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lacronicacoruna1 · 4 years

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El antes y después de las “boy bands” más populares de las últimas décadas

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Por primaveras hemos trillado la transformación de las “boy bands” (bandas de chicos) a través de las trivio de sus canciones, coreografías, videos musicales y vestimentas. Desde los primaveras 70, han aparecido un sinfín de grupos de muchachos, que van desde Jackson Five a New Kids On The Block y One Direction. ¿Cuánto han cambiado estos grupos? ¿Qué hacen en la hogaño? Estas son algunas de las grandes inquietudes de quienes añoran a esos “jovencitos” por los que rieron, lloraron, gritaron, bailaron y cantaron sin temor.

Genial.guru investigó sobre las “boy band” más importantes y elaboró una tira con su antes y después.

1. Jackson Five

Los Jackson 5, hoy conocidos como The Jacksons, es considerada como la primera costado de chicos de la historia y estuvo formada por cinco talentosos hermanos: Marlon, Jackie, Michael, Randy y Tito. Destacaron entonces por su música que mezclaba los géneros R&B, pop, funk y pop rock, y por las voces de dos de sus integrantes: Michael Jackson y Jermaine Jackson. Michael fue el más popular del familia y el que mejor carrera como solista tuvo, tras dejar a sus hermanos. Jackson 5 se disolvió formalmente en 1990 y retornó a los escenarios en 2008.

2. Menudo

Menudo fue uno de los grupos de varones más famosos e importantes de América Latina, así como la cuna de reconocidos artistas como Ricky Martin, Robi Draco Rosa y Johnny Lozada. Los primaveras 80 fue su época dorada y de ahí en delante la popularidad comenzó a descender. A mediados de los 90, los derechos de Menudo fueron vendidos y se derivó un nuevo familia llamado MDO. Finalmente, Menudo tuvo término en 2009 y sus exintegrantes comenzaron a realizar otros proyectos. Por ejemplo, de 1998 a 2015, Ray, René, Charlie, Johnny, Miguel y Ricky Meléndez formaron una agrupación convocatoria El Reencuentro. Ahora, en 2020, otros exmiembros de Menudo estarán participando en una expedición mundial denominada “Súbete a mi moto”. En todo el tiempo en que Menudo estuvo activo, vendió cerca de 20 millones de discos en todo el mundo.

3. New Kids on the Block (NKOTB)

Esta es otra de las bandas populares de los primaveras 90 y pionera en el crecimiento de las denominadas “boy band”. Desde su formación en 1984, nunca cambiaron alguno de sus integrantes y estuvieron activos hasta 1994, regresando en 2008 a la hogaño. New Kids on the Block hizo el camino para que aparecieran otros grupos como Take That, Backstreet Boys, Five o NSYNC. Desde que volvieron al ruedo, NKONTB ha aumentado las cifras en ventas de sus discos que ya supera los 175 millones de copias.

4. Take That

Los originarios de Inglaterra iniciaron su carrera en la término de los 90, hasta que uno de los miembros más famosos, Robbie Williams, abandonó el familia en 1995. En 2005, decidieron retornar, claro, sin Robbie. Sin requisa, él se sumaría en 2010, pero no de forma total, ya que quería continuar con su carrera como solista. Actualmente, el familia se mantiene como un trío con Gary Barlow, Mark Owen y Howard Donald, pues Jason Orange se fue en 2014. Vendieron cerca de 45 millones de discos en todo el mundo.

5. Backstreet Boys

La costado formada en 1993 logró la popularidad mundial en 1997 con su libro “Backstreet’s Back” y continuaron con el idilio hasta el 2000, año en que decidieron tomar un refrigerio por tres primaveras. Entre 2005 a 2009 lanzaron tres discos y en 2011, el familia se unió a New Kids on the Block para realizar una expedición mundial. Además, lanzaron juntos un disco llamado “NKOTBSB”. Se mantienen vigentes a la plazo y es considerado como uno de los grupos de chicos más influyente en la historia de la música. Hasta ahora, han vendido más de 130 millones de discos en el mundo.

6. NSYNC

Este familia de cinco chicos tuvo una gran popularidad desde finales de los 90 y principios del nuevo milenio. En 2002 anunciaron una pausa temporal, la que fue aprovechada por dos de sus miembros; Justin Timberlake y JC Chasez, quienes comenzaron a trabajar en sus proyectos como solistas. En 2007, otro de los integrantes del familia Lace Bass, confirmó la separación definitiva de NSYNC y dos primaveras más tarde, JC dijo para MTV que de ningún modo volverían a reunirse. Ahora en 2020, Backstreet Boys dejó abierta la posibilidad de realizar una gira mundial con ellos. En su período de actividad llegaron a vender 56 millones de copias de sus álbumes de estudio.

7. MDO

MDO es un familia que derivó de Menudo, luego que los derechos de la marca fueran vendidos a una productora panameña. Los integrantes de ese entonces Abel Talamántez, Pablo Portillo, Alexis Grullón, Anthony Galindo, Didier Hernández y Daniel René Weider, se hicieron con la éxito gracias a la canción “Me huele a soledad” y seguidamente con “Te quise olvidar”. Luego de difundir su primer libro en inglés, Caleb Avilés se fue del familia, obligando al resto a tomar una pausa. Uno de los integrantes más populares fue Abel Talamántez, quien luego de la ruptura, migró a la cumbia al participar con Kumbia Kings. En 2018, Alexis, Abel, Pablo y Didier decidieron unirse con el propósito de recuperar el tiempo perdido.

8. Five

La banda británica igualmente conocida como 5ive se formó en 1997 y alcanzó una gran popularidad en Europa y algunos países de América Latina. En 2001, se disolvieron como familia a pesar del tremendo éxito con el que contaban. Para 2006 se reunieron nuevamente, pero todo duró solo 7 meses. En 2012, lo intentaron por segunda vez, pero sin la presencia de Jason “J” Brown. De esa forma, Scott Robinson, Ritchie Neville, Richard ’Abs’ Breen y Sean Conlon iniciaban una nueva etapa de Five, solo hasta 2014 cuando Richard informó desde Twitter que dejaba el familia. Actualmente, Conlon, Neville y Robinson continúan con el esquema. Para cuando se separaron por primera vez, habían vendido cerca de 10 millones de copias en todo el mundo.

