#Macre-May

[lobsterplush]

Day 1-2: Cord length and types

Before you can make a project you need to select a cord and cut it to the length needed. There's many types of cord to choose from, each with their own properties. :

A. Limp cord, usually made out of twisted cotton, can be tough to use. It unravels and sometimes doesn't hold it's diameter- a tight knot can compress the cord. However, limp cord is the only type that doesn't hold it's past shape. It can be good for wall hangings where you don't want the hanging cords curly from being sold in a bundle. Since I'm not really into wall hangings I personally avoid this type.

B. Flexible cord like waxed braided cord is my favorite- the cord is strong and brightly colored, the ends don't unravel enough to be an issue, and the texture is smooth and nice on the hands. Sometimes sold in bundles, sometimes wrapped around a piece of cardboard.

C. Stiff cord is usually natural hemp fibers, which are sold in round bundles. This type is really good for trying out new designs without worrying about wasting fancy colored cord, plus the ends don't unravel. Be careful though- this cord is very hairy and can be lumpy and uneven. Natural fiber cord can also come in different colors and stiffness, but even limp natural fibers don't compress in a knot like cotton.

Try not to mix these cord types- limp cord is flattened in a knot with other types, making the knot uneven. Mixing natural fibers with braided cord is fine in certain projects but for the most part the mix of smooth versus hairy+lumpy is awkward.

Other types of cord include synthetic cord, which is limp and can unravel like cotton but can come in vivid colors and weird shapes like flat. I don't have much experience with these. Avoid elastic cords for macrame.

/\/\/\/\/\

^ Some cords don't unravel much and you can A) not worry about it. For cords that unravel you can B) tie the end in a knot, or for some synthetic cords C) singe/melt the endings with a lighter.

/\/\/\/\/\

One other thing to keep in mind is thickness- the width of the cord is usually given in millimeters (mm) but between you and me, tumblr, I don't think they know what a millimeter is. Who said that.

"1mm" is thin, good for smaller projects like jewelry. This is my default thickness. I've also seen 1mm be called "0.5mm." It doesn't matter much as long as it's thin macrame cord.

"2mm" is thick cord for smaller projects. I don't use thicker cord much because the thicker the cord the (slightly) easier it is for knots to unravel. 3mm and thicker starts getting unwieldy for my style of projects, but is common in stores because wall hangings got trendy.

/\/\/\/\/\

When it comes to the length of the cord many tutorials will just give you a length to cut. They give either the length for one specific project or there's a chart for bracelet/necklace/whatever. But people come in different sizes and having a 'one size fits all' measurement leads to wasted cord or a piece that's too small to wear. It can be a bit of a hassle. And I don't like having to dig out a ruler.

So I have my own method.

To measure by feel, use your chosen cord to figure out the length of the project (A). If it is a bracelet, wrap the cord around the wrist. You can make a necklace tight or loose. Whatever you like. Then, add like 3 or 4 inches, 15 to 20cm of bonus cord (B).

(The bonus cord is for you to hold onto when making the knots, and on longer strings it gives much needed wiggle room in case your knots eat up string.)

A and B together is the Project Length, or PL.

Next look at your project. Plan out what each string is doing- if it is used as a base string that goes the length of the project with no turns, it's length is 1 PL. Another string that is used in knots and has lots of turns can be 3 PL. The more PL, the more convoluted the path of the string.

For example, a series of square knots has two base strings and two strings that wrap around them. This project could be one cord, 2 PL, folded in half for the two base strings and a second, 6 PL, folded in half for the two wrapping strings.

So once you measure your project and decide on a PL, fold it back and forth until the cord is the desired length, and use that cord to measure the others in the project.

Another example with pics:

Two strings, natural hemp fiber, as straight as I could get them without taping them down lol. One is 2 PL and the other is 4PL, each folded in half. This makes two 1 PL strings and two 2 PL strings.

The long cords were used to make knots around the base cords, which are straight. (the wrapping cords ended up having more leftovers, but I chose a knot that's really light on the string. And I used string-saving techniques, oops)

(I didn't give myself that much room for the finishing knot, oops x2)

Final product with the strings trimmed! Don't worry about leftovers, the longer ones can be used in other projects or small samples for testing designs. It's better to overestimate the needed cord then to go through the circus of ending up short.

Anyway this way I can give you a design, say the Project Length of each string, and you can use that to build sweeping necklaces to child bracelets.

btw you can always look around at other tutorials of similar designs if you just want a solid number to work with.

(Macre-May Prompt list)

#Macre-May #Macre-May 2024 #macrame #art challenge #not me throwing subtle shade at the wall hanging community #after wall hangings became a trend braided cord slowly stopped being sold in art stores #or at least there's less variety each year #it's all thick rope and cotton cord in varying shades of tan #boo #also #how did this become a mile long #I put two concepts in one post because this wasn't supposed to be wild #it got wild #also also #sorry for going back and forth with the words cord and string #there's a difference..... I can feel it but I can't explain it

[airmanisr]

Factory new B-17s, 1942 by Willard Womack Via Flickr: B-17F 41-24616 assigned to the 305th BG at Chelveston, UK. It was damaged in a forced landing, after engine failure, in 1943. It ended up at Searcy Field, Stillwater, OK. Where it was sold, by the War Assets Corp, to Paul Mantz in February 19, 1946. Paul Mantz was famous in Hollywood as the expert if you were doing a movie involving flying. B-17F 41-24614 assigned to the 305th BG Written off, after crashing on landing in January 1944. It returned to Searcy Field, Stillwater, OK. Where it was sold by War Assets Corp to Paul Mantz Feb 19, 1946. B-17F 41-24612 assigned to the 303rd BG, with the name "The Devil Himself". Use for special gun tests in May of 1943. It ended up in Altus OK. In October 1945, to be salvaged. B-17F 41-24606 assigned to the 303rd BG, with the name "Werewolf". It had a force landing on a rugby field in January of 1943. After being repaired, it flew for two other units until it was salvaged in June of 1945. B-1F 41-24603 assigned to the 303rd BG, 359th BS, with the name "The Green Hornet"). It was lost Jan 23, 1943. B-17F 41-24619 assigned to the 303 BG 427th BS, aircraft (*S for Sugar*). Shot down by AAA (Anti-Aircraft Artillery, or Flack) over Oschersleben Germany Jan 11, 1944. Crew POW. MACR 1923. B-17F 24607 assigned to the 303rd BG, 427th BS, with the name "Jerry Jinx" and by another crew "What's Up Doc?". Hit by AA (Anti Aircraft Artillery) and ditched in Bay of Biscay on Jan 23, 1943. Two to the 305th Bomb Group. Five to the 303rd Bomb Group. Two purchased by Paul Mantz. Two salvaged. Three lost.

#B-17 #aircraft

[sfrelectrical]

Commercial Solar Services

Commercial solar services are offered to a variety of businesses and organizations. These include companies, schools, churches, hospitals, local government agencies and nonprofits. Energy costs are a major expense for most of these entities, and they are eager to cut costs. Solar power is a good solution for these organizations and offers many benefits like reducing electric bills, tax credits and MACRS depreciation. Additionally, the installation process is quick and affordable.

The cost of solar systems has continued to decrease and is now very competitive with utility rates. This has spurred an increased interest in solar among businesses of all sizes. Fortunately, a number of financing options are available to help alleviate the upfront investment required for a commercial solar system. These include a solar PPA, a lease and a loan. The type of financing option you choose will depend on your ability to pay upfront and your desired cash flow over time.

Whether you opt for a roof-mounted or ground-mounted commercial solar system, the process begins with an audit and walk-through of your property by the commercial solar installation team. This allows them to gather information about the facility, including roof dimensions and structural elements. They will then design a system that meets the specific needs of your business.

When the final plan is complete, the project will move to permitting. This process is different from state to state, and can be complicated by the size of your system, local government requirements, and other factors. Depending on the complexity of your solar project, it may take anywhere from a few weeks to a few months for all permits to be issued.

After the permitting is completed, your commercial solar system will be connected to your electrical grid. Electricity will flow from the inverters, and your electric meter will track the amount of electricity your system produces and the amount used at your facility. If you produce more than your facility needs, your utility will compensate you for the surplus through net metering.

A commercial solar system can be made up of a large number of panels, each with multiple cells. Typical residential solar panels have 60 or 72 cells, while a commercial solar panel can contain up to 96 cells.

In addition to a wide range of installation options, commercial solar systems can also be installed on a variety of roof types. This includes flat and sloped metal, composition shingle, and even Spanish tile roofs. Solar technology has advanced to allow for this versatility, and commercial solar providers can work with any roof structure.

There are a number of incentives for businesses that go solar, and these can cover 45-80% of your total system cost. These incentives include federal, state and local rebates and incentives. These are combined with tax credits and MACRS depreciation, which can make going solar a smart financial decision for any business.

S.F.R. Electrical PTY LTD is a professional electrical company that has been in the industry for more than 30 years. The business was founded in 2006 and is a family run business. We specialise in the provision of professional electrical and solar services for both commercial and residential premises. We have great experience and incredible workmanship when it comes to the provision of electrical services.

#commercial solar services #commercial solar maintenance #industrial electrical maintenance services #6.6kw solar system

[lautoc]

yamato 2199 all Garmilas dialogue in Dapna

ep 2

Dast rucsetegh ne skar Gerh egh üacser Balan.

Dast uïeath ubhosci. Na ath eg adre echi apkerlisas rucset ne üobrid.

Dast theisurhe cou!

Macrerh couer

ïunabamhin macr üacserreyden!

Rucseuch

Dast zinpera cien!!

ep 4

crumamhin dhes ne cuate

ep 5

ubhosci 4. uracec mai

nausuec laru tay 5

ubhosci 8. uracec mai

nausuec laru tay 4

_

odéc egrin ïara! arécda 40 naïicegh

Ep 8

Cobher omedherch min

Math sauréc, reinma eghi cobher mat ducerch ba lath ma omedhar cluen ne ceuen üacseren a deu Garmilas!

Cen math obéc lath, cobher motlach.

A cdeychurh lather edha.

Grudachma!

Pladhe Garmilas! Pladhe Dethlar

Ep 10

Dast souciec ather edha, macrafin!

Ather Garmileu rucsauabh!

Ep 11

Uderch! Dast cenhaghath ïintheci

Ucta crath! 7 net, cenhamhin! Macr

Uctargi!!

Ep 14

Acliamhin! 5 4 3 2 1

Acle

Ep 18

Cisvaras dou! Na ather cghulie?

Cenhoda bach, otes netseicmha!

Plouta rucséc! Dast cenhoudéc sauraci cbheu cighel!

Creusach, ïoucr tare.

#conlang #languages

[solidsolarservices]

How Commercial Solar Can Lower Your Electricity Costs

Commercial solar can help your business save thousands of dollars on electricity costs. Federal and local incentives-tax credits, accelerated depreciation, grants and rebates-can offset installation costs.

Larger commercial systems typically require planning permission and may need a large roof area. These systems produce energy on a 24/7 basis and so can require battery storage solutions.

1.        Lower Energy Costs

For example, many companies are now offering their employees the opportunity to buy and install commercial solar installation sydney on their homes at reduced rates via a platform like Geostellar. This arrangement is a natural extension of their existing sustainability efforts and helps to attract and retain employees who care about the environment. It also shows that the company is invested in their team members and their community.

Business owners can take advantage of a federal investment tax credit that reduces the cost of a solar power system by 30%. State and utility company incentives like net metering can further reduce or eliminate the upfront cost of investing in solar.

In addition, a commercial solar system is 100 percent sustainable, which reduces emissions that degrade air, water, and soil quality. This is especially important for companies that depend on fossil fuels to produce their energy. Depending on the size of your system and your energy consumption, you can also make money by selling excess solar energy back to the utility grid under net metering programs.

2.        Environmentally Friendly

Commercial solar is one of the most environmentally friendly ways to power your business. It lowers energy costs and decreases reliance on fossil fuels, which reduces carbon dioxide emissions. It also offers battery storage, which means your business can continue to operate during a power outage.

Fossil fuel-based electricity generates greenhouse gases that degrade the air, water, and soil quality. Solar energy eliminates this harm by limiting the amount of harmful GHG emissions.

Consumers are increasingly looking to support and work with sustainability-minded companies. This may boost your brand image and attract new customers. It can even help you win new supplier and vendor contracts. Additionally, the reduced operational costs from using a commercial solar system can reduce your OpEx. This can lead to increased profit, and in turn, more cash flow for your company.

3.        Increased Productivity

The solar tax credit (ITC) is a valuable incentive that can significantly reduce your installation costs. Combined with the MACRS depreciation incentive, this allows commercial and nonprofit organizations to recover about 70% of their investment in a solar panel system in year one!

Agricultural operations, dairy farms, and other businesses using lots of electricity can reduce their power costs significantly with commercial solar. By generating energy on-site, businesses become immune to power company price increases.

Adding a storage component to your commercial solar project increases energy savings. By shaving peak demand, you can see substantial bill savings if your organization is on a demand charge utility rate.

Solar panels also bolster a brand’s image, demonstrating to consumers and stakeholders that your company is committed to sustainability and transitioning to renewable energy. This is increasingly important as consumer demands shift toward environmentally friendly products and services. Lastly, a professional energy audit will give your business an in-depth breakdown of how you use energy in your building, helping you identify the best ways to save.

4.        Increased Employee Retention

Having a robust talent retention strategy is an important part of managing high quality solar industry teams. It is a key driver of employee satisfaction and productivity.

One great way to do this is by putting in place long-term employee incentive programs. Ambitious employees like to see their hard work and dedication rewarded, especially when that rewards comes with a direct financial upside.

5.        Increased Productivity

With solar energy, businesses can significantly reduce their reliance on the grid. This not only helps reduce electricity prices but also eliminates the risk of power outages that could interrupt productivity.

Commercial projects can be more complex, with many different stakeholders involved. Getting everyone on board with a green initiative can be difficult, but the long term benefits of going solar are worth it.

Fortunately, federal and state tax incentives make it more affordable for businesses to go solar than ever before. With the ITC and MACRS (Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System), companies can save up to 70% on their solar project costs. Additionally, with solar’s low energy rates, a company can be cash flow positive within a year. This includes savings from reduced utility costs and a predictable energy price for the entire system’s 30-year lifespan.

#commercial solar installation sydney

[milhastravel]

Passagem de Fortaleza para Porto Alegre: Um Guia Rápido para Viajantes Frequentes

  Planeje sua viagem de Fortaleza para Porto Alegre com facilidade. Você é um viajante frequente em busca de aventuras emocionantes pelo Brasil? Se sim, você veio ao lugar certo! Neste guia rápido, vamos explorar como conseguir passagens de Fortaleza para Porto Alegre, destacando as melhores opções e dicas para tornar sua viagem suave e agradável. Afinal, quem não ama um bom passeio pelo país? 🌴🌞 1. Encontrando as Melhores Ofertas de Passagem de Fortaleza para Porto Alegre Você pode encontrar as melhores ofertas de passagem de Fortaleza para Porto Alegre de maneira rápida e fácil. Aqui estão algumas dicas para economizar dinheiro: - Reserve com antecedência: Comprar suas passagens com antecedência pode resultar em tarifas mais baixas. - Use comparadores de preços: Sites como Kayak e Skyscanner, ou o comparador da milhas travel são ótimos para comparar as tarifas de diferentes companhias aéreas. - Aproveite programas de fidelidade: Se você é um viajante frequente, considere se inscrever em programas de fidelidade para acumular milhas e obter descontos. 2. Voos Diretos ou com Escala de Fortaleza para Porto Alegre? Quando se trata de voos de Fortaleza para Porto Alegre, você tem duas opções: voos diretos ou voos com escala. A escolha depende do seu tempo e orçamento: - Voos diretos: São mais rápidos, mas podem ser mais caros. - Voos com escala: Podem ser mais econômicos, mas lembre-se de que você fará uma parada no caminho. 3. Escolhendo a Melhor Época para Viajar de Fortaleza para Porto Alegre Agora que você sabe como encontrar boas ofertas, é importante escolher a melhor época para sua viagem. O clima em Porto Alegre é ameno durante todo o ano, mas se você prefere temperaturas mais quentes, considere viajar entre dezembro e março. 4. Acomodações em Porto Alegre Depois de garantir suas passagens, é hora de pensar onde ficar em Porto Alegre. Aqui estão algumas opções populares: - Hotéis no Centro: Ficar no centro da cidade coloca você perto de atrações como o Mercado Público e a Catedral Metropolitana. - Bairros à Beira do Rio: Bairros como Moinhos de Vento oferecem vistas deslumbrantes do Rio Guaíba e ótimos restaurantes. 5. Atividades em Porto Alegre Porto Alegre tem muito a oferecer, desde cultura até gastronomia. Não deixe de explorar: - Museu de Arte Contemporânea (MACRS): Uma jóia arquitetônica com exposições impressionantes. - Churrascarias Gaúchas: Experimente um autêntico churrasco gaúcho em um dos restaurantes locais. 6. Tabela de Comparações de Passagens entre Fortaleza para Porto Alegre Aqui está uma tabela prática que compara as opções de voos de Fortaleza para Porto Alegre: Companhia Aérea Tipo de Voo Preço Médio Duração do Voo Azul Direto R$ 600 3 horas Latam Com Escala R$ 450 4-5 horas Gol Direto R$ 620 3 horas 7. Pronto Para Decolar de Fortaleza para Porto Alegre? Agora que você tem todas as informações necessárias, está pronto para planejar sua viagem de Fortaleza para Porto Alegre. Lembre-se de reservar com antecedência, explorar as melhores ofertas e aproveitar ao máximo sua estadia na encantadora Porto Alegre! Mas antes de partir, não se esqueça de conferir mais dicas de viagem em Milhas Travel e garantir que sua jornada seja inesquecível!       FAQ sobre Passagens de Fortaleza para Porto Alegre 1. Qual é a melhor época para encontrar passagens baratas? A melhor época para encontrar passagens baratas é geralmente com antecedência, especialmente se você planeja viajar durante a baixa temporada. 2. Há alguma companhia aérea que oferece voos diretos? Sim, a Azul e a Gol oferecem voos diretos de Fortaleza para Porto Alegre. 3. Porto Alegre é um destino seguro para viajar? Sim, Porto Alegre é geralmente considerada uma cidade segura para os turistas, mas é sempre bom tomar precauções normais durante a sua estadia. Read the full article

[sunsolarcompanyau]

With lower electricity costs and reduced carbon emissions, businesses that switch to commercial solar system Nerang experience both financial rewards and a boost to their public image. The right commercial solar system can also help organizations qualify for significant tax incentives.

These include a 30% federal Investment Tax Credit and Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System (MACRS) depreciation for businesses that own their systems.

Installation

A commercial solar energy system provides access to a clean, renewable source of electricity that helps reduce operating expenses. It is connected to the local utility grid, and excess energy can be stored for later use. This can be especially helpful for businesses that are vulnerable to power outages and other natural disasters.

The process of installing a commercial solar system begins with a thorough evaluation of the property. This includes shade analysis and structural evaluations, as well as determining how many panels the property can accommodate and the construction details.

Because of the complexity, this phase can take a few months to over a year for large companies that need a larger system. The cost per watt of the solar panel system is lower for commercial sites than it is for homes, thanks to economies of scale. This means that you can expect to recoup your investment much faster than for residential systems. It is also possible to add an energy storage system, which allows you to store energy in the form of a battery and then release it as needed.

Commissioning

The commissioning process is often baked into the installation cost of a PV system. For that reason, it may be tempting to skip this step. But it’s a critical part of the project that ensures the system will be delivering energy as expected for decades to come.

Solar PV commissioning is a final inspection and testing phase before the PV system can be connected to the power grid. This is also where the system receives its ‘permission to operate’ from the utility company serving your site.

Local AHJ inspectors will inspect the system for things like electrical, fire, and seismic compliance. SunPeak will coordinate these inspections and manage any paperwork or certification required to bring the system online. Additionally, the team will conduct performance verification testing by allowing the system to run for 72 hours and compare its expected output to actual production. This will help identify any potential equipment issues such as ground faults (which cause stray current to flow to the ground, causing a fire risk) and wired inverter polarities.

Maintenance

Once a commercial solar system has been installed, commissioned and connected to the grid, business owners should establish preventative maintenance plans. Performing regular physical inspections, and documenting any observations can help business owners spot issues before they become major problems. The use of a monitoring platform can also provide insights into solar energy output over varying time periods.

While solar panels essentially capture sunlight, the inverters are necessary for turning this direct current into alternating current that can be used for powering businesses and household appliances. Having these components maintained is essential for the longevity of your commercial solar system. Additionally, it’s important to trim overgrown vegetation to ensure that sunlight is able to reach the panels. It’s also a good idea to have your panels cleaned regularly. Rain, hail, dust and debris can all impact the performance of a solar system. This is especially true if they’re exposed to the elements for long periods of time.

Financing

Adding solar to your business is an investment that starts to put money back into your bottom line immediately. Whether you choose to purchase your system outright with cash or take advantage of federal incentives through an SSA/PPA, the right financing model can align your financial goals with clean energy initiatives.

Solar loan programs are available to organizations with good credit that are looking to maximize the tax benefits of their project. These loans offer flexible terms, allowing the owner to deduct the interest from their taxes and build equity in their system over time.

Leases and PPAs are third-party owned arrangements that enable businesses to minimize upfront costs while enjoying the benefits of solar energy. These types of contracts typically have 20 year term and often include annual escalators. The agreements also allow you to benefit from net metering. A variety of lease programs are available to organizations with different tax statuses, including partnerships flips and sale leaseback arrangements.

#commercial solar system Nerang

[answertenant98]

Tax Planning Strategies for Real Estate Investors and Property Owners

Tax planning is a crucial aspect of real estate accounting investment and property ownership. Implementing effective tax strategies can help real estate investors and property owners minimize their tax liabilities, maximize returns, and optimize their overall financial position. In this article, we will discuss essential tax planning strategies that can benefit real estate investors and property owners.

Introduction

Real estate investors and property owners can significantly benefit from tax planning strategies that help minimize tax burdens and maximize profits. By understanding the intricacies of real estate taxation and implementing effective strategies, investors can optimize their financial position and enhance long-term investment success.

Understanding Real Estate Taxation

Before diving into tax planning property management accounting strategies, it is crucial to have a solid understanding of real estate taxation. Real estate investors and property owners may encounter various taxes, including income tax, property tax, capital gains tax, and potentially others at the federal, state, and local levels. Familiarize yourself with the specific tax obligations and regulations that apply to your real estate investments and properties.

Structuring Investments for Tax Efficiency

One effective tax planning strategy is to structure real estate investments in a way that maximizes tax efficiency. Consider factors such as the type of entity (e.g., limited liability company, partnership, or corporation) through which you hold the properties. Each structure has different tax implications, so consult with a tax professional to determine the most advantageous approach based on your specific circumstances.

Taking Advantage of Depreciation

Depreciation is a valuable tax benefit available to real estate investors. It allows you to deduct a portion of the property's value over its useful life, reducing taxable income. Understanding depreciation rules and methods, such as the Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System (MACRS), can help you optimize tax deductions. Work with a qualified tax advisor to ensure accurate depreciation calculations.

Utilizing 1031 Exchanges

A 1031 exchange, also known as a like-kind exchange, provides an opportunity for real estate investors to defer capital gains taxes when selling one property and acquiring another similar property. By reinvesting the proceeds from the sale into a qualified replacement property, investors can defer tax liabilities and potentially increase their investment portfolio without a significant tax burden. Engage a qualified intermediary and follow the IRS guidelines for successful 1031 exchanges.

Leveraging Tax Deductions

Real estate investors and property owners can take advantage of various tax deductions to reduce their taxable income. Deductible expenses may include mortgage interest, property taxes, insurance premiums, repairs and maintenance costs, professional fees, and certain operating expenses. Keep detailed records and consult with a tax professional to ensure you claim all eligible deductions.

Hiring a Qualified Accountant or Tax Advisor

Navigating the complexities of real estate taxation requires expertise. Consider hiring a qualified accountant or tax advisor with experience in real estate to provide guidance on tax planning strategies, ensure compliance with tax laws, and help optimize your overall tax position. A professional can help you identify tax-saving opportunities specific to your real estate investments and properties.

Staying Updated with Tax Laws and Regulations

Tax laws and regulations are subject to change, and staying informed is crucial for effective tax planning. Keep abreast of tax law updates, new regulations, and potential tax incentives or credits relevant to real estate investments. Regularly consult tax resources, attend seminars, and engage with industry professionals to stay updated and make informed decisions.

Keeping Accurate and Organized Records

Maintaining accurate and organized records is essential for successful tax planning. Keep track of income and expenses related to your real estate investments and properties. Store receipts, invoices, lease agreements, and other relevant documents in an organized manner. Accurate records will facilitate the preparation of tax returns, substantiate deductions, and provide a clear audit trail if necessary.

Conclusion

Tax planning is a vital aspect of real estate investment and property ownership. By implementing effective tax planning strategies such as structuring investments for tax efficiency, utilizing depreciation, leveraging 1031 exchanges, maximizing tax deductions, hiring qualified professionals, staying updated with tax laws, and maintaining accurate records, real estate investors and property owners can optimize their tax position, minimize liabilities, and maximize returns.

FAQs

What is a 1031 exchange, and how does it benefit real estate investors?

A 1031 exchange, or like-kind exchange, allows real estate investors to defer capital gains taxes when selling a property and acquiring a similar replacement property. It provides an opportunity to reinvest proceeds without incurring immediate tax liabilities.

What are some common tax deductions available to real estate investors? 

Real estate investors can often deduct expenses such as mortgage interest, property taxes, insurance premiums, repairs and maintenance costs, professional fees, and certain operating expenses. Consult with a tax professional to ensure eligibility and proper documentation.

Is it necessary to hire a tax advisor for real estate tax planning? 

While not mandatory, hiring a qualified accountant or tax advisor with real estate expertise can provide valuable guidance, ensure compliance with tax laws, identify tax-saving opportunities, and optimize your overall tax position.

How can I stay updated with tax laws and regulations relevant to real estate? 

Stay informed by regularly consulting tax resources, attending seminars or webinars on real estate taxation, and engaging with industry professionals. Additionally, subscribe to newsletters or publications that provide updates on tax law changes.

Why is accurate record-keeping important for real estate tax planning? 

Accurate and organized records substantiate income, expenses, and deductions related to your real estate investments. They facilitate tax return preparation, provide evidence for deductions, and create a clear audit trail if needed.

#property management accounting #real estate accounting

[b2bcybersecurity]

Schutzlösung für KRITIS vor Cyberangriffen

Die Lösung PREVENT/OT erkennt mögliche Angriffswege zur Beeinträchtigung des Betriebs kritischer Infrastrukturen - KRITIS. Ihr neuartiger Ansatz nutzt KI, um „wie Angreifer zu denken“ und Wege innerhalb der IT und OT zu visualisieren, die zu kritischen Infrastrukturen führen.  PREVENT/OT ist Teil der Darktrace/OT-Produktfamilie. Sie schützt komplexe Industrieumgebungen vor bekannten und unbekannten Angriffen. Dabei nutzt sie selbstlernende KI, um Anlagen zu identifizieren sowie subtile Abweichungen zu erkennen, die auf eine Cyber-Bedrohung hinweisen. Die Lösung setzen derzeit viele  KRITIS-Unternehmen in Bereichen wie Strom, Wasser, Öl und Gas, Schifffahrt und Transport ein. Intelligenz sucht nach Angriffspfaden „Bei einem unserer ersten Anwender fand Darktrace AI einen vollständigen, praktikablen Angriffspfad von einem öffentlichen E-Mail-Konto zu einer stark geschützten und aktiven programmierbaren Steuerung in der Produktion“, so Jeffrey Macre, Industrial Security Solutions Architect bei Darktrace. „Das Unternehmen wusste nicht, dass dieser Pfad existierte, der sowohl IT- als auch OT-Systeme umfasste. Einige Schritte waren nicht einfach durchzuführen, aber grundsätzlich hätte ein engagierter Angreifer diesem Weg folgen und die Steuerungslogik manipulieren, Alarme auslösen oder, noch schlimmer, Prozesse starten und stoppen können, um den Betrieb der gesamten Anlage zu beeinträchtigen. Wir sind stolz darauf, dass wir heute so viele KRITIS-Betreiber unterstützen, und freuen uns, ihnen diese neue Lösung bereitzustellen. Sie können damit die schlimmsten Angriffe verhindern, bevor sie geschehen. Wir sehen ein großes Interesse der Kunden an ihren Funktionen.“ ITSiG 2.0 gilt ab Mai 2023 Darktrace schützt bereits Kunden in allen 8 KRITIS-Bereichen, die vom BSI in Deutschland benannt wurden. Die Abschlüsse unterstreichen den Paradigmenwechsel, der sich weltweit vollzieht. Denn Behörden führen immer neue Vorschriften ein, die einen robusteren Cyberschutz in kritischen Branchen wie dem Gesundheits- und Finanzwesen, der Energie- und Chemiebranche fordern. Dazu zählt in Deutschland das IT-Sicherheitsgesetz 2.0, das zum 1. Mai 2023 in Kraft tritt.     Passende Artikel zum Thema Lesen Sie den ganzen Artikel

[samanthagracerodas]

“Panahon na ba para babaan ang edad ng pwedeng makulong?”

Malaki ang pagbabago sa ekonomiya ng bansa sa paglipas ng panahon. Sa kasalukuyan, kinakaharap ng ating bansa ang lumalaking bilang ng mga krimen sangkot ang mga kabataan na isa sa mga nagiging dahilan ng kahirapan at pagtaas ng mga kasong hindi nabibigyan ng makatarungang hustisya sa sistema ng Pilipinas. Isa sa mga pinakamainit na isyu ngayon na pinag-uusapan ay ang tungkol sa pagpapababa sa edad ng pwedeng makulong. Ito ang isa sa mga maiinit na isyu sa Pilipinas na pinagtatalunan nang mga mambabatas at mamamayan.

Ang age of criminal responsibility ay ang edad na itinakda ng batas kung saan maaaring mapanagot ang isang tao sa krimen na nagawa nito. Iba-iba ang edad na ito sa iba’t-ibang bansa (McGrath et al., 2013)

Napakarami na ngayon ang nasasangkot sa krimen na ang edad ay bago mag-18 at pababa. Dahil sa pagiging menor-de-edad, hindi basta-bastang maposasan ang mga ito ng mga awtoridad at ikulong at pabayarin ng danyos. Karaniwang ipinapasa ang mga ito sa Department of Social Welfare o kaya’y isinasauli sa mga magulang para sila na ang bahalang magdisiplina sa mga ito. Tunay na hindi katanggap tanggap ang ganitong sistema ng pagkakakulong sapagkat nagiging isang kalamangan ito sa mga kabataan, sila ay nagkakaroon ng madidilim na balak na taliwas sa karunungan ng isang tao na walang takot at pangangamba.

Ayon sa pulisiya at Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency, may natatagpuan silang mga sangkot sa droga na nasa edad 9 hanggang 15 taong gulang, sa mga kasong matatagpuan sa mga barangay laganap ang krimeng akyat-bahay at iba pang pagnanakaw at droga sangkot ang mga menor-de-edad. Ang kabataan ang naging isa sa mga kagamitan ng mga may edad sa paggawa ng krimen ngunit dahil sa kanilang edad, karaniwan na lang na pinapakawalan ng mga kinauukulan. Hihintayin pa ba natin na gumawa ang mga sindikato ng isang grupo ng mga kabataan sa paggawa ng krimen? Upang tayo’y magising sa katotohanan na maraming kayang gawin ang mga kabataan isa na rito ang magpalaganap ng isang krimen.

Kumakailan lamang ay mabilisang ipinasa sa ikalawang pagbasa sa Kongreso ang panukalang batas na magpapababa sa minimum age of criminal responsibility (MACR) mula sa kasalukuyang 15 taong gulang patungong 12. Mas mataas ito sa naunang ipinasa ng Committee on Justice na nagtatakda sa minimum age na 9 na taon.

Mas mainam na ito ay tunay na maisasakatuparan sa lalong madaling panahon, sapagkat ang bugso ng damdamin at pagiging mapusok ng mga kabataan ay tumataas at umiiral. Marami man ang nagsasabi na hindi ito makatutulong at makakabigay lamang ng masamang epekto sa kabataan ngunit ito ay may magandang layunin para sa lahat lalo na sa pagdidisiplina at patutuwid sa mga kabataan.

Talasanggunian:

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-sciences/criminal-responsibility

https://www.remate.ph/dapat-bang-makulong-na-ang-edad-9-15-anyos/

[ali-gutz]

Panahon na ba upang babaan ang kriminal na pananagutan ng mga kabataang nasasangkot sa krimen?

      Hindi lingid sa ating kaalaman na ang kabataan ay ang pag-asa ng bayan. Ngunit sa kasalukuyan, maging ang mga bata ay nakakagawa na ng krimen sa iba’t ibang kadahilanan. Maaari na ang sanhi ay kahirapan, kapabayaan ng magulang, at paggamit sa kanila ng mga sindikato. Ang minimum age of criminal responsibility (MACR) sa Pilipinas ay itinakda sa 15 taong gulang. Sa kasalukuyan ay may panukalang batas sa kongreso na naglalayong ibaba ang MACR sa 9 na taon. Ngunit hindi dapat ito ibaba sapagkat hindi pa sila mature, biktima lamang sila, at mas lalo lang silang magkakasala.

      Sa edad na 9, hindi pa ganap ang pag-unlad ng mga bata (developmental immaturity), na nagpapabawas sa kanilang kriminal na pananagutan. Sa ganyang edad, ay tumutuklas pa sila sa buhay.  Maraming pag-aaral sa larangan ng child and adolescent development at juvenile delinquency ang nagpapakita ng mga ebidensiya kung bakit hindi dapat pareho ang paraan ng pagpapanagot sa mga Child In Conflict With The Law (CICL) at sa mga matatandang nagkasala sa batas. Ayon sa Psychological Association Of The Philippines (2016), may mga mahahalagang pagbabago sa kanilang utak, partikular sa prefrontal region, na may kinalaman sa pagpipigil ng mga udyok ng sarili (impulses), sa pagpapasya, sa pagplaplano nang pangmatagalan, sa pagkontrol sa damdamin, at sa pagtitimbang sa mga panganib (risks) at mabubuting bunga (rewards) ng kanilang mga gawain. Bagama’t masasabing kahit papaano ay may kakayahan silang maunawaan kung ano ang tama at mali, kulang pa rin ang kanilang kapasidad, dahil na rin sa kanilang murang edad, na makita ang pangmatagalang epekto ng kanilang mga desisyon sa kanilang sarili at kapaligiran.

      Dahil dito, ginagamit ng mga sindikato ang mga bata bilang instrumento upang maisakatuparan ang kanilang mga iligal na gawain. Sa gayong dahilan, ang mga nasa hustong gulang ang siyang dapat na parusahan, hindi ang mga bata, na biktima lamang ng pagsasamantala at pang-aabuso. Bagkus, sila ay dapat na sagipin mula sa mga kamay ng mga sindikato. Ang mga sindikato ang siyang dapat na hulihin at parusahan. Paliwanag ng Psychological Association of the Philippines (2016), “Ang mga bata ay karaniwang walang laban sa mga pananakot at pamumuwersa ng mga matatanda. Wala silang kalayaang katulad ng sa mga matatanda upang lubusang tumutol at iiwas ang sarili sa mga sitwasyong patungo sa paglabag sa batas.”

       Kung itutuloy ang pagpapababa ng MACR sa 9 taong gulang, makakahalubilo nila ang mga kriminal na nasa hustong gulang at malalantad sila sa kanilang masasamang gawi. Kung gayon, maaaring unti-unti nila itong matutunan hanggang sa masubukan nila ito sa oras na sila ay makalaya. Ang pagkukulong sa mga bata sa mga bilangguan, ay maaaring magtulak pa sa kanilang maging hardened offenders. Ayon sa Psychological Association of the Philippines (2016), ang paglalantad ng mga bata sa pormal na sistemang pangkatarungan, kung saan sila ay itinuturing na mga kriminal at lantad sa impluwensya ng mga kriminal, ay magbubunga sa pagkakaroon nila ng pagkakakilanlang kriminal. Ayon sa mga pag-aaral, ang pagpasok ng mga bata sa pormal na sistemang pangkatarungan ay hindi balakid sa paggawa ng krimen, bagkus ay nagiging sanhi pa ng muli nilang paglabag sa batas.

      Sa pangkalahatan, malinaw na walang magandang maidudulot kung itutuloy ang pagbaba ng MACR. Ang isip ng mga bata ay nasa proseso pa ng pag-unlad. Ang mga ito ay hindi pa ganap na nabubuo hanggang sa young adulthood.  Ang pagpapababa sa edad ng kriminal na pananagutan ay hindi makakapigil sa mga may sapat na gulang na nagkasala mula sa pag-abuso sa mga bata upang gumawa ng mga krimen. Ang mga batang sumasalungat sa batas ay biktima na ng mga pangyayari, karamihan ay dahil sa kahirapan at pagsasamantala ng mga sindikato ng krimen na nasa hustong gulang. Ang mga bata na pinagsasamantalahan at hinihimok ng mga nasa hustong gulang na gumawa ng mga krimen ay kailangang protektahan, hindi mas parusahan. Sa halip ay dapat silang bigyan ng pangalawang pagkakataon na magreporma.

[lobsterplush]

Macre-May season is here!

Macre-May is an art challenge I'm giving myself for the month of May where I post every other day about macrame knots and patterns, with drawings and photos of examples or past projects.

I have three themes for three years in mind:

Basics and intro to 3D projects

Funky designs and playing with color

Challenge designs

Keep in mind that this is more an art challenge where I get to share a hobby of mine and less professional instructions; there's plenty of places online that will tell you how to start and finish a particular project along with cord type and length. What I want to do is give options and inspiration so you can mix and match your own projects.

I tend to make jewelry because I like the long skinny repetitive format, but I also like to use macrame to build 3D objects. So I'm giving myself this art challenge to push me to try out new methods I haven't tried out before but also so I can post instructions for complicated projects and hopefully people can follow the diagram in my art style.

If my instructions are a little too vague or confusing, free-macrame-patterns.com and youtube tutorials are nice places to look up knots and projects, from people who probably have a better camera than I do lol.

Also if anyone makes anything following my instructions, please tag me!!! I would love to see them! <3

#Macre-May #Macre-May 2024 #macrame #art challenge #it's Macre-May because Macra-May looks weird #I do have a new camera but pics can still come out a bit grainy #but whatever #I'm doing this for fun

[solarspirit9]

Your Go-To Guide For Commercial Solar Power System

Commercial property owners are increasingly turning to solar energy to cut costs and save on power bills.

The Solar Energy Industries Association claims that more companies decide to put solar at their sites yearly. And those who currently utilise solar energy are increasing their usage.

Additionally, switching to solar helps them lessen their carbon footprint. It proves to stakeholders and customers that the company is dedicated to sustainability and the switch to renewable energy.

So, what is commercial solar power? The phrase "commercial solar" refers to solar panel installations in the business and industrial sectors.

All solar power usage outside the residential segment (home solar panels) or the utility segment falls under this broad category (solar power plants).

As a result, commercial solar covers not just companies but also charities and governmental agencies.

Commercial solar systems are deployed in various buildings and environments due to the variety of organisations that might employ them and the areas where they operate.

This is in contrast to the utility-scale plants, primarily ground-mounted solar farms, and residential solar plants, mainly on the residences' rooftops.

Commercial building rooftops and awnings, ballasted on flat roofs or other flat surfaces, barns and sheds, and many more places are just a few examples of the various places where commercial solar panel installation may be done.

There are numerous convincing arguments for going solar among enterprises, governmental agencies, and organisations.

Commercial solar panel systems provide the following main incentives and advantages: Electric bill reduction, Solar tax credits and other incentives, MACRS depreciation, Green credentials, Multiple financing choices, and a Short payback period.

First, a brief explanation of some advantages: commercial solar power systems may be created to completely offset an organisation's electricity costs.

Installing a grid-tied system, which enables you to export excess power to the grid and import electricity to make up for deficits when necessary, makes it especially simple to offset your energy expenditure completely.

Additionally, you will be paid the total retail rate for the electricity you export if net metering is an option.

Second, in commercial solar panel installations, solar power generation and energy use frequently align.

That's because solar panels produce energy throughout the day when it's sunny, and most businesses need electricity.

This alignment produces a higher level of self-consumption of solar electricity.

This implies that there is typically less demand for energy storage in commercial solar, which is advantageous because battery solutions raise the upfront prices and payback times of solar.

Solar Spirit specialises in offering solar power solutions for your commercial needs.

We offer a wide range of services relating to solar power systems, such as consultancy and customised solar panel installation setups.

Our specialists spend adequate time training you to assist you in managing your solar power system; we are only a phone call away.

Since our specialists use superior craftsmanship when installing commercial solar panels, you don't have to worry about hiring someone else or doing it yourself.

Our solar goods can power your living space for 25 years with high-quality solar power system services.

You won't ever have to bother turning switches on and off, and maintenance is hassle-free.

So why wait? Get your price quote for commercial solar installation and the best solar inverter in the market today!

#best solar inverter #commercial solar power #commercial solar installation #commercial solar panel installation

[mmorgbud]

Spitfire clothing history

The RAF First Aid Kit is hanging from the waist strap of his B-3 life preserver. Merriman of the 20th FG 79th SQ, posed with three of his ground crew. I'll simply list the items in photo and you find them: A-11, Type-C's, AN-H-15, B-8's, A-14's, B-2's, B-8's again, B-10's, M-3's, B-4's, AN-6550/AN- S-31A "Crusher" and P-51 (Further down this page is a second group of pilots from this same FG SQ). For you beginning collectors, I will make this a test photo. That hose is from the anti-G suit Type G-1 or Type G-2. The pilot on the far left has a hose extending from the waist. Shown circled are the RAF first aid packets. (F-7) Shown above is a an excellent photo of a group of 364th FG pilots. 1 large wound dressing / and 1 safety pin. Either way, both kits contained the following: 2 morphine syringes / 2 anti-burn mitten-gloves / 1 tube of anti-burn jelly 1 oz. One refers to the anti-burn gloves as mittens while the other kit describes them as gloves. The only difference is the printing of contents. The one kit displayed on my fighter pilot is stamped MkIII. RAF: Flying Equipment of the Air War, 1939-45", there were 3 variants of the Aircrew First aid kit - The Mk I, MkII and MkIII. (F-6) According to Mick Prodger's excellent book "Luftwaffe vs. Also in the photo, the connection point for the life raft is shown clearly. One can only speculate on how or why some of these kits wound up in some of the fighter groups. This RAF kit shows up in a few photographs, but not as prevalent as the US parachute first aid kit. (F-5) Shown above is a closer look how the RAF First aid Kit was hung from the life preserver strap. bomber crews, but were much more prevalent with U.S. These gloves show up in a few photos of U.S. (F-4) Shown above is the RAF 1941 pattern gloves accompanied by the silk inserts. The men are shown turning in their personal items before going out on another mission. He too was shot down and became a POW in Nov. Jensen wearing the tanker jacket and pants/coveralls. Garlock who was shot down May 1944 and became a POW. Larsen wearing the tanker pants/coveralls that go with the tanker jacket. (F-3) Shown above are three pilots of the 55th FG. Its use decreased when the B-10 jacket and A-9 pants arrived. The jacket and pant/coveralls were made of the same material and had the wool blanket type lining. It was warmer than the A-2 jacket and more comfortable to wear. The name "tanker jacket" seems to be the term mostly used. (F-2) Shown above is the Tanker Jacket or Combat Jacket. Several of these items are shown in more detail in the photos below. Plus one more RAF item, the AM (Air Ministry) marked whistle. issued first aid kit, the AN-6530 goggles, the A-14 oxygen mask with T-44 mic installed. issue: The tanker jacket and pants/coveralls (shown folded in front), the B-3 life preserver, the B-8 parachute with the U.S. Additional RAF items shown above are the 1940 pattern flying boots, the white silk gloves worn under the 1943 pattern gloves and the RAF 1942 pattern type C helmet. The RAF first aid kit did not replace the standard issue first aid kit tied to every parachute, but was an addition. The RAF first aid kit shows up in the 20th and 364th FGs and possibly more. My figure is based on the many pilots of the 20th and 55th FGs. (F-1) Shown above is one example of what fighter pilots wore late 1943 into the first half of 1944. Parachutes 1943-1945 "Little Friends" Fighter Pilot Gear Tuskegee Airmen Dressing for a Mission Introduction / Photo Shoot Flight Gear 1943 Flight Gear 1944-1945 / F-2 Heated Suitįlight Gear 1944-1945 / F-3 Heated Suit Headgear / Oxygen Masks / Boots Flak Vests / Helmets / Misc Photos copyright ©2006-2018 by Ed Nored, used by permission Mission Reports Combat Crews Individual Photos Photos POW KIA MACR Overseas Graves TAPS Personnel Aircraft Nose Art B-17 Thunderbird Ground Support Uniforms Journals More Info Home About Us Contact Us Donate Newsletters 8th AFHS Links FAQ Facebook Search

#Spitfire clothing history

[usafphantom2]

B-24H-5-FO #42-7744 Shack Happy #41

449th BG - 717th BS

Shot down 5 May 1944 mission to Ploesti, Romania with the Morton Crew, MACR 4714

[cnbiz]

Small Business Tax Deduction: Capital expenses

Before digging out the capital expenses we should be clear in expenses and losses as both decreases owner’s, shareholder’s equity. The difference between expenses and losses is that we can’t get any benefit from losses vs. we will get benefit from the expenses. Expenses can be of two types: Capital nature expenses and revenue nature expenses. Revenue nature expenses are short term in nature and benefits can be derived only for short period of time e.g. for less than one year. In this article we are going to discuss about capital expenses which can be claimed as amortization. We will discuss Depreciation and revenue nature expenses separately in next article. Any expenditure whose benefit can be derived for more than one year is capital expenditure.

The IRS views capital expenses as investments in the business, thus the business can't simply deduct the money spent on the asset from its gross income. The money hasn't really left the business, it was just transformed into an asset that the business hopes will generate more money. Deductions for capital expenses typically must occur over several years, except where Section 179 applies. Spreading the deduction over multiple tax years - also known as "amortization" or "depreciation" or depletion - helps businesses to accurately assess their profitability from year to year.

The Internal Revenue Service has provided several rules for capital expenses which can be claimed as depreciation, amortization and depletion in preparing income tax return. If the capital nature expenses are incurred to obtain asset which has physical existence those we can touch, feel and see, then this type of expenses can be claimed as depreciation. If the capital expenditure is incurred to obtain benefits for several years whose physical existence does not exist, such type of expenses can be claimed as amortization or depletion.

Amortization of Capital Expenses can be summarized as follows:

a) Start-up Cost: Expenses which could be deducted as an ordinary and necessary business expenses if the business is already operating or in existence and incurs before the active trade or business begins are start-up cost. Start-up cost include an analysis or survey of potential markets, products, labor supply; advertisement for the opening of the business; salaries and fees paid to employees or professionals; travel and other necessary cost for securing prospective distributors, suppliers or customers.

The IRS says that start up costs are amount paid or incurred for:

Creating an active trade or business or

Investigating the creation or acquisition of an active trade or business.

The IRS regulation state that business start-up costs are typically considered capital expenses because they are for the the long term, not just the first year. Start-up cost can be deducted up-to $5,000 in the first year of business. This deduction is restricted if you have over $50,000 in start-up costs. Any start-up cost which can’t be claim as deduction in first year can be deducted in 180 months as amortization.

b) Organizational Costs: Organization costs for tax purposes are costs incurred in forming a partnership or corporation, including the legal fees for drafting a partnership agreement or corporate charter and bylaws, necessary accounting services in forming the entity, filing fees, and costs of organizational meetings of stockholders and directors. Amounts paid to organize a corporation are the direct expenses of creating the corporation or partnership. A corporation using the cash method of accounting can amortize the organizational cost in the first year of business even if doesn’t pay cash to them. A partnership using the cash method of accounting can deduct an organizational cost only if it has been paid in that year.

Examples of cost of organization include cost of temporary directors, the cost of organizational meetings, state registration fees, the cost of legal services etc. The organizational cost treatment for IRS is almost like start- up cost. If the expense is below $50,000, the amount of$5,000 can be deducted in the year of first year of business. Remaining expense can be claimed as amortization in 180 months.

c) Cost of Getting a Lease: Very often when  an existing lease is obtained from another lessee,  the amount must be paid to the previous lessee to get the lease, besides having to pay the rent on the lease Cost paid to previous lessee for getting the lease besides having to pay the rent or lease should be amortized in remaining period of lease. For example, if $10,000 is paid to get a lease and there are 10 years remaining on the lease with no option to renew, $1,000 can be deducted each year. The cost of getting an existing lease of tangible property is not subject to the amortization rules for section 197 intangibles discussed in.

d) Improvements by Lessee: Cost of the improvement in leased property or making permanent improvement to leased property should be depreciated using the modified accelerated cost recovery system (MACRS). Depreciate the property over its appropriate recovery period.  The cost of improvement in leased property can’t be amortized over the remaining term of the lease. If the improvement has to give up at the end of lease, gain or loss should be figured out based on adjusted basis in the improvements at that time.

e) Exploration Costs: The costs of determining the existence, location, extent, or quality of any mineral deposit are ordinarily capital expenditures if the costs lead to the development of a mine. These costs can be recovered through depletion as the mineral is removed from the ground. However, it can be elected to deduct domestic exploration costs paid or incurred before the beginning of the development stage of the mine (except those for oil and gas wells). A corporation (other than an S corporation) can deduct only 70% of its domestic exploration costs. It must capitalize the remaining 30% of costs and amortize them over the 60-month period starting with the month the exploration costs are paid or incurred. A corporation may also elect to capitalize and amortize mining exploration costs over a 10-year period.

f) Barrier Removal Costs The cost of an improvement to a business asset is normally a capital expense. However, it can be elected to deduct the costs of making a facility or public transportation vehicle more accessible to and usable by those who are disabled or elderly. The facility or vehicle for use in connection with trade or business should be owned or leased. The most you can deduct as a The cost of removing barriers to the disabled and the elderly for any tax year can be deducted up-to $15,000. However, any costs over this limit can be added to the basis of the property and depreciated these excess costs.

g) Section 197 Intangibles: Generally, the section 197 intangibles in connection with trade or business or in an activity engaged in for the production of income should be amortized ratably over a 15-year period.

The following assets are section 197 intangibles and must be amortized over 180 months. 1. Goodwill. 2. Going concern value. 3. Workforce in place. 4. Business books and records, operating systems, or any other information base, including lists or other information concerning current or prospective customers. 5. A patent, copyright, formula, process, design, pattern, know-how, format, or similar item. A customer-based intangible. 7. A supplier-based intangible. 8. Any item similar to items 3 through 7. 9. A license, permit, or other right granted by a governmental unit or agency (including issuance and renewals). 10. A covenant not to compete entered into in connection with the acquisition of an interest in a trade or business. 11. Any franchise, trademark, or trade name. 12. A contract for the use of, or a term interest in, any item in this list.