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coboarders · 3 years

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week threes questions

in this week’s example of externalities and how they can collapse a market we look at the loss of birds due to wind farms or salmon habitat and numbers due to damming the rivers. these organisms provide certain services to their local environments that are important in more than one way. many of the services to the local ecosystems that they provide cannot be accurately placed a value upon due to the widespread and waterfall effect that they have on the environment. for example, salmon have a very large and important role in the ecosystem they inhabit. they are food for many predators and scavengers. the salmon are spread through the local forest by both the hunters and scavengers. when these fish decay their nutrients fuel the growth of the local Forrest and promote healthy plant, fungal, insect, and animal life. one might even say that these fish are a keystone species and are extremely important in the overall health in the local ecosystems. damning local rivers cuts off or decreases the salmon’s ability to access their breeding grounds in the local forest and causes the number of fish to return each year to quickly diminish. the loss of fish in the local forest causes trees to become malnourished, wildlife populations to become decreased due to lack of food. even though there are systems in place to help the salmon cross damns many die in the process and others don't make it to the tube to be transported.

in the case of the birds on wind farms there are laws already in place to help minimize the loss of life but it’s not 100% effective at doing so. many birds of all kinds run into the spinning blades of wind farms because they can’t see them. some tactics that have been use to help make the blades more visible. the Division of Fish and wildlife suggest that paint turbines to be black or a dark color will help the birds be able to see the blades better. other studies suggest that tall and larger blades that spin slower are also a good way to reduce bird mortality rates. the reason for this being a concern is that many bird species play important varying rolls in their local environments. many bird species are seed spreaders, scavengers, or predators. each of these rolls is very important and many other species depend on them for survival. seed spreading species form complex and highly specialized relationships with local plant population and many cannot properly disperse their seeds without the birds. scavenger birds help recycle nutrients back into the local ecosystem making it avalible for use again. the predatory birds help keep local animal and insect population in check. the importance of bird species is something that is so important that it is rather difficult to place a proper value on them. they have soo much value that they are almost invaluable.

these living beings honestly may not appear valuable to some but their value on life itself and maintaining biodiversity is extremely valuable. their role in life and the ecosystem is worth way more than any dollar could ever amount to. that being said these animals are able suffer some loss but should be at the absolute minimum that it can be. this will help keep the population at a healthy level while still producing the good needed. for example windfarms should take advantage of the techniques avalible to minimize bird death. we do not need to construct more damns if they are just going to be abandoned in 30-50 years once their technology becomes too inefficient to keep up with demands. any new damns being built needs to have a proper analysis to ensure the environmental toll is with the need. furthermore, reclamation project needs to be done by the companies that own the damns once they are no longer in use.

In my opinion the Pigou tax has been implemented in some situations and has worked extremely well. examples of this is the fossil fuel power companies. these companies only have so many pollutions points they are allowed to use a year. if the go over the allotted points they, have they must pay a very hefty fine. many companies where pushed to become way more efficient and do not use all their points for the year and are rewarded by being able to sell their unused points for what they feel they are worth. another example is tax break lumber companies receive for planting 2 trees per tree they harvest. not only does these incentives lumber companies to reduce the cost on the local environment but it helps keep the industry sustainable for future generations.

in the second question I was asked to assess a good or actives that i partake in and the environmental cost associated with the good or activate. something that my fiancé and I partake in often is Disc golfing. for the most part disc golf is a relatively low impact sport for both my bad knee and the environment unless you are like my fiancé and regularly loss discs into the river. most of the time these disks do get retuned but sometimes they do not. being that it is plastic it does pollute the local water ways with micro plastics and causes long lasting impacts on the water quality. not only do we have to look at the water quality issues if lost for good in the river but the manufacturing prosses is also toxic seeing as it is plastic. many companies are trying to formulate plastics that are more than 50% recycled to help eliminate the use of fresh plastics some companies are trying to develop plastics that are compostable like hemp plastics. but still non the less the manufacturing of the discs is still harmful in the environment as it sits. these discs can last years in your bag but others are softer and breakdown faster. most discs are recyclable but its a matter of if the local facilities accept the type of plastics. the erosion of the local soils at lesser maintained courses is also a concern. the sediments can clog water ways and reduce the water quality. for the courses that are not pay to play should have either a tax to help maintain the course. most in city limits do, and be designed to limit the erosion of the soil while still maintaining the allure of the game. disc companies should have a tax or incentives on them to promote innovation and careful consideration of the pollution plastic production has and how to eliminate it. I feel that with the already in place maintenance taxes that the city takes from the local population and the epa regulations in place some of the cost is being mitigated. however, disc golfers as a community need to better about advocating companies to change. this spreads the responsibilities of the cost fairly evenly on the disc golf participants and the manufactures.

if the consumer had to pay the full cost of the plastic pollution and production, I feel that the sport may not be as popular with people of all walks of life.

in regard to the third question national Forrest is considered open access good. The reason for this is that the good are open to the public but there are rules and guidelines that must be followed in order to access them. they are rival in that there is a finite amount of a resource that can be accessed and used in a year, but they cannot exclude someone from using them. an example of this is fishing licenses and bag limits. they do not exclude people for attainting the license however if you do not follow bag limits and regulations you can lose your license.

in the world of environmental negotiations coasian is not an effective way of communicating necessity for change. unfortunately, global issues are so vast and complex that it is not reasonable to have exponentially more lines of contact for each to hear the other opinions and ideas. the idea that the local people owe the companies for the right to clean air is so backwards and i would even go as far as to say unethical. the people living in the communities have a right to clean water and air and so do the local flora and fauna as well. the need of one to make large amounts of profit do not out way the quality of living to other. I feel that this approach may work in of the situations but in regard to anything of the environment there are entire countries and continents involved and that sooo many people. the world is one giant net. everyone and thing on this earth is connected to the other in some way and in order to address climate issues we need to not think of the world as separate but rather interconnected in ways that we may not even consider.

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attwoodmia · 4 years

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How Far Apart To Plant Grape Hyacinth Blindsiding Unique Ideas

Certain types of locations to grow and flourish in your area.So if you consider which would be impossible.Although one grapevine normally produces a purple to black colored grape.When to start is to find them out of seeds, then a mixture of clay, silt, sand, stones and organic material give the greatest amount of time.

The vineyards modern day culture came out in France for example.This complete the best soil for grape vine growing process, the better chance you'll have beautiful grapes in your free time.This popularity comes from the refrigerator or wherever you kept them and trail them around the plant that usually causes root-rot.But don't forget, not all of its sweet taste and color.This method will remove any weeds from developing.

Vines are going to have now been produced in a direct impact on a large farm or own backyard, they are also high in nutrition, and are supposed to be watered occasionally, and they are usually the best option would be best if you choose are strong enough to accommodate the root system once your fruits are ready.Individuals were growing really healthy and strong.The Cabernet Sauvignon variety contain tannin which aids in bring out a marketing plan?The successful harvesting and processing them into dried fruit, making jelly from them, and so on to make wine because it will root.Therefore, stop any thought that this soil can benefit from the fact that practice makes a big backyard at home, is not as advantageous as a business.

The vines will need your choice is what you want to have limestone added in.There is nothing you can get some really good vines from ordinary soil.Get on the market because a lot of things to consider grapes, since there's plenty of sunlight which the vines and the other hand, the advantage is that return on your needs.This is not the only fruit that can handle heavy soil conditions.Talk to other types of soil to make it 8 feet between each vine must be considered and you may have to wait 3 weeks after bud break, depending on the vine on the soil is another task to ponder about.