9. Westlife

Westlife es una banda de chicos originaria de Irlanda que partió a mediados de 1998. Su éxito mundial llegó tras el tirada de su libro homónimo “Westlife” y catapultaron su carrera al versionar la canción de Billy Joel “Uptown Girl”. En 2004, Brian McFadden, abandonó el familia, pero el resto de músicos siguió hasta 2011. Ya en 2018 se juntaron y lanzaron un nuevo disco que incluye una canción escrita por Ed Sheeran. A la plazo han vendido cerca de 40 millones de discos.

10. Boyzone

Este cuarteto irlandés que comenzó su carrera en 1993, fue uno de los más populares de Irlanda y Reino Unido y logró entregar cerca de 20 millones de discos. Además, fue considerada como la segunda mejor costado de chicos en Gran Bretaña, por detrás de Take That. Para 1999, se habían separado, lo que dio principio a la carrera como solista de uno de sus integrantes más populares, Ronan Keating. En 2007, Boyzone regresó con el fin de realizar una expedición, pero dos primaveras más tarde Stephen Gately, otro de los integrantes del familia, falleció por causas naturales en España, poco que impactó tremendamente en los integrantes. En 2018, como parte de su 25 aniversario, lanzaron un disco y realizaron una gira que culminó en 2019 con una separación definitiva.

11. 98 Degrees

A pesar de que no lograron alcanzar el éxito de otras “boy band”, 98 Degrees tuvo álgidos momentos que les llevó a entregar cerca de 10 millones de discos. El cuarteto conformado por Nick Lachey, Drew Lachey, Justin Jeffre y Jeff Timmons tomó un refrigerio en 2003, tiempo que sirvió para la realización de proyectos personales. Sin duda, Nick Lachey fue uno de los miembros más famosos del cuarteto e incrementó su éxito con discos en solitario y al participar en el programa de telerrealidad de MTV Recién casados con su exesposa Jessica Simpson. El familia estuvo varios primaveras sin desempolvar los detalles sobre sus trabajos, lo que hizo pensar en una ruptura definitiva. Sin requisa, tras comenzar a apoyar actividad en varias redes sociales, confirmaron en 2012 su regreso, el que se ha mantenido hasta ahora.

12. Boyz II Men

Este distinguido familia de R&B y soul se fundó en 1988 con cuatro integrantes, los que alcanzarían el éxito musical durante la primera término de los primaveras 90. Boyz II Men es considerado como uno de los grupos más influyentes de todos los tiempos y a la plazo continúa actuando, pero como trío, pues en 2003 Michael McCary dejó el familia por padecer de escoliosis.

13. O-Town

O-Town es un grupo de chicos que se formó en el 2000 a través de un programa de telerrealidad de ABC (seguidamente de MTV) llamado Making the Band. Justo en esa época, la éxito de muchas bandas de hombres no era tan popular y por eso se disolvieron en 2003. En ese período, los integrantes del familia exploraron sus carreras como solistas, siendo Ashley Parker Angel al que mejor le fue. En 2011, comenzaron los rumores de un refriega, pero sin la presencia de Ashley. No fue hasta 2013 que regresaron a los escenarios y a la plazo O-Town se mantiene vivo con Erik-Michael Estrada, Trevor Penick, Jacob Underwood y Dan Miller.

14. One Direction

One Direction es una “boy band” formada en 2010 en Inglaterra, mediante el software The X Factor. Harry Styles, Liam Payne, Zayn Malik, Niall Horan y Louis Tomlinson audicionaron de guisa particular en el show y fueron eliminados, pero recibieron la sugerencia de Nicole Scherzinger (jueza del software) para que se convirtieran en familia. De esa forma, participaron como One Direction en The X Factor, donde alcanzaron un tercer emplazamiento. Sin requisa, la suerte estaba de su flanco, pues se hicieron tremendamente populares y en 2011, gracias al apadrinamiento recibido por el productor musical Simon Cowell, firmaron un arreglo y lanzaron su primer disco, el que fue un éxito mundial. En 2015, Zayn Malik anunció su retiro y el familia continuó hasta la impresión de su botellín y extremo libro. A la plazo se mantiene inactivo y cada miembro trabaja en sus proyectos personales.

15. CNCO

CNCO es una “boy band” latina formada en 2015 a través de un software de televisión de Univisión llamado La Banda, que fue creado por Simón Cowell, quien buscaba nuevos talentos para convertirlos en fenómenos musicales. Tras varios desafíos internamente del show, Christopher Vélez, Richard Camacho, Zabdiel de Jesús, Joel Pimentel y Erick Colón se consagraron como los ganadores. CNCO consiguió un arreglo para registrar su primer disco bajo la producción de Wisin. Además, contaron con la representación de Ricky Martin. Se mantienen activos a la plazo y mantienen una gran popularidad.

¿Cuál de todos estos grupos te llegó a deleitar más? ¿Todavía cantas alguna de sus canciones? ¡Comparte tus expresiones y canciones favoritas más debajo en los comentarios!

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from La Crónica Coruña https://lacronicacoruna.com/el-antes-y-despues-de-las-boy-bands-mas-populares-de-las-ultimas-decadas/

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lacronicacoruna · 4 years

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El antes y después de las “boy bands” más populares de las últimas décadas

Compártelo en Facebook

Tuitéalo

Genial.guru investigó sobre las “boy band” más importantes y elaboró una tira con su antes y después.

1. Jackson Five

2. Menudo

3. New Kids on the Block (NKOTB)

4. Take That

5. Backstreet Boys

6. NSYNC

7. MDO

8. Five

9. Westlife

10. Boyzone

11. 98 Degrees

12. Boyz II Men

13. O-Town

14. One Direction

15. CNCO

¿Cuál de todos estos grupos te llegó a deleitar más? ¿Todavía cantas alguna de sus canciones? ¡Comparte tus expresiones y canciones favoritas más debajo en los comentarios!

