Monthly Review July 2020
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Monthly Review July 2020
Europe
The United States is redeploying troops within Europe
On July 29, US Defense Secretary Mark Esper said that the US will withdraw 11,900 military personnel from Germany, reducing its contingent in this country from about 36,000 to 24,000.
Esper also specified that 4,500 armored troops will go home, while other units will continue to be deployed on a rotational basis in the Black Sea region to “strengthen deterrence of Russia and to ensure the security of the allies on the south-eastern flank. A “fighter squadron and elements of a fighter wing” will be relocated to Italy.
The rotation of US forces in Europe demonstrates that the Black Sea-Mediterranean region is becoming more of a priority for the United States.
Earlier, US President Donald Trump promised to reduce the number of US troops in Germany, complaining that Berlin has overdue payments to NATO.
Eurasia
Escalation at the border of Azerbaijan and Armenia
Clashes on the Armenian-Azerbaijani border have continued since July 12 in the neighboring districts of Tovuz and Tavush, which also border Georgia and are several hundred kilometers from Nagorno-Karabakh. Later, the Ministry of Defense of Azerbaijan stated that exacerbation spread to the line of contact in Karabakh – Agdam, Khojavand, Fizuli, Jabrail, Goranboy and Tartar districts.
According to Baku, as a result of the conflict on the border 12 Azerbaijani militaries, including a general, were killed. The Armenian side claimed the death of five soldiers, as well as injuries to nine soldiers and one civilian.
Turkey stated that it was ready to provide any assistance to Azerbaijan. Escalation of the conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan may lead to involvement of Turkey and Russia in the conflict, which is beneficial first of all for the US, which hopes to turn two Eurasian powers against each other.
Detention of Russians in Belorussia
On Wednesday, July 29, the detention of 33 Russians in Belarus was reported. The Belarusian authorities called them “fighters of a foreign private military company Wagner. The Russians were prosecuted under an article on the preparation of terrorist attacks. They face up to 20 years in prison. Later, Minsk reported that they’re suspected of preparing mass riots in the country.
Russia denies that the detainees belong to the PMCs. According to the Russian Ambassador to Belarus, the detainees were supposed to transit to Istanbul and work in a third country. Presumably, their presence was related to talks about Libya, where the Russians were being sent to protect oil facilities.
Presidential elections are to be held in Belarus on August 9. Alexander Lukashenko, who has been the president of the country since 1994, has not been in the best relations with Russia recently and demonstrates the desire to diversify the foreign policy in favor of the United States.
At the same time, there is a possibility that Lukashenko has detained the Russians in order to get a credit of trust in the West, on the one hand, and to use them as hostages to prevent Russian players from interfering in Belarusian politics.
Middle East
PKK gives Syrian oil away to the US
On July 30, Syrian Kurdish separatist authorities signed an agreement with an American company to modernize oil fields in the north-east of their country. This was announced by US Senator Lindsay Graham.
American legislators specified the Kurdish formations from the coalition of “Syrian democratic forces” (SDF) close to terrorist Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) had made a deal with an unnamed American company. The Graham referred to the information received directly from the commander of the SDF paramilitary units, Mazlum Kobani.
Graham said this in a statement to the Senate Foreign Affairs Committee at a hearing with US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo. Pompeo answered that he supported this policy.
Thus, the Kurdish separatists in Syria have again demonstrated that they are American puppets, which the US uses to plunder the oil wealth of Syria.
Asia
American crusade against China
July 27, the US Consulate General in Chengdu was officially closed in China, the Foreign Ministry said.
After that, representatives of local authorities entered the institution through the main gate and took it under their jurisdiction. This decision followed the closure of the Chinese consulate in Houston. The US has accused Chinese diplomats of aiding hackers who allegedly tried to steal data on the coronavirus.
On July 23, the US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo made an accusatory speech against China. He called the country a threat to the free world and called for the formation of an anti-Chinese bloc.
