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wikiuntamed · 2 months

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On this day in Wikipedia: Sunday, 24th March

Welcome, 欢迎 (huānyíng), ongi etorri, ողջու՜յն (voġčuyn) 🤗 What does @Wikipedia say about 24th March through the years 🏛️📜🗓️?

24th March 2023 🗓️ : Death - Pradeep Sarkar Pradeep Sarkar, Indian writer and director (b. 1955) "Pradeep Sarkar (30 April 1955 – 24 March 2023) was an Indian director and screenwriter, best known for directing Parineeta (2005)...."

Image licensed under CC BY 3.0? by Bollywood Hungama

24th March 2019 🗓️ : Event - Jakarta MRT Jakarta MRT, a rapid transit system in Jakarta, began operation. "The Jakarta Mass Rapid Transit (Indonesian: Moda Raya Terpadu Jakarta) or Jakarta MRT (MRT Jakarta, stylized as mrt jakarta) is a rapid transit system in Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia. The system is operated by PT Mass Rapid Transit Jakarta (Perseroda), a municipally owned perseroan..."

Image licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0? by Irfan Muhammad

24th March 2014 🗓️ : Death - Oleksandr Muzychko Oleksandr Muzychko, Ukrainian activist (b. 1962) "Oleksandr Ivanovych Muzychko (Ukrainian: Олександр Іванович Музичко; 19 September 1962 – 24 March 2014), nicknamed Sashko Bilyi (Сашко Білий, transl. Alex White), was a Ukrainian political activist, a member of UNA-UNSO and coordinator of Right Sector in Western Ukraine.Muzychko had vowed to fight..."

24th March 1974 🗓️ : Birth - Sergey Klyugin Sergey Klyugin, Russian high jumper "Sergey Petrovich Klyugin (Russian: Сергей Петрович Клюгин; born 24 March 1974 in Kineshma) is a Russian high jumper. He won the gold medal at the 2000 Summer Olympics with 2.35m, one centimetre behind his personal best jump from 1998. A bronze medal at 1998's European championships was his only..."

24th March 1924 🗓️ : Birth - Norman Fell Norman Fell, American actor (d. 1998) "Norman Fell (born Norman Noah Feld; March 24, 1924 – December 14, 1998) was an American actor of film and television, most famous for his role as landlord Mr. Roper on the sitcom Three's Company and its spin-off, The Ropers, and his film roles in Ocean's 11 (1960), The Graduate (1967), and Bullitt..."

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24th March 1824 🗓️ : Death - Louis Marie de La Révellière-Lépeaux Louis Marie de La Révellière-Lépeaux, French lawyer (b. 1753) "Louis Marie de La Révellière-Lépeaux (24 August 1753 – 24 March 1824) was a deputy to the National Convention during the French Revolution. He later served as a prominent leader of the French Directory. ..."

Image by Adélaïde Marie Pilastre / After François Gérard / Gerard van Spaendonck

24th March 🗓️ : Holiday - Day of Remembrance for Truth and Justice (Argentina) "The Day of Remembrance for Truth and Justice (Spanish: Día de la Memoria por la Verdad y la Justicia) is a public holiday in Argentina, commemorating the victims of the Dirty War. It is held on 24 March, the anniversary of the coup d'état of 1976 that brought the National Reorganization Process to..."

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#OnThisDayInWikiHistory #WikiUntamed #WikiWandering #WikiExplorer

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werindialive · 1 year

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Referring Sajid Khan as a creature, Minnisha Lamba spilled a lot of inside beans

Actress Minnisha Lamba recently talked about her Me Too movement. While discussing the movement in India as well as abroad, the actress called Sajid Khan a creature. Sajid was amid a huge controversy for his Me-Too allegations when he appeared on Bigg Boss season 14. Multiple women accused him of sexual harassment.

Minnisha debuted in Bollywood in 2005 with Shoojit Sarkar’s movie Yahaan. Later, she appeared in Honeymoon Travels Pvt Ltd, Bachna Ae Haseeno, Kidnap and Bheja Fry 2. She also took part in the reality show Bigg Boss Season 08.

Talking about Sajid Khan and the Me Too movement during the interview, Minnisha said, “The Me Too movement is and has been so important in changing the conversation around the world about women. It was just a revolution that was on the brink that was waiting to happen. It just needed that one boiling point, that one catastrophe to change the world and that is what revolutions are all about. Regarding the creature (Sajid Khan) you are talking about, the less about the person the better.”

Recently, Sajid took bail from the Bigg Boss show. Before leaving, he was seen giving a message with joined hands and teary eyes. “Jo jo mere kisi se bhi jhagde ho, haath jodke mafi mangta hu. Lekin aap logo ka bahut support raha (I fold my hands to apologise to all those I fought with. But you people supported me a lot).” Sajid quoted that he has to complete the shooting of his film 100 percent and hence have to leave. The movie will feature Riteish Deshmukh, Shehnaaz Gill, Nora Fatehi and John Abraham.

Minnisha, further into the interview, also talked about her career and told the media that she initially wanted to be a journalist. “I did not have the kind of guidance which I needed at that time. I did everything on my own and when I look back, I am wiser. Definitely, if I had to do it again, I would have done certain things differently,” she added.

For more Bollywood news and updates in Hindi, subscribe to our newsletter.

