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forensicfield · 4 years

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Skull Fractures A skull fracture is any break in the cranial bone, also known as the skull. There are many types of skull fractures, but only one major cause: an impact or a blow to the head that’s strong enough to break the bone. An injury to the brain can also accompany the fracture.

Causes of skull fractures:

A skull fracture occurs when a force that’s strong enough to break the bone hits the skull. Any type of impact to the head can cause a skull fracture. This includes being hit with an object, falling and hitting the ground, injuring the head in a car accident, or any other type of trauma.

Classification of Skull fractures:: (Saukko and Knight 2004);

Linear – straight or curved fracture lines, which may radiate from a depressed region, or occur at a distance from the impact site, and tend to occur at ‘unsupported’ regions of the skull (e.g. across the supra-orbital ridges). Linear fractures in children or young adults may pass through the suture lines (‘diastatic fracture’). ‘Hinge’ fractures occur when the linear fracture passes across the middle cranial fossa, separating the skull base into 2 halves, and may be caused by a heavy blow to the side of the head (e.g. in motorcycle accidents).

Ring – these occur in the posterior fossa around the foramen magnum, particularly following a fall from a height (with primary ‘feet first’ impact), where the kinetic energy transfer is transmitted up the cervical spine.

Pond – this is a shallow depressed fracture, more common in infants.

Mosaic (‘spider’s web’) – a comminuted depressed fracture with radiating fissures.

Depressed – a fracture caused by force applied in a ‘focussed’ area e.g. by a hammer. The outer and inner tables of the skull are driven inwards, often causing damage to the brain or its coverings. The shape of the fracture may indicate the type of weapon used.

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forensicsciencesblog · 3 years

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Forensic institute with eight depts, 14 labs will open with 150 students ......Follow ... @all_about_forensic #forensicnews #forensics #forensicscience #forensicphotography #csi #crimescene #crimesceneinvestigation #crimescenephotography #soco #police #policetraining #lawenforcement #csilife #crimescenelife #indianforensic (at Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh) https://www.instagram.com/p/CSMeeaMFzxg/?utm_medium=tumblr

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forensicfield · 4 years

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Practice Set 2. . .**************** Enhance your knowledge with @forensicfield. . Study with us.... . Like it, follow us, Comment your Answers. __________________________ ________________________ #forensicfield #forensicscience #forensicscientist #forensicpsychology #forensicmcq #forensicquestionandanswer #forensicquestion #forensicknowledge #forensicfact #forensicnews #criminology #crimescene #crime #criminalistic #forensiccriminology #mcqs #forensicquiz #forensicmcq #learning #forensiclearner #forensicnotes https://www.instagram.com/p/CAxWpsDj6uG/?igshid=1hedfq52srw4z

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forensicfield · 4 years

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DNA can’t explain all inherited biological traits . Scientists studied proteins found in cells, known as histones, which are not part of the genetic code, but act as spools around which DNA is wound. Histones are known to control whether or not genes are switched on. Researchers found that naturally occurring changes to these proteins, which affect how they control genes, can be sustained from one generation to the next and so influence which traits are passed on. The finding demonstrates for the first time that DNA is not solely responsible for how characteristics are inherited. It paves the way for research into how and when this method of inheritance occurs in nature, and if it is linked to particular traits or health conditions. It may also inform research into whether changes to the histone proteins that are caused by environmental conditions, such as stress or diet, can influence the function of genes passed on to offspring. The research confirms a long-held expectation among scientists that genes could be controlled across generations by such changes. However, it remains to be seen how common the process is, researchers say. The study, published in Science, was supported by the Wellcome Trust and the EC EpiGeneSys Network. Professor Robin Allshire, of the University of Edinburgh’s School of Biological Sciences, who led the study, said: “We’ve shown without doubt that changes in the histone spools that make up chromosomes can be copied and passed through generations. Our finding settles the idea that inherited traits can be epigenetic, meaning that they are not solely down to changes in a gene’s DNA.”

