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tthael · 4 years

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What are your thoughts on trans eddie? I love it bc I'm trans and eddie is like one of my comfort characters. Since you're the best writer I've ever seen I'm curious on your thoughts.

Thank you, that’s so nice! I also have some Gender Trouble (transmasc isn’t quite the right word) and I think about gender dynamics a lot, and I think Eddie in particular has an interesting relationship with his masculinity in canon that makes him ripe for this kind of analysis.

Back when I was mostly interested in Hobbit fanfiction, I read a lot of good fics that played around with the gender dynamics of the characters; so while I know that genderswap fics can be a hot button issue because of transphobia and accompanying dynamics, I do like those stories when they’re well-written and taken seriously. For instance, this Dwalin/Nori fic by @thorinsmut features a genderfluid pirate captain and an identity porn romance during the Golden Age of Sail (https://archiveofourown.org/works/1861419) and it’s one of my all-time favorite fanfictions (content warnings for violence against animals, discussion of sexual assault, explicit sex, and a genderfluid character experiencing dysphoria). I tend to prefer always-a-different-sex fics, but I’ve also read a couple of a-wizard-did-it fics, like this Coulson/Hawkeye fic by amireal (https://archiveofourown.org/works/1173773) from back when I was into marvel (content warnings for internalized homophobia, explicit sex, and workplace harassment). I myself have had an idea for a while about a Hunger Games genderswap fic where, because 1 girl and 1 boy are always sent to the Games, Katniss can’t volunteer to go in his sister’s place, but he can volunteer to go in Peeta’s place because he plans to die to save Prim.

So, if we accept that gender essentialism treats children assumed to be girls and children assumed to be boys differently (which it does), I think that a transman!Eddie would have a slightly different experience growing up. Canon Eddie has a sort of glass closet going on and a lot of his childhood bullying is homophobic, and it’s implied that this is because he’s not performing masculinity to the expected level. Also Sonia’s abuse focuses on illness, injury, and contamination. She wants Eddie to be “safe” (goes into hysterics when he tries to get his feet scanned at a shoe-store because of the radiation), but she also wants him to be “clean” and “good to his mother.” Especially in the 90s miniseries and the Muschietti movies that take place in 1989 and 2016, a lot of that is coded to involve the AIDS epidemic, needles, and fears of transmission, which means that there’s an element of homophobia to Sonia’s influence. Also, Sonia canonically sex-shames Beverly, calling her “a dirty girl” and saying that she knows all about her, specifically singling her out of the whole group of Losers. There’s an element of sexual protection to her emotional abuse, as well as just a general unwillingness to let Eddie leave the house or get free of her control.

So if we reverse this dynamic and Eddie is a transboy, I think that the pressures he would experience would involve him not performing femininity correctly as a child, because he’s a boy. Eddie would still be very polite and somewhat soft-spoken and dreamy, and he’d be squeamish about bullies belching in his face and Richie playing in the sewers, just like he is in canon; but I think that his discomfort with his traditionally “feminine” responses would come from him instead of externally now. I’d have him lean harder into his traditionally “masculine” interests--cars and trains and other vehicles of getting away from his mother--and I’d have Sonia be even more aggressive towards Bill, Stan, and Richie, to the point of them not ever daring to enter the house the way they do in the 2017 movie because I think Sonia would be just as revolted by the idea of Eddie going around with a pack of boys as she is by Beverly in canon. I think that Sonia would be very invested in Eddie’s appearance, probably pressuring him about his hair and the way that he dressed, probably preferring him to wear skirts and nice clothes instead of things that he could wear to ride a bike or go running around in the Barrens in. I think that there would be a greater element of sexual shaming and body- and weight-policing to Sonia’s abuse, with elements of her wanting to protect Eddie’s “virtue” from “those dirty boys.” @pineapplecrushface wrote an always-women AU Nightingale (https://archiveofourown.org/works/24979312) and while Richie and Eddie are women in this story so it’s not the trans Eddie fic you are looking for, I think that the mentions of Eddie’s childhood bedroom seems pretty accurate for the environment that he would grow up in if he were assigned female at birth--a pink canopy bed and looking for clothes that don’t make him “feel like a cupcake.”

Actually, I think that this might look a lot like Carrie. I know that other people have already talked about the similarities between Sonia Kaspbrak and Margaret White, but Margaret’s abuse tends to orient not just around control but also around sexual maturity and perceived virtue.

I don’t know when or to what degree Eddie would transition--I don’t know if he would take the opportunity to do it while Sonia was still living, though I believe he’d be financially stable enough to afford it very early on. It would all depend on how the writer wanted to handle Eddie’s adult life--is he married to Myra? Does Myra know that he’s trans? Do he and Myra have a sexual relationship? Does Eddie know that he’s attracted to men? Is Eddie out before he gets the call from Mike and goes to Derry? What kind of transition does he want to have, if any? There are so many things to consider and I think it would all depend on what kind of story the author wants to tell--for me, I’d probably write a story where Eddie happens to be trans, and I’ve read some good fic to that effect--Rapacious from the Very Start (https://archiveofourown.org/works/22853020) by InkandOwl (I tried to find their tumblr to tag them and couldn’t) is one of my favorites, though tbh when I read fic I’m looking for explicit sex and that seems to be the core of this series.

But yeah, I’d be down for trans Eddie fic. I think that there’s a lot to unpack there, from how Eddie’s “gazebos” confrontation with Sonia would take place because the primary issue there would not be the idea of keeping Eddie compliant and in the house as a mama’s boy, it would be the idea of keeping him locked in a tower like the witch in Rapunzel because Sonia keeps treating him like a princess; to the idea of needlephobia changing from a threat involving AIDS contamination to perhaps something empowering and self-authenticating like T injections. And Eddie’s such a well-rounded character anyway, I think that there’s a lot of room to dig into his bickering with Richie and his outward aggressiveness and see how much of that is stress and how much of that is the idea that masculinity never shows weak emotions and how much of that is Eddie is quick-witted and thinks arguing is fun. There are also several parallels between Georgie and Eddie, particularly in their relationship with Bill; I think that as a kid, Eddie would think that Big Bill is just the best role model in a real little-brother kinda way, and Sonia would be super threatened by that because she’s Eddie’s mother, Eddie’s supposed to want to be like her.

I think in general I’d be down for most trans fic, as long as it was well-written. In the book there’s an interesting passage from the perspective of Richie’s mother where she reflects on how much she wishes that she had a daughter, because she doesn’t understand Richie and Bill, and she’d feel more confident if she had a daughter she could do things with like baking cupcakes. And I think that a trans Bev would change the way that she experiences abuse from her father, who in the book prefers her to behave in a feminine way (stops being angry at her when he thinks she’s afraid of spiders, because “all girls are afraid of spiders”; becomes irate at the idea that Beverly is playing with boys; obsessive over her virginity) but would behave differently if he thought he had a son and that Bev was transgressing masculine rules.

Anyway! *hammers fist on desk* Bring me my all-trans Losers AU!

#transphobia #gender essentialism #gender roles #child abuse #emotional abuse #gendered violence

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suspiriu-m · 4 years

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About Me

Hello! My name is Sal and welcome to my blog, Suspirium! Suspirium is a word that originates from one of my favorite movies, Luca Guadagnino’s 2019 remake of Dario Argento’s classic italian horror movie Suspiria. According to World of Dictionary, Suspirium is a Latin word meaning “Deep breath, sigh”. It’s also the title of one of my favorite songs from the soundtrack to the movie produced by Thom Yorke of Radiohead. I’m a huge horror movie buff so expect to see a lot of that sort of content on my blog if I can incorporate it into any of my work. I chose this as the title of my blog because of how well the word fits into the movie, and I just love the way it sounds. Anybody who’s watched the movie will understand, but I won’t go into detail as to not spoil it for anybody who hasn’t yet seen it.

Throughout my highschool years I technically went to two schools. My main and home school was Middletown High School, and my secondary school was Orange Ulster Boces in Florida New York. In high school I was always in media production and art classes. For example, photography, video editing, drawing & painting classes and my favorite was an Elements of Horror class I took my senior year. Horror being my favorite genre, I absolutely had to take a class that’s dove into the origins of classic horror novels, films and short stories. Leading to me finding my favorite classic horror story Dracula by Bram Stoker, and a multitude of stories by H.P. Lovecraft. Continuing on now to college i’m now majoring in Media Production while also still taking some classes in Marketing and Design! I really enjoy both a lot so it’s hard to kind of pick exactly which I want to do, but it’s nice knowing that no matter what path I finally choose I'll still have some experience in the other!

Aside from my education, I love to watch horror movies and read stories in my own free time. Movies in general are a huge hobby of mine and I watch at least 3-4 a week given I have the time. Some of my favaroties of all time concerning classics have got to be the Halloween series, The Evil Dead series and all four of the Scream movies. Other hobbies of mine that take up a huge part of my life and time are video games and music. I have a pretty big record collection that’s continuously growing with at least 80-90 albums and counting. I just recently purchased a few more to add being Sade’s Diamond Life, Whitney Houston’s Whitney and Whitney Houston albums, Lazaretto by Jack White, Texas Sun by Khruangbin & Leon Bridges and Petals for Armor by Hayley Williams. Hopefully my next additions will be What’s Your Pleasure? by Jessie Ware and The Baby by Samia. I’ve been collecting them for years, but especially now since even CD’s are starting to go out of style. I’m the kind of person who still likes to have physical copies of all my music and movies and games so having such big collection is super special to me.

In terms of video games, I try and play as wide of a variety that I can because I believe I can find something I like in any genre. Strategy, shooters, brawlers, online competitive games etc, but I think my favorite style of game is single-player, narrative driven experiences. Most recently I played The Last of Us Part II and was absolutely enthralled with it. I loved the first game so much so getting a sequel was something I was extremely grateful for. I don’t think video games get enough credit for what they do for storytelling. TLOU 1 and 2 are some of my favorite stories that I have experienced in any form of media. The heartbreak, pain, love, fear and excitement those games have succeeded in giving me while just sitting in front of my TV is something no other form of entertainment has brought me. Some of the most touching moments, but also the most excruciating. They also had a queer women front and center throughout the games which is something that isn’t very common in video games so seeing that was really nice to me. Other than The Last of Us, some other solid narrative driven games I’ve played are God of War, Uncharted 1-4, Marvel’s Spider-Man, The Tomb Raider Reboots, Ghost of Tsushima, the Batman Arkham series and Control.

Although story based games are my favorites that doesn’t mean I don’t have a place in my heart for some good old fashioned fun as well! I also really enjoy a lot of the Super Mario and Legend of Zelda games as well. My biggest pet peeve that I have with the gaming industry right now though is Fortnite. I think it’s literally the most annoying game ever created. People spend hundreds and thousands of dollars just to buy skins and weapon packs and I think it’s absolutely ridiculous. The fact that I work at a major video game retailer and constantly have kids running through my store screaming about the damn game at least once a day could also contribute to my hatred. Either way, I want no part and absolutely nothing to do with it.

Going back to queer representation though. I recently watched Pose over the summer. Not only was the show heavily based during the AIDS epidemic in New York City, almost the entirety of the main cast was comprised of Transgender Black women. On prime time television! This is the first show to ever achieve such a feat. Not only was the cast extremely talented, I thought the writing and production of the show as a whole was brilliant. It definitely has its flaws and I could point out a few of them, but I believe all of the good of the show far outweighs the bad. It’s not afraid to tackle extremely real and difficult subjects the Transgender and Black communities have faced in this country and all over the world. It’s so important to see content like this on television as well because EVERYBODY deserves representation. Not only was the cast Trans, but one of the lead writers of the series Janet Mock is also a Black Trans woman! Pose was filled with heartfelt moments that truly had me sobbing in my bed as I watched. I think I actually cried at pretty much every single episode for both seasons. The cast is brilliant, the realism and talent and star power they bring to the show is like nothing that I’ve ever seen before and I’m so glad to be able to see them up on my television. I so badly one day hope that I can be behind the scenes of producing a show of this caliber some day.

While I have yet to help in the production of a show like this, I have had my fair share of of making short films, music videos and even assisting on a friend of mine’s first full length movie that he submitted to festivals. Last year, I had the opportunity to shoot a short horror film with my classmates for our final project. The film was based around a young woman getting trapped at her school in the middle of a blizzard, and slowly beginning to realize that she may not be alone. In a fight for her life, she has to survive till morning while going up against a mysterious killer who lurks the halls of her small town college. Sadly, we didn’t have enough time to produce a full and finalized cut of the film but coming together and working with a few other classmates was still a really fun experience. Not only was I able to play the role of the killer, I aided in audio, music selection, location scouting, props department, shot planning and writing the movie and it was a great time. I also had the pleasure of helping out my friend Matt Vincini in shooting his short film The Cattle Farmer. A horror/thriller film about a boy who is adopted into a family, only to realize that his life might have been planned from the start. It featured a mysterious woodland family who may or may not have had cannibalistic tendencies that included their adopted children. It was a super cool experience to be on a set with a bunch of actors and seeing my friend in action in the role of director. Collaborating on projects like this with friends is always a fun time, even it does get stressful at some points. At one point in the film, one of the characters realizes that the dinner he is currently eating could quite possible be his last meal ever. Which kinda let me to thinking what my last meal would be. After some thinking, I think i’d definitely have to choose my families homemade pasta and meatballs. I know, pretty stereotypical for an Italian family but it’s just so good. We make our own sauce every september and it’s a huge family event. Everybody comes together and one of our houses and it’s literally a whole days worth of work. The best part? At the end of the night, we all have a huge feast and make pasta and meatballs with all of the sauce we just made. It’s one of my favorite things to do with my family and always one of my favorite meals. Not only is it delicious, but also sentimental.

This is all for now! Thanks for stopping by my blog and reading a little bit about me. I could probably keep rambling on for hours but I don’t think that’s the smartest idea. I can’t wait to fill this blog with more content this year and hope to hear from you guys as well! Until then, i’ll be watching more movies and DEFINITELY playing some more games. At this point i’ve been playing the new Marvel’s Avengers video game so, let me get back to kicking some AIM ass!

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soloharryenthusiast · 7 years

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oh my god ana i finished the picture of dorian gray the unscensored version and please don't disown me but i was so...disappointed? with it. i don't know, from what people were talking about this hedonistic life he lived i was expecting like masquerade parties and orgies and a ton of drugs but all i read was how he had these obsessions with jewels and like embroidered tapestry???? maybe i was relying to heavily on what i had envision in my head !!! idk ??

I’ve been staring at the screen for a good 20 minutes writing and deleting typing and backspacing and yet here I am writing the opening sentence to what I think will be an Unnecessarily Long Reply for the umpteenth time. I apologise. It’s just that I know & love this book so intimately and effortlessly that the thought of someone being disappointed by it leaves me gobsmacked. Let’s see, let’s see.