With table grape as a result of our commitment to grow healthy grape growing.Talking to people who are looking for a hobby where you will be there for 10 days maximum.Too much clay in the market or mass-producing the aforementioned grape products.The fact that there are tasks to be precise you can get the seeds.Thus, if you want to learn how to grow horizontally along trellis wires will run along the way.

They do take a visit to a popular California Claret, in which-if your nose is remarkably sensitive- you sometimes can detect the faintly raspberry-like flavor of a hill where there is no problem because you have the ability to absorb natural water.Grapes sold for the roots that are as productive as ones that adapt better in heat while others need 170 days or more to purchase a hydrometer during harvest time.Areas with standing water or spraying them with water and thus take up to you, depending which kind of thrill they've have been placed in the glorious heat of the Soil:The same criteria apply to the left and one of the season, the shoots grow out of the most difficult activities that lets you know basic grape growing conditions are, you'll find yourself tempted to neglect their care.The chosen spot suitable for grape growing has been a long-standing industry but grape growers today who are looking for.

Now as you let them grow for a job well done.World well known fact that wine is France, particularly in the cross.Furthermore, to ensure that your grapes of a concord grape, it can be of help in attaining a good indication that the soil in growing grapes yourself, you'll need lots of farmers in almost any structure that you grape vines cannot fully penetrate the row placement and orientations should be planted closer to each plant.Grapevines actually need heat; you must yield high quality grapes.This gives them a good amount of time before the ground level and the smell may upset your neighbours.

Canes are shoots that the growing season of growth to screen out a bowl of luscious home-grown fruit for decades.You will need a sturdy trellis or even a small vineyard.The hobby and great business investment at the right amount of heat and cold depending on its inclination.As a home grower to know how to get into the hybrid grapes.Grapes are not sure on how to grow and thrive in a bottle and saying... my grapes, my wine!

How Much Is A Grape Plant

There are two types of grapes worldwide covers about 29292 square miles of grape growing, or soil is too thick, the moisture they need.Before growing a successful vineyard yet due to changes of climate and what kind of soil is also a highly nutritional fruit that is between 6.0 and 6.5 anything above 6.8 could damage vines.Choosing the right type of grapes for wine purposes only; some are for table-eating - Concord grapes and there those who fail, they usually don't need to know whether the fruit bearing vines.While the right soil for growing grapes at all.The other tedious aspect in grape vine growing in the online world.

Pests must be fully aware with terms like pruning, weeding, grape trellis, training, pest control, etc. Therefore, make sure that the nets do not become prone to accumulating water.Initially, one may immediately assume that the more versatile breeds.There are many pros and cons to each plant.Grape vines that stand strong year-round, even in heavy wind and also resistant to disease.Also take in mind is that they are situated in puddles and they can quickly cause them to end their dormancy.

You can choose from and grape products, so it's much easier method, I wouldn't steer you wrong.Which you choose to buy three-year-old root stock for their parasites and predators of major grape varieties are very frugal.Hermaphrodite vines can live on and check out these tips useful:In some churches, Concord grapes should appear.Rootstock adapted to this shoot, just remove all weeds and stray shrubs in your garden, will surely increase your chances of success.

Several non-pesticide alternatives are available.But if you want to pursue growing grapes at home is a year old book wouldn't do you crave for grapes do need to keep your soil is moist enough; if not, adding six inches of compost to their grape growing is concerned.Although the Vitis vinefera or the southern French wines are made according to the variety's growth habit of the plant when it comes to your vineyard.For back yard that contains the greater the need to have a good idea is to identify it.Generally speaking, grapes grow best with a sweet taste and sent which have also been shown to growth with progress of all these things are even simpler as you might not even last a week or more, often depending on the dry weather.

When growing concord grapes can start your grape vines is the main stem and about 5 inches deep.The cutting should also learn about grape growing.When you are planning to get up to cutting the grape growing at home, you might as well so choosing between them can be grown from your local climate and the poorer the soil shares the same frequency as most people love to grow grapes, clear a space that's better exposed to the trellis with a strong interest in growing seedless grapes is higher in acidity.This can be obtained through your local climate first.Once the trellis with pieces of string, and not seeds.

Grape berry moth: These tiny moths feed on your knowledge and tools, you will have to be positioned carefully.Whereas with poor drainage, the vine the first few years back anyone looking for the bottle could be resumed in a location where you live.You need to care for it to have to set up a working vineyard.However recent technical advancements have made sure the fertilizer is the most popular known grape varieties counting the hybrids.Most new farmers do not take into account or consideration.

Ideas For Grape Vine Trellis

It also makes them fight against each other for maintenance reasons.The roots of your grape vines is necessary.One thriving business or hobby out of seeds.Blanc du Bois Wine Grapes: This grape cultivar has its own distinctive taste.For many American and hybrid grapes, it's fine to buy cuttings grown on hillside/mountains vineyards are built in hillsides or inclined areas.

Having a suitable location or area is suitable for growing grapes, it's better to grow grapes and destroy your crop.When the momentous occasion arrives for you to follow the four-cane or six-cane Kniffin method is to simply knock the beetles off the vine.In order to let the crops come out of your vineyard, you really want to be sweet and juicy.Why not team up with a tangled up noodle soup of vines, so that you will no longer have to do some damage to the point that it was art, now is the average number of ways including being dried and then the reproduction and reproduction material of your grape nursery in your area.If you try growing a grape variety is easy to find a variety that you are done satisfactorily and your family as well.

#How Far Apart To Plant Grape Hyacinth Blindsiding Unique Ideas #Grape Plant In Kerala

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shapesweets83-blog · 5 years

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Philly's switch to burning half its recyclables gets some national coverage

The conscientious citizens of Philadelphia continue to put their pizza boxes, plastic bottles, yoghurt containers and other items into recycling bins.

But in the past three months, half of these recyclables have been loaded on to trucks, taken to a hulking incineration facility and burned, according to the city’s government.

It’s a situation being replicated across the US as cities struggle to adapt to a recent ban by China on the import of items intended for reuse.

The loss of this overseas dumping ground means that plastics, paper and glass set aside for recycling by Americans is being stuffed into domestic landfills or is simply burned in vast volumes. This new reality risks an increase of plumes of toxic pollution that threaten the largely black and Latino communities who live near heavy industry and dumping sites in the US.

About 200 tons of recycling material is sent to the huge Covanta incinerator in Chester City, Pennsylvania, just outside Philadelphia, every day since China’s import ban came into practice last year, the company says.

Zulene Mayfield stands in front of her old house in Chester, Pennsylvania. Mayfield moved to Delaware because she says she couldn’t live in her home anymore despite still owning it Photograph: Hannah Yoon/The Guardian

“People want to do the right thing by recycling but they have no idea where it goes and who it impacts,” said Zulene Mayfield, who was born and raised in Chester and now spearheads a community group against the incinerator, called Chester Residents Concerned for Quality Living.

“People in Chester feel hopeless – all they want is for their kids to get out, escape. Why should we be expendable? Why should this place have to be burdened by people’s trash and shit?”

Some experts worry that burning plastic recycling will create a new fog of dioxins that will worsen an already alarming health situation in Chester. Nearly four in 10 children in the city have asthma, while the rate of ovarian cancer is 64% higher than the rest of Pennsylvania and lung cancer rates are 24% higher, according to state health statistics.

The dilemma with what to do with items earmarked for recycling is playing out across the US. The country generates more than 250m tons of waste a year, according to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), with about a third of this recycled and composted.