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from La Crónica Coruña https://lacronicacoruna.com/el-antes-y-despues-de-las-boy-bands-mas-populares-de-las-ultimas-decadas/

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356mission · 7 years

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List of artists who have participated in exhibitions at 356 Mission: 2013 Laura Owens Math Bass Mike Bouchet Sarah Braman Sara Clendening Barry Johnston Kricket Lane Daniel McDonald Pentti Monkkonen Matt Paweski Jennifer Rochlin Colin Snapp Jessica Stockholder Oscar Tuazon Daniel Turner Amy Yao Eric Palgon Yshai Yudekovitz Nicholas Arehart Bridget Batch + Kevin Cooley Danielle Bustillo Joey Cannizzaro Jamie Hilder Meghan Gordon Becca Lieb Mindy Lu David Sikander Muenzer Bryne Rasmussen-Smith + Andrew Smith-Rasmussen Tatiana Vahan Sturtevant Shimon Minamikawa 2014 John Kaufman Scott Reeder Oliver Payne Yuki Kimura Alex Katz Michael Dopp, Calvin Marcus, and Isaac Resnikoff Trevor Shimizu Becca Albee Brody Albert and Kaeleen Wescoat-O'Neill Lilly Aldriedge Katie Aliprando Mark Allen Dewey Ambrosino Marie Angeletti Eika Aoshima Jonathan Apgar Cory Arcangel Jacinto Astiazaran Lisa Anne Auerbach John Baldessari Judie Bamber Ray Anthony Barrett Peter Barrickman Darcy Bartoletti Math Bass Stephen Berens Jennifer Berger Molly Berman Cindy Bernard Amy Bessone Lucas Blalock Seth Bogart Jennifer Bolande Joseph Bolstad Elba Bondaroff Marco Braunschweiler Brian Bress Brian Briggs and Laura Copelin Delia Brown Sally Bruno Edgar Bryan Elizabeth Bryant Jedediah Caesar Jedediah Caesar and Kate Costello (Extraterrestrial) Sarah Cain Kristin Calabrese Ingrid Calame Ross Caliendo Joshua Callaghan Brian Calvin Andrew Cannon Ben Carlson Jae Choi Milano Chow Donna Chung Jonathan Clarke Sara Clendening Justin Cole Kelly Marie Conder Matt Connors Vanessa Conte Alika Cooper Liz Craft Meg Cranston Cameron Crone CH Cummings Lila De Magalheas Dave Deany Michael Decker Gracie DeVito Michael Dopp Katie Douglass Lauren Dudko Julia Dzwonkoski and Kye Potter Mari Eastman Brad Eberhard Clifford Eberly Shannon Ebner Benjamin Echeverria Ken Ehrlich Alyse Emdur Karl Erickson Ron Ewert Ann Faison Cayetano Ferrer Gabrielle Ferrer Luke Fischbeck Katy Fischer Morgan Fisher Jesse Fleming Maya Ford Simone Forti Brendan Fowler Magdalena Suarez Frimkess Erik Frydenborg Francesca Gabbiani and Eddie Ruscha Nikolas Gambaroff Kathryn Garcia John Geary Veronica Gelbaum Rashell George Laeh Glenn Samara Golden Piero Golia Sayre Gomez Hannah Greely Justin John Greene Cassandre M. Griffin Katie Grinnan Mark Grock Julian Gross Karin Gulbran Jamal Gunn Becker Karl Haendel Mark Hagen Rick Hager Kate Mosher Hall Kevin Hanley Justin Hansch Peter Harkawik Jenny Hart Jeff Hassay Michael Henry Hayden and Anthony Lepore Carol Hendrickson James Herman Nick Herman Roger Herman Marcus Herse Paul Heyer Ian Hokin Evan Holloway Violet Hopkins and Foxy Production Jonathan Horowitz Amy Howden-Chapman Joe Hoyt Melissa Huddleston Cannon Hudson Amy-Claire Huestis Raymie Iadevaia Mitsuko Ikeno Daniel Ingroff Charles Irvin Alex Israel James Iveson Johanna Jackson Dain Johnson Kathleen Johnson Barry Johnston Emily Joyce E'wao Kagoshima Stanya Kahn Glenn Kaino, Sadie Kaino, and Stella Kaino Raffi Kalenderian Sanya Kantarovsky Matt Keegan Michael John Kelly Sean Kennedy Julie Kirkpatrick Karen Kilimnik Tom Knechtel Keith Rocka Knittel Rebecca Kolsrud David Korty Greg Kozaki Max Krivitzky Cyril Kuhn Rosina Kuhn Andrew Kuo Shio Kusaka Joel Kyack Molly Larkey Elad Lassry Tom Lawson William Leavitt Ann Leese Sarah Lehrer-Graiwer Alex Lemke Julia Leonard Anthony Lepore Sharon Lockhart Nick Lowe Tim Lokiec Andrea Longacre-White Anaïs Lozano Christopher Lux Caleb Lyons Matt MacFarland Ashley Macomber Tobias Madison Becca Mann Josh Mannis Chloé Maratta Calvin Steele Marcus Frank Masi Max Maslansky Katie S. McCauley and Bradly D. Fischer Danny McDonald Ross McLain Alex Meadows Jason Meadows Mieko Meguro Dain Mergenthaler Matt Merkel Hess and Conrad Merkel Donato Mezzenga Dianna Molzan Pentti Monkkonen Rebecca Morris Jane Moseley Hanne Mugaas Joshua Nathanson Davida Nemeroff Ruby Neri Ryan O'Halloran Tara Jane O'Neil J.D. Olerud Silke Otto-Knapp Robin Paravecchio and Ignacio Genzon Michael Parker John Parot Jane Parshall Julia Paull Mary Pearson Andrew Hirsch Perlman Jon Pestoni Primo Pitino Todd Pleasants Megan Plunkett Monique Prieto Jon Pylypchuk Chadwick Rantanen Sarah Rara Josh Reames Isaac Resnikoff Michael Rey John Riepenhoff Carolyn Pennypacker Riggs Shelby Roberts Jennifer Rochlin Ry Rocklen Torbjorn Rodland Mark A. Rodriguez Alix Ross & Morgan Ritter Amanda Ross-Ho Amanda Ross-Ho and Erik Frydenborg with Jorge, Mother, and Bud Nancy Sandercock Melinda Sanders Aaron Sandnes Rachelle Sawatsky Asha Schechter Carolee Schneeman Max Schwartz Zach Schwartz John Seal David Benjamin Sherry Peter Shire Flannery Silva Alex Slade Ryan Sluggett Alexis Smith Barbara T. Smith Jen Smith Joe Sola Frances Stark Linda Stark Jason Starr A.L. Steiner LeRoy Stevens Kate Stewart Thaddeus Strode Ricky Swallow Jordyn Sweet Martine Syms Tara Tavi Paul Theriault Amanda Tollefson Beatrice Valenzuela Monique Van Genderen Sigrid Vejvi Mark Verabioff Laura Vitale Erika Vogt Amy Von Harrington Christine Wang Mary Weatherford Michael Webster Benjamin Weissman John Wesley Brica Wilcox Chris Wilder Elise Marie Wille Lisa Williamson Lena Wolek Nate Wolf Jonas Wood Suzanne Wright Aaron Wrinkle Wendy Yao Jason Yates Michael Zahn Bari Ziperstein Jesse Fleming Larry Sultan André-Pierre Arnal Pierre Buraglio Louis Cane Noël Dolla Daniel Dezeuze Christian Jaccard Jean-Michel Meurice Bernard Pagés Jean-Pierre Pincemin Patrick Saytour Claude Viallat 2015 Anna Helm Lisa Lapinski Jay Chung & Q Takeki Maeda Lisa Anne Auerbach Lucky deBellevue Rochelle Feinstein Dane Johnson Jane Kaplowitz Max Krivitzky Ann Leese Cary Leibowitz Paul McMahon Rob Pruitt Sam Roeck Ruth Root Jason Rosenberg Theo Rosenblum + Chelsea Seltzer Joe Scanlan Lena Wolek Sam Anderson Becca Albee Eric Wesley Ben Vida Katy Fischer Kerry Tribe Graham Lambkin Shahryar Nashat Seth Bogart Nancy Lupo and Molly McFadden Rebecca Morris Gary Indiana 2016 Susan Cianciolo Seth Price Wayne Koestenbaum Lutz Bacher Chris Domenick & Em Rooney Wu Tsang Maggie Lee Eric VVysokan John Seal 2017 Trisha Baga Brian Sharp David Reed Henning Bohl C-Brushammer COBRA Daisuke Fukunaga Naotaka Hiro Ken Kagami Veit Laurent Kurz Soshiro Matsubara Puppies Puppies Stephen G. Rhodes Trevor Shimizu Yosuke Takayama Yuji Agematsu Nancy Arlen Jeremy Anderson Hans Bellmer Bill Bollinger Lee Bontecou Robert Breer Dan Burkhart Cameron Nicolas Ceccaldi Magalie Comeau Tony Conrad Jay DeFeo Michaela Eichwald Agustin Fernandez Terry Fox Ilka Gedő Jean-Léon Gérôme Bill Hayden Matt Hoyt Steve Keister Mike Kelley William Leavitt Lee Lozano Robert Mallary Harold Mendez Henri Michaux Eric Orr Tom Rankin Deborah Remington John Singer Sargent Michael E. Smith Unica Zürn Jacqueline Kiyomi Gordon

