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Folta, who had vehemently denied ever receiving any money from Monsanto, was caught having been less than forthright about his conflicts of interest when his email correspondence with Monsanto was released in response to one of USRTK’s FOIA requests.

In response, Folta sued The New York Times,13 also filing a subpoena against Ruskin and two other employees, essentially demanding the organization produce over 100,000 documents. While FOIA public records are available under federal law, they reveal details of relationships between organizations and industries affecting public health. In a new diversionary strategy, private parties are attempting to prevent disclosure of documentation supporting their involvement, thus holding up the entire process.

Blocking Conflict of Interest Issues Requires Secure Safeguards

In an op-ed published in the Journal of the American Medical Association,14 Dr. Dariush Mozaffarian, of the Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts University, discusses the conflict of interest existing between the food industry and nutritional research, making several salient points.15 He notes:

National Institutes of Health funding has decreased by 22 percent in the decade leading to 2013, with only a small fraction of the budget supporting nutritional research.

At the same time total spending for research on nutrition across all federal agencies was approximately $1.5 billion per year, compared to $60 billion spent on drugs, biotechnology and medical devices.

Since a substantial burden of diet related diseases and scarce federal funding increases danger to the public, there must be greater alignment between public health and the mission of nutritional research in order projects do not exploit public good.

Industry sponsors should have no role in project design, implementation, analysis or interpretation of the data.

Funding must be transparent and fully acknowledged.

Universities Motivated to Protect Academics and Financial Associations

In documentation released from the University of Florida, Folta instructed Monsanto on how to avoid disclosing funding for his work by depositing money into the University's Special Help for Agricultural Research and Education (SHARE) contribution account.

Universities have strict conflict of interest rules in place, but the foundation can receive contributions and then issue money to the individual researcher’s program, thereby circumventing the conflict of interest rules. This loophole exists because the foundation operates as a separate, nonpublic entity.

Although it's in the best public health interest to avoid conflict of interests between those doing the research and those funding it, most donations to university foundations are granted a waiver for indirect costs, expenses necessary for the operation of the organization, such as salaries for accountants, but not associated with one particular department.

By being granted a waiver for indirect costs, corporations can essentially piggyback their donations onto students and taxpayers and simultaneously keep their funding hidden. As noted by the sponsored research administration at Florida State University:16

"It is important to remember that the inclusion of these charges results in the support of research efforts across the campus. To request waivers of negotiated and allowable charges means a decreased SRAD [Sponsored Research and Development Trust Fund] pool and a corresponding reduction in the research and creative activities that the university stimulates and supports."

Hidden Ties Influence Research Results and Your Health

Hidden ties between university researchers and industry affects your health care as biased research influences your physician’s decisions. Publication bias affects every field of medicine, and positive findings are twice as likely to be published as negative ones. Nearly half of the clinical trials by drug companies have not come to light in the past decade.

For example, prompted by trial litigation, researchers sifted through previous data determining the safety of the antidepressant drug Paxil, finding evidence contradicting the drug company’s claim that the drug was safe for teens.17 Former editor-in-chief of the New England Journal of Medicine, Dr. Marcia Angell, believes the record may also be distorted by what is not said as much as what is published. She commented:18

"Any reputable journal is at the mercy of what is submitted to it and must choose from whatever comes over the transom. Many studies never see the light of day because their findings are negative. There is a heavy bias toward positive studies, and this negative bias is a real problem. A company may conduct 1,000 trials; if two are positive, they get FDA approval and are published. The other 998 never see the light of day."

Funding Significantly Influences Research Results

In an effort to assess the level of research bias in industry-funded studies, researchers analyzed 60 published studies that looked at the health effects of soda, examining potential links between funding sources and study outcomes.19 Essentially, what they wanted to know was whether negative studies (studies that failed to find an association between sugary beverages and obesity and diabetes) were more likely to have received industry funding than positive studies.

As suspected, of the 60 studies, 26 found no link between sugary drinks and obesity or diabetes and ALL were funded by the beverage industry. In the 34 studies where a relationship was found, only one had received industry funding. As noted by the researchers,20 "This industry seems to be manipulating contemporary scientific processes to create controversy and advance their business interests at the expense of the public's health."