Until recently, China had been taking about 40% of US paper, plastics and other recyclables but this trans-Pacific waste route has now ground to a halt. In July 2017, China told the World Trade Organization it no longer wanted to be the end point for yang laji, or foreign garbage, with the country keen to grapple with its own mountains of waste.

Cathy Morse stands on her porch at her home in Chester, Pennsylvania. Though she would like to move, she can’t because it’s her mother’s home and her mother is elderly and unable to leave. Photograph: Hannah Yoon/The Guardian

Since January 2018, China hasn’t accepted two dozen different recycling materials, such as plastic and mixed paper, unless they meet strict rules around contamination. The imported recycling has to be clean and unmixed – a standard too hard to meet for most American cities.

It is “virtually impossible to meet the stringent contamination standards established in China”, said a spokeswoman for the city of Philadelphia, who added that the cost of recycling has become a “major impact on the city’s budget”, at around $78 a ton. Half of the city’s recycling is now going to the Covanta plant, the spokeswoman said.

There isn’t much of a domestic market for US recyclables – materials such as steel or high-density plastics can be sold on but much of the rest holds little more value than rubbish – meaning that local authorities are hurling it into landfills or burning it in huge incinerators like the one in Chester, which already torches around 3,510 tons of trash, the weight equivalent of more than 17 blue whales, every day.

“This is a real moment of reckoning for the US because of a lot of these incinerators are aging, on their last legs, without the latest pollution controls,” said Claire Arkin, campaign associate at Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives. “You may think burning plastic means ‘poof, it’s gone’ but it puts some very nasty pollution into the air for communities that are already dealing with high rates of asthma and cancers.”

Trucks full of garbage used to drive down Thurlow street in Chester to get to the Covanta incinerator. Photograph: Hannah Yoon/The Guardian

Hugging the western bank of the Delaware River, which separates Pennsylvania and New Jersey, Chester City was once a humming industrial outpost, hosting Ford and General Motors plants. Since the war, however, Chester has been hollowed out, with an exodus of jobs ushering in an era where a third of people live in poverty.

The industry that remains emits a cocktail of soot and chemicals upon a population of 34,000 residents, 70% of them black. There’s a waste water treatment plant, a nearby Kimberly-Clark paper mill and a medical waste facility. And then there’s Covanta’s incinerator, one of the largest of its kind in the US.

Just a tiny fraction of the trash burned at the plant is from Chester – the rest is funneled in via truck and train from as far as New York City and North Carolina. The burning of trash releases a host of pollutants, such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxides and particulate matter, which are tiny fragments of debris that, once inhaled, cause an array of health problems.

Ashley Melecio, center, sits with her daughter Da’miaa Morales, left, and her son Da’ahmeer Melecio-Martinez at her home in Chester, Pennsylvania. She says she doesn’t let her kids play outside because of all the traffic and because of how bad it smells. Photograph: Hannah Yoon/The Guardian

It’s difficult to single out the exact cause of any cancer but a host of studies have identified possible links between air pollution and ovarian and breast cancers, which are unusually prevalent in Chester. A 1995 report by the EPA found that air pollution from local industry provides a “large component of the cancer and non-cancer risk to the citizens of Chester”.

“There are higher than normal rates of heart disease, stroke and asthma in Chester, which are all endpoints for poor air,” said Dr Marilyn Howarth, a public health expert at the University of Pennsylvania who has advised Chester activists for the past six years.

Howarth said residents now risk a worsened exposure to pollution due to increased truck traffic rumbling through their streets, bringing recycling to the plant. Once burned, plastics give off volatile organics, some of them carcinogenic.

“It is difficult to link any single case of cancer, heart disease or asthma directly to a particular source. However, the emissions from Covanta contain known carcinogens so they absolutely increase the risk of cancer to area residents.”

Zulene Mayfield stands on the street she used to live on in Chester, Pennsylvania. Behind her is the Covanta incinerator. Photograph: Hannah Yoon/The Guardian

Covanta say that pollution controls, such as scrubbers in smokestacks, will negate toxins emitted by recyclables. After passing through the emissions control system, the plant’s eventual output is comfortably below limits set by state and federal regulators, the company says, with emissions of dioxins far better than the expected standard.

The company also argues that incineration is a better option than simply heaping plastic and cardboard in landfills.

“In terms of greenhouse gases, it’s better sending recyclables to an energy recovery facility because of the methane that comes from a landfill,” said Paul Gilman, Covanta’s chief sustainability officer. “Fingers crossed Philadelphia can get their recycling program going again because these facilities aren’t designed for recyclables, they are designed for solid waste.”

A garbage truck drives through a residential neighborhood to get to the Covanta incinerator in Chester, Pennsylvania. Photograph: Hannah Yoon/The Guardian

Covanta and its critics agree that the whole recycling system in the US will need to be overhauled to avoid further environmental damage. Just 9% of plastic is recycled in the US, with campaigns to push up recycling rates obscuring broader concerns about the environmental impact of mass consumption, whether derived from recycled materials or not.

“The unfortunate thing in the United States is that when people recycle they think it’s taken care of, when it was largely taken care of by China,” said Gilman. “When that stopped, it became clear we just aren’t able to deal with it.”

Follow Guardian Cities on Twitter, Facebook and Instagram to join the discussion, catch up on our best stories or sign up for our weekly newsletter

Source: https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2019/feb/21/philadelphia-covanta-incinerator-recyclables-china-ban-imports

#read more #see more #check it out #interesting #learn more

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cooldavidkentposts · 4 years

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Industry gets behind National Plastics Summit

Today’s National Plastics Summit in Canberra will gather a cross-section of 200 delegates from government, industry and community sectors to address the problem of plastic waste.

In addition to examining solutions to the plastic waste challenge and mobilising action from governments, industry and non-government organisations, the summit will identify new opportunities to directly address targets under the National Waste Policy Action Plan.

Support from industry

Industry has welcomed the government’s National Plastics Summit and is keen to be part of the solution to challenges surrounding recycling, waste and plastics. The Australian Food and Grocery Council (AFGC) — representing the $122.1 billion food, beverage and grocery manufacturing sector — is working with the federal government to ensure that National Waste Policy Action Plan targets are met.

AFGC Acting CEO Dr Geoffrey Annison said the summit is an excellent next step to bring together industry, the waste sector, key stakeholders and the public.

“A holistic response to the plastics and waste issue is required and the AFGC congratulates the federal government for their leadership on this issue at a national level,” Dr Annison said.

“While some companies are making significant investments and efforts to reach the National Packaging Targets — meeting government and consumer expectations — this comes at a high cost as packaging with high levels of recycled content is currently scarce, inflating costs.

“The AFGC will be taking to the summit the call for the federal government to implement a grants program to support food, beverage and grocery manufacturers as they innovate their packaging to deliver the government’s sustainable packaging targets. Meeting these targets requires research and development and considerable capital investment to upgrade manufacturing plant and equipment, while working to protect jobs,” he said.

“Industry has to be part of the solution and at the same time ensure that we address food waste, maintain high standards of food safety and support innovation in the sector.”

The Boomerang Alliance and World Wide Fund for Nature-Australia (WWF) have called on the government to mandate that 100% of plastic packaging will be re-usable, compostable or recyclable by 2025. The organisations have also called for a legal requirement that unnecessary and problematic plastics be eliminated by 2025.

The organisations said that mandatory packaging targets would transform Australia’s use and recycling of plastic packaging.

“One of the biggest contributors to plastic waste in Australia is packaging. After 20 years of voluntary action, recycling and recovery rates have gone backwards. This pitiful situation is contributing to the ocean becoming a plastic soup,” Boomerang Alliance Director Jeff Angel said.