The fact that you approached The Picture expecting explicitly illustrated instances of raw hedonism is hardly your fault. Every blurb and every ~critic’s~ insistence on classifying it as Gothic Horror would lead you to believe that this is a novel about a beautifully wicked man whose portrait grows old in his place. But that couldn’t be further from the truth. The ageing portrait, the beautiful man who never changes in appearance… that’s merely the excuse, the metaphor Oscar chose to convey a greater ideal, to serve Art, to express what Victorian society insisted on repressing. Because that’s one thing you ought to keep in mind: As brave, as beyond-his-years as Oscar was, 1880’s Victorian England was still 1880’s Victorian England. Oscar couldn’t have expanded on Dorian’s hedonism more graphically even if he wanted to, or else no one would’ve printed it in the first place. But back to basics: Nothing can cure the soul but the senses, just as nothing can cure the senses but the soul (TPODG Chapter 2). This book is an ode to the senses, a celebration of art for art’s sake. It’s not about the orgies Dorian partakes in or the drugs he experiments with or even the atrocities he commits post-Henry, it’s about everything in between. You speak of his obsession with jewels and embroidered tapestry, but this is not an obsession born from a materialistic streak in him, but from his fascination, or rather his reverential attitude towards beauty in all its forms. Dorian doesn’t love these things because they are expensive or exclusive, but because in his eyes they exist with the sole purpose of being admired. Because that’s what lies at the centre of the Aesthetic Movement - Oscar being the face of it -, the worship of beauty & pleasure above all else. That’s what lies at the centre of this book. But underneath all that the fact remains that Dorian was influenced into becoming who he eventually became, because he was forced to confront a reality that was much too great for him to bear. It’s easy to forget that once upon a time Dorian used to be good, that he wasn’t always vain and selfish and cruel. I think he often tried to forget that, too. Tried to drown out whatever remnants of his old self came knocking at his door by indulging in everything & anything worth indulging in. It was, perhaps, some of Henry’s cowardice that rubbed off on him. From Dorian Gray as a Symbolic Representation of Wilde’s Personality: “[Dorian’s] subsequent passion for objets d'art, so lengthily described in chapter XI, is simply a way ‘by which he could escape, for a season, from the fear that seemed to him at times to be almost too great to be borne’ (140). He is afraid of that side of his own personality for which he is not prepared to accept responsibility’. Take, for instance, what Dorian said to Henry about Sibyl’s suicide: “I must admit that this thing that has happened does not affect me as it should. It seems to me simply like a wonderful ending to a wonderful play. It has all the terrible beauty of a Greek tragedy, a tragedy in which I took a great part, but by which I have not been wounded”; Dorian, unable &/or unwilling to accept that his actions have moral consequences, has chosen to seek refuge in art, by choosing to see life from a purely aesthetic perspective. His sorrows are Romeo’s, his madness he borrowed from Hamlet, his joys belong to Bacchus. The Picture is, I’d say, a philosophical novel with Gothic elements to it, not the other way around. It’s a menagerie of sins disguising themselves as a thousand shades of grey (ha!). Reading this book, becoming involved in Dorian’s descent into wickedness, it’s supposed to be a subtle, almost imperceptible transition; we are, as we read The Picture, experiencing things vicariously through Dorian. The devil’s in the details. We, too, are kept away from the ever-changing portrait, charmed by Dorian’s faux naivete and bewitched by his looks. Distracted - or fooled - by ephemeral but true displays of humanity - his initial interest in Sibyl Vane, a moment of pity after Basil’s confession, ‘you must always call me Master Dorian, Leaf […] I assure you I am quite as fond of jam now as I used to be’ (chapter 8), his treatment of Alan Campbell in chapter 12, how you can feel Dorian’s pity for him, the by now out-of-character yet ultimately touching gentleness with which he treats him, even while asking him to do the unthinkable - all of these things make it so easy for us to forget about the skeletons in the closet, the picture in the attic. The chapters about the tapestry and the china and the perfumes are Oscar’s way of showing you what Dorian’s life was all about. What he gave his soul up for: Freedom of sensation. ‘TO drift with every passion till my soul Is a stringed lute on which all winds can play’. The Picture is not a graphic novel. It’s not a Horror novel. It’s not a cautionary tale. It doesn’t hand you vices & morbid obsessions & forbidden desires on a silver plate, it alludes to them, it whispers them in your ear, it offers you glimpses but never the full picture. And therein lies its charm, methinks.

The full text of Oscar’s Helas, because I think it’s relevant to Dorian’s, shall we say, predicament, and very reminiscent of the whole “Lord Henry is what the world thinks me” bit:

TO drift with every passion till my soul Is a stringed lute on which all winds can play, Is it for this that I have given away Mine ancient wisdom, and austere control?— Methinks my life is a twice-written scroll Scrawled over on some boyish holiday With idle songs for pipe and virelay Which do but mar the secret of the whole. Surely there was a time I might have trod The sunlit heights, and from life’s dissonance Struck one clear chord to reach the ears of God: Is that time dead? lo! with a little rod I did but touch the honey of romance— And must I lose a soul’s inheritance?

#this is very long and all over the place i'm sorry it's late and there's So Much i want to say #but it's okay if you didn't like it! i shall not disown you not now not ever #oooh if you want a proper 'nsfw' Dorian Gray maybe read Will Self's Dorian: An Imitation #from Goodreads: '[Self] reimagines the novel in the milieu of London's early-80s art scene'#it's Very Graphic though and Self loves to throw the f-word around a lot.#i mean the story takes place during the AIDS epidemic but you know. he does overdo it sometimes.#it was a good book so if you're not easily shocked by extremely vulgar language you should give it a go!#suicide mention tw #murder tw #drugs tw #i dont know what to tag this as #Anonymous #oscar wilde #G O D i feel like i wrote a lot but barely said anything #what i'm saying is:#the sins dorian committed are of little to no importance. oscar doesn't expand on them because they are only a side-effect of a Bigger Event #which is Dorian coming to know and eventually losing himself through sensory experiences #Dorian dedicating himself to experiencing discovering and inventing new pleasures #it wasn't sex what drove dorian to doing what he did. it wasn't drugs or money either. it was Art. beauty is terror. and all that.

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autismserenity · 6 years

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"By Mason Dunn I pose the following questions to you in the hopes that when (not if) a trans or gender creative person comes to your faith community, they find answers of hope, healing and freedom. A few years ago I attended a Passover seder and was struck to see, for the first time, an orange on the seder plate. Until that moment, the concept of modern-day additions to the plate were altogether foreign to me. In the course of the seder, the meaning of the orange was explained to me: Introduced by feminist and Jewish scholar Dr. Susannah Heschel, the orange represents “the fruitfulness for all Jews when lesbians and gay men are contributing and active members of Jewish life.” Today, it is my fervent hope that the orange’s initial meaning on the seder plate has been expanded to include other identities in the LGBTQ+ community. As a queer trans man, I ache to be seen as a fruitful member of my faith community, not in spite of my gender identity or sexual orientation, but because of it. That ache for freedom and authenticity is precisely what Passover is about: the drive of all people to be free to express their faith, and their many intersecting identities. For trans and gender creative people, finding acceptance in our faith is often fraught with questioning: Will I be accepted? Will I be pushed away from a faith or community that is important to my identity? Can I be my full authentic self before my congregation? Can I be my authentic self before God? Although rarely limited to four, these types of questions cast a shadow on the experiences of many trans people, much like the Four Questions hover over the Passover table. Unlike Passover, however, the questions trans people may ask aren’t always so clearly answered. This year, I pose the following questions to you in the hopes that when (not if) a trans or gender creative person comes to your faith community, they find answers of hope, healing and freedom. What does “transgender” mean? What does “non-binary” mean? And what about “gender creative”? There are many ways to define transgender—simply because there are many ways to be transgender. To boil down the essence as concisely as possible, a transgender person is someone whose gender identity differs from the sex they were assigned at birth. To use myself as an example, I was assigned female at birth; however, I am not a woman—I identify as a trans man. Some in the trans community identify on a gender binary, meaning within one of two categories: man or woman. Many know their gender identity to be outside that binary, thus are non-binary. Identities in the non-binary community include gender fluid, gender queer, agender, bi-gender and many others. Gender creative, as well as gender expansive, are two terms often used to describe youth who are journeying to discover their identity relative to gender. For many youth, it may take time and exploration to discover who they are or want to be, and gender is no different. Another important definition not included in the initial question is the term “cisgender.” Sometimes shortened to “cis” (much in the same way that transgender is often shortened to “trans”), this term is used to describe someone who identifies with the gender associated with the sex they were assigned at birth. For example, my spouse, Lauren, is a cisgender woman: she was assigned female at birth and identifies as a woman. Questions for the table: What ways have we been exposed to or learned about transgender identities? And what stories, narratives or intersecting identities were missing from that exposure? How has the transgender rights movement differed from or intersected with other LGBTQ+ rights movements, like marriage equality, military service, etc.? The fight for transgender rights and equality is far from over; and for some states, equal rights are under attack. However, transgender people have been a part of the national push for LGBTQ+ equality since it began. Trans people—more specifically, trans women of color—were the first to rise up and push back against police at the historic Compton Cafeteria and Stonewall Riots. Trans people were critical organizers during the AIDS epidemic in the 1980s and ’90s. Here in Boston, the first LGBTQ+ youth organization in the city was founded by the amazing Grace Sterling Stowell, a local hero and trans woman. However, the movement for LGBTQ+ equality thus far has often centered on marriage equality for gay, lesbian and bisexual couples. Now that we’ve attained this exciting victory in the U.S., transgender rights are beginning to move to the forefront of our movement. We are pushing for nondiscrimination laws that ensure we can access hospitals, education or employment free from discrimination. We are working to educate health care and insurance providers about our unique health needs. We are creating policies to ensure trans and gender creative youth are safe in schools and at home. Not only that, but many of us in the LGBTQ+ rights movement are also working for equality broadly—economic justice, racial justice, immigration rights, health care rights and so many others. We know that when transphobia intersects with other forms of oppression, such as racism, classism, ableism and others, our community sees even higher rates of discrimination and violence. Questions for the table: Who is Marsha P. Johnson? Sylvia Rivera? Who are other trans icons in the movement for social justice? How can we be better about lifting up their stories? What are ways we can incorporate transgender rights advocacy, allyship or movement building in our own lives? In my own work and life, I often come back to the passage, “Justice, justice shall you pursue” (Deuteronomy 16:20). The work for equality and justice is an essential part of my Jewish faith. So not only is it important to advocate for the rights of marginalized communities, but it is an expression of my faith to do so. The first and most important way to be an ally in your everyday life is to seek out educational and media materials about the trans and gender creative community. More specifically, look for materials or opportunities led by trans voices. There is a wide array of media out there, but not all of it is provided in an authentic way for trans people. Next, I would think about your own life and areas where trans voices are either absent or inaccessible. For instance, does your temple have any statement of inclusion for LGBTQ+ people? Does your place of work have a nondiscrimination policy that includes sexual orientation or gender identity? If not, find resources to bring that might be helpful. Keshet is an LGBTQ+ Jewish organization that can help you think about ways to make a shul more inclusive. Organizations like the Mass Trans Political Coalition, GLAD and others may be able to help with policy materials as well. Lastly, think about ways you might be able to support the trans rights movement. Volunteer opportunities are available across the Boston area, especially for the upcoming trans rights ballot initiative. There are trans-led, trans-focused organizations locally and nationally that rely on donations to keep their doors open. These are all great ways to make trans rights a part of your personal pursuit for justice and equality. Question for the table: Make a plan together of ways we want to be involved in the transgender rights movement. Are there volunteer opportunities, events we can attend or trans-focused media (movies, theater, television) we can support? How is gender identity or expression represented in Jewish faith, texts or history? It’s important to remember that trans and gender creative people are not a new phenomenon or a “creation” of the millennial generation. We have been a part of human history since its beginning. Which begs the question: Are there trans or non-binary people in Jewish texts or history? I could spend days writing about the ways in which gender shows up in the Torah and Talmud in unexpected and fluid ways. From the very beginning, God created Adam (or more specifically ha-adam), the first human: before God splits Adam to create Eve (from Adam’s side or rib, depending on your reading), this first human (ha-adam) is both man and woman, containing the elements of both. And, as we read, Adam’s initial form was created “in God’s image.” Does that mean that God is both man and woman, and thus non-binary? Adam, and therefore God, do not fit into one gender alone, but all genders, all expressions, including trans identities. Our tradition certainly recognizes and celebrates that multi-gendered deity-names for the almighty are both masculine and feminine. I know many congregations that have moved to using gender-neutral pronouns (“They/Them/Theirs” or “Ze/Hir/Hirs” for God, rather than the patriarchal and limiting “He”) to reflect this reading. Granted, this is my interpretation (though one I’ve studied in text and with several rabbis over the years), but suffice it to say, the representation of trans identities is scattered throughout Jewish texts. The Talmud references not just two genders (man and woman), but six genders throughout. My point is, trans and gender creative people are part of Jewish history and text, if you take the time to look. And, more important, trans and gender creative Jews are part of our Jewish community today and will be forevermore. It behooves us to make space for trans members of our faith. This year, make the orange a part of your seder plate, make LGBTQ+ rights and history a part of the conversation, and make space at your table for trans and gender creative people this year and all years to come. Questions for the table: At first impression, how do you think the Torah and Talmud might address binary or non-binary trans identities? After learning more, are you surprised? How has your congregation or Torah study addressed gender?"

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electronicninjatyrant · 4 years

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Why this Harvard doctor is optimistic about US overcoming COVID-19 despite 'epidemic of mistrust'

Dr. Paul Farmer’s friends accuse him of being “pathologically optimistic.” That may explain how he’s managed to spend his life helping people in some of the most traumatized parts of the world: Haiti before and after the 2010 earthquake; Rwanda after the genocide there; West Africa during the Ebola outbreak of 2014-2015; and now the United States during COVID-19.

He's sorely disappointed in how his home country has handled the pandemic. "There's a lot to be done," he said. But he remains confident that the pandemic can "be brought to heel."

Farmer chairs the Department of Global Health and Social Medicine at Harvard Medical School and co-founded Partners In Health, a Boston nonprofit that provides medical care in developing countries and the U.S. His work is the subject of a recent Netflix documentary, "Bending the Arc."

Farmer’s latest book, “Fever, Feuds and Diamonds,” published this month, focuses on the Ebola outbreak and the public health mistakes that made it worse.

He tells harrowing stories about people in Sierra Leone, Liberia and Guinea who lost parents, children or spouses – sometimes all three. He argues the outbreak could have been less lethal if the French, British and American colonial powers had left the region with a medical infrastructure, and if international efforts had focused on helping Ebola patients get better, rather than containing the disease’s spread.

With COVID-19 raging across the country and the world, Farmer talked with USA TODAY about what the lessons of West Africa, Haiti and Rwanda can teach us about our own struggle.

The upside of living with dangerous outbreaks

In the U.S., we tend to think of disease outbreaks as something of the past – the plague of the 15th century or the 1918 flu epidemic – not something that happens to us.

Farmer: There’s a long history of declaring plagues over. Not just individual plagues but all plagues. With the advent of effective and non-toxic antibiotics, there were declarations of the end of the infectious pathogen from the American Surgeon General on down.

Of course, that’s never going to happen. We live in uneasy symbiosis with viruses – they’re the worst, usually – bacteria, parasites. That’s the way it’s going to be.

That’s another reason for us to think really hard about our investment in public health and safety nets in the United States.

In many countries, medical scourges are still common. What can we learn from them about how to deal with COVID?

Farmer: Some of the places that I’ve worked in over the last 35 years, people are living in so much proximity to that kind of danger, that they know more about the lessons.

That’s one of the reasons Rwanda has done a great job of responding to COVID: They had just been trying to protect their western flank from Ebola when COVID hit.

They knew what contact tracing was (the process of identifying people who may have come into contact with an infected person). They had hired and trained, not just a few thousand community health workers to do contact tracing, but probably 60,000 in a very poor country of 11 million people.

We’ve had to struggle in every state in the union to get contact tracing elevated and supported fully, so when you call someone on the phone and say, "You need to isolate, you have a close contact (who has COVID)," that you’re able to provide the necessary support for those people (which Partners in Health does).

Some of these lessons are just closer to home in places that have not been spared the kind of risks we usually are spared here.

The nihilism crippling America's COVID response

What concerns you most about America’s fight against COVID?

Farmer: We have clear evidence of "clinical nihilism" in a lot of places I’ve worked – the claim that there’s nothing we can do for this patient, they’re beyond recall, this disease is too deadly. All the things that were said again and again and mindlessly about Ebola.

In the United States, what I’m seeing now is a "containment nihilism," where people are saying, "It’s too much for us to hope to contain this."

What do you think is behind that sense of hopelessness?

Farmer: There’s been a real toll of under-investment and lack of clear federal guidelines.

Do you think that will change when Joe Biden takes office in January?

Farmer: I think it’ll help. Leadership matters, tone matters, how our leaders conduct themselves matters. But tone is not enough. We need to invest much more heavily in public health.

I’ve lost friends and family to COVID. I have friends and family who’ve lost their jobs or are furloughed. I’m waiting to see more relief and support for those people as well. I think there are innumerable things we can do.

The connection between masks and trust

What about masks? Are you upset more people aren’t wearing them?

Farmer: I never shame people for not wearing masks. It’s not the way I roll. COVID-shaming strikes me as no more appealing than shaming people around AIDS. I’m disappointed, but that’s not the way to move forward.

So why do you think people aren’t doing things like mask-wearing that clearly benefit both themselves and others?

Farmer: We’re dealing with an epidemic of mistrust.

You describe a similar epidemic of mistrust in West Africa during the Ebola outbreak. How did they counter that?

Farmer: Changes in policy and laws – that were, by the way, very unwelcome, often. I saw families who bitterly resisted a lot of these laws and rules, and were also deeply relieved by them, because they allowed people to say, "I’m sorry I can’t help bury our uncle," or "I’m sorry I can’t clean up the mess of our niece or my sister in another house, but it’s the law."

That was something that changed me: seeing the ambivalence, the doubt and the relief all in the same household.

