gracesus992005

[gracesus992005]

A POEM THAT DESCRIBES THE PHILIPPINE LITERATURE DURING ACTIVISM PERIOD

As the voice of the youths surge towards the society,

To fight againts the oppressors,

Using the paper as the aegis and quill as a spear,

As they rallied on every streets to seek reforms,

As they hold their placards with "Makibaka"

To make the society aware

Youth attacked the ills of the society,

Their voices can be heard throughout the land ,

From the schools to the streets

Their point is direct, they call

For the sake of their nation,

For the sake of their future,

And for the sake of everyone.

Their voices were loud but being ignored,

They are frustrated because of cowardice,

They demand change!

To open the eyes of the society,

From the lies that was hidden

Will be told,

With their love for their country they fought

Used the words to uncover the lies, and spread the truth

They used the pen and papers they had,

To spread awereness to each one,

To let them hear and see the things,

To stand for themselves and fight for reform

And move to the future they envisage.

A future where every lies does not exist,

The truth ease to exist,

That the society lives without a hand covering their eyes,

With people living in their contended everyday life

Where smiles isn't covered with fear,

And laughs that stays still.

[gracesus992005]

POST EDSA REVOLUTION CONTRIBUTION IN THE PHILIPPINE LITERATURE

After EDSA, journalism underwent a change from years of "guided newspapering" to free and ethical reporting.

The "establishment" publications that supported Marcos shut down, while the alternative press rose to prominence.

The Philippine Daily Express, Bulletin Today, and the Journal group of Publications were all placed under embargo by the Aquino administration because they supported Marcos.

The Aquino administration also seized important radio and television stations that were controlled by Marcos supporters.

Resurrected was the Philippine Press Institute. Through continuing education, the adoption of the Journalists Code of Ethics, and the presentation of Community Press Awards, it sought to professionalize the Philippine press.

The Advertising Foundation of the Philippines was established in 1989 to serve as the industry's "social development" arm through development advertising.

During that time, media figures began to enter politics.

The telecom industry underwent liberalization and deregulation, and mass-based information technologies (PCs, cellular technology) emerged.

Reference:

http://commmedia.aijc.com.ph/timeline/post_edsa_period.html#:~:text=The%20post%2DEDSA%20was%20a,press%20became%20the%20mainstream%20media.

[gracesus992005]

JAPANESE PERIOD

TWO REMARKABLE WRITERS:

FRANCISCO SOC RODRIGO

SHORT BIOGRAPHY:

Francisco "Soc" Aldana Rodrigo was a Filipino dramatist, attorney, broadcaster, and senator of the Philippines from 1955 until 1967. He died on January 4, 1998.

In 1998, the year of his passing, his name was inscribed on the Wall of Remembrance at the Bantayog ng mga Bayani in recognition of his contributions to the fight against Ferdinand Marcos' dictatorship.[1][2] The Gawad Soc Rodrigo, a national cultural award named in his honor, is given by the Philippines' Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino (KWF) and National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA).

CONTRIBUTION:

In both English and Tagalog, Rodrigo wrote plays that were hailed as distillations of the Filipino spirit. Sa Pula, Sa Puti, his most well-known play, also garnered a devoted following across the nation, as did Kuro, Kuro sa likod ng mga Balita, his most well-liked play.

REFERENCE:

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soc_Rodrigo

JULIÀN CRUZ BALMACEDA

SHORT BIOGRAPHY:

Julián Cruz Balmaceda, sometimes written Balmaseda, was a Filipino poet, essayist, playwright, novelist, journalist, and linguist who lived from January 28, 1885, to September 18, 1947.

CONTRIBUTION:

He made several works written in Filipino, English and Spanish languages.

REFERENCE:

https://tl.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Cruz_Balmaseda

[gracesus992005]

POST EDSA

TWO REMARKABLE WRITERS:

NICOMENDES MARQUEZ JOAQUIN

SHORT BIOGRAPHY:

Close family and friends affectionately refer to Nicomedes "Nick" Joaquin y Marquez as "Onching"; he was born on May 4, 1917, in Paco, Manila. There are conflicting reports regarding the exact date of his birth; others place it on September 15, 1917. This may be related to the fact that Joaquin himself avoided disclosing his birthday since he didn't want to raise a fuss by having guests around to celebrate.