The statements and actions of the US show that the confrontation between the US and China in the format of the New Cold War becomes a constant of international politics.
North Korea: No to denuclearization
On July 28, DPRK Supreme Leader Kim Jong-un said that the nuclear arsenal guarantees the safety of his country. On the same day, he presented commemorative pistols to senior army officers.
The North Korean leader’s statement shows the collapse of American attempts to denuclearize North Korea. It is also a blow to the image of Donald Trump, who claimed he could force the DPRK to follow this path.
Having nuclear weapons reduces the likelihood of the state being at war with him. North Korean leadership understands this very well, especially given the experience of Libya, where Muammar Gaddafi’s renunciation of nuclear weapons paved the way for the NATO invasion in 2011.
North America
The riots in Portland
Racially motivated riots continued in the United States in July. A new protest center was the city of Portland, Oregon. Protests are spilling over into clashes with police.
US President Donald Trump has ordered a federal force to be sent to the city. This decision was criticized by local authorities, as well as a number of senators and members of the US House of Representatives.
The actions of federal law enforcement agencies caused only a new outbreak of unrest – those dissatisfied with the actions of the military took to the streets from New York to San Francisco. The riots in Portland are growing into a real rebellion that neither the state nor the federal authorities can cope with.
South America
The Bank of England steals Venezuelan gold
On July 2, the British High Court ruled to deny the Government of Venezuela access to their own gold reserve held by the Bank of England. The court decision explains that Britain recognizes Venezuelan opposition leader Juan Guaido, rather than the elected President Nicolas Maduro, as the country’s president.
Previously, the government of Maduro had tried to take away $1 billion worth of gold from the Bank of England, explaining the need to spend this amount to fight the Coronavirus epidemic in Venezuela. After being refused, Maduro’s team asked the UN to mediate and filed a lawsuit in May demanding that the bullions be handed over to the UN Food Programme.
The British actions demonstrate the danger of keeping gold reserves abroad, especially in imperialist Western countries.
Africa
The former Central African Republic president is coming to power
On July 25, in the capital of the Central African Republic, Bangui, former President François Bozizé declared himself a candidate in the presidential elections at the Kwa-na-Kwa party congress. They will take place in the Central African Republic in December this year.
Bozizé has been under UN sanctions for several years and is wanted for crimes against humanity. He was an active participant in the civil war with the Seleka Muslim coalition and closely linked to France. After Bozizé lost power in 2013, he fled to Cameroon. In December 2019, Bozizé returned to his homeland.
This step was supposed to promote reconciliation between different groups. However, now Bozizé’s inclusion in the power struggle may contribute to new destabilization in the CAR.
Oceania
USA and Australia: Anti-Chinese Front
On July 28, the United States and Australia said they will expand military cooperation amid growing tensions with China in the Asia-Pacific region, seeking to create a “common front of the two allies”.
Australian Defence Minister Linda Reynolds said the two countries will strengthen relations in a variety of defense areas, including hypersonic, electronic and space weapons.
US Defense Secretary Mark Esper, in turn, welcomed the participation of five Australian ships in a joint exercise with the US aircraft carrier strike team and the Japanese destroyer in the Philippine Sea last week.
In a joint statement, the heads of foreign policy and military affairs of the two countries noted that they discussed the expansion of operations in the city of Darwin in northern Australia, where US Marines have been deployed on a rotational basis since 2012.
All these actions are clearly directed against China, and Australia is one of the most important pillars of American hegemony in the Pacific region. Despite Australian Foreign Minister Marise Payne declaring that Kanberra has “no intention of injuring” its relations with Beijing, China viewed recent US-Australian talks as a threat. According to Chinese official newspaper Global Times ”in case a military conflict between China and the US takes place, and Australia, as well as other countries like India and Japan, play a role in it, they will immediately also become targets of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA), as the PLA will take resolute countermeasures to safeguard China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity”.