The unequal toll of COVID in the US

How do you explain the fact that Black Americans and other people of color are falling sick and dying at much higher rates than whites?

Farmer: There’s nothing genetic or essential about this. This is social. And that’s good, because if it’s social, that means it’s in humans’ hands, not God’s hands. I think that lends (itself) to a kind of optimism.

I understand if African Americans, Latinos, the Navajo, I understand if they’re not optimistic about this. Why should they be? They have ample historical reason not to be optimistic. But it does mean it’s not carved in stone. I am convinced that we can bring this to heel. We will bring it to heel.

Deadly discrimination:America's history of racism was a preexisting condition for COVID-19

How would you compare the COVID-19 experience in the U.S. with that of other countries?

Farmer: We’ve clearly done very poorly compared to peer nations – meaning, other rich, industrialized nations. But we’ve done very poorly compared to Rwanda. We can draw on those lessons. Why shouldn’t we?

Do you think Americans can overcome the lack of trust and nihilism you describe?

Farmer: We have no choice but to try. We’re not going to succeed by demonizing huge segments of the population. That too was the case in Rwanda. By some estimates, up to 15% of men who were called Hutu were involved in direct execution of orders to kill.

That’s worse than what we’re facing. It was a decades-long buildup and explosion and much shorter rapid dismantling of structural violence. It was a deeply moving thing to see.

What's wrong with contact tracing in the US

Partners in Health provides contact tracing services, identifying people who may have been exposed, encouraging them to stay home so they don't get others sick, and connecting them to resources to get food and pay rent. But so far, contact tracing hasn’t worked well in the United States. Why?

Farmer: Contact tracing (has to be) linked to a real commitment to social support. If we can’t think about the needs of those who are being called to isolate themselves, if we don’t tend to their everyday needs for food, shelter (and) pay their rent and cell phone bills, we’re not going to have good contact tracing.

That sounds pretty idealistic: that we’re going to provide enough support for vast numbers of people to stay home, away from work and families long enough to bring the epidemic under control.

Farmer: The thing about idealism, is if you can always link it to pragmatism, you’re going to be OK.

I think there’s nothing more pragmatic than trying to stand up a 1,200-person team to do contact tracing in eastern Massachusetts (as Partners in Health has done). Infusing that pragmatism with idealism is probably what’s going to turn the epidemic around in the United States.

Ebola outbreak offers reason for hope

It seems like you were very personally affected by the Ebola survivors you met and the stories they told.

Farmer: It was very hard. It’s always hard to see young people wither away like that or hear about people like some of these folks who lost their parents, children and spouses. It was just very hard.

Do you keep in touch with many of them?

Farmer: That’s one of the reasons (I’m) optimistic. We’ve seen these devastated families and devastated individuals – we’ve seen them get better. That squares with my experience everywhere in the world. Usually our patients get better.

This interview has been edited for length and clarity.

Contact Karen Weintraub at [email protected].

Health and patient safety coverage at USA TODAY is made possible in part by a grant from the Masimo Foundation for Ethics, Innovation and Competition in Healthcare. The Masimo Foundation does not provide editorial input

#usa #news

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briangroth27 · 7 years

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IT (2017) Review

IT is fantastic! I don’t remember much of the original miniseries except that Tim Curry was very good as Pennywise, but this felt like a whole other animal. I haven’t read the book, but the movie definitely made me want to. The tone was perfect, with just enough humor to get you through the ever-increasing tension created by Pennywise, Henry Bowers, and the general sense of dread from the town’s adults. There’s a palpable sense that even though the adults lived through similar events, they’re not going to be any help to the kids. One of my favorite subgenres is kids encountering the supernatural, and IT absolutely delivered!

Every single one of the kids did a spectacular job! They all felt like real, relatable kids and they’ve got incredible talent. These actors also formed an incredible sense of chemistry; like the young casts of Super 8 and Stranger Things, they felt like actual friends and I imagine shooting this was a lot of fun for them. The thing that perhaps let them down a bit was the runtime; at two hours and fifteen minutes, it’s understandable things had to be succinct, shortchanging a couple of the Losers. Stan (Wyatt Oleff) in particular didn’t get much to do, but even he had some great moments of characterization, such as when all the kids unceremoniously drop their bikes and run off, while he takes a moment to calmly use his kickstand. Since his bar mitzvah is the big moment in his life here, I think they could’ve explored what his idea of becoming a man was and how that played into dealing with Pennywise, particularly as this is a coming of age tale. Mike (Chosen Hansen) didn’t feel like he got much screentime in comparison to some of the others either, but I liked the connections to societal issues his story included; he experiences the racism in Derry the other kids don’t, pulling him a step further into the horror of the town than the other kids. I really liked Mike’s grandfather’s (Steven Williams) speech about Mike needing to decide whether he wanted to be the man killing sheep or the sheep being killed, because if he didn’t the world would decide for him. That felt especially relevant to today while playing into his arc of learning to stand up for himself (and he gets a particularly surprising climax to that arc!). Ben (Jeremy Ray Taylor) handled the exposition well (as did Hansen) and brought a plucky charm to his role as the new kid in town. He was easy to root for and sympathize with, and had several perfect adolescent moments like sneaking a peek at Bev’s room during a break from a rather disturbing clean-up session. Eddie’s (Jack Dylan Grazer) hypochondria provided him with a solid Achilles Heel, a great place for comedy to spring from, and a strong foundation for him to eventually stand up to his mom (Mollie Jane Atkinson). Grazer played all of those to their fullest extent! My friend pointed out that his mom’s obsessive overprotectiveness may’ve been brought on because she does know something evil is in Derry, she just doesn’t know what, and is protecting him the best way she can. That’s an interesting variation to the Derry adults’ forgetfulness/apathy about the evil in their town.

I was a little disappointed Richie (Finn Wolfhard) didn’t get a solo scare sequence outside the house on Neibolt Street like everyone else did, though if cutting it got us as much time with Ben, Mike, and Stan as we got, I’ll take it. Still, he had perhaps the most clearly-defined and strongest characterization of the kids; Wolfhard refused to let Richie be just another kid in the group. Going in, I thought he’d feel like his character on Stranger Things (probably because this is also 80s-set horror with kids encountering a monster), but Richie was totally different from Mike and Wolfhard sold it completely. Sofia Lillis was very good at achieving balance between Bev’s friendly, almost cheery outlook with her new friends and the jaded, knowing sensibility that had been forced on her by everyone else. The whole town seemed to see Beverly as a sex object or a slut, including creepy adults (like Mike, she’s deeper into the hell that is Derry than the others). Beverly knowing exactly how to work the adults to her advantage spoke not only to the fact that this is nothing new to her and she’s had to learn coping and survival skills, but to the tragedy that this was the case. Every scene with her father (Alvin Marsh) was incredibly uncomfortable given what he was, and I was rooting for her to escape the situation. Bill (Jaeden Leiberher) and Ben’s crushes on Bev worked well, though I think they could’ve played up the difference in their early meet-cutes a bit more: she’s nice to Ben and talks to him, while Bill sees her walking in near-slow-motion in dreamy sunlight. They also could’ve contrasted Stan exploring what it means to be a man (and Mike discovering what it means to be an African-American man) with her attempts to define what being a woman means outside of what everyone tells her she should be. The love triangle between Bev, Ben, and Bill was sweet, with neither of them expecting anything from her, and thankfully didn’t explode into jealousy the way I thought it would. Bill had the most personal connection to Pennywise via Georgie’s (Jackson Robert Scott) murder, and they mined it for all it was worth. I totally bought Leiberher as the kind of kid who could rally the others to go on an adventure to save the day. Bill’s stutter felt totally natural and never felt like Leiberher was playing a caricature of someone with a speech impediment. His relationship with Georgie was sweet and they felt like real brothers, so Bill’s pain over losing him felt real. Watching him literally fight through his sorrow and guilt over giving the boat to Georgie (and encouraging him to sneak out of the house) was great! Scott was perfect as Georgie too, showing just as much range in his limited scenes as the other kids got to: from scared of the basement and telling himself “I’m brave,” to carefree (and sneaky) kid playtime, to sad Bill wasn’t with him after his death, and finally horror as a manifestation of Pennywise, he was fully on par with the other young actors.

When I watched Georgie meet Tim Curry’s Pennywise as a kid, I remember being sadder about him losing his boat than encountering a killer clown in the sewer (I guess as a kid, losing a beloved toy was the more likely and pressing fear!). That was not the case here. Bill Skarsgard’s Pennywise was playful enough with Georgie, but otherwise he was unsettling and a few jump scares got me. I liked how there were moments where his whole body would quiver and waver except his head, giving the impression that he was tightly coiled and ready to spring into an attack at any moment. He had an otherworldly sensibility about him—appropriate given what the deadlights are—and an overall creepy demeanor that was perfect. He didn’t echo Tim Curry’s Pennywise voice and that was a smart choice; Skarsgard was creepy in his own way. I really liked how he was able to pervert the entire town, popping in and out of murals to watch the kids, running a bizarre kid’s television show no one seemed to find strange, and possibly fueling (or feeding off of, which would be worse) the hate, apathy, and ugliness under Derry’s wholesome surface. Aside from school bullies and adults who varied from uninterested in protecting the kids to downright creepy predators, the real-world villainy mainly manifested in Henry Bowers (Nicholas Hamilton). I imagine Henry is a bully to prove to himself that he’s not the only “paper man” who’ll crumble when confronted with fear. Even with that tenuous understanding, though, Henry is a total psychopath who was scarier than Pennywise (possibly because Pennywise needs to eat kids to survive, while Henry is just angry and violent for no reason). He was such a strong villain that they could’ve removed the supernatural altogether and it still would’ve worked as a solid coming of age movie. As it was, the supernatural was a perfect bonus to the story being told!

The move from the 50s setting to the 80s worked very well, with It’s manifestations (aside from Pennywise) reflecting the kids’ personal fears instead of classic movie monsters. I love Dracula and those monsters, but using the tragedies of Derry’s history and the personal struggles the kids are living through as Pennywise’s alternate forms works better. The one thing that stood out to me as perhaps not fitting with the ’89 setting was naming Bill’s bike Silver; would a kid in the late 80s have been a fan of the Lone Ranger? There was a failed movie in 1981 with Christopher Lloyd, but I don’t know if westerns or that character in particular were very popular by then. Maybe Bill’s dad (Geoffrey Pounsett) introduced him to the Lone Ranger and was a fan in his youth (I was born in the mid-80s and was aware of the Lone Ranger thanks to my parents). Perhaps this Silver is a reference to King’s Silver Bullet wheelchair in Cycle of the Werewolf and the Silver Bullet film instead (maybe Bill sees a connection between Marty’s paralysis and his stutter?). In any case, that was a very small thing and otherwise contemporary mentions like the AIDS epidemic (which played into Eddie’s hypochondria perfectly) made the time period feel real, while the presence of 80s movie posters, movies like Batman playing at the theater, and video games like Street Fighter made it feel like the 80s without being nostalgia for nostalgia’s sake. The New Kids on the Block elements that appear in the film also served to build Ben’s character rather than just appearing as cheap jokes or because it was the late 80s.

Derry itself felt like a very real, relatable town that you might want to live in if you didn’t know what was beneath the surface. The house on Neibolt Street was a perfect haunted house that stuck out like a festering sore on the town, while also feeling like it was a natural part of this world. Cutting from animals walking though slaughterhouse stalls to kids heading through the school halls was a great, ominous bit of editing at the beginning. The pacing was excellent; while it felt like a long movie, it did so because it felt so full rather than because of dull scenes. When the kids first confronted Pennywise in 29 Neibolt street, I thought it could be the climax, but the movie keeps going to a very satisfying conclusion after that! It was smart to split the book into one movie for the kids and another for their adult counterparts; even if this weren't a huge success and sure to get the second half, it'd feel like a complete story. Whoever they cast as the adult versions of the Losers Club are going to have some impressive shoes to fill! I definitely hope they get the kids back for flashbacks in Chapter 2.

The film has a great feeling of dread (punctuated by some truly funny lines), excellent villains in Pennywise and Henry Bowers, and a young cast of fantastic actors. 2017’s IT (perfectly released 27 years after the story’s last adaptation in 1990!) is neck and neck with Kubrick’s The Shining as the best of the Stephen King adaptations. Definitely see this and get your Halloween season started off right!

Full spoilers….

-I’m glad the sex scene in the sewer was left out. Obviously that’d be really screwed up to film/show/see, but I don’t think it would’ve fit even beyond the fact of the creepy content. Not only did these kids not need that to bond them, but I don’t think it would’ve fit with any of their characters as they were drawn here. Even boastful loudmouth Richie seems like the kind of guy who’d be intimidated by the prospect of sex if it actually presented itself. That’s to say nothing of the fact that Bev would’ve been forced into exactly the role the town wants her to take (and wants to punish her for taking), and that would’ve been a tragedy. The kids just hugging after their ordeal worked perfectly.

-I was so glad that there were no consequences to Bev killing her creepy father, even to her reputation (at least from what we saw) once word inevitably would get out about why she did it. It’s possible she was leaving town partially because of what people would say, but I’m choosing to believe she was just jumping at the chance for a fresh, happier start.

-I think the leeches I’ve heard of in the book for Patrick Hockstetter’s (Owen Teague) death would’ve been cooler than the burnt people he encountered in the sewer. That’s probably the one Pennywise manifestation that sounds better in the book than what was onscreen.

-Eddie changing the “Loser” signature on his cast to say “Lover” was a funny bit of characterization I wish we’d seen more of from him. Who is this kid—or who does he want to be—to proclaim himself that? Haha

-Eddie mistakenly calling placebos “gazebos” was perhaps the most unexpected laugh I’ve had in a theater in a long time.

-Given how little Stan got to do in this movie and what I’ve read about adult Stan’s part in the present-day portion of the book, I really hope his fate is changed in the sequel. If not, it’ll feel like he was just there to die.

-Finn Wolfhard gets maybe the best line in the movie with “…and now I’ve gotta kill this fucking clown!”

-There were a few Easter Eggs in the movie, including a picture of Tim Curry’s Pennywise!

-IT has perhaps some of my favorite stories from Twitter. One guy said someone in his screening released a single red balloon into the theater once the movie was over! Another theatergoer walked into his screening and there was a clown cosplayer sitting alone in the room, holding a single balloon. I’d have been severely unnerved. Hahaha I think it’d be great if theaters did things like this in an official capacity; it’d be a fun return to the promotional stunts of the 50s and 60s.

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nojapcap · 4 years

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Final Blog Post!

Throughout the semester, I have learned a lot from Survey of Communications. One of the topics that interested me the most was how society has shifted television. The history of television alone is vast and complex, though there are a few important changes that should be noted. Firstly, there are 3 ages of television. The first age of television was known as over the air free tv, or the network age. This took place from 1946-1976. Television was ultimately run by “The Big Three” NBC, ABC, and CBS. The cable and satellite age was from 1976-2006. The creation of geostationary satellites and fiber optics changed how people watched television. HBO was created in 1976, and soon followed ESPN, Discovery, MTV, etc. The third age of television, or the Digital Internet Age, began in the early 2000’s. Although technically the internet began in 1969, this age of television specifically began when Reed Hastings created Netflix. Streaming platforms completely changed how people across the world watch tv. Applications like Netflix and Hulu allow for viewers to watch seasons of a show or even movies commercial free, for a small monthly subscription fee. No longer do people have to worry about making it home in time to catch a certain show, we now have television at our fingertips. The same show that comes on weekly at 7pm on a wednesday evening, could now be viewed on the train or at the gym. This third age caused a lot of problems for bigger television networks, forcing them to “play the game” by allowing shows on their networks to be shown on these streaming platforms.

I feel like shows from 30-40 years ago rarely showed other cultures, but when they did, they were typically stereotypical elements that were included. The first example that comes to mind is the movie Full Metal Jacket, which takes place during the Vietnam War. There is a scene where a Vietnamese prostitute comes up to one of the soldiers and solicits him, saying “me love you long time”.

https://youtu.be/-L6__oz2S8s

This is a phrase that has become famous and is automatically associated with Asian women. At the time, it didn’t seem like a problem but as we progress as a society things like this probably would not be acceptable to put on television today. This is not to say that there aren’t other stereotypical things that occur on television today or within the past few decades. We often see characters in television that are recurring. The sassy Black girl, the smart Asian, and so on. These roles are a direct reflection of how society used to, and still views other races and cultures. With that being said, however, I do notice more representation on television shows such as Blackish, which is about an African American family (portrayed in a good light).