Don Leocadio Joaquin and Salomé Marquez had ten children in total, with Joaquin being the fifth. Alongside General Emilio Aguinaldo, Don Leocadio fought in the Philippine Revolution and rose to the rank of Colonel. He left the military after being injured in battle and had a successful legal career in Manila and the southern province of Laguna. Salomé Marquez was a knowledgeable woman who worked as a teacher in a public school in Manila. When the United States colonized the Philippines, he received English teaching training from Americans in order to work in the public schools.

CONTRIBUTION:

A journalist and writer from the Philippines who is most recognized for his English-language short tales and novels. Additionally, he wrote under the pseudonym Quijano de Manila.

REFERENCE:

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nick_Joaquin

CARLO MAGNO CAPARAS

SHORT BIOGRAPHY:

Carlo Magno Jose Caparas is a Filipino cartoonist and writer who has transitioned into a film director and producer (born December 15, 1948). His creations include the comic book heroes Panday, Bakekang, Totoy Bato, Joaquin Bordado, Kamagong, Kamandag, Elias Paniki, Tasya Fantasya, Gagambino, Pieta, and Ang Babaeng Hinugot sa Aking Tadyang, among others. He is best recognized for these creations. Additionally, he is well-known for his work as the director of a number of massacre movies, including Kuratong Baleleng and The Cory Quirino Kidnap: NBI Files.

CONTRIBUTION:

He is best known for creating such Filipino superheroes and comic book characters.

REFERENCE:

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_J._Caparas

[gracesus992005]

PERIOD OF THIRD REPUBLIC

TWO REMARKABLE WRITERS:

JOSE Y. DALISAY JR.

SHORT BIOGRAPHY:

Filipino author Jose Y. Dalisay Jr. was born on January 15, 1954. In addition to 16 Palanca accolades, he has received other honors and accolades for his screenplay, drama, poetry, and other genres.

CONTRIBUTION:

At the University of the Philippines, Jose Dalisay teaches creative writing and English. He is the author of more than 25 books, both fiction and nonfiction, as well as a sizable number of plays and screenplays.

REFERENCE:

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jose_Dalisay_Jr.

AZECENA GRAJO URANZA

SHORT BIOGRAPHY:

In Sorsogon, Sorsogon, Uranza was born. She graduated from the Far Eastern University of the Philippines where she got a Bachelor of Arts in Journalism in 1952 and subsequently an MA in English in 1969. Apart from being a writer, Uranza was also an associate professor of Literature and the Humanities at Far Eastern University. As a playwright, she wrote for the stage, radio, and television. Her plays were produced by Channel 4 (television), DZRH (radio), and the Far Eastern University.

CONTRIBUTION:

She created plays for the stage, radio, and television. Channel 4 (television), DZRH (radio), and the Far Eastern University all produced her plays.

REFERENCE:

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azucena_Grajo_Uranza

[gracesus992005]

PERIOD OF NEW SOCIETY

TWO REMARKABLE WRITERS:

ANICETO SILVESTRE

SHORT BIOGRAPHY:

On April 17, 1898, Aniceto Silvestre was born in San Mateo, Rizal. Demehra Franuno and Domingo Silvestre were his parents.

Maximina (Minang) Castillo was the wife of Silvestre, who gave birth to three kids. On October 28, 1983, he passed away in Sampaloc, Manila.

CONTRIBUTION:

REFERENCE:

https://www.tagaloglang.com/tag/aniceto-silvestre/

PELAGIO A. CRUZ

SHORT BIOGRAPHY:

Pelagio A. Cruz (June 16, 1912 – October 21, 1986) was the first Armed Forces of the Philippines Chief-of-Staff from the Philippine Air Force.

CONTRIBUTION:

Battle of Bataan Liberation of the Philippines.

