#kynikós

[bocadosdefilosofia]

«Tenía Antístenes objeciones de principio contra la guerra, pues ésta, “no elimina la pobreza, sino que la crea”. Y así llegó a la conclusión de que “el filósofo no debe hacer política según las leyes existentes, sino según la virtud”. Y como la virtud cínica consiste en la autarquía, esto es, en la autosuficiencia del sabio, es posible que Antístenes rechazara totalmente la actividad política para el filósofo, al menos en la forma existente.»

Wilhelm Nestle: Historia del espíritu griego. Editorial Ariel, pág. 215.  Barcelona, 1981

TGO

@bocadosdefilosofia

#nestle #wilhelm nestle #historia del espíritu griego #cinismo #antístenes #guerra #pobreza #actividad política #estado #virtud #filosofía #política #filósofo #autarquía #Ἀντισθένης #Antisthénēs #κυνικός #kynikós #cultura griega #socráticos #época antigua #filosofía griega #filosofía helenística #teo gómez otero

[the-paintrist]

Henry Keyworth Raine - Self portrait ( as Diogenes ) - 

Diogenes (Ancient Greek: Διογένης, romanized: Diogénēs [di.oɡénɛːs]), also known as Diogenes the Cynic (Διογένης ὁ Κυνικός, Diogénēs ho Kynikós) or Diogenes of Sinope, was a Greek philosopher and one of the founders of Cynicism. He was born in Sinope, an Ionian colony on the Black Sea coast of Anatolia in 412 or 404 BC and died at Corinth in 323 BC.

Henry Keyworth Raine (1872–1934) was a British portraitist.

Born in York, he was the son of the Reverend James Raine and Ann Jane Keyworth; and the great nephew of William Powell Frith,

In 1895, according to a newspaper report in the York Herald, Raine was commissioned to paint the portrait of Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll, the sixth child of Queen Victoria, at Kensington Palace. Raine, on his own account, began painting portraits by candlelight in 1897. In 1901, a portrait of Francis Foljambe by Raine, and a self-portrait, were hanging at Osberton Hall.

Raine was described in newspapers as "The cellar artist". Stories about his method of painting in the dark were printed. The techniques he employed in his underground studio off Hanover Square, Westminster were stated to be an effort to recreate the style and results of artists he admired, such as Titian, Rembrandt and Velazquez. Painting by candlelight, using only three colours on his palette and using special black canvas, Raine was able to complete a portrait in five hours, meaning the sitter would only need to visit his studio on one occasion. A newspaper report of 1904 stated that he never exhibited, and had painted portraits of Henry Edwyn King-Tenison, 9th Earl of Kingston and Charles Innes-Ker.

York Art Gallery contains examples of his work.

#Henry Keyworth Raine #uk #selfportrait #diogenes #history

[dutch-and-flemish-painters]

Anton Goubau - A market in an Italianate harbour with Diogenes - 1666

Diogenes (Ancient Greek: Διογένης, romanized: Diogénēs ), also known as Diogenes the Cynic (Διογένης ὁ Κυνικός, Diogénēs ho Kynikós), was a Greek philosopher and one of the founders of Cynic philosophy. He was born in Sinope, an Ionian colony on the Black Sea, in 412 or 404 BC and died at Corinth in 323 BC.

Diogenes was a controversial figure. His father minted coins for a living, and Diogenes was banished from Sinope when he took to debasement of currency. After being exiled, he moved to Athens and criticized many cultural conventions of the city. He modelled himself on the example of Heracles, and believed that virtue was better revealed in action than in theory. He used his simple lifestyle and behaviour to criticize the social values and institutions of what he saw as a corrupt, confused society. He had a reputation for sleeping and eating wherever he chose in a highly non-traditional fashion, and took to toughening himself against nature. He declared himself a cosmopolitan and a citizen of the world rather than claiming allegiance to just one place. There are many tales about his dogging Antisthenes' footsteps and becoming his "faithful hound".

Diogenes made a virtue of poverty. He begged for a living and often slept in a large ceramic jar in the marketplace. He became notorious for his philosophical stunts, such as carrying a lamp during the day, claiming to be looking for an honest man. He criticized Plato, disputed his interpretation of Socrates, and sabotaged his lectures, sometimes distracting listeners by bringing food and eating during the discussions. Diogenes was also noted for having mocked Alexander the Great, both in public and to his face when he visited Corinth in 336.

Diogenes was captured by pirates and sold into slavery, eventually settling in Corinth. There he passed his philosophy of Cynicism to Crates, who taught it to Zeno of Citium, who fashioned it into the school of Stoicism, one of the most enduring schools of Greek philosophy. None of Diogenes' writings has survived, but there are some details of his life from anecdotes (chreia), especially from Diogenes Laërtius' book Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers and some other sources.

Cynicism (Ancient Greek: κυνισμός) is a school of thought of ancient Greek philosophy as practiced by the Cynics (Ancient Greek: Κυνικοί, Latin: Cynici). For the Cynics, the purpose of life is to live in virtue, in agreement with nature. As reasoning creatures, people can gain happiness by rigorous training and by living in a way which is natural for themselves, rejecting all conventional desires for wealth, power, sex, and fame. Instead, they were to lead a simple life free from all possessions.