Originally posted by supagirl

The parents are well off and educated, their children are smart. 30 years ago black characters were usually only used for comedic relief. There is another show called Fresh off The Boat, which is loosely based around Eddie Huang’s childhood.

Originally posted by joaquins-phoenixs

It depicts his younger life growing up in Florida, dealing with Chinese tradition with his parents, but his love for Hip Hop. Decades ago, an Asian kid loving hip hop would never be on television. Two things that do not seem to go together at all, combine and create content for other kids who may feel like they cannot listen to specific types of music because their families do not agree or because society tells them that it is not for them. There is also another show called Bob Hearts Abishola, which is fairly new (I think it comes on ABC).

(Photo from Google)

I do not watch the show but I’ve seen the first episode and ultimately it is about a White man (Bob) that falls for an African nurse (Abishola). This is another common occurrence on television that we did not see 30-40 years ago. Interracial dating is widely accepted now but also frowned upon by many. Overall, society’s tolerance has grown tremendously, and we are still breaking barriers for other cultures and underrepresented demographics.

Another topic that interested me was how the transgender community has been portrayed within recent years. How The Transgender Community Has Been Portrayed Within Recent Years. Within the past 30 years, the way the transgender community has been portrayed in the media has shifted tremendously. Being transgender is something that many people have yet to agree with, but also many people do not fully comprehend its meaning. Recently, we have seen a lot of transgender people gain media attention. For example, Laverne Cox rose to fame from her role on Orange is The New Black, where she plays a transgender woman who used to be a fire fighter, doing hair in a maximum security women’s prison. This sparked controversy because many people do not understand how she would be in a woman’s prison if she was technically born a man.

Another example of Transgender representation is the show Pose, which follows the lives of several LGBTQ+ youth surviving the HIV/AIDS epidemic in New York City in the 1980’s. I do watch the show and personally I found it very eye opening to see how much Trans people are and have been discriminated against unnecessarily. They are not allowed in many establishments because of how they may physically present themselves. But the trans community was able to find solace in another community known as Ballroom. This is where voguing and other similar dances originated. The LGBTQ+ community is also responsible for many of the slang terms we use today such as “shade” or “tea” “hunty” etc. Many people tend to ignore or downplay the role that Trans people have played or attempt to shut them out of history, which is a trend that we have seen, especially in America. This comes from fear of what they are and how that threatens someone else’s life.

Originally posted by mega-sploosh

Billy Porter, who is also on Pose, is a well-known advocate for the community. This year he wore a dress to the Met Gala, which caught a lot of buzz. This is another issue that I constantly see being discussed on social media, specifically Twitter. Many people do not agree with men wearing dresses, and often the hypothetical “What would you do if your son wanted to wear a dress or play with a doll?” comes up. Answers are usually follwed by homophobic and transphobic statements, though it just shows how ignorant some people can be. Everyone is entitled to their own opinion, but people who often answer the question with a “no” tend to be attacked for having some kind of homophobic vendetta. I think that people should be able to voice their opinions without being attacked, though there also needs to be a certain level of respect for both sides. Sometimes, I wonder if companies truly care about representation, or they realize that transgender politics are “popular” and profitable, which makes it easier to market. Not only in terms of the trans community but for racial/ethnic inclusion in television. A lot of it seems to be forced because producers know what will get them ratings, rather than truly caring about a story or a group of people whose stories need to be shared.

Overall, the class has taught be a lot about communication beyond other courses I’ve taken before. We’ve explored topics that were international and gave examples beyond America, for example, the Harajuku trend in Japan, or ethnocentrism. Overall I have learned that my version of what communication looks like is not necessarily correct, it is just one way. I have also learned that some cultures have other ways of communication that may be completely opposite from my own values and beliefs, this does not make either side wrong, just different. There is something I enjoy and appreciate about learning aspects of other cultures that may seem weird to me, but are completely normal in that culture. Communication is about learning and understanding why people do what they do, say what they say, and act the way they do. There are no right or wrong answers. And by studying why people communicate the way they do, we can learn a lot about ourselves as well. It helps put life into perspective, from a lense that is not necessarily your own.

#communication #lgbtq #tv #ethnocentrism #netflix #representation

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rosecocoas · 7 years

Note

Kirli: 1, 2, 3, 5, 19... Chris: 2, 3, 17... Angie: 2, 17... Emery: 3, 5, 8, 17... El: 5... Jaspar: 19... Ravi: 19... Glen: 19... All/Your Pick: 11, 15, 18... Running Out Of Hell characters: 13... + any other questions that catch your eye :D

I AM SO GLAD TO KNOW YOU WANT TO HEAR ABOUT THESE ASSES?!! YOU ASKED FOR IT:(heads up, this is very long and idk how to do the read more thing)1. what was the first element of your oc that you remember considering?Kirli: I wanted a demon severely loyal to Mephistapheles, who was the main villain at the time. Both Chris and Ravi, the only other demons, were against Mephi for a most part, so I felt the need to have SOMEONE side with her? I also really wanted a demon OC with succubus tendencies lol2. did you design them with any characters or ocs from their universe in mind?Kirli: She was originally supposed to be the parallel of Chris; driven and passionate, instead of lazy and uncaring like him. I also wanted to give Tessa a designated demon , so she was built around Tessa as well! Chris: I really wanted to give Emery, who was the first to be created in ROoH, a friend, but not a GOOD friend, so Chris was brought to life! I also wanted a dynamic akin to Jonathan and Sock from W2H , which I was (and still am) very into at the time!Angie: Lol I looked at Emery and Chris, the only two ocs I had for this story atm and thought, "holy shit, they're basically two incompetent fools. I should give them a voice of reason." Levelheaded Angie joined the story then. She had, no significance to the plot other than to tell them not to do stupid things??? She's more rounded out now tho :D3. how did you choose their name?Kirli: Her original name, Twyla, was because we read a story in English class about two girls, Jessa and Twyla, and it was a story I found interesting, so I wanted to incorporate an Element from it into my own story! For some reason, I really wanted to make her name mean 'dirty carpet', so Twyla changed to Zikina Tapis, and then the Kirli Tapis we all know and love Chris: .... I actually have no recollection on WHY I decided his name should be Chris???? He just kinda, felt like a Chris.Emery: I think I met a girl named Emorie at a church thing, and her name was just so pretty , that it stuck with me an I desperately wanted to use it somehow? I looked up different ways to spell it and decided on Emery!5. is there any significance behind their hair color?Kirli: she dyed her hair pink after seeing a rlly cute girl with pink hair! It drew attention to the girl, which, Kirli craves attention, and decided to do that as well! Her hair color is originally a medium brown.Emery: His most cherished memory from his childhood was seeing a rainbow for the first time. His mom and dad had taken him to the park for a picnic, and it rained on them for a while at the beginning, but they ate under a gazebo and waited for it to let up. He was so mesmerized by the beauty of the rainbow. It felt like pure magic. When his mom was reduced to a vegetable state, he tried to cling to his happiest memories for stability, because his dad was isolating himself and he had nothing else to lean on. When he ran away from home as a teen to perform magic, he dyed a part of his hair rainbow (he had to bleach the whole section, then dye small segments the different colors one at a time) to remind himself of how he felt that day.El: Hers was purely for the color scheme, but I think I've decided that all mermaids from where she's from have unnatural hair colors? (wow what a jarring difference from Emery's reason lol)8. what, if anything do you relate to within their character/story?Emery: honestly, I based a lot of his childhood off of mine, so I relate to him in that way? We were both forced to grow up a little too early due to parental problems, but Emery's dad was a bit more of an extreme case. His dad turned to drugs to forget the loss of his wife, or at least the woman he fell in love with. On a bit of a lighter note, I've always loved magic, so I relate to Emery's fascination with the unexplainable!11. did you know what the oc's sexuality would be at the time of their creation?All: Not really. I never really consider romance in my stories, so their sexualities weren't thought of until much later! Jaspar was the first oc from ROoH to get a confirmed sexuality, I think ? Emery and Angie were the most recently decided, and Chris and Kirli's are still To Be Determined.13. How far past the canon events that take place in their world have you extended their story, if at all?ROoH: I dont have anything decided AFTER the story, but I do have what happened BEFORE ? Chris, Angie, Jaspar, Kirli, and Ravi all have more or less ideas on how their human lives played out, if this counts as an answer. Chris and Angie met while trying to immigrate to America in theeeeee 1800s-ish, Angie from Iran and Chris from Switzerland (haven't fully decided??) they fell in love , Chris died in a fire, Angie died of ,,, something (haven't decided this either). Kirli lived and died in 1300-ish England, Black Death. Jaspar lived in Minnesota, early 1900s, cause of death unknown. Ravi lived in Germany all his life, cause of death: not sure yet, again. Probably something random like food poisoning knowing him.15. what is something about your oc that can make you laugh?All: Every time I think of Chris's power to turn things into lawnmowers I laugh because,,, what a dumb power omfg,,,, ALSO THE FACT THAT A MAIN BAD GUY IS JUST. AN EVIL SNOWMAN THAT CURSES A LOT. LIKE,, WHAT. 17. Is there some element you regret adding to your oc or their story?Chris: I mean, the whole thing he does at the end (not gonna spoil :3 ) was pretty shitty?? Like he didnt talk the person out of sacrificing theirself, just kinda accepted he was gonna Stab™. At least he felt guilty afterwards...Angie: I think at one point she was a narcoleptic??? which, that served no purpose to the plot. I regret having that as a trait for her. I also feel bad for not letting her bond with Tessa? She's her guardian angel and still doesn't care for her as much as she should :(Emery: ...... just his entire backstory. so sorry my child I love you I swear-18. what is the most recent thing you've discovered about your oc?All: The fact that Angie remembers all of her human life was a recently discovered thing (so, she remembers her and Chris's relationship, while he doesn't. She dislikes him a lot because now she looks at this trash demon and thinks "I,,,,,, dated that thing???? *barf emoji*") she also hates that he doesn't remember at all, she finds it annoying.Also a recently discovered thing! A reason for Kirli's hatred of humans! Thanks to you Lea!!!!! Kirli died during the Black Death epidemic, so her death went unnoticed. She was brought back as a demon quickly after her death, so she got to watch as her corpse was just tossed to the side without a second glance. Kirli watched as humans dropped dead and were treated in the same respect, and it disgusted her. She reasoned that all humans must be like this: jaded and uncaring towards each other. She refused to look at anything humans did as redeeming in any way, and even any good they did she labeled as a negative trait. "American humans fighting for freedom? well who took away their freedoms in the first place: humans. Famous artworks? All made to prove to others their life is worth something, even though the paintings often went unappreciated until the artist's death."19. What is your favorite fact about your oc?Kirli: The fact that she tries fake like she has a French accent to make herself seem more impressive?? And also the fact that she had a French SO (who was also a demon) that actively taught her the wrong French words for things. "How do you say 'Die a slow and painful death' in French" "omelette du fromage" "thanks hun"Jaspar: The fact that he tries so so so hard to become friends with Emery? Who he knows everything about because he's Emery's Guardian Angel, and he just loves Emery to bits and wants to be around him forever. His passion for Emery and humans in general, for short?? Also he has a strong Minnesotan accent which I LO VE. Ravi: The fact that he has this awful power to make someone relive their worst memory just by touching them, and he refuses to use it just because he is a soft boy who doesn't want anyone to suffer. Also the fact that he's a hella big Mephistapheles Fanboy.Glen: He's always getting nosebleeds from fighting so much??? And his solution is to put A BAND-AID on the bridge of his nose??? Honey that's not how it works. He knows nothing. Luckily angels heal over a short amount of time regardless, so his ignorance doesn't cause any long-lasting damage.Lea you are a trooper for sending me OC asks, bless you and thank you for wanting to know about these garbage babies(and also watch out for some questions about YOUR ocs :333c)

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saramerg---old · 5 years

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Tactical Anger and Its Power: Words and Actions in the Age of ACT UP

submitted essay for my Youth in Revolt course in the Global Liberal Studies program at NYU in Spring 2018

The 1988 photo shows only the jacket-clad torso of a young man. Careful letters surrounding the upended pink triangle on his back read, “If I Die of AIDS, Forget Burial, Just Drop My Body on the Steps of the FDA.” In context we know that the jacket and its wearer were part of a protest by the AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power (ACT UP). The man in the photo, artist David Wojnarowicz, died less than four years later of the disease he was protesting. Today the photo is historic, used in remembrances of the AIDS epidemic and referenced by high schoolers in their new fight against gun control. The CDC reports that between 1981 and 1992 over 200,000 people in the United States were infected with the disease. Within those years, the CDC places the percentage of those killed by AIDS at about 89 percent. A slew of activist groups arose out of this urgency, working to push the US government to address the epidemic. While certainly not the first, ACT UP is perhaps the most well-known.

This essay seeks to examine how meaningful, focused anger was used as a positive force by ACT UP members during the peak years of their activism. Michel Foucault and Jack Halberstam’s approaches to power and its structure in society are particularly crucial for understanding ACT UP’s radical, anti-capitalist approach in their fight against the violent ignorance of the federal government and the incorrect narrative of the disease perpetuated by the news media. In addition to repositioning the connotation of AIDS as a solely gay male disease, ACT UP used their anger and grief to turn loss into activism and force the United States government to acknowledge and act on the epidemic.

The first organized ACT UP protests began in March of 1987 on Wall Street in New York City “the financial center of the world, to protest the profiteering of pharmaceutical companies.” The organization, which had formed just weeks earlier made enough of a statement to gain attention from The New York Times and the FDA. The act of civil disobedience meant arrests for seventeen members.

From the beginning, ACT UP established itself in direct opposition to the capitalistic principles of the pharmaceutical industry. In The Queer Art of Failure, Jack Halberstam juxtaposes the “heteronormative” and “subordinate, queer, or counter-hegemonic” concepts of success. He argues that the heteronormative construction of success values “capital accumulation,” while the queer, or non-dominant construction is associated with failure because of its focus on “non-conformity, anti-capitalist practices, [and] non-reproductive lifestyles.” Media coverage of the disease – and the activists fighting it – focused primarily on the idea that AIDS was a disease that solely affected gay men. The headline for the New York Times coverage of the Wall Street protest read, “Homosexuals Arrested at AIDS Drug Protest.” In their outreach, however, ACT UP worked to correct the narrative and raise awareness about the facts of the disease.

The Women’s Committee within ACT UP distributed information that specifically addressed the existence of the disease within the Lesbian community in addition to continuing to provide key information about the epidemic as a whole. One flyer, titled “AIDS: A Lesbian Issue?” breaks down the ways that women can contract AIDS. The document uses inclusive language, such as the continued use of the “we” pronoun. Furthermore, the document disrupts the notion of “gold star lesbianism” and refrains from shaming IV drug users. One section of the document reads, “We have to take talking about sex and our sexual history out of the closet. We have to trust and support each other enough to talk about sex and safer sex. Lesbians are at risk because we have sex.” The document asks its readers to get involved, citing statistics about AIDS deaths and drawing attention to the disproportional affect the disease has on people of color. This document, and a similar one aimed at readers of Cosmopolitan, both express dissatisfaction at mainstream coverage of AIDS and encourage involvement from women readers.

These women-specific flyers also highlight the disparity of AIDS research, citing the lack of “official statistics” and the perpetuation of violence against those in the queer community. This specific ACT UP campaign seeks to raise awareness within a broader group. In The History of Sexuality, Foucault writes that “there is a plurality of resistances, each of them a special case.” The Women’s Committee of ACT UP modified their tactics when their target audience broadened. They pinpoint specifically why AIDS is also a women’s issue and call for involvement to “protect ourselves against violence” and “fight for our relationships, for our community and civil rights, for control over our bodies, our health, our sexuality, our lives.” The expansion of outreach focused on the vulnerabilities of a specific, at-risk group that had the power to mobilize and join forces with those already participating in the movement.

This focus on restructuring the narrative also required a careful approach to media outreach. Internal documents distributed to ACT UP members show the groups targeted approach to interviews, both in paper and on television. Ann Northrop, a journalist and activist, created a document called “How to Manipulate the News Media.” The numbered list gives members precise advice on how to handle being interviewed about the cause. This particular pamphlet does not delve into facts about the cause but rather focuses specifically on how knowledgeable activists can best serve ACT UP by becoming critically thinking spokespeople.

While the title is eye-catching and seems intent on provocation, the actual contents of the document are straightforward and realistic. The first point of the document, “Listen Before You Talk,” urges members to note the way control works in media coverage. “The most important thing you can do is control the editorial point of view of the whole story. To do this, you must interview the interviewer.” Later the document acknowledges that journalists think that interviewees “are crazy,” because they “understand how little control the interviewee has, and how exploitative the whole process is. So reporters start out with some basic contempt for the people they interview.”