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forensicfield · 4 years

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Combining multiple CCTV images could help catch suspects

Psychologists from the universities of Lincoln and York, both in the UK, and the University of New South Wales in Australia created a series of pictures using a ‘face averaging’ technique – a method which digitally combines multiple images into a single enhanced image, removing variants such as head angles or lighting so that only features that indicate the identity of the person remain. They compared how effectively humans and computer facial recognition systems could identify people from high quality images, pixelated images, and face averages. The results showed that both people and computer systems were better at identifying a face when viewing an average image that combined multiple pixelated images, compared to the original poor-quality images. Computer systems benefited from averaging together multiple images that were already high in quality, and in some cases reached 100 per cent accurate face recognition.

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forensicfield · 4 years

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New method developed to detect and trace homemade bombs The approach uses ion chromatography -- high resolution mass spectrometry, published today in Analytica Chimica Acta. Scientists show that through using this technique, they can detect a very large number of components of homemade explosives down to very low trace amounts. Homemade explosives are frequently used in a number of different crimes, including the Boston Marathon bombing in 2013 and the Oslo attacks in 2011. They are also used in ATM robberies. They have traditionally been very challenging to detect and trace in samples submitted for forensic analysis. Lead author Dr Matteo Gallidabino said: "The method we developed is less time consuming and represents a viable solution for challenging explosives like these. By combining this approach with advanced data analytics, added intelligence can be retrieved from any evidence recovered. This has the potential to significantly impact criminal investigations and further enhance the role of forensics in the administration of justice." The team successfully went on to use the new approach to interpret the time since explosives materials were handled by the original maker, analysing sweat. They were also able to analyse gunshot residue to trace the type of ammunition used. Dr Leon Barron from King's College London said: "The technique is able to tell us so much more than just the explosives content. It detects thousands of different compounds simultaneously, which means there is an element of in-built future-proofing capability to detect new types of explosives if needed or provide critical information about where a device came from or who it belongs to." Journal Reference: Matteo D. Gallidabino, Rachel C. Irlam, Michael C. Salt, Michael O'Donnell, Matthew S. Beardah, Leon P. Barron. Targeted and non-targeted forensic profiling of black powder substitutes and gunshot residue using gradient ion chromatography – high resolution mass spectrometry (IC-HRMS). Analytica Chimica Acta, 2019; DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.04.048 _______________________ #forensics #forensicscience #crimescene #forensic #criminology #forensicfield #forensicmcq #forensicnews https://www.instagram.com/p/CBU0vkullDC/?igshid=qewei7wbzaio

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forensicfield · 4 years

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--A fingerprint can show if someone has taken cocaine or just touched it-- By Donna Lu A single fingerprint can distinguish whether someone has recently touched cocaine or actually ingested it. This test can be completed in less than 2 minutes, far quicker than blood tests, and could be used for forensic investigations or drug testing. “You can use it to say either somebody’s touched the drug or they’ve ingested it,” says Bailey. As well as cocaine, the test picks up on a molecule called benzoylecgonine, which is excreted through the skin after a person has ingested cocaine. The chemical is also present as an impurity in some street samples of cocaine. “Benzoylecgonine in street cocaine actually washes off the fingers,” says Bailey. But a person who has ingested cocaine will continue to excrete the molecule through their sweat, so even after washing their hands it is detectable in a fingerprint. Bailey and her team took fingerprints from people who had touched samples of cocaine of 99 per cent purity as well as street samples that were far less pure.They also took fingerprints from 26 people at a drug rehabilitation clinic who reported taking cocaine in the past 24 hours. For the test, the individual presses their finger onto a piece of specialised paper for 10 seconds. The paper is then analysed using a technique called mass spectrometry to detect the presence of cocaine or benzoylecgonine. The team found that detection was possible up to 48 hours after contact or ingestion. Unlike blood tests, which are the current standard for testing cocaine use, the fingerprint analysis can be completed in less than 2 minutes. It may be used in future as a forensic tool to determine the presence of cocaine in fingerprints left at a crime scene. Journal reference: Scientific Reports, DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58856-0