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Lupine Publishers | Modern Vacation of Economic Development Indicators of Caspian Regions in Azerbaijan
Economic Regions of Azerbaijan(Figure 1)
Absheron Economic Region
a. Area: 3,29 thousand km2.
b. Population: 551,800 people.
c. Administrative districts: Sumgait city, Absheron and Khizi districts.
d. Natural resources: sawdust, limestone, cements raw material, quartz, construction sand, balneological resources.
e. Main areas of the economy: Industrial and agrarian- industrial complex, tourism.
f. Industrial areas: oil and gas extraction, petrochemicals and chemistry, ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, energy, light and food industries.
g. Agrarian fields: livestock breeding, poultry farming, sheep breeding, vegetable growing, gardening, vine growing, flowering and dry subtropical fruits. Olive, saffron, pistachio and other products are grown.
h. Areas of service: Construction, transport, communic ation, tourism and so on.
i. It is the only economic region with no domestic drinking water. The economic region is provided by drinking water and water pipes from the Samur and Kura rivers.
Aran Economic Region
a. Area: 21, 43 thousand km2.
b. Population: 1936,0 thousand people.
c. Administrative districts: Aghdash, Agjabadi, Barda, Beylagan, Bilasuvar, Goychay, Hajigabul, Imishli, Kurdamir, Neftchala, Saatli, Sabirabad, Salyan, Ujar, Zardab regions, Mingachevir, Yevlakh and Shirvan [1-8].
d. Natural resources: Oil, natural gas, iodine and bromine mineral water, building materials, solar energy, water resources, land suitable for cultivation.
e. Main areas of economy: Industry, agriculture.
f. Industrial areas: Electro-energy, chemical, mechanical engineering, light, food, construction materials. The power generated by two power plants in Mingachevir city is about 60 percent of the country's energy produced.
g. Agrarian areas: Cotton growing, grain growing, viticulture, dry subtropical fruit growing, horticulture. More than 90 percent of cotton produced in Azerbaijan is in this region. Potatoes and sugar beets are also grown in the region.
h. Areas of service: Transport, communication and so on.
Daily Shirvan Economic Region
a. Territory: 6,06,000 km2.
b. Administrative districts: Agsu, Ismayilli, Gobustan and Shamakhi districts.
c. Population: 304,0 thousand people.
d. Natural resources: Stone, gravel, sand, lime, clay and construction materials, mineral waters.
e. Main Areas of Economy: Agriculture, Industry, Tourism and Folk Art.
f. Industrial areas: Food and light.
g. Agrarian Areas: Agriculture, Viticulture, Wine-Making and Livestock. The leading crop in agriculture is grain growing.
h. Areas of service: Transportation, tourism and so on.
Ganja-Kazakh Economic Region
a. Territory: 12,48 km2.
b. Population: 1240,8 thousand people.
c. Administrative districts: Agstafa, Dashkasan, Gadabay, Goranboy, Goygol, Gazakh, Samukh, Shamkir, Tovuz, Ganja and Naftalan.
d. Natural resources: iron ore, alunite, limestone, marble, gypsum, sealite, cement raw material, hydro-electric and natural-recreational resources.
e. Main Areas of Economy: Agriculture, Industry, Tourism and Folk Art.
f. Industrial areas: Heavy and Thinning: Black and non- ferrous metallurgy, mechanical engineering, light industry, food industry and construction industry.
g. Agrarian areas: potato growing, viticulture, grain growing, horticulture, vegetable growing, fruits and livestock. About 13-14 percent of agricultural production in the Republic of Azerbaijan, including 80-85 percent of potatoes, 28 percent of grapes, and 15 percent of livestock products fall to this region.
h. Areas of service: Transportation, tourism, education, etc.
