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sweetheartsaku · 3 days

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—ot5 txt ; txt as a liitle more than friends

a/n : [fem!reader] AHH MY VERY FIRST REQ BY @bxckkdoor 😞💞💞 thank u sm u have no idea how grateful i am jskdeds <33 im so sorry this took so long... theres been some things happening irl rn </3

lupine !

yeonjun ; espresso - sabrina carpenter

ALWAYS HYPING YOU UP whether that be on your latest insta post, most recent snap, on call as your studying or even when you’re getting up to order something 😭💗

the best friend who hyung card activates when he sees you slightly uncomfortable from pricks on public transport or anyone, he finds a slight threat. on trams, one hand is on the handle, and one is wrapped around your torso (not waist cuz yall are ‘friends’ and doesn’t wanna make you uncomfortable!) BOUNDARIES PPL

JEWELLERY MAKING!! mentioned in another ot5 post, he loves making little bracelets or picking some cute ones up from stalls. gets cute and silly charms that remind him of you

prefers to take you out to night markets and restaurants, preferably cold dessert or ramen at home. loveloveloves both!!!

soobin ; must be love - laufey

loves to take pictures of sunsets, but ever since you guys became friends its always you taking a picture of the sunset too 🥹 2 of his favourite sights <3

has absolutely no hesitation in sending things over to your house. whether you’re sick and need food, falling behind and need books, hungry and want takeout, mention it once and the uber is at the door

CUTEST photo booth results. when you pass one, yall are bound to snap a couple pictures. you both have quite a collection of photo booth pics, and obviously some polaroids too!! always a couple on your wall and the back of your laptop and the back of his phone.

offers to carry you when your heels get too painful. thats it. thank you for coming to my ted talk.

beomgyu ; you get me so high - the neighborhood

mentions you in vids on tiktok that say iconic duos and it’s your initials with his, or sends you videos that are like 2 friends doing the candy bowls trend with MHA paper wigs on LOL

waits for you to tie your laces if he doesn’t get to them first. most of the time he’ll crouch in front of you and watch you tie them. sometimes you just need to wag your foot and he’s already there subconsciously but it's never in a slave way?? just a habit 😭 “can u tie my laces” “you’re so LAZY smh.” proceeds to tie them

weirdly knows when you’re not sleeping. he’ll text you on a day where you’ve never implied you were going to stay up, so when you get a text from beomgyu its like he knows you so well “GO TO SLEEP???” “EHY DO U HSVE CAMERAS ON ME”

writes your initials on everything!!!!!!! sometimes yeah he'll sneaky a heart over your paired letters, and loves to doodle over your arm or something <3 quite the artîst i say

taehyun ; don't wanna fall in love - KYLE

as much as i don't like saying grabby hands he does it sometimes. when you cross the road, his hands expect to be around yours when you cross. very endearing 10/10 would steal my heart in an instant

very playful sometimes 🥹 (THE VOICESS I CAN'T HOLD IT IN ANYMORE TAEHYUN I LOVE YOUU) bumps his waist onto yours, lightly hits you with whatever's light, just likes to be fun and cozy with you. is very comforting and easy to open up with!!

he gives super nice massages. i dunno. like out of the blue, you or him will be talking to someone and his hands are on your shoulders. he's very gentle with it, and the tension in your body slips away so quickly.

lots of mirror selfies (kinda wants u to compliment him hehe)!! whether it's a new fit, in the changing room, at the gym! he's so pretty i cannot do this anymore.

kai ; forever out of time - tokyo tea room

the most FUN (friend?) dates EVERRRR!!! whether it be visiting the animal shelter, going on picnics, ice-skating, but last but not least (and also his favourite) is simply staying at his or your house and play cozy games on the switch :)) don't forget the noodles, blankets and movies!

his hands brush over yours way more than a normal friend should. maybe it's from being so used to clinging onto his arm or something, it's like magnetised. his arm is like... ALUUUUUURRING.

SO MANY 0.5S AND TIKTOKS. always filming something cute and trendy, a dance, sentimental trend. like yeonjun is always hyping you up in posts or stories, commenting liking favouriting EVERYTHING!!!

wrote the date you guys met on his controller. very small, on the right corner of his switch, in white paint pen with a smiley face next to it (he's so sweet i will cry on you)

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morebeefmorepork · 3 months

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all i'm saying is every time I see a blog that's called something like american_redneck69 or roughhunter or bluecollerbeef lately i click through and it's like

a few photos of actual country boys, a few more photos of bodybuilders and strength athletes in brand new shmedium realtree apparel, hi-vis gear fetishists, a whole bunch of soldiers and just this general vibe that the person running this blog does not actually live out in the sticks or know anyone who does. MAYBE once in a while you'll find a real fat boy in there or just a fucking beer belly as a treat. god forbid you see a single black man mixed in though