Michel Foucault writes extensively about power relations, arguing that “there is no power that is exercised without a series of aims and objectives.” The news media document demonstrates ACT UP’s clear cognizance of the roles at play, even in a relationship as seemingly simple as journalist and subject. Northrop is clear that the journalist (and to a greater extent the media company) maintains power over the spokesperson. However, the stakes for which the journalist plays are comparably lower than those members of ACT UP intending to speak out and educate. The document aims to earn “good” press for ACT UP in the form of a uniform, polite approach. Additionally, Northrop’s prior experience as a journalist mean that her tips come from “inside” of the trade. The power dynamics at play here are not simply hierarchical. Foucault writes against the notion of “strictly relational character” in power relationships. Instead, he argues that they “[depend] on a multiplicity of points of resistance: these play the role of adversary, target, support, or handle.”

In this case, ACT UP showed a clear regard for the value of media publicity. However, as previously discussed, much of the media distributed about the nature of AIDS, at-risk populations, and activist work was incorrect. Northrop’s document shows the group’s clear intent; ACT UP’s “manipulation” of the news media was really a push toward fair, factual coverage and another step toward finding proper treatment and care for those with the disease.

Another crucial aspect of ACT UP was the vocal nature of their protests. These “actions” perhaps best display the way ACT UP activists targeted their anger toward tangible political change. In demonstrations, the group often used the now iconic chant “ACT UP, Fight Back, Fight Aids!” The shorter phrase, “fight back” was used in a number of other chants. In this primary chant, the word fight has a double meaning: one in reference to how bodies tackle illness and the other perhaps more aggressively to the violence committed by the passivity of the government.

ACT UP expressed their disdain for government officials and their ignorance and intolerance about AIDS in several ways. The vocal, public, and often visceral nature of ACT UP protests gained greater attention and in turn allowed AIDS activists to make demands about their cause. The first protest on Wall Street specifically targeted the FDA and President Reagan. The list of demands called for immediate release of potentially lifesaving drugs, while simultaneously scolding Reagan and the pharmaceutical industry. “Curb your greed!” one demand reads. The end of the list declares, “President Regan, nobody is in charge!” While this protest was focused on two main subjects, ACT UP did not limit their criticism to a specific party or industry. Lists of chants and poster slogans delineate between “general,” “Democrat,” and “Republican.”

Protestors did not steer clear of AIDS deaths, instead emphasizing the rising death toll through poster art and chants. A chant against Reagan declared, “Reagan, Reagan you can’t hide! We all know its genocide!” Similarly, a print poster depicted skulls lining the way up to the front of the White House. The messages directed specifically at Democrats are less visceral; posters aimed at Democrats like Dukakis and Gore carry messages like “We vote too!” and “We are watching you!” Another poster bears the message “Our vote is a weapon we are prepared to use.” These messages establish ACT UP as important demographics within the voting population. Rather than succumb to the “dominant logics of power and discipline,” these political statements serve as assertions of control within the paradigm of heteronormativity that Halberstam sets forth.

ACT UP did not stop at artistic depictions of AIDS’ death toll. The group also staged “political funerals,” including putting ashes of AIDS victims on the lawn of the White House and bringing the open coffin of Mark Lowe Fisher to the headquarters of the Republican National Committee in New York in 1992. Prior to his death, Fisher wrote about his wish for such a funeral:

Death takes place behind closed doors and is removed from reality, from the living. I want to show the reality of my death, to display my body in public… I want my death to be as strong a statement as my life continues to be. I want my own funeral to be fierce and defiant, to make the public statement that my death from AIDS is a form of political assassination. We are taking this action out of love and rage.

Fisher and his fellow activists were aware of – and fully intended – the shock factor in political funerals. His funeral was one death in hundreds of thousands in the United States alone from AIDS. The mobilization of grief in ACT UP protests, in combination with the group’s ability to create tactical approaches to change policy and raise awareness propelled the movement forward. Political funerals also subvert the idea of death as failure or finality. Halberstam writes that “capitalist logic casts the homosexuals as inauthentic and unreal, as incapable of proper love.” The political funerals, as Fisher described, are out in fact out of love – and rage. The authentic, heartfelt, and brutal emotion behind actions as intense as political funerals only serve to underscore the group’s dedication to their loved ones and community and their fight for legitimacy.

ACT UP’s protests were rooted in grief and anger, as well as an urgent desire to restructure the narrative around AIDS. In their oral history project, ACT UP members describe forming the group to “turn anger, fear, grief into action.” The group used their own emotions constructively, and worked to shift the dynamics of power present in both the federal government and news media. The movement sought to reshape conversation around the disease, raise awareness within the LGBT community and outside, and secure treatment. The devastating trauma of the AIDS epidemic and the memory of the federal government’s neglect remain, but so do groups like ACT UP. The group’s mobilization turned desperation into real, effective change that is still visible in activist work done today.

1 “Political Funerals.” ACT UP New York, 1995

2 ”HIV and AIDS --- United States, 1981--2000.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

3 “ACT UP Capsule History.” ACT UP New York.

4 “ACT UP Capsule History.” ACT UP New York.

5 Halberstam, Jack. The Queer Art of Failure. Duke University Press, 2011 (182).

6 A term used to describe a lesbian who has never had sex with a man; This document and the group in particular work to fight the transphobic and otherwise shaming nature of this term and association.

7 “Method.” The History of Sexuality, by Michel Foucault, Crane Library at the University of British Columbia, 2009 (514).

8 Northrop, Ann. How to Manipulate the News Media. How to Manipulate the News Media, ACT UP .

9 Foucault 514.

10 Foucault 515.

11 Halberstam 181.

12 “Political Funerals.”

13 Halberstam 185.

14 “The Tactics of Early Act UP.” ACT UP, ACT UP New York.

Works Cited

ACT UP Capsule History.” ACT UP New York.

Halberstam, Jack. The Queer Art of Failure. Duke University Press, 2011.

“HIV and AIDS --- United States, 1981--2000.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Manuscripts and Archives Division, The New York Public Library. "AIDS is a primary issue. Demand a national plan on AIDS." New York Public Library Digital Collections.

“Method.” The History of Sexuality, by Michel Foucault, Crane Library at the University of British Columbia, 2009.

Northrop, Ann. How to Manipulate the News Media. How to Manipulate the News Media, ACT UP.

“Political Funerals.” ACT UP New York, 1995.

“The Tactics of Early Act UP.” ACT UP, ACT UP New York.

#etc

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danaslewis · 4 years

Text

Russia’s Covid19 Crisis https://backstorywithdanalewis.buzzsprout.com

that's Russian president Vladimir Putin saying the period of non-working days for the whole country and for all sectors of the economy ends but not the fight against the epidemic. It's not over. The danger remains he added.

Speaker 2: 0:38

Hello everyone. This is Dana Lewis and welcome to another edition of backstory. As this was recorded, president Putin was in self isolation outside of Moscow, his spokesman and his prime minister among those who were in hospital with COBIT 19 Russia's number of new cases jumping more than 10,000 per day. So why was Putin announcing an end to restrictions and allowing people to go back to work while outsiders believe his government lied about the number of people dying and the stories of overcrowded, underfunded hospitals are reported by investigative Russian websites but never mentioned, of course by government controlled TV to understand what's really going on inside the country where I was based for 12 years as an American TV correspondent, I reached out to Mikhail Kasyanov He's the former prime minister who was fired by Putin in 2004 and who also leads an opposition party in Russia. And he joins me now from Moscow. Good to see you, Mikhail again. Hello. See you. How are you personally doing? You're, you're locked down like everybody else in Russia. You're at home with your family. Um, it's, it's been a number of weeks now.

Speaker 3: 1:49

Yeah, that's already a month and a half, eight weeks. We're ready. We're ready. Seating, seating at home and self isolation and the regime and portion Russia. I mean just segregation but something mixture. People don't quite understand which law is applicable right now, but people try to follow to follow the government's instructions about, some people don't, but we see the sedation is not, not, not good. It's not very good dance out in the infections every day. The virus spreading and that it is quite a concern.

Dana 2: 2:29

Are they handling this the right way?

Mikhail Kasyanov 3: 2:33

Uh, I don't think so. First of all, that was a late, I would say, early reaction. And secondly, just economic, financial support of people and businesses. Absolutely poor. And I think that will be a dramatic development during this year. I think we would lose more than 5% of GDP because government doesn't do anything in support. I think we will lose more than GDP drinking the economy by, by the end of this year.

Speaker 2: 3:03

Is he losing his grip? I mean people seem frustrated there. Um, and there is not the kind of economic aid that we're seeing in other countries and a lot of business people that, you know, that I still talk to say that they may never recover from this.

Speaker 3: 3:18

Yeah, that's a problem. That support and political problem for me supporting the, he is losing his, I would say popularity if we can say so that was not 85%, but it was like 45, 50%. And he is losing public support and especially in big cities where people realize, educated people leaving the middle class and their eyes that they're losing their money, they're losing their jobs, they're losing their businesses. And uh, just there is no response.

Speaker 2: 3:48

Played, downplayed this. And now he's outside of Moscow appearing occasionally on television. But to me and I want to do a reality check with you. He doesn't look like the tough guy. We normally see the captain of the ship that somehow to me as he usually does that he's delegated a lot of this to others and he just doesn't seem himself. Is that, what do you think?

Speaker 3: 4:12

Yeah, you picked up just an interesting feature. That's correct. He looks unusually, I would say not strong enough, although he uses the same strong words to express that everything goes out the control and everything, just he doesn't know what to do because he's going to plan to have the constitution to make a zero for himself to be another one or two terms. As a president or Russia, he losing this time, he cannot make this war, but some guy goes, but right now I don't think just people would go to war and he understands these may May 9th parade of victory over Nazi Germany and all these events he plant as a political agenda as raising his popularity and demonstrating his, I would say power and strengths. All of those features disappeared and now just he had to allocate funds. He has funds, 10% of GDP and the government reserve funds. It's not international, but also for sample ban. That's another 500 billion of years door, but we're talking about 10% of GDP in ruble, which is a budgetary fund which was created. This fund was created by me, especially specifically for such, I would say blank. This, these blank date came and people asking this question, why these, these funds are not used to help them.

Speaker 2: 5:53

You had to cancel the referendum to extend his term to make constitutional amendments,

Speaker 3: 5:58

but I mean maybe that's not very significant because you'll just hold it again and another time. It's significant for him because it was his decision and he won't put his decision to be supported if it's not supported. There's already some kind of weakness and he understands this and people will, the military will start to look at him as a, I would say not quite as strong president and that's what, that's what important psychology going in for himself. He doesn't want to be, that's why. That's why durations, it doesn't mean much. You correct just expressing this. But from the point of view of justice of Mr. Porter and his reaction of all what's going on around that's important, important to get finalize this plan to be finalized. But it is not. You and I have known each other a long time. I mean, I followed you around Russia when you were campaigning to run as an opposition president.

Speaker 3: 6:56

Uh, and you told me once that if oil slips, and I know you spend a lot of time on economics, that if oil prices slip, uh, the economy slumps, that people who put up with Putin's authoritarian regime will tire of it very quickly and he will lose power. Do you think we're there now? Uh, that's not the case. But of course I would say such fluctuations in their minds that's already in place. And that's why, and that's why they're so important for me to put them not to spend money because just that is so fun. That's the only feature of a strength of his power. He understands that he's public support is quite low and falling down. And that's why he doesn't want to spend money because just to have this helicopter money at this important for him just to later this year, even later this year because just in the few months of some kind, some kind of organized demonstration because people already complaining.

Speaker 3: 8:04

And that's why just said the patients who lose memory. So it's interesting that on mainstream television of course, you know people carry the Kremlins message because you and I both know that the main channels are programmed by the Kremlin every day. So there's no freedom of press there. But people who live inside Russia who follow a lot of the internet traffic and the digital traffic say that the mood is changing and that there are a lot of jokes and there was a lot of anger and there was a lot of criticism of Putin and the prime minister and others. Yeah, that's upsetting to correct the negative. But that's difficult time spending money to support people. He announced 1.8% of GDP while all other European countries support with the maximum of on minimum of eight 10% of GDP of their support. And put your husband smart. That's not some kind of a difficult issue to find some way to borrow, et cetera. That's already existing fund to start spending. And the supporting small and medium sized businesses and people in particular directly or those people who are losing their jobs and they have no money to feed their feminists. That is, that is the issue. The critical issue. People's minds started to, I would say the crystallized in a negative manner.

Dana Lewis 2: 9:37

That was Mikhail Kasyanov the former prime minister of Russia, a Democrat, uh, somebody whose opinion I always respect and uh, and and perspective we appreciate and thank you so much for taking the time to talk to me.

Mikhail Kasyanov 3: 9:49

Thank you for your nice words. The interview was great. Thank you. Great to talk to you.

Speaker 4: 10:01

[inaudible]

Speaker 2: 10:02

we in the Western media often overanalyze the state of Putin's grip on the Kremlin. I mean, no matter what anyone says, he's still very popular even in this crisis. And he's managed to push decision making now to local governors. So analysts say he can likely blame them when things don't go well. But I turned to one of the longest serving Western reporters in Russia to get another measure on how Putin and Russia are fearing in this crisis. Fred Weir is a journalist with the Christian science monitor. And Fred, I know you from my time in Moscow as a correspondent, I was there for 12 years and I, I consider that a pretty great track record, but I, I sent you must be double that by now.

Speaker 5: 10:45

Uh, three times almost the, I came in 1986 and have been here ever since. I mean I've lived here permanently. Yeah.

Speaker 2: 10:54

Has it gotten more difficult because people have asked me before, was it difficult to be a four course foreign correspondent based in Russia? Has it gotten more difficult for you? Do you feel you're writing the same stories about president Putin and his grasp on power endlessly with no kind of apparent progression?

Speaker 5: 11:12

No. Uh, actually my newspaper, the Christian science monitor has decided to reinvent itself as a kind of a daily news magazine thing and they positively forbid us from writing the formulaic stories. You have to go out and find some slice of life force story under the story that generates momentum. Um, they, they, uh, you know, it's a, it's a newspaper founded by a church and they have this sense of mission. But I have found that it dovetails really nicely with my own personal journalistic instincts because I'm really sick and tired of the stories that the recipe, which usually revolves around Putin and his evil doings. Uh, but it, it doesn't explain this country. And so the monitor has encouraged me to go out and do stuff. I've done all kinds of things from the North Cox's, from Siberia. You know, this is a huge diverse country that very, very little of it ever gets covered.

Speaker 2: 12:18

Absolutely. Absolutely. That's great. As we speak, I will have to bring you back to the news of the day in a sense that, you know, there's a spike in Corona virus cases is in Russia. Oil prices have hit bottom sanctions remain in place. People are locked inside. Businesses are failing. Putin doesn't appear to me to be a big guy in charge as he's always done. I mean clearly he's in charge, but he seems less robust on TV, less strategic about this because there's no one to blame, which has always been kind of his trademark craft to blame the West. Is that a fair assessment?

Speaker 5: 12:54

Yeah, I actually, I think that that, uh, he has, he has played what I think is, is a good role. Uh, I know I differ from a lot of people who can't seem to imagine that would ever do anything sensitively. But, um, he stepped back, he's handed it over to a team of technocrats, uh, had headed by prime minister [inaudible], who's now down with Corona virus himself, but also the Moscow mayor. So BN and they're very competent people. Uh, and they do all the heavy lifting. They do also also all of the bad news giving, uh, Putin sometimes has video chats with local governors and he gives these, um, fireside chat type national addresses in which he announces good news. And it sounds reassuring.

Speaker 2: 13:50

Let me just keep doing that because, uh, that's the most efficient way of handling the crisis or is he stepping back and putting it under the people's shoulders? So he can blame them later.

Speaker 5: 14:02

He doesn't, he, yes, that is the way Russian, the Russian political system has always worked. It's always been the wise are, and the bad boy ours, it's uh, it is an old formula in Russia and Putin plays it to the Hills, but he also often plays on TV. This guy who has his hand on the control panel and can handle absolutely everything. You know, he gives these press conferences where he answers questions in depth and in detail about problems of seaweeds or schools that black blackboards and things. So he, uh, he isn't doing that now. Um, and so he's criticized for not doing that, but I don't know. So far you can't say that Russia has had like a really remarkably good response to this crisis. I don't know.