Quba-Khachmaz Economic Region
a. Area: 6,96 km2.
b. Population: 525.7 thousand people.
c. Administrative districts: Shabran, Khachmaz, Guba, Gusar and Siyazan districts.
d. Natural resources: Oil, natural gas, flammable shale, sand, gravel, clay, water resources, rich natural and recreational resources.
e. Main Areas of Economy: Agriculture, Industry, Tourism and Folk Art.
f. Industrial areas: Production, light, food.
g. Agrarian fields: vegetable growing, fruits, grains, livestock.
h. Areas of service: Transportation, tourism and so on.
Nakhchivan Economic Region
a. Territory: 5.5 thousand km2.
b. Population: 439,800 people.
c. Administrative districts: Nakhchivan city, Sharur, Babek, Ordubad, Julfa, Shahbuz, Kangarli and Sadarak regions.
d. Natural resources: Molybdenum, polymetallic ores, stone, dolomite, marble, building materials and mineral water resources. All the molybdenum and dolomite reserves of the Republic of Azerbaijan and 60% of the mineral water resources fall to the Nakhchivan economic region. There are over two hundred mineral water reserves in the region.
e. Main areas of economics: industry, agriculture, service.
f. Industrial areas: Energy, electronics, cement, sugar, food, aluminum plates, furniture production, silkworm, carpet weaving and knitting.
g. Agrarian Areas: Tütuber production, viticulture, fruit growing, vegetable growing, gourds, sugar beet production, meat-milk and wool production, beekeeping and fishing. Service areas: Transport, tourism, science, education, etc.
Lankaran Economic Region
a. Territory: 6,07 thousand km2.
b. Population: 893,3 thousand.
c. Administrative districts: Astara, Jalilabad, Lerik, Masalli, Yardimli and Lankaran regions.
d. Natural resources: sawdust, river stone, sand, clay, gravel, thermalmineral waters. Seven of the 11 climatic zones in the world are found in the area of this economic region. 26% of the area is forest.
e. Main Areas of Economy: Agrarian Industry, Tourism.
f. Industrial areas: Food, light, forest industry
g. Agrarian areas: flour vegetable growing, tea making, viticulture, grains citrus fishing, fishing, poultry, 99 percent of tea produced in the Republic of Azerbaijan, 27 percent of vegetables, 15 percent of grain, 24 percent of potatoes, 13 percent of grapes, 10 percent of fruit falls.
h. Areas of service: Transport, tourism, education and etc. 8.Kalbajar-Dachino economic region
i. Territory: 6,4 thousand km2. j. Population: 244,000 persons.
k. Administrative districts: Kalbajar, Lachin, Zangilan and Gubadli districts. All administrative regions included in the economic region are under Armenian occupation.
l. Natural resources: Gold, mercury, marble, facing stone, copal, perlite.
m. Main areas of economy: Agriculture, industry, tourism.
n. Industrial areas: Food and light.
o. Agrarian areas: Sheep and beef, beekeeping.
p. Areas of service: Transport, tourism 9. Shaki-Zagatala economic region.
q. Territory: 8,96 thousand km2.
r. Population: 599,9 thousand persons.
s. Administrative districts: Balakan, Gakh, Gabala, Oghuz, Zagatala and Sheki regions.
t. Natural resources: copper, sulfur arc, lead, zinc, gravel, sand, building materials, water resources. All of the copper reserves of the Republic of Azerbaijan account for 90 percent of the sulfur pellet, 97 percent of the lead, 99 percent of the zinc.
u. Main areas of economy: Agriculture, light and food industries, tourism.
v. Industrial areas: Light and food.
w. Agrarian areas: Tobacco, cereal, fruit growing, grain growing, vine-growing, meat-milk and meat-wool sheep breeding. More than 75 percent of tobacco produced in Azerbaijan, 17 percent of grain, 35 percent of barley, and 2 percent of green tea leaf fall on this economic region.
x. Service areas: Transport, tourism and etc. 10.Tomestic ward economic region.
y. Territory: 7.25 km2.
z. Population: 653.5 thousand.
a) Administrative districts: Agdam, Tartar, Khojavend, Khojali, Shusha, Jabrayil, Fuzuli and the city of Khankendi. Territories of Khojavand, Khojaly, Shusha, Jabrayil and Khankendi towns of the economic region are completely occupied by the Armenian occupation of Aghdam and Fuzuli regions.
b) Natural resources: Polymetal ore deposits, building materials, mineral waters. As Armenian occupants invaded other riches of the economic region, they destroyed valuable forest species in the forests and carried them to Armenia and plundered the unique forest fauna of the region.
c) Main areas of economy: Agriculture, industry and tourism.
d) Industrial areas: Food and light.
e) Agrarian Areas: Viticulture, Grain-growing, Fruit-growing, Tobacco, Hunting, Beekeeping, Livestock.
f) Service Areas.
Transport, Tourism and Main Regional Development Programs
a. "State Program on Socio-Economic Development of the Regions of the Republic of Azerbaijan (2004-2008)" (11 February 2004).
b. " (February 27, 2006).
c. "State Program on Socio-Economic Development of the Regions of the Republic of Azerbaijan in 2009-2013" (April 14, 2009).
d. "In 2011-2013, the city of Baku and its State program on socio-economic development of Baku and its suburbs in 20142016 (January 17, 2014).
e. "State Program on socio-economic development of settlements" (May 4, 2011) State Program on Socio-Economic DEVELOPMENT for Years "(February 27, 2014).
Chlica Regional Development Programs
More than 240 orders have been signed to accelerate the socioeconomic development of cities and regions in all economic regions during the implementation of both state programs on regional development.
Main Results Of I And Li Regional Development Programs
a. Development of the non-oil sector.
b. Increased business activity of the population.
c. Development of production infrastructure.
d. Improved utility services and social infrastructure.
e. Improvement of business environment.
f. Increased investment.
g. Creation of new enterprises and facilities producing competitive and export-oriented products meeting international requirements.
h. Reduced unemployment.
i. Reduction of poverty.
Main Results Of I And Ii Regional Development Programs
Between 2004 and 2014in 10 years: - GDP - 3.2 times, GDP per capita - 2.8 times, industry - 2.7 times, agriculture - 1.5 times,investments - 6.5 times, incomes - 6.5 times, non-oil the sector grew 2.6 times and the average annual economic growth in the country was 12.9%. - Strategic currency reserves increased 31 times, foreign trade turnover - 6.6 times, exports - 9.3 times, imports - 4.1 times, non-oil exports - 4.7 times. - Revenues of the state budget increased 16 times, average monthly wages - 5.5 times, pensions -9.6 times, deposits of population - 27 times. - Domestic investments increased 14.6 times, investments in the non-oil sector increased by 12.9 times and 50.7 billion mantas were allocated to the regions through all sources.
Main Results Of I And Ii Regional Development Programs
10 years between 2004 and 2014: - More than 1.2 million new, including 900,000 permanent jobs, 55,600 new businesses were created. Nearly 80 percent of newly opened jobs fell to the regions. - In 2003, only 26.8% of the total investment in the country's economy was funded from domestic sources; in 2013, the share of domestic investment reached 62.5%. - 35 five star hotels have been put into operation in 14 regions.
Baku’s Place In Azerbaijan Economy (2014)
53.4% of economic entities with legal status; 72.3% of product output; 87.8% of industrial production; 53% of retail trade turnover; 67.3% of funds directed to fixed capital; 45.6% of hired workers in the economy; 55.6% of the population's income.
Main Objectives Of Regional Development Policy In The Years
a. Development of the non-oil sector in the country.
b. Diversification of the economy.
c. Further improvement of infrastructure and social services related to rural development.
d. Accelerate the development of entrepreneurship in the direction of production of competitive and competitive products.
e. Increase the employment rate of the population, especially the rural population;
f. Poverty reduction
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