#werindia #leading india news source #Bollywood news and updates #bollywood movies #bollywood news #entertainment news india #entertainment industry #latest entertainment news #entertainment news

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anantradingpvtltd · 1 year

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Price: [price_with_discount] (as of [price_update_date] - Details) [ad_1] Sarkar by Ram Gopal Varma is a dramatic-thriller movie, which is set in the world of politics and crime. Ram Gopal Varma’s film stars Amitabh Bachchan as Subhash Nagre, Abhishek Bachchan as Shankar Nagre, and Kay Kay Menon as Vishnu. Sarkar has been partly inspired by The Godfather. For his supporting role, Abhishek Bachchan won awards from Filmfare, IIFA, and Zee Cine. Sarkar and its sequel Sarkar Raj have been archived at the American Academy of Motion Pictures library. Subhash Nagre is a mafia don, and he lives with his family in Mumbai. He is respectfully called Sarkar by his followers. The first scene shows how a rape victim's father comes to Sarkar for help, after the corrupt system let the rapist go. Sarkar sends his henchmen to beat up the rapist. Sarkar’s oldest son Vishnu is a sleazy producer, who runs after other women even though he is married. The younger son Shankar returns to India after completing his education in the US. Vishnu then gets thrown out of the Sarkar’s house because of having committed a murder. One day, Rasheed (Zakir Hussain), a Dubai based don, comes to meet Sarkar in hopes of striking a deal with him. However, due to moral grounds, Sarkar refuses. Rasheed makes plans to eliminate Sarkar’s supremacy. So he assassinates a righteous Ahimsa political leader who had been openly critical of Sarkar. Now everyone believes that Sarkar is the man behind the murder. Everyone, except Shankar. Sarkar is arrested and imprisoned, where an attempt on his life is made. Sarkar eventually gets acquitted, but is now bedridden. Shankar takes on his father’s enemies. Still not having given up, Rasheed tries to use Vishnu to murder Sarkar. Chief Minister Madan Rathore (Deepak Shirke) is also keen on ending Sarkar and his rule. Ram Gopal Varma’s Sarkar was a super hit at the box office, and it also received critical acclaim. Sarkar’s songs are composed by Bapi and Tutul. The actors in the movie received praise for their controlled yet intense performances. The DVD of Sarkar (2005), released by T-Series in 2005, has a U/A (Parental Guidance) rating. Rated ‏ : ‎ U/A (Parental Guidance) Language ‏ : ‎ Hindi Package Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 18.5 x 13.5 x 0.7 cm; 30 Grams Media Format ‏ : ‎ Anamorphic Release date ‏ : ‎ 8 August 2005 Actors ‏ : ‎ Amitabh Bachchan Dubbed: ‏ : ‎ Hindi Studio ‏ : ‎ T-Series ASIN ‏ : ‎ B005WJN3CQ Number of discs ‏ : ‎ 1 Manufacturer ‏ : ‎ T-Series

Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 30 g [ad_2]

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shubhammaantech123 · 2 years

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Top MBA Colleges in Chhattisgarh

Popular institutions like IIM Raipur and Amity Raipur are among the Top MBA colleges in Chhattisgarh, along with others like Dr. CV Raman University, Bilaspur, and ITM University. Additionally ranked by NIRF and other organizations is IIM Raipur. These universities provide MBA programs in over 30 different disciplines.

Chhattisgarh now has 51 MBA colleges overall, including 41 private and 10 government institutions.

These colleges admit students using competitive entrance tests like the CAT, MAT, XAT, and CMAT.

The majority of these universities charge less than INR 1 lakh annually on average as tuition for top MBA programs. The first year of the PGPM degree at IIM Raipur costs INR 7,28,000.

List of Top MBA Colleges In Chhattisgarh

1. IIM Roorkee

In 2010, the Indian Government's Ministry of Human Resource Development (now known as the Ministry of Education) opened the Indian Institute of Management (IIM) in Raipur, the state's capital. Chhattisgarh is one of India's states that is growing the fastest thanks to its wealth of local, natural, and mineral resources. One of the top MBA colleges is this one.

2. Bhilai's RUNGTA Group Of Institutions

The Bhilai and Raipur-based Santosh Rungta Group of Institutions is the pinnacle of achievement. Every student who graduates with cutting-edge skills keeps up with the times and is far ahead in terms of technical and professional proficiency. It is a temple of learning that cultivates greatness in its students through a painstakingly planned procedure.

3. ITM Chhattisgarh

Raipur is a popular tourist destination for people of all ages, particularly students, because of its historical significance and educational opportunities. ITM University flourished throughout a fruitful year thanks to its aspirational group of students, state-of-the-art facilities, recreational space, and other features that build a holistic and academic environment.

4. MATS University, Chhattisgarh

The Shri Bhagwan Mahavir Jain Education and Cultural Society is the institution in charge of the privately funded MATS University, Raipur, in the state of Chhattisgarh. The university consists of two campuses. Universities are close by, and there is a decent public transportation system.

5. Amity University, Raipur

Amity University is a well-established University situated in the city of Chhattisgarh. The university is considered to be one of the top Universities in India. And provided the best specialization in MBA Programs in Chhattisgarh. The university is offering around 40 Undergraduate and Postgraduate Programs.

6. Shivalik Institute of Management Education and Research

The Shivalik Institute of Management Education & Research is located in Durg, in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh. SIMER is a private university that was established in 2006. The college is authorized by the AICTE. There are a total of 7 programs available through the management-focused Shivalik Institute of Management Education & Research.

7. ISBM University, Chhattisgarh

The goal of ISBM University is to provide services to students at every stage of their academic careers, helping them not just with teaching and learning but also with career development, skill development, and mentorship.

8. Sri Rawatpura Sarkar University, Chhattisgarh

The best non-profit university in the country for teaching and research is Shri Rawatpura Sarkar University, which is managed by the Shri Rawatpura Sarkar Lok Kalyan Trust. It was associated with the University Grant Commission when it was founded in 2018 in compliance with the Chhattisgarh Private Universities Act, of 2005.

9. ICFAI University, Chhattisgarh

The Institute of Chartered Financial Analysts of India (ICFAI) University, Raipur, provides career-focused educational programs at the UG, PG, Diploma, and PG Diploma levels. 15 programs in management, information technology, and science and technology are offered across many sectors. Review the Programs & Fees at Raipur's ICFAI University.

10. Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Chhattisgarh.

Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University (CSVTU) has been offering efficient and superior education in a range of curriculums at the UG, PG, Diploma, and Research levels ever since it was founded in 2005. The following streams are represented by all of the courses: engineering, architecture, pharmacy, management, etc.

Eligibility Criteria MBA Colleges In Chhattisgarh

One of the prerequisites stated below must be satisfied by a potential applicant in order for their application to be considered for admission to the MBA program. a graduate degree with at least 50% of the attainable points from an approved university in any subject with a 10+2+3 or 10+2+4 pattern.