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forensicfield · 4 years

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Chemical Components Of Insect Venoms ______________________ Enhance your knowledge with @forensicfield. . Study with us.... . Like it, follow us, Comment your Answers. __________________________ ________________________ #forensicfield #forensicscience #forensicscientist #forensicpsychology #forensicmcq #forensicquestionandanswer #forensicquestion #forensicknowledge #forensicfact #forensicnews #criminology #crimescene #crime #criminalistic #forensiccriminology #mcqs #forensicquiz #forensicmcq #learning #forensiclearner #forensicnotes https://www.instagram.com/p/CArwEg9jaYU/?igshid=iw8swomi5ikt

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forensicfield · 4 years

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Signs of Death

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forensicfield · 4 years

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Phosphorus Poisoning Phosphorus is usually used to destroy vermin, in manufacture of bomb flares, smoke screens, and in match industry. Forms 👉Red 👉Yellow-white (poisonous) On exposure to air, phosphorus gives fumes of phosphorus peroxide, which have a stormy garlic like odor. It is also luminous in the dark, and the fumes glow with pale yellow color. Mode of Action 🤢It is a protoplasmic poison. 🤢It affects the cellular metabolism causing anoxia. 🤢It disturbs the CHO, fat and protein metabolism 🤢It impairs blood circulation. 🤢It interferes with bone growth leading to necrosis in chronic exposure. Acute Phosphorus Poisoning: Acute phosphorus poisoning has got 2 phases: 1st phase (1-2 days): Signs of irritation: Extreme thirst Vomitus and stools have garlic odor These are luminous in the dark This phase may be severe so as to cause death of the victim due to shock 2nd Phase: It starts after 2-3 days remission and remains for 3-4 days. Original symptoms appear. It is characterized by: Abdominal distention. Jaundice Shrinking of liver in later stages due to acute yellow atrophy. Hypoprothrombinemia Purpura, epistaxis. Anemia General weakness of the body. CNS Frontal –pain. Insomnia Ringing in the ears (tinitis). Impaired vision. Paralysis Cramps Death is due to hepatic and renal insufficiency. 🤪Fatal dose and period: 120 mg within 24 hours. Treatment a.👉 Antidotes CuSO4 KMNO4 b.👉 Dextrans c.👉 Calcium gluconate d. 👉General Measures & Symptomatic Treatment Gastric lavage is not contraindicated. Postmortem Appearances When death takes place within the first 24 hours, the appearances, generally are those of a highly irritant poison, consisting of; 🗯Inflammation or erosion of the mucous membrane of the pharynx, esophagus, stomach and intestine. 🗯Cloudy swollen liver and kidneys. 🗯Contents of both stomach and bowel may be luminous in the dark. 🗯The body may smell strongly of garlic. ___________________ #forensic #forensics #forensicscience #forensicfield #forensicstudy #phosphoruspoisoning #poisons #poisonandmedicine #forensicknowledge #forensicnews https://www.instagram.com/p/CA3CuLGjpnK/?igshid=13mdfyeiixrq

#forensic #forensics #forensicscience #forensicfield #forensicstudy #phosphoruspoisoning #poisons #poisonandmedicine #forensicknowledge #forensicnews

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forensicfield · 4 years

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Hello, I know you are studying well with the help of your teachers, books and google. . Have you Preapared your notes which will help to revise your topic better? Always preapare a pointwise notes according to your style of study. . We have covered some topic for you which will not only help you in your notes, but also will help you to get marks in examination after reading these point wise notes. . I have got many requests to preapare mcqs on different topic, Which i am continuously uploading, but other videos are also Preapare accordingly so you can remember these point whenever you see related mcqs. . Please let me know in the comments that how much useful you find these? . https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCbYA9O39QzWNHdd3kwB0lLw ________________________ #forensicfield #forensicscience #forensicscientist #forensicpsychology #forensicmcq #forensicquestionandanswer #forensicquestion #forensicknowledge #forensicfact #forensicnews #criminology #crimescene #crime #criminalistic #forensiccriminology #forensicyoutube #forensicstudy #easyforensic #easynotesonforensic https://www.instagram.com/p/CAdQmaNDy-w/?igshid=1ifcdy02u66w2