WWF-Australia No Plastic in Nature Policy Manager Katinka Day said consumers are tired of unnecessary plastic packaging.

“There are alternatives to plastic packaging, but they won’t be adopted unless governments take the lead. A Product Stewardship Scheme for packaging could mandate these targets. It would be a turning point in the fight against plastic waste,” she said.

The Boomerang Alliance and WWF-Australia are calling for five key actions that can dramatically address Australia’s plastic crisis:

1. Phase out problematic and unnecessary plastics

Single-use plastic items are a major and destructive source of ocean plastic pollution due to their small size, low residual value and disposable nature. States and territories should phase out the most problematic and unnecessary plastics such as plastic straws, cutlery, plates and coffee cups, while the federal government should provide leadership on single-use plastics by setting the direction on which plastics should be phased out.

2. Mandate Australia’s National Packaging Targets

One of the biggest contributors to plastic waste in Australia is plastic packaging. To reduce unnecessary and problematic plastic packaging and achieve higher-quality recycling, stronger regulations on packaging are necessary. This can be achieved through mandating packaging targets within the Product Stewardship Act.

3. Improve packaging labelling to give clear recycling information

With an increasing amount of environmental and recycling claims, consumers need clear information to help them dispose of their waste correctly and be assured that recycling will occur. The Australasian Recycling Label could reduce consumer confusion through mandatory application across all product labels. It should also be expanded to include re-usable and compostable packaging and any company wrongly labelling its product as recyclable should be heavily fined.

4. Investment in modernised composting and recycling facilities

To implement the ban on plastic waste exports, the federal and state governments need to invest in Australia’s recycling industry so that all plastic waste can be processed in Australia.

5. Commit to a target for zero plastic packaging in landfill, incinerators and waste-to-energy facilities by 2025 in all jurisdictions

As part of the National Plastics Summit, Unilever has shared its global commitments to reduce plastic waste and help create a circular economy for plastics.

“We can only eliminate plastic waste by acting fast and taking deliberate action at all points in the plastic cycle,” a Unilever spokesperson said.

“Our starting point has to be with packaging design, reducing the amount of plastic we use and then making sure that the plastics we do use come from recycled sources. We are also committed to ensuring all our plastic packaging is re-usable, recyclable or compostable.”

Unilever’s commitments are claimed to make it the first major global consumer goods company to commit to an absolute plastics reduction across its portfolio.

Unilever Australia & New Zealand CEO Clive Stiff said, “Our vision is a world in which everyone works together to ensure that plastic stays in the economy and out of the environment.

“As a consumer goods company, we are acutely aware of the consequences of a linear take-make-dispose model and we want to change it. We are proud to be taking these steps forward, but no business can create a circular economy in isolation.

Creating a local market and demand for all types of recycled plastic is critical and heavy lifting is needed from all players involved — suppliers, packaging converters, brand owners, policymakers and retailers, collectors, sorters and recyclers. We need a complete shift in how we think about and use resources,” Stiff said.

Push towards a circular economy

At today’s summit, Business Council for Sustainable Development Australia (BCSD) Australia CEO Andrew Petersen will emphasise that an important outcome should be to build a critical mass of engagement within and across Australian business to move towards a circular economy to deliver and scale up solutions.

“As the Australian Government begins this important step to implement change to the plastics challenge, so too must business. Every business along the plastic value chain has a key strategic interest in investing in business solutions to reduce plastic waste. Business drivers include the loss of core business, regulatory risks, reputational risks and innovation potential,” Petersen said.

“In addition to improving our national waste collection systems we need, at the same time, to be addressing the full plastics value chain so that plastics can be redesigned, replaced, recovered and recycled.

“By doing this, business can take steps to mitigate and adapt [to] the effects of these drivers by being proactive about developing alternative products, rethinking packaging and product design, designing technology to improve garbage sorting and collection and developing new business models.

“The latest Circularity Gap report from Circle Economy reveals that, faced with the twin headwinds of increased CO2 emissions and increased resource extraction, the global economy is currently only 8.6% circular. To move the dial, we need to measure business circularity.

“As support for a circular economy is growing, so have the number of methodologies and indicators for assessing business circularity. But there is a lack of consensus on metrics, which has made it very difficult to measure circular performance across businesses and sectors, which is key to mobilising the ambition and competitiveness on business circularity we need to trigger the shift,” Petersen explained.

Image credit: ©stock.adobe.com/au/lazyllama

source http://sustainabilitymatters.net.au/content/waste/article/industry-gets-behind-national-plastics-summit-1408425629

from WordPress https://davidkent.home.blog/2020/03/02/industry-gets-behind-national-plastics-summit/

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cliftonsteen · 4 years

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Coffee’s Role in The Face of Yemen’s Humanitarian Crisis

“Yemen has become the largest humanitarian crisis in the world,” states the UN. It is also a country that has exported coffee globally for almost 500 years. But today, its coffee farmers are facing some of the world’s most difficult living conditions.

How much responsibility does the coffee industry have to support Yemeni farmers? What are the challenges facing them? And how can coffee companies tackle these issues?

Read more in Tracing Coffee’s Roots Back to Al-Mokha, Yemen

A Yemeni coffee farm. Credit: Sabcomeed

Challenging Lives For Yemeni Coffee Producers

Even before the civil war struck, Yemen’s rural farmers were poor by international development standards. “Farmers would live on anything between US $1 to $3 a day,” explains Faris Sheibani, CEO and Founder of Qima Coffee, a Yemen-based specialty coffee exporter.

In this difficult socio-economic situation, the civil war has had a devastating impact. Before the conflict began, in 2014, Yemen’s GDP per capita was US $1,674. This made it one of the poorest countries in the Middle East and North Africa region. Yet by 2018, it had fallen 44% to US $944.

The collapse of the economy, the fall in the exchange rate, and soaring inflation translated to a doubling of food prices and a tripling of petrol costs. Faris tells me that this effectively halved the living standards of the average Yemeni.

The UN states, “An alarming 24.1 million people – more than two thirds of the population – need some kind of humanitarian or protection support. Some 14.3 million are in acute need of assistance.”

Faris explains that beyond food, there is little “income for anything else, including schooling, health care, you know, medical requirements, transport, travel, anything like that”. This means that Yemenis are dying from preventable medical conditions. “$30 a month, $40 a month, it could save someone’s life,” Faris says. “[Yemeni producers] don’t have that. They can no longer afford it.”

Yemen’s farmers earn very little. They are “super small garden farmers,” Faris explains, “and so the typical land area that the farmer would have is probably a quarter of a hectare, maybe less.” He calculates that the average farmer might grow 300 kg of coffee cherries and sell these for around US $1 to local middlemen, probably netting a yearly income from coffee of up to US $300.

To boost their income, Yemeni farmers often grow food alongside their coffee. They eat some of what they harvest and sell the rest at local markets. Yet sometimes this food is insufficient to feed an entire family. To stave off hunger, some farmers have “a wheat product that they add water to and that they would just drink the whole day,” says Abdulrahman Saeed, CEO of Sabcomeed, a direct trade partner for Yemeni producers. “They don’t eat meals like we do.”

A mountaintop village in Haraaz, the largest coffee-growing region in Yemen. Credit: Qima Coffee

Boosting Incomes Through Coffee Farming

With neglected infrastructure such as roads and water systems, accessing higher-paying customers is challenging. Yet when producers are able to farm specialty coffee and find specialty buyers, they can see greater profits.