FAQs

Advice for MBA Schools in Chhattisgarh

There are a number of MBA colleges in Chhattisgarh, to name a few.

1 Durg-based Shivalik Institute of Management Education and Research

2 Bilaspur's Dr. C.V. Raman University

3 Bilaspur's Chouksey Engineering College

4 Raipur's MATS University

What MBA specializations are in demand?

The most popular MBA specializations among candidates are business marketing, finance, marketing, and human resource management.

What is the basic fee schedule for Chhattisgarh’s MBA colleges?

In Chhattisgarh, the cost of an MBA program can range from INR 79,000 to INR 14.5 Lakh.

#Top MBA Colleges in Chhattisgarh

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pinerlucky · 2 years

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Block cipher

#BLOCK CIPHER DOWNLOAD#

Knudsen, L.R., Berson, T.: Truncated Differentials of SAFER. Hong, D., Sung, J., Hong, S., Lim, J., Lee, S., Koo, B.-S, Lee, C., Chang, D., Lee, J., Jeong, K., Kim, H., Kim, J., Chee, S.: HIGHT: A New Block Cipher Suitable for Low-Resource Device. Heys, H., Tavares, S.: Substitution-Permutation Networks Resistant to Differential and Linear Cryptanalysis. Heys, H.: A Tutorial on Differential and Linear Cryptanalysis, Available via Hell, M., Johansson, T., Meier, W.: Grain - A Stream Cipher for Constrained Environments.

#BLOCK CIPHER DOWNLOAD#

In: Presented at SASC 2007 (February 2007), Available for download via, Good, T., Chelton, W., Benaissa, M.: Hardware Results for Selected Stream Cipher Candidates. In: Proceedings of Third Advanced Encryption Standard Conference, National Institute of Standards and Technology, pp. Gilbert, H., Minier, M., Collision, A.: Attack on 7 Rounds of Rijndael. Available via, įeldhofer, M., Dominikus, S., Wolkerstorfer, J.: Strong Authentication for RFID Systems Using the AES algorithm. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)ĮCRYPT Network of Excellence: The Stream Cipher Project: eSTREAM. Springer, Heidelberg (1997)ĭiem, C.: The XL-Algorithm and a Conjecture from Commutative Algebra. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)ĭaemen, J., Knudsen, L.R., Rijmen, V.: The Block Cipher Square. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)ĭaemen, J., Rijmen, V.: The Design of Rijndael. Springer, Heidelberg (2000)Ĭourtois, N., Pieprzyk, J.: Cryptanalysis of Block Ciphers with Overdefined Systems of Equations. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)Ĭourtois, N., Klimov, A., Patarin, J., Shamir, A.: Efficient Algorithms for Solving Overdefined Systems of Multivariate Polynomial Equations. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)Ĭid, C., Murphy, S., Robshaw, M.J.B.: Small Scale Variants of the AES. Available via, Ĭid, C., Leurent, G.: An Analysis of the XSL Algorithm. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)ĭe Cannière, C., Preneel, B.: Trivium. Springer, Heidelberg (2000)īiryukov, A., Mukhopadhyay, S., Sarkar, P.: Improved Time-memory Trade-offs with Multiple Data. Springer, Heidelberg (1998)īiryukov, A., Wagner, D.: Advanced Slide Attacks. Springer, Heidelberg (1993)īiham, E., Knudsen, L.R., Anderson, R.J.: Serpent: A New Block Cipher Proposal. Springer, Heidelberg (1994)īiham, E., Shamir, A.: Differential Cryptanalysis of the Data Encryption Standard. Springer, Heidelberg (2001)īiham, E.: New Types of Cryptanalytic Attacks Using Related Keys. Aoki, K., Ichikawa, T., Kanda, M., Matsui, M., Moriai, S., Nakajima, J., Tokita, T.: Camellia: A 128-Bit Block Cipher Suitable for Multiple Platforms - Design and Analysis.

#Block cipher

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bollywoodirect · 5 years

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14 Years of Sarkar (01/07/2005) Sarkar is a political crime thriller film directed by Ram Gopal Varma. The film stars Amitabh Bachchan in the title role alongside Abhishek Bachchan as his younger son, along with Kay Kay Menon, Katrina Kaif, Anupam Kher, Kota Srinivasa Rao, Supriya Pathak, and Tanishaa Mukherji. It is the first installment of Sarkar film series. The film is inspired by The Godfather. Along with film's sequel, Sarkar Raj, released on 6 June 2008, the film was archived at the American Academy of Motion Pictures library. The blockbuster film was premièred at the New York Asian Film Festival. Sarkar was super hit at the box office and was greeted very well by critics. Critics liked the way the movie indigenized The Godfather and introduced a political angle to it. The actors, particularly the trio of Amitabh Bachchan, Abhishek Bachchan, and Kay Kay Menon, were lavished with praise for their controlled yet intense performances. Abhishek Bachchan, in particular, was rewarded for his portrayal as a son who is inexperienced but enters an unknown world so as to save his father.

#Sarkar (2005)#Amitabh Bachchan #ram gopal varma #abhishek bachchan #kay kay menon #katrina kaif #anupam kher #kota srinivasa rao #supriya pathak #tanishaa mukherji #bollywood #bollywoodirect

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fatehbaz · 3 years

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In Indigenous lands where nuclear weapons testing took place during the Cold War and the legacy of uranium mining persists, Indigenous people are suffering from a double whammy of long-term illnesses from radiation exposure and the C0VID-19 p@ndemic. Yet, we have not witnessed in the mainstream media and policy outlets a frank discussion of how the two public health crises have created an intractable situation for Indigenous communities. The Diné are drinking poisoned water, putting them at risk for more severe coronavirus infections.

