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toppersexam · 4 years

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UGC NET Commerce Books, Question Paper, Free Study Material, MCQ

UGC NET Commerce Books, Question Paper, Free Study Material, MCQ The National Eligibility Test, also known as UGC NET or NTA-UGC-NET, is the test for determining the eligibility for the post of Assistant Professor and/or Junior Research Fellowship award in Indian universities and colleges. UGC NET is considered as one of the toughest exams in India, with success ratio of merely 6%. UGC NET Commerce Question Paper and MCQs Buy the question bank or online quiz of UGC NET Commerce Exam Going through the UGC NET Commerce Exam Question Bank is a must for aspirants to both understand the exam structure as well as be well prepared to attempt the exam. The first step towards both preparation as well as revision is to practice from UGC NET Commerce Exam with the help of Question Bank or Online quiz. We will provide you the questions with detailed answer. UGC NET Commerce Question Paper and MCQs : Available Now UGC NET Commerce Free Study Material : Click Here UGC NET Commerce Books : Click Here UGC NET Commerce Syllabus Unit 1 – Business Environment and International Business Concepts and elements of business environment: Economic environment- Economic systems, Economic policies(Monetary and fiscal policies); Political environment Role of government in business; Legal environment- Consumer Protection Act, FEMA; Socio-cultural factors and their influence on business; Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Scope and importance of international business; Globalization and its drivers; Modes of entry into international business, Theories of international trade; Government intervention in international trade; Tariff and non-tariff barriers; India’s foreign trade policy, Foreign direct investment (FDI) and Foreign portfolio investment (FPI); Types of FDI, Costs and benefits of FDI to home and host countries; Trends in FDI; India’s FDI policy, Balance of payments (BOP): Importance and components of BOP, Regional Economic Integration: Levels of Regional Economic Integration; Trade creation and diversion effects; Regional Trade Agreements: European Union (EU), ASEAN, SAARC, NAFTA International Economic institutions: IMF, World Bank, UNCTAD, World Trade Organisation (WTO): Functions and objectives of WTO; Agriculture Agreement; GATS; TRIPS; TRIMS Unit 2 – Accounting and Auditing Basic accounting principles; concepts and postulates, Partnership Accounts: Admission, Retirement, Death, Dissolution and Insolvency of partnership firms, Corporate Accounting: Issue, forfeiture and reissue of shares; Liquidation of companies; Acquisition, merger, amalgamation and reconstruction of companies, Holding company accounts, Cost and Management Accounting: Marginal costing and Break-even analysis; Standard costing; Budgetary control; Process costing; Activity Based Costing (ABC); Costing for decision-making; Life cycle costing, Target costing, Kaizen costing and JIT, Financial Statements Analysis: Ratio analysis; Funds flow Analysis; Cash flow analysis, Human Resources Accounting; Inflation Accounting; Environmental Accounting, Indian Accounting Standards and IFRS, Auditing: Independent financial audit; Vouching; Verification ad valuation of assets and liabilities; Audit of financial statements and audit report; Cost audit, Recent Trends in Auditing: Management audit; Energy audit; Environment audit; Systems audit; Safety audit Unit 3 – Business Economics Meaning and scope of business economics, Objectives of business firms, Demand analysis: Law of demand; Elasticity of demand and its measurement; Relationship between AR and MR, Consumer behavior: Utility analysis; Indifference curve analysis, Law of Variable Proportions: Law of Returns to Scale, Theory of cost: Short-run and long-run cost curves, Price determination under different market forms: Perfect competition; Monopolistic competition; Oligopoly- Price leadership model; Monopoly; Price discrimination, Pricing strategies: Price skimming; Price penetration; Peak load pricing Unit 4 – Business Finance Scope and sources of finance; Lease financing, Cost of capital and time value of money, Capital structure, Capital budgeting decisions: Conventional and scientific techniques of capital budgeting analysis, Working capital management; Dividend decision: Theories and policies, Risk and return analysis; Asset securitization, International monetary system, Foreign exchange market; Exchange rate risk and hedging techniques, International financial markets and instruments: Euro currency; GDRs; ADRs, International arbitrage; Multinational capital budgeting Unit 5 – Business Statistics and Research Methods Measures of central tendency, Measures of dispersion, Measures of skewness, Correlation and regression of two variables, Probability: Approaches to probability; Bayes’ theorem, Probability distributions: Binomial, poisson and normal distributions, Research: Concept and types; Research designs, Data: Collection and classification of data, Sampling and estimation: Concepts; Methods of sampling – probability and nonprobability methods; Sampling distribution; Central limit theorem; Standard error; Statistical estimation, Hypothesis testing: z-test; t-test; ANOVA; Chi–square test; Mann-Whitney test (Utest); Kruskal Wallis test (H-test); Rank correlation test, Report writing Unit 6 – Business Management and Human Resource Management Principles and functions of