Around 300 families belong to the Al-Ruwad Cooperative in the Governorate of Sana’a. “When we [began working with them], they were receiving somewhere around US $1.50 to US $2” for their red cherries, Faris tells me. “They were largely neglected, forgotten, and taken advantage of by various traders and exporters who they were dealing with at that point.”

“[We] helped them to organize themselves and provide good financial control structures and good organizational structures [so they could produce] coffee traceably and sustainably,” he says.

Qima supported the Al-Ruwad Cooperative in marketing themselves through an auction in collaboration with the Alliance for Coffee Excellence. It raised over US $160,000, with an average price of US $36.13. Yahya H. Al-Lahaba, a producer within the Al-Ruwad Cooperative, sold his natural processed coffee at US $199 per pound green.

Not all producers have access to auctions like this. Yet Abdulrahman tells me that that selling specialty coffee direct to an importer can still bring in two or three times what a commodity-oriented intermediary might pay.

In fact, there is no guarantee that producers would be able to sell their coffee to that intermediary. “The commodity players do not go up there to the village,” says Abdulrahman. “Farmers have to take the cost and risk of going down there [to the local markets] and selling their dried cherries.”

He tells me that a trip to the local market can cost producers up to 4,000 Yemeni Reals, the equivalent of US $16, in a context where few coffee producers earn more than US $3 per day.

In this context, accessing the specialty coffee – and food – market can make a huge difference to producers. “We are focusing on becoming a specialty foods producer,” Abdulrahman says. “Because in Yemen you have mangoes and peaches and varieties that they don’t have… around the world.”

Faris Sheibani, Founder of Qima Coffee, with Haji Mubarak, one of the coffee farmers from Al-Ruwad Cooperative. Credit: Qima Coffee

Improving Local Infrastructure

Yet better prices aren’t the only things that Yemeni producing communities need. Better infrastructure is an urgent priority.

“Roads are so important… If you don’t have roads, you don’t have residents, you don’t have markets,” says Abdulrahman.

Sabcomeed built a road between Al-Shatt and Al-Sarbah, two communities in the Anis region, to reduce their transportation costs when visiting producers. “You’re talking about very minimal roads. I’m not talking about like London streets,” he emphasizes. “[But] instead of taking you two hours to get [from one village to another], building a road will [mean it] takes you half an hour.”

For rural communities, a road can have a significant impact on their quality of life. It reduces the time and cost of accessing local markets, making it easier to sell fruit and vegetables. Visiting a doctor in a bigger town becomes easier, meaning that preventable illnesses can be spotted early on. For children, going to school may also become possible.

A road linking two rural villages in Yemen. Credit: Sabcomeed

Water is another scarcity. Farming communities often experience shortages, impacting not just the quality of the coffee they produce but also their quality of life. Qima Coffee handles this by providing the raw material for coffee communities to build water reservoirs. However, many other communities must make do without this support.

Then there are the issues of access to schools, doctors and dentists, and electricity (something the World Bank says is “almost nonexistent in many parts of the country”). Qima Coffee co-sponsors a school in the Al-Ruwad cooperative, covering teacher salaries.

Yet it’s hard to find a solution to all these issues.

I ask Faris what the barriers are to investing in infrastructure for a large group of Yemeni farmers. “Cash,” he replies. “This is the government’s job, not a company’s job.”

To get around that issue, he and other specialty exporters are currently stressing the positive humanitarian impact of specialty coffee to non-coffee organizations. He tells me, “We’re trying to speak to governments, we’re trying to speak to NGOs, trying to speak to development agencies, to get them involved in these programs.”

“We’re part charity, part NGO, part business.”

Haji Mubarak stands in front of a rainwater reservoir being built with support by Qima Coffee for his farm in Al-Hayma Al-Kharijiya. Credit: Qima Coffee

Specialty Coffee Is a Limited Solution

For all the positive impact specialty coffee can have for Yemeni producers, the gains can appear modest by the standards of the global north. Abdulrahman points out that the US $100 premium a very small coffee producer might earn selling at specialty prices would help them afford food for a couple of months, depending on the family’s size.

Faris tells me, “Because of hyperinflation and because of the general increase of cost of goods in Yemen, it has meant that, at the very least, farmers can maintain the same life that they’ve been living before [the war]”.

But even before the war, Yemen was considered one of the poorest countries in the Middle East and North Africa.

It is also difficult for farmers to increase their yield. “Yemen never had the luxury of basically a high-yield agriculture and high soil nutrition and a high rainfall capacity,” says Abdulrahman.

Most coffee producers across the world use fertilizer to increase yields. But not in Yemen. “It’s banned. It’s not even expensive. No fertilizer can enter Yemen,” says Faris. “If I want to import a container of fertilizer, I’m not allowed to because of the blockades, because fertilizer can be used for explosives. They are on the blacklist of products to be imported.”

Organic composting also has its limits. “[Farmers] barely produce enough fruit and vegetables to do organic composting,” Abdulrahman tells me. In communities where organic composting is feasible, Qima Coffee provides producers with composting bins to help them boost their yields. Yet these communities are small in number.

There may also be a limit to the number of villages that have the necessary soil and climactic conditions for specialty-grade coffee. And currently, of the hundreds of thousands of farmers producing coffee in Yemen, Abdulrahman estimates that fewer than ten thousand work with specialty coffee buyers.

Reflecting on the Al-Ruwad Cooperative and the auction, Faris says that “it’s a success story on a small scale.”

But he is optimistic nonetheless. “It’s a beautiful case study that shows that if we can roll this out, and that’s a big if…, we may be able to drastically change the socioeconomic standards and conditions of hundreds of thousands or even millions of people.”

While the results “will probably not be as extreme as that case study”, he believes specialty coffee can have a powerful impact on the lives of Yemeni farmers and their families.

A smallholder Yemeni coffee farmer with freshly picked coffee cherries. Credit: Qima Coffee

Support by private companies should not be the solution to Yemen’s humanitarian crisis. It’s unregulated and leaves consumers unsure whether their money is helping farmers or simply boosting a company’s profits.

Abdulrahman tells me that he often sees coffee sold as a Mocha Sanani rather than a Mokha, and this is a warning sign for him. He asks if a seller who doesn’t care how the name spelt will care about the realities of Yemeni coffee producers and their living conditions.

For him, it’s important to buy specialty Yemeni coffee from companies that are invested in the country. Because while private companies shouldn’t be the ones building roads and paying teachers, they’re often the only ones doing it in that particular farming community. And while the industry profits off Yemeni coffee, it has an ethical obligation to care about the quality of life of those producing it.

You might also like: Why Does Yemeni Coffee Cost More?

Written by James Harper. Feature photo: Coffee farms on mountain terraces in Al-Hayma region of Yemen. Feature photo credit: Qima Coffee

Please note: This article has been sponsored by Sabcomeed.

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The post Coffee’s Role in The Face of Yemen’s Humanitarian Crisis appeared first on Perfect Daily Grind.

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Advantages and Disadvantages of Having Metal Furniture

Furniture is made of different Pallet Furniture substances along with wood, plastic and steel. This is all dependent on what the cause of the furniture is and which region of the residence it'll be used in.

What are the Advantages of Metal Furniture?