#i don't wanna say it in the text of this post #but it's giving fash #i see you motherfuckers reblogging my shit #anyway I swear I'm gonna fill up my queue again I just don't feel like it right now

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chalkanthit · 5 months

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Just some further character pages I did for ocs (Soul eater Fancharas) that belong to my friend @lilliesofinspirationvalley ;;;;

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seventh-district · 11 days

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not even gonna tag this properly bc i don't wanna get Involved but i do have some Thoughts i need to get out into the void so here we go

(aaa quick edit: CW for mention/discussion of Boothill leaks)

#today's gone Badly and i'm upset but instead of venting abt it i'm gonna channel that energy into doing a bit of tag rambling abt Boothill #well. less abt Him and more abt uh. self-analyzing my anxiety surrounding contributing to fandoms. he's just today's catalyst #like. i know it's mostly a me thing. i'm hypersensitive to criticism and very conflict avoidant + socially anxious + perfectionistic etc.#so I'm the one that keeps myself from posting more stuff out of fear of being criticized or called-out for what i've made #bc inevitably Someone's gonna see it and think its OOC or a problematic take or they'll misread my intent. etc etc what have you #but like. that's inevitable. there's no way to communicate every single thing with all of the nuance required to avoid misunderstandings #and other times it's not a misunderstanding it's just a difference of opinions and that's Fine!! there's no accounting for personal taste #there's no accounting for several things actually. taste‚ bias‚ lore-knowledge‚ differing levels of chronic-online-ness‚ etc #so this isn't me complaining abt the state of fandom culture (although i do think. sometimes. ppl take shit a bit too seriously)#but anyways all of this is mostly just anxiety-fueled. it's not like i very often actually even receive negative feedback or anything #if anything ppl tend to tell me that i'm overthinking it and killing my own fun and worried that my stuff is more OOC than it is #which like. yeah. Yeah u right :) but that's just the way that i am! always losing the idgaf war i suppose #anyways what's Boothill got to do w this ur wondering. well. i've been thinking abt the quickly emerging concept that he's illiterate.#and it just. has me feeling a lot of ways. and watching ppl disagree over it has me feeling some Bad ways. bc it's def a loaded topic!#if you'll pardon the pun there. and i don't rlly have anything new to add other than that i'm conflicted abt it.#like yeah i saw the leaks days ago. of him mentioning 'not hitting the books' much as a child when we ask him why he sends voice messages #or voice Transcriptions ig. ykwim. and like. *braces for impact* ...i liked it? like. it doesn't feel right to call it endearing #i'm not trying to infantilize him. ok that's not the right word either but ugh. you know? what i mean?? who am i kidding even i don't know #it's not quite right to say that it feels like Representation either. but it's something close i guess #as a southern person myself who didn't receive a 'complete' education due to factors that weren't to do with my intelligence #the concept of seeing him as a capable force to be reckoned with and respected who also happens to have not received much formal education #i like that. i do. but there's so many issues w it at the same time. like. as i said‚ being southern myself has me Wary of the way Hoyo is-#writing him. as well as of the way that the fandom is taking the bits of his lore and running away w them. and i'm Very aware of how ppl-#will see a southern character and be All Too Eager to agree that they're lacking intelligence based on our Redneck™ stereotype #sigh. and before we even go too far with this. it's not even confirmed that hes completely illiterate. which is a valid criticism i've seen #there's Multiple reasons that could make him prefer voice to text. but regardless. i'm just worried that ppl will misconstrue my intentions #like. example: that edit i made the other day of him saying 'no thanks i can't read'. wasn't me playing into the stereotype of-#'haha dumb country boy can't read!' it was. in my eyes. something he'd say as a joke to make light of a potential insecurity #like. i think there's far more depth to Boothill's character if ppl could look past the surface. and i dont wanna contribute to the problem #but sometimes ppl Will have stereotypical traits and i wish the same could apply to characters as long as it's done Thoughtfully.

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my-lover · 6 months

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i truly think house x wilson x cuddy is throuple of all time

#i have intelligent thoughts to add later #but this train wifi is ass and i don't wanna risk losing my post #bc it WILL be a wall of text #gah #gregory house #lisa cuddy #james wilson #hudson #house md #evan says things

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stonyponyofficial · 1 year

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i love seeing how much paratext i can fit into the tags. read my footnotes boy