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sogivemecoffeeandtvhistory · 7 years

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Menendez Mania

All happy families are alike; each unhappy family is unhappy in its own way. – Leo Tolstoy

Who knows what really goes on within a family? – Beverly Hills Police Chief Marvin Iannone

One of television’s great contributions is that it brought murder back into the home, where it belongs. – Alfred Hitchcock

Ever since Sophocles wrote about the ancient Greek tragedy of Oedipus, who fulfilled the prophecy that he would kill his father and marry his mother, there has been a history of morbid fascination with the disturbing and unusual act of parricide.

According to a Justice Department report on homicide patterns and trends in the U.S. from 1980 to 2008, parricide is the fastest growing category of family homicide, increasing 9.7% in 1980 to 13% in 2008. A study on the characteristics of offenders and victims that was published in Aggressive and Violent Behavior found, “Most parricides involve single-victim, single-offender situations, with firearms more likely to be used against fathers than mothers.” The study also observed that patricidal offenders are “processed differently by the criminal justice system” because youths are presented as “prosocial individuals who feared for their lives” while adults “have typically been presented as suffering from a severe mental disorder.”

The case of Lyle and Erik Menendez, who gunned down their parents as they watched television in the den of their multimillion-dollar Beverly Hills home on a quiet Sunday evening in August 1989, is an anomaly in every sense. Lyle and Erik were 21 and 18, respectively, when they murdered their father Jose, 45, a Cuban émigré and self-made corporate executive in the entertainment industry, and Mary Louise “Kitty”, 47, with a total of 15 shots. While the brothers’ subsequent profligate and indiscriminate spending of their parents’ estate on ill-advised business ventures and apartments and luxury items raised eyebrows, they were not arrested until nearly seven months after the murders due to what was diplomatically reported at the time as new evidence “involving conversations with a psychologist in Beverly Hills”. The legal debate over the admissibility of the evidence meant the brothers would not be indicted on the murder charges until December 1992. The evidence was a taped confession from the brothers’ sessions with Dr. L. Jerome Oziel, to whom they were originally referred to for counseling by a therapist Kitty was seeing after Erik was implicated in a pair of burglaries in the area and to whom Erik confessed. While Oziel’s tapes and notes pointed to threats from Lyle and Erik that violated doctor-patient confidentiality, it was not Oziel who went to the police but a woman named Judalon Smyth, his mistress, who met with Beverly Hills detectives on March 5, which was the day after Oziel broke up with her, and revealed she was asked to eavesdrop on and record the brothers’ confession and even knew that the guns had been purchased in San Diego. The information gave police enough information for a search warrant of Oziel’s home.

The five-month trial began in July 1993 and received extensive coverage across the tabloid and mainstream media, not least of all from the relatively new cable channel Court TV. It was only the month before the trial that the defense made the bombshell disclosure that it would not contest the murder charge but instead argue that it was an act of self-defense after a lifetime of abuse. In a Los Angeles Times article on the defense published just before opening statements at the first trial, Leslie Abramson claimed for the first and last time there were 300 separate incidents of sexual abuse over 12 years. Erik ultimately testified for 10 days and Lyle for 9 nine days. When the Menendez brothers were first arraigned on the murder charges they wore suits and smirked throughout the proceeding but things had changed by the time the trial began, their healthy tans replaced with a prison pallor. They were now dressed in colorful sweaters in an attempt to make them look boyish. They burst into tears on multiple occasions as they spoke of a lifetime of abuse. The enmity between Oziel and Smyth, who were involved in separate litigation, became an all-consuming mini-drama early in the trial. Oziel, who did not choose to volunteer the information he had, ended up testifying for the prosecution, with a total of six days of testimony, which included a brutal cross-examination. Ironically, Judalon Smyth, who gave the case its’ big break, testified for the defense. She recanted and instead claimed that Oziel brainwashed her, among other bizarre allegations about the nature of their relationship.

The separate juries empaneled for each brother reached deadlocked verdicts in January 1994 and mistrials had to be declared.

As the logistics of the second trial were figured out, the Menendez case was eclipsed by the other double homicide that defined the ‘90s – the trial of O.J. Simpson for the stabbing deaths of his ex-wife Nicole Brown Simpson and her friend Ronald Goldman outside her Brentwood condominium on a relatively quiet Sunday evening in June 1994. The second Menendez trial would not begin until October 11, 1995, a little over a week after Simpson’s acquittal, and proceeded in relative obscurity until its April 1996 conclusion, when the jury reached a sentence of life without the possibility for parole. The week of the Simpson verdict, it was ruled that TV cameras would not be allowed in the courtroom for the retrial. The Simpson trial was not mentioned as a factor, but it didn’t have to be. TV cameras were originally banned from the first trial due to concerns they would be unduly intrusive, until Court TV demonstrated otherwise. The first trial had turned Court TV, as well correspondents like Terry Moran and Cynthia McFadden, into household names. It was only the second trial it carried gavel-to-gavel, following the William Kennedy Smith rape trial in 1991. But even before the ruling on the cameras, Court TV creator and then-chief Steven Brill announced the channel would instead be broadcasting The Hague’s International War Crimes Tribunal case involving charges arising from the Bosnian War.

It took two trials, three different prosecution teams, three juries, and nearly seven years to convict Lyle and Erik Menendez, who were neither in immediate danger nor afflicted with severe mental disorders when they gunned down their parents. The unusual processing of the Menendez by the criminal justice system is not a function of their anomalous crime as much as it was a function of their relative status. The fact of the matter is, justice for the wealthy is qualitatively different in a criminal situation, and the murders of both of their parents left Lyle and Erik as the sole beneficiaries of the $14 million estate. (The estate was virtually depleted by the end of the first trial.)

Does anyone really think it would have taken nearly as many resources or as much time to prosecute a shooting murder this gruesome if it had occurred in a less affluent neighborhood? Amazingly, while Lyle and Erik were questioned by the police the night of the murders, and were even asked to produce the ticket stubs after they said they were at the movies, they were not asked to submit to a routine paraffin exam to determine whether either of them had fired a gun that night.

At the heart of the Menendez case is, admittedly, a legitimate question: How much can the circumstances of one’s life justify individual responsibility and culpability in a court of law? At the time of the trials, California, a state in which a death penalty sentence is still at least a nominal possibility for a case involving multiple homicides and special circumstances, had recently amended its evidence code to allow expert testimony regarding “intimate partner battering and its effects” to be admitted in criminal cases. The Menendez case proved to be an early test of that law, which did not necessarily apply to cases of parricide. With Erik Menendez’s flamboyant and already notorious lead attorney, Leslie Abramson, at the forefront, the case became a national obsession, a sideshow filled with bizarre and surreal details of a history of sexual and physical violence and intimidation and fear and a referendum on Jose and Kitty’s parenting rather than the specifics of their murders. Former neighbors and family friends and even a few relatives were paraded before the jury to disparage Jose as demanding and cruel and Kitty as downright desperate and pathetic. One of Lyle’s former girlfriends even testified about a dinner in which she implied the family seemed afraid Kitty was poisoning the food.

It is a fact that after the arrests, Lyle and Erik read When a Child Kills, by Paul Mones, who also served as a consultant on the defense team. In the book, Mones wrote, “The heart of the parricide defense is the child abuse prosecution of the dead parent. The parent must be held accountable in death for the abuse.”

This obfuscation was a necessity, because as legitimate as it to ask how much the circumstances of one’s life can justify a criminal act, the brutality of the Menendez murders is premeditated and inexplicable.

The fact that Kitty Menendez was found on the floor by the kitchen suggests she was crawling away from Lyle and Erik, which means they had entered the house from behind, through the French doors behind the sofa. With 12-gauge Mossberg shotguns, which were obtained illegally two days before using the I.D. of one of Lyle’s former friends, the brothers murdered their parents with a total of fifteen shots, which meant they had to stop long enough to reload the guns. Jose was shot five times, including a point-blank shot in the back of the head, and Kitty was shot ten times, including four shots to the head. They were both shot in the kneecaps. The shell casings were individually removed. The brothers’ bloody clothes, and the guns and shell casings, which were never recovered, had to have been disposed of in the time between the murders and the 11:47 p.m. phone call from Lyle to the Beverly Hills Police Department reporting the carnage of the scene in between sobs.

Why the brothers murdered their parents the way they did is an ultimately unknowable question but a haunting one. Erik testified at trial, “As soon as I burst through the doors, as soon as I saw them, I just immediately started firing. I didn't stop and look around. I just started firing.” Is that really true? Were there really no words exchanged after Lyle and Erik opened the doors and their parents turned around? It’s well known that, with his friend Craig Cignarelli, Erik wrote a 66-page screenplay called Friends, about a character named Hamilton Cromwell who murders his parents after learning he stands to inherit their $157 million fortune, and that Kitty even helped type it. After the arrests, The Los Angeles Times Magazine reported there was a second screenplay, which one source said contained details that “bear a striking resemblance to the way the murders of Jose and Kitty were actually carried out.”