Speaker 2: 14:55

Right. I mean, a lot of people feel that they, they started late, they downplayed it. They even suggested at one point on television there that the United Kingdom was responsible and Wu Han, you know, some preposterous propaganda on some of the television channels was fed to Russians.

Speaker 5: 15:11

You, you can, you can find people saying idiotic things in various corners of the Russian media, but, uh, officially they haven't done that. Uh, you, you'd be hard pressed to find even the, even their, um, international language looks like RT or split Nick, uh, purveying disinformation. They're not doing that and they're not doing it domestically. They've been pretty straight with people about how bad this is. Let's talk about Russians. I mean,

Speaker 2: 15:40

first the health care system. I mean, I've been, I've done a lot of stories in Russian hospitals and there appear now and, and you know, the healthcare system was dismal at different points and I don't know what it's like today, but there's some dim stories coming out of high school.

Speaker 5: 15:56

Doctors are locked inside sick themselves trying to combat this in an underfunded and really desperate healthcare system. Yeah, I think, I think that's true, especially in the provinces. Um, and it's also true in like half a dozen other countries. So Russia is not alone in this. Um, I don't think they've done anything exceptionally bad. Um, uh, but they, you, what is it? Red man once said, you go to war with the army, you have, so anyway, Russia has got, the healthcare system has, it's been severely reformed, reformed with quotation marks in the past 10 years or so. So all of those local Soviet hospitals and clinics across the country were closed down and they did invest in big regional hospitals, specialized hospitals. This was actually Western advice on how to remodel your healthcare system. And a lot of people are saying now that the Soviet healthcare system would have worked much better because it's localized, it doesn't, it means that most of these Corolla virus cases can be handled by those, could have been handled by these Soviet clinics with paramedics. The most people don't require, uh, like intensive care. Um, so they would have really limited the movement of people in regions in these big hospitals as they have everywhere becoming vectors of transmission, spread it far in life. Um, they also don't have this system of, of, uh, nursing homes in Russia. It's very underdeveloped. And that's another thing that has seemingly become like critical hotspots and other countries. Um, but not so far. I mean, it's hard to know. They're, they're still on the upswing.

Speaker 2: 17:52

You wrote about small business and a that it's about 20% of the economy. They are under huge pressure. Are they not? I mean, because I know some businessmen in Moscow who say that they are barely surviving and probably considering going out of business,

Speaker 5: 18:06

it's a nightmare for them. Uh, they, first of all, they're, they're a new phenomenon in this country. Well, you don't have any well-established small businesses here and uh, they are never at the top of anybody's priority list. And they often like small businesses do everywhere live very close to the ground. You, you know, you've got your street traffic, you've got, if you're a cafe or a restaurant or something, you've got certain things you depend on and if that stops, you're gone. And uh, government aid has not really stepped in. It's, it's rhetorical at this point. They did promise wage subsidies for workers in small businesses and they're supposed to get a zero interest loans. But the banks don't distribute this. I mean, it's clear the banks give priority to big business and larger established businesses. And as always, short shift goes to the small businessmen. So yeah, it is quite possible that when this thing lifts, um, that infrastructure of small businesses, small businesses, and it was just starting to really appear like Moscow in the past decade or so has really transformed. It has all kinds of restaurants, cafeterias, all many levels of consumer services that could all be gone.

Speaker 2: 19:31

You said in one of your articles, 3 million people have left Moscow. I mean, that's a quarter of the city.

Speaker 5: 19:37

Yeah, they can do that because the Russians tend to have a Datcher a country place always did. Even in Soviet times. Um, and uh, you just go there and camp. Uh, I mean that's what I'm doing. I'm living in a village outside of Moscow in what we call our Datcher. Uh, but we, we actually live here, but lots and lots of people around us are, you know, they're, they're staying, they live in Moscow and work in Moscow, but they've come out here for the duration.

Speaker 2: 20:10

Is that a good thing? Has that mean that the city is less dense? It's already a very densely populated city? Or does it create a problem where they go out into places like bar Vika where they're taking, they're transporting the virus out to maybe regional areas that are ill prepared to handle that many people coming to hospitals?

Speaker 5: 20:30

Yeah, I, I don't know if there, there is a clear and unambiguous answer to that, but I think it's good people. Uh, first of all, most services are holding up like, uh, uh, grocery delivery and things. Uh, so far good. We're in the fifth week a bit now and we just got our grocery delivery and everything was there. So, uh, I think it's, it's better to have people out of the city. It's always better to be in the countryside and the weather is mostly good now. Uh, and, and, and you can do social distancing better out here. Although in [inaudible] village, uh, there are seven cases, um, registered. So we've got it here. There's no escaping from it.

Speaker 2: 21:19

If there is a mounting challenge or a right hand turn that you, you see coming in the road, what will it be?

Speaker 5: 21:29

Um, I don't know. I, I think it depends how long this goes on. Because as, as you said in your introduction, Russia's under intense pressure. It's not just this Corona virus thing. It's ongoing sanctions, uh, and oil prices that have just collapsed again. And you have to admit, if you're sitting in my chair and having to analyze this stuff every day, that Russia has survived the past six years with that double whammy, low oil prices, Western sanctions, they not only have survived, but they built up their state finances, balanced the budget. They've done a lot of defensive things. So they're not in a bad position to handle this, but if it goes on, you know, just there's just no, no country's going to survive as it as it was. Uh, if this is another six months or something,

Speaker 2: 22:25

well, we wish you well Fred, and of course Russia, prayers to all those people struggling through this crisis. Fred, we're a friend and one of the best news correspondents you can read writing about Russia from Russia,

Speaker 5: 22:37

Christian science monitor. Thank you Fred Weir. Thanks Dana.

Speaker 2: 22:45

May 9th 75 years ago, Russia declared victory over Germany. After 30 million, Russians died fighting the Nazis. This year, the victory celebration on red square was canceled because of Colvin. 19 several hundred soldiers were already sick with the virus just rehearsing that event. But Russians are resilient and we wish them well. I have many Russian friends to them and everyone good health. I'm Dana Lewis in that our latest edition of BackStory

Episode is Live

Published: May. 16, 2020 @ 6AM Edit

#backstory danalewis mikhailkasyanov fredweir

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newyorktheater · 4 years

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In a year that has ended so dramatically off-stage, and during which so many people talked dismissively about “political theater” — but they didn’t mean anything actually happening in a work of art — it’s good to celebrate the memorable moments that happened nightly on New York stages.

These were moments that were memorable as a visual spectacle or a verbal tickle or an emotional punch, moments that meant something because of off-stage events, or meant nothing but stayed with you nevertheless. Some moments were memorable because they were lovely; some because they were ugly. There were enough memorable moments this year in so many shows (even some one might not otherwise have cared for) that the gallery below is just a sample — as was the one last year, and the year before that, and the year before that. I’m forced to focus largely on the moments with human actors — leaving out the unforgettable moments involving a live goat, a rabbit, and most of the puppets (I do mention one.)

Click on any photograph to see it enlarged and to read the extensive caption that explains each moment, which are more or less in the chronological order of the shows’ opening. Some of the moments on stage were so special that the production didn’t provide photographs of them; in such cases, I use a different photograph from that show.

Ruthie Ann Miles as Immigration Judge Craig Zerbe presided over The Courtroom, a re-enactment by Waterwell theater company of actual deportation proceedings, using the transcript. What made this an especially memorable moment was that it marked the Miles first performance in New York after a reckless driver last year killed her four-year-old daughter and caused the loss of her unborn baby.

“4.48 Psychosis,” an opera based on Sarah Kane’s play about her mental illness, featured this exchange, the words projected onto the back wall as the performers sang them: Have you made any plans? With the words projected onto the back wall, the psychiatrist had the following exchange with the patient: Have you made any plans? Take an overdose, slash my wrists then hang myself. All those things together? It couldn’t possibly be misconstrued as a cry for help.

In “Alice By Heart,” the entire colorfully-clad cast turned into a single giant caterpillar

In “The Cake,” Debra Jo Rupp portrayed Della, a good-natured Christian baker in North Carolina who refuses to bake a cake for a lesbian wedding, and then feels guilty about it. Late at night, in bed with her husband Tim, she tries to explore her conscience with him as sounding board. Tim doesn’t want to hear it. He thinks she was right to turn down the lesbians. Tim: It’s – it’s just not natural. Della: Well, neither is confectioner’s sugar!

In “Ain’t No Mo’,” the play by Jordan E. Cooper, making his Off-Broadway debut as both a playwright and an actor, African-American are leaving the United States en masse on flights to Africa. In the final scene, Cooper as pink-garbed stewardess Peaches is left behind. The final stream-of-consciousness monologue, accompanied by the voices of famous black Americans –Bessie and Billie, James Brown, James Baldwin, and Malcolm X — is a metaphor for the black experience in America, as Peaches can’t uproot the bag of black history, and is left defeated, stripped down to a bare black man, shouting “Give it back, give it back.”

“Ashes,” a haunting work of theatre that told the real-life story of an arsonist, was peopled with dozens of characters — all but the narrator are puppets. In one of many astounding moments of magic, the narrator’s father (a puppet) who is dying smokes a cigarette, and exhales the smoke, which then curls up into the air and magically forms the text: “The last thing I did to my father was lie to him.”

Ali Stroker as the fun-loving, oversexed Ado Annie in “Oklahoma!”, teases and kisses, flirts with and sings to the dim Will Parker (James Davis), — and most memorably swings with him gleefully on her wheelchair.

Andre De Shields commands the stage in Hadestown from the get-go. The show begins in complete silence as the rest of the cast watches Hermes, in his elegant, grey silk suit, slide across the stage, pause, and open a button to show a loud and splendid vest, before trombone player Briane Drye lets out a blast from jazz heaven and De Shields launches into the get-down “Road to Hell.” It’s the quietest, and most mesmerizing, opening of any show on Broadway.

“Dragon Spring Phoenix Rise” a kung-fu musical that was the inaugural show in the mammoth McCourt Theater during the inaugural season of The Shed, the arts center that’s part of the gleaming and sterile new Hudson Yards neighborhood. The musical took advantage of the space, when the performers soared up 80 feet in the air for aerial acrobatics and then back down again.

“Moulin Rouge” was thrilling from the moment you entered the theater… until about ten minutes after it began. That’s because the brightest star in this stage adaptation of Baz Luhrmann’s 2001 movie musical is designer Derek McLane’s set. Before we even take our seats, it envelopes us in love, or at least in lots of red – a huge red neon “Moulin Rouge” sign above red lights in the shape of a half a dozen hearts nestled lovingly within each other, a full-sized, red windmill full of lights perched on the box seats above us to our left, a life-sized elephant (which, for variety, is purple) in the box seats to our right…

In an arresting moment in “Deluge,” a tall white dancer dressed in black tossed up a short black dancer dressed in red, accompanied by a score that included recordings of some of the most fulsome public comments by Donald Trump and other politicians (“These are animals…Pocahontas…legitimate rape…”) The dance company whose members wrote, choreographed and performed this remarkable piece is called Loco-Motion Dance Theater for Children, and they were performing as part of the 16th annual Rebel Verses Youth Arts Festival, an exciting and inspiring show presenting artists ages 13 to 19 from some dozen youth theater companies. The festival was almost as impressive for what was not on stage as for what was: There were no teenage cliques, no obsession with popularity. It was not the standard depiction of teenagers in even well-meaning shows on Broadway

“Sincerity Forever,” one of the five plays in Perfect Catatrophes, a festival of Mac Wellman plays, takes place in a fictional Southern town named Hillsbottom. Jesus H. Christ, a black woman, comes visiting and the town’s teenagers, dressed casually in Klu Klux Klan’s outfits, are oblivious. In the first of several memorable moments, two of the teens admit that they are ignorant – “I don’t know why the sky is blue, and I don’t know what ‘blue’ is, and I don’t know why I don’t know,” — but conclude that their ignorance must nonetheless somehow be God’s plan. “the most important thing is not what you know, but whether you’re sincere or not.”

At the end of “Novenas for a Lost Hospital,” which sweeps through the 161-year history of St. Vincent’s Hospital in Greenwich Village, focusing on the cholera and AIDS epidemics, Kathleen Chalfant as Mother Seton leads the audience down the narrow staircase to the street, and then the block and a half over to the so-called St. Vincent’s Triangle, a new park across the street from where the hospital once stood. It’s the site of the New York City AIDS Memorial. The audience stood in a circle for the epilogue, beneath the white steel triangle canopy of the memorial.

In “The Great Society,” which chronicles the final four years of LBJ’s presidency, we get out of the White House in just a handful of scenes. In the most memorable, Jimmy Lee Jackson, a 26-year-old Alabaman tries to register to vote, and is killed doing so, which leads to the confrontations between Civil Rights marchers and Alabama troops on the Edmund Pettus Bridge.

There is one spectacularly funny moment in “Scotland, PA” musical comedy version of “Macbeth,” which is based on Billy Morrissette’s 2001 movie, and is set in a fast-food restaurant in the “podunk town” of Scotland, Pennsylvania in 1975. After married couple Mac and Pat Kill Duncan, they take over his restaurant. All the fast-food workers are dressed in construction jumpsuits and the establishment is covered with canvas. Suddenly, all the workers strip off their outfit, and simultaneously all the canvas falls off, and we see red and gold costumes, red and gold décor, a huge yellow M sign, and the new name of the restaurant: McBeth’s. This is one of the two shows this year in New York that featured a funny scene involving McDonald’s. The other was Soft Power — which opened the same week!

At the end of Tina, The Tina Turner Musical, Adrienne Warner — dressed in trademark tight red leather mini-dress, highest of heels and tallest of wigs, ascending a staircase of flashing lights backed by a raucous band each in his own Hollywood Square — delivers Tina Turner’s greatest hits – Nutbush City Limits, Proud Mary ( “Rollin’, rollin’ rollin’ on the river…”) – and we all rise as one, ecstatic, and swoon.. I’m not sure what it says – but it says something – that this greatest moment in the musical’s nearly three hours occurs after the curtain call.

This sexy scene in The Inheritance is not actually the most memorable in the play. That comes at the end of the first part of this two-part play, when the young gay men who died during the peak of the AIDS epidemic walk from the back of the theater one by one to the stage to shake hands with the living.

In “You Oughta Know,” the exhilarating show-stopping number from Jagged Little Pill, Jo confronts her girlfriend Jackie, whom she had discovered in bed with a new boy in their high school named Phoenix: “Every time you speak his name, does he know how you told me you’d be there until you died. Til you died, but you’re still alive….you, you, you oughta know. You, you,you,you…” As Jo, Lauren Patten’s delivery of the song is so forceful and electric that it prompted a standing ovation.

Memorable Moments on Stage in 2019 In a year that has ended so dramatically off-stage, and during which so many people talked dismissively about "political theater" -- but they didn't mean anything actually happening in a work of art -- it's good to celebrate the memorable moments that happened nightly on New York stages.

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maestasbqhansonet90insuranc-blog · 5 years

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Ideas for a research essay on Private Health Insurance?

Hey, We re supposed to write an essay on any topic of our choice and show it relates to well being and opportunity in Canada while addressing inequalities (that part is optional). I m thinking of writing on Private Health Insurance in Canada. But what can I focus on on in terms of the health insurance. Any suggestions

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kennethherrerablog · 6 years

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Don’t Lose Your Home. Fight Eviction With These 4 Strategies

A few months before the housing market began to implode, 22-year-old Alisa Daly and her boyfriend — now husband — were expecting their first child.

Working at a small trucking company in Arizona, she was close friends with the office manager, and her mother worked for the same firm. So Daly was shocked when her mom called and told Daly she was about to be laid off. Then, a few months after that, the couple’s car broke down and her boyfriend was fired when he didn’t show up for work.

“It made us feel miserable, overwhelmed, depressed and angry,” Daly says. “We couldn't get a job anywhere, doing anything. And no one would hire someone that was pregnant.”

As a renter in 2007, she was able to avoid eviction, unlike the 958,000 tenants who were evicted during the housing crisis. But she was on the precipice of a life-changing, community-altering tragedy, according to recent data compiled by the Eviction Lab, a project spearheaded by Princeton University professor Matthew Desmond with millions of dollars in support from the Gates, JPB and Ford Foundations and the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative.

Luckily, Daly, now a homeowner, negotiated a week-to-week payment plan to avoid falling behind in rent — demonstrating what experts say is your best bet if you’re facing eviction. She said dividing the rent into weekly amounts made it easier to budget for.

