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officialrailscales · 1 year

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Which setup would you go with?

Nighthawk Agent 1 Setup: - Ascend™ 1911 Scales | MiniDot Texture

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jcmarchi · 3 months

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Researchers want to create a forecasting system for oxygen concentrations in seawater - Technology Org

New Post has been published on https://thedigitalinsider.com/researchers-want-to-create-a-forecasting-system-for-oxygen-concentrations-in-seawater-technology-org/

Researchers want to create a forecasting system for oxygen concentrations in seawater - Technology Org

Farmed fish suffer if there is too little oxygen in the water. A system that can display oxygen concentrations may make it easier to supply this essential gas if the water becomes oxygen-poor.

Hans Tobias Slette at SINTEF says that now that the fish farming sector is looking to operate with bigger facilities and more fish in each net pen, reliable calculations of oxygen availability are more important than ever. Here we see him demonstrating a so-called miniDOT, which is a device for measuring oxygen. Image credit: Daniel Gløsen

All fish are dependent on the dissolved oxygen in seawater. To little oxygen in a farm net pen will result in loss of appetite and reduced fish welfare. A net pen is the ‘cage’ suspended in the sea where the fish are kept.

It thus becomes a problem if a farm operator finds out that oxygen concentrations are consistently too low. So, why is this happening?

“One factor, of course, is that the fish are constantly consuming the oxygen”, says Ingrid Ellingsen, who is a research scientist at SINTEF. “This causes concentrations of the gas to be reduced, especially if the net pens are experiencing poor water throughflow or if the fish are too densely crowded. But there are also a number of other factors at play”, she says.

Together with her colleague Pascal Klebert and others, she is looking to evaluate how oxygen concentrations are impacted by other factors in the water in and around a fish farm.

Variable supply

The concentration of oxygen in any given area is affected by factors such as the photosynthesis of local plants, which generates oxygen, and the breakdown of biomass, which consumes the gas.

Respiration by other fish also plays a role, as do other factors such as sea temperature, currents, wave action, tidal cycles, freshwater supply by local rivers and oxygen exchange between the sea and the atmosphere. All of these factors ultimately influence the supply of oxygen to the surface waters in the net pens.

In other words, the researchers have a complex set of factors to get their heads around.

SINTEF holds a number of aquaculture research licences along the coast of Trøndelag. These enable research teams to carry out experiments under real-life conditions in what they call ‘full-scale marine laboratories’.

The laboratories practice routine farming operations in parallel with taking measurements and running research experiments. In the long term, the researchers hope to make it possible to develop new technologies that will resolve some of the many problems facing the aquaculture industry.

As part of the research projects called ROXY and Oxygen Buholmen, researchers from SINTEF Ocean are looking into oxygen availability for farmed fish.

A very relevant issue

“We know that low oxygen concentrations are a very relevant issue for many operators”, says Ellingsen. “Not least during periods involving low water throughput or major algal blooms. Our aim is to provide the sector with the tools it needs to obtain a better understanding of what is happening. Then it will be able to identify the actions it has to take”, she says.

“Now that the fish farming sector is looking to operate with bigger facilities and more fish in each net pen, reliable calculations of oxygen availability are more important than ever”, says Hans Tobias Slette. Slette is an aquaculture researcher and one of Ellingsen’s co-workers.

His job is to carry out detailed investigations in individual pens in the research farms.

“We’re currently using sensors to measure oxygen concentrations at different points in the pens, and using mathematical models to extrapolate data between the sensor locations”, he says. “At the same time as developing this tool, we’re also making control measurements to see how accurate our extrapolation estimates are. Our aim is to find out the minimum number of sensor points we need to obtain sufficient data about the variation in oxygen content within a given net pen”, he says.

This is necessary because a single net pen may exhibit significant variation, and such detailed knowledge is essential if operators are to implement targeted actions.

Reorganisation can address the problems

“If oxygen concentrations are low because there is in fact too little oxygen across a large area of sea on a given day or during a given season, there will be little point in installing pumps simply to replace the water in a single pen”, says Ellingsen.

She believes that such considerations demonstrate the value of establishing a good knowledge base.

For this reason, researchers are seeking out the various causes behind what the sensors are telling them. What factors are acting together during periods when oxygen concentrations are very low?

Nature determines the flow of water through a net pen. But so too does the location of an individual pen within the farm facility. When many collars are packed closely together, water flowing through a given pen may have already passed through other adjacent pens. If the water is already oxygen-poor, the sensors will continue to record oxygen-depleted water.

“Sometimes, based on what we know about oxygen availability, it may be a good idea to reorganise the placement of net pens in a facility”, says Ellingsen. “Operators have several options here” she says.

Saving money and reducing suffering

Researchers are currently using a number of different methods in their attempts to study oxygen conditions in the context of the aquaculture sector.

They compare different types of oxygen concentration profiles in the water column with maps of bottom conditions, and combine these with measurements of turbulence, wind conditions, wave and current action, water temperature and tidal cycles.

This enables them to obtain knowledge that can be transferred to operational settings outside the test facilities.

“If we become able to forecast oxygen concentrations in an area before a fish farm is installed, we will save the industry from potentially misdirected investments and the fish from unnecessary suffering”, says Slette.

Ingrid Ellingsen envisages that the database her team is now accumulating can be used to develop a forecasting approach comparable with today’s weather forecasting systems.

Source: sintef

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benchau · 5 years

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🌮 | 300BLK

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taxstamp · 6 years

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RailScales Anchor | Orbital Grey

New limited edition color, available here.