The first philosopher to outline these themes was Antisthenes, who had been a pupil of Socrates in the late 5th century BC. He was followed by Diogenes, who lived in a ceramic jar on the streets of Athens. Diogenes took Cynicism to its logical extremes, and came to be seen as the archetypal Cynic philosopher. He was followed by Crates of Thebes, who gave away a large fortune so he could live a life of Cynic poverty in Athens.

Cynicism gradually declined and finally disappeared in the 3rd century BC, although it experienced a revival with the rise of the Roman Empire in the 1st century. Cynics could be found begging and preaching throughout the cities of the empire, and similar ascetic and rhetorical ideas appeared in early Christianity. By the 19th century, emphasis on the negative aspects of Cynic philosophy led to the modern understanding of cynicism to mean a disposition of disbelief in the sincerity or goodness of human motives and actions.

Anton Goubau or Anton Goebouw (1616, Antwerp – 1698, Antwerp) was a Flemish Baroque painter. He spent time in Rome where he moved in the circle of the Bamboccianti, Dutch and Flemish genre painters who created small cabinet paintings of the everyday life of the lower classes in Rome and its countryside. He is known for his Italianate landscapes and genre paintings in the style of the Bamboccianti and his history paintings with mythological and religious themes.

#Anton Goubau #golden age #antwerpen #baroque #harbour #historical #diogenes

[big-takeshi]

No debemos concebir el cinismo como una simple secta de ascetas desinteresados de todo problema filosófico, como otros muchos grupos que han ido apareciendo a los largo de la historia y en culturas muy diferentes. Los cínicos (del griego kynikós, «perruno») no se limitaron sin más a comportarse como los perros, sin ninguna doctrina en que apoyarse. Casi con toda certeza los cínicos fueron llamados así porque Antístenes, su fundador, enseñaba en el gimnasio llamado Cinosarges, «Perro raudo» (Diógenes Laercio VI 13), de la misma manera que los estoicos fueron llamados así porque Zenón enseñaba en el pórtico (stoa) Pecile. Después, Diógenes sería el primero en llevar el sobrenombre de «el Perro». Está fuera de toda duda que los cínicos formaron una escuela filosófica: poseyeron una doctrina basada en unos principios claros y coherentes, dejaron muchos escritos y censuraron a sus colegas de otras escuelas; y su actividad se extiende a lo largo de más de ocho siglos. CíNICOS Y SOCRÁTICOS MENORES.

[pieterzandvliet]

Diogenes

Diogenes (/daɪˈɒdʒɪniːz/ dy-OJ-in-eez; Ancient Greek: Διογένης, romanized: Diogénēs [di.oɡénɛ͜ɛs]), also known as Diogenes the Cynic (Διογένης ὁ Κυνικός, Diogénēs ho Kynikós), was a Greek philosopher and one of the founders of Cynic philosophy. He was born in Sinope, an Ionian colony on the Black Sea coast of modern day Turkey,[1] in 412 or 404 BC and died at Corinth in 323 BC.[2] Diogenes was a…

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[bocadosdefilosofia]

«Crates, que procedía de una de las familias más distinguidas y ricas de Tebas, regaló su gran fortuna al erario público de su ciudad natal y se puso a recorrer mundo con su raída capa, su bastón y su mochila; también se sentía ciudadano del mundo. A su conversión a la filosofía llama “liberación”, porque ella le desprendió de las internas ataduras del placer y de las externas de la cultura y, especialmente, de la propiedad. Pero su propia persona no era la única preocupación de Crates, sino que se movía inspirado por una vocación para la cura de almas, “rondando por las casas en las que había cólera y guerra, sin abandonarlas hasta conseguir la paz en ellas. Su forma de pacificador se difundió, y así le recibían en todas partes con los brazos abiertos, como a un bondadoso espíritu doméstico, y le llamaban “el que abre las puertas”. Hiparquia, la hermana de su discípulo Metrócles, decidió casarse con aquel mendigo —que era además feo y deforme—, y compartío con él su pobreza.»

Wilhelm Nestle: Historia del espíritu griego. Editorial Ariel, págs. 220-221.  Barcelona, 1981

TGO

@bocadosdefilosofia

#nestle #wilhelm nestle #historia del espíritu griego #cinismo #crates #cosmopolitismo #pobreza #hiparquia #propiedad privada #virtud #filosofía #pobreza voluntaria #filósofo #autarquía #crates de tebas #κυνικός #kynikós #cultura griega #época antigua #filosofía griega #filosofía helenística #teo gómez otero #villa farnesio #metrocles

[big-takeshi]

Bajo la enseña del impúdico perro se yergue escandalizando a sus convecinos como un paradigma del auténtico hombre «natural». Busca, con su farol, un hombre de verdad; él se contenta con ser un hombre perruno, es decir, un kynikós. Sus secuaces aceptan el calificativo con orgullo: los cínicos procurarán imitar la anaídeia, la «desfachatez», y la adiaphoría, la «indiferencia», de Diógenes. Carlos García Gual.