Indeed, there’s plenty of evidence to suggest industry-funded “science” undermines public health while creating financial windfall for manufacturers. Until safeguards are instituted to eliminate the influence manufacturers have on scientific outcome, it will be important to evaluate the funding behind any recommendations you decide to take to heart.

from HealthyLife via Jake Glover on Inoreader https://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2018/03/14/why-colleges-hide-the-truth.aspx

0 notes

terriclare576-blog · 7 years

Text

N11tn Electricity Scam: ICC Hears SERAP's Petition

The International Criminal Court in The Hague is considering the petition on the allegations of widespread, systematic and large-scale corruption in the electricity sector since the return of democracy in 1999 and under the governments of former presidents Olusegun Obasanjo, Umaru Musa Yar’Adua and Goodluck Jonathan in Nigeria, anti-corruption advocacy group Socio-Economic Rights and Accountability Project (SERAP) has confirmed.

In a statement today by SERAP deputy director Timothy Adewale the organization said that, "SERAP can confirm that the ICC is now considering our petition. We have received communication from Mark P. Dillon, Head of Information and Evidence Unit of the ICC indicating that the court will give due consideration to our petition."

According to SERAP, the information is contained in a letter with reference number OTP-CR-245/17 received by the organization today. SERAP quoted the letter as reading in part: "This communication has been duly entered in the Communications Register of the Office.

We will give consideration to this communication, as appropriate, in accordance with the provisions of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. As soon as a decision is reached, we will inform you, in writing, and provide you with reasons for this decision."

Timothy Adewale said: "SERAP appreciates the prompt attention to this matter by the ICC. We urge the court to pursue this matter to a satisfactory conclusion by taking the case forward as required by the provisions of the Rome Statute, and ensuring a thorough investigation and prosecution of suspected perpetrators of grand corruption in the electricity sector in Nigeria."

It would be recalled that SERAP last week sent a petition to Mrs. Fatou Bensouda Prosecutor the ICC asking her to use her "good offices and leadership position to investigate whether the allegations of widespread, systematic and large-scale corruption in the electricity sector since the return of democracy in 1999 and under the governments of former presidents Olusegun Obasanjo, Umaru Musa Yar’Adua and Goodluck Jonathan in Nigeria amount to crimes against humanity within the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court, and to prevail on the Nigerian government to surrender all suspected perpetrators for trial by the ICC."

Office of The Prosecutor Nigeria is a state party to the Rome Statute and deposited its instrument of ratification on 27 September 2001.

In the petition dated 16 August 2017 and signed by SERAP deputy director Timothy Adewale the organization said that, "allegations of corruption in the electricity sector in Nigeria have had catastrophic effects on the lives of millions of Nigerians, akin to crimes against humanity as contemplated under the Rome Statue and within the jurisdiction of the Court."

According to SERAP, "The Rome Statute in article 7 defines ‘crime against humanity’ to include ‘inhumane acts causing great suffering or injury,’ committed in a widespread or systematic manner against a civilian population. The common denominator of crimes against humanity is that they are grave affronts to human security and dignity. Therefore, the staggering amounts of public funds alleged to have been stolen over the years in the electricity sector create just these consequences. Crimes against humanity are not only physical violence; allegations of corruption in the electricity sector hold a comparable gravity, which the Prosecutor should examine and thoroughly investigate."

The petition reads in part: "The elements that need to be established to prove a "crime against humanity "under article 7(1)(k) of the Rome Statute are that, the perpetrator inflicted great suffering or serious injury by means of an inhumane act; that the perpetrator was aware of the circumstances, and that the act was committed within a widespread or systematic attack on a civilian population; and that the perpetrator knew of that link."

"The consequences of allegations of corruption in the electricity sector are similar to those of the offences in article 7(1). Corrupt officials and corrupt contractors in the electricity sector know well that their conduct is criminal and injurious, and the denial of human dignity coupled with a radical breach of solemn trust, aggravate their alleged crime."

"SERAP considers these allegations of widespread and systematic corruption in the electricity sector as amounting to crimes against humanity and therefore clear violations of the provisions of the Rome Statute of International Criminal Court. SERAP believes that these allegations have given rise to individual criminal responsibility of those suspected of perpetrating corruption in the electricity sector, as entrenched in the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court."

"SERAP considers the apparent failure of successive governments and high-ranking government officials to prevent widespread and systematic corruption in the electricity sector as amounting to complicity under the Rome Statute. SERAP therefore believes that the widespread and systemic nature of large scale corruption in the electricity sector fits the legal requirements of a crime against humanity."

"The 2006 Commonwealth working group on asset repatriation specifically refers to corruption including in the electricity sector being defined as an international crime. SERAP believes an international investigation by the ICC would complement the anticorruption initiatives by the current government and contribute to ending a culture of impunity of perpetrators."