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arcustomsdotcom · 4 years

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New Products coming soon. Hopefully by next week we’ll have the new #RailScales HTP 3 pack sets in Minidot and Matrix listed on the website. Contact us if you need them early. $30 set of 3 scales #FreeShipping 🇺🇸 pictured with polymer Karve handstop https://www.instagram.com/p/B4iXGYXj-y9/?igshid=w805drh9ddsg

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officialrailscales · 6 months

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416 two-tone setup

RSB | Terra Bronze

QTR Stop | Carbon Black

TerraCore 3-Slot G10 RailScales | MiniDot Texture

TerraCore 4-Slot G10 RailScales | MiniDot Texture

TerraCore 1-Slot G10 Solo’s | MiniDot Texture

TerraCore 1.5-Slot G10 Solo’s | MiniDot Texture

QDX Sling Mount | Terra Bronze

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officialrailscales · 15 days

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M92 | VZ 61

RSBM-P | Black

2-Slot G10 RailScales | Black FR4 | MiniDot Texture

3-Slot G10 XOS-H | Black FR4 | MiniDot Texture

3-Slot G10 RailScales | Black FR4 | MiniDot Texture

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officialrailscales · 3 months

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MiniDot G10 Scales + APC45-SD

RSB | Carbon Black

QTR Stop | Carbon Black

G10 Solo’s 1.5-Slot MLOK Scale | MiniDot Texture

G10 Solo’s 1-Slot MLOK Scale | MiniDot Texture

G10 RailScales 2-Slot MLOK Scale | MiniDot Texture

G10 RailScales 4-Slot MLOK Scale | MiniDot Texture

QDX Sling Mount | Carbon Black

- RS

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officialrailscales · 3 months

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7.75” MCX-Rattler LT

Which Rattler length do you prefer?

RSB/M | Carbon Black

QTR Stop | Carbon Black

TerraCore 1-Slot G10 Solo’s | MiniDot Texture

TerraCore 2-Slot G10 RailScales | MiniDot Texture

TerraCore 3-Slot G10 RailScales | MiniDot Texture

QDX Sling Mount | Carbon Black

MCX CSMR Button | Carbon Black

- RS

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officialrailscales · 11 months

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M5 with the OG side folder

RSBM-P™ Grip | Black

XOS-H® 3-Slot G10 MLOK Scale | MiniDot Texture

XOS-H® 4-Slot G10 MLOK Scale | MiniDot Texture

QDX® Sling Mount | Carbon Black

- RS

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officialrailscales · 3 months

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Another week, another new MCX. 🎨

RSBM-P | FDE

HTP XOS-W 3.5-Slot MLOK Scale | MiniDot Texture | FDE

HTP XOS-H 3.5-Slot MLOK Scale | MiniDot Texture | FDE

QDX Sling Mount | Terra Bronze

MCX CSMR Button | Terra Bronze

- RS

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officialrailscales · 10 months

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TerraCore Tuesday with the 🦡

RSBM-P Grip | Sniper Grey

TerraCore 3-Slot G10 RailScales | MiniDot Texture

TerraCore 1.5-Slot G10 Solo’s | MiniDot Texture

TerraCore 1-Slot G10 Solo’s | MiniDot Texture

QDX Sling Mount | Terra Bronze

CSMR Mag Button | Apex Style | Terra Bronze

- RS

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officialrailscales · 1 year

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Our new 1.5-Slot Solo’s™ looking right at home on the MP5K.

• QTR™ Stop | Carbon Black • RSBM-P™ Grip | Black • 1.5-Slot Solo’s™ | MiniDot Texture

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officialrailscales · 1 year

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🌑

Anchor® Grip | Carbon Black

XOS-H® 3-Slot G10 MLOK Scale | MiniDot Texture

XOS-H® 4-Slot G10 MLOK Scale | MiniDot Texture

QDX® Sling Mount | Carbon Black

- RS

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officialrailscales · 2 months

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9.0” 300BLK LT / 9.0” 5.56 LT

Left Setup | 9.0” 300BLK SPEAR LT

RSBM-P Grip | Sniper Grey

HTP XOS-W 3.5-Slot MLOK Scale | Matrix Texture | Sniper Grey

HTP XOS-H 3.5-Slot MLOK Scale | Matrix Texture | Sniper Grey

QDX Sling Mount | Carbon Black

MCX CSMR Button | Carbon Black

Right Setup | 9.0” 5.56 SPEAR LT

RSBM-P Grip | OD Green

HTP XOS-W 3.5-Slot MLOK Scale | MiniDot Texture | OD Green

HTP XOS-H 3.5-Slot MLOK Scale | MiniDot Texture | OD Green

QDX Sling Mount | Carbon Black

MCX CSMR Button | Carbon Black

- RS

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officialrailscales · 5 months

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Corporate needs to you to find the differences between this 9.0” LT and this 9.0” LT

Left Setup | 9.0” 300BLK SPEAR LT

RSBM-P Grip | Sniper Grey

HTP XOS-W 3.5-Slot MLOK Scale | Matrix Texture | Sniper Grey

HTP XOS-H 3.5-Slot MLOK Scale | Matrix Texture | Sniper Grey

QDX Sling Mount | Carbon Black

MCX CSMR Mag Button | Carbon Black

Right Setup | 9.0” 5.56 SPEAR LT

RSBM-P Grip | OD Green

HTP XOS-W 3.5-Slot MLOK Scale | MiniDot Texture | OD Green

HTP XOS-H 3.5-Slot MLOK Scale | MiniDot Texture | OD Green

QDX Sling Mount | Carbon Black

LEAF DBAL-A3 Sight | Carbon Black

MCX CSMR Mag Button | Carbon Black

- RS

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