management, Organization structure: Formal and informal organizations; Span of control, Responsibility and authority: Delegation of authority and decentralization Motivation and leadership: Concept and theories, Corporate governance and business ethics, Human resource management: Concept, role and functions of HRM; Human resource planning; Recruitment and selection; Training and development; Succession planning, Compensation management: Job evaluation; Incentives and fringe benefits, Performance appraisal including 360 degree performance appraisal, Collective bargaining and workers’ participation in management, Personality: Perception; Attitudes; Emotions; Group dynamics; Power and politics; Conflict and negotiation; Stress management, Organizational Culture: Organizational development and organizational change Unit 7 – Banking and Financial Institutions Overview of Indian financial system, Types of banks: Commercial banks; Regional Rural Banks (RRBs); Foreign banks; Cooperative banks, Reserve Bank of India: Functions; Role and monetary policy management, Banking sector reforms in India: Basel norms; Risk management; NPA management, Financial markets: Money market; Capital market; Government securities market, Financial Institutions: Development Finance Institutions (DFIs); Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs); Mutual Funds; Pension Funds, Financial Regulators in India, Financial sector reforms including financial inclusion, Digitisation of banking and other financial services: Internet banking; mobile banking; Digital payments systems, Insurance: Types of insurance- Life and Non-life insurance; Risk classification and management; Factors limiting the insurability of risk; Re-insurance; Regulatory framework of insurance- IRDA and its role. Unit 8 – Marketing Management Marketing: Concept and approaches; Marketing channels; Marketing mix; Strategic marketing planning; Market segmentation, targeting and positioning, Product decisions: Concept; Product line; Product mix decisions; Product life cycle; New product development, Pricing decisions: Factors affecting price determination; Pricing policies and strategies, Promotion decisions: Role of promotion in marketing; Promotion methods – Advertising; Personal selling; Publicity; Sales promotion tools and techniques; Promotion mix, Distribution decisions: Channels of distribution; Channel management, Consumer Behaviour; Consumer buying process; factors influencing consumer buying decisions, Service marketing, Trends in marketing: Social marketing; Online marketing; Green marketing; Direct marketing; Rural marketing; CRM, Logistics management. Unit 9: Legal Aspects of Business Indian Contract Act, 1872: Elements of a valid contract; Capacity of parties; Free consent; Discharge of a contract; Breach of contract and remedies against breach; Quasi contracts, Special contracts: Contracts of indemnity and guarantee; contracts of bailment and pledge; Contracts of agency, Sale of Goods Act, 1930: Sale and agreement to sell; Doctrine of Caveat Emptor; Rights of unpaid seller and rights of buyer, Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881: Types of negotiable instruments; Negotiation and assignment; Dishonour and discharge of negotiable instruments, The Companies Act, 2013: Nature and kinds of companies; Company formation; Management, meetings and winding up of a joint stock company, Limited Liability Partnership: Structure and procedure of formation of LLP in India, The Competition Act, 2002: Objectives and main provisions, The Information Technology Act, 2000: Objectives and main provisions; Cyber crimes and penalties, The RTI Act, 2005: Objectives and main provisions, Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) : Patents, trademarks and copyrights; Emerging issues in intellectual property, Goods and Services Tax (GST): Objectives and main provisions; Benefits of GST; Implementation mechanism; Working of dual GST. Unit 10: Income-tax and Corporate Tax Planning Income-tax: Basic concepts; Residential status and tax incidence; Exempted incomes; Agricultural income; Computation of taxable income under various heads; Deductions from Gross total income; Assessment of Individuals; Clubbing of incomes, International Taxation: Double taxation and its avoidance mechanism; Transfer pricing, Corporate Tax Planning: Concepts and significance of corporate tax planning; Tax avoidance versus tax evasion; Techniques of corporate tax planning; Tax considerations in specific business situations: Make or buy decisions; Own or lease an asset; Retain; Renewal or replacement of asset; Shut down or continue operations, Deduction and collection of tax at source; Advance payment of tax; E-filing of income-tax returns. NTA UGC NET Commerce Exam Pattern 2020 1. Paper I : It consists of 50 questions from UGC NET teaching & research aptitude exam (general paper), which you have to attempt in 1 hour. 2. Paper II : The UGC Commerce exam (paper 2) will have 100 questions and the total duration will be two hours. Each question carries 2 marks, so the exam will be worth 200 marks. Read below to know the pattern of NET Commerce examination (part II). Exam HighlightsDetails Test Duration120 minutes Total Questions100 Marks per question2 Total Marks200 Negative MarkingN/A Free Mock Test UGC NET Commerce : Click Here Online Test Series UGC NET Commerce : Click Here #UGCNETCommerce #UGCNETCommerce2020 #UGCNETCommerceExam #FreeTestSeries #QuestionsBank #UGCNETCommerceSyllabus #OnlineTestSeries #OnlineMockTest #ImportantQuestionPaper #ImportantQuestion