From 1944 until 1986, 30 million tons of uranium ore was extracted on Navajo lands. At present, there are more than 520 abandoned uranium mines, which for the Diné represents both their nuclear past as well as their radioactive present in the form of elevated levels of radiation in nearby homes and water sources. Due to over four decades of uranium mining that supplied the US government and industry for nuclear weapons and energy, radiation illnesses characterize everyday Diné life. [...]

The nonprofit Navajo Water Project says the Diné are 67 times more likely to be without running water or a toilet connected to sewer lines than others in the United States. As a result, many are forced to drive or even walk several miles to the nearest communal water station. Some instead get water from an unregulated source, like a livestock trough. But research shows uranium mining may have contaminated many wells on the reservation. A large portion of the area’s groundwater has been contaminated with uranium as well as other mining by-products like arsenic that were mobilized by the mining operations, according to researchers who presented their findings at a 2019 American Chemical Society conference. [...]

According to a 2019 report by the environmental groups U.S. Water Alliance and DigDeep about access to water, the number of cases for gastric cancers doubled in the 1990s in the Diné areas where uranium mining had taken place. [...]

In a study published last August in the Journal of Public Health Management and Practice, researchers found a relatively high percentage of households on Native American reservations lacked complete indoor plumbing. While only 0.4 percent of homes in the United States lacked indoor plumbing, on Indigenous reservations that number was 1.09 percent. For the Navajo Nation, it was 18 percent. [...]

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The Diné have paid a heavy toll during the pandemic.

According to the Navajo Times, there had been at least 27,887 reported positive cases of COVID-19 on the Navajo Nation by late January, including 989 deaths. [...]

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The Navajo Nation Council banned uranium mining under the Diné Natural Resources Protection Act of 2005, but much of the mining contamination remains. While the Environmental Protection Agency says that $1.7 billion has been secured through legal settlements with mining companies and other agreements dating back to at least 2014 for cleanup at 219 of the 523 abandoned uranium mines on the Navajo Nation, the Diné say little of the work has been completed. “The biggest thing is that out of the $1.7 billion dollars I think the total amount that has been spent as of today is $116 million on studies. … Out of the 219 that were funded, not one site is 100 percent ready to be cleaned up,” Navajo Council speaker Seth Damon said last year, according to the Navajo Times. The newspaper reported that the Environmental Protection Agency hopes to begin cleaning up the sites by 2024.

Indigenous organizations are doing a tremendous amount of work to address radiation poisoning and water scarcity in the Diné community. These include the Red Water Pond Road Community Association where activists like Terry Keyanna are fighting for environmental justice every day. The Navajo Water Project, a section of the larger non-profit DigDeep, is doing valuable work to address the lack of access to clean water in the Diné community. Since last March, Gavin Noyes and Woody Lee at Utah Diné Bikeyah have provided food and supplies to more than 800 homes, and delivered “175,000 gallons of new water storage capacity to over 600 families without water.” The Navajo and Hopi Families COVID-19 Relief Fund is another grassroots organization, started with a GoFundMe page created by former Navajo Nation Attorney General Ethel Branch that raises money for two weeks’ worth of food for Diné and Hopi families in self-quarantine. Their work is a pivotal lifeline in pandemic times.

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Headline, images, captions, and text published by: Jayita Sarkar and Caitlin Meyer. “Radiation illnesses and COVID-19 in the Navajo Nation.” Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. 3 February 2021.

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geekynerfherder · 3 years

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#AnansiBoys, written by #NeilGaiman (@neilhimself), first published #OnThisDay in 2005⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ #FirstEdition #CoverArt & Design by Richard Aquan & Shubhani Sarkar⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ #OTD #Books #BookCover #BookCoverArt #1stEdition https://www.instagram.com/p/CUDbXmUB2_5/?utm_medium=tumblr

#anansiboys #neilgaiman #onthisday #firstedition #coverart #otd #books #bookcover #bookcoverart #1stedition

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everythingsouthasian · 3 years

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VIDYA BALAN as Lalita in Parineeta (2005) + Eyes ↳ dir. Pradeep Sarkar

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duafatima4569 · 3 years

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2005 Khuda Aur Mohabbat - Season 3 Ep 16 /PK Drama Info

Khuda Aur Mohabbat - Season 3 Ep 16 /PK Drama Info Khuda Aur Mohabbat Digitally Presented by Happilac Paints Farhad and Mahi hail from completely different economic and cultural backgrounds. Mahi, who comes from an influential family, must adhere to the conventions and requirements of her family’s class despite her true jovial nature. Farhad on the other hand belongs to a small town and is instantly drawn to the charismatic Mahi and soon forsakes everything for her. Though Mahi appreciates Farhad’s efforts, she does not have the same feelings for him. In the quest to win Mahi’s heart, Farhad finds himself forming a special bond with his creator and becomes a devotee of love. In this classic love story two star-crossed souls struggle to fight for their love. Will destiny bring them together? Will the boundaries of class and society be broken? Or is Farhad destined to live the life of a devotee? Written by: Hashim Nadeem Khan Directed by: Syed Wajahat Hussain Produced by: Abdullah Kadwani & Asad Qureshi Production House: 7th Sky Entertainment Singer: Rahat Fateh Ali Khan & Nish Asher Lyrics: Qamar Nashad Composer: Naveed Nashad Cast : Iqra Aziz As Mahi Feroz Khan As Farhad Rubina Ashraf As Bari Sarkar Hina Bayat As Maa Ji Junaid Khan As Sikandar Mirza Zain Baig As Taimoor Usman Peerzada As Kazim Javed Shaikh As Nisar Seemi Pasha As Nisar’s Wife Asma Abbas As Farhad’s Mother Waseem Abbas As Taufeeq Ahmed Sunita Marshal As Sahiba Tooba Siddique As Romana Sohail Sameer As Nazim Meherbano As Rida Shameen Khan As Sajjal Momina Iqbal as Naheed #HappilacPaints #Colors0fHappiness #HappilacWipeout #PKDramaINfo #KhudaAurMohabbatEP16 #HARPALGEO #Entertainment

