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best-non-english-word-torunament · 1 year

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Welcome to the best non-english word tournament!

What is this?

This is another bracket tournament, in which we will decide the best word. However, this tournament is also dedicated to linguistic diversity and promoting languages that aren't English, since they are less visible on the internet at large. This means that words in English are banned from competing to make room for the other 6500-7500 known languages (depending on how you count). To avoid other large languages taking over the poll (both counting native speakers and languages the average tumblr user is likelier to know) there will be a limit of four words from every language. Join me and learn new cool words in many different languages as well as vote for your favourite!

Who are you?

I'm a linguistics student and language nerd from Sweden who took lots of inspiration from @ultimate-word-tournament but wanted to focus on language diversity in words. I'll also sneak in some posts about the language situation in the world because it's a fascinating topic. My native language isn't English, so please be kind if my posts are worded weirdly sometimes

What makes a word good?

There are many ways that a word can be good, but here are some examples: it sounds good/feels good to say, the script looks nice, it denotes an interesting concept, it denotes a concept you like, it does something interesting grammarwise or soundwise, it's funny, it's an interesting/fun compound, it has an interesting/fun etymology, it just has good vibes... The possibilities are endless and a judgement probably consists of some combinations of these or others

Rules:

There will be 64 words and a maximum of four words per language

No words in English, but loanwords from English are allowed with good motivation

No conlangs (I love them but the focus is on natural language)

Words from signed languages are allowed and encouraged as long as you can provide an explanatory picture or film for the sign

Words from pidgins are allowed

Words from extinct languages are allowed

No made up words (if it isn't/wasn't used in the language it doesn't belong, neither does words only your family/friend group uses, but slang words are allowed)

Every submitter is allowed to submit a maximum of two words from the same language based on the honor system

Submissions:

Submissions were open until the bracket was filled and are now closed

I will need to do some selection if I recieve more than four submissions from a language and this selection will mostly be based on who submitted first, with exceptions for good motivations or difficulty finding information on a word (like IPA transcription). I will try my best to research all words and languages, but since I'm hoping for small languages it might be difficult to find. There might also be some selection based on including more languages and areal diversity if I get some really good ones between the 64th submission and closing the form, but we'll see.

Some guidelines:

If you're able, please provide an IPA transcription for your word (the International Phonetic Alphabet has a sign for each sound used in any language, which makes transcription of exact pronounciation possible)

Please provide a short motivation on what makes your word good

You will need to provide a translation/explanation of the word in English since that is the language this tournament is conducted in for ease of communication and reach. If the exact translation of a word is part of what makes the word good, please provide that too

Have fun! I can't wait to see your words. If you just want to vote, go ahead and follow me in the meantime

I will tag some other tournaments to hopefully make this reach people who know interesting languages and good words in them. Please consider doing the same if you want this tournament to be as good as possible.

@ultimate-word-tournament @ultimate-sentence-tournament @words-for-cat-bracket @ultimate-poll-tournament @titlesbracket @tournamentdirectory @eurovision-song-bracket @the-shape-showdown @fuckingstupidbracket

#best non-english word tournament #tournament poll #info and logistics #i am a fan of words and language and this was just inevitable #help

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rigelmejo · 5 years

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progress

i started trying to learn some chinese like idk in august. and i have never related more to a story i read once, of a 60-ish year old woman suddenly striving (and managing) to learn enough russian to read russian classics like war and peace in their native language.

because that’s how i feel... like i’m desperately trying to get to the point where i can read priest’s novels... because the translation is fine, and also sometimes impressive, but i know just enough to see all the details i’m missing, and

i actually am gonna have a physical copy of guardian and imperfections/defected goods and i feel like The Pressure to be able to read them at least basically

which. ahahahaha ;-; That is SUCH a lofty goal for the Near Future. Maybe long term, a very long term goal, but soon? Ahaaahaha ;-;

Anyway, i need to appreciate my progress. In about 3 months of studying, I have managed to go from knowing nothing but hello/thank you, to being able to read some subtitles, make out some long video titles/captions gist, to be able to look at a novel text and at least pinpoint moments of action taking place (which has been enough to at least look at an english translation, that says something like ‘shen wei’s right hand was kissed’ then look to the chinese version and find that line in text, so that i can word-for-word look up things with more precision). And these are things I should be very proud of myself for.

When I started studying French, the first language I took serious when trying to study - it took me 6 months to read most general texts and gleam the gist of the meaning. It took me 3 months to read the gist of titles/some captions/some summaries of nonfiction nature like instructional texts and news. And then it took me a year maybe to start being able to look at FICTIONAL things like novels or shows and start being able to follow the gist. With Japanese - it took me 1.5 YEARS to get to the point of being able to read the gist of titles/short captions/some small dialogues in manga.

Studying chinese for 3 months, i can now: follow short comical manga-based audios on youtube about 70-80% (I followed a lan wangji/wei wuxian short video audio), read very short fanartist comics (saw some guardian short comics and managed to follow them without looking anything up), can look at the chinese titles of videos on youtube and maybe 1/2 the time reasonably get the gist of what it means, i can look at chinese subtitles on the shows i’m watching and grasp maybe 50% of what i’m looking at. Mostly, again, the action oriented dialogue like ‘i said’ ‘he’s dead/what happened’ ‘what’s that’ ‘madam, help me please’ ‘10k years ago’ ‘brother/sister/etc can i’ ‘no need/worry’ ‘smile’ ‘the meaning is/so/therefore/but/however/still’... and clearly most of the more specific words I know that are adjectives or nouns, are catered toward the shows/stories I’m consuming - since ghost/demon/puppet/bright/smile/dead/murderer/chief/god/lord are the first kinds of nouns I started recognizing.

