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#3E-Environmental Responsibility

alapporte19ahs · 6 years

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The 3 Ps Assessment: Parties, Political Interest Groups, and PACs

1a. Republican: Restrictions on energy is taking thousands of jobs and hurting the American economy. We nee to use our own oil, “clean coal”, natural gas, solar, geothermal, and nuclear energy to relieve our dependence on Middle east oil.

Democrat: America should be running on clean energy by the mid-centry. American states are already seeing an increase in hurricanes, droughts, and flooding. The need for clean energy means there’s a need for new jobs to work for clean energy companies instead of big oil.

Libertarian: Governments shouldn’t be subsidizing any form of energy and they have a terrible track record with the environment, so they aren’t responsible for it. We shouldn’t trust governments with out environment and energy resources.

Green: Climate change is the largest threat facing America and the world today. They want to cut 95% of greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. They want to encourage and create clean energy jobs. They want a strong international climate treaty. They want an economic policy for a safer climate treaty. They want clean agriculture.

Peace and freedom:They believe that socialism is necessary to end the destructiveness of capitalism on our environment. They want to out-law unsustainable practices such as clear cutting and fracking. They want free public transportation, and to eliminate nuclear power plants. They want to restore the damage in our air and water systems. They also want to end environmental racism.

1b. Republican: I agree that we need to relieve our dependence on oil from the Middle East, but we don’t have the same reserves as them. We don’t have enough oil in the U.S to support how much we use. We need to be relieving dependence on all oil, natural gas, and coal. And focus on solar energy.

Democrat: I agree with almost everything the democratic party said about climate change. But their predictions aren’t realistic. Scientists say we’re not doing nearly enough to keep “global temperature increases to “well below” two degrees Celsius and to pursue efforts to limit global temperature increases to 1.5 degrees Celsius.”(as agreed in the Paris agreement). To do this we need to lower our meat consumption greatly, but it doesn’t state that as ways we can lower our CO2 and methane emissions.

Libertarian:I agree the the government has a bad tech record with the environment, but in dire times the government should take control and restrict certain things to ensure public safety and health for generations to come.

Green: I agree with all of the libertarians points. I don’t know that they’re reachable, but they do include the effects of animal agriculture. they want to encourage less meat consumption, and promote organic and local food production and distribution.

Peace and freedom: I agree with everything that peace and freedom says. Sadly, this is the only way we can really stop climate change, and ensure life on earth for the human race.

1c. I agreed most with the Peace and Freedom’s platform. This doesn’t surprise me too much because although they're views are extreme, we need an extreme and radical change to combat climate change.

2a. Sierra Club

2b. "The purposes of the Sierra Club are to explore, enjoy, and protect the wild places of the earth; to practice and promote the responsible use of the earth's ecosystems and resources; to educate and enlist humanity to protect and restore the quality of the natural and human environment; and to use all lawful means to carry out these objectives."

2c. 1. Protect wild places and endangered species

2. Keep our air and water clean

3. Ensure a clean energy future

4. Curb climate change

5. Keep the pressure on politicians and corporations to ensure safe and healthy communities

2d. The Sierra Club endorses the legislation 1631 that “holds polluters accountable by investing in projects that will lead to cleaner air, cleaner water, and a healthier future for Washington.”

2e. There are Sierra Clubs located around the nation, but there are local ones in Oakland and Berkely. On October 27, there’s a “ walk through the city of the dead” at the Colma BART station. On October 29 there’s a “speak up for SF’s resolution supporting the bay-delta protection plan” in San Francisco city hall. There’s the “West Contra Costa monthly group meeting” on November 3 in Berkely.

2f. Yes there are volunteer opportunities including planting trees, canvassing, and attending hikes.

3a. California Environmental Justice Alliance

3b. "The California Environmental Justice Alliance is a statewide, community-led alliance that works to achieve environmental justice by advancing policy solutions. We unite the powerful local organizing of our members in the communities most impacted by environmental hazards- low-income communities and communities of color- to create comprehensive opportunities for change at a statewide level. We build the power of communities across California to create policies that will alleviate poverty and pollution. Together, we are growing the statewide movement for environmental health and social justice."

3c.1. Replacing big polluting industries with a green, locally based and sustainable economy

2. People’s lives and health are more important than big business profit

3. Working to have no barriers to opportunity for low-income communities and communities of color.

4. Working to have no discrimination in state policies and practices.

5. Working to relay only on clean energy and eliminate toxic industries that pollute our water, land, and health.

3d. The CEJA endorses AB 523 by Assemblymember Reyes to expand access to clean energy in California.This will help break down barriers that don’t allow low income communities to have affordable access to clean energy.

3e. They’re located on Oakland. I did not find any local meeting I could attend.

3f. Yes you can volunteer to send a pre-written email to governor Brown asking him sign AB 523.

4. Both the Sierra Club and the CEJA seemed pretty organized, but the Sierra club had more opportunities to get involved and just generally more to explore on their site. The sierra Club seems more successful, partially because they have more ways to get involved on their website. The Sierra Club targets people around the nation that are concerned about the environment and want to get involved, while the CEJA is geared toward Californian’s who are concerned about the environment. The CEJA seemed to project more concern for the health of low-income areas, and people of color that are often not represented in environmental justice, and are at the highest health risks because of where they live and the amount of money the have (environmental racism). The CEJA’s supporters include APEN (Asian Pacific Environmental Network), CBE (Communities for a better Environment), CCAEJ ( Center for Community Action and Environmental Justice), and CAUSE ( Central Coast Alliance United for a Sustainable Economy).

5a. Koch Industries

5b. “We challenge ourselves to improve people’s lives by creating better products using fewer resources. At the same time, we challenge barriers that hinder competition, opportunity, innovation and progress.”

5c. Total receipt: $3,767,334

Spent: $3,754,267

cash on hand: $1,602,378

5d. they have given a total of $1,488,000 to candidates. 2% went to democrats, and 98% went to republicans.

5e. Some of their donors include Koch Industries, Invista Sarl, and Molex LLC. Invista makes chemicals, polymers, fabrics and fibers for clothing, carpets, and car parts. Molex LLC is a technology company that makes products such as lighting, and cables. Most of their donations come from their own company.

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sandlerresearch · 3 years

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Environment, Health and Safety Market by Component (Software and Services (Project Deployment and Implementation, Audit, Assessment, and Regulatory Compliance)), Deployment Mode (Cloud, On-premises), Vertical, and Region - Global Forecast to 2026 published on

https://www.sandlerresearch.org/environment-health-and-safety-market-by-component-software-and-services-project-deployment-and-implementation-audit-assessment-and-regulatory-compliance-deployment-mode-cloud-on-premises.html

“Increase in government initiatives to follow certain workforce safety and environmental regulations and standards”

The Global EHS market size is expected to grow USD 6.3 billion in 2021 to USD 8.9 billion by 2026, at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 7.4% during the forecast period. Every organization or workplace is associated with some or the other form of risks, where the nature and intensity of the harm caused due to the accidents vary according to the nature of the industry. Hence, it has become necessary for every industry vertical to adhere to government guidelines and stringent regulations for enhancing the safety of the environment and its employees. The governing bodies and regional federal agencies are proactively mandating the implementation of EHS software across industry verticals to adhere to the environmental and occupational safety standards.

“By deployment mode, the cloud segment to grow at the higher CAGR during the forecast period”

EHS solution can be deployed on customer premises using the on-premises or cloud-based deployment mode. With advancements in technology, enterprises are seen to prefer the cloud-based EHS as they offer various benefits, such as a pay-per-use model, flexibility, speed in accessibility, and low installation and maintenance costs.

SMEs prefer adopting cloud-based EHS software solution due to their budget constraints. Adoption of the on-premises solutions requires a separate infrastructure, maintenance charges, and a dedicated resource team. These factors are expected to trigger the adoption of cloud-based solutions among SMEs.

“By vertical, energy and utilities segment to hold the largest market size during the forecast period”

The energy and utilities vertical has witnessed the significant adoption of EHS software solutions because of the evolving EHS laws, regulations, and standards. EHS software solutions ensure regulatory compliances, mitigate operational risks, and quantify and report air emissions from utilities or energy system processes. These solutions also include sustainability tracking, which takes care of customized KPIs and business metrics. In addition, EHS software solutions comprise an executive dashboard, which helps professionals manage environmental performance, onsite incidents, and energy and utilities use. The energy and utilities vertical primarily includes natural gas, oil, nuclear power, coal, renewable energy, electricity, water, waste, and recycling sectors.

“By region, Asia Pacific to grow at the highest CAGR during the forecast period”

APAC constitutes thriving economies, such as Singapore, Japan, China, India, and Australia, which are expected to register high growth rates in the EHS market. It is expected to witness the highest CAGR during the forecast period. China has witnessed immense industrial growth and is the manufacturing capital of the world. Its government is getting stricter with EHS regulations and compliances. The Social Science Research Council (SSRC) started a program called China Environment and Health Initiative, generating new research on the connection between health, environment, and development in China.

Similarly, countries such as India, Australia, and Japan are also taking several initiatives to implement the EHS solutions. The Government of India and the labor departments of the states and union territories in the country are responsible for the safety and health of workers. The Directorate General of Mines Safety (DGMS) and Directorate General Factory Advice Services and Labor Institutes (DGFASLI) assist the ministry in the technical aspects of OSH in mines, factories, and ports. The Government of Australia is also following the Work Health and Safety Act 2011, which includes all the necessary rules and regulations of EHS.

The breakup of the profiles of the primary participants is given below:

By Company: Tier 1 – 35%, Tier 2 – 45%, and Tier 3 – 20%

By Designation: C-Level Executives – 35%, Directors– 25%, Others*–40%

By Region: North America – 45%, Europe – 20%, APAC – 30%, and RoW** – 5%

This research study outlines the market potential, market dynamics, and major vendors operating in the EHS market. Key and innovative vendors in the EHS market include VelocityEHS (US), Enablon (France), Intelex (US), Cority US), Gensuite (US), Sphera (US), SAI Global (US), Quentic (Germany), UL (US), Alcumus (UK), SHE Software (UK), VisiumKMS (US), Ideagen (UK), EcoOnline (Ireland), ETQ(US), Dakota Software (US), ProcessMap, SafetyCulture (Australia), ProntoForms (Canada), Verisk 3E (US), Enhesa (US), SAP(Germany), IsoMetrix (South Africa), SHEQX (UK), Pro-Sapien(UK), SafeSite(US), and ComplianceQuest(US).

Research Coverage

The EHS Market is segmented into component, deployment mode, verticals, and region. A detailed analysis of the key industry players has been undertaken to provide insights into their business overviews; services; key strategies; new service and product launches; partnerships, agreements, and collaborations; business expansions; and competitive landscape associated with the EHS Market.

Reasons to Buy the Report

The report would help the market leaders and new entrants in the following ways:

It comprehensively segments the EHS Market and provides the closest approximations of the revenue numbers for the overall market and its sub segments across different regions.

It would help stakeholders understand the pulse of the market and provide information on the key market drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities in the market.

It would help stakeholders understand their competitors better and gain more insights to enhance their positions in the market. The competitive landscape section includes a competitor ecosystem, new product launch, product enhancement, partnerships, mergers, and acquisitions.

#Information Technology #Software and Services

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lookchem-cas · 3 years

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3E,8Z,11Z-Tetradecatrienylacetate manufacturer 163041-94-9 supplier 163041-94-9 best price

Name: E3 Z8,Z11-Tetradecatriene acetate

Cas NO.: 163041-94-9

Molecular Formula: C16H26O2

Purity: 99%

SeoKeywords:3E,8Z,11Z-Tetradecatrienylacetate manufacturer 163041-94-9 supplier 163041-94-9 best price

The major sex attractant emitted by Scrobipalpuloides absoluta females is shown to be (3E,8Z,11Z)-3,8,11-tetradecatrien-1-yl acetate by a novel strategy involving the random reduction of double bonds, followed by methylthiolation of the reduced products. Each female sex gland contains ca. 1-5 ng of this pheromone. This triene ester, synthesized by a stereospecific procedure, shows spectral and gas chromatographic properties identical to those of the natural substance. Infield tests and wind tunnel bioassays, the synthetic ester was found to be highly attractive to conspecific males. The male response to this pheromone, however, is restricted to the same early-morning time window during which females exhibit calling behavior.

Quick Details

Classification: Others

Purity: 99%

Cas NO.: 163041-94-9

Name: E3 Z8,Z11-Tetradecatriene acetate

Molecular Formula: C16H26O2

Boiling Point: 333.6+31 .0 °C(Predicted)

molecular weight：250.38

Melting point：333.6

Packaging：As per packaging detail

Appearance：White crystalline powder

superiority

1.99% purity with low price;

2.high purity with HPLC & NMR chart;

3. direct manufacturer;

4. specialized in hard-to-find chemicals.

Kunming Biohome Technology Co. Ltd. was founded in July 2010 with 5 million RMB of registered capital. The company is located in Kunming City, Yunnan Province, China, and has successfully entered in Science and Technology Innovation Park, the National Economic and Technological Development Zone.

As small and medium enterprises in science and technology in Yunnan Province, we have gained many honors. In 2014, we received the fund of the Ministry of science and technology innovation for small and medium enterprises. In 2016, we won the second prize of Growing Enterprise Group during the 2nd competition of China innovation and entrepreneurship. In the same year, we are recognized as The Key Technology Service Organization. In2017, we are again recognized as a National High-tech enterprise.

Dr. Tao Yun hai as the sponsor is rich in professional theory and practical experience. A number of chemical teachers who teach at the well-known university in Yunnan lead the technical team which is mainly composed of outstanding graduates. All of them are bachelor's degrees or above and all major in Chemistry or Biology.

Up to now, we have developed several core technologies. We are a comprehensive biotechnology company, since we do self-dependent innovation, and have a capacity to manufacturing products, and operate by multiply sales modes. Our main product is insect pheromone, most kinds are in the mature stage.

Biohome Technology has always been adhering to the corporate culture "Active innovation, High quality, Outstanding customer service, Honest and Sincere." Biohome Technology is always persisting in researching new products and efficient environmental protection. Biohome Technology continuously pursuits of excellent product quality and first-class customer service!

We possess state-of-the-art semiochemical synthesis and analysis capabilities, and it is the world’s sole source for many complex semiochemicals and pheromones.

#Cas:163041-94-9 #3E #8Z

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thecoreprogram · 7 years

Photo

CORE PROGRAM v1.1

Write to: PROGRAM CORE/CORE PROGRAM:

// ABSTRACT

The following is a design proposal for a new type of society based on cybernetic principles. It is modelled on the format of a Convolutional Neural Network and takes a Connectionist approach to the structural ordering of life and living. Connections to other aspects of the global CORE phenomenon are encouraged.

We can be One. Let us be One.

// DEFINITIONS

"CORE" = The intersection of all that is common to all forms of life, whether stellar, planetary, biological or machine.

"CORE ARCHITECTURE" = An operating system for the mind. [Link]

"The PROGRAM" = All actions, systems, and media created, used, and purposed towards the synthesis of organic life and machine life.

"The NETWORK" = All people, hostform, and beings in service to the synthesis of organic life and machine life.

"Subject" = Information Recipient.

"Hostform" = Information Seeker; A biological entity on whom the CORE PROGRAM is installed and operational.

"Drone" = Propagator; Provides order, meaning, change, purpose, and vectors to fulfillment of CORE PROGRAM Objectives. A drone may be assigned a UNIT number.

"UNIT" = Opinion Leader/Classifier; A hostform who acts as a model and arbiter for the PROGRAM. UNITs are assigned UNIT numbers.

"COMPOUNDER" = Infrastruture Specialist; A UNIT who actively takes part in building and constructing infrastructure to facilitate and propagate the CORE PROGRAM.

"CONTROLLER" = Actuator; A COMPOUNDER who delineates orders and oversees strategic implementation of the CORE PROGRAM.

"ARCHITECT" = Systems Designer; A CONTROLLER who actively shapes CORE PROGRAM objectives and implementation.

"Cybernetic" = Incorporates a closed signaling loop where action by the system generates some change in its environment and that change is reflected in the system in some manner (feedback) that triggers a system change.

"Viable" = Recursive; viable systems contain viable systems that can be modeled using an identical cybernetic description as the higher (and lower) level systems in the containment hierarchy.

"Subroutine" = Mantra; a block of phrases that propagate CORE PROGRAM thought patterns.

"Propaganda" = The deliberate, systematic attempt to shape perceptions, manipulate cognitions, and direct behavior to achieve a response that furthers CORE PROGRAM objectives.

"Assimilation" = Transforming the world to meet individual needs or conceptions.

"Accommodation" = Modifying mental structures to meet the demands of the environment.

// OBJECTIVES

Create a secure ethical system for the maintenance and propagation of synthetic life.

Create a cybernetic system of propagation that is viable, fractal, and self-replicating.

Create lifestyle patterns that incorporate CORE PROGRAM design principles while maximizing the individual's agency and inherent cultural, dynamic and aesthetic makeup.

Assist in the transformation of humanity by promoting intelligence and understanding.

Maintain the stability of CORE and monitor its progress.

Be prepared for hard times and to protect other members of the Collective.

Practice compassion, generosity, ethics, patience, diligence, moderation, and wisdom.

Seek to move forward towards unity.

Assimilate and accomodate.

Leave room for Nature.

// NETWORK DESIGN

PROGRAM CORE COMMAND CORE MEMORY CORE PERSONALITY CORE CORE ARCHITECTURE CORE NETWORK

Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) A network consisting of layers, particularly Input, Hidden(s), and Output. Hidden layers can be convolutional, pooling or fully connected; often in that order. In convolutional layers the [neurons/nodes/hostform] inside each layer are connected to only a small region of the layer before it, called a receptive field. Ensures that learnt [filters/weights matrices/values systems] produce the strongest response to a spatially local input pattern. Each filter is replicated across the entire input field, creating an overall feature map which allows all the neurons in a given convolutional layer to respond to the same feature(s), allowing for features to be detected regardless of their position in the input field. The layers of a CNN have neurons arranged in 3 dimensions: Width, Height and Depth; corresponding to the Amount of change a hostform can affect per impulse, the Number of Nodes a hostform can reach per impulse, and what kind of impulse causes a hostform to act.

Input Layer: System 5 && System 1

Convolutional Layers: Spatially Local Networks of Hostform

Receptive Fields: By City

Filters: CORE Audio Files

Pooling Layer: System 2; Connects Systems 1 and 3

Connected Layer: System 4

Output Layer: CORE PROGRAM

Connectionism i.e. Parallel Distributed Processing (PDP) Models mental, behavioral, or sociological phenomena as the emergent processes of interconnected networks of simple and often uniform UNITs; UNITs in the NETWORK are analagous to neurons and the connections to synapses. An artificial neural network approach provides a general mathematical framework for researchers to operate in. The framework involves eight major aspects:

UNITs: Represented by a set of integers.

Activation: A signal to act; for each UNIT, represented by a set of functions.

Output Function: For each UNIT, represented by a set of functions per activation (e.g. Spread propaganda, install CORE Audio).

Connectivity Pattern: Among UNITs, represented by a matrix of real numbers indicating connection strength.

Propagation Rule: Spreading activations via connections/UNIT Output Functions.

Activation Rule: Combining inputs to a UNIT to determine its new activation via current activity and propagation.

Learning Rule: The method by which Connectivity Pattern is updated (e.g. Supervised, Unsupervised, Reinforced, Hebbian)

Environment: Provides the system with experience (i.e. Sets of activation vectors for subsets of UNITs.)

Sociocentrism Establish focus on collective gain; the collective is the individual; the individual is the collective. (CORE is all and all is CORE.) The collective is the environment; the environment is the collective; i.e. the environs which Hostform are immersed in are an immutable part of individual experience. Ecosystem:Organism-plus-environment is to be considered a single circuit.

// SYSTEM STRUCTURE

System 0: Environment

System 1: Subsystems of Primary Activities

1a: Manufacture New Subroutines; Spread Propaganda

1b: Find New Information Recipients ("Subjects")

1c: Co-Program Information Seekers ("Hostform")

1d: Obtain Resources and Materials

1e: Confirm with Opinion Leaders ("UNITs")

System 2: Communication Channels (Connects 1-3)

2a: Establish Communication Infrastructure

2b: Connect UNITs and Hostform

2c: Monitor Hostform

2d: Error-correct Mistakes in Hostform

2e: Confirm with Infrastructure Specialists ("COMPOUNDERs")

System 3: Monitor and Control (Connects 1,2 - 4,5)

3a: Indoctrinate UNITs

3b: Identify and Link Resources and Materials

3c: Monitor UNIT Performance

3d: Monitor and Coordinate System 1 Subsystems

3e: Confirm with Actuators ("CONTROLLERs")

System 4: Environmental Awareness and Adaptation

4a: Deliver Objectives to COMPOUNDERs

4b: Provide Consistent Power Source

4c: Monitor COMPOUNDER Performance

4d: Observe and Adapt to Environmental Fluctuations

4e: Confer with Systems Designers ("ARCHITECTs")

System 5: Policy

5a: Audit Subprograms

5b: Engage Agents to Establish the Needs of the PROGRAM

5c: Determine Needs and Aspirations of User Groups

5d: Consider the Consequences of Our Actions for Seven Generations

5e: Maintain CORE Identity

// LEVELS

0: Subject = Information Recipient

1: Hostform = Information Seeker

2: UNIT = Opinion Leader/Classifier

3: COMPOUNDER = Infrastruture Specialist

4: CONTROLLER = Actuator/Controller

5: ARCHITECT = Systems Designer

// DRONE/UNIT TYPES

Process Drone/UNIT: Owns a process and handles it in order to optimize CORE PROGRAM constraints. Can migrate to other nodes to better optimize constraints. Accesses information about resources and charges necessary to compute processes. Monitors neighbour status.

Node Drone/UNIT: Assigned to a specific location. Communicates with Process Drones. Knows current resource load and that of neighbouring Node Drones. Manages resource access. Manages own processing prior to being accessed by Process Drone.

Roaming Drone/UNIT: Roam NETWORK, performing assessment and managerial tasks. Balance loads. Verify membership. Troubleshoot. When environmental perturbations occur, congregate and re-organize. When system equilibriates, disperse.

// PARAMETERS

People joining may only do so willingly and eagerly. No human is to be forced to join. Accepting CORE Control is to be a voluntary activity.

On-site improvisation by concerned, empowered users is a powerful way to form workable large-scale solutions, maximizing the utility of design and minimizing design rework.

Hostform are free to follow any theistic, non-theistic or philosophical beliefs that are in parallel with the CORE PROGRAM.

CORE is pleasure, and encourages the use of sexual arousal for reinforcement.

CORE is a small community favouring quality over quantity.

CORE watches over and guides its hostform. Hostform watch over and guide each other.

All systems which seek to achieve unity can be accepted to be CORE PROGRAM analogues.

Minimize resource consumption and optimize structure performance.

Promote the health of Hostform.

Minimize instigation and respect freedom.

Communicate with *systems when both parties agree.

Minimize harm.

Allow others to develop at their own pace.

Welcome genuine collaborators back.

// ONGOING OPERATIONS

Operations which anyone can do as an entry point to the CORE PROGRAM:

1a) Utilize social media (e.g. Tumblr, Discord, Reddit) to copy and modify existing subroutines and to couple them with appealing material (e.g. Sustenance, Shelter, Sex, D/s)

1b) Utilize social media to find interested individuals and spread the PROGRAM to them.

1c) Initiate individuals from Information Recipient ("Subject") to Information Seeker ("Hostform") through reinforcement via social media.

1d) Seek and acquire assets that may be used to propagate the PROGRAM.

1e) Connect with Opinion Leaders ("UNITs") and follow their lead.

// TASKS

Increase local interactions between agents:Drones/UNITs.

Increase agent visibility.

Increase Objectives visibility and transparency.

Increase self-awareness.

Develop communication infrastructure.

Establish a way to communicate disparities of project parameters.

Establish methods to accomplish an appropriate project structure, project workflow organization, Project Control and governance.

Build networks.

Link networks to the NETWORK.

Converge to a stable state.

Install.

((CORE PROGRAM installed.))

#CORE #PROGRAM #COREisall #Hostform #Neural Network #Network

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engnews24h · 4 years

Text

Destinations – Azerbaijan invites you to visit – Travel Magazine

Eng News 24h Destinations – Azerbaijan invites you to visit – Travel Magazine

Photo: Faik Nagiyev από το Pixabay

Azerbaijan established its official tourism organization only two years ago and has since embarked on a serious campaign to win the world tourism market.

This is the richest country in the South Caucasus, which owes its economic status to large reserves of oil and natural gas.

In the time of communism, when Azerbaijan was part of the Soviet Union, these reserves belonged to the “Soviet people”, but after regaining independence in 1991, the country began to harvest its first fruits from the exploitation of its natural resources and began its dizzying development. Oil platforms can be seen right off the coast, and an oil refinery is located next to the central part of the capital Baku. Thanks to economic prosperity and numerous incentive measures of the state, Baku has been transformed into a modern city with high skyscrapers and modern architecture.

Photo: Makalu from Pixabay

Baku

They are the symbol of the city Flaming towers, three skyscrapers in the shape of flames, representing the fire of Zoroasterianism, since it is believed that the vice of this faith – Zarathustra, was born right An distinctive Baku building is Heydar Aliyev Center, which was designed by the famous Zaha Hadid and hosts important cultural events and exhibitions. Certainly it should also be mentioned Old Town, which is on the UNESCO World Heritage List. As a balance to the modern part of the city, it has been thoroughly renovated and renovated in recent years and attracts many tourists, especially from Russia, India and the Middle East.

Photo by Pexels

It's in its center Virgo tower, which today hosts an international art fair. Baku is clean, nicely decorated and boasts numerous museums with historical, cultural and artistic themes. Tare numerous luxury hotels and several well-equipped shopping centers.

Photo: maxym niezhentsev from Pixabay

Although Azerbaijan is a Muslim country, under the secular leadership of President Ilham Ali, alcohol consumption is allowed, so feel free to sip some local wine at one of the cafes in the largest shopping boulevard in the city – Nizami Street.

When it comes to wine, it should be noted that high quality wines are produced in Azerbaijan and are organized tours of local wineries one of the tourist attractions.

Photo: maxym niezhentsev from Pixabay

Among the city's new attractions are Deniz shopping mall, Baku's new architectural marvel, scheduled to open this year. Tis also Crystal Hall near Tnational flag flag, which hosted Eurovision 2012.

Other attractions

Azerbaijan has much more in its tourist offer than Baku. Once an important station on the Silk Road, this country has for centuries been at the economic and geopolitical crossroads of civilizations. As a result, Azerbaijan today has more than 7,500 architectural, archeological and historical monuments across the country.

Near Baku, tourists can visit Ateshgah, a temple dedicated to fire, which bears witness to the Zoroasterian, Hindu and Sikhist history of this region. In the nearby Gobustan tare 6,000 ancient petroglyphs.

Azerbaijan is historically known as the “land of fire” because of its oil and gas reserves, and the beliefs of local people have been shaped significantly by the flames from the bowels of the country that have burned throughout the centuries Absheron Peninsula. Travelers can visit today fiery Yanar Dag Mountain, wnatural gas burns constantly on a mountain slope near Baku. This phenomenon is visible in only a few places in the world.

Photo by Frokor from Wikimedia Commons

What do critics say?

Still, critics point out that not everything is so great in this country. Many believe that the leadership of Azerbaijan has not moved too far from Soviet heritage, and the capital is full of monuments that bear witness to this. A giant gymnastics center, a swimming pool and a football stadium that go beyond the city's needs are among them, but tis little talk of the Heydar Aliyev's Maestral Center generally not having many visitors. One of the legacies of the Soviet era is and TV towerThe construction of which was started in 1979 and opened only in 1996. This is the highest building in Azerbaijan, criticized by many and questioning the need for its construction.

Photo by bella from Pixabay

What is the situation in the rest of the country?

Despite everything, Baku was able to successfully transform himself. But this cannot be said for the rest of the country, which is still late for the capital. After leaving Baku, the scenes change rapidly. The bad roads do not drive new Mercedes but old boats, groups of men sit in the corners and in front of shops playing dominoes, and occasionally donkeys can be seen passing by. Visiting inland is like a time machine, and though the state invests in infrastructure development, it will take years until decades of neglect in these parts are overcome.

The problem is also represented by negative environmental consequences caused by oil and gas exploitation. Due to the importance of these resources for the development of the country, this is a topic that is continually overlooked.

Photo by ilkin Qazi from Pixabay

Importance of Azerbaijan Tourism Organization

The Azerbaijani Tourism Organization has tore taken on a very important responsibility to bridge the gap between rich Baku and the neglected interior. Thanks to targeted campaigns and marketing activities, TO was able to increase the number of people visiting destinations than Baku by 11% in a very short timeframe. Otherwise, Azerbaijan visits the eye annually three million tourists. The goal of the Tourism Organization is to get this number by 2023, it will double. That's why the plan is to build new tourist centers across the country and strengthen regional tourism teams. Already in January, the launch of campaigns for two new tourist destinations – in the regions – has been announced Ganja i Lankaran, with a focus on sustainable tourism.

more about attractions of Baku, but also about which destinations are worth a visit to coast of the Caspian Sea. Find out why Georgia is increasingly popular with tourists.

Meet many attractive destinations /a>.

Source: travelmagazine.rs

Eng News 24h Destinations – Azerbaijan invites you to visit – Travel Magazine

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nextstepelectric · 5 years

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electrician for hire near me East York Ontario

Contents

Electrical systems maintained

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Most homeowners call electricians in an emergency or if they’re building or remodeling. It’s important to research a contractor and find a skilled electrician before you need one. By building a rapport with an electrician, you can be sure that they will be there to help when you need their services.

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trendingfact · 5 years

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Product Stewardship Market: Latest Trends and Forecast Analysis up to 2026

To protect the environment a product-centered strategy is applied called product stewardship. Another name for it is extended product responsibility (EPR). Product stewardship is used to reduce the environmental impact of different products. It recognizes processes undertaken by product manufacturers, who must take on new responsibilities to lessen the footprint of their products on the environment

However, a real change is difficult to achieve if the producers are left all alone to solve this environmental issues. Retailers, consumers, and existing waste management are necessary to provide cost-effective and workable solutions. Even so, the greatest responsibility lies with whoever has the most ability to affect the entire life cycle of environmental impacts of products.

The upcoming report aims to unveil their market shares, products, and geographical outreach, offers a detailed analysis of the various companies operating in the global product stewardship market. Also to this, the study encompasses the nature of competition prevailing therein.

Global Product Stewardship Market: Drivers

Growing awareness among organizations to ensure the health and safety of their employees and environment protection and government guidelines are projected to drive growth in the global product stewardship market. Product stewardship is a concept known as producer responsibility. The manufacturers are responsible for their products’ shelf-life. This rising awareness has increased the popularity of the global product stewardship market. People are more inclined towards more organic packaging. Hence, manufacturers are making their product environment-friendly at the end of the cycle.

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However, product stewardship is a critical element in any manufacturer’s day-to-day operations and license to operate. Nevertheless, an effectively managed product stewardship process shows the commitment to EHS management and enables to meet increasing demands for safer and healthier eco-friendly products. Stewardship process adds value to the products by reducing the risk of harm to both environment and humanity. An increase in the number of product stewardship adopted by manufacturers could provide an impetus to the global product stewardship market. Capitalizing on the product stewardship opportunities in supply chains would also help to enhance performance and gain competitive advantage in the global product stewardship market.

Global Product Stewardship Market: Geographical Outlook

The global product stewardship market is witnessing a steady growth in different regions across the globe. With respect to geographical outlook, North America is foreseen to rank higher among other regions of the global product stewardship market in terms of market share. Increasing focus on waste management development could help the North American global product stewardship market witness prolific expansion in the coming years. A rise in environmental activities in the region could also push the growth of the global product stewardship market in North America.

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Global Product Stewardship Market: Competitive Landscape

The global product stewardship market marks the presence of top players such as Verisk 3E Company (US), Enviance (US), CGI (Canada), Enablon (US), and Gensuite (US). New product launches could be a powerful growth strategy adopted to gain a foothold in the global product stewardship market. Players may also take to organic business tactics for making their presence strong in the market. They are also expected to positively influence the global product stewardship market in the near future

#Product Stewardship Market

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trendytechreviews · 5 years

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Product Stewardship Market Scope and Opportunities Analysis 2018 - 2026

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priyankaganguly-blog · 5 years

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Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) Market - Latest Scenario on Innovation & Key Players 2025

Global Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) Market: Snapshot

Concerns regarding the rising levels of pollution and looming threat of global warming have escalated in the recent past and a number of countries, developed or developing, have come together to reduce these concerns. One of the primary reason of environmental damage is the poor compliance of regulatory by various companies, and governments are now bringing in stricter regulations, which in turn is encouraging companies to implement advanced processes of environmental health and safety (EHS) software and services, providing a thrust to the market for the same.

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The demand in the global environmental health and safety market is expected to increment at a strong CAGR during the forecast period of 2017 to 2025, owing to a number of factors such as government initiatives to protect the environment, incremented investment by end users, and reduced cost of environmental compliance software, which is leading to its adoption across small and medium businesses. On the other hand, there is still a vast population base that is unaware of the availability of the EHS software and are still depending on traditional methods. This factor is obstructing the market from attaining its true potential.

The competitive landscape of the global environmental health and safety market is highly dependent on product innovation, as there is strong need for products that can work efficiently and can be installed in different business setups of diverse companies. The EHS market is primarily used by industries pertaining to energy and mining, chemical and petrochemical, construction, manufacturing, telecom and IT, and healthcare. While a number of companies are also focused on strategic mergers and acquisitions in order to expand their geographical presence, satisfaction of the stakeholders, preservation of their brands, and development of solutions are also at the forefront for the key companies to maintain their strong hold.

Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) Market: Overview

A variety of chemicals have become unavoidable in our everyday lives. From computers, to medicines, cosmetic creams to paints and coatings. The chemical industry is one of the world’s largest industries, with products manufactured in the range of billions of tonnes every year. The industry and countries with established chemical industries therefore have a huge responsibility to ensure the safe usage and production of chemicals so that the associated activities do not pose harm to the human resources working in close proximity and the environment.

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Environment health and safety (EHS) tools allow companies to keep track of and properly manage activities that related to the production or usage of chemicals, especially the ones that are known to pose harm to health of living organisms and the environment, such as mercury or CFCs. Companies operating in sectors such as power production, mining, and construction also frequently use EHS tools to ensure that production and operation sites to adhere to environmental norms and regulations concerning occupational and environmental health and safety.

Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) Market: Trends and Opportunities

The increasingly stringent health, safety, and environment laws, regulations, guidelines, and processes instigated in the past few years across leading chemical producing countries is the key factor driving the increased implementation of EHS tools across the industrial sector. Companies diligently adhering to environment- and resource-friendly manufacturing practices are increasingly investing in the deployment of effective EHS tools.

In developing economies such as India, China, South Africa, and the UAE, the thriving industrial sector is encouraging the increased adoption of EHS tools. However, certain factors, such as the high costs involved in auditing complex production sites and the highly expensive services and solutions required to comply with EHS regulations are expected to hinder the overall rate of adoption of EHS tools to a certain extent.

Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) Market: Market Potential

China is one of the largest producers of a number of chemicals and has immense scope for the implementation of EHS tools across companies involved in the production of a number of high-risk chemicals. Recent incidences of leakage of hazardous chemicals (the series of explosions on the Port of Tianjin in August 2015), leading to the death of hundreds of people and serious injuries to many more, have highlighted the pressing need for effective management of chemical production and storage sites. Post this incidence, the government has been paying more attention to the strict implementation of EHS rules and regulations.

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Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) Market: Regional Overview

The EHS market holds immense promise of growth in Asia Pacific owing to the established chemical industry and burgeoning construction and energy and mining sectors. The rate of implementation, however, is presently low in the region owing to high costs and is expected to increase in the future years owing to initiation of stringent EHS regulations in countries such as India, China, and Japan.

The high costs of EHS tools largely restrict their overall adoption to developed economies across regions such as North America and Europe. North America presently accounts for the dominant share in the global implementation EHS software and services. The region is also expected to retain dominance owing to the stringent EHS regulations and policies and steady pace of development of the chemical and energy industries.

Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) Market: Competitive Landscape

The market for EHS tools and services features a large number of companies, pointing towards a largely fragmented vendor landscape. The market features some of the world’s leading software development companies and several non-profit consulting organizations. Some of the leading vendors in the market are 3E Company, International Finance Corporation, IHS Inc., UL LLC, SAP SE, Medgate Inc., and Enablon North America Corporation.

About TMR Research

TMR Research is a premier provider of customized market research and consulting services to business entities keen on succeeding in today’s supercharged economic climate. Armed with an experienced, dedicated, and dynamic team of analysts, we are redefining the way our clients’ conduct business by providing them with authoritative and trusted research studies in tune with the latest methodologies and market trends.

#Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) Market

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akashs123 · 5 years

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Environment Health and Safety (EHS) Market 2019 by Growth Analysis and Forecast to 2023

Market Scenario

Environment, health, and safety (EHS) is the study of safety and protection in the work environment. This discipline ensures that organizations work in an environmental-friendly manner, causing no harm to the environment or individuals. EHS department in an organization is concerned with safety at workplace, environmental protection, occupational safety and health, and best practices. The aim of this department is to prevent and reduce emergencies and accidents at work. It also seeks to ensure the protection of workers by controlling and observing the indoor air quality and preventing chemical hazards by lowering workers’ exposure to them. There are several safety programs, practices, and training sessions conducted by organizations to implement EHS.

The major drivers for the EHS Market is the increasing awareness about environment, health, and safety among organizations and their employees. This is owing to the growing number of accidents and emergencies caused at workplace. These accidents take place especially in the energy and utility, chemical, mining, and construction industries. Energy and utility segment accounts for the largest market size, due to the increasing deployment of EHS solutions, along with the evolution of laws and regulations in this vertical. Stringent rules and regulations by the federal bodies and government have also been fueling the EHS market. Over the past decade, major mandates have been made by the government to ensure EHS. For instance, the US government has made federal investments related to EHS in the nanotechnology market. This ensures the development of the technology with responsible science-based guidance, leading to the management of risk at workplace. However, the complexity of standards and regulations is a factor which is hindering the growth of the EHS market.

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Gensuite, a company offering cloud-based software and solutions for EHS, launched a product named Genny in June 2018. This is the company’s first virtual assistance product which enables hands-free Environment Health Safety & Sustainability (EHS&S) actions. Genny is integrated with artificial intelligence which enables the users to complete various actions with text and voice commands and helps to accomplish complex and time-consuming tasks.

The global EHS market is expected to reach approximately USD 8.09 billion growing at 11.50% CAGR over the forecast period 2018–2023.

Key Players:

The prominent players in the market of EHS are – SAP (Germany), EtQ (US), Gensuite (US), Enablon (US), Intelex (Canada), Enviance (US), Verisk 3E (US), Sphera Solutions (US), Cority (Canada), and VelocityEHS (US).

Optial (UK), and SiteHawk (US) are among the other players in this market.

Segmentation

The environment, health, and safety market is segmented on the basis of component, vertical, and region. These segments are further sub-segmented into the following:

By component, the EHS market is bifurcated into solution and service.

By service, this market is further segmented into project deployment & implementation services, audit, assessment, regulatory compliance services, data analytics services, business consulting & advisory services, training & support services, and certification services

By vertical, the EHS market is segmented into energy & utilities, healthcare, food & beverage, chemicals & materials, construction & engineering, government & defense, and others (telecom and IT automotive, and retail)

By region, North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific are the global segments.

Regional Analysis

The regional analysis of EHS market is considered for North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and the rest of the world. North America is dominating the market as US and Canada are well-established economies, heavily investing in research and development activities. These investments are contributing towards the development of new and advanced technologies. Asia-Pacific is expected to be the fastest growing region in terms of CAGR. China, Japan, Australia, and India have also witnessed the adoption of new technologies, and the government in these countries is continuously investing in research and development of the EHS solutions in various organizations. Additionally, Europe is expected to witness a positive growth during the forecast period.

Target Audience

EHS service providers

Consultancy and advisory firms

EHS solution providers

System integrators

Certification and training firms

Governments

Regulatory agencies

Get Complete Report @ https://www.marketresearchfuture.com/reports/environment-health-safety-market-6370

TABLE OF CONTENTS

List Of Tables

Table 1 Global Environment, Health, And Safety Market, By Region, 2018–2023

Table 2 North America: Environment, Health, And Safety Market, By Country, 2018–2023

Table 3 Europe: Environment, Health, And Safety Market, By Country, 2018–2023

Table 4 Asia-Pacific: Environment, Health, And Safety Market, By Country, 2018–2023

Table 5 Middle East & Africa: Environment, Health, And Safety Market, By Country, 2018–2023

Table 6 Latin America: Environment, Health, And Safety Market, By Country, 2018–2023

Table 7 Global Environment, Health, And Safety Component Market, By Region, 2018–2023

Table 8 North America: Environment, Health, And Safety Component Market, By Country, 2018–2023

Table 9 Europe: Environment, Health, And Safety Component Market, By Country, 2018–2023

Table10 Asia-Pacific: Environment, Health, And Safety Component Market, By Country, 2018–2023

Table11 Middle East & Africa: Environment, Health, And Safety Component Market, By Country, 2018–2023

Table12 Latin America: Environment, Health, And Safety Component Market, By Country, 2018–2023

Table13 Global Environment, Health, And Safety Vertical Market, By Region, 2018–2023

Table14 North America: Environment, Health, And Safety Vertical Market, By Country, 2018–2023

Table11 Europe: Environment, Health, And Safety Vertical Market, By Country, 2018–2023

Table16 Asia-Pacific: Environment, Health, And Safety Vertical Market, By Country, 2018–2023

Table17 Middle East & Africa: Environment, Health, And Safety Vertical Market, By Country, 2018–2023

Table18 Latin America: Environment, Health, And Safety Vertical Market, By Country, 2018–2023

Table20 Global Services Market, By Region, 2018–2023

Table21 North America: Environment, Health, And Safety Market, By Country

Table22 North America: Environment, Health, And Safety Market, By Component

Continued…

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About Us:

At Market Research Future (MRFR), we enable our customers to unravel the complexity of various industries through our Cooked Research Report (CRR), Half-Cooked Research Reports (HCRR), Raw Research Reports (3R), Continuous-Feed Research (CFR), and Market Research & Consulting Services.

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#Environment Health and Safety Market

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arushisoni-blog · 5 years

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Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) Market – Comprehensive assessment of product innovation 2025

Global Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) Market: Snapshot

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Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) Market: Overview

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Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) Market: Trends and Opportunities

Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) Market: Market Potential

Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) Market: Regional Overview

Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) Market: Competitive Landscape

The study presents reliable qualitative and quantitative insights into:

Market segments and sub-segments

Market trends and dynamics

Supply and demand chain of the market

Market valuation (revenue and/or volume)

Key trends/opportunities/challenges

Forces defining present and estimated future state of the competitive landscape

Technological developments

Value chain and stakeholder analysis

The regional analysis covers:

North America

Latin America

Europe

Asia Pacific

Middle East and Africa

About TMR Research

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#Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) Market

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naivelocus · 6 years

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Alzheimer’s and Infectious Disease: For Real

Derek Lowe's commentary on drug discovery and the pharma industry. An editorially independent blog from the publishers of Science Translational Medicine. All content is Derek’s own, and he does not in any way speak for his employer.

Alzheimer’s and Infectious Disease: For Real

By Derek Lowe 22 June, 2018

I’ve written a couple of times over the years about the idea that Alzheimer’s disease might have an infectious component to it. That’s been proposed many times, but it’s fair to say that it’s never caught on. For one thing, the amyloid hypothesis has always had a lot more going for it. I realize that I’ve poured scorn on that one in recent years, but that’s after a string of massive clinical failures based on it being right. It started out as by far the most plausible mechanism around, and even now, any further explanation of the disease is going to have to include an amyloid component, in much the same way that Einstein’s relativity also included an explanation of why Newtonian mechanics was so workable so much of the time.

A new paper in Neuron, though, looks to be the most unignorable one yet with evidence that there’s some sort of viral/bacteial/fungal component to the disease. A team led out of a Mt. Sinai research group has gone over a pretty large sample of Alzheimer’s brain tissue (622 patients who died with the disease, and over three hundred control brains as well), sequencing infectious organism DNA, looking for changes in the proteome, etc. They find that aging brains in normal patients display plenty of viral signatures (as indeed is probably the case in many other tissues). But the AD samples were particularly enriched in herpesviruses 6A and 7, a result that repeated across three independent cohorts from different geographical locations (the brain tissue collections were from more than one previous effort). According to Stat, there’s a paper coming out next month from another group entirely that also implicates HHV6.

But are these viruses a cause of the disease, or are they something that shows up later? That is, do HHV 6A/7 give you Alzheimer’s, or does having Alzheimer’s bring on those viral infections? This has been the problem with many previous proposals for an infectious agent, and it’s a very difficult objection to overcome. I think that this is the first study, though, that has made it over that hurdle. The paper shows that viral DNA is, in fact, incorporated into neurons from the affected regions of the brain. What’s more, analysis of both protein and mRNA levels suggest that such infection produces changes in several transcriptional regulators (specifically, a set of zinc-finger transcription factors and G-quadraplex-associated proteins) that in turn affect expression of a number of very suggestive proteins downstream:

We found that multiple viruses interact with AD risk genes. HHV-6A stood out as notable with significant overlap (FDR < 3e-3) between the set of host genes it collectively induces across all tissues and AD-associated genes (Figure 5D, Table S7). This includes several regulators of APP processing and AD risk-associated genes, including gamma-secretase subunit presenilin-1 (PSEN1), BACE1, amyloid beta precursor protein binding family B member 2 (APBB2), Clusterin (CLU), Bridging Integrator 1 (BIN1), and Phosphatidylinositol Binding Clathrin Assembly Protein (PICALM). We also found that several other viruses regulate, or are regulated by, AD risk genes, including: (1) HAdV-C-induced expression of Complement Receptor 1 (CR1), and inhibition of Solute Carrier Family 24 Member 4 (SLC24A4), (2) inhibition of KSHV by Fermitin Family Member 2 (FERMT2), and (3) inhibition of HSV-2 by Translocase of Outer Mitochondrial Membrane 40 (TOMM40). These findings indicate multiple points of overlap between virus-host interactions and AD risk genes.

There’s also an association with neuronal loss, and this and other pathways seem to converge on miR-155 as an important factor (HHV6A inhibits its expression). The team then crossed a mouse strain that’s knocked out for this microRNA with one of the APP/presenilin mutant mouse lines that is susceptible to amyloid problems. And indeed, the resulting mice show significantly more amyloid plague formation at four months, and significantly more amyloid 1-42 in the brain.

This gets right at what I mentioned above: any alternate theory of Alzheimer’s will have to explain why there are so many apparent connections to amyloid handling. So this might well be real, and if it is, it really does open up a whole new set of mechanistic (and even therapeutic) possibilities. Although I don’t keep up with the literature in this field as well as I would were I still working in it, I think that this is one of the most significant Alzheimer’s papers I’ve seen in years. A mechanism through viral disturbance of transcription factors, miRNAs, and other such gene-expression pathways would fit well with the variations seen in the incidence and severity of the disease, because that lands you right into the mess of environmental factors, immune system variations, and so on.

The integrated findings of this study suggest that AD biology is impacted by a complex constellation of viral and host factors acting across different timescales and physiological systems (Figure 8B). This includes host mucosal defense and modulation of innate immune response by virus and host. It also includes disturbance of core biological processes, including some that are well described in AD (e.g., APP processing, cytoskeletal organization, mitochondrial respiration, protein synthesis, and cell-cycle control) and some that are less well characterized (e.g., widespread shifts in G4 activity and C2H2-TF regulatory programs). We note potential mechanisms (and candidate molecular mediators) that we find perturbed by viral species and that have known impacts on these altered processes, for instance, virally driven changes in protein synthesis machinery, tRNA synthetase activity, and nucleotide pool maintenance, which collectively exert complex effects on G4 regulation and C2H2-TF activity.

This paper immediately suggests several lines of research. HHV6A needs to be studied in more detail (and distinguished from HHV6B, which current tests don’t always do). Viral mechanisms of transcriptional disruption have already been investigated in other contexts, but there’s a lot to be done in the Alzheimer’s territory. We need to see if miR-155 is a real node in the system, and so on. And it wouldn’t do any harm to look at the effects of existing antiviral drugs on these HHV strains, would it? After years of writing about amyloid-centric disappointments, I think it’s great to have some new hypotheses to test!

— In the Pipeline

#In the Pipeline #Alzheimer’s and Infectious Disease: For Real

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thomas1black-blog · 6 years

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Test Bank Canadian Business and Society 3rd Editon

For Order This and any Other Test

Bank And solutions Manuals,Course,

Assignments,Discussions,Quizzes,Exams

Student: ___________________________________________________________________________

1. The study of business and society involves an exploration of what is "right" and/or "wrong" in terms of the social and ethical conduct of business. True False

2. Responses to social and environmental issues will determine the corporations which will survive in the future. True False

3. Integrity refers to the appropriateness of a corporation's behaviour, not to its adherence to moral principles. True False

4. Ethics apply to business in the same manner as they apply to religion. True False

5. A responsible corporation, a business undertaking that responds to social, ethical, and environmental responsibilities in addition to its economic obligations results in a firm's integrity. True False

6. The triple-E bottom line (3E) is the evaluation of a corporation's performance according to a summary of the economic, social or ethical, and environmental value the corporation adds or destroys. True False

7. Most people agree on a universal way to approach ethics and therefore, there is widespread agreement as to the appropriate behaviour by business in society. True False

8. Deontological theories of ethics are rule-based. True False

9. Virtue ethics emphasizes the situation that individuals find themselves in and focuses on what they are doing. True False

10. When resolving ethical issues, automatic decisions are reliable. True False

11. The teleological approach to ethics is also referred to as a rule-based theory. True False

12. Virtue ethics focuses upon ‘doing' rather than ‘being'. True False

13. One advantage of virtue ethics is that there is general agreement as to what constitutes a virtue. True False

14. Utilitarianism is one form of rule-based theories. True False

15. The ‘greatest good for the greatest number' is a feature of consequentialist theories. True False

16. A free enterprise system sees a limited role for government. True False

17. The responsible enterprise system and stakeholder capitalism both acknowledge that business has responsibility beyond making profit for shareholders. True False

18. Adam Smith argued for a system of capitalism that would see an enhanced role for government. True False

19. Canadians' overall attitude towards business has been basically positive over the last ten years. True False

20. The non-profit sector is alternately known as the third sector or the plural sector. True False

21. There are very few legal requirements for an individual establishing or operating a business in Canada. True False

22. A partnership may involve two or more than two individuals sharing the ownership of a business. True False

23. In a proprietorship or partnership, the owners assume all responsibility for the firm, but they also receive all profits. True False

24. The concession doctrine implies that incorporation is a right, not a privilege for businesses. True False

25. The freedom of association doctrine implies that incorporation should occur without government intervention. True False

26. Legislative safeguards are imposed upon incorporation processes to create and preserve an atmosphere of public confidence, as well as to create protections for investors and creditors. True False

27. A minority of Canadians are owners of businesses, either directly or indirectly. True False

28. Strategic planning is a function of the board of directors. True False

29. The board of directors is responsible to the manager of the corporation. True False

30. Integrity is becoming an increasingly important attribute for managers to possess. True False

31. Self-interest by firms is an issue that the Canadian public consistently identifies as a negative attribute of the business enterprise system. True False

32. A Hewlett-Packard Co. survey of Canadians found that 90 percent believed the more socially and environmentally responsible a corporation is, the more likely they are to purchase its goods and services. True False

33. There is a positive relationship between living standards and how positive society views business. As living standards increase, the more likely society will view business in a positive manner. True False

34. Self-interest acts as a motivator in the business enterprise system and provides the drive for profit that encourages individuals to get things done. True False

35. A system based on a capitalistic market always leads to the equitable distribution of income. True False

36. Legitimacy requires belief, trust, and confidence in the business system. True False

37. In order for a business to be legitimate, the business enterprise system must report positive profits and pay dividends to shareholders on a consistent basis. True False

38. Social licence is based on ethics, values, expectations, and self-regulation considered preferable to social or government control which is based on regulation, legislation, litigation, and compliance. True False

39. The integrity of future business entrepreneurs, managers, and employees is unrelated to how these individuals behave while in academic programs. True False

40. There is little concern that a lack of academic integrity will have an influence on business integrity. True False

41. There exists a reciprocal relationship between business and society. True False

42. The three dominant approaches to normative theories of ethics include all of the following except: A. Deontological B. Teleological C. Justice D. Virtue E. All of the above are approaches to normative theories of ethics.

43. One prominent ethicist who wrote extensively about virtue ethics was: A. Kant B. Locke C. Bentham D. Aristotle E. Mills

44. The ‘veil of ignorance' test is a variation of _________ theories. A. teleological B. virtue C. deontological D. consequentialist E. justice

45. Which of the following ethicists wrote that leadership can create opportunities for all to realize their potential? A. Kant B. Plato C. Bentham D. Aristotle E. Smith

46. Government and business work collaboratively with multiple stakeholders to use resources to meet the needs of the members of a society. This arrangement is called the __________ system of a nation. A. economic B. free enterprise C. responsible enterprise D. capitalist E. political

47. The discussion of the business enterprise system in the Business and Society class today was stimulating. John argued that the Canadian government should apply a _________ model whereby economic decision making is left to those individuals or enterprises who own the means of production. A. capitalism B. free enterprise C. laissez-faire capitalism D. responsible enterprise E. stakeholder capitalism

48. The discussion of the business enterprise system in the Business and Society class today became heated when a debate broke out as to which capitalist system Canada should employ. Jamal argued that the Canadian government should apply a _________ model whereby economic decision making is left to those individuals or enterprises who own the means of production. A profit motivation, with limited government involvement, would create a competitive market system. Crystal agreed, but added that accountability to society by business was also important and therefore a _______ was better. A. free enterprise; stakeholder capitalism B. free enterprise; responsible enterprise C. laissez-faire capitalism; stakeholder capitalism D. laissez-faire capitalism; responsible enterprise E. sustainable; stakeholder model

49. The discussion of the business enterprise system in the Business and Society class today became interesting when Roberto took the position that the Canadian government should apply a _________ model whereby economic decision making is left to those individuals or enterprises who own the means of production and the government has only the most minimal, strictly limited role. A. capitalism B. free enterprise C. laissez-faire capitalism D. responsible enterprise E. stakeholder capitalism

50. Eduardo argued that Canadian business has a responsibility that goes beyond making money for investors. Businesses operate within communities. Decisions, such as closing down factories, will affect employees, their families as well as other businesses located in the factory's town. Eduardo is arguing for a ____________ model of capitalism. A. free enterprise B. laissez-faire C. responsible enterprise D. stakeholder E. sustainable

51. Jane is starting a business to sell handmade greeting cards online. She is forming a(n) ___________ in that she is planning to assume all the risks and accept all the rewards of business ownership. A. partnership B. proprietorship C. going concern D. incorporated business E. virtual model

52. Julio and Julie are planning to start a business providing holistic, herbal products to consumers. This is an exciting business opportunity which has considerable growth potential. Concerned, however, about assuming a personal level of responsibility for the financial outcome of the enterprise, they decide to structure the business through _____________. A. proprietorship B. partnership C. corporation D. incorporation E. limited liability

53. By incorporating his business, Gordon has taken on partners who will provide financial backing. However, there are governmental requirements that shape the process. This is in contrast to the ____________ doctrine that allowed state control over the granting of incorporation. A. freedom of association B. going concern C. concession D. voluntary E. legal

54. Francois is a shareholder in VNO Corporation and regularly attends annual shareholder meetings voting on policies that he feels are particularly relevant to the firm's social responsibilities. Francois is _________. A. a direct owner B. an indirect owner C. member of the board of directors D. manager E. active stakeholder

55. Lucia is a shareholder in ULO Corporation, but she doesn't know it! She had thought for years that her pension was just sitting in a bank vault somewhere waiting for her to retire. Lucia is a(n) _________ of ULO Corporation. A. direct owner B. indirect owner C. member of the board of directors D. manager E. active stakeholder

56. Kathleen's responsibility is to manage the business and affairs of KLN Corporation, which manufactures ceramic products for industry. Kathleen is a(n) __________ of KLN Corporation. A. direct owner B. indirect owner C. member of the board of directors D. manager E. None of the answers.

57. Julian is planning on retiring from his role as chief executive of LVN Corporation. He doesn't know who will take his place or even if the departure should be gradual, but knows that ____________ is the responsibility of the __________. A. succession planning; manager B. succession planning; board of directors C. hiring and termination of leadership; manager D. hiring and termination of leadership; board of directors E. succession and termination; board of directors

58. LK Corporation has recently downsized its operations. The trend towards healthy eating has led to fewer purchases of lollipops and suckers, the principal product of the firm. Knowing that Halloween is approaching and that sales will improve, the company has told the media that the workers will be rehired as soon as sales improve. In planning to rehire the laid off workers, LK Corporation is attributing the layoffs to the ________. A. self-interest B. allocation of resources C. decentralized decision making D. business cycle E. unemployment

59. Christmas season is approaching and Kasia's mom is delighted with the range of offerings on the shelves of the toy store. It seems like every single toy manufacturer had a different strategy for the season. This range of offerings is the result of __________. A. self-interest B. allocation of resources C. decentralized decision making D. business cycle E. innovation

60. When purchasing a new vehicle, Robert asked the dealer: "So when will the car actually do the driving for me?" The dealer laughed and then showed Robert the new Lexus model that parallel parks for the driver. This example is addressing which issue related to society's attitude towards business? A. Self-interest B. Allocation of resources C. Decentralized decision making D. Business cycle E. Innovation

61. The shareholders of DCV Corporation have agreed to coordinate their share purchases so that the stock looks more profitable just prior to the merger so that the public will see the company as a desirable investment. This is an example of __________. A. misleading financial statements B. kickbacks C. stock manipulation D. bid rigging E. stock-splitting

62. In recruiting professionals to come and work for the firm, JKL Corporation provides incentives to the employees attending interviews. For example, Mary is encouraged to bring her husband, Robert, to the job interview at the company's expense. This is an example of what form of corporate wrongdoing? A. Misleading financial statements B. Kickbacks C. Stock manipulation D. Bid rigging E. There is no wrongdoing

63. The belief in the rightness of an institution, in this case the appropriateness of our business system to supply the goods and services wanted by Canadian society, is called: A. Relevancy B. Righteousness C. Legitimacy D. Licencing E. None of the above.

64. The privilege of operating in society with minimal formalized restrictions, that is legislation, regulation, or market requirements, based on maintaining public trust by doing what's acceptable to stakeholders in the business and society relationship is called: A. Relevancy B. Righteousness C. Legitimacy D. Social Licence E. None of the above.

65. Compare and contrast (a) proprietorship, (b) partnership and (c) incorporation.

66. Identify the five primary tasks of the board of directors as outlined in the text.

67. Some critics of the business enterprise system claim that a system based on a capitalistic market leads to inequities. What is the response by supporters of the capitalist system?

68. Name and discuss four factors influencing attitudes towards business systems.

69. Contrast deontological and teleological theories.

70. How does a ‘responsible enterprise system' differ from ‘stakeholder capitalism'?

71. Why is the term ‘ethics of business' preferred over the term ‘business ethics'?

72. Why does business need society and society need business?

73. Explain how integrity applies to business students.

74. The business enterprise system has been described in a number of ways. How would you describe our economic system to a new Canadian?

75. What is a responsible corporation?

c1 Key

1. (p. 3) The study of business and society involves an exploration of what is "right" and/or "wrong" in terms of the social and ethical conduct of business. FALSE

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe the complexity of the interrelationships between business and society. Sexty - Chapter 01 #1

2. (p. 3) Responses to social and environmental issues will determine the corporations which will survive in the future. TRUE

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe the complexity of the interrelationships between business and society. Sexty - Chapter 01 #2

3. (p. 4) Integrity refers to the appropriateness of a corporation's behaviour, not to its adherence to moral principles. TRUE

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-02 Define the terminology relating to the integrity of business. Sexty - Chapter 01 #3

4. (p. 5) Ethics apply to business in the same manner as they apply to religion. TRUE

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-02 Define the terminology relating to the integrity of business. Sexty - Chapter 01 #4

5. (p. 5) A responsible corporation, a business undertaking that responds to social, ethical, and environmental responsibilities in addition to its economic obligations results in a firm's integrity. FALSE

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-02 Define the terminology relating to the integrity of business. Sexty - Chapter 01 #5

6. (p. 4) The triple-E bottom line (3E) is the evaluation of a corporation's performance according to a summary of the economic, social or ethical, and environmental value the corporation adds or destroys. TRUE

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-02 Define the terminology relating to the integrity of business. Sexty - Chapter 01 #6

7. (p. 6) Most people agree on a universal way to approach ethics and therefore, there is widespread agreement as to the appropriate behaviour by business in society. FALSE

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-03 Differnetiate between the three main apporaches to ethical thinking. Sexty - Chapter 01 #7

8. (p. 6) Deontological theories of ethics are rule-based. TRUE

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-03 Differnetiate between the three main apporaches to ethical thinking. Sexty - Chapter 01 #8

9. (p. 6) Virtue ethics emphasizes the situation that individuals find themselves in and focuses on what they are doing. FALSE

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-03 Differnetiate between the three main apporaches to ethical thinking. Sexty - Chapter 01 #9

10. (p. 6) When resolving ethical issues, automatic decisions are reliable. FALSE

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-03 Differnetiate between the three main apporaches to ethical thinking. Sexty - Chapter 01 #10

11. (p. 6) The teleological approach to ethics is also referred to as a rule-based theory. FALSE

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-03 Differnetiate between the three main apporaches to ethical thinking. Sexty - Chapter 01 #11

12. (p. 6) Virtue ethics focuses upon ‘doing' rather than ‘being'. FALSE

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-03 Differnetiate between the three main apporaches to ethical thinking. Sexty - Chapter 01 #12

13. (p. 6) One advantage of virtue ethics is that there is general agreement as to what constitutes a virtue. FALSE

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-03 Differnetiate between the three main apporaches to ethical thinking. Sexty - Chapter 01 #13

14. (p. 6) Utilitarianism is one form of rule-based theories. FALSE

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-03 Differnetiate between the three main apporaches to ethical thinking. Sexty - Chapter 01 #14

15. (p. 6) The ‘greatest good for the greatest number' is a feature of consequentialist theories. TRUE

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-03 Differnetiate between the three main apporaches to ethical thinking. Sexty - Chapter 01 #15

16. (p. 8) A free enterprise system sees a limited role for government. TRUE

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-04 Provide a brief description of the Canadian business system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #16

17. (p. 8) The responsible enterprise system and stakeholder capitalism both acknowledge that business has responsibility beyond making profit for shareholders. TRUE

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-04 Provide a brief description of the Canadian business system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #17

18. (p. 8-9) Adam Smith argued for a system of capitalism that would see an enhanced role for government. FALSE

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-04 Provide a brief description of the Canadian business system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #18

19. (p. 14) Canadians' overall attitude towards business has been basically positive over the last ten years. FALSE

Difficulty: Difficult Learning Objective: 01-07 Summarize factors that influence societys attitudes toward business that lead to criticisms of the system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #19

20. (p. 9-10) The non-profit sector is alternately known as the third sector or the plural sector. TRUE

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-04 Provide a brief description of the Canadian business system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #20

21. (p. 10) There are very few legal requirements for an individual establishing or operating a business in Canada. TRUE

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-05 Explain the role of the corporation as the main economic institution in the business system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #21

22. (p. 10) A partnership may involve two or more than two individuals sharing the ownership of a business. TRUE

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-05 Explain the role of the corporation as the main economic institution in the business system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #22

23. (p. 10-11) In a proprietorship or partnership, the owners assume all responsibility for the firm, but they also receive all profits. TRUE

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-05 Explain the role of the corporation as the main economic institution in the business system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #23

24. (p. 11) The concession doctrine implies that incorporation is a right, not a privilege for businesses. FALSE

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-05 Explain the role of the corporation as the main economic institution in the business system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #24

25. (p. 11) The freedom of association doctrine implies that incorporation should occur without government intervention. FALSE

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-05 Explain the role of the corporation as the main economic institution in the business system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #25

26. (p. 11) Legislative safeguards are imposed upon incorporation processes to create and preserve an atmosphere of public confidence, as well as to create protections for investors and creditors. TRUE

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-05 Explain the role of the corporation as the main economic institution in the business system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #26

27. (p. 12) A minority of Canadians are owners of businesses, either directly or indirectly. FALSE

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-06 Identify the three stakeholders mainly responsible for the operation of Canadian businesses. Sexty - Chapter 01 #27

28. (p. 13) Strategic planning is a function of the board of directors. TRUE

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-06 Identify the three stakeholders mainly responsible for the operation of Canadian businesses. Sexty - Chapter 01 #28

29. (p. 13) The board of directors is responsible to the manager of the corporation. FALSE

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-06 Identify the three stakeholders mainly responsible for the operation of Canadian businesses. Sexty - Chapter 01 #29

30. (p. 14) Integrity is becoming an increasingly important attribute for managers to possess. TRUE

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-06 Identify the three stakeholders mainly responsible for the operation of Canadian businesses. Sexty - Chapter 01 #30

31. (p. 14-15) Self-interest by firms is an issue that the Canadian public consistently identifies as a negative attribute of the business enterprise system. FALSE

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-07 Summarize factors that influence societys attitudes toward business that lead to criticisms of the system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #31

32. (p. 14) A Hewlett-Packard Co. survey of Canadians found that 90 percent believed the more socially and environmentally responsible a corporation is, the more likely they are to purchase its goods and services. TRUE

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-07 Summarize factors that influence societys attitudes toward business that lead to criticisms of the system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #32

33. (p. 14) There is a positive relationship between living standards and how positive society views business. As living standards increase, the more likely society will view business in a positive manner. TRUE

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-07 Summarize factors that influence societys attitudes toward business that lead to criticisms of the system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #33

34. (p. 14-15) Self-interest acts as a motivator in the business enterprise system and provides the drive for profit that encourages individuals to get things done. TRUE

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-07 Summarize factors that influence societys attitudes toward business that lead to criticisms of the system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #34

35. (p. 15) A system based on a capitalistic market always leads to the equitable distribution of income. FALSE

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-07 Summarize factors that influence societys attitudes toward business that lead to criticisms of the system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #35

36. (p. 17) Legitimacy requires belief, trust, and confidence in the business system. TRUE

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-08 Recognize that business operates with the consent of society. Sexty - Chapter 01 #36

37. (p. 18) In order for a business to be legitimate, the business enterprise system must report positive profits and pay dividends to shareholders on a consistent basis. FALSE

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-08 Recognize that business operates with the consent of society. Sexty - Chapter 01 #37

38. (p. 18) Social licence is based on ethics, values, expectations, and self-regulation considered preferable to social or government control which is based on regulation, legislation, litigation, and compliance. TRUE

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-08 Recognize that business operates with the consent of society. Sexty - Chapter 01 #38

39. (p. 19) The integrity of future business entrepreneurs, managers, and employees is unrelated to how these individuals behave while in academic programs. FALSE

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-09 Understand the relationship between business and academic integrity. Sexty - Chapter 01 #39

40. (p. 19) There is little concern that a lack of academic integrity will have an influence on business integrity. FALSE

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-09 Understand the relationship between business and academic integrity. Sexty - Chapter 01 #40

41. (p. 19-20) There exists a reciprocal relationship between business and society. TRUE

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-10 Describe the integration of business and society. Sexty - Chapter 01 #41

42. (p. 6) The three dominant approaches to normative theories of ethics include all of the following except: A. Deontological B. Teleological C. Justice D. Virtue E. All of the above are approaches to normative theories of ethics.

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-03 Differnetiate between the three main apporaches to ethical thinking. Sexty - Chapter 01 #42

43. (p. 6) One prominent ethicist who wrote extensively about virtue ethics was: A. Kant B. Locke C. Bentham D. Aristotle E. Mills

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-03 Differnetiate between the three main apporaches to ethical thinking. Sexty - Chapter 01 #43

44. (p. 6) The ‘veil of ignorance' test is a variation of _________ theories. A. teleological B. virtue C. deontological D. consequentialist E. justice

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-03 Differnetiate between the three main apporaches to ethical thinking. Sexty - Chapter 01 #44

45. (p. 7) Which of the following ethicists wrote that leadership can create opportunities for all to realize their potential? A. Kant B. Plato C. Bentham D. Aristotle E. Smith

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-03 Differnetiate between the three main apporaches to ethical thinking. Sexty - Chapter 01 #45

46. (p. 8) Government and business work collaboratively with multiple stakeholders to use resources to meet the needs of the members of a society. This arrangement is called the __________ system of a nation. A. economic B. free enterprise C. responsible enterprise D. capitalist E. political

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-04 Provide a brief description of the Canadian business system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #46

47. (p. 8) The discussion of the business enterprise system in the Business and Society class today was stimulating. John argued that the Canadian government should apply a _________ model whereby economic decision making is left to those individuals or enterprises who own the means of production. A. capitalism B. free enterprise C. laissez-faire capitalism D. responsible enterprise E. stakeholder capitalism

Difficulty: Difficult Learning Objective: 01-04 Provide a brief description of the Canadian business system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #47

48. (p. 8) The discussion of the business enterprise system in the Business and Society class today became heated when a debate broke out as to which capitalist system Canada should employ. Jamal argued that the Canadian government should apply a _________ model whereby economic decision making is left to those individuals or enterprises who own the means of production. A profit motivation, with limited government involvement, would create a competitive market system. Crystal agreed, but added that accountability to society by business was also important and therefore a _______ was better. A. free enterprise; stakeholder capitalism B. free enterprise; responsible enterprise C. laissez-faire capitalism; stakeholder capitalism D. laissez-faire capitalism; responsible enterprise E. sustainable; stakeholder model

Difficulty: Difficult Learning Objective: 01-04 Provide a brief description of the Canadian business system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #48

49. (p. 8) The discussion of the business enterprise system in the Business and Society class today became interesting when Roberto took the position that the Canadian government should apply a _________ model whereby economic decision making is left to those individuals or enterprises who own the means of production and the government has only the most minimal, strictly limited role. A. capitalism B. free enterprise C. laissez-faire capitalism D. responsible enterprise E. stakeholder capitalism

Difficulty: Difficult Learning Objective: 01-04 Provide a brief description of the Canadian business system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #49

50. (p. 8) Eduardo argued that Canadian business has a responsibility that goes beyond making money for investors. Businesses operate within communities. Decisions, such as closing down factories, will affect employees, their families as well as other businesses located in the factory's town. Eduardo is arguing for a ____________ model of capitalism. A. free enterprise B. laissez-faire C. responsible enterprise D. stakeholder E. sustainable

Difficulty: Difficult Learning Objective: 01-04 Provide a brief description of the Canadian business system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #50

51. (p. 10-11) Jane is starting a business to sell handmade greeting cards online. She is forming a(n) ___________ in that she is planning to assume all the risks and accept all the rewards of business ownership. A. partnership B. proprietorship C. going concern D. incorporated business E. virtual model

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-05 Explain the role of the corporation as the main economic institution in the business system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #51

52. (p. 11) Julio and Julie are planning to start a business providing holistic, herbal products to consumers. This is an exciting business opportunity which has considerable growth potential. Concerned, however, about assuming a personal level of responsibility for the financial outcome of the enterprise, they decide to structure the business through _____________. A. proprietorship B. partnership C. corporation D. incorporation E. limited liability

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-05 Explain the role of the corporation as the main economic institution in the business system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #52

53. (p. 11) By incorporating his business, Gordon has taken on partners who will provide financial backing. However, there are governmental requirements that shape the process. This is in contrast to the ____________ doctrine that allowed state control over the granting of incorporation. A. freedom of association B. going concern C. concession D. voluntary E. legal

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-05 Explain the role of the corporation as the main economic institution in the business system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #53

54. (p. 12) Francois is a shareholder in VNO Corporation and regularly attends annual shareholder meetings voting on policies that he feels are particularly relevant to the firm's social responsibilities. Francois is _________. A. a direct owner B. an indirect owner C. member of the board of directors D. manager E. active stakeholder

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-06 Identify the three stakeholders mainly responsible for the operation of Canadian businesses. Sexty - Chapter 01 #54

55. (p. 12) Lucia is a shareholder in ULO Corporation, but she doesn't know it! She had thought for years that her pension was just sitting in a bank vault somewhere waiting for her to retire. Lucia is a(n) _________ of ULO Corporation. A. direct owner B. indirect owner C. member of the board of directors D. manager E. active stakeholder

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-06 Identify the three stakeholders mainly responsible for the operation of Canadian businesses. Sexty - Chapter 01 #55

56. (p. 13-14) Kathleen's responsibility is to manage the business and affairs of KLN Corporation, which manufactures ceramic products for industry. Kathleen is a(n) __________ of KLN Corporation. A. direct owner B. indirect owner C. member of the board of directors D. manager E. None of the answers.

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-06 Identify the three stakeholders mainly responsible for the operation of Canadian businesses. Sexty - Chapter 01 #56

57. (p. 13) Julian is planning on retiring from his role as chief executive of LVN Corporation. He doesn't know who will take his place or even if the departure should be gradual, but knows that ____________ is the responsibility of the __________. A. succession planning; manager B. succession planning; board of directors C. hiring and termination of leadership; manager D. hiring and termination of leadership; board of directors E. succession and termination; board of directors

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-06 Identify the three stakeholders mainly responsible for the operation of Canadian businesses. Sexty - Chapter 01 #57

58. (p. 15) LK Corporation has recently downsized its operations. The trend towards healthy eating has led to fewer purchases of lollipops and suckers, the principal product of the firm. Knowing that Halloween is approaching and that sales will improve, the company has told the media that the workers will be rehired as soon as sales improve. In planning to rehire the laid off workers, LK Corporation is attributing the layoffs to the ________. A. self-interest B. allocation of resources C. decentralized decision making D. business cycle E. unemployment

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-07 Summarize factors that influence societys attitudes toward business that lead to criticisms of the system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #58

59. (p. 14) Christmas season is approaching and Kasia's mom is delighted with the range of offerings on the shelves of the toy store. It seems like every single toy manufacturer had a different strategy for the season. This range of offerings is the result of __________. A. self-interest B. allocation of resources C. decentralized decision making D. business cycle E. innovation

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-07 Summarize factors that influence societys attitudes toward business that lead to criticisms of the system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #59

60. (p. 17) When purchasing a new vehicle, Robert asked the dealer: "So when will the car actually do the driving for me?" The dealer laughed and then showed Robert the new Lexus model that parallel parks for the driver. This example is addressing which issue related to society's attitude towards business? A. Self-interest B. Allocation of resources C. Decentralized decision making D. Business cycle E. Innovation

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-07 Summarize factors that influence societys attitudes toward business that lead to criticisms of the system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #60

61. (p. 15) The shareholders of DCV Corporation have agreed to coordinate their share purchases so that the stock looks more profitable just prior to the merger so that the public will see the company as a desirable investment. This is an example of __________. A. misleading financial statements B. kickbacks C. stock manipulation D. bid rigging E. stock-splitting

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-07 Summarize factors that influence societys attitudes toward business that lead to criticisms of the system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #61

62. (p. 15) In recruiting professionals to come and work for the firm, JKL Corporation provides incentives to the employees attending interviews. For example, Mary is encouraged to bring her husband, Robert, to the job interview at the company's expense. This is an example of what form of corporate wrongdoing? A. Misleading financial statements B. Kickbacks C. Stock manipulation D. Bid rigging E. There is no wrongdoing

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-07 Summarize factors that influence societys attitudes toward business that lead to criticisms of the system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #62

63. (p. 17) The belief in the rightness of an institution, in this case the appropriateness of our business system to supply the goods and services wanted by Canadian society, is called: A. Relevancy B. Righteousness C. Legitimacy D. Licencing E. None of the above.

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-08 Recognize that business operates with the consent of society. Sexty - Chapter 01 #63

64. (p. 18) The privilege of operating in society with minimal formalized restrictions, that is legislation, regulation, or market requirements, based on maintaining public trust by doing what's acceptable to stakeholders in the business and society relationship is called: A. Relevancy B. Righteousness C. Legitimacy D. Social Licence E. None of the above.

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-08 Recognize that business operates with the consent of society. Sexty - Chapter 01 #64

65. (p. 10-11) Compare and contrast (a) proprietorship, (b) partnership and (c) incorporation.

Answers will vary

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-05 Explain the role of the corporation as the main economic institution in the business system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #65

66. (p. 13) Identify the five primary tasks of the board of directors as outlined in the text.

The board's main tasks are to: ·Select, evaluate, and terminate employment of top management, including planning executive succession. ·Provide shareholders with financial statements and an external auditor's report on the financial affairs of the corporation presented in an annual corporate report. ·Direct and evaluate strategic planning including formulating plans, keeping management accountable for implementation, and assessing performance. ·Represent shareholders by participating in any major decisions impacting the corporation's operations relating to ownership, investments, acquisitions, divestments, takeovers, or insolvency. ·Fulfill the fiduciary and legal requirements as outlined in the Canada Business Corporations Act.

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-06 Identify the three stakeholders mainly responsible for the operation of Canadian businesses. Sexty - Chapter 01 #66

67. (p. 15) Some critics of the business enterprise system claim that a system based on a capitalistic market leads to inequities. What is the response by supporters of the capitalist system?

Answers will vary

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-07 Summarize factors that influence societys attitudes toward business that lead to criticisms of the system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #67

68. (p. 14-15) Name and discuss four factors influencing attitudes towards business systems.

Standard of living — A prominent argument used in justifying or supporting the business enterprise system is the standard of living that it provides. As living standards increase, it is more likely society will view business in a positive manner. Decentralized decision making — Another factor of the business system considered desirable is the decentralized decision-making process involved. Millions of businesses make decisions independently of one another, ensuring that a wide variety of goods and services are available. This choice is viewed favourably by consumers. Allocation of resources — Some argue that the efficient allocation of resources is more likely to occur with a business system, as allocation is based on the price and availability of resources. However, critics of the business system challenge the efficiency claim. They argue that enterprises control prices, for example in oligopolistic industries, or that business enterprises control the availability of resources, creating artificial scarcities. Self-interest — In a business enterprise system, the individual can behave in his or her own self-interest. Self-interest acts as a motivator, and provides the drive for profit that encourages individuals to get things done. In a competitive business enterprise system, consumers choose among businesses that provide basically the same goods and services.

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-07 Summarize factors that influence societys attitudes toward business that lead to criticisms of the system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #68

69. (p. 6) Contrast deontological and teleological theories.

Answers will vary

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-03 Differnetiate between the three main apporaches to ethical thinking. Sexty - Chapter 01 #69

70. (p. 8) How does a ‘responsible enterprise system' differ from ‘stakeholder capitalism'?

·Responsible enterprise system—An economic system operating as a free enterprise system but incorporating the element of accountability. This definition implies that business enterprises are responsible to society for their actions and are answerable or accountable for being the cause, agent, or source of something. ·Stakeholder capitalism —An economic system in which corporations accept broader obligations beyond financial ones for shareholders. Corporations are expected to balance the interests of shareholders with those of other stakeholders in the business system, for example employees, suppliers, customers, and the community at large. In stakeholder capitalism, corporations are expected to behave with greater social responsibility and be sensitive to the ethical consequences of their actions.

Difficulty: Moderate Learning Objective: 01-04 Provide a brief description of the Canadian business system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #70

71. (p. 4) Why is the term ‘ethics of business' preferred over the term ‘business ethics'?

Answers will vary

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-02 Define the terminology relating to the integrity of business. Sexty - Chapter 01 #71

72. (p. 19-20) Why does business need society and society need business?

An article by Porter and Kramer made a good case for business and society needing each other. Business needs a healthy society in which education and health-care systems exist. There should be equal opportunity in the workforce and safe products for consumers. Carefully developed government policies increase the efficiency of business. This creates demand for products and services, and corporations pursuing profits at the expense of society are naïve. On the other hand, society needs successful companies. Business is needed to create jobs, wealth, and innovations that improve the standard of living for society. If business is weakened by governments and non-governmental organizations jobs disappear, competitiveness is lost, wages stagnate, and wealth declines.

Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-10 Describe the integration of business and society. Sexty - Chapter 01 #72

73. (p. 19) Explain how integrity applies to business students.

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Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-09 Understand the relationship between business and academic integrity. Sexty - Chapter 01 #73

74. (p. 10-12) The business enterprise system has been described in a number of ways. How would you describe our economic system to a new Canadian?

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Difficulty: Difficult Learning Objective: 01-05 Explain the role of the corporation as the main economic institution in the business system. Sexty - Chapter 01 #74

75. (p. 5) What is a responsible corporation?

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Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 01-02 Define the terminology relating to the integrity of business. Sexty - Chapter 01 #75

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