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forensicfield · 4 years

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Forensic Question & Answer ________________________ #forensicfield #forensicscience #forensicscientist #forensicpsychology #forensicmcq #forensicquestionandanswer #forensicquestion #forensicknowledge #forensicfact #forensicnews #criminology #crimescene #crime #criminalistic #forensiccriminology https://www.instagram.com/p/CAcWUB7D3g3/?igshid=b8sxr958dbs4

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forensicfield · 4 years

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Question- Is there anything like Social Media Forensics? Answer- Where there is crime there is forensic.... For better or worse, social media is intertwined with our lives. That means, it can play an important role in how law enforcement uses social media to fight crime. Many judges gladly allow social media evidence in court. According to an article by Forbes, almost anything you post online becomes part of the public record. Due to the prevalence of communication on social media, an investigator can become a sort of eye witness. When law enforcement examines social media profiles of victims and suspects, they have a front row seat to interactions the involved parties had or are having and with whom they’re interacting. Social media can play a significant role in discovering the mindset of victims and criminals, identifying plans a victim might have made and getting a glimpse into the intricacies of events that unfolded. Some relationships and interactions may never have been uncovered without the help of social media. _____________________ #forensic #forensics #forensicscience #forensicfield #forensicintro #forensicinvestigation #forensicstudy #forensicbiology #socialmedia #Socialmediaforensic #forensicknowledge #forensicmcq #forensicquestionandanswer #forensicnews #forensicinformation #forensicmedia #forensicscientist #forensicexperts #socialsitesasevidence #evidences https://www.instagram.com/p/CA8AToPj6IM/?igshid=1jxabosr7cmv5

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forensicfield · 4 years

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Practice Set 2. . .**************** Comment your answers to get the answers and another practice set. . Enhance your knowledge with @forensicfield. . Study with us.... . Like it, follow us, Comment your Answers. __________________________ ________________________ #forensicfield #forensicscience #forensicscientist #forensicpsychology #forensicmcq #forensicquestionandanswer #forensicquestion #forensicknowledge #forensicfact #forensicnews #criminology #crimescene #crime #criminalistic #forensiccriminology #mcqs #forensicquiz #forensicmcq #learning #forensiclearner #forensicnotes https://www.instagram.com/p/CArvzS5jCzG/?igshid=emgg7b0txodm

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forensicfield · 4 years

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Practice Set 1. . .**************** Comment your answers to get the answers and another practice set. . Enhance your knowledge with @forensicfield. . Study with us.... . Like it, follow us, Comment your Answers. __________________________ ________________________ #forensicfield #forensicscience #forensicscientist #forensicpsychology #forensicmcq #forensicquestionandanswer #forensicquestion #forensicknowledge #forensicfact #forensicnews #criminology #crimescene #crime #criminalistic #forensiccriminology #mcqs #forensicquiz #forensicmcq #learning #forensiclearner #forensicnotes https://www.instagram.com/p/CAe3Qlhj_pp/?igshid=aj1o921vvweo

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forensicfield · 4 years

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Question- How much do you know about Sources of Trace Evidence? Comment your answer and read about it for more information. ----------------------------- #forensic #forensics #forensicscience #forensicfield #forensicintro #forensicinvestigation #forensicmedicine #forensicstudy #forensicbiology #forensiceducation #forensicnews #criminology #crimescene #crimesceneinvestigation #criminalistic #traceevidence #evidence #physicalevidence https://www.instagram.com/p/CAQ1rFQj_P1/?igshid=nf14ob1edu02

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