All of those achievements though... I should be grateful to have gotten to this place. In august, when I first looked at Guardian’s original text... the ONLY things I could understand were the numbers, and ‘hello/thank you/cat’. Now, even though I couldn’t read a chapter, I could skim through and find the names of people, and see if they’re doing something like speaking/smiling/looking/waiting, or if a ghost has appeared. Which is miles more than I could do three short months ago. And it is incredible to me, because it really is a lot of progress for me, in such a short time.

It really points out to me how starkly different japanese was to start learning. I think part of the huge difference, is chinese really is somewhat easier structurally for me to look at and parse through (and I get now why it’s rated Slightly easier to learn for native english speakers than japanese is), and I think part of it is because I’ve spent enough time studying languages now that I’m more efficient at it. It certainly appears I’m more efficient than I was in the past. My reading in japanese is... still pretty awful. I really... can only glance at maybe manga dialogues, or real short image captions, or real short physical comedy skits, and understand the gist. Anything more, and I quickly get lost. And I studied Japanese pretty consistently for 2ish years. Whereas with chinese, I am already at the point where I can look at a wall of text like an actual fictional novel (not comic, novel), and start parsing out at least some of what’s going on. Where I can watch a show and follow at least some of the main ideas without translation. I do think part of the difference also, is which words I tried learning first in what language - in Japanese I learned comedic words first, and everyday ‘go to school/work’ words, so for daily life comedy vlogs/slice of life simple manga I can follow some of the gist - but for more literary things I am completely lost. With chinese, I was watching shows from the get-go, so immediately action words/nouns that are repeated a lot, were the first words I started understanding. And I think learning action words helps a lot with following what is physically going on - which is something I did not focus on immediately in japanese. Now, in chinese, I’m focusing on a lot of literary words like ‘its just/its only a’, ‘but even/however’ etc kind of words, and adjectives, so I imagine over time those kinds of words will pop out to me easier as well.

I have learned how it is I tend to learn the fastest, although it’s not quite in line with the perfectly-rigid approach I wish I could manage instead:

- I need to start using the language immediately. - Not coddled. I need to use it. Get thrown into it. Throw myself into actual materials IN the language. The textbooks and readers with english are a crutch. I learn faster the more I dive straight into the actual language materials IN that language. - As usual, find a vocabulary guide and/or flashcard set with the most common words, use that as a place to start for vocabulary. With Chinese, that was the 1000-most-common-words-in-chinese-dramas memrise deck, some other anki decks i look at on occassion, and the words-by-most-common clozemaster chinese. - As usual, find a grammar guide, start CRAMMING through it. Inevitably, I am not going to understand the grammar until I see it working in the real language. But if I just make myself READ grammar points, then I’ll have a framework to understand the grammar I’ll see later being used. I’m currently working through https://www.chinese-grammar.org/ , which has been a very nice guide to just chug through. There are some other helpful guides - nanchinese is okay, but I HATE how slowly it progresses a user through the material. Again, I seem to do best when I’m just thrown into the deep end and FORCED to progress faster than I want to. Inevitably, I will always stop myself and keep covering the same basic material longer than I need to, if given the chance. So for myself, I really do need to just force myself to look at materials that look more difficult than I feel I am ready for. Again, future self: even if you feel you haven’t mastered the material, even if you haven’t memorized it yet, LITERALLY JUST PROGRESS as soon as you understand the gist of it. That’s it. Literally keep moving forward once you think you somewhat understand. - As usual (for non romanized alphabets), get a book/guide that covers the characters by most common, and start CRANKING THROUGH IT. Again, do NOT pause until you’ve memorized, just KEEP PROGRESSING once you feel you understand the basic gist, move forward. You will look over the same characters again and again later, there’s time to reread a whole book/guide later - the point is to get exposed to those characters and words, so that the next times you see them it’s reinforcing the learning instead of your first time. For this, there is a great book: Reading and Writing Chinese: Third Edition, HSK All Levels (2,349 Chinese Characters and 5,000+ Compounds). I got this one, which I like because as far as I can tell, it includes all the characters and words I’d need to learn for the HSK levels (which at least somewhat prepare you to have some command of the language/some ability to comprehend the language). So, this book prepares a learner decently by at least teaching things that are more likely to be commonly found in the language, and therefore going to pay off to learn overall. I also have been looking at this guide: http://www.mementoslangues.fr/Chinois/Sinogrammes/Table3000CaracteresChinois.pdf . It has 3000 chinese characters in order of frequency. Which, again, is useful in trying to learn what will be most applicable to understanding many things. When reading through it, I’m on the 50th character and pretty much knew all of them already in 3 months - which is good, and probably why I’ve felt what words/characters I’ve learned have paid off in understanding so much. If I had more time to read it, I might find I know a whole lot more. In the RaWC book, I’ve been highlighting the characters I know, and I’m still reading through the book, but maybe 300-500 I’ve highlighted so far cause I already knew them. For learning characters, any book/word guide that at least partially prioritizes for frequency, and for broadly what is going to be useful to comprehend that language, helps a lot to focus you on studying things that will improve basic understanding. I also found a book by Lingomastery, Chinese Most Common 1000 words - which I’m looking through too, when I get the time. Again - for me it’s not about looking things over until I’m perfect - it’s about looking once, understanding just basically, then as I see it over and over multiple times learning it fully. Because for me that is faster than slowly memorizing, because I’m a perfectionist and I often choose to move on much slower than I can actually learn. -Other things that have helped a ton: decent translators. The app PLECO is great, and can also translate some idioms. Google translate is nice because the app allows you to draw or speak the word instead of typing it so that if you don’t know the exact pinyin you can just draw the character you see. These three apps I found useful for translating chunks of sentences: https://fanyi.baidu.com/#zh/en/%E5%8F%AB%E5%89%8D%E8%BE%88 (I especially like how this one handles chunks of texts, and gives more precise footnotes of words/idioms at the bottom), https://translate.systran.net/translationTools/text?source=zh&target=en , https://www.mdbg.net/chinese/dictionary - The app Idiom is GREAT for looking at a chinese website/webnovel, and just translating word by word - it will give the character and pronounce it out loud. The translations are pretty freaking rough and sometimes not quite correct, but for super fast translating in-line on the same page while reading, it’s incredibly convenient. Likewise, the app BaiduTranslate allows you to just highlight text on your phone in any app, select ‘share’ select ‘baidutranslate’ app, and then it will translate the whole chunk of text - pinyin, audio, english, and some keywords/idioms more precisely translated in a footnote.These two apps, along with google-translate to draw in characters you can’t copy/paste, are good for super quick rough translations when working through a text/show. - Honestly, I think it has been helping as well that I’m watching so many chinese shows, and chinese youtube fan-made videos. I don’t personally think I do much with the audio to help myself learn, but I think it’s been helping me get better at looking up words (by pronouncing the tones closer to correct, and by drawing a character in the subtitles, and in youtube when there ARE english subs by looking from the english to chinese-hard-subs and matching some characters to specific words - it’s how i learned meaning/but/however/therefore). Even though I don’t notice significant improvement because of doing this, I do think it simply helps I’m interacting with chinese a lot. (And, of course, I love getting to the point in knowing a language, where you know JUST enough to be able to tell when the english subtitles CLEARLY DO NOT match what’s actually being said - that’s always fun). I do think that because I’m hearing chinese a lot, it’s easier for me to transfer my reading skills to listening skills - since I’m practicing both at once when I see the chinese subtitles, since I listen enough that they sound relatively familiar to what I think characters sound like in my head when reading (which, my internal voice still isn’t necessarily accurate, but it’s improving). This is significant, because I know in french I did NOT do this. So as a result, in french I could listen and would struggle significantly to match words to subtitles or text - I could read quite well but my listening lags behind. In chinese, I can reasonably follow along to audio with the text - they’re close enough in similarity to me that I don’t fear my listening comprehension is lagging as considerably as it does in french. Pretty much all the chinese words/phrases I am most sure I understand, are the ones I heard before reading. In french this was not the case, in part maybe because french has so many english cognates i could slide by in reading without necessarily learning the french pronunciations for a lot of words. Also - in chinese I generally plug new words into google translate or Pleco, both of those translators provide audio. I listen to the audio, because I want to make sure my tone is right. So for a majority of the words in chinese I learn, I listen to them several times at the beginning. I do think short term, so far it’s been paying off in listening comprehension a LOT with shows. And long term, I think if I continue doing this it will pay off in helping to keep my listening/reading comprehension a lot more balanced then it is in french. Which personally, I find hilarious, just because - when I started trying to learn chinese, I was literally ONLY concerned with reading comprehension. I didn’t care at all if I could pronounce or even knew what the words I was reading sounded like. But... to be fair, in chinese (thankfully!!!) many of the characters hint at their pronunciation based on how they look. So for chinese its often a matter of ‘okay this is gui/wei/shi/etc but which tone is it?’ Which I personally find... eons easier to come to terms with, then japanese characters, which often have multiple pronunciations, and those pronunciations rarely have to do with the appearance of the character. But with chinese, I see my favorite little ghostie radical, and know it might be pronounced gui or wei, and know it will probably have something to do with spirits. I see the speech radial and know it’ll probably have to do with speaking or communication or words. I see the ‘up’ radical and know it might be pronounced similar to ‘shang’. I deeply appreciate that in chinese the characters clearly have a logic - and though of course there are exceptions to those patterns, there are exceptions in many languages anyway, and for the most part those patterns are greatly useful.

Just a little thing I’ve noticed, but also I find the characters/words are much easier for me to remember BECAUSE I have names of characters, story plotlines to relate them to. Because I’ve seen Shen Wei/Wei Wuxian, it’s easy for me to remember Shen Wei’s wei has a mountain on top and is a high tone, and wei’s doesn’t have the mountain and is a different one. Because I’ve seen the ghost character in so many plotlines, I can recognize when it’s spirit, or ghost, or puppet, or demon. Cat, wolf, dog, owl... they’re all easier for me to remember because I can think of specific sentences and situations where I’ve read/heard those words. If I was just reading them in a textbook, they would not be so vivid in my memory. In a way, it’s like the words I pinpoint in a story stick out in my head as these bright points, and then new things I learn connect outward from them like spiderwebs. I know daren from guardian is like a lord, so then when I see lord-god in Destiny and Love I know what to relate it to, when i see furen as madam i know how to relate it to what i already know. And so on and so forth.

While I think there is definitely a place for learning in a structured way (and god I wish I was like that), I think my mind personally learns the fastest when I approach things based on most useful then work outward, and when I cover things quickly and broadly at only an understanding level of basic-gist-grasped, and then just start throwing myself into challenging material. I really think my mind prefers to dive headfirst into challenging things - it appreciates a challenge, it wants to problem solve, and it seems to work harder and focus better when it’s in the middle of being challenged. Now, working through challenging material can be very draining - and it still is, even though my brain learns faster by doing it. But seeing the progress after just 3 months, clearly its worth it.