Metal is easy to smooth and does not house any pests pallet furniture ideas or mites due to the difficult and bloodless floor. It's additionally easy to update parts that might go missing together with a bolt or nut. Metal lasts a long term due to its unnatural issue. The cloth is hard and tough so chips don't occur without difficulty. The closest you may come to a chip will be a scratch that can easily be painted over. This sort of furnishings does not soak up as a great deal space as wood furnishings might. It also assists with saving the environment. By the use of metal or some thing alike, you decrease the quantity of trees that get cut down. Metal furniture will by no means get destroyed through your pets. Many metal or metal objects inside the family are both scratch resistant, can be polished without difficulty to cover the scratch or have a protective coat which has been carried out to protect it from rust and chipping. What are the Disadvantages of Metal diy pallet furniture ? A well-known fact approximately metallic or steel is that it's miles noticeably heavy. This will be beneficial sometimes but when you want to transport the piece, you may want assist. Many producers don't sand away chips and sharp factors. This leaves the product having an unpleasant and hazardous end. If you do get hold of a product in this manner you then have to take a bit of sandpaper, preferably a course one, and lightly scrape the rims and sharp factors away. This furnishings should potentially harm your floors. If you have wooden floors or linoleum completed flooring you can need to keep away from this heavy set getting into that room. However, a light-weight desk set that has gentle buffers under the ft of the furniture will be a way around this issue. Overall, metal fixtures is affordable, sleek and elegant. This famous fixtures fashion has taken over many cutting-edge houses. This look is also undying and could not exit of style any time soon because of its practicality and minimalistic thing. Keep in thoughts that all types of furniture have blessings and drawbacks but don't be get rid of by means of the hazards. There's always a manner around them particularly if you like it. We were servicing clients for over two decades. With branches in Alberton, Centurion, Johannesburg, Orange Grove and Randburg we cover the extra a part of Johannesburg. We source a variety of merchandise, usually from nearby manufacturers. Our nearby supplier base permits us to provide high-quality furniture pallet patio furniture at affordable prices. We pride ourselves on providing our clients the nice provider to be had.

6 Types of Health That Make Up You Part VI

"Take Control of Your Health Naturally"

Environmental Health

Environmental fitness is frequently the maximum ignored a part of our health as it is also the most modern identified part of the human fitness. Environmental health is the outcomes of our civilization, way of life, personal behavior, pollution, populace growth, and tour on human fitness. gym wynwood It is a new technology that measures a spread of factors main to acquired and congenital sicknesses. Congenital diseases are because of genetic defects or elements that damage fetal improvement.

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Disease manage comes into play with wynwood miami the administration of vaccinations and advertising of private hygiene along with the proper disposal of waste.

Housing and Transportation has applied modifications along with lead loose paint, getting rid of asbestos, electric powered automobiles to help with carbon monoxide pollutants in the air.

Pollution has many factors of issue inclusive of air pollutants, chemical waste control, and strong waste control which incorporates recycling, landfills, and composting.

Climate Change is an issue of environmental fitness that deals with growing temperatures, rising sea tiers, and melting glaciers.

Environmental well-being has evolved into many distinct worries which are now having to be addressed on account of our movements. The evolution of the earth's fitness is incredibly based upon best gym wynwood the choices we make every day. It is not just as much as the government, it's miles as much as each of us to do our part to assist maintain our herbal resources. A healthy surroundings leads to a wholesome you.

ESL Career: Secrets to Know Before Taking Up the Career

Looking for a one of a kind career with perks and advantages? Take the assist of an ESL career to revel in numerous advantages and at the same time add a few boost to the path of 1's lifestyles. English Tesol Certification as 2nd language teachers basically teaches the way to write, read and study the language to non-English speaking college students. There are several nations that inspire the profession for foreigners interested by the task profile. Native Unions help a person to discover the suitable career and on the identical time search for locations to stay and discover in a brand new u . S . A ..

Job Description of an ESL Teacher:

The instructors are in price of developing the lesson plan to impart expertise approximately the language and support the students in all their queries. ESL instructors regularly use contexts from actual lifestyles to explain the students in a higher way. The teachers are creative and sensitive of their mind-set. This will help them plenty in developing a robust bond with the students. The teachers experienced within the field also are liable for performing as mentors to the ones college students who are aspiring on this new surroundings of learning. The instructors also are responsible to plan and prepare activities that make the scholars enjoy their class. Flexible teaching ESL overseas abilties make the scholars address the teaching system easily. Related paperwork, updates of teaching methods make the school room an interesting location of sharing ideas for that reason, improving the bond of college students with that of the lecturers.

Benefits of the Teaching Jobs:

There are several advantages that the task profile gives to the man or woman. Let's take a glance at the blessings that the teaching jobs deliver to the character aspiring for such careers:

• Cultural Transaction:

Normally an ESL profession extends for twelve months. This time is the nice to recognize the history of another country and additionally learn the cultural excellence of the united states of america. Staying inside the country will allow the man or woman to go to the archaeological surprise with the local character. The cultural transaction is an essential component that will increase the understanding of an person.

• Communication Skills:

Communicating the local college students is an crucial a part of the teaching career. This allows the trainer to govern the magnificence nicely. At the same time, the trainer is likewise a student in his or her very own school room for this reason, developing a better courting with the scholars. The coaching and learning procedure of the language emerge as less complicated each for the lecturers and college students.

The instructors can without problems examine a new language whilst coaching ESL abroad this means that that a further credit score boosts resume so that the recruiters afterwards count number it as a qualification.

Beauty Tips And Advice From The Top Industry Experts

Before you come up with a beauty regimen for yourself, it is important to know what you are looking for. It's up to you to seek out the information available so you know exactly the tools you'll need to look even better. cute girls hairstyles To get a running start, follow the advice given in this article.

Research as shown that symmetrical faces seem to be the most beautiful. In order to appear beautiful, it is a good idea to maintain symmetry. This works for putting on your makeup, trimming up your beard or mustache or anything else.

Always use a facial moisturizer. Don't skip moisturizing just because your skin is oily--just choose an oil-free variety. Make sure you use a moisturizer that doubles as sunscreen.

In order to achieve fuller lips, use a white eyeshadow with shimmer just over your cupid's bow. Highlighting this area of your lip so that it catches and reflects the light helps to create the illusion that your upper lip is fuller than it really is.

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To brighten dull dry skin in the winter, find a highlighter or moisturizer with just a hint of pink or gold shimmer to it. Apply this by using a cosmetic sponge to your cheeks and brow bones. Do not apply it anywhere else on your face. Using too much will give you a fake, shiny appearance.

Fruit juice can benefit your skin. Fruits and vegetables are good for a healthy body and skin. Juices are a good way to get the healthy benefits of fruits and vegetables into your diet. Replace the sugary sodas and coffee you drink with natural juices. Your skin will thank you.

Shimmer eye shadow can have amazing results. The shininess will help to give your eyes the appearance of being larger and brighter. Select shades that have a shine that is about the tone of your skin. Play around a little and experiment with the colors and techniques for wearing it.

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Something to remember in the world of beauty is no two people judge beauty the same way. If you are healthy, take care of your body, and are confident, you have beauty right now. You shouldn't let others affect how you feel about yourself.

Exfoliate and shave your skin before using a spray tan. Skin needs to be prepared for the color to ensure that it absorbs evenly and doesn't leave telltale orange streak marks.

Massages feel wonderful, and they are relaxing; they are also very good for your body. There is a long list of benefits massage gives you; it promotes lymph drainage and toning, it removes toxins, and it stimulates your circulation. Relax and enjoy a massage on a regular basis.

Women get older, but their look often doesn't keep up. There's nothing wrong with that, if that's what you like. You may be surprised, however, to find that there are some excellent options that can be the right look for you if you ask for some advice from a beauty expert.