REFERENCE:

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelagio_Cruz

[gracesus992005]

PERIOD OF ACTIVISM

TWO REMARKABLE WRITERS:

PONCIANO PINEDA

SHORT BIOGRAPHY:

Filipino author, educator, linguist, and attorney Ponciano B. Peralta Pineda also practices law. The "Father of the Commission on Filipino Language" is Ponciano Pineda, who advocated for the creation of the commission in accordance with Section 9 of the Philippine Constitution.

CONDTIBUTION:

In the Philippines, he founded 12 regional centers for the Filipino language. Ponciano B. Pineda edited the Philippine Dictionary (1973) by Jose Villa Panganiban and the Centennial Dictionary (1998) by the Commission on the Filipino Language.

REFERENCE:

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ponciano_B._P._Pineda

ROGELIO G. MANGAHAS

SHORT BIOGRAPHY:

He was raised in the Philippines and attended the University of the East where he studied AB Filipino. He was born in Palasinan, Cabiao, Nueva Ecija. He spent most of his time with poet friends like Virgilio S. Almario and Teo Antonio at the University of the East at that time since he was already looking for others who shared the same passion in language. They led the second productive modernist trend in Filipino poetry together.

Rogelio Mangahas co-authored and edited Manlilikha, an anthology of poems, which some critics regarded as a monumental achievement in contemporary Filipino poetry in the 1960s. He won the Palanca first prize for both his collection of poems, "Mga Duguang Plakard," and for his critical essay on Edgardo M. Reyes's novel, "Sa mga Kuko ng Liwanag."

CONTRIBUTION:

He was the head editor of SIBS Publishing House and Phoenix Publishing House, co-authored Manlilikha, a collection of poetry, and edited it. At St. Scholastica's College, UE-Manila, and De La Salle University, Manga has taught Filipino language and literature.

REFERENCE:

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rogelio_Mangahas

https://www.rappler.com/life-and-style/arts-culture/206452-filipino-poet-rogelio-mangahas-death/#:~:text=He%20co%2Dauthored%20and%20edited,Manila%2C%20and%20St%20Scholastica%27s%20College.

[gracesus992005]

PERIOD OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE ENGLISH

TWO REMARKABLE WRITERS:

JOSE GARCIA VILLA

SHORT BIOGRAPHY:

Jose Garca Villa was a Filipino poet, literary critic, short story writer, and painter who lived from August 5, 1908, to February 7, 1997. He was given the National Artist of the Philippines title for literature in 1973 and the Guggenheim Fellowship in creative writing by Conrad Aiken. He is credited with introducing the "reversed consonance rhyme scheme" in poetry writing as well as the extensive use of punctuation, particularly commas, which earned him the moniker "Comma Poet". He wrote under the pen name Doveglion (derived from "Dove, Eagle, Lion") Another poet, E, also looked into these creatures. Villa is honored in the poem "Doveglion, Adventures in Value" by E. Cummings.

CONTRIBUTION:

In 1973, Villa received the National Artist of the Philippines for Literature award, among other honors. His poetry and work questioning conventional poetic form continue to have an impact on contemporary poetry, both for poets and other Asian American writers.

REFERENCE:

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Garc%C3%ADa_Villa

https://english.colostate.edu/news/filipino-american-history-month-jose-garcia-villa/#:~:text=Villa%20has%20won%20numerous%20awards,and%20other%20Asian%20American%20writers.

FRANCISCO ARCELLANA

SHORT BIOGRAPHY:

On September 6, 1916, Francisco Arcellana was born. Early in his boyhood, he already had aspirations of being a writer. However, he didn't begin writing seriously until he joined The Torres Torch Organization in his senior year of high school. At the University of the Philippines Diliman, Arcellana persisted in writing for a number of academic publications. Later, he was awarded a Rockefeller Grant, and from 1956 to 1957, he participated in the Breadloaf Writers' Conference and was a fellow in creative writing at the University of Iowa.

CONTRIBUTION:

He is regarded as a significant founder of the contemporary Filipino short story in English. Arcellana is credited with helping Filipino literature develop the short tale as a lyrical prose-poetic genre. Nowadays, his works are frequently covered in tertiary-level Philippine curricula.

REFERENCE:

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Arcellana

[gracesus992005]

PERIOD OF AMERICAN REGIME

TWO REMARKABLE WRITERS:

PAZ MARQUEZ-BENITEZ

SHORT BIOGRAPHY:

Paz Márquez-Bentez was a Filipino short-story writer, educator, and editor who lived from March 3, 1894 to November 10, 1983. She was also a former beauty queen. Her career as a woman educator and her contributions as a writer are seen as important steps in the advancement of women in professional careers and in the development of Philippine literature.

CONTRIBUTION:

Marquez-Benitez critiqued American imperialism in her short story writing throughout her writing career.

REFERENCE:

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paz_M%C3%A1rquez-Ben%C3%ADtez

MACARIO ADRIATICO

SHORT BIOGRAPHY:

He was born on March 10, 1869, in Calapan, Mindoro. His mother was Natalia Gonzales, while his father was a Cavite native who worked as a clerk for the Court of First Instance of Mindoro.

He received the best honors for his Bachelor of Arts degree from San Juan de Letran, which he completed in 1889, and he initially studied medicine at the University of Santo Tomas before switching to law, philosophy, and letters. In 1902, he was successful in the bar test.

CONTRIBUTION:

He was also a prolific writer, contributing to different publications. He also participated actively in the second stage of the Philippine Revolution.

REFERENCE:

https://www.oocities.org/collegepark/pool/1644/adriatico.html

[gracesus992005]

PERIOD OF ENLIGHTENMENT

TWO REMARKABLE WRITERS:

JOSÉ RIZAL

SHORT BIOGRAPHY:

José Rizal, whose full name is José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda, was a Filipino nationalist, physician, and author who was born in Calamba on June 19, 1861, and died in Manila on December 30, 1896.

CONTIBUTION:

The political writings of Jose Rizal are well known for sparking the Philippine Revolution and ultimately leading to his execution by Spanish invaders.

REFERENCE:

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jose-Rizal

GRACIANO LOPEZ

SHORT BIOGRAPHY:

Graciano López y Jaena, better known by his pen name Graciano López Jaena, was a prominent journalist, orator, reformer, and national hero in the Philippines. He was born on December 18, 1856, and died on January 20, 1896.

CONTRIBUTION:

The newspaper La Solidaridad was started in Barcelona by Graciano Lopez Jaena.

REFERENCE:

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graciano_L%C3%B3pez_Jaena

[gracesus992005]

A short article about the New Society

When President Ferdinand Marcos discussed his idea of the New Society, or Bagong Lipunan, in which every Filipino could be free to realize their potential as a human, he was at his most inspirational.

Filipinos would never longer experience hunger, poverty, corruption, widespread deceit, or bloodshed in such a society. In his speeches, Marcos would assert that it was time for Filipinos to at last enjoy lives deserving of their dignity after centuries of colonial subjugation.

In order to realize his vision of the New Society, Marcos made a number of explicit commitments in his declaration of martial law. According to many reports, he was a skilled statesman and orator, and his vision embodied a lofty desire for the Filipino people.

Reference:

https://martiallawmuseum.ph/magaral/promises-of-the-new-society/

Photo source:

https://martiallawmuseum.ph/magaral/promises-of-the-new-society/

[gracesus992005]

HEPHAESTUS

Known as the ugliest god,

Was imperfect and deformed,

He was kind and good at arts,

Hepthaestus patron of arts.

#TANAGA 5

[gracesus992005]

ATHENA

Worshiped by the ancient Greeks,

Owl, one of her great symbols,

Diety of wisdom and war,

Athena Goddess of War.

#TANAGA 4

[gracesus992005]

APHRODITE

The epitome of a belle,

Olympian Goddess of love,

Her symbols include seashells,

Myrtles,roses, doves and swans.

#TANAGA 3

[gracesus992005]

HADES

He was swallowed by his sire,

Eldest, one of the big three,

The ruler of Underworld,

Hades the Lord of the Dead.

#TANAGA 2

[gracesus992005]

CHRONUS

Primodial god of the time,

Chronus ruled the Golden Age,

A tall and vigorous male,

A good keeper of the time.

#TANAGA 1

[gracesus992005]

PILLOW

A rest for comfort,

My partner in dreams,

Makes me at ease.

#HAIKU 5