But when she moved to break her lease after an attempted burglary at her apartment, she also avoided any additional fees by hiring a lawyer and arguing that the landlord had violated the lease by not maintaining the apartment adequately — another option to fight an eviction proceeding.

Even as foreclosures have fallen 67% since the Great Recession, rental evictions declined only 9.6% to 898,479 in 2016, the latest year that statistics are available. And with experts growing concerned about housing affordability, particularly for renters, and wages remaining mostly stagnant, the eviction epidemic is likely to continue.

“If you live in a community that is plagued by eviction, then it is absolutely an epidemic, but it’s an epidemic that’s always been occurring,” said David Dworkin, president and CEO of the National Housing Conference and former housing policy adviser at the U.S. Treasury Department. “And if you don’t live in one of those communities, it’s an epidemic that’s been easy to ignore.”

Here’s Some General Advice on How to Stop an Eviction

Since the Eviction Lab had difficulty compiling all eviction records from some states, including New York and California, the real numbers of people evicted are likely in the millions each year. It could be your neighbor. A family member. It might even be you.

As Alisa Daly’s story shows, you could end up facing eviction through no fault of your own.

Maricopa County, Arizona, Judge Pro Tem Jeremy Rovinsky can see 100 eviction proceedings during a busy day as he does temporary time behind the bench in civil court.

“It’s very difficult for me I have to look people in the eye, people who are struggling, people who are suffering, and tell them they have to leave their home,” he says. “The worst part of my job is having go look them in the eye and say this is the law.”

So how does an eviction work?

First, it’s illegal for landlords to try to evict you by themselves by changing the locks, turning off utilities or through any other method. They must go through the court system.

In most cases, you’ll be served with a notice to vacate, after which you will go before a judge. Be aware that it’s rare for a tenant to win an eviction case for nonpayment. If the judge rules in favor of the landlord, a law enforcement officer will show up and you’ll be forced out of your home.

Although specific eviction laws vary state-by-state, there are some general things you can do if you are facing eviction due to nonpayment of rent. Below, you can see the specific time frames landlords must follow during eviction proceedings, depending on your state.

Negotiate Any Way You Can With Your Landlord or Leasing Company

Usually, it’s in your landlord’s best interest to work out a payment plan so you don’t fall too far behind on rent. For Daly, that meant a week-to-week plan, but it could even be a grace period until you get back on your feet.

But be certain you get whatever agreement you come to in writing.

“[The landlord] neither wants the headache of going to court [n]or that apartment empty,” Rovinsky says.

Documents, Documents, Documents

Depending on your state, or county, there are technicalities that could force your landlord to halt eviction proceedings. These include failure to keep up the property or any sort of retaliation for demanding the landlord follow local tenant laws.

But you’ll need plenty of evidence. Hang on to your lease and read it thoroughly — or if you lost it, pick up a copy from your local Clerk of the Court. Save emails, memos and letters from your landlord and take photos of the property.

“Pictures really are worth 1,000 words in these situations,” said Alan Mills, executive director of the Uptown People’s Law Center in Chicago. “Judges have to figure out who’s telling the truth, and the more documentation, the better chance you have.”

Find a Legal-Aid Service or Church Group Near You

With all of the fine print in each state’s landlord-tenant laws, it was difficult enough just researching this article. If you lose a job, and especially if you have a family to look after, it can be head-spinning to figure out your legal options in an eviction process.

For one, know that a landlord can never lock you out or turn off the utilities — so stay calm and figure out your next move with the help of a local legal-aid office. Most are low-cost or free, and because they focus on working with marginalized folks, they’ll likely have an expert on tenants’ rights.

Rovinsky, the Arizona judge, recently had an eviction case in which a church congregation stepped in with $500 so a tenant could afford to avoid eviction for at least that month. Sometimes it can take just a month for you to get back on your feet.

Have a Backup Plan if You Can’t Fight the Eviction

“Make a contingency plan,” Mills says. “The worst thing that can happen to anyone is having the sheriff come put your stuff out on the street.”

That means using what savings you may have to rent a cheap storage unit for a month. And make sure you have a plan to keep your kids and family in place — whether that be with relatives or a homeless shelter.

Your first step should be to call the nationwide resource assistance hotline 211.

Once you are stabilized, know that an eviction will remain on your record. So before you pay for a background check when you are looking for a new apartment or home to rent, be up front with the landlord. You could spend half a month’s rent on background checks alone if you get denied a few times, Mills said.

But don’t lose hope; nonpayment of rent is the least harmful type of eviction to have on your record.

“If landlords only rented to people who have never been evicted, there would be a lot of open property,” Rovinsky said. “It doesn’t mean you’ll never rent again or that your life is over.”

Here Are State-By-State Eviction Guidelines

These brief guidelines will help you understand the timeline and some rights you have as a tenant if you can’t pay rent on time. There are many legal variations in each jurisdiction and even by housing type — and we are not authorized to give legal advice — so we have provided contact numbers for legal-aid services and tenants’-rights groups.

These organizations should help you understand your rights better and may help fight a potential eviction.

The Penny Hoarder also analyzed eviction rates — the percentage of rental properties where tenants faced an eviction in 2016 — to show the cities with the most evictions. For context, the national eviction rate is around 2.3%.

Alabama Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Washington DC Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming

Alabama

In Alabama, the landlord must give the tenant notice and seven days to vacate unless the rental agreement is met. During that week, the tenant can pay the rent and the landlord is legally not allowed to pursue an eviction.

Legal Services Alabama, Statewide, 866-456-4995

Montgomery — 5.82%

Gadsden — 5.53%

Hueytown — 3.76%

Tillman’s Corner — 3.76%

Mobile — 3.66%

Arizona

In Arizona, where Rovinsky hears cases, tenants have five days’ notice ahead of being evicted. But there are three ways to fight an eviction in this state: Pay the rent in full within the five days; pay the rent in full and cover any applicable late fees after five days; or, before a final judgment, pay the rent, late fees and any court costs.

Drexel Heights — 6.15%

Tucson — 6.03%

Casas Adobes — 2.91%

Marana — 2.53%

Catalina Foothills — 1.99%

Arkansas

In Arkansas, landlords have two ways to evict you from your rental: a civil lawsuit or a criminal charge. If they pursue the former, they have to give you a three-day written notice that they will be suing you for “unlawful detainer” if you don’t vacate the property. After you receive a court summons, you have five days to object to the eviction.

In the case of a criminal charge, they will give you a 10-day notice of failure to vacate. If you don’t leave in 10 days, you’ll be charged with a misdemeanor and could be fined up to $25 for each additional day you stay.

Legal Aid of Arkansas, Jonesboro, 800-967-9224

Center for Arkansas Legal Services, Little Rock, 501-376-3423

Legal Aid of Arkansas, Statewide, 800-952-9243

Jacksonville — 1.99%

Marion — 1.96%

West Memphis — 1.85%

Little Rock — 1.76%

North Little Rock — 1.68%*

*These are eviction filings as opposed to actual evictions.

California

California law requires landlords to provide a three-day notice to vacate. If a tenant doesn’t pay rent within those three days, the landlord can file an eviction.

Bay Area Legal Aid, Oakland, 510-663-4755

Legal Aid Foundation of Los Angeles, 323-801-7991

Hemet — 5.08%

Moreno Valley — 4.81%

Perris — 3.31%

Arden-Arcade — 2.97%

Rancho Cordova — 2.86%

Colorado

Like California, Colorado also provides a three-day window before landlords can move to evict a tenant. But in this state, if you pay rent within that three-day period, the landlord can’t proceed with the eviction. If the tenants move out within three days, they are still liable for rent, and if the security deposit doesn’t cover the amount owed, the landlord may sue the tenant for the difference.

Colorado Affordable Legal Services, Denver, 303-996-0010

Northglenn — 6.24%

Aurora — 5.52%

Welby — 5.4%

Sherrelwood — 5.16%

Thornton — 4.64%

Connecticut

Connecticut has one of the more lenient nonpayment-of-rent laws, with the tenant given a nine-day period before the landlord can begin pursuing an eviction. But after that time frame, the landlord can give a three-day notification to move out of the rental.

Then, as in other states, a judge will weigh both sides during an eviction hearing if the tenant wants to challenge the eviction.

Connecticut Fair Housing Center, Hartford, 860-247-4400

Connecticut Legal Services, Middletown, 860-344-0447

Waterbury — 6.1%

Hartford — 5.73%

Bridgeport — 5.03%

New Britain — 4.68%

Meriden — 4.45%

Delaware

Tenants in Delaware have five days after the missed rent period to pay their landlord (once served with a notice to pay). If they don’t pay in that time frame, they will have to either fight the eviction in court or vacate the premises.

Legal Services Corporation of Delaware, Wilmington, 302-734-8820; 302-575-0408

Delaware Legal Help Link, Statewide, 302-478-8850

Wilmington — 7.62%

Glasgow — 7.05%

Dover — 6.94%

Bear — 6.04%

Brookside — 4.29%

Washington DC

In Washington, D.C., a landlord has to provide a 30-day window for the renter to pay rent in full with an official notice. But this is sometimes waived in rental agreements.

If a judge rules in favor of the landlord, the tenant has three days before removal from the property. D.C. is also a “pay-and-stay” jurisdiction, where tenants have until U.S. Marshals remove them from the rental to pay the rent and associated late fees.

D.C. Tenants' Rights Center, Washington, 202-681-6871

Howard University School of Law Fair Housing Clinic, Washington, 202-806-8082

Districtwide — 2.59%

Florida

In the Sunshine State, a landlord must send an official three-day notice for the tenant to pay rent. If the tenant pays within three business days of receiving the notice, the landlord cannot legally proceed with an eviction. But, if you fail to pay rent within those three days, you will be served with a summons and have five days to respond to the eviction lawsuit

Florida Housing Coalition, Tallahassee, 850-878-4219

Jacksonville Area Legal Aid, 904-356-8371

Lauderhill — 7%

Pine Hills — 5.88%

Jacksonville — 5.34%

University (Tampa area) — 5.26%

Miramar — 4.65%

Georgia

Landlords in Georgia do not have to wait between notifying tenants about missing rent and filing an eviction notice. So once tenants receive a notice, they may end up in eviction court right away.

Also, Georgia law doesn’t require a written eviction notice, so a landlord can verbally serve an eviction notice. But Georgia law does allow the tenant to pay without penalty the owed rent within seven days after receiving a court summons.

Atlanta Volunteer Lawyers Foundation, 404-521-0790

Georgia Legal Services Program, Atlanta, 404-206-5175

Redan — 13.99%

Union City — 11.67%

East Point — 11.3%

Candler-McAfee — 11.17%

Warner Robins — 10.69%

Hawaii

Landlords in Hawaii must provide tenants with a written five-day notice before pursuing an eviction.

Hawaii Fair Housing Enforcement Program at Legal Aid Society of Hawaii, Honolulu, 808-536-4302

Hilo — 0.51%

Kihei — 0.41%

Kahului — 0.26%

Idaho

Idaho law also requires a written three-day notice be provided to the tenant before proceeding with the eviction process. A tenant can pay rent within that window to stop the eviction proceedings.

Also, Idaho law allows tenants to withhold rent to request repairs..

Idaho Legal Aid Services, Boise, 208-336-8980

Nampa — 1.31%

Post Falls — 1.29%

Burley — 1.2%

Caldwell — 1.18%

Twin Falls — 1.16%

Illinois

Illinois law calls for a five-day notice before a tenant can be sued for eviction. If the tenant pays rent in that time frame, the landlord can’t pursue an eviction.

Illinois Tenants Union, Chicago, 773-478-1133

Legal Aid Society of Metropolitan Family Services, Chicago, 312-986-4000

Matteson — 5.92%

Crest Hill — 5.5%

Kankakee — 5.35%

East St. Louis — 5.27%

Bolingbrook — 4.67%

Indiana

Indiana may have a high eviction rate compared with the rest of the country, but it does have a more lenient landlord-tenant law, at least when it comes to the notice. Landlords are required to provide a 10-day written notice before filing suit, during which time the tenant can pay back rent.

Indiana Legal Services, Statewide, 844-243-8570; Bloomington office, 812-339-7668 or 800-822-4774

Indiana University Bloomington Tenant Assistant Project

Griffith — 11.27%

Marion — 8.52%

Elkhart — 8.50%

Auburn — 8.06%

Kokomo — 7.95%

Iowa

Iowa landlords are required to give tenants a three-day window to pay the owed rent before filing an eviction lawsuit. If the tenant pays rent during that time frame, the landlord can’t sue for eviction.

Iowa Legal Aid, Statewide, 800-532-1275

Waterloo — 5.73%

Davenport — 4.72%

Clinton — 4.02%

Ottumwa — 3.72%

Council Bluffs — 3.49%

Kansas

In Kansas, landlords must provide a three-day notice for tenancies that have lasted less than three months and a 10-day notice for those that have been in place longer.

Kansas Legal Services, Topeka, 800-723-6953

Edwardsville — 7.68%

Park City — 6.88%

Kansas City — 5.60%

Bonner Springs — 4.86%

Wichita — 4.44%

Kentucky

In Kentucky, tenants are given a seven-day window to pay rent before a landlord can pursue eviction. But like most states, a tenant can fight the eviction in court if the landlord did not hold up his or her end of the lease agreement.

Legal Aid of the Bluegrass, Lexington, 859-431-8200

Kentucky Legal Aid, Western Kentucky, 866-452-9243

Legal Aid Society, Louisville, 502-584-1254

Shively — 5.45%

Franklin — 4.84%

Louisville — 4.82%

Lexington-Fayette — 4.59%

Campbellsville — 4.48%

Louisiana

Louisiana law calls for a five-day notice before a landlord can file an eviction lawsuit. However, that five days is only a grace period to vacate; the state does not allow the tenant to pay rent and avoid eviction.

Legal Services of North Louisiana, Shreveport, 318-222-7186

Southeast Louisiana Legal Services, Baton Rouge, 225-448-0331; Hammond, 985-345-2130; Covington, 985-893-0076

Woodmere — 7.23%

Baton Rouge — 6.45%

Slidell — 5.49%

Baker — 5.13%

Marrero — 4.30%

Maine

In Maine, a tenant must fall seven days behind in rent before a landlord can issue a notice of eviction. After that, a tenant has seven days to pay rent to stop the eviction proceedings.

Pine Tree Legal Assistance, Portland, 207-774-8211

Waterville — 5.25%

Lewiston — 4.79%

Sanford — 4.68%

Augusta — 4.28%

Biddeford — 4.25%

Maryland

Maryland is one state that has no notification period for landlords who want to evict a tenant. Technically, they can sue a tenant for eviction the day after they serve the resident with a notice.

Still, if tenants pay rent, late fees and court costs on or before the day of the hearing, they can avoid eviction.

Public Justice Center, Baltimore, 410-625-9409

Maryland Legal Aid, Baltimore, 410-951-7777

South Laurel — 7.14%

Chillum — 3.37%

Bowie — 1.93%

Laurel — 1.88%

College Park — 1.50%

Massachusetts

To avoid being sued for eviction, tenants in Massachusetts have a 14-day period to pay rent or vacate their rental after a landlord serves legal papers.

Alliance of Cambridge Tenants, 617-499-7031

Quincy Community Action Programs, 617-479-818, ext. 4

Haverhill — 2.93%

Lynn — 2.75%

Weymouth — 2.71%

Brockton — 2.69%

Framingham — 2.53%

Michigan

Michigan-based landlords must serve a written seven-day notice before they can file to evict a tenant. The tenant can pay the owed rent within that window to remain in the rental, however.

Lakeshore Legal Aid, Statewide, 888-783-8190

Michigan Poverty Law Program, Ann Arbor, 734-998-6100

Muskegon — 10.91%

Saginaw — 10.54%

Battle Creek — 9.98%

Dearborn Heights — 9.82%

Jackson — 9.71%

Minnesota

In Minnesota, landlords aren’t required to give any notice before pursuing an eviction unless the tenant is “at will” — meaning under an informal, usually month-to-month lease. In that case, a landlord must provide a 14-day notice to vacate before suing for eviction.

Home Line, Minneapolis, 866-866-3546

Southern Minnesota Regional Legal Services, St. Paul, 888-575-2954

East Bethel — 2.59%

Brooklyn Park — 1.86%

Brooklyn Center — 1.44%

Moorhead — 1.38%

Ramsey — 1.23%

Mississippi

Mississippi law requires a three-day notice to pay rent before a landlord can file an eviction lawsuit against a tenant for nonpayment.