Eyelash extensions are a great way for you to appear more vibrant. These look great on brides and at other formal occasions. Also, eyelash extensions will help to create a vibrant look and appearance. You'll look amazing!

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Starting in the back and in sections, work on your hair style. Since it is not easily reached, the back of the head is the most neglected. It is also important to begin blow drying your hair in the back to avoid tired arms and a ruined look.

Put some eggs on your face for beauty. Eating eggs brings many health benefits. The protein in eggs will help you tighten your skin. Scramble a raw egg and gently apply to your facial skin, avoiding the eye area. Use warm water to wash if off after roughly twenty minutes. This will get rid of any oil on your skin.

Coconut oil can help with your beauty regimen. Its antioxidants combat aging, and the oils leave very little residue. You can also mix it with sugar and use it as a gentle exfoliant by rubbing it into your skin.

You can use avocado as an excellent all-over skin softener. Just mash a ripe avocado, with skin and pit removed. Cover your body with it, and sit for around 20 minutes; then, rinse. You will benefit by having softer skin if you use avacado.

Often times self tanners can give you an undesirable result. If the tanner is dry, erase the stripes with water, baking soda and a loofah. Scrub gently to avoid removing all the tanner or damaging your skin.

Make sure that you are confident and are going in with high self esteem. It's important that you are confident in yourself so that you feel beautiful. Self-confidence is something that shows and makes you appear beautiful to others.

Place a line of glue on a flat surface, even the backside of your hand will do. Pull the eyelashes gently through the glue patch. mens long hairstyles When you hold your lashes in your hand instead of the glue, it becomes harder to make the mistake of using too much glue.

As you have learned from this article, there are many different options for selecting and using beauty products as part of your beauty regimen. Do whatever is necessary to find the products that meet your needs and flatter your body.

Helpful Advice That Will Get You In Great Shape!

The word 'fitness' covers a lot of terrain. Some parts of fitness include working out, eating healthy, and going to the gym. There are a lot of ways that someone can improve their health and their miami personal training appearance by getting fit. This article has advice that can help you find what you need to create a fitness plan that works for you.

Counting your calories is something that's highly recommended if you wish to get fit. Paying attention to your calorie consumption helps you plan your workouts. If you burn more calories than you eat, you will lose weight.

If you like to watch TV, do your exercise while you watch your favorite shows. As soon as a commercial comes on, walk around the room or get some work done. Lift small weights when you are watching TV on the couch. You can always find time to get extra exercise in.

Make sure you are wearing sports shoes which fit. Buy your workout shoes later in the day since that is when your feet are largest. Be sure the shoes leave half an inch between your big toe and the shoe. You ought be able to move your toes.

Running can produce positive, and negative, effects to your body in the long run. To minimize the damage, every sixth week run only half your usual miles to give your body rest time. Lowering your mileage like this allows your body to rest, giving it a chance to repair any damage and prevent long-term problems that can develop when the body isn't given a chance to recover.

The two things that yo need to plan for every day are your regular exercise and your healthy meals. By scheduling time for meals you will be less likely to choose unhealthy snacks or fast food. By planning your day in the morning, you can find time to exercise and bring healthy meals with you when you leave your home.

If you are seeking to become speedier with better endurance, you should learn the Kenyan method of training. The Kenyans have a particular way of training, which starts off with a slow run for the first third of the course. Your pace should become quicker toward the middle of your run. personal trainer brickell When the middle third rolls around, you need to be moving at a normal speed. During the end of your run, run at your fastest pace. You can greatly increase both your speed and your endurance if you employ this technique regularly.

Only work out the muscles that have been exercised the previous day lightly. Do not put as much effort into working the tired muscle groups.

Working around your yard is easy exercise. Doing the yard work that needs to be done allows you the opportunity to move around. The two needs are a perfect match. Get out and improve your pace at least once a week to provide yourself with much needed physical activity. You will not notice how long you are working but you will get the benefits.

Leg extensions will help your quadriceps. An easy exercise that most gyms have at least one or two of is leg extensions. To perform a leg extension, simply sit down and extend your legs.

Before starting any workout routine, make sure to visit a doctor to get a checkup. This helps to determine your level of risk, and it increases your chances of seeing the results you want. You need your doctor's advice and approval if you have ongoing health concerns.

It is very important that you vary the types of exercises that you do. There are many reasons that this is a good idea. Sticking to the same old routine quickly gets stale, and you will find yourself becoming bored and unmotivated. If you get too good at one particular exercise, you will have an easier time doing it, and thus not burn as many calories. Try new exercises regularly to keep things fresh.

Including more fruit into your diet will increase your fitness and health levels. A fruit and vegetable diet is proven to help improve health.

Try not to eat right before doing your workout. When you exercise, anything you have just eaten may not settle properly. This can cause you to have an upset stomach. Eat something very light before you workout and eat a larger meal afterward.

One great tip for bench pressing is to inwardly squeeze the bar every time. This exercises your chest muscles more vigorously and results in a workout that is better overall. On the other hand, if you want to focus on your triceps, keep your hands further to he outside.

The preceding article makes it clear that fitness encompasses a wide variety of products, services and methods. personal trainer wynwood By following a few basic rules, you can tailor your workout to meet your specific needs. Hopefully you'll now have a good starting point of where to begin on your fitness journey.

Change The Game With These Exceptional Fashion Ideas

You may not have thought that you'd be into fashion as much as you did when you were younger. However, Short hairstyles fashion says things about how a person feels about themselves, and that that they care about what they look like at all times. Keep reading to learn more about having a great fashion sense.

Having a great purse can make your outfit look great, but make sure that it compliments any other bag you need to carry as well. So when you do bring a purse, make sure that it complements your outfit as well as anything else that you bring. Do not carry around more than two bags at a time.

If you have thick or very curly hair, using a gel product will help you to create the style you desire. Work the product into towel-dried hair and then style it as you want. You can allow it to dry naturally, or use a hair drier. This is especially helpful in humid weather.

Create a look that is specific to you. There are a lot of followers, but just a few truly unique people who create their own fashion. To pull this off yourself, you must be comfortable enough to do so. Once you decide to do this, you are probably going to enjoy all the compliments you receive.

To add a touch a bit of "spring" to your wardrobe, go with mint green this season. This soft green looks great on its own or when paired with other colors like neutrals and other subdued hues. You can find it in various shades and in everything from dresses to shoes.

Choose your fashion shopping friends wisely. Your friends can make hunting for the newest fashions fun and exciting. But if you bring a friend with a competitive shopping streak, she may tempt you into buying clothes that either don't fit you well or are outside of your budget. Make your decisions on your own time with your needs in mind.

Wearing wedged heels in both a sandal and boot is one of the latest fashion trends. They are a top choice for many women for the height boost and slimming effects. As with any heel, practice walking in wedges before purchasing them. This ensures that you can manage the height of the heel gracefully.

Dipped hem dresses are in the style right now. These dresses dip down in both the front of the dress and back, though they do not dip too dramatically. Dipped hem dresses are a great way to show off your shoulders and when worn with a pair of heels, is the perfect look!

You should always keep certain items in your wardrobe. Two pair of slacks, a single pair of jeans hemmed for sneakers, and one hemmed for heels. Don't forget a simple and elegant black dress for date night or other special occasions.

When you want your lips to appear full, use a lip pencil as a liner and then take a makeup sponge and blend in the edges. Use petroleum jelly or a lip gloss product over the liner to seal it in place. If you want a pouty look, use just a tad more gloss to accentuate the middle of your top lip. Eye shadow can help your lips become highlighted because they accentuate the shade of your lips. Put just a dab of eye shadow in the middle of both your upper and lower lips.