#violet originals #postposting #like that's its own statement right #and then i come down here and tell u everything i was thinking about it #like i just made a post where i put some non organization tags on it for fun as a fun reference #but also it helps clarify the original statement in a less committal jokey way i can have a little fun with #so i start thinking about all that and i get the hilarious original idea for this post and i think abt those tags #but it's only available to those first people who see my original post as it was made #not reblogged #someone can screenshot those tags but they aren't necessary to understand #but they don't add to the post itself just elaboration that isn't really needed #and they aren't all visible at first bc u have to hit the button to see the rest #so my extra little thoughts are there for anyone to see but ull probably wanna see them more if u know me a little through online #but mostly i thought it'd be funny to make this kind of post and then just let the tags run wild bc that's what the post is about see?#do u like all this extra clarification or would u rather i have just posted the post #or nothing at all #or put these tags in the post #bc that could make sense but the original text of the post is to be shared around and 'related to' by other Tumblr users who do the same #so it can't be too long but i need to say all my thoughts about the subject or ill explode and make another post or reblog a comment #so it's all down here instead where it's optional and i can just kinda say what im feeling without feeling like i have to funny it up #i should probably read house of leaves #idk is that related i only have a tiny idea of what that book is but it seems related somewhat #umm #hi :3 #kisses u with tongue #adds tags to this later bc im silly :3 #hi char hi io #the two people who will probably read this far now lmao

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knackfandomarchive · 6 months

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EEEEE I don't use Twitter because I can't navigate but I took another look and found someone!

They're doing what I'm trying to do here, but much nicer looking AND have a bunch of behind-the-scenes stuff like concept arts! Ryder WAS going to have a gun!

#posting from the hip because I'm excited I don't know if it's bad to mention their username without asking.#I asked how they got their stuff and they have been archiving things for years and years #lots of research and effort they said #which i am not good at to say the least #I only feel slightly threatened (lying)#ryder knack #text post #discoknack (me)#if they wanna do tumblr too i am fully willing to bow to the king

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britneyshakespeare · 6 months

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Mary Queen of Scots got her head chopped off and me I also feel not so good

#text post #mary queen of scots #history #liz lochhead #i want to read that play but i dont wanna pay 21 american doll hairs to order a less-than-100-page play #or at least not right now im kinda tight on income #being chronically ill and having to pay for care while being less able to work steadily 😜#i will read it someday #i already read mary stuart by friedrich schiller a few days ago. pretty sure if i read too many plays about mary queen of scots #she'll haunt me or something #idk mary. i feel like we have a lot in common #like mr. dick in david copperfield says all the sorrows of king charles were poured into him #when his head was chopped off in 1649 #that'll be me and mary if i don't give her some space.

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desceros · 5 months

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awwww no lads i've done it again (<- has become melancholic from one of my favorite pieces and thus irrevocably tainted it with the flavor of sad)

#if i had a nickel--#text tag #also symphony update tomorrow. i'd say maybe tonight but it'd be late and i don't wanna post it too late #since you people apparently keep RUINING your sleep schedules by reading my shit late at night

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redclerc · 11 months

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i'm not saying charles shouldn't shoulder some of the blame for apparently insisting on a set-up that kills this car in half wet half dry conditions, but it's fucking killing me how once again The Discourse ignores how this car was built for someone with the direct opposite driving style he has lmao like fucking IMAGINE if red bull built their car against max's style

#ferrari fucking get serious challenge #also i don't wanna hear how it's a cOnSpIrAcY that the sf-23 was built towards their second driver #when the team principal responsible for this car is literally on the record saying he changed the f1-75 to suit carlos #get fucking real please #charles leclerc #ferrari #f1 #text post

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anthonycrowley · 10 months

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whats tacc? i assume its an acronym for like the gomens tjlc equivalent but what does it actualy stand for lol

no literally it's just a post/google doc that went around like last week we started calling it tacc (the azcrow conspiracy) like directly comparing it. the doc is here sorry i don't feel like looking for the post

(also please be chill on the actual thing if you see it the person who wrote it is blocking people who are being mean on it which i actually think is very healthy good for them set fucking boundaries but even aside from that there's no reason to be mean on the post itself you can be critical of it outside of their direct view unless the author asks for it yanno)

#inquiries #Anonymous #i'm not hiding that i'm being a hater and if they wanna block me they can. but i don't actually want them having to see hate #i just think that their theory is like incredibly mind bogglingly stupid and wanna say that as much as i can #text #my post #mobi #gomens #gomens tv

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dawntheduckrb · 5 months

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I'll stop posting wips eventually but it's been five days since I've said anything and I don't want anyone to think I'm dead/dying/stuck in a ditch and withering away, so here's 10% of the reason I disappeared (the duck is stuck in rendering hell) (and my little baby laptop is screaming at me every time I open up this file)

I might still be mostly lurking for a little bit so please be patient with me in the meantime 🙏🙏

#seriously though I'm sorry for just up and disappearing like that #wanna talk to people and interact with them so bad lately but I just can't bring myself to do it #so the best i can manage is blabbing in the tags like always #i don't know wtf is going on but over the past few days I've just felt like i don't deserve to talk to anyone #tried to reblog posts from mutuals several times but something in my head keeps saying;#'yeah they don't actually care for your input at all and you're being a bother for even trying etc etc'#and i know deep down that's probably not true (i hope) but i can't reason it away you know #and i know the best solution to this is to just talk to someone #let it be known that i *did* make an attempt to #i tried texting someone (and succeeded) but i couldn't keep doing it and I'm back at square one (and now feel worse lmao)#i'm not really putting this here for anybody to see it as much as i am for myself #but i know that (hypothetically) this could be seen by a real human so it still kinda feels like I'm reaching out in a way which feels nice #makes me feel less like I'm shriveling up in my own self imposed solitude #so uh hello person who might be reading the tags (there's six of you guys here now which is crazy cause i post nothing but junk here lol)#((but thanks anyway for following and even more thanks for reading this if you did))#i'll make my way around all the posts i missed soon enough don't worry #i'm sorry i'm really not meaning to ignore anybody #i have drafted quite a few posts from moots that i couldn't finish leaving comments on but i have seen them #everyone here is super cool and talented as always <3 whether that be through art or writing or just finding neat posts to share #this wall of text is long enough and i'm very eeby so thank you again for reading this #tldr; not dead and i'll be okay eventually :)#not rb #hey look i didn't post a picture of my dog this time (a crime)#i'll make sure to share one the next time i get a good one

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dorianbrightmusic · 5 months

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Saw the tag so wanted to send an ask! Do you want to talk/infodump about the history of antipsychotics and how that relates to ASD because that sounds fascinating.

oh my god i got asked to infodump about my most special of interests. thank you so much, most-definitively-a-human, you have made my day.

Disclaimer: I am not a psychiatrist or mental health professional, and I have no experience of either psychosis or taking psychiatric medication, so I can't promise that the facts are 100% perfect, nor that I have an understanding of what these facts mean in day-to-day life. But the least I can do is try to understand, and hope that someone else finds this interesting, or, better yet, useful.

I cannot be bothered tracking down all my sources again, so if anything in this post is interesting to you, please fact-check it, because I can't promise it's going to be right. This is medical information, so, as this is a rambling tumblr post, please take it with a grain of salt.

Skip to the end for the discussion of how autism, schizophrenia, and the antipsychotics are linked. Most of this is just me infodumping about antipsychotics, since I find them so fascinating for some reason.

Trigger warning: This post discusses medical abuse of people with severe mental illness and neurodevelopmental disorders, as well as the side-effects of psychiatric medication. There is also some discussion of self-harm in autism. As such, tread carefully.

A short(-ish) history of antipsychotics

In 1953, a new medication hit the market. Its name was chlorpromazine, and it belonged to a family of chemicals called the phenothiazines. The phenothiazines contained a lot of very, very revolutionary/historically significant meds – some highlights include methylene blue, an antimalarial that happened to be the first ever fully synthetic medication (which, due to its original purpose being 'fabric dye', had the convenient side effect of making your urine go blue); and phenbenzamine, which was not the first antihistamine ever (that honour goes to piperoxan, which is too toxic to use in humans), but was the first that was safe for use in humans. Phenbenzamine was very, very sedating, and from it, we got another compound, fenethazine. From fenethazine, we then got two derivatives: promethazine, and chlorpromazine.

Promethazine is an antihistamine, and like most old antihistamines, it's very sedating. As such, scientists tested whether promethazine worked for sedating people—and, indeed, it worked as a pretty good sedative. Its younger cousin, chlorpromazine, synthesised in 1950, also was very, very sedating. So, someone gave it to a psychiatric patient who was having a manic episode, and then, something cool happened. That is, the manic patient wasn't manic anymore.

Okay—so, chlorpromazine was sedating in a way that meant it could have some potential for previously difficult-to-treat psychiatric syndromes. (From memory, I'm fairly sure that lithium was around at the time, but frustratingly, not all mania responds to lithium. I don't know whether this patient had been trialled on lithium—all I know is that chlorpromazine worked for him.) So, it was trialled on quite a few psychiatric patients with schizophrenia, and they, too, seemed better.

Now, chlorpromazine, being related to promethazine, had a similar side-effect profile to most old antihistamines. That is, it made you eepy beyond belieepy (i'm sorry). This sedation was also accompanied, rather horrifyingly, by apathy, psychomotor retardation (thinking and moving much slower—I once saw someone online liken it to moving 'through molasses'), and emotional quieting. This triad—not moving, not wanting, and not expressing—was known as neurolepsis, and was originally thought to indicate that the drugs were working well. However, this wasn't necessarily true—in part, that's because schizophrenia spectrum disorders have negative, as well as positive, symptoms, and neurolepsis is basically a combination of actively worsened negative symptoms and physical/mental slowing. So, chlorpromazine made the psychosis better, but also induced neurolepsis, as well as several other side-effects (including but not limited to: reversible Parkinson's-like motor symptoms; orthostatic hypotension, which is when your blood pressure plummets when you stand; and anticholinergic effects, which I'm going to get back to later). Chlorpromazine was wonderful because it meant that finally, patients could deal with psychosis in a way that meant they didn't have to be institutionalised, and because it meant that much, much worse treatments (looking at you, insulin shock therapy) could finally be discarded. Chlorpromazine was awful, because, in addition to its awful side-effects, it wasn't always given consensually, and could be used to abuse and harm patients. Such is still an ongoing problem with antipsychotics—while they have revolutionised psychiatry and allowed many people to live much, much better lives, they've also indubitably been used to harm so many people. This is why it's crucial to have informed consent in psychiatry—and while I don't know how to handle this when a person is going through florid psychosis and is probably very, very scared, we ought to do much better than we are at the moment.

Due to the neurolepsis-inducing side-effect profile, chlorpromazine was deemed a neuroleptic. Most people will use the terms 'neuroleptic' (neurolepsis-inducer) and 'antipsychotic' interchangeably—however, the categories are a venn diagram, not a circle. There are some antipsychotics with only very mild neuroleptic effects (we'll get back to this), and some neuroleptics that aren't antipsychotic—for example, if you've ever the taken over-the-counter antinauseal/migraine relief drug called metoclopramide (Anagraine, Paramax, MigraMax, Metozolv, Reglan, etc), you've taken a neuroleptic. Neuroleptics are dopamine antagonists—that is, they bind to the receptor for dopamine in the brain, which means dopamine can't bind to that receptor, so you can't get the effects of dopamine at that bit. This basically explains neurolepsis as a syndrome, since dopamine is associated with reward pathways and movement; less dopamine in the reward pathways -> emotion blunting, lost motivation; less dopamine in the movement pathway -> i can't fricken' move, can't fricken' move emotionally, Parkinson's-like symptoms (Parkinson's is in part due to a dopamine deficiency in certain movement-related bits of the brain).

The antipsychotics allowed for de-institutionalisation to occur, and also gave rise to the tricyclic antidepressants, as imipramine (the first tricyclic antidepressant) is a chlorpromazine derivative. Fun! Problem was, these older psychiatric drugs tended to have fairly intolerable side-effects. So, the first-generation antipsychotics were by and large very neuroleptic—as such, we needed less neuroleptic antipsychotics for them to be tolerable. This started to happen around the 1990s and onwards, when the second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs)—olanzapine, risperidone, amisulpride, aripiprazole, quetiapine, etc.—started coming out. These SGAs bound to serotonin as well as dopamine receptors, and tended to have fewer motor side-effects than their older counterparts. They came with their own set of extra side-effects, however—some that come to mind are prolactin elevation (sexual side-effects), and appetite increases or decreases (this is not necessarily a bad thing)—but they're generally considered more tolerable, and while they're sedating, they're considered not to induce neurolepsis to the same degree. As such, they're called atypical (where typical means 'cue the neurolepsis and motor symptoms).

The problem with the typical/atypical split, however, is that most atypicals aren't quite as atypical as they're said to be. Every single atypical antipsychotic except for quetiapine and clozapine can still be linked to motor symptoms, and all of 'em can be linked to sedation of some degree. Moreover, one nasty motor side-effect of neuroleptics AND antipsychotics is this thing called tardive dyskinesia—tardive meaning late-onset, dyskinesia meaning unwanted/uncontrolled movements. So, over time, we go from Parkinson's-like symptoms (less movement) to tardive dyskinesia (more, unwanted movements), which is irreversible and sometimes progressive—the only way to deal with it is to switch to another antipsychotic and hope that it doesn't have the same effect, which is great, except if you've otherwise got a nice balance of symptom management and side-effects, that's a horrible curveball. The atypicals are said to cause tardive dyskinesia at much lower rates... except people still get TD on the atypicals. Moreover, most folks who are still taking typical antipsychotics have probably been on them longer than those on the atypicals, since people don't tend to try chlorpromazine first when quetiapine or olanzapine is more likely to do a better job of attenuating psychosis while inducing fewer adverse effects. As such, part of the difference in TD rates may be due to time, since TD develops in the long term. So, most atypicals aren't as atypical as is said.

Moreover, to split more hairs, just as antipsychotics and neuroleptics are a Venn diagram, SGAs and atypicals are also a Venn diagram, rather than a perfect overlap, due to the existence of one pesky compound called clozapine. Clozapine is pesky on several levels. Clozapine is reserved for those who've tried at least two other antipsychotics and found that they didn't fit, and this is because of its side-effects. Clozapine has a small chance of a potentially life-threatening side-effect called agranulocytosis—technically, almost all antipsychotics can cause agranulocytosis, but clozapine is the most likely to do it. If you get regular blood testing, which you will, if you take clozapine, you'll probably be fine. Otherwise, clozapine is the most atypical antipsychotic we have side-effects wise (of course, YMMV for individuals, since the human body doesn't behave according to textbooks), though it still has MANY side-effects, and it's also more likely than the others to be very effective for attenuating psychosis. (I say 'likely' because everyone's brain chemistry is different, so saying 'this drug is better than this drug' just isn't true, because different compounds work differently for different people. Some people will benefit nicely from haloperidol or perphenazine, others from ariprazole, and others will benefit most from taking mood stabilisers, instead of antipsychotics.) Clozapine is also a somewhat old antipsychotic, having been first put onto the market in 1972. But it tends to get lumped in with the SGAs simply because it's so atypical, which leads me back to the point: most atypicals aren't 100% atypical, and drug categorisation in psychiatry is confusing.

One other side-effect that antipsychotics tend to have is that they're usually very anticholinergic. Anticholinergic drugs reduce levels of a neurotransmitter called acetylcholine, which is very important for memory, movement, and so, so much more. However, the reason I mention memory is that most antipsychotics are contraindicated (recommended against) in those with dementia-related psychosis, primarily since depleting memory chemicals is the last thing you wanna do in someone with a major neurocognitive disorder. This is also why we need to be careful prescribing anticholinergics in those over 65. For the record: most severe mental illnesses tend to have some degree of neurodegenerative effect, which is why medication is so, so important, as it prevents that illness-related neurodegeneration: as such, taking an antipsychotic will prevent schizophrenia/bipolar/major depression-related cognitive decline and worsened illness, but may also have some subtle cognitive effects that probably balance out with those of the illness. It's something to monitor over time, but not something to be scared of.

I've harped on a lot about SIDE EFFECTS SIDE EFFECTS SIDE EFFECTS, so this is a reminder—if the name of a certain medication has been brought up here as associated with a side-effect, that doesn't mean the medication is necessarily bad. Antipsychotics have done a lot of good for many people, and so long as they are prescribed consensually, they will continue to be invaluable.

Also: not everyone who takes an antipsychotic has psychosis, and not every with psychosis takes antipsychotics. Medications don't necessarily indicate what illness someone has—they just help with symptoms, and antipsychotics can help with a heckuva lotta symptoms when used well.

Okay, great. How does this relate to autism, aside from that being proof that you, the author, meet criterion B3 for ASD?

We're almost there.

Several early theories of autism conceptualised it as a pervasive, childhood-onset form of schizophrenia ('childhood schizophrenia' and 'autism' have historically been used synonymously at times). Notably, several of the negative symptoms of schizophrenia spectrum disorders can be considered similar to the executive and social symptoms of autism—autism has its own positive set of symptoms, and schizophrenia its own positive symptoms, but there's an overlap between negative symptoms of the two. Autism was originally the name Eugene Bleuler gave to the way schizophrenic patients tended to withdraw into a fantasy world of their own—that is, withdrawing into an inaccessible inner world, rather than reality. While schizophrenic autism isn't nearly as relevant a clinical concept anymore, it's kinda funny how the two diagnoses diverged from that point.

It's also worth noting that schizophrenia spectrum disorders are probably neurodevelopmental, and both schizophrenia-spec disorders and autism feature enlarged ventricles in the brain. But correlation is not causation—this commonality may not mean anything. In schizospec disorders, ventricle enlargement tends to link to greater untreated duration of illness (as a visible sign of neurodegeneration), while in autism, I think it's just there. Not sure on that one, though. Not all people with ASD or schizospec disorders necessarily have enlarged ventricles, either—it's just a thing that seems worth noting.

Further, the predominant theory of how schizophrenia spectrum disorders work is that there is dopamine dysregulation—that is, some bits of the brain are getting too much, causing positive symptoms, and others are not getting enough, causing negative symptoms. Either that, or dopamine metabolism isn't working properly. We largely figured out that dopamine is probably involved in schizospec disorders by working backwards from the mechanism of action of the antipsychotics: that is, neuroleptics suppress dopamine, and dopamine suppression makes psychosis less bad—therefore, dopamine is involved in psychosis. But it's likely more complex than that, in part because not all people with schizospec disorders will respond to antidopaminergic drugs, and in part because SGAs are generally more likely to be effective than first-gen antipsychotics, and SGAs target more than just dopamine. One other theory posits that NMDA, which is a subtype of the neurotransmitter called glutamate, may also be involved. I'm not going to try to explain it here, since I don't know enough about the NMDA theory to be able to coherently string together a sentence about it. But, keep reading.

We don't entirely understand the mechanism behind autism. It probably involves synaptic pruning to some extent. It may also involve having an overactive brain, in part due to lack of pruning meaning that there is no brain highway so much as a network of ratruns that get clogged up very easily, and in part because GABA, the main inhibitory neurotransmitter we have, isn't doing something right. I think it's interesting that NMDA, a form of glutamate, might have links to psychosis, and that autism also probably involves something weird with glutamate, but I also don't know enough to say whether this is just a weird coincidence or if it's actually relevant. Nevertheless, even if it is a coincidence, I do find it funny to note these commonalities considering the historical links between the diagnoses.

It's also notable that autistic people experience psychosis at higher rates than allistic folks—I'm pretty sure schizospec disorder rates are also elevated among autistic folks—and I'm semi-sure autism is also more common in those with schizospec disorders than in those without.

Okay, now to where the meds come in.

Autism can cause varying levels of disability, ranging from those who need relatively little support to those who need full-time care. Often, higher support needs (HSN) autistics tend to have more dramatic self-injurious behaviours, and may struggle more with controlling aggression, with eloping, and other behaviours that are harmful to both themselves and others.

And I'm less-than-comfortable with how modern psychiatry has chosen to deal with this.

The only drug that's approved for treating these behaviours in ASD is risperidone, a second-gen antipsychotic. Some people will find that risperidone works really well for their psychosis—it's an effective drug! —but when it's used in ASD, it's not there to treat psychosis, usually, but to treat aggression, self-injury, and such.

Thing is, the use of risperidone for this purpose is basically an attempt to sedate the autistic child into not doing these things. I'm a low support needs (LSN) autistic who's never taken psychiatric medication, so it's not really my place to judge this as a tactic. I understand that things that some of us initially flinch at, such as putting HSN autistic children on leashes, is the right thing to do if the child is likely to elope, and I understand that if a child is going to hurt themself badly, they need help. But on the other hand, I have reservations since antipsychotics have been used unethically through history, and continue to be used unethically in certain situations. In some cases, antipsychotics may be helpful for autistic children, and I don't know enough to comment, but it's also profoundly uncomfortable to contemplate the fact that certain medications that are infamous for having horrible side-effects are being used on people who may not be able to provide informed consent. It's an ethical conundrum, since if it is the best way to prevent harm, then it's important that we don't flinch on instinct, but I also really, really hope that the HSN autistic people's needs and comfort are being taken into consideration in these circumstances, since both historically and today, HSN autistic people have been treated as subhuman in so, so many circumstances.

#infodump concluded. yikes.#hope the medical bit was as fascinating to some of y'all as it is to me #and that the information is as accurate as possible #i think i've kinda fixated on the worst bits about antipsychotics here. so i just wanna say:#if you've read this and you're on/considering taking an antipsychotic but this post has scared you #please don't worry. this is a raw text post. i promise you you're gonna be okay.

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theloveinc · 2 years

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Bro but fr tho. You and short king bakugou could be sound asleep in bed and you’ve always babyed your son more than everyone cause out of your 7-8 kids he’s your only son so when he comes sneaking in there early in the mornings to come bother y’all you aren’t phased by it but bakugou is already glaring at him. Your son is always up to no good cause he’s literally a spit image of bakugou- literally you tell people he didn’t come out of you he just fell out of bakugous ass cause he acts just like him.

“Son don’t start no shit now, it’s 8 in the morning” bakugou would growl at him and glare knowing what that smile mean on his sons face and you whip around to face bakugou like-

“Bakugou katsuki DONT talk to my baby like that he ain’t done nothing wrong. What you need baby. You hungry? I can make you some breakfast” AND UOUR BAD ASS SON WILL PULL THAY LITTLE PUPPY DOG EYES AND BE LIKE “uh huh” acting like he ain’t almost about to go off to college and can’t do nothing without his mama JUST TO MAKE HIS DADDY ANGRY. Your son has always stole your attention away from bakugou, it’s like a little fight between them two cause they are both so damn clingy.

And on that last post about them having a few kids that aren’t their own IS EXACTLY WHAY I WAS THINKING. They already have a house full it ain’t gonna hurt to have a few more. They’ve definitely fostered a few of their friends kids or just taken care of them. They usually have 3-4 extra kids in their house which is insane because I’m the beginning of y’all’s relationship you two didn’t want kids. Like a t a l l. Bakugou was too busy with hero work and was a bit nervous he would treat his kids the way his parents treated him and he still didn’t have as much control on his anger as he does now BUT LOOK AT YALL NOW.

going out in public is crazy fr. Bakugou has to still be in a huge stuffy uncomfortable clothes so he can hide from paparazzi and his kids think it’s so funny. He also has to keep his triplets on those kids leashes cause if not they will literally fuck shit up. One has a biting problem, another like to grab and put everything in her fucking month, and another trust strangers too much and will go home with anyone because she’s too damn friendly.

The eldest which are the twins have to push a extra cart cause they have to buy so much food and they are always sneaking shit in their cart without their dad knowing cause they know he CAN NOT say not to the AT ALL. They’re his little babies no matter what anyone says. They’re his first borns, his little princesses ❤️. He’s never been good at saying no to any of them and truly meaning no but with them- it’s a wrap. They will be sneaking all types of shit- SHIT THEY DONT EVEN EAT. Like??? Y’all’s son is literally side by side with your husband both pushing the cart which looks so awkward because your son is so fucking tall and more chunky than his dad while bakugou is short and a little more lean and has a bit of a chub now to him from just getting older. Literally shoulder to shoulder ass to ass and it’s just normal. Bakugou and him keep bickering about one of them stepping on the others shoe or bumping into each other. Y’all middle girl is LITERALY the only sane one. She is the only kid that takes after you. She’s level headed, keeps up with everything, is extremely smart (both sassy and educational wise) and keeps everything in check when you’re not around. She’s very quiet compared to her dad and sibling. Even when she as a little baby she was just real quiet which theres nothing wrong with that but of course YALL kids will try to push her buttons but quickly realize how much she is like their mama.

Getting into the car is literally a fight cause everyone wants to sit by the windows and the eldest want to sit up front and your twins want to drive cause they got their drivers licenses (they’re horrible drivers by the way. Y’all’s daughter are a bit ditzy and can never pay attention to the road and are always trying to get on their phones while driving) and the son wants to drive cause he is about to get his licenses, the triplets don’t want to be in the car seat, and the middle child doesn’t want to get stuck in between her brother again because he’s so “fat” he takes up too much space in the back. It’s a whole thing that makes bakugou wish he kept his word and stopped raw dogging it when he was young cAUSE WHY ARE HIS KIDS LOTERALLY JUST LIKE HIM?? WHY COUKDNT THEY TAKE AFTE THEIR MAMA? she’s so beautiful and smart and patient and all the kids just act so loud and sassy like him. He should have listened to everyone when they said he needs to start wearing condoms nd just because y’all are married DOESNT mean you two have to nor need to stop wearing protection. DAMN- he thought it was funny y’all kept popping out kIDS BUT ITS NOT FUNNY ANYMORE-

this is KILLLLLLING ME, LMFOAOOOOO, the detail here is just 😭😭😭 and the last line too. WHY DID HE EVER THINK IT WAS FUNNY ASDFKJAHDFK but here you all are, ig!!!

it's so backward in your household, too, i know, cuz all your kids are gremlins basically but specifically only to YOU GUYS. when it comes to anything like school, sports, hero stuff, etc. they're at the top of their class, just like bakugo was. it's like... the only thing he doesn't have to worry about, cuz despite the bad behavior, at least he knows they're successful when and where it matters. even the ditzy two (noooo), they're smart so they just don't have to try.

(you guys at the parent teacher conference, nervous that you're gonna be told all about the ruckus your kids make... only to be told they're great, nice students and always on task. middle girl esp<333

you and bakugo looking at each other surprised: 🤔🤨)

it's really just a shame you had a set of twins because they def fight over about who's better in school + who has the better marks. it's gonna be even more intense when the triplets get older and start fighting about it too, cuz three bakugos in one class is even more of a crowd, but that's a whole nother story. aside from all the playground fighting they do w/ their rude classmates

anyway LOL @ your son trying to get all your attention in the morning. either by wanting breakfast (which no, he doesn't want dad's cooking, dad always cooks) or by getting into bed with you so he can cuddle with you guys, right in the middle😭

truly, it's nice for about 5 minutes, after bakugo and son's fighting stops and they agree to get along to make you happy... but it gets wild again really quickly when another kid finds out you're in there and wants to get in, too.... then before you know it all your kids are trying to squeeze in you also.

no, bakugo didn't buy an extra large mattress to make room for everyone😳... but by darn he's glad to have it in these situations sajldfhajksd.

and YEAHHHH shopping is such a hassel. he really tries to do it by himself, but... again, if one kid is going, they're ALL going. he can't even keep up with what's put in the cart, and that's saying A LOT cuz otherwise he's so on top of things. he asks one daughter what she wants for dinner one night, and by the time that's figured out, two whole other meals are assembled in the cart.

And there's your son is trying to act all big about it, too, coming up to dad saying that his sister isn't even gonna eat the rainbow pastry she picked out... and bakugo is just 🤦🏼‍♂️ cuz one second this boy is acting too grown to talk to him and arguing abt the toe steps, then the next he wants to be like him and snitch (even tho he probs wants the pastry too).

the day bakugo finally buys a 2 seater car just for him and you, he's honestly glad he's finally got an excuse to go places by himself (even if someone does end up sneaking into the trunk at some point and interrupts a date).

sorry i couldn't get to all the little details anon, but i'm loving this family u developed sm!!! hopefully my other short king deaf dad (so many LOL)!anon likes the additions too!

thank u so much for sending hehehe❤️ even tho i'm not babysitting for u

#bakugo #dad bakugo #don't text and drive yall PLEASEEEEE #or call anyone fat :(((#kjdfjakhdfjka tho this au #the parties u have must be insane #good thing bakugo is RICH #there's so much i wanna say too but i needa go to bed LOL #but ty again #caitie things #anon thoughts #kids tw #long post

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