Mission First Legal Aid, Jackson, 601-608-0050, ext. 2

Mississippi Center for Legal Services, Statewide, 800-498-1804

Horn Lake — 11.90%

Gulfport — 9.68%

Pascagoula — 9.38%

Jackson — 8.75%

Southaven — 7.86%

Missouri

Unlike most states, Missouri doesn’t have a specific time requirement for a landlord to demand rent before filing an eviction. However, most legal sites do recommend that landlords give at least three days’ notice.

Arch City Defenders, St. Louis, 855-724-2489

Legal Services of Eastern Missouri, St. Louis, 314-534-4200 or 800-444-0514

Spanish Lake — 14.33%

Old Jamestown — 12.76%

Bellefontaine Neighbors — 11.51%

Berkeley — 9.13%

Murphy — 8.75%

Montana

In Montana, a a tenant has three days to pay rent upon being served with a notice of late payment by the landlord.

Montana Legal Services Association, Statewide, 800-666-6899

Evergreen — 3.69%

Lockwood — 2.02%

Hardin — 1.92%

Butte-Silver Bow — 1.86%

Great Falls — 1.81%

Nebraska

In Nebraska, a landlord must serve a three-day notice to a tenant who is late on rent. The renter can avoid eviction by paying within that three-day window.

Legal Aid of Nebraska, Statewide, 877-250-2016

Plattsmouth — 4.79%

Omaha — 3.87%

Waverly — 3.24%

Chalco — 2.68%

Bellevue — 2.63%

Nevada

Nevada state statutes require landlords to serve a tenant with a five-day notice to pay rent before proceeding with an eviction. If the tenant pays rent in that window, the landlord can’t pursue the eviction.

Legal Aid Center of Southern Nevada, Las Vegas, 702-386-1070

Nevada Legal Services, Las Vegas, 702-386-0404; Reno, 775-284-3491 or 800-323-8666

Whitney — 6.82%

North Las Vegas — 5.82%

Sunrise Manor — 5.31%

Winchester — 5.15%

Paradise — 4.33%

New Hampshire

New Hampshire law provides a one-week time frame for a tenant to pay rent to avoid eviction. This seven-day period begins when the landlord serves the tenant with a written notice, and tenants can pay rent in full plus $15 during that period.

New Hampshire Legal Aid, Statewide, 800-639-5290

(No data on percentage of evictions available.)

New Jersey

New Jersey law doesn’t require a landlord to give a tenant a window to pay rent that is owed, so a tenant may face an eviction lawsuit immediately after failing to pay rent.

New Jersey Tenants Organization, Fort Lee, 201-342-3775

Fair Share Housing Center, Cherry Hill, 856-665-5444

South Plainfield — 0.07%

Newark — 0.05%

Westfield — 0.04%

Clifton — 0.03%

East Orange — 0.03%

New Mexico

New Mexico law requires landlords to serve tenants with a three-day notice to pay rent before pursuing an eviction.

New Mexico Legal Aid, Statewide, 833-545-4357

Albuquerque — 4.72%

Clovis — 3.58%

Roswell — 3.53%

South Valley — 3.10%

Grants — 2.93%

New York

New York landlords must give tenants three days to pay rent before pursuing an eviction. If the renter pays within that window, the landlord can’t sue for eviction.

Legal Services NYC, New York, 917-661-4500

Legal Services of Central New York, Syracuse, 877-777-6152

Poughkeepsie — 2.76%

Auburn — 1.74%

New York — 1.615 (Bronx, 6.23%, Brooklyn, 1.28%, Staten Island, 3.42%)

Watertown — 1.45%

Middletown — 0.95%

North Carolina

If a tenant is late paying rent in North Carolina, the landlord must serve a written notice that gives the renter 10 days to pay before filing an eviction. If the tenant pays within that window, the landlord can’t proceed with the eviction.

Pisgah Legal Services, Statewide, 828-253-0406, 800-489-6144

Graham — 11.14%

Kinston — 10.24%

Shelby — 9.10%

Henderson — 9.08%

Wilson — 8.60%

North Dakota

In North Dakota, a landlord must provide the tenant a three-day notice of eviction, and it must be served by a process server or deputy.

Ohio

In Ohio, the landlord must give a tenant a three-day notice before suing for eviction. However, unlike in other states, the landlord is not obligated to accept a rent payment during that period or halt the eviction process.

Legal Aid Society of Greater Cincinnati, 513-241-9400, 800-582-2682

Legal Aid Society of Cleveland Tenant Information Line, Cleveland, 216-861-5955. (For legal help, dial 216-687-1900 or 888-817-3777.)

Legal Aid Society of Columbus, 614-241-2001

East Cleveland — 8.87%

Middletown — 8.41%

Canton — 8.34%

Euclid — 7.93%

Trotwood — 7.72%

Oklahoma

Oklahoma law requires a landlord to serve the tenant with a five-day notice to pay rent before pursuing an eviction.

Legal Aid Services of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, 405-521-1302

Neighbor for Neighbor, Tulsa, 918-425-5578

Tulsa — 7.77%

Del City — 7.32%

Midwest City — 6.63%

Durant — 6.46%

Oklahoma City — 6.19%

Oregon

Oregon has a more lenient law for nonpayment of rent, with a landlord required to wait eight days before serving the tenant with a notice of eviction. Then, the tenant has three days to pay rent or face an eviction lawsuit.

But the landlord has another option: Serve a six-day notice to pay rent on the fifth day after rent is due. Both give 11 days for a tenant to catch up on rent.

Legal Aid Services of Oregon, Portland, 503-224-4086

Portland Tenants United, 503-836-7881

Gresham — 2%

Springfield — 1.86%

Hayesville — 1.65%

Medford — 1.62%

Salem — 1.62%

Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania law requires a landlord to give a 10-day notice of eviction to the tenant, who can pay during that period and avoid eviction.

Regional Housing Legal Services, Glenside, 215-572-7300

Community Legal Services of Philadelphia, 215-981-3700

Glenolden — 10.03%

Folcroft — 6.99%

Brookhaven — 6.91%

Reading — 6.22%

Uniontown — 4.29%

Rhode Island

In Rhode Island, tenants have 15 days to pay rent after the due date before a landlord can serve them with a five-day notice to pay. If the renters don’t pay in those five days, the owner can pursue an eviction.

Rhode Island Legal Services, Providence, 401-274-2652

Providence — 3.82%

Cranston — 2.63%

Warwick — 2.44%

South Carolina

South Carolina law requires the landlord to serve a five-day written notice when the tenant is late with rent before filing an eviction lawsuit. However, the landlord can file suit without notice if the following language is in the lease agreement:

“IF YOU DO NOT PAY YOUR RENT ON TIME. This is your notice. If you do not pay your rent within five days of the due date, the landlord can start to have you evicted. You will get no other notice as long as you live in this rental unit.”

South Carolina Legal Services, Statewide, 888-346-5592

Ladson — 24.00%

St. Andrews — 20.66%

Dentsville — 19.01%

Hanahan — 17.84%

Florence — 16.65%

South Dakota

South Dakota law gives tenants three days to pay rent after it is due. The landlord can serve a three-day notice and file an eviction lawsuit if the rent isn’t paid in that window.

Dakota Plains Legal Services, Mission, 605-856-4444, 800-658-2297

East River Legal Services, Sioux Falls, 800-952-3015

Summerset — 1.9%

Brandon — 1.28%

Box Elder — 1.26%

Harrisburg — 1.09%

Rapid Valley — 1.09%*

* These are eviction filings as opposed to actual evictions.

Tennessee

In Tennessee, landlords must serve a 14-day notice to pay rent once the tenant is late. If the rent remains unpaid, then the owner can sue for eviction.

Memphis Area Legal Services, 901-523-8822

West Tennessee Legal Services, 17 counties, 731-423-0616 or 800-372-8346

Memphis — 4.89%

Athens — 4.13%

Clarksville — 3.90%

Cleveland — 3.51%

Nashville-Davidson — 3.42%

Texas

Texas is another state that requires a three-day notices before the landlord can file for eviction.

Austin Tenants Council, 512-474-1961

Lone Star Legal Aid, Houston, 800-733-8394

Killeen — 7.67%

White Settlement — 6.39%

Dickinson — 6.23%

Texas City — 5.98%

Fresno — 5.62%

Utah

Utah law requires a landlord to give the tenant a three-day notice before suing for eviction.

Utah Legal Services, Salt Lake City, 801-328-8891 (in Salt Lake County), 800-662-4245 (outside Salt Lake County)

Murray — 2.31%

West Valley City — 2.26%

Taylorsville — 1.97%

Midvale — 1.82%

Magna — 1.79%

Vermont

Vermont is another state with lenient laws regarding nonpayment of rent. When a tenant is overdue on rent, the landlord must issue a 14-day notice to pay before filing an eviction lawsuit.

Vermont Legal Aid, Statewide, 800-889-2047

Barre — 0.23

Montpelier — 0.11

St. Johnsbury — 0.08

St. Albans — 0.06

Virginia

In Virginia, landlords must issue a five-day notice to pay rent before starting eviction proceedings against a tenant.

Northern Virginia Affordable Housing Alliance, Northern Virginia, 571-572-2238

Legal Aid Justice Center, Charlottesville, 434-529-1849

Central Virginia Legal Aid Society, 21 counties and municipalities, 800-868-1012

Petersburg — 17.56%

Hopewell — 15.69%

Portsmouth — 15.07%

Richmond — 11.44%

Hampton — 10.49%

Washington

Washington requires a landlord to issue a three-day notice to pay rent before suing a tenant for eviction.

Fair Housing Center of Washington, Tacoma, 253-274-9523

Everett — 2.06%

Parkland — 1.99%

Lakewood — 1.89%

Longview — 1.74%

Spokane — 1.66%

West Virginia

West Virginia laws allow landlords to immediately terminate a lease and file an eviction lawsuit as soon as the tenant fails to pay rent on time.

Legal Aid of West Virginia, Statewide, 866-255-4370

Martinsburg — 10.22%

Ranson — 8.09%

Westover — 7.83%

Elkins — 7.14%

Beckley — 5.75%

Wisconsin

A landlord has two options for evicting a tenant for failure to pay rent. The owner can issue a five-day notice, in which time the tenant can pay up to avoid eviction. Or the owner can issue a 14-day notice to vacate, in which the tenant has no choice but to move out or face eviction.

Legal Action of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, 414-278-7722

Tenant Resource Center, Madison, 608-257-0006 ext. 5

Racine — 5.56%

Beloit — 4.34%

Milwaukee — 4.25%

Kenosha — 3.89%

Janesville — 3.39%

Wyoming

Wyoming-based landlords must provide a three-day notice to tenants before pursuing an eviction lawsuit.

Legal Aid of Wyoming, Statewide, 877-432-9955

Casper — 1.76%

Riverton — 0.91%

Lander — 0.85%

Rock Springs — 0.80%

Evanston — 0.78%

Alex Mahadevan is a data journalist at The Penny Hoarder.

This was originally published on The Penny Hoarder, which helps millions of readers worldwide earn and save money by sharing unique job opportunities, personal stories, freebies and more. The Inc. 5000 ranked The Penny Hoarder as the fastest-growing private media company in the U.S. in 2017.

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Don’t Lose Your Home. Fight Eviction With These 4 Strategies published first on https://justinbetreviews.tumblr.com/

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nofomoartworld · 7 years

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Hyperallergic: Required Reading

Andy Warhol’s first photo booth self-portrait, “Self-Portrait” (1963–64), is going to auction at Sotheby’s London. Priscilla Frank writes: “Sotheby’s describes the piece as a ‘turning point,’ as it’s the first time Warhol incorporated his own image into his work.” (via Huffington Post)

Carolina Miranda of the LA Times scored an important interview. She talks to Sam Durant about his “Scaffold” project that was dismantled at Minneapolis’s Walker Art Center. He reasserts that he doesn’t feel censored:

Censorship is when a more powerful group or individual removes speech or images from a less powerful party. That wasn’t the case. The Dakota are certainly not more powerful, in political terms, or in terms of the international art world. I could have said at any point, “No, I want the work to stay up as it is, end of story. Walker, you deal with it.”

But I chose to do what I did freely. For me, it was that the work no longer fulfilled my intentions. I always hope my work would be in support of Native American struggle and justice. To hear that it was harming them, I felt terrible. I had to change it.

When [the mediation session] ended, the mood was good. From my perspective, I was like, “Oh, wow, I just did something that has never been done. And what does this mean? I hope I made the right decision.” I had those kinds of feelings. But as time went on, I know I did the right thing.

On the morning of April 24, Delhi’s architecture community was shocked that, in the middle of the night, the city’s Hall of Nations and the four Halls of Industries had been demolished. The Hall of Nations was the world’s first and largest-span space-frame structure built in reinforced concrete. It also holds special significance in India’s postcolonial history — it was inaugurated in 1972 to commemorate 25 years of the country’s independence. Here are some thoughts on the tragic history of architectural preservation in India (images below):

The demolition was met with widespread condemnation by architects and historians alike, not just because of the loss of an important piece of Delhi’s heritage, but also for the clandestine manner in which the demolition was conducted.

… There are two significant questions that beg to be asked at this point. First, how in a city with several heritage preservation agencies does a situation arise where the judiciary is left to make calls on the fate of structures widely viewed as having heritage value? Second, what exactly constitutes the architectural heritage of a city with a history spanning more than two millennia?

‘Tearing down an icon’ Hall of nations was one of the most iconic buildings of Indian modernism and engineering skill. ‘It represented a young nation’s optimism and belief in progress through science and innovation.’ The idea of a national building was achieved here by sheer architectural and engineering merit being the first concrete space frame in India and probably one of its kind in the world. Title and Excerpt-Indian Express At Pragati Maidan With @dhwani_._ @shahkunth Picture courtesy – @shahkunth @s__nilay #delhidiaries #capital #monochromeemotions #concrete #iconic #hallofnations #leewardists #indiapictures #_soi #tearingdown #deathofmordernism #engineering #marvel #indiantravelsquad #incredibleindia

A post shared by nilay (@s__nilay) on May 17, 2017 at 11:45am PDT

Theodore Kerr writes about the six New York activists who changed the face of LGBTQ and AIDS activism with their “Silence = Death” slogan:

The origins of Silence = Death, which stands alongside We Shall Overcome, Sí Se Puede, We Are the 99%, and #blacklivesmatter as a touchstone of social justice movements, can be traced to a New York diner in 1985. Nights earlier, Socarrás recalls, he was “walking down Broadway towards Astor Place and having this irresistible impulse to throw myself on the sidewalk and pound my fists on the ground. I had to stop myself. I wanted to wail to heaven.” Over the previous few years he had lost so many men he loved that he stopped writing down their names after his list reached 100. That night, he remembers, he “watched that potential scenario [play out in my mind] and thought, ‘I can either do that or I can try to do something with this energy.’ ”

He reached out to Finkelstein, whose boyfriend had recently died, in hopes of connecting with someone who could empathize. They made a plan to meet, and Socarrás invited his friend Johnston to tag along. The three bonded over how their straight friends, as caring as some could be, had no comprehension of what gay men were going through during the epidemic. “It felt like we were in a movie,” Finkelstein remembers. “The depth of field shifted and everything went out of focus, because I felt so engaged by being able to talk publicly about something that no one else talked about publicly.”

Now you know what filter to use when you visit Joshua Tree — Gingham (enjoy):

Not everyone knows this, but the park was named after the cover of a 1987 U2 album that featured a shaggy Yucca brevifolia. None of the band members are wearing sunglasses in the cover photo, and they all look a bit grumpy, like someone wasn’t paying attention and they missed the exit for In-N-Out. Today, they would be hungry for something more vegetarian. Joshua trees have a shallow root system, not unlike the travellers blown here by wanderlust, and can be found scattered across the desert floor. Bono can be found—I don’t know. Davos, maybe?

Please go ahead and take a free foldout map of the park. These circles denote areas where you might like to park your Gulf Stream, climb on the roof, and extend your arms to the heavens, backlit by a solar flare. These circles are toilets.

English novelist Zadie Smith has written a controversial essay on the question of “who owns black pain?” It discusses the Schutz controversy at the Whitney Biennial extensively:

But there is an important difference between the invented “nigger” of 1963 and the invented African American of 2017: The disgust has mostly fallen away. We were declared beautiful back in the Sixties, but it has only recently been discovered that we are so. In the liberal circles depicted in Get Out, everything that was once reviled—our eyes, our skin, our backsides, our noses, our arms, our legs, our breasts, and of course our hair—is now openly envied and celebrated and aestheticized and deployed in secondary images to sell stