Scarface premiered in New Orleans, LA on 31 March 1932.
Producer Howard Hughes had wanted a New York City premiere, but the NY State censor board banned the film (Detroit, Seattle, Portland, and Chicago also banned screenings). Hughes had been fighting with the Hays Office for almost a year to try and get the completed film released. The censors believed the film glorified violence and crime and demanded a number of alterations to the film, including a prologue condemning gangsters, an alternate ending, and a title change (The Shame of a Nation).
Based loosely on Armitage Trial’s 1929 novel (which was loosely based on Al Capone), Ben Hecht wrote the screenplay in 11 days and had almost no similarities with the novel (W.R. Burnett, John Lee Mahin, Seton I. Miller, and Fred Pasley also contributed to the script).
Howard Hawks spent 6 months filming and a completed film was ready by September 1931, but the release was delayed while Hughes fought with the Hays Office.
Scarface was a controversial film when it was released, and due to the bans in place (It was not shown in Chicago until 1941), it was a box office failure. Hughes withdrew the film from circulation and it was not shown again until 1979.