"SERAP believes that substantial grounds exist to warrant the intervention of the Prosecutor in this case. Pursuant to the Rome Statute, the Prosecutor has power to intervene in a situation under the jurisdiction of the Court if the Security Council or states parties refer a situation or if information is provided from other sources such as the information SERAP is providing in this case."

"SERAP is seriously concerned that the instances of corruption highlighted above and details of which are contained in the enclosed From Darkness to Darkness report are not isolated events, but illustrate the widespread and systematic nature of large scale corruption in the electricity sector under the governments of former presidents Olusegun Obasanjo, Umaru Musa Yar’Adua and Goodluck Jonathan. This level of corruption has limited access to and affordability of electricity in Nigeria."

"Widespread, systemic and large-scale corruption in the electricity sector and the lack of transparency and accountability in the use of public funds to support the operations of Discos have resulted in regular blackouts and disproportionately affected the most disadvantaged and vulnerable sectors of the population who cannot readily afford expensive generators in order to have a reliable power supply. The situation is not likely to improve considering that the production of electricity is not proportionate with the rapidly growing population."

"The African Commission on Human and People’s Rights has adjudged the failure of the States "to provide basic services such as (…) electricity" as violating the right to health." SERAP argues that Nigeria is bound to make full use of the resources available to ensure regular and uninterrupted supply of electricity, even in times of resource constraints. Under international law, vulnerable members of the society must be protected by the adoption of relatively low-cost targeted programmes even in times of severe resources constraints."

"SERAP also notes that allegations of corruption in the energy sector have resulted in the epileptic and interrupted supply of electricity and corresponding deprivation and denial of the citizens’ access to quality healthcare, adequate food, shelter, clothing, water, sanitation, medical care, schooling, and access to information."

"SERAP notes that lack of access to uninterrupted energy/electricity services has forced many citizens to use and collect frequently contaminated surface water for drinking and household uses; and denied the citizens the ability and services for boiling, purifying, disinfecting, and storing water, as well as for irrigation to increase the productivity of lands, thereby decreasing the availability of food supplies and undermining employment opportunities."

The report also said that, "The total estimated financial loss to Nigeria from corruption in the electricity sector starting from the return to democracy in 1999 to date is over Eleven Trillion Naira (N11 Trillion Naira). This represents public funds, private equity and social investment (or divestments) in the power sector.

0 notes

lesserofthe2weevils · 7 years

Text

The Case for Legalization (An Excerpt from My Political Philosophy Paper)

To Each Their Own: The Case for Legalization In American culture, a major emphasis is placed on liberty and personal freedom. These values are the cornerstone of the American Dream. Though most don’t know it, the prevailing mindset across the country resembles greatly an ideology known as Utilitarianism. Utilitarianism was outlined by a philosopher known as John Stuart Mill, who argues that “actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness. By happiness is intended pleasure, and the absence of pain; by unhappiness, pain, and the privation of pleasure." In essence, utilitarianism argues that what is right is what produces the most happiness, or utility, and what is wrong causes pain and no pleasure. In America, citizens expect to be able to do pretty much whatever they want, but at what point does one individual’s right to freedom encroach on another’s? Where does the government draw the line? After all, the government has a responsibility to protect its citizens. The answer lies in what is known as the “harm principle.” The harm principle, also presented by Mills, states that the government has no right to interfere with the personal actions of anyone so long as that choice does not harm anyone else, even if that person is harming themselves. Mills attempts to give a solid definition of what exactly constitutes as harm, lest the principle be used to oppress people, with something as subjective as offense not quite making the cut. In order to qualify as harm, an action must “an action must be injurious or set back important interests of particular people, interests in which they have rights.” Unless an action violates this principle, the government, by virtue of Mill’s utilitarianism and liberalism, has no right to interfere or even sanction the action. It is almost hypocritical that this breed of utilitarianism--maximizing happiness as long as no one is harmed--would seem to be the underlying prevailing mindset when recreational drugs, an almost textbook example of increasing utility and, harming nobody but the users themselves, completely within the jurisdiction of the harm principle, are illegal across the United States, with the exception of marijuana, which is illegal across the majority of the United States. Since utilitarianism focuses on the overall wellbeing and happiness of the population, the arguments for the war on drugs, harm to the drug-user his or herself notwithstanding, do have some merit. The black market for drugs, for example, is rife with violence and, as is the nature of illegal markets, highly unregulated, which can lead to improperly prepared products and easy access for minors. Minors themselves are not included in Mill’s interpretation of liberty, as children are “not in the maturity of their faculties” and lack the capacity to exercise liberty in a responsible way. Therefor, drug use by children would indeed fall outside the protection of the harm principle, since children cannot be trusted to use freedom responsibly. All of these side effects of the black market not only decrease the utility of all directly involved, but also spread fear, which decreases the utility of an even broader sphere. While completely criminalizing drugs at first seems like a logical solution, further examination of the ramifications of such an action will tell us otherwise. To declare a substance or action illegal does not guarantee the cooperation of the population. If people want to use drugs, they will continue to use drugs, only now the government has forced them to resort to illegal means. This cycle is known to be true because not only is it happening right now, it has also happened before in the form of prohibition. When the government banned alcohol in 1920, it did not stop the consumption of alcohol. Instead, it shifted the market into the dark and gave birth to organized crime as networks of illegal alcohol dealers began to surface. The same thing is happening today. The illegal market for drugs has given rise to a new ring of organized crime: drug cartels. "The cartels routinely torture and slaughter, they put their decapitations out on video clips. (ISIS has only ripped a page from the cartel playbook.) They've depopulated entire villages, co-opted police and government. They're now heavily involved in human trafficking, with a twist -- they kidnap immigrant families, force the husband or a brother to mule drugs across the border by threatening to kill the family, and then often kill them anyway." All of this violence does not take into account the individual violence that an illegal market can lead to. A person seeking to purchase drugs may fall victim to assault, having to do business in a shady manor and no legal options for protection or justice after the fact. To legalize recreational drugs such as marijuana would increase utility all around by disrupting the black market and denying cartels the customer base they need to continue to operate, thereby preventing almost all of this violence. Furthermore, the state by state legalization has already proven that providing a safe, regulated market ends the reign of terror the cartels have ascended to. Seizures of marijuana at the border are down almost 40% since several states in the U.S. have legalized it, The Washington Post reported. Mexican marijuana traffickers will tell you that it's not worth it anymore -- they can't compete with the domestic American price and quality. The wholesale price of Mexican marijuana has dropped from $100 a kilogram to $25. Growers in Durango and Sinaloa have stopped planting the crop.” Those who fall victim to the violence that isn’t prevented will then have a viable and accessible means for justice. Additionally, the legalization of recreational drugs will necessitate a regulated market, in which quality is controlled, customers can be sure of what they are receiving, and sales to minors can be eliminated, especially as the black market withers away. While the push that would come to be known as the war on drugs officially started in the 1960’s, the roots of the movement come from earlier on in the 1920s. "After the Mexican Revolution of 1910, Mexican immigrants flooded into the U.S., introducing to American culture the recreational use of marijuana. The drug became associated with the immigrants, and the fear and prejudice about the Spanish-speaking newcomers became associated with marijuana. Anti-drug campaigners warned against the encroaching "Marijuana Menace," and terrible crimes were attributed to marijuana and the Mexicans who used it." With inherently racist beginnings, it is no wonder that the war on drugs continues to this day to target people of color. Despite an equal amount of drug use across black and white population, black people are incarcerated at higher rates: "And there are many more racial dimensions of the drug war. African-Americans do not use drugs more than white people; whites and blacks use drugs at almost exactly the same rates. And since there are five times as many whites as blacks in the United States, it follows that the overwhelming majority of drug users are white. Nevertheless, African-Americans are admitted to state prisons at a rate that is 13.4 times greater than whites, a disparity driven largely by the grossly racial targeting of drug laws. In some states, even those outside the Old Confederacy, blacks make up 90% of drug prisoners and are up to 57 times more likely than whites to be incarcerated for drug crimes." In fact, the very nature of the relationship between laws pertaining to crack-cocaine as compared to powdered cocaine have been shown to have racially motivated ill-intentions: "The scientifically unjustifiable 100:1 ratio meant that people faced longer sentences for offenses involving crack cocaine than for offenses involving the same amount of powder cocaine – two forms of the same drug. Most disturbingly, because the majority of people arrested for crack offenses are African American, the 100:1 ratio resulted in vast racial disparities in the average length of sentences for comparable offenses. On average, under the 100:1 regime, African Americans served virtually as much time in prison for non-violent drug offenses as whites did for violent offenses." Recently, the Fair Sentencing Act was passed, a ten year bipartisan effort to reduce the disparity between sentencings for possession of the two forms of the drug. Legalization of recreational drugs will remove a tool of institutionalized racism, increasing the utility and reducing the pain of marginalized people. "More people are in jail for marijuana possession alone than all violent crime combined. All of these people are in jail at the expense of the American taxpayer, for simply having a good time. This is a major drain of utility, with those incarcerated and the families and friends of those incarcerated suffering on a daily basis. Even after being released from jail, a combination of social disdain and the classification of drug possession being a felony hinders, if not prevents, a resumption of normal life. Such a large section of society, from employers to distributors of financial aid, reserves the right to deny an applicant based on criminal history. Under the Higher Education Act of 1998, “any drug conviction blocks or delays all federal educational assistance, including loans and even work-study programs…” This denial of necessary funds is specific to drug use, explains Graham Boyd, founder and director of the ACLU Drug Policy Litigation Project: “Murder and rape do not render a person ineligible; someone could burn a nursery or bomb a federal building and still receive financial aid, but smoking marijuana in the privacy of one's own room means a student risks losing financial aid and having to leave college or graduate school.” The system is designed to set drug-users up for failure by denying them access to education and any kind of well paying or self sustaining job. These people may have no choice but to resort to more crime or join the welfare system, both of which result in a drain of tax dollars. As the state of the country stands, it is estimated that the war on drugs costs the American taxpayers around 41,000,000,000 a year. Legalization would decrease the amount of people in jail drastically, allowing those very tax dollars to be repurposed in ways that better benefit the community. Additionally, with the legalization of recreational drugs, thousands of jobs would be created, economic activity would be stimulated, and millions upon millions of dollars worth of taxes could be collected, benefiting public schools, parks, services, and infrastructure. Colorado is a prime example of such benefits: "Legal weed created 18,005 full-time jobs and added about $2.4 billion to the state’s economy [in 2015], an analysis from the Marijuana Policy Group (MPG) shows,” deputy director of economic policy at news outlet ThinkProgress summarizes, “Between the dollars that customers spend and the money business people invest in their crops and shops, pot is generating more wealth and activity than almost anything else on a pound-for-pound basis. Every dollar spent in the industry generates between $2.13 and $2.40 in economic activity. Only federal government spending has a higher multiplier.” Such investments in the local economy drastically raise the standard of living, again increasing utility for not only those who ingest marijuana, but for the rest of the community as well. One can only imagine the economic activity that could be generated across the country if legalization were to occur at the federal level. After all of this, options remain for cases when addiction causes harm to people who no longer want to use recreational drugs. Rehab centers, support groups following the format of Alcoholics Anonymous, and medical assistance are all options open to those who suffer from addiction. Such methods have already been shown to work in countries such as the Czech Republic, the Netherlands, and Portugal. With so much utility generated from legalization, and with legalization being so in tune with America’s liberty song, it seems rather counterintuitive to continue pouring millions of dollars into the prohibition of recreational drugs. Perhaps it speaks to a larger theme of humanity’s stubborn refusal to admit to its errors. Unfortunately, pride cannot come at the cost of the countless human lives jeopardized by black market violence and systemic bureaucratic persecution. No longer can we sit around and justify this blatant disregard for utility. We, as the people of the United States of America, must come together to protect our fellow citizens and people across the world, and end the war on drugs. Bibliography Boyd, Graham. "The Drug War is the New Jim Crow." American Civil Liberties Union. Accessed April 29, 2017. Branson, Richard. "War on drugs a trillion-dollar failure." CNN. December 07, 2012. Accessed April 29, 2017. Brink, David. "Mill's Moral and Political Philosophy." Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. October 09, 2007. Accessed April 29, 2017. "Fair Sentencing Act." American Civil Liberties Union. 2015. Accessed April 29, 2017. Funkhouser, Mark. "State Marijuana Laws in 2017 Map." March 23, 2017. Accessed April 29, 2017. Gwynne, Kristen. "These Four Countries Prove That Decriminalization Works Better Than Prohibition." TheInfluence. March 14, 2016. Accessed April 29, 2017. PBS. "Marijuana Timeline." PBS. Accessed April 29, 2017. Pyke, Alan. "Marijuana's $2.4 billion impact in Colorado is a lesson for 5 states considering legalization." ThinkProgress. October 28, 2016. Accessed April 29, 2017. Stauffer, Brian. "Every 25 Seconds: The Human Toll of Criminalizing Drug Use in the United States." Human Rights Watch. March 02, 2017. Accessed April 29, 2017. Winslow, Don. "U.S. war on drugs empowers Mexico cartels (Opinion)." CNN. June 28, 2015. Accessed April 29, 2017.

#weed #legalizeit #legalize weed #420

0 notes

christineamccalla · 5 years

Text

Education dilemma and other international predicaments, by McCalla, Christine Ann

From: McCalla, Christine Ann and all variations thereof

To: Interpol and all variations thereof

Date: Monday, January 22, 2018

Re: Education dilemma and other international predicaments

The European Union has asserted several facts that are questionable in regards to the constraints involved and created by the document CONSOLIDATED VERSION OF

HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF THE BELGIANS, HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN OF DENMARK, THE PRESIDENT OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY, THE PRESIDENT OF IRELAND, THE PRESIDENT OF THE HELLENIC REPUBLIC,

RESOLVED to establish a citizenship common to nationals of their countries,

interests and contribute to the protection of its citizens. It shall contribute to peace, security, the

6. The Union shall pursue its objectives by appropriate means commensurate

Article 4

1. In accordance with Article 5, competences not conferred upon the Union in the Treaties

remain with the Member States.

2. The Union shall respect the equality of Member States before the Treaties as well as their

3. Pursuant to the principle of sincere cooperation, the Union and the Member States shall, in full

mutual respect, assist each other in carrying out tasks which flow from the Treaties.

McCalla, Christine Ann and all variations thereof has had to prosecute her own crimes which resulted in an advantage to her as no one can undue influence and advantage over her.

(ex Article 7 TEU), WHEREIN THE ENTIRE ARTICLE HAS HELD THE EUROPEAN NATIONS ACCOUNTABLE FOR ITS FRAUDULENT ACTIONS.

Article 7

(ex Article 7 TEU)

1. On a reasoned proposal by one third of the Member States, by the European Parliament or by

the European Commission, the Council, acting by a majority of four fifths of its members after

obtaining the consent of the European Parliament, may determine that there is a clear risk of a

serious breach by a Member State of the values referred to in Article 2. Before making such a

determination, the Council shall hear the Member State in question and may address recommen

dations to it, acting in accordance with the same procedure.

The Council shall regularly verify that the grounds on which such a determination was made

continue to apply.

2. The European Council, acting by unanimity on a proposal by one third of the Member States

3. Where a determination under paragraph 2 has been made, the Council, acting by a qualified

4. The Council, acting by a qualified majority, may decide subsequently to vary or revoke

measures taken under paragraph 3 in response to changes in the situation which led to their

being imposed.

5. The voting arrangements applying to the European Parliament, the European Council and

the Council for the purposes of this Article are laid down in Article 354 of the Treaty on the

Functioning of the European Union.

Article I-1

Establishment of the Union

1. Reflecting the will of the citizens and States of Europe to build a common future, this

Constitution establishes the European Union, on which the Member States confer competences to attain objectives they have in common. The Union shall coordinate the policies by which the

Member States aim to achieve these objectives, and shall exercise on a Community basis the

competences they confer on it.

2. The Union shall be open to all European States which respect its values and are committed to

promoting them together

Article I-2

The Union's values

The Union is founded on the values of respect for human dignity, freedom, democracy, equality, the rule of law and respect for human rights, including the rights of persons belonging to minorities.

These values are common to the Member States in a society in which pluralism, non-discrimination, tolerance, justice, solidarity and equality between women and men prevail.

Article I-3

The Union's objectives

1. The Union's aim is to promote peace, its values and the well-being of its peoples.

2. The Union shall offer its citizens an area of freedom, security and justice without internal

frontiers, and an internal market where competition is free and undistorted.

It shall promote economic, social and territorial cohesion, and solidarity among Member States.

It shall respect its rich cultural and linguistic diversity, and shall ensure that Europe's cultural heritage is safeguarded and enhanced.

4. In its relations with the wider world, the Union shall uphold and promote its values and

5. The Union shall pursue its objectives by appropriate means commensurate with the competences which are conferred upon it in the Constitution.

Article I-4

Fundamental freedoms and non-discrimination

1. The free movement of persons, services, goods and capital, and freedom of establishment shall be guaranteed within and by the Union, in accordance with the Constitution.

2. Within the scope of the Constitution, and without prejudice to any of its specific provisions, any discrimination on grounds of nationality shall be prohibited.

Article I-5

Relations between the Union and the Member States

1. The union shall respect the equality of Member States before the constitution as well as their

2. Pursuant to the principle of sincere cooperation, the Union and the Member States shall, in full

mutual respect, assist each other in carrying out tasks which flow from the Constitution.