There is something particularly dark and fraught about Lyle, who wore his father’s shoes to his memorial service. According to reports in Vanity Fair and Playboy, just four days before the murders, Lyle called Kitty in the main house from the guest house after midnight and initiated a long, rambling and occasionally verbally abusive conversation in which he said at one point that he did not feel like a Menendez anymore. Vanity Fair also reported that Jose once intervened to pay off Lyle’s pregnant girlfriend to abort the child. According to court documents submitted during the legal proceedings over the admissibility of Oziel’s tapes, Lyle once asked Oziel if he was afraid and when Oziel responded that he did not choose to live in fear, Lyle coldly responded, “Neither did my father.” When one of his family members questioned the molestation and child abuse defense and expressed disbelief, Lyle was said to have coolly replied, “Well, that’s the way it’s going to be.”

The Los Angeles District Attorney’s office frequently pointed to greed as a motive but, notably, the grand jury did not include the charge of committing murder for financial gain in its indictment. Certainly greed was a factor, as was hatred and resentment. Several family members would recall Jose talking about his will in the summer before the murders. One of the few public developments prior to the arrest was a December 1989 report Los Angeles Times that revealed a reference to Jose’s will was deleted from the family’s home computer after the murders.

But there had to have been other factors that led them to lie in wait, secrets that will forever stay between Lyle and Erik, along with what happened to the murder weapons and the real nature of the relationship with their parents and how that contrasted with the narrative they tried to perpetuate once they could no longer hide from the charges.

Dick Wolf is now looking for meaning in the case through the newest iteration of the Law & Order franchise, Law & Order True Crime: The Menendez Murders, which will inevitably be judged against the high bar set by Ryan Murphy’s American Crime Story: The People v. O.J. Simpson. Yet while American Crime Story provided fresh insight into the politics and implications of the sensational murder trial without an explicit opinion on Simpson’s guilt, Wolf has said outright there is “a collective agenda” to the Menendez series because he believes the brothers should have been convicted on manslaughter charges. One of the show’s main writers has said it will highlight and emphasize the brothers’ tearful testimonies in the first trial. In his testimony, Erik claimed the urgency to commit the murders that night came from the fact that “I thought he [Jose] was going to kill me that night, and I thought he was going to have sex with me first.” Along with Lyle’s testimony, which included a dramatic moment in which he claimed to have sexually abused Erik when they were children, it was considered to be a compelling performance.

It should be noted that serving as a consultant for the series is Robert Rand, a freelance journalist who covered the case extensively for the Miami Herald, The Guardian, and Playboy. He interviewed the brothers prior to their arrests and on multiple occasions in prison, along with their family and closest circles of friends. His reporting on the case is essential, along with the late Dominick Dunne of Vanity Fair and Ron Soble and John H. Johnson of the Los Angeles Times. However, Rand is unabashedly sympathetic to the Menendez brothers and their defense and during the first trial regularly squared off in Court TV segments against Dunne, who was famously pro-prosecution.

Another component of the show’s agenda, according to Wolf, is “the degree of implicit political collusion between the judge and the district attorney’s office in the second trial to ensure a conviction.” It is true that a number of rulings and decisions in the second trial favored the prosecution: One jury was empaneled rather than two, limiting the chances for reasonable doubt. Expert testimony on the “abuse excuse” defense was severely cut back, as the prosecution contested its admissibility much more vigorously. The judge rejected the defense’s claim that the death penalty should not be considered at retrial because the district attorney’s office did not seek it in the Simpson case.

The most consequential decision by Judge Stanley Weisberg, however, was to bar the “imperfect self-defense” argument for voluntary manslaughter that was permitted at the first trial, and which allowed the defense to argue that the defendants held an actual and honest but unreasonable belief that there was an imminent threat of death or deadly force was necessary. Weisberg concluded the argument did not apply because the brothers initiated the confrontation. Additionally, Weisberg limited the heat-of-passion defense to Jose. The life sentence penalties that were reached have been upheld on appeal. (Menendez: Blood Brothers, a Lifetime movie about the case released this summer that was generally forgettable, save for passable performances by Benito Martinez and Courtney Love as Jose and Kitty, also sought to depict the decisions at the second trial as being impartially unfair.)

The series will undoubtedly seek to humanize Leslie Abramson, with Edie Falco likely to earn acclaim on the scale of Sarah Paulson’s performance as Marcia Clark last year, if not quite as rapturous. Abramson, who at the time of the murders was a well-respected defense attorney who specialized in death penalty cases and who had just been elected president of California Attorneys for Criminal Justice, certainly played an influential role in setting the agenda of the trials, from referring to the adult Menendez brothers as “the boys” to commanding the courtroom in numerous flippant exchanges with the judge. She became a celebrity in her own right. She was playing to both the courtroom and Court TV during the first trial, but her performance was clearly polarizing. A Playboy profile published in between the two trials pointed out that even though the juries for both brothers deadlocked, Erik’s jury split along gender lines, with women supporting manslaughter and men supporting first-degree murder charges, while the jury empaneled for Lyle, whose defense was led by Jill Lansing and whose testimony revealed he made most of the decisions leading up to the murders, did not. And besides, as Abramson bluntly herself put in the closing argument at the first trial, “The evidence in this case does not prove that Erik killed anybody.” Lansing, who will be played by Julianne Nicholson, received a fraction of the fifteen minutes of fame, although surely she shares credit for the mistrials, to the extent that can be considered a victory for the defense. (Lansing withdrew from the case after the first trial for personal reasons and Lyle had to be represented by public defenders at his second trial, while Abramson continued on as Erik’s attorney after working out an arrangement to be paid at the same annual rate of a public defender.)

Abramson became a larger than life figure over the course of the two trials, in between which she also served as a commentator on the Simpson trial for ABC News and secured a book deal. Abramson would ultimately fall to earth, and in a particularly undignified manner. What happened was: A few months after the arrests, Abramson arranged to have Dr. William Vicary, a forensic psychiatrist, meet and assess the brothers, and he treated Erik during the first trial. Vicary would later claim that the molestation charges were not rebutted during the first trial because the forensic psychiatrists employed by the prosecution had doubts after hearing the brothers’ testimony, a charge that was contested by at least one of the experts, Dr. Saul Faerstein. (Coincidentally, Faerstein was called to examine O.J. Simpson at Robert Kardashian’s house the day of the Bronco chase, one of many curious overlaps between the two double-homicide cases.) In his testimony during the penalty phase, Vicary was led to admit that he altered and deleted portions of the notes of his sessions with Erik at Abramson’s request after the prosecution incidentally noted a discrepancy. The affected passages all pointed to premeditation, including one instance in which Erik said that in the week before the murders he felt he hated his parents and “couldn’t wait. I wanted to kill them.” They also included a passage in which Erik discussed homosexual acts with other men at a young age. Abramson, who clearly had not anticipated the development, was forced to invoke the Fifth Amendment when she was asked about possible evidence tampering. Abramson eventually thought to waive her Fifth Amendment right and instead invoke attorney-client privilege, and a gag order was briefly imposed. Abramson was eventually cleared of misconduct due to “insufficient evidence” of a violation but the damage to her reputation in legal circles was done. Abramson’s memoir, for which Simon & Schuster paid $500,000 in 1994 and which was published in 1997, was originally to be titled My Life in Crime but was released with the more restrained title The Defense Is Ready: Life in the Trenches of Criminal Law. Abramson’s career as a TV legal pundit never took off and, aside from a brief stint replacing Robert Shapiro as Phil Spector’s lawyer in the Lana Clarkson murder case, her celebrity lasted little longer than fifteen minutes. Until now, perhaps, although Abramson has said she will not watch the show and has “nothing to say. Absolutely nothing.” (So don’t expect her to accompany Edie Falco to next year’s Emmys, basically.)

Dick Wolf claims, “Your mind is going to receive information that I think will change a lot of people’s attitudes.”

Is there really anything left to disclose about this case? Possibly. The Los Angeles district attorney’s office during Gil Garcetti’s reign was an intensely relentlessly political operation. Consider the fate of David Conn, who received widespread acclaim for his handling of the prosecution of the second trial (known around the D.A.’s office as “Menendez II: The Wrath of Conn”) but went so far as to tell the Los Angeles Times in a profile that he “wouldn’t mind” being the D.A. someday and said, “Menendez wasn’t my last big trial. It’s my first.” After the profile was published, Conn was passed over for a promotion and removed as acting head of the major crimes unit. In turn, Conn backed Garcetti’s opponent in the 1996 election and became a vocal critic and shortly after Garcetti was reelected, Conn was transferred to a “routine” assignment in suburban Norwalk, which he left for private practice. (Conn died in 2006.) The pressure the D.A.’s office was facing in the second trial was significant, especially after the circus of the Simpson trial. Who knows what “implicit political collusion” that could have led to?

Is there anything that should convince people the brothers deserve a more merciful sentence? I doubt it and I am deeply skeptical of the decision to tell the baroque tale of the Menendez murders with the perpetrators as victims deserving of sympathy.

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therealpedrolee · 5 years

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The power of the three rings is ended. The time has come for the dominion of Pabst Blue Ribbon.... "Here at last, on the shores of the sea, comes the end of our fellowship." - Gandalf Shot4Shot is a drinking game with a movie problem. Actors are blind cast and scripts handed out day of the performance. Anything can happen when we tackle your favorite films! This week's selection? We return to Return of the King. Saturday at 9:30 PM – 11:30 PM The Armory 312 West 36th Street, New York, New York 10036 CAST Stage Directions... Kent Morita (debut!) Drink Ref... Matt McFadden (debut!) Frodo... Jerry Burgos Sam... Chris Bouknight Gollum/Smeagol... Sarah Kim Gandalf... Marcus Haugen Aragorn... Alyssa Davis (debut!) Legolas/Soldier 2... Rachel Clayton Gimli/Iorlas... Sonia Nam Merry... Leah Evans Pippin... Matthew A. Schrader Arwen/Soldier/Gorbag... Joel Shaughnessy Eowyn... Dominic Russo Theoden... Cara Hayes (debut!) Faramir... Jason Specland Elrond/Madril/Grimbold... Pedro Lee Galadriel/Eomer... David Steele Saruman/Elf Escort/The Witch King/Rohan Soldier/Gate Guard... Alyson Cripps Eye of Sauron/Orc Commander/Gamling/King of the Dead/Liutenant/Shelob/Rosie Cotton... Erik J. Lundstrom Treebeard/Gothmog/Ranger/Soldier 1/Rohan Marshall/Guard/Shagrat/Elanor... Collin Knopp-Schwyn Deagol/Denethor/Bilbo... Amelia Morgan (debut!) On the keys/Nazgul.. Audrey Marie Sprouse Ticket link below: https://bit.ly/2Y4DiwG (at The Tank) https://www.instagram.com/p/Bz-xsaiJuFt/?igshid=3f7uhhmga96b

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isabella880 · 4 years

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El antes y después de las “boy bands” más populares de las últimas décadas

Compártelo en Facebook

Tuitéalo

Genial.guru investigó sobre las “boy band” más importantes y elaboró una tira con su antes y después.

1. Jackson Five

2. Menudo

3. New Kids on the Block (NKOTB)

4. Take That

5. Backstreet Boys

6. NSYNC

7. MDO

8. Five

9. Westlife

10. Boyzone

11. 98 Degrees

12. Boyz II Men

13. O-Town

14. One Direction

15. CNCO

¿Cuál de todos estos grupos te llegó a deleitar más? ¿Todavía cantas alguna de sus canciones? ¡Comparte tus expresiones y canciones favoritas más debajo en los comentarios!

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from La Crónica Coruña https://lacronicacoruna.com/el-antes-y-despues-de-las-boy-bands-mas-populares-de-las-ultimas-decadas/ from La Crónica Coruña https://lacronicacoruna.tumblr.com/post/614871718352273408

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jraineygarppractical · 4 years

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301 Deaths of Staff and Officers in the RUC between 1969 and 1998. In chronological order.

Arbuckle, Victor

Donaldson, Samuel

Millar, Robert

Patterson, Cecil

Buckley, Robert

Leslie, Robert

Cunningham, Cecil

Haslett, John

Dodd, Ronald

Devlin, Alfred

Corry, Stanley

Russell, William

Hurley, Dermot

Moore, Walter

Denham, Raymond

Gilgunn, Peter

Montgomery, David

Carroll, Raymond

Morrow, Thomas

Logan, William

McAllister, Ernest

O’Neill, Bernard

Houston, David

Laverty, Robert

Nicholl, Robert

Calvin, Joseph

Keys, Robert

Nixon, James

Chambers, George

Sandford, Henry

Dorsett, David

Wilson, Mervyn

Morrison, Charles

Wylie, Raymond

Macauley, Ronald

Purvis, David

McIlveen, William

Campbell, William

Doherty, John

Megaw, Robert

Rolston, Maurice

Logue, Michael

Rodgers, John

Baggley, William

McClinton, Thomas

Wilson, Cyril

Robinson, Frederick

McCall, Thomas

Ross, John

Bell, Brian

Forsythe, John

O’Connor, Daniel

Flanagan, Peter

Elliott, William

Henderson, Arthur

Forde, Robert

McNeice, David

Coulter, George

Harrison, Mildred

Gray, Paul

Davis, Noel

Johnston, Andrew

McPherson, Robert

Love, David

Baird, Andrew

Clements, Joseph

Maxwell, Patrick

Clarke, Samuel

Evans, Clifford

Bell, George

Cummings, Neville

Blakely, James

Murtagh, William

Hamer, William

Crooks, William

Keys, Henry

Kettyles, Francis

Evans, Harry

Hunter, James

Nelson, Kenneth

McCambridge, John

Baggley, Linda

McAdam, Ronald

Johnston, George

Cush, Thomas

Heaney, James

Craig, Albert

McKay, Arthur

McCabe, Noel

Scott, Joseph

Campbell, Norman

Armour, Samuel

Greer, James

McNulty, Patrick

Harrison, Robert

McKane, Samuel

Cobb, Harold

Campbell, Joseph

Brown, William

McCracken, John

Sheehan, Kenneth

North, Robert

Martin, Hugh

Davison, Samuel

Lynch, Kenneth

Morrow, David

Simpson, Charles

Moore, John

McAllister, Millar

Struthers, Robert

McConnell, Hugh

Turbitt, William

Rankin, Jacob

Lamont, John

Donaghy, Howard

Gray, Paul

Lockhart, Robert

Baird, Richard

Webb, Noel

Prue, Norman

Wray, Stanley

Dunne, Alan

Hanna, Stanley

Thompson, Kevin

Scott, John

Walsh, George

Davidson, Derek

Davidson, Gerry

Hazelton, Stanley

Crilly, Robert

Purse, David

Rose, Joseph

Howe, Winston

Montgomery, Bernard

Magill, Stephen

Wilson, Fred

Allen, Wallace

Johnston, Ernest

McDougall, Lindsay

Stronge, James

Lewis, Charles

Scott, Alexander

Acheson, Kenneth

Martin, Gary

Ellis, Philip

Vallely, Samuel

Robinson, Mervyn

Dunlop, Colin

Kyle, Christopher

Quinn, Neal

Smyth, John

Wood, Andrew

Evans, Mark

Montgomery, Stuart

Proctor, John

Stewart, George

Beck, Alexander

Lyttle, Silas

Coulter, William

Duddy, Norman

Brown, David

Caskey, Samuel

Reeves, David

Eagleson, John

Crothers, Charles

Quinn, Sean

McCloy, Alan

Hamilton, Paul

Ewing, Garry

Irwin, Ronald

Corkey, Snowdon

Brown, Eric

Quinn, Brian

Olphert, John

Magill, Edward

Wilson, Gordon

McCormack, Lindsay

Morton, Frederick

Cathcart, Gerald

Carson, Colin

Wasson, John

Finlay, William

Ferguson, James

Hallawell, John

Martin, John

Fyfe, Stephen

McDonald, William

McFadden, John

Fitzpatrick, William

Clarke, Paul

Fullerton, William

Savage, William

Bingham, Thomas

Dawson, Michael

Elliott, Trevor

Gray, Neville

Todd, Michael

White, Malcolm

Murphy, Francis

Donaldson, Alexander

McGookin, Rosemary

Campbell, Geoffrey

Price, Denis

McFerran, Paul

McHenry, Sean

Topping, David

Dowd, John

Kelly, Ivy

McCormac, Hugh

Bell, John

Kay, Michael

Wilson, William

Rodgers, Stephen

Baird, David

Doak, Tracy

Agnew, Willis

Gilliland, William

Vance, Martin

Hanson, David

Clements, William

Gilliland, George

McCandless, James

Williams, Michael

Breen, Derek

Hazlett, James

McBride, David

Smyth, William

McVitty, John

Blackbourne, Karl

Kilpatrick, Peter

Allen, Charles

Dobbin, Desmond

Patterson, Derek

Crawford, Ivan

Nesbitt, Peter

Wilson, Austin

Bennison, John

Shaw, George

McLean, Robert

Armstrong, Frederick

Ead, David

Cooke, Thomas

McClean, Samuel

Guthrie, Robert

Kennedy, Norman

Malone, Michael

Carson, Ernest

Finlay, Winston

Armstrong, Edward

Gilmore, Colin

Graham, Clive

Warnock, John

Larmour, John

McCrone, Hugh

Monteith, William

Montgomery, Stephen

Buchanan, Robert

Breen, Harry

Black, David

Annett, Norman

Bell, Alexander

Harris, Alwyn

Marshall, Michael

Johnston, Ian

Monteith, Derek

Starrett, George

Beckett, John

Meyer, Gary

Willis, Joshua

Hanson, William

Sterritt, David

Robinson, Louis

Todd, Samuel

Murphy, David

Taylor, Thomas

Wethers, Wilfred

McGarry, Spence

McCrum, Samuel

Gillespie, Stephen

Carruthers, Douglas

Spence, Edward

Clarke, Erik

McMurray, Colleen

Douglas, James

Corbett, Alan

Warnock, Ian

Ferguson, Michael

Williamson, Reginald

Reid, Jonathan

Woods, Brian

Beacom, Andrew

Smith, Ernest

Beacom, William

Haggan, John

Pollock, Gregory

Seymour, James

Bradshaw, Darren

Taylor, Gregory

Graham, John

Johnston, David

O’Reilly, Francis

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