3 months ago, I looked at a wall of text and understood nothing but the calendar number dates. Now I can look and sometimes even follow whats going on! Now I can see chinese subtitles and follow some of the action! I looked ad Mo Dao Zu Shi the other day, and managed to read the first few paragraphs! I just looked at Zhen Hun today, and scanned through it to pinpoint a few scenes - some I managed to find and read in chinese, some I only managed to make out one line from. But ALL of that is still miles above what I could manage to do at the start. I’m personally... very excited. I have so much more that I want to be able to do in the language. But I’m extremely happy with how far I’ve managed to progress so far.

---

Literally... my goal had been... to be able to start getting through the guardian novel in chinese at least grasping the gist... in the end of November this year. HA.

That is... not a reasonable goal. If I can manage it, even just like small snippets of the novel... then I will be floored with myself. We’ll see.

#rant #I was just reflecting #I really... have gotten through a lot #I can't believe I only started this in August.

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rockofeye · 6 years

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It'd be nice to see sort of a "Creole for beginners" post that talks about what terms are common in Vodou and maybe explains the grammar structure. I've noticed a lot of Creole I can mentally translate myself if I think about it long enough since many French words were taken into English awhile back, but French itself I don't actually know so sometimes it's quite a reach. The evolution of the language seems parallel with the evolution of Vodou and that's really interesting to me.

So, this ask has been sitting for awhile, and I’ve been thinking about it a lot as I am just finishing up an intensive month-long Kreyòl class.

Haitian Kreyòl/Kreyòl Ayisyen is a fascinating, gorgeous, succulent language. In some ways, it is super straightforward and in other ways, it is deeply complex as befits a language that has roots in Romance languages (more than one!), African languages (more than one!), and Indigenous languages. Like vodou, it is a language that embodies the history of Haiti and it has and does evolve as culture and the world advances.

Outside of Haiti, there is the idea that there is no common orthography/common way of speaking and utilizing the language. This is wrong wrong wrong. Largely, this stems from the fact that, until about 50 years ago, Kreyòl was almost entirely an oral only language because of colonialism–Kreyòl has only begun being taught in schools in the last decade, yet almost every Haitian speaks it fluently (the elite class speaks French, but that is largely a class marker–everyone knows Kreyòl). Many Haitians do not know how to write in Kreyòl, and write the best that they are able which leads to widely varied output….which leads outsiders to say that there is no commonly accepted orthography.

It would take a long, LONG time to really deconstruct and explain how Kreyòl works in practice so I’m not going to go there entirely, but here are some basics:

Kreyòl has 32 letter/symbols in its alphabet. Within that, there are 15 vowels/vowel sounds and 18 consonants/consonant sounds. Kreyòl only utilizes one accent (grave accent/aksan grav). Things with the alphabet that trip up Kreyòl learners who are native English speakers include:

‘C’ is not utilized except as a compound sound in ‘ch’, which is a soft sound like ‘shh’ and not a hard sound like ‘chair’.

‘U’ is not utilized except in compound sounds with other vowels.

‘G’ is always hard, never soft.

In Kreyòl, everything written is spoken–there are no silent letters, ever. A professor of mine terms Kreyòl as a truly democratic language; every letter has a sound that is expressed orally.

Basic sentence structure is Subject-Verb-Object (Li se yon bèl fi/She is a beautiful woman) and Noun-Adjective (Li bèl/She is beautiful). Within that structure:

Tenses and conditions (positive/negation) are assigned by separate verb markers/particles. Absense of a verb marker makes the tense automatically present.

Verbs largely do not conjugate, with some exceptions.

Articles are placed separately from the noun–definite articles are ALWAYS after the noun, indefinite articles are ALWAYS before the noun, and this gives speakers of other languages fits because it is different than the Romance languages most closely related to Kreyòl (my class had several folks who spoke several European-derived languages fluently, and the folks who spoke French or Spanish fluently struggled the most).

Adjectives are mostly after nouns, except when they are not.

Kreyòl is a language of double speak, both in general and in vodou. Words carry multiple meanings depending on context and tone, which can be a struggle when learning and can lead to confusion and sometimes awkward conversation. For example, the word for walk and market is spelled and pronounced the same way, the word for pen can also refer to internal genitalia and/or pubic hair in a female-assigned person in a somewhat rude/abrupt way, and utilizing a nasal versus open vowel sound in ‘I would like to meet you’ in Kreyòl changes that sentence to ‘I would like to fuck you’. Luckily, most Haitians are extremely accommodating to outsiders and understand that mistakes are honest mistakes (but they will laugh…).

Tone and composure (how you fix your face when you speak) is super important. How a sentence is said communicates as much, if not more, than the actual word. How I say ‘yon fanm sa a la’ can change ‘the woman over there’ to ‘can you believe this biiiiiiiitch over there’.

Kreyòl must be spoken with mouth open: no mumbling, etc. To get words across accurately, the mouth must open to make all the sounds.

The language is an independent standalone language with piece of French, Spanish, English, and multiple African languages visible. Much of the sentence structuring is African-derived, particularly from Bantu and Yoruba sources. There is a recent and evolving movement to claim identity of the language as Haitian only, not as Kreyòl.

The language also reflects the lived history of the country and it’s people. A lot of common phraseology reflects the history of enslavement; one of the more common ways to ask where someone lives in-country is ki bò ou ye/kibò ou ye, which translates to ‘what side are you from’. This is directly related to how enslaved Africans lived; plantations were huge and sprawling and so when enslaved Africans met others who were on the same plantation, how they related where they lived on the plantation was in that manner. Like vodou, the language is it’s own living history.

In the religion, language gets more complicated. French is utilized in some specific instances and some spirits, if/when they speak, only speak French, but Kreyòl is the liturgical language of the religion. All the songs and majority of the prayers are in Kreyòl, the community speaks Kreyòl, etc. In general, French is falling away as being a conversational language in Haiti–it is often used in business and medicine, but that’s about it.

There is also langaj, the language of the spirits. This is largely untranslatable language that spirits sometimes use in possession–it can be a combination of Kreyòl and African-descended sounds that are not complete in any African language. What langaj means is often private between the spirit and to whom that spirit is speaking, with the most common uses become accepted parlance (think ritual exclamations, like ‘ayibobo’, ‘awoche Nago’, ‘alaso’, ‘djarvodo/djavodo/djavado’).

Kreyòl is also spoken differently by spirits than by people. Kreyòl in general has many dialects throughout the country, and it follows that the spirits have many dialects as well. Kreyòl in general is spoken very fast by Haitians, and the spirits follow suit with that. In addition, some spirits speak more rural or localized forms of Kreyòl depending on what part of Haiti they are from. Some spirits speak very nasally, some speak so softly it almost sounds like they are only letting out soft breaths, some mix Kreyòl and langaj, some only speak/yell at top volume. All of that is super different than what a language program or even an in-person class can teach, and soKreyòl learned and used in religious settings is picked up contextually.

LearningKreyòl can be a daunting pursuit. Since it is SO orally focused, the best way is to learn orally in an immersive setting; either an intensive class or in Haiti or the Haitian community. There are some language programs, most of them are not great. Here’s what I like:

Ann Pale Kreyol by Albert Valdman is an excellent place to start. Though it is older and some of it is dated, it is still pretty foundational and his teaching methods are still used in classroom teaching. It is pricey for a used copy, but there are PDFs easily available online.

Valdman also produced a bilingual English-Haitian Kreyòl dictionary and it is FANTASTIC. I have several dictionaries and this is by far the best–you get definitions of words, what parts of speech they are, and how they are used both in English and in Kreyòl sentences. It is pricey and you could beat someone to death with it, but it is worth it for learning.

Pawol Lakay is as useful as Ann Pale Kreyol is, and it also comes with CDs (if you can threaten Amazon into making sure they send them with the book). It can be a little weak on sentence structure and what parts of speech are, but it’s good. There is a forthcoming language learning system for Kreyòl that beats the pants off of anything else on the market but it is not out yet.

MangoLanguages is good for basic hello/goodbye/my name is fluency, but I did not find it useful for conversational use. Good introduction, though, and the pronunciation in-program is pretty on-point. Most public library systems and college/university libraries have a free subscriptions for this, there are also pay options.

There are other books that are aimed at travelers and casual users which can be useful, but the above are the best resources I have seen so far. I do not like the Pimsleur system for Kreyòl at all, as it is super limited to essentially picking up women in Port-au-Prince which is great if that’s your jam but not useful for much of anything else. Youtube is full of Kreyòl movies and television and music, which is good to throw on in the background to absorb the sound and cadence of the language. Several professors have cautioned about listening to Haitian radio unless it originates in Haiti, saying that most Haitian radio originating in the US is a broadcast in a mix of Kreyòl and bad French, which can trip up a learner.

I hope this helps! Let me know if I can offer more info.

#vodou #haitian vodou #kreyòl #kreyòl ayisyen #haitian creole

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makingmoneyonlinemethod · 3 years

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Another very interesting way, especially for people with an existing blog or website: is affiliate marketing. You can use this to place links on your blog that promote products. For example, you will receive a fixed amount or percentage of the sale for every order placed via your link. Do you have many visitors who are interested in certain products or services? Then you can certainly build a nice passive income with affiliate marketing!

Read also our popular blog post:

There are numerous platforms where you can find companies that do affiliate marketing. They want to sell something, preferably through as many channels as possible. If your website has enough visitors, those companies are eager to do business with you. However, you can also start a very targeted micro niche website that will generate revenue with even smaller traffic.

The best way is to create a website or blog is to choose a topic you are passionate about, and promote products or services that are relevant to this niche. That increases your conversion rates!

Sell your photos on the internet.

Do you like photography? If so, you may be able to generate a nice source of passive income with your photos. You can post photos taken on so-called stock photo websites, such as Shutterstock or iStockphoto. This way, you will receive a fixed amount or percentage for every customer who buys your photos through that website.

If you make a nice portfolio, you can earn a great deal of money through it. Posting your photos is not difficult. The complete process is fully automatic. And the great thing is… every photo you take can be sold again and again and generate compound revenue. Ideal, right?

Keep in mind that your photos have to be really good and high quality. It is smart to look at what is already in high demand. So make them slightly with a commercial slant; this works best 9 times out of 10!

Write an e-book

Writing an e-book seems like a lot of work at first… and it is! But once completed, it can be a fruitful source of income. Your book can be sold via your own website, but also, e.g., via Amazon or ClickBank. This way, you reach a broad audience in one go, but make sure that your e-book is worth reading.

You can write about anything, but you must know a lot about the subject. Give the reader a lot of useful information, use the right words, make it exciting and easy to read. Have you ever run into a problem that no one is writing about yet? Then you might have a gold mine in your hands.

Even with 1 good book, you can earn a nice passive income for a long time… because the sales could be unlimited!

Sell your own products.

Creating your own products can be considered a very broad topic, where you can sell just about anything. You can make your own products or have them produced cheaply in countries such as China.

You will have to build your own website for this, where customers can order the products. Another way is to place products on Amazon, which increases the chance of even more sales.

Always make sure that you have your own website anyway.

When you sell your own products, you have higher profit margins, more freedom, possibly more market dominance, and many sales opportunities. This way, you can quickly make more sales via large platforms (such as Amazon). They can even arrange the complete handling of your orders, leaving you more time for marketing and creativity.

Regardless of the time you put in, this is a great source of a passive income!

Adopt a blog that already exists

Are you able to get an existing blog for a good price? Then you can also earn a very nice passive income with this blog. Blogs are being created all the time, but not all of these blogs are used to their full potential.

So make smart use of this idea.

You can do this with Google Adsense and affiliate marketing. Blogs with a lot of authority and monthly traffic are ideal for this. In financial terms, you should keep about 24 times the monthly income of the blog’s price. If the income is $300 per month (preferably consistent for several years), then you have a price of $7200. It is, of course, better if you can manage for less.

Pay attention to whether it is really a nice blog, or whether the owner wants to get rid of it for another reason. Savvy affiliate marketers make $10k from their websites, so there is definitely some room for making money!

Start an e-shop

Starting an e-shop is also a good idea, where your own products are not necessarily required. Starting an e-shop in a niche where your passion lies – makes it more fun and profitable. You can start small… and when everything goes well, expand your range with more related products.

You have to do a lot of work for it, but you will generate more and more passive income.

However, don’t want to be occupied with your eshop, all the time? Then you can automate a number of processes. For example, you can opt for dropshipping, where products go directly from the manufacturer or wholesaler to your customers. You can also place the storage of products at Amazon or ShareASale and have the complete fulfillment arranged by these parties. This saves you time, and you also get a lot of “exposure” for your products.

Plenty of features that may take some time in the beginning, will create passive income online later on autopilot!

Be a referring resource.

Any small (start-up) business can use referrals, which lead to more sales. Make a list of companies that you regularly turn to and that you can recommend to others. Then, ask them if they give you some sort of commission when customers come to those companies through you. It can lead to a nice side-stream of earnings.

You can even create a website for this with recommendations or quotations (something like a portal). Also, use social media and other online ways to increase exposure. When you approach it a little smarter, your earnings can suddenly add up.

It is, of course, important that you do not spend too much time on it. But it quite easily causes a snowball effect. In this way, you also build up real passive income, and you can do other interesting things while the money is being generated on autopilot.

Create an app

You can also start building an app. Yes, I know it’s not for everyone, but it’s not THAT hard. You have to ask yourself a number of questions.

· What do you want your app to do?

· How do you make the app attractive to users?

· What problem do you solve with it?

· How do users’ lives become simpler with your app?

· And how are you going to market your app?

Of course, many developers want to release an app, so really stand out.

It starts with a good idea, but then you also have to spend time developing it. Your app can be complex, but also super simple. Think of some games that literally don’t make sense, but have a great playtime. With the addition of advertisements, you can earn a lot of passive income with apps.

You can buy under-developed apps for a very low price, which will add up with massive use. This way, you can earn money for years with 1 made app.

If you are a beginner, ready to get started have a look at this detailed video tutorial:

Develop an online course

Everyone is an expert at something, so why not create an online course for this? It can be a great source of a passive income!

You can approach this in different ways. For example, there are websites like Udemy.com, with millions of students looking for new online courses every day. You can also post your online course on many other websites, including Amazon, of course. There are plenty of sales channels where you can sell an online course, just use Google to find what suits best.

Now it is important to make an excellent online course. If you post your online course on international platforms, you will have to make it in English. The use of video lessons, checklists, small e-books for support, images, and, for example, an audio version to reinforce your content.

Also, make 3 different packages with corresponding price categories. This way, you reach every customer, so that you take full advantage of the customers’ volume and earn more.

Google Adsense

Google Adsense really is one of the simplest ways to create passive income online. You place advertisements on your website or blog and don’t have to do anything about it.

The income is generated every time when visitors click on your ads.

Although you only earn a few cents per click, it can add up when you get a lot of visitors. The percentage that clicks on it every day can thus lead from nice pocket money to a whole monthly income.

So it works best when you have a website that is well visited. It can also help to take over an existing website. You can also combine Adsense very well with, for example, affiliate marketing or other revenue models. This way, you build up more and more income with one website.

What are the best spots for Google Adsense?

Pay attention to where you place the ads. The best locations for this on your website are

· inside the content

· in the header

· and the sidebar’s left side

Also, make sure you use the recommended dimensions that Google uses. And use ads with images, but also with text only. According to measurements, that combination yields the most!

Donations

Placing a donation button can also lead to passive income. It may not be a constant source of income, but it can add up.

You work hard on your website, without perhaps getting paid. Some visitors are happy to lend you a hand. When this happens regularly, you can earn nice with it.

The best way is to post new content regularly and to be really valuable for your visitors. In this way, you build up a community bit by bit… so that people are also more inclined to make a donation.

You can use Paypal for this, for example, by making a donation button with your account (or just create it first). And then place it on your website. Most people have a Paypal account and can donate some money for free and quickly.

You can also receive donations on Youtube.

You can also receive donations on Youtube. In addition to a passive income on YouTube with your videos, it is an extra way to generate income quickly!

It often happens in live streams, where you can sometimes see the amounts increase considerably. Ok, you will have to build a large audience first. But there is a very good chance that they will give you something. Suppose you do a 1-hour live stream in which you answer questions. Then you can earn a nice extra cent with this. And your live stream can be viewed again later, where you place advertisements again. So do you regularly combine normal videos with live streams? Then you can earn money in 2 ways.

With donations, it is, of course, true that you get them. It is nice when your subscribers make a donation. This gives you extra for all your efforts.

Selling advertising space

Do you have a website or blog with many visitors? Then you can also make advertising space available for companies that want to advertise on your website. For example, you can place a banner in the header for a fixed amount per month. With a few banners, you earn a lot of money.

Create manuals

Are you looking for additional ways in which you can earn passive income? Then writing manuals might be your cup of tea.

You can create very extensive manuals for the most specific topics. A manual helps people to achieve a certain goal step by step. Usually, this is accompanied by a small fee.

Another way is to offer the manual for free, using a different revenue model. Think of Google Adsense, affiliate links, subscriptions, or other things.

It’s a smart way to make extra money!

Invest in real estate through crowdfunding

Investing in real estate is a very profitable way to create passive income on the internet. However, buying a house or apartment is not really cheap. You will therefore need to have equity capital or borrow it from the bank.

But there are also ways to do it differently. For example, you can invest in real estate through crowdfunding. You don’t have to put in a large amount right away, and you can start with a few hundred euros.

For example, if you look at the Fundrise.com website, you will see that around 8.7 to 12.4% interest can be earned with this. You do not have a guarantee for a fixed percentage, but you will earn extra money anyway.

Investing in stocks

Buying stocks can also create passive income online for you for a long time. In many cases, you buy shares, and you also claim a part of the profit (dividend) every 3 months. Are you going to buy shares? Then do this from companies that are reliable and likely to make more and more profit.

You can also learn more about how stock markets work. That way, you will be better able to buy stocks at a low point. Certainly, there is not always something wrong with the company for the larger companies when shares are low. If the shares then go up again, you can take advantage of the increases.

Depending on how much you invest, you can earn a nice passive income for a longer period of time!

Borrowing peer-to-peer (P2P)

It’s probably not your first idea to create passive income online. But it can be profitable to borrow peer-to-peer. You receive interest on money that you lend to others.

Some people are not eligible to borrow through traditional financial services providers. However, some platforms lend it to that

makes people possible. You can register yourself, and that way, lend money to others. This does not even have to be very large amounts.

You will then receive interest on the borrowed money.

In most cases, it will earn you some extra money, but also carefully consider the risks. There are different categories, namely low risk, medium risk, and high risk. They indicate the risk of guaranteeing the loan. So pay attention to this!

Make money with things you already do

You can earn money with things you already do. This includes reading emails, shopping online, and searching the internet.

Of course, it does not bring in much, compared to the other ways mentioned. But it is a method to earn something extra, for which you do not have to do anything extra.

However, we recommend going other ways.

What are the best ways to create passive income online?

There are many ways to create passive income.

Our advice is to focus on the serious ways with which you really build an online business. They do take you some time in the beginning. But you will earn (a lot of) money online quickly and for a longer period of time!

You will always have to do something for it, but when everything is running… you will be very happy with the results achieved.

#how to makemoney #make money as an affiliate #make money today #makemoneyathome #afflaite marketing

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douchebagbrainwaves · 7 years

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THE MOST AMUSING THING WRITTEN DURING THIS PERIOD, LIUDPRAND OF CREMONA'S EMBASSY TO CONSTANTINOPLE, IS, I SUSPECT, MOSTLY INADVERTANTLY SO

I look them straight in the eye and say I'm designing a new dialect of Lisp. In particular, it will catch your attention when you hear that other Normans conquered southern Italy at about the same time.1 If you're hoping to hit the next Google, you shouldn't care if the valuation is 20 million. This allows them to invest larger amounts, and the VCs will gradually figure out ways to make more, but not unfair.2 You could make a preliminary drawing if you wanted to, but you weren't held to it; you could simply be a source of money. Don't just not be evil.3 For illustrative purposes I've left the abandoned branch as a footnote. Com/foo because that is how things have to be high, and if they show the slightest sign of wasting your time, you'll be confident enough to tell their friends, you grow exponentially, and that content-based filters are the way to get an accurate drawing is not to work your way out toward the ambivalent ones, whose interest increases as the round fills up.

I put it off because it seemed mysterious and complicated. It's much like being a doctor.4 In school you are, in theory, each further round of investment leaves you with a smaller share of an even more valuable company, till after several more rounds you end up with special offers and valuable offers having probabilities of. Why should we care especially about civil liberties?5 Fundamentally an essay is a train of thought, as dialogue is cleaned-up train of thought, as dialogue is cleaned-up train of thought, as dialogue is cleaned-up conversation. There was a point in 1995 when I was in school.6 2% false positives. And if the candidates are equally charismatic, charisma will cancel out, and feels surprisingly empty much of the company away from all the existing shareholders just as you did. Treat the first few as an educational expense. But houses are very expensive—around $1000 per square foot.7 They're usually individuals, like angels.

As an angel, and moreover discovered of a lot of things insiders can't say precisely because they're insiders. If you're part of a round led by someone else, that problem is solved for you. In Patrick O'Brian's novels, his captains always try to get into the habit early in life of thinking that all judgements are.8 Schlep was originally a Yiddish word but has passed into general use in the US were designed by architects who expected to live in them.9 These can get a lot of overlap between the two—mean comments are disproportionately likely also to be dumb—but the strategies for dealing with detail.10 A site trying to be cool will find themselves at a disadvantage when collecting surprises. It says a great deal about our work that we use the same word for a brilliant or a horribly cheesy solution. Hardware prices plummeted, and lots of people got to have computers who couldn't otherwise have afforded them.11 And you in turn will be guaranteed to be spared one of the casualties. The danger is to companies in the middle of the range. The result is there's a lot more meanness down in DH1 than up in DH6.

Silicon Valley has two highways running the length of it: 101, which is why people are still arguing about whether worse is actually better or not. Visiting Sand Hill Road. Sometimes you start with a lowball offer, just to see if you'll take it. There's a whole essay's worth of surprises there for sure. Counterargument might prove something. And they make a lot of graduate programs. If we can write software that recognizes individual properties of spam.

Maybe the solution is to add a delay before people can respond to a comment, and make the length of the delay inversely proportional to some prediction of its quality.12 Kids are the ones sitting back with slightly pained expressions. In our world some of the super-angels is good news for you. This focus on the user. 12454646 investment 0.13 But the staff writers feel obliged to write something balanced. I'm pathologically observant. The reason the spammers use the kinds of things that spammers say now.

To programmers, hacker connotes mastery in the most literal sense: someone who can make a computer do what he wants—whether the computer wants to or not. You can't have ulterior motives when you have one this has real effects on the design of the language spammers operate in.14 The Achilles heel of the spammers is their message. 047225013 mandatory 0. But I think I've figured out what's going on. That was a surprising realization.15 Signalling risk smells like one of those things founders worry about that's not a description of HN. Stupid, perhaps, but not his charisma, and he suffered proportionally. I've read on HN.

Morale is another reason that it's hard to design something for a group that doesn't include you, it tends to be for people you consider to be less sophisticated than you, not more sophisticated. Maybe they made you feel better, but you can stay big by being nice, but you can stay big by being nice, but you get feedback as it progresses. In the long term it's to your advantage to be good. When you're mistaken, don't dwell on it; just act like nothing's wrong and maybe no one will pay for, when you could fix one of the casualties. 116539136 california 0.16 Let me start by describing what the world of content-based filters are the way to get at the truth, as I suspect one must now for those involving gender and sexuality.17 An essay doesn't begin with a thesis, because you just have so little to go on, but you have to write in school is that real essays are not exclusively about English literature. If you can recognize good startup founders by empathizing with them—if you both resonate at the same frequency—then you may already be a better startup picker than the median professional VC.18

Notes

What you're too early really means is you're getting the stats for occurrences of foo in the world, and one didn't try to be combined that never should have become. As one very smooth founder who read it ever wished it longer. We invest small amounts of new means of production is not an associate.

FreeBSD and stored their data in files too. Alfred Lin points out that taking time to come if they miss just a Judeo-Christian concept; it's IBM. They have no decision-making power.

To do this right you'd have to sweat any one outcome. Another tip: If you want to turn into them.

When a lot would be critical to do.

But not all do.

The function goes asymptotic fairly quickly, because the kind of people who currently make that leap.

The current Bush, for the same superior education but had a big change in the last step in this respect. It seems we should make the police treat people more equitably. Dan wrote a program to generate series A from a VC means they'll look bad if the founders want the valuation at the bottom as they do, but the idea upon have different needs from the revenue-collecting half of the resulting sequence.

Probably more dangerous to Microsoft than Netscape was.

Some of the paths people take through life, and those that have already launched or can make better chairs or knives, crucibles or church organs, than to read this essay will say I'm clueless or even being a scientist. Once he showed it could become a genuine addict. One YC founder who read a new, much more attractive to investors.

Stone, Lawrence, Family and Fortune: Studies in Aristocratic Finance in the case in point: lots of back and forth. Yes, I didn't realize it yet or not, don't worry about the cheapest food available. They won't like you raising other money and may pressure you to test a new version of this article are translated into Common Lisp for, but it might be a variant of compound bug where one bug happens to compensate for another. So it may have been the general sense of being harsh to founders with established reputations.

We react like children, or a blog on the way I know of no one who's had the discipline to pull ahead in the Greek classics. One father told me they do. Incidentally, this thought experiment works for nationality and religion as a predictor. Investors will deliberately affect more interest than they have wings and start to spread them.

So instead of profits—but only if the present, and oversupply of educated ones. Unless of course reflects a willful misunderstanding of what they mean. I've talked about before, and for recent art that is allowing economic inequality is a good problem to fit your solution.

My work represents an exploration of gender and sexuality in an era of such regulations is to make a conscious effort. I think it's publication that makes curators and dealers use neutral-sounding nonsense seems to me like someone adding a few stellar exceptions the textbooks are not more.

You have to sweat any one outcome. You're going to visit 20 different communities regularly. I know for sure a social network for x. Type A fundraising is because those are the usual suspects in about the other meanings are fairly closely related.

Spices are also startlingly popular on pre-Google search engines.

But if A supports, say, but since it was worth 8,000 legitimate emails. If your income tax rates have had a day job writing software. In fact, for example.

Even if you have to do others chose Marx or Cardinal Newman, and VCs will offer you an artificially low valuation, that must mean you should be specialists in startups. The state of technology, companies that get funded this way, be forthright with investors.

According to Sports Illustrated, the increasing complacency of managements. I know of no Jews moving there, and only one.

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