The Member States shall facilitate the achievement of the Union's tasks and refrain from any measure which could jeopardise the attainment of the Union's objectives.

Article I-9

Fundamental rights

1. The Union shall recognise the rights, freedoms and principles set out in the Charter of

Fundamental Rights which constitutes Part II.

2. The Union shall accede to the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and

Fundamental Freedoms. Such accession shall not affect the Union's competences as defined in the Constitution.

3. Fundamental rights, as guaranteed by the European Convention for the Protection of

Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and as they result from the constitutional traditions

common to the Member States, shall constitute general principles of the Union's law.

Article I-10

Citizenship of the Union

1. Every national of a Member State shall be a citizen of the Union. Citizenship of the Union shall

be additional to national citizenship and shall not replace it.

2. Citizens of the Union shall enjoy the rights and be subject to the duties provided for in the

Constitution. They shall have:

(a) the right to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States;

(b) the right to vote and to stand as candidates in elections to the European Parliament and in

municipal elections in their Member State of residence, under the same conditions as nationals of that State;

(c) the right to enjoy, in the territory of a third country in which the Member State of which they are nationals is not represented, the protection of the diplomatic and consular authorities of any

Member State on the same conditions as the nationals of that State;

(d) the right to petition the European Parliament, to apply to the European Ombudsman, and to

address the institutions and advisory bodies of the Union in any of the Constitution's languages

and to obtain a reply in the same language.

These rights shall be exercised in accordance with the conditions and limits defined by the

Constitution and by the measures adopted thereunder.

TITLE III

UNION COMPETENCES

Article I-11

Fundamental principles

1. The limits of Union competences are governed by the principle of conferral. The use of Union

competences is governed by the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality.

2. Under the principle of conferral, the Union shall act within the limits of the competences

conferred upon it by the Member States in the Constitution to attain the objectives set out in the

Constitution. Competences not conferred upon the Union in the Constitution remain with the

Member States.

3. Under the principle of subsidiarity, in areas which do not fall within its exclusive competence,

4. Under the principle of proportionality, the content and form of Union action shall not exceed

what is necessary to achieve the objectives of the Constitution.

The institutions of the Union shall apply the principle of proportionality as laid down in the Protocol on the application of the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality.

0 notes

christineamccalla · 5 years

Text

Education dilemma and other international predicaments, by McCalla, Christine Ann

From: McCalla, Christine Ann and all variations thereof

To: Interpol and all variations thereof

Date: Monday, January 22, 2018

Re: Education dilemma and other international predicaments

The European Union has asserted several facts that are questionable in regards to the constraints involved and created by the document CONSOLIDATED VERSION OF

HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF THE BELGIANS, HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN OF DENMARK, THE PRESIDENT OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY, THE PRESIDENT OF IRELAND, THE PRESIDENT OF THE HELLENIC REPUBLIC,

RESOLVED to establish a citizenship common to nationals of their countries,

interests and contribute to the protection of its citizens. It shall contribute to peace, security, the

6. The Union shall pursue its objectives by appropriate means commensurate

Article 4

1. In accordance with Article 5, competences not conferred upon the Union in the Treaties

remain with the Member States.

2. The Union shall respect the equality of Member States before the Treaties as well as their

3. Pursuant to the principle of sincere cooperation, the Union and the Member States shall, in full

mutual respect, assist each other in carrying out tasks which flow from the Treaties.

McCalla, Christine Ann and all variations thereof has had to prosecute her own crimes which resulted in an advantage to her as no one can undue influence and advantage over her.

(ex Article 7 TEU), WHEREIN THE ENTIRE ARTICLE HAS HELD THE EUROPEAN NATIONS ACCOUNTABLE FOR ITS FRAUDULENT ACTIONS.

Article 7

(ex Article 7 TEU)

1. On a reasoned proposal by one third of the Member States, by the European Parliament or by

the European Commission, the Council, acting by a majority of four fifths of its members after

obtaining the consent of the European Parliament, may determine that there is a clear risk of a

serious breach by a Member State of the values referred to in Article 2. Before making such a

determination, the Council shall hear the Member State in question and may address recommen

dations to it, acting in accordance with the same procedure.

The Council shall regularly verify that the grounds on which such a determination was made

continue to apply.

2. The European Council, acting by unanimity on a proposal by one third of the Member States

3. Where a determination under paragraph 2 has been made, the Council, acting by a qualified

4. The Council, acting by a qualified majority, may decide subsequently to vary or revoke

measures taken under paragraph 3 in response to changes in the situation which led to their

being imposed.

5. The voting arrangements applying to the European Parliament, the European Council and

the Council for the purposes of this Article are laid down in Article 354 of the Treaty on the

Functioning of the European Union.

Article I-1

Establishment of the Union

1. Reflecting the will of the citizens and States of Europe to build a common future, this

Constitution establishes the European Union, on which the Member States confer competences to attain objectives they have in common. The Union shall coordinate the policies by which the

Member States aim to achieve these objectives, and shall exercise on a Community basis the

competences they confer on it.

2. The Union shall be open to all European States which respect its values and are committed to

promoting them together

Article I-2

The Union's values

The Union is founded on the values of respect for human dignity, freedom, democracy, equality, the rule of law and respect for human rights, including the rights of persons belonging to minorities.

These values are common to the Member States in a society in which pluralism, non-discrimination, tolerance, justice, solidarity and equality between women and men prevail.

Article I-3

The Union's objectives

1. The Union's aim is to promote peace, its values and the well-being of its peoples.

2. The Union shall offer its citizens an area of freedom, security and justice without internal

frontiers, and an internal market where competition is free and undistorted.

It shall promote economic, social and territorial cohesion, and solidarity among Member States.

It shall respect its rich cultural and linguistic diversity, and shall ensure that Europe's cultural heritage is safeguarded and enhanced.

4. In its relations with the wider world, the Union shall uphold and promote its values and

5. The Union shall pursue its objectives by appropriate means commensurate with the competences which are conferred upon it in the Constitution.

Article I-4

Fundamental freedoms and non-discrimination

1. The free movement of persons, services, goods and capital, and freedom of establishment shall be guaranteed within and by the Union, in accordance with the Constitution.

2. Within the scope of the Constitution, and without prejudice to any of its specific provisions, any discrimination on grounds of nationality shall be prohibited.

Article I-5

Relations between the Union and the Member States

1. The union shall respect the equality of Member States before the constitution as well as their

2. Pursuant to the principle of sincere cooperation, the Union and the Member States shall, in full

mutual respect, assist each other in carrying out tasks which flow from the Constitution.

The Member States shall facilitate the achievement of the Union's tasks and refrain from any measure which could jeopardise the attainment of the Union's objectives.

Article I-9

Fundamental rights

1. The Union shall recognise the rights, freedoms and principles set out in the Charter of

Fundamental Rights which constitutes Part II.

2. The Union shall accede to the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and

Fundamental Freedoms. Such accession shall not affect the Union's competences as defined in the Constitution.

3. Fundamental rights, as guaranteed by the European Convention for the Protection of

Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and as they result from the constitutional traditions

common to the Member States, shall constitute general principles of the Union's law.

Article I-10

Citizenship of the Union

1. Every national of a Member State shall be a citizen of the Union. Citizenship of the Union shall

be additional to national citizenship and shall not replace it.

2. Citizens of the Union shall enjoy the rights and be subject to the duties provided for in the

Constitution. They shall have:

(a) the right to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States;

(b) the right to vote and to stand as candidates in elections to the European Parliament and in

municipal elections in their Member State of residence, under the same conditions as nationals of that State;

(c) the right to enjoy, in the territory of a third country in which the Member State of which they are nationals is not represented, the protection of the diplomatic and consular authorities of any

Member State on the same conditions as the nationals of that State;

(d) the right to petition the European Parliament, to apply to the European Ombudsman, and to

address the institutions and advisory bodies of the Union in any of the Constitution's languages

and to obtain a reply in the same language.

These rights shall be exercised in accordance with the conditions and limits defined by the

Constitution and by the measures adopted thereunder.

TITLE III

UNION COMPETENCES

Article I-11

Fundamental principles

1. The limits of Union competences are governed by the principle of conferral. The use of Union

competences is governed by the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality.

2. Under the principle of conferral, the Union shall act within the limits of the competences

conferred upon it by the Member States in the Constitution to attain the objectives set out in the

Constitution. Competences not conferred upon the Union in the Constitution remain with the

Member States.

3. Under the principle of subsidiarity, in areas which do not fall within its exclusive competence,

4. Under the principle of proportionality, the content and form of Union action shall not exceed

what is necessary to achieve the objectives of the Constitution.

The institutions of the Union shall apply the principle of proportionality as laid down in the Protocol on the application of the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality.

0 notes