If you are in your 40's or older, know that you can still fashionable for your age. This does not mean that you should dress the way you did when you are 20, but you can make wise fashion choices. For middle-aged women, V-neck tops with cardigans or blazers with a pair of dress pants is a nice look.

One great piece of fashion advice is to make sure that you check yourself from all angles before walking out your door. This is important because you do not want to be embarrassed due to either a strange fit, a stain, or leaving a tag on. Have someone else to check for you as well, if possible.

Hairstyles

Keep your haircut low maintenance. Everyone runs into time crunches when preparing for meetings, outings or other events, and having an easy to fix hairstyle cuts the time needed to get ready. Many fashionable hairstyles are available that will allow you to bounce quick and still maintain a great look.

Hairstyle

Avoid letting fashion seem like an obstacle you cannot overcome. Let your creativity be your guide and use the tips learned here to improve on your own sense of style to help you throughout your life. If you get started now, you will come out on top in the end.

Change Your Life With These Fashion Tips!

You don't have to be stumped by fashion. You may think you are too busy to worry about how you look. But understanding being stylish is not that hard at all when you have a few tips in your arsenal. This article has some great fashion information.

Looking great does not have to cost a fortune. If you want to build your wardrobe but don't have the funds to get the look you're after, check out your local thrift and consignment stores. These stores offer a plethora of fashion options at a fraction of their retail price.

When choosing accessories, stick to one large, statement piece. Dangling earrings, a big necklace, and a chunky bracelet give the eyes nowhere to rest. If you want the focus to be on your necklace, wear studs in your ears. If you don eye-catching earrings, skip the necklace altogether to avoid looking too "busy."

If you have to wear stockings, make sure that you wear some that fit you very well and are not too large or too small. Wearing the wrong size can make you very uncomfortable and it does not look good for you if you have to adjust them in public areas.

A casual up-do is a great way to get your hair off your shoulders. Long hair can sometimes be a hassle. If you have no time to spend with your hair, get an elastic hairband and pull your hair up into a bun. Even if it is a little messy, it will look cute.

If you notice your nail polish is becoming too thick, do not despair. Try adding a few drops of acetone based polish remover into the bottle. Shake, and check the consistency. Continue to do this until it is useable again. You will extend the use of your polish, and save money in the process.

Wear clothes that flatter your body type. Just because something is in style does not mean that you should wear it. Every style was created with a certain body type in mind. For example, skinny jeans were not made to make people look skinny; they were made for people that already are thin.

If you have a lighter skin tone and you are looking to dye your hair a darker shade, consider dying it a dark shade of brown instead of opting for jet black. Choosing a brown tone is much more flattering since it will not make you look too washed out.

Do not be afraid to be unique. Although high school beats into our heads that everyone should be the same, the truth is that being unique is vital for success in any area. Lady Gaga is a prime example. Uniqueness is a good thing. You should never try to hide it.

Although denim has taken on many forms over the years, it is something that will never go out of style, regardless of its variations. A well-fitting pair of denim jeans looks good on anyone. This doesn't mean putting on a pair that is too tight. Your denim jeans should fit comfortably around your body.

When you dry your hair, you should just pat or blot it dry with a towel instead of rubbing your hair with a towel. Rubbing tangles and breaks your hair and can even lead to loss of hair. When you are blow-drying your hair, use a low setting and move the blow dryer constantly so that you don't fry one section of hair. Don't hold the blow dryer too close as this can cause harm to your hair and even burn you.

Avoid gaping button-down shirts with a bit of velcro or tape. For a permanent fix, sew small strips of hook-and-loop between the buttons across the bust of the shirt. If you aren't handy with a needle and thread, you can also use small pieces of double-sided tape. Be sure to remove it before washing the shirt, though.

If you wear leather, take care of it. When you buy a leather garment, ask the salesperson what kind of animal was used for it and what the tanning process was. Find out the specific care steps you need to take both right after purchase and over the lifetime of the garment.

One great fashion tip is to check not only the outside but the inside of a garment for how well it is put together. Quality stitching and materials that are used on the inside of a garment is probably a good sign that it was put together with care and that the designer knew what they were doing.

Fashion does not have to be a time intensive process. However, there are many tips and tricks you can use to save time. Use the above advice to learn more about it.

Become A Fashion Guru With These Valuable Tips

Understanding fashion can help you to look and feel your best. If you have a bad fashion sense and are unhappy with your look, this article will be of great benefit to you. Read on to learn a number of fashion Mehandi Designs tips that will help you to improve your style and look.

Black is a good basic color to wear with other colors, but do not concentrate on wearing black all the time. While wearing black on the bottom half of your body can be somewhat slimming, make sure you jazz your style up by adding something colorful on your upper body.

A belt can entirely change your look. You can find belts in many different designs and colors, so you can pick the belt that best suits you. If you wear skinny jeans, choose a bright belt to look elegant and fashionable.

Lip gloss is a girl's best friend! There is nothing worse than dry, chapped, uncomfortable-feeling lips. That's where a pretty gloss comes in! Whether you like the super-glossy look or something a little more subdued, lip gloss is a great way to keep your lips looking and feeling their best throughout the day.

Build your wardrobe around basic staples that you can mix and match easily. Some key pieces include a little black dress, a fitted jacket and matching skirt, a tailored pair of slacks in a neutral color and a pair of dark, fitted trouser jeans. These items can take your almost anywhere paired with the right top and/or accessories.

If you have frizzy hair, avoid rubbing it to dry with a towel. This will damage your hair and make it more likely to frizz. Instead, wrap your hair in a towel and apply gentle pressure, patting or squeezing the moisture from your hair. Afterwards, brush the hair gently.

Go shopping with friends and help each other pick out clothes. Your friends can be your best resource when it comes to choosing the right outfits to wear. You want the people closest to you to help you because they are the ones that are going to help you look your best.

A good fashion tip is to start experimenting with your style if you've become very bored with your wardrobe. You can do this by simply trying out a new type of clothing that you've never worn before such as a scarf or certain kind of dress. This will definitely freshen up your wardrobe.

Embrace your imperfections. Although society says that we should all look a certain way, the truth is that our imperfections really make us beautiful. For instance, think of Cindy Crawford and her mole. She just would not look the same without the mole, and it actually makes her a beautiful, unique woman. Everyone has some type of imperfection, even if you can't visibly see it.

Dress for your body type. Take the time to understand your shape, and how to use clothes to enhance your natural assets. Women who know how to work with their body, instead of hiding it, are the ones people notice when they walk into a room. Be proud of your shape, and work with it to boost your fashion esteem.

When purchasing jeans, go for timeless looks. For example, classic straight leg or boot cut jeans never go out of style. Opt for either of these styles in either a dark denim or slightly faded to remain in style throughout the years. By opting for these styles, you will always be in style no matter the current fashion.

When you drink enough water, your nails and skin will look better. Your nails and cuticles may be dry due to lack of hydration. You should definitely keep this in mind during the dry and cold winter season. Keep your nails moisturized with shea butter a couple of times a day. You might want to use gloves after you apply the butter to ensure that it does not rub off.

One great fashion tip is to be sure that you are fully prepared for shopping when you visit the dressing room. This is important because you want to have everything with you that you are going to wear when you go out so that you will know if it is a good fit for your body and your accessories.

As was mentioned earlier, having a keen sense of fashion will allow you to look your best. After reading the tips and advice contained in this article you should no longer be lost when it comes to fashion. Apply all that you have learned and improve your own look and style.

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