#Iqra Aziz As Mahi Feroz Khan As Farhad Rubina Ashraf As Bari Sarkar Hina Bayat As Maa Ji Junaid Khan As Sikandar Mirza Zain Baig As Taimoor #FunnyDramInfo #KhudaAurMohabbat #KhudaAurMohabbatLastEpisode

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wtf-triassic · 4 years

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Shringasaurus indicus

By Stolp

Etymology: Horned Reptile

First Described By: Sengupta, Ezcurra & Bandyopadhyay, 2017

Classification: Biota, Archaea, Proteoarchaeota, Asgardarchaeota, Eukaryota, Neokaryota, Scotokaryota Opimoda, Podiata, Amorphea, Obazoa, Opisthokonta, Holozoa, Filozoa, Choanozoa, Animalia, Eumetazoa, Parahoxozoa, Bilateria, Nephrozoa, Deuterostomia, Chordata, Olfactores, Vertebrata, Craniata, Gnathostomata, Eugnathostomata, Osteichthyes, Sarcopterygii, Rhipidistia, Tetrapodomorpha, Eotetrapodiformes, Elpistostegalia, Stegocephalia, Tetrapoda, Reptiliomorpha, Amniota, Sauropsida, Eureptilia, Romeriida, Diapsida, Neodiapsida, Sauria, Archosauromorpha, Crocopoda, Allokotosauria, Azendohsauridae

Status: Extinct

Time and Place: Between 247.2 to 242 million years ago, in the Anisian of the Middle Triassic

Shringasaurus is known from the Denwa Formation in Madhya Pradesh, India

Physical Description: Shringasaurus is a very strange looking reptile (befitting of the allokotosaur title), and basically looks like one of those retro ‘slurpasaurs’ from those old dinosaur movies where they just glued horns onto an iguana. At around 3–4 metres long, Shringasaurus was pretty large for a Middle Triassic archosauromorph, and could have potentially stood tall enough to look you in the eye. Shringasaurus had some very unusual proportions, with a small blunt-snouted head on a long, very thick neck attached to some very deep shoulders with tall withers over them. These chunky forequarters contrast with its rear end, with proportionately small hips and a tail that is relatively short compared to other stem-archosaurs. Of course, its most famous features are its bizarre horns over its eyes. These are remarkably similar to the horns of ceratopsid dinosaurs like Triceratops, and are yet another fabulous example of the Triassic doing everything dinosaurs did first. These horns can be as tall as the skull again in large individuals, and curve to face up and forwards. These horns were proportionately smaller in younger animals, and so likely grew in as they matured. Interestingly, one juvenile specimen lacks horns at all, even though a similar sized specimen has them, suggesting that some Shringasaurus, possibly females, didn’t have them. Even on closer inspection Shringasaurus is weird. For instance, it has palatal teeth like some other reptiles, but lots of them, and they’re all shaped exactly like the teeth on the edges of its jaws. No other reptile besides it and its close relative Azendohsaurus have teeth like that. Just imagine how that would look when it opened its mouth.

Shringasaurus embodies the typical azendohsaurid body plan of combining bizarrely ‘advanced’ sauropod-like traits with those of more ‘primitive’ archosauromorphs. Its long neck and small head has obvious superficial similarities, but features of its jaws and teeth are so sauropod-like that they’re only seen in sauropods themselves and azendohsaurids like Shringasaurus—yet another remarkable example of convergent evolution in these animals. Features of its arms are similar to sauropodomorphs too, but its posture was decidedly more ‘primitive’ than them. Its back legs sprawled completely, like those of a lizard, and while the front legs weren’t anything as upright as sauropods, they may still have been held more off the ground in a sort of semi-sprawl than the back ones. This would have given Shringasaurus a sloped back and raised the head and neck higher above its shoulders, so in a way it was still superficially sauropod-like. With horns.

Diet: Shringasaurus was clearly a herbivore from the shape of its teeth, which are leaf-shaped and serrated (indistinguishable from herbivorous dinosaur teeth, infact). The teeth and jaws of its close relative of Azendohsaurus have been studied in detail, and suggest it preferred feeding on the softer parts of plants like leaves rather than tough stems and branches. Shringasaurus had similar teeth, so it likely fed on soft vegetation also. Quite how it used its freaky palatal teeth is anyone’s guess.

Behavior: Not much can be said for sure about its behaviour, but since so many Shringasaurus individuals were found together of different ages, it’s possible that they lived in mixed-aged herds. Sexual dimorphism, if really present, would be a good indicator that the horns were used at least for display, but like the horns of ceratopsids and living bovids it’s also possible they were used in combat, locking their horns in jousts to settle disputes over food, mates, territory, or anything else they might have been grumpy over. The shape of the horns in particular implies they were mostly likely used for this kind of wrestling.

Ecosystem: Shringasaurus co-existed with a decent variety of other typical mid-Triassic animals in the Denwa Formation. Other large herbivores included two dicynodonts, one a stahleckeriine and the other more like the older Kannemeyeria, as well as an early rhynchosaurid. No less than four temnospondyl amphibians are known from there, including the predatory Cherninia and Paracyclotosaurus crookshanki, a brachyopoid (think Koolasuchus), and a long-snouted gharial-like trematosaurid. The extinct lungfish Ceratodus was also swimming around here too. Shringasaurus was one of the largest animals known in this ecosystem, and probably would have only rubbed shoulders with the large stahleckeriine dicynodont for food sources, browsing on tall, lush plants out of reach of the other herbivores. The environment was a broad, semi-arid floodplain with slow meandering rivers, subject to seasonal rainfall and droughts that may have periodically dried up rivers and ponds.

Other: Shringasaurus belongs to a recently recognised group of archosauromorphs called Allokotosauria, the “strange reptiles”, which includes other peculiar stem-archosaurs like Trilophosaurus and bizarre Teraterpeton. Allokotosaurs all appear to be herbivores, and can be characterised by their strange teeth, but they’ve all got different types of them! Shringasaurus and other azendohsaurids all have jaws full of teeth (including the roof of the mouth) that look just like herbivorous dinosaur teeth. The resemblance is so uncanny that Azendohsaurus was considered to be a dinosaur for decades before the rest of its body was discovered. Trilophosaurids meanwhile have a characteristic beak, which in the unique case of Teraterpeton is so long and pointed that it vaguely resembles an anteater, and their teeth are cusped and interlocking for shearing leaves.

Early archosauromorphs used to be thought of as mostly carnivores and insectivores, while the role of large herbivores was dominated by the synapsid dicynodonts in the Early and Middle Triassic, with archosaurs like dinosaurs and aetosaurs, as well as the rhynchosaurs, only taking over in the Late Triassic. Allokotosaurs like Shringasaurus demonstrate that this was wrong, and that stem-archosaurs were just as capable of being derived herbivores capable of competing with synapsids in the Middle Triassic just as well as the later derived rhynchosaurs and archosaurs, including at large sizes as big as Shringasaurus. Intriguingly, there’s evidence to suggest that Azendohsaurus was endothermic to some degree, i.e. warm-blooded, and given their close relationship it’s probable that Shringasaurus was too. This would make azendohsaurids like Shringasaurus some of the earliest stem-archosaurs to have been warm-blooded!

~ By Scott Reid

Sources under the Cut

Bandyopadhyay, S. and Sengupta, D.P., 1999. Middle triassic vertebrates of India. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 29(1), pp.233-241

Cubo, J.; Jalil, N.-E. (2019). "Bone histology of Azendohsaurus laaroussii: Implications for the evolution of thermometabolism in Archosauromorpha". Paleobiology. 45 (2): 317–330

Ghosh, P., Sarkar, S. & Maulik, P. Sedimentology of a muddy alluvial deposit: Triassic Denwa Formation, India. Sedimentary Geology 191, 3–36 (2006)

Goswami, A.; Flynn, J.J.; Ranivoharimanana, L.; Wyss, A.R. (2005). "Dental microwear in Triassic amniotes: implications for paleoecology and masticatory mechanics". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 25 (2): 320–329

Maulik, P. K., Chakraborty, C., Ghosh, P. & Rudra, D. Meso- and Macro-Scale architecture of a Triassic Fluvial Succession: Denwa Formation, Satpura Gondwana Basin, Madhya Pradesh. Journal Geological Society of India 56, 489–504 (2000)

Mukherjee, R.N. and Sengupta, D.P., 1998. New capitosaurid amphibians from the Triassic Denwa Formation of the Satpura Gondwana basin, central India. Alcheringa, 22(4), pp.317-327

Mukherjee, D., Sengupta, D.P. and Rakshit, N., 2019. New biological insights into the Middle Triassic capitosaurs from India as deduced from limb bone anatomy and histology. Papers in Palaeontology

Nesbitt, S.J;, Flynn, J.J.; Pritchard, A.C.; Parrish, M.J.; Ranivoharimanana, L.; Wyss, A.R. (2015). "Postcranial osteology of Azendohsaurus madagaskarensis (?Middle to Upper Triassic, Isalo Group, Madagascar) and its systematic position among stem archosaur reptiles". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History (398): 1–126

Robinson, P. L. 1970. The Indian Gondwana formations–a review. In First IUGS International Symposium on Gondwana Stratigraphy and Paleontology, 201–268

Sengupta, S.; Ezcurra, M.D.; Bandyopadhyay, S. (2017). "A new horned and long-necked herbivorous stem-archosaur from the Middle Triassic of India". Scientific Reports. 7: 8366

#Shringasaurus #Shringasaurus indicus #Reptile #Archosauromorph #Triassic #Triassic Madness #Triassic March Madness #Palaeoblr #Allokotosaur #Prehistoric Life #Paleontology #Prehistory

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dissecting-bollywood · 4 years

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32 Underrated Female Actors of Bollywood

On December 2 of 2019, I posted my “32 Underrated Male Actors of Bollywood” list. In that post, I promised an underrated female actors list soon, and after two long months, I finally got to finishing it. The biggest reason why it took such a long time for me to put this up (apart from spending more time on my other posts) was that there was just way too many unnoticed talents to mention. Many of the women mentioned here don’t fit the typical mold of a Bollywood heroine, but possess such immense talent that it should be a crime to not notice them. So without any further ado, here are 32 underrated female actors of Bollywood. Keep in mind, I am willing to make add more as time passes on so please leave me some suggestions :)

1. RICH CHADHA

Notable performances : Oye Lucky! Lucky Oye! (2008), Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-Leela (2013), Fukrey (2013), Gangs of Wasseypur (2012), Masaan (2015), Section 375 (2019), Inside Edge (2017-)

2. SWARA BHASKAR

Notable performances : Tanu Weds Manu (2011), Nil Battey Sannata (2015), Anaarkali of Aarah (2017), Raanjhanaa (2013), Veere Di Wedding (2018)

3. TANVI AZMI

Notable performances : Bajirao Mastani (2015), Akele Hum Akele Tum (1995), Aarakshan (2011), Delhi-6 (2009), Yeh Jawani Hai Dewani (2013)

4. RASIKA DUGGAL

Notable performances : Manto (2018), Delhi Crime (2019-), Hamid (2018), Qissa (2013), Mirzapur (2018-)

5. TILLOTAMA SHOME

Notable performance : Qissa (2013), A Death in The Gunj (2016), Kadvi Hawa (2017), Hindi Medium (2017), Sir (2018)

6. RADHIKA APTE

Notable performances : Parched (2015), Andhadhun (2018), Phobia (2016), Pad Man (2018), Lust Stories (2018), Badlapur (2015), Hunterrr (2015), Bazaar (2018)

7. SANDHYA MRIDUL

Notable performances : Page 3 (2005), Section 375 (2019), Angry Indian Goddesses (2015), The Great Indian Butterfly (2007)

8. DIVYA DUTTA

Notable performances : Badlapur (2015), Blackmail (2018), Bhaag Milkha Bhaag (2013), Delhi-6 (2009), Stanley Ka Dabba (2011), Veer-Zara (2004), Heroine (2012), Chalk n’ Duster (2016)

9. TISCA CHOPRA

Notable performances : Taare Zameen Par (2007), Qissa (2013), Rahasya (2015), Firaaq (2007), Bioscopewala (2017)

10. SUPRIYA PATHAK

Notable performances : Goliyon Ki Rasleela Ram-Leela (2013), Khichdi (2002-2004), Bazaar (1982), Wake Up Sid (2009), Love Per Square Foot (2018)

11. KONKONA SEN SHARMA

Notable performances : Wake Up Sid (2009), Page 3 (2005), Talvar (2015), Lipstick Under My Burkha (2016), 15 Park Avenue (2005), Luck By Chance (2009), Mr. and Mrs. Iyer (2002), Mirch (2010), Aaja Nachle (2007), Kadambari (2015), Atithi Tum Kab Jaoge? (2010)

12. NANDITA DAS

Notable performances : Fire (1996), 1947: Earth (1999), Provoked (2006), Ramchand Pakistani (2008), Pitaah (2002), Traces of Sandalwood (2014), Hari-Bhari: Fertility (2000)

13. SAYANI GUPTA

Notable performances : Article 15 (2019), Margarita With A Straw (2014), Jolly LLB 2 (2017), Parched (2015), Baar Baar Dekho (2016), Jagga Jasoos (2017), Fan (2016)

14. KIRTI KULHARI

Notable performances : Pink (2016), Bard of Blood (2019-), Blackmail (2018), Mission Mangal (2019), Uri: The Surgical Strike (2019), Indu Sarkar (2017), Shaitan (2011)

15. SOBHITA DHULIPALA

Notable performance : Raman Raghav 2.0 (2016), Made In Heaven (2019-), Bard of Blood (2019-), Ghost Stories (2019)

16. KUBBRA SAIT

Notable performances : Sacred Games (2018-), Jawani Jaaneman (2020)

17. TANNISHTHA CHATTERJEE

Notable performances : Angry Indian Goddesses (2015), Rough Book (2016), Brick Lane (2007), Parched (2015), Monsoon Shootout (2013), Watch Indian Circus (2011)

18. ANUPRIYA GOENKA

Notable performances : Criminal Justice (2019-), War (2019), Padmaavat (2018)

19. RATNA PATHAK SHAH

Notable performances : Lipstick Under My Burkha (2016), Sarabhai vs. Sarabhai (2004-2017), Kapoor & Sons (2016), Jaane Tu... Ya Jaane Na (2008), Golmaal 3 (2010), Nil Battey Sannata (2015), Love Per Square Foot (2018)

20. HUMA QURESHI

Notable performances : Gangs of Wasseypur (2012), Gangs of Wasseypur II (2014), Leila (2019), Badlapur (2015), Ek Thi Daayan (2013), Jolly LLB (2017), Dedh Ishqiya (2014)

21. CHITRANGDA SINGH

Notable performances : Inkaar (2013), Hazaaron Khwaishein Aisi (2003), Yeh Saali Zindagi (2011), Desi Boys (2011), Bazaar (2018)

22. SIMONE SINGH

Notable performances : Kabhi Khushi Kabhi Gham (2001), Laal Kaptaan (2019), Being Cyrus (2005), Four More Shots Please! (2019-)

23. MAHIE GILL

Notable performances : Gulaal (2009), Saheb, Biwi Aur Gangster (2011), Dev. D (2009), Paan Singh Tomar (2010)

24. SHERNAZ PATEL

Notable performances : Guzaarish (2010), Rockstar (2011), Talaash (2012), John Day (2013), Janam (1985), The President Is Coming (2009), Black (2005)

25. SURVEEN CHAWLA

Notable performances : Ugly (2013), Parched (2015), Sacred Games (2018-)

26. RAJSHRI DESHPANDE

Notable performances : Sacred Games (2018-), Angry Indian Goddesses (2015), Manto (2018), Kanpuriye (2019)

27. NIMRAT KAUR

Notable performances : Airlift (2016), Homeland (2011-), The Lunchbox (2013), The test case (2017-2018), Yahaan... (2005)

28. SANYA MALHOTRA

Notable performances : Photograph (2019), Badhaai Ho (2018), Pataakha (2018), Dangal (2016)

29. IRA DUBEY

Notable performances : Aisha (2010), Dear Zindagi (2016), The President Is Coming (2009), M Cream (2014), 30 Days in September (2017), Aisa Yeh Jahaan (2015)

30. KALKI KOECHLIN

Notable performances : Zindagi Na MIlegi Dobara (2011), Margarita With A Straw (2014), Yeh Jawani Hai Deewani (2013), Dev. D (2009), Shaitan (2010), Gully Boy (2019), That Girl in Yellow Boots (2010)

31. YASHASWINI DAYAMA

Notable performances : Dear Zindagi (2016), Delhi Crime (2019-), Phobia (2016), Made In Heaven (2019-)

32. LILLETE DUBEY

Notable performances : Kal Ho Na Ho (2003), Monsoon Wedding (2001), The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel (2011), The Second Best Marigold Hotel (2015), The Lunchbox (2013), Break Ke Baad (2010)

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fuckyeaharthuriana · 4 years

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Arthurian comics list

An amazing website on arthurian comics already exists (Camelot in Four Colors) so you might find there comics that I didn’t add to this list. You might find some overlapping because, well, arthurian comics are arthurian comics, but hopefully you can find new information in this list, especially because Camelot in Four Colors stopped updating in 2015.

The list is divided in comics, Connecticut Yankee comics and, at the end, some famous comics with just some arthurian characters/themes in it, but not specifically about King Arthur.

Comics are in chronological order, the number of issues is the numbers at the moment. For many comics, it’s not clear if they will ever be continued, so I didn’t add the “ongoing” status.

Arthurian comics

2020 Once & Future (Gillen) - 6 issues 2019 Minagoroshi no Arthur (Koga) - 2 issues 2019 Gangs of Camelot (Lawdog) - ? issues 2018 Gawain: An arthurian romance (Sigune) - wecomic 2017 Nimue (Zellers) - 1 issue 2017 The Once and Future Queen (Knave) - 2 issues 2017 Yvain, The Knight of the Lion (Anderson, Offermann) - 1 issue 2017 Unholy Grail (Bunn, Colak, Santaolalla) - 5 issues 2017 Gawain and the Green Knight (Emily Cheeseman) - webcomic + 1 issue to buy 2017 Immortal Brothers: The Tale of the Green Knight (Lente, Henry and Larosa) - 1 issue 2017 Kin'iro no Mabinogion: Arthur Ou no Imouto-hime (Yamada) - 4 issues 2017 Pendragon: The Quest for King Arthur (Andy Winter) - 1 issue 2016 Fate/Apocrypha (Higashide) - 8 issues 2016 Morgane (Kansara, Fert) - 1 issue 2016 King Arthur and the Round Table Knights (J. Flores) - webcomic 2015 Kids of the Round Table (Tinnel, Shelton) - 4? issues 2014 Qishi Huanxiang Ye (Vivibear) - 24 issues 2014 Misfits of Avalon (McDonald) - 3 issues 2014 King Arthur and The Knights of the Round Table (Hall, Richards) - 1 issue 2014 Arthur: King of Britains (Fraley) - 5 issues, collected into one 2013 Kakusansei Million Arthur (Fuugetsu Makoto) - 3 issues 2013 Les Druides (Istin, Jigourel, Lamontagne) - 9 issues 2013 Excalibur - Chroniques (Istin, Brion) - 5 issues 2013 Lancelot (Istin, Alexe, Lacquemoire) - 4 issues 2013 Merlin le prophete (Istin, Goux) - 5 issues 2013 Slaine: The Treasures Of Britain (Mills, Power, Tappin) - 1? issue 2012 Calogrenant (Cameron) - webcomic 2012 Nanatsu no Taizai (Suzuki) - 41 issues 2012 Knights of the Living Dead (Wolfe, Higgins) - 6 issues 2012 Dead Future King (Flores, Gilmore) - 4 issues 2011 Mizuumi no Kishi (Winters, Maki) - 1 issue 2011 Trance Knights (Kugayama) - 1 issue 2011 The Coming of the King: Morte d'Arthur (John Matthews and Sweeney) - 1 issue 2011 Excalibur: The Legend of King Arthur (Lee, Hart) - 1 issue 2011 Knights of the Living Dead (Wolfe, Higgins) - 6 issues 2011 Le avventure di re Artù (Stilton) - 1 issue 2010 King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table (Williams) - 1 issue 2010 Muppet King Arthur (Benjamin, Storck, Alvarez, Silvani) - 4 issues 2010 Lady Pendragon (Hawkins) - a long series, but this 2010 volume collects the start 2010 Fate/Zero (Urobuchi, Shinjirou) - 14 issues 2009 Beyond Avalon (Pruett, Sudzuka, Case, Rieck) - 1 issue? 2009 Arthur: The Legend Continues (Pierro, Zamora) - 3 issues 2008 Caliber (Sarkar, Gastonny, Alexandrov, Velinov) - 5 issues 2008 Frank Bellamy's King Arthur and his Knights: The Complete Adventures - 1 issue 2008 Arthur & Lancelot: The Fight for Camelot (Limke) - 1 issue 2008 Tristan & Isolde: The Warrior and the Princess (Limke) - 1 issue 2007 Avalon High Coronation (Cabot, Coronado) - 3 issues 2007 Dracula vs King Arhtur (A. Beranek, C. Beranek, Moreno, Fotos) - 1 issue 2006 King Arthur: Excalibur Unsheathed (Limke) - 1 issue 2006 Fate/Stay Night (Nihiwaki) - 20 issues 2005 Laz Meridian (Satoru) - 5 issues 2004 Arthur King of Time and Space (Paul Gadzikowski) - webcomic 2004 The Almost Legendary Shannon (Taylor, Yuu) - ? issues 1999 Arthur, une épopée celtique (Chauvel) - 9 issues 1999 Legends of Camelot (Martin, Limke, Trudel et al.) - 5 issues 1998 Le Chant d'Excalibur (Scotch, Melanyn, Hübsch) - 6 issues 1998 Knewts of the Round Table (Fitzgerald, Chamsuwan) - 1 issue? 1998 Merlin (Wood, Alcatena) - 3 issues 1998 Quest For Camelot (from the movie, McCann) - 1 issue 1996 The Once and Future Duck (Rosa) - 1 issue 1994 Il santo Graal (Il giornalino a fumetti) - 1 issue 1993 King Arthur and the Knights of Justice (Golden, Lackey, Wilson, Stein) - 3 issues 1991 Arthur Sex (Aircel comics) - 8 issues 1990 Camelot Eternal (Reed, Reid) - 8 issues 1990 La Quête de la Fille aux Cheveux d'or (Josset, Pommier, Bihel) - 1 issue 1987 Arthur au Royaume de l'Impossible (Duval, Delaby) - 1? issue 1982 Camelot 3000 (Bolland, Wood) - 12 issues 1963 Knights of the Round Table (Dell Comic 1) - 1 issue 1963 Lancelot and Guinevere (from the movie, Movie Classics 310) - 1 issue 1958 La giovinezza di Arturo (Leone, D'antonio) 1937 Prince Valiant (Foster and many other) - still ongoing Unknown date Mickey Mouse and the Knights of the Round Table (Disney Literature Classics 4) - 1 issue

Connecticut Yankee

2014 A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court (Chwast) - 1 issue 1989 Jankes na dworze króla Artura (Horvath, Ruttkai, Zorad) - 1 issue 1984 A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court (Pocket Classics) - 1 issue 1971 A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court (Classics Illustrated 24) - 1 issue

Appearances

Fables Mage (Matt Wagner) The Brave and the Bold Grimm Fairy Tales De Rode Ridder (The Red Knight) Various DC Comics Hellboy Nobunaga the Fool Vinland Saga MAdame Xanadu in Marvel: in some Iron Man comics and Black Knight comics.

#king arthur #arthurian #arthurian legend #camelot #mordred #comics #list #resource #news

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