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empiresacademy · 5 years

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gurukulkendra · 4 years

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RIGHTS OUTSIDE PART III- Fundamental Rights

Besides the Fundamental Rights included in Part III, there are certain other rights contained in other parts of the Constitution. These rights are known as constitutional rights or legal rights or non-fundamental rights. They are:

No tax shall be levied or collected except by authority of law (Article 265 in Part XII).

No person shall be deprived of his property save by authority of law (Article…

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caharshita24 · 4 years

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RIGHTS OUTSIDE PART III- Fundamental Rights

Besides the Fundamental Rights included in Part III, there are certain other rights contained in other parts of the Constitution. These rights are known as constitutional rights or legal rights or non-fundamental rights. They are:

No tax shall be levied or collected except by authority of law (Article 265 in Part XII).

No person shall be deprived of his property save by authority of law (Article…

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empiresacademy · 5 years

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gurukulkendra · 4 years

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EXCEPTIONS TO FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS

1. Saving of Laws Providing for Acquisition of Estates, etc.

Article 31A saves five categories of laws from being challenged and invalidated on the ground of contravention of the fundamental rights conferred by Article 14 (equality before law and equal protection of laws) and Article 19 (protection of six rights in respect of speech, assembly, movement, etc.).

They are related to agricultural…

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caharshita24 · 4 years

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EXCEPTIONS TO FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS

1. Saving of Laws Providing for Acquisition of Estates, etc.

Article 31A saves five categories of laws from being challenged and invalidated on the ground of contravention of the fundamental rights conferred by Article 14 (equality before law and equal protection of laws) and Article 19 (protection of six rights in respect of speech, assembly, movement, etc.).

They are related to agricultural…

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gurukulkendra · 4 years

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Difference Between Martial Law and National Emergency

Martial Law National Emergency1. It affects only Fundamental Rights. 1. It affects not only Fundamental Rights but also Centre–state relations, distribution of revenues and legislative powers between centre and states and may extend the tenure of the Parliament. 2. It suspends the government and ordinary law courts. 2. It continues the government and ordinary law courts. 3. It is imposed to…

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caharshita24 · 4 years

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Difference Between Martial Law and National Emergency

Martial Law National Emergency1. It affects only Fundamental Rights. 1. It affects not only Fundamental Rights but also Centre–state relations, distribution of revenues and legislative powers between centre and states and may extend the tenure of the Parliament. 2. It suspends the government and ordinary law courts. 2. It continues the government and ordinary law courts. 3. It is imposed to…

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gurukulkendra · 4 years

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FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS- MARTIAL LAW AND FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS- 29

Article 34 provides for the restrictions on fundamental rights while martial law is in force in any area within the territory of India.

It empowers the Parliament to indemnify any government servant or any other person for any act done by him in connection with the maintenance or restoration of order in any area where martial law was in force.

The Parliament can also validate any sentence…

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caharshita24 · 4 years

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FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS- MARTIAL LAW AND FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS- 29

Article 34 provides for the restrictions on fundamental rights while martial law is in force in any area within the territory of India.

It empowers the Parliament to indemnify any government servant or any other person for any act done by him in connection with the maintenance or restoration of order in any area where martial law was in force.

The Parliament can also validate any sentence…

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gurukulkendra · 4 years

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EFFECTING CERTAIN FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS

Article 35 lays down that the power to make laws, to give effect to certain specified fundamental rights shall vest only in the Parliament and not in the state legislatures.

This provision ensures that there is uniformity throughout India with regard to the nature of those fundamental rights and punishment for their infringement.

In this direction, Article 35 contains the following provisions:

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caharshita24 · 4 years

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EFFECTING CERTAIN FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS

Article 35 lays down that the power to make laws, to give effect to certain specified fundamental rights shall vest only in the Parliament and not in the state legislatures.

This provision ensures that there is uniformity throughout India with regard to the nature of those fundamental rights and punishment for their infringement.

In this direction, Article 35 contains the following provisions:

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gurukulkendra · 4 years

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FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS- WRITS- 27

The Supreme Court (under Article 32) and the high courts (under Article 226) can issue the writs of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, certiorari and quo-warranto.

Further, the Parliament (under Article 32) can empower any other court to issue these writs.

Since no such provision has been made so far, only the Supreme Court and the high courts can issue the writs and not any other court.

Be…

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caharshita24 · 4 years

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FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS- WRITS- 27

The Supreme Court (under Article 32) and the high courts (under Article 226) can issue the writs of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, certiorari and quo-warranto.

Further, the Parliament (under Article 32) can empower any other court to issue these writs.

Since no such provision has been made so far, only the Supreme Court and the high courts can issue the writs and not any other court.

Be…

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gurukulkendra · 4 years

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FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS- ARMED FORCES AND FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS- 28

Article 33 empowers the Parliament to restrict or abrogate the fundamental rights of the members of armed forces, para-military forces, police forces, intelligence agencies and analogous forces.

The objective of this provision is to ensure the proper discharge of their duties and the maintenance of discipline among them.

The power to make laws under Article 33 is conferred only on Parliament and…

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