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¿Cómo afecta el echinococcus en perros y gatos?
¿Cómo afecta el echinococcus en perros y gatos?
Los equinococos (Echinococcus) son los parásitos internos que viven en el intestino delgado de perros, gatos, zorros y humanos. Los animales son los que actúan como hospedadores finales del gusano adulto.
Los equinococos son un tipo de tenia o cestodo; son pequeños gusanos planos que tienen el cuerpo dividido en segmentos. Su forma recuerda a las tenias clásicas o solitarias, pero son mucho más…
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The alteration of generations in the dog tapeworm (Echinococcus granulosus)
Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia: vol. 1 - Lower Animals. Written by Dr. Bernhard Grzimek. 1974.
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I'm sitting here praying that Tsuchigomori and Yako never become canon because TBHK has a track record of making every single couple in it some kind of tragedy, LEAVE ECHINOCOCCUS AND EMO SPIDER ALONE
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the beauty of microscopy IV
mus musculus (mouse) liver
infected with echinococcus multilocularis (fox tapeworm)
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It is time for a word on Echinococcus multilocularis, sometimes referred to as the fox tapeworm.
Be warned, the following will include discussion and images of a deadly parasite and its effect on the human body. TW: body horror and gore are relevant.
E. multilocularis is a rather small and unassuming tapeworm. Unlike its cousins, it is not exceptionally long.
That’s them next to a paper clip. The largest ones will only reach 6mm long. In truth, these adult worms are not the dangerous form of the parasite. These only exist in the definitive host, something like a fox or a dog.
Zooming in further, we can see the structure of this parasite. As with most parasitic works, the vast majority of its body is dedicated to reproduction. The segments of its body are called proglottids, the largest proglottid at the end is gravid which means it is full of eggs. This proglottid will eventually break off, and the previous will become gravid as a new segment is formed from the neck. The proglottids that are broken off are passed through the digestive tract and expelled with feces, after which the proglottids break down and the eggs mature. After a time, a rodent or perhaps a rabbit will accidentally consume the matured eggs while foraging or grazing. That is when things grow horrific, and in the case of the rabbit or mouse, when they get eaten so the parasite can mature in the gut of a fox and live a happy parasitic worm life.
A lot of the terminology on this life cycle is a bit alienating for laymen, so to simplify: think of an oncosphere as a hatchling worm, a protoscolex is a fledgling worm, and a scolex is a juvenile. It’s not a perfect metaphor, but genuinely the life stages of cestodes are weird enough they require their own post.
You may notice another term on that chart— hydatid cyst. First and foremost, this is the part that makes my little metaphor fall apart, but it’s also where things get rather disturbing. A hydatid cyst is something like a gigantic egg sac of sorts. The oncospheres escape the intestines after hatching and travel to the liver by burrowing into the intestinal wall and accessing the bloodstream. In the liver, they encyst and multiply within the cysts such that the cysts begin to grow. In this species, the cysts cleave into new cysts as they grow too large to prevent rupture. Each cyst contains countless little proscoleces, sometimes called hydatid sand because if you cut a cyst open it looks like it has sand stuck to the walls.
This is the inside of a liver filled with hydatid cysts. Note that these cysts completely filled the liver. The most common cause of death from this parasite is liver failure for obvious reasons. These cysts have the consistency of water balloons, and usually have to be removed surgically in conjunction with anti-parasitic medication. The fragility of these cysts makes removal without rupture a very dangerous and tedious procedure in most cases.
It is most common for this parasite to infest the liver, but it has also been found to affect the lungs, heart, brain, and even the optic nerve, showing it is perhaps not all that picky.
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Now, though foxes are the favored definitive host, this parasite can also mature and produce eggs inside the bodies of cats and dogs, which is where most humans contract it. The primary way to mitigate this is to monitor your pets and not let them consume any part of wild animals, especially rodents. Getting your pet regularly seen and wormed by a vet is important, as is washing your hands well after cleaning litter boxes or backyards. This parasite can also exist in soil where fox feces has decomposed as the eggs can remain viable for a long time. Always wash your hands after gardening, and avoid touching your face when working in the yard. Fox tapeworms are almost never detected until it’s late enough to have caused serious damage.
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Don't do this at home
Reading 'What Abigail did that Summer', got to the point where she baby-carries a fox and gives it a full body cuddle...
... and did I mention I'm a large animal vet? Think James Herriot.
Dear dog co-owners Nightingale and Grant, please tell me you make sure Toby is vaccinated, de-wormed and de-fleaed/mited regularly.
- 'cause foxes shed worms (Echinococcus multilocularis, Toxocara canis, Capillaria, Alaria alata, Uncinaria stenocephala, Taenia- and Mesocestoides, Trichuris vulpis, Toxascaris leonina as well as Coccidia)
Echinococcus multilocularis is a serious problem for humans (particularly immunocompromised ones), it [quotes wiki] "primarily affects the liver by inducing a hepatic disorder similar to liver cancer, therefore becoming extremely dangerous and difficult to diagnose. If the infection metastasizes, it may spread to any other organ and could be lethal if not treated. The most common treatment for AE is to surgically remove the parasite. Since it is difficult and not always possible to remove the entire parasite, medicine such as Albendazole is utilized to keep the cyst from growing back."
- 'cause foxes transmit mange
- 'cause foxes transmit canine distemper
So, full body cuddling of foxes? Don't do this. If you absolutely can't avoid it, wash yourself and your clothes thoroughly after.
Sorry, had to get this out, pet peeve, feel better now.
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Risk factors for Echinococcus multilocularis intestinal infections in owned domestic dogs in a North American metropolis (Calgary, Alberta)
New Post has been published on https://petn.ws/lv7om
Risk factors for Echinococcus multilocularis intestinal infections in owned domestic dogs in a North American metropolis (Calgary, Alberta)
Eckert, J. et al. In WHO/OIE Manual on Echinococcosis in Humans and Animals: A Public Health Problem of Global Concern, Ch. 4 (eds Gemmell Eckert, M. A. et al.) 100–142 (World Organisation for Animal Health and World Health Organization, 2001). Google Scholar Toews, E., Musiani, M., Checkley, S., Visscher, D. & Massolo, A. A global […]
See full article at https://petn.ws/lv7om
#DogNews #Diseases, #HumanitiesAndSocialSciences, #Multidisciplinary, #RiskFactors, #Science
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The global healthcare challenge of cancer remains challenging, requiring innovative approaches to identify potential anticancer agents. The intriguing anti-tumor properties of hydatid cysts produced in their larval stage by Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus) have attracted the attention of many scientists in recent years. This review aimed to delve deeper into the in vivo anticancer effects of hydatid cyst-derived antigens and shed light on their mechanisms of action and therapeutic implications for various cancer types. Several bioactive molecules in E. granulosus antigens have shown significant anti-cancer activity in vivo. Several studies have shown that administering these antigens reduced tumor size while increasing overall survival in breast cancer models. The immune response against tumor cells in lung cancer murine models has also been enhanced by E. granulosus antigens, such as antigen B, leading to the regression of tumors and enhanced immunity. Colon cancer cells are sensitized to these antigens as indicated by in vivo studies, rendering standard chemotherapy more effective at inhibiting tumor growth. E. granulosus antigens also reduce tumor metastasis when applied to in vivo melanoma models. E. granulosus antigens have demonstrated in vivo efficacy as a potential anticancer agent, underscoring their potential as valuable therapeutic agents. There is still much to be discovered about the exact mechanisms of these antigens and their clinical applicability. However, the impressive results observed across a wide range of cancer types underscore the significance of further research into the antigens to overcome cancer in vivo. In conclusion, animal model studies reveal the promising potential of E. granulosus antigens, particularly hydatid cyst fluid, in inhibiting tumor growth in colon, breast, melanoma, and lung cancers through immune-mediated mechanisms and apoptosis induction. These findings open up new avenues for cancer therapy and immunotherapy research, emphasizing the role of parasite antigens in combatting various cancer types.
https://jlar.rovedar.com/index.php/JLAR/article/view/26
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Hydatid Disease Treatment Market - Rising Trends and Research Outlook 2024-2030 | Credence Research
The latest market report published by Credence Research, Inc. “Global Hydatid Disease Treatment Market: Growth, Future Prospects, and Competitive Analysis, 2023 – 2030. The global hydatid disease treatment market has witnessed rapid growth in recent years and is expected to grow at a CAGR of 5.6% between 2023 and 2030. The market was valued at USD XX million in 2022 and is expected to reach USD XX million in 2030.
The Hydatid Disease Treatment Market refers to the global healthcare industry segment dedicated to the development, production, and distribution of medical products and services for the treatment of hydatid disease, also known as echinococcosis. This parasitic infection is caused by the tapeworm Echinococcus, primarily Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis, and it can affect various organs in the human body, most commonly the liver and lungs.
The market for hydatid disease treatment encompasses a range of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, diagnostic tools, and surgical interventions aimed at diagnosing, managing, and curing this disease. Treatment options may include antiparasitic medications, surgical removal of cysts, and supportive therapies to address complications and associated health issues.
Hydatid Disease Treatment Market Dynamics
The hydatid disease treatment market is witnessing dynamic growth and evolving at a compelling pace. Hydatid disease, also known as echinococcosis, is a parasitic infection caused by the tapeworm Echinococcus. This formidable global health challenge has necessitated significant advancements in its treatment options, driving the progress of the hydatid disease treatment market. The rise in global awareness about this neglected tropical disease has spurred research and development activities to develop novel therapeutic interventions.
Various factors contribute to the momentum observed within this market, such as increasing government initiatives towards eradicating hydatid diseases, growing healthcare expenditure globally, and rising prevalence rates in several regions across the world. As medical expertise expands alongside technological advancements, multiple diagnostic methods are being developed for early detection of these infections which further fuel demand for effective treatments.
Additionally, collaborations between pharmaceutical companies and research institutes have materialized into robust pipelines for innovative drug candidates that promise improved efficacy with reduced side effects. With all these elements converging harmoniously within this dynamic marketplace, it holds immense potential for advancement while offering hope to patients grappling with this debilitating condition.
Some of the major players in the market and their market share are as follows:
Amneal Pharmaceuticals LLC
GSK Plc
Abbott Laboratories Inc
Merck KGaA
Janssen Global Services LLC (Johnson & Johnson Services Inc)
Lupin Limited
Cadila Pharmaceuticals Limited
Zydus Group
Mankind Pharma
Hydatid Disease Treatment Market Major Challenges and Risks
The Hydatid Disease Treatment Market poses several major challenges and risks to stakeholders involved. One of the primary hurdles is the limited availability and accessibility of effective treatment options. Currently, there are only a few drugs approved for hydatid disease treatment, and these medications often come with various side effects that may limit their use in certain patients.
Additionally, due to the rarity of this disease in developed countries, research funding and resources remain scarce, making it difficult to develop innovative therapies or conduct extensive clinical trials. Another significant challenge lies in the accurate diagnosis of this condition, as it requires advanced imaging techniques and expertise. Misdiagnosis can lead to delayed treatments or inappropriate prescriptions that may worsen the patient's condition. Furthermore, inadequate awareness among healthcare professionals about hydatid disease can result in underestimation or mismanagement of cases leading to suboptimal outcomes for patients.
Browse 246 pages report Hydatid Disease Treatment Market By Treatment Type (Medical Treatment, Antiparasitic Medications (e.g., Albendazole, Mebendazole), Surgical Treatment, Cyst Removal (Cystectomy), Cyst Aspiration and Injection of Protoscolicidal Agent (PAIR), Partial Liver Resection, Other Surgical Procedures), By Site of Infection (Hepatic Hydatid Disease (Infection in the Liver), Pulmonary Hydatid Disease (Infection in the Lungs), Other Organs (e.g., Brain, Kidneys) – Growth, Share, Opportunities & Competitive Analysis, 2023 – 2030 - https://www.credenceresearch.com/report/hydatid-disease-treatment-market
Hydatid Disease Treatment Market Partners and Acquisitions
Hydatid Disease Treatment Market partners and acquisitions play a pivotal role in shaping the landscape of this specialized healthcare sector. As researchers and pharmaceutical companies strive to develop innovative treatments, strategic collaborations become essential for maximizing expertise and resources. These partnerships often facilitate advancements in diagnostic techniques, therapeutic options, and overall patient care. Established players within the Hydatid Disease Treatment Market seek to expand their reach through targeted acquisitions, enabling them to tap into novel markets or enhance their existing product portfolios.
By joining forces with other industry leaders or emerging startups, companies gain access to cutting-edge technologies that can revolutionize the way hydatid disease is diagnosed and treated. The synergy created by these partnerships fosters collaboration between different stakeholders such as clinicians, researchers, regulatory bodies, and investors – all working towards a common goal of better outcomes for patients afflicted by this debilitating condition.
This ecosystem encourages continuous innovation while also providing a platform for sharing knowledge and best practices among market participants. Overall, the seamless integration of diverse expertise through partner collaborations ensures that the Hydatid Disease Treatment Market remains dynamic and responsive to evolving healthcare needs worldwide.
Why to Buy This Report-
The report provides a qualitative as well as quantitative analysis of the global Hydatid Disease Treatment Market by segments, current trends, drivers, restraints, opportunities, challenges, and market dynamics with the historical period from 2016-2020, the base year- 2021, and the projection period 2022-2028.
The report includes information on the competitive landscape, such as how the market's top competitors operate at the global, regional, and country levels.
Major nations in each region with their import/export statistics
The global Hydatid Disease Treatment Market report also includes the analysis of the market at a global, regional, and country-level along with key market trends, major players analysis, market growth strategies, and key application areas.
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Histopathological and Biochemical Evaluation of Albendazole in the Treatment of Infected Mice with Hydatid Cyst
Introduction: Hydatidosis, caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus, is a prevalent parasitic disease affecting both humans and animals. Albendazole is currently the most effective drug for treating hydatid cysts. This research aimed to investigate the histopathological and biochemical effects of Albendazole on the liver, lung, and kidney of mice experimentally infected by hydatid cysts.
Materials and methods: A total of 20 mice weighing approximately 220 g were used. The rats were randomly divided into the Albendazole group (100 mg/kg/day) and the control group (infected Rats without treatment). At the end of the experiment, tissue samples from the liver, lung, and kidney were collected for histopathological evaluation. Liver blood tests were used to assess liver functions or liver injury (alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, and bilirubin).
Results: After 30 days of daily treatment, the total numbers of cysts, size, and weight of the largest cyst were significantly lower in the Albendazole group, compared to the control group. The study addressed histopathological changes in the liver, kidneys, and lungs caused by hydatid cysts, such as tissue necrosis, hemorrhage, and local inflammation, indicating the potential for serious complications and significant damage to these organs. The group treated with Albendazole showed severe histopathological changes in the liver, kidneys, and lungs, compared to the control group. This suggests that Albendazole may trigger a more aggressive response in these organs to the cysts, leading to increased tissue damage. In addition, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, and bilirubin concentrations revealed a significant increase in the Albendazole group.
Conclusion: While Albendazole is an effective drug for treating hydatidosis, it can also cause severe side effects on various organs in the body. Therefore, alternative treatment strategies need to be developed to minimize these adverse effects.
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Влияния На Пищевод
Пищевод представляет собой мышечную трубку, соединяющую рот с желудком и играющую решающую роль в процессе глотания и пищеварения. Однако паразитарные инфекции могут оказывать сильное влияние на функцию пищевода, приводя к ряду осложнений.
Одна распространенная паразитарная инфекция, поражающая пищевод, известна как трихинеллез. Эта инфекция вызывается крошечным паразитическим червем под названием трихинелла, которого можно найти в сыром или недоваренном мясе. Когда паразит попадает в организм, он может попасть в пищевод и вызвать воспаление и повреждение тканей, что приводит к таким симптомам, как затрудненное глотание, боль в груди и изжога.
Еще одна паразитарная инфекция, которая может поражать пищевод, известна как эхинококкоз. Эта инфекция вызывается ленточным червем под названием Echinococcus, который может быть обнаружен в кишечнике собак и других животных. Когда паразит попадает в организм, он может образовывать кисты в тканях пищевода и других органов, что приводит к таким симптомам, как затрудненное глотание, боль в груди и кашель.
Паразитарные инфекции также могут оказывать значительное влияние на общее состояние здоровья пищевода. Хронические инфекции могут привести к воспалению и повреждению тканей, что может вызвать рубцевание и сужение пищевода. Это может привести к ряду осложнений, включая затрудненное глотание и застревание пищи в горле.
Важно отметить, что многие паразитарные инфекции, поражающие пищевод, можно предотвратить путем правильного обращения с пищевыми продуктами и их приготовления. Тщательное приготовление мяса и отказ от употребления в пищу недоваренного мяса может помочь предотвратить такие паразитарные инфекции, как трихинеллез.
Если вы подозреваете, что у вас паразитарная инфекция, поражающая пищевод, важно незамедлительно обратиться за медицинской помощью. Ранняя диагностика и лечение могут помочь предотвратить распространение инфекции и снизить риск осложнений.
В заключение следует отметить, что паразитарные инфекции могут оказывать значительное влияние на функцию пищевода, приводя к ряду острых и хронических осложнений. Тем не менее, многие паразитарные инфекции можно предотвратить путем правильного обращения с пищевыми продуктами и их приготовления. Давайте работать вместе, чтобы укрепить здоровье пищевода и предотвратить распространение паразитарных инфекций.
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What do you think of warehouse cats? My workplace is basically a huge storage of dried food products and mice are inevitable but we have four trapped neutered feral cats caught outdoors now living in the facility which have greatly reduced the incidence of mice. The cats don't have to interact with people at all, but get fed and get vet care. They do kill mice mostly at night and we dont need to use poisons now.
If they are locked in the warehouse that’s fine for wildlife I suppose, but you are very likely being exposed to toxoplasma pretty regularly. Possibly Echinococcus depending on what part of the world you’re in.
Cats host multiple parasites relevant to human health, and many of these parasites are directly from eating rodents. This is why they are not generally a good fit for rodent control.
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Deadly tapeworm infection can be contracted by consuming unwashed berries, fruits and uncooked meat
The dangerous Echinococcus tapeworms E. granulosus and E. multilocularis, particularly E. oligarthrus and E. vogeli, are the primary cause of echinococcosis, a zoonotic parasitic disease.
The feces of both domestic and wild animals with this small (about 2 mm) but incredibly dangerous tapeworm infection contain its eggs (foxes, wolves or dogs and cats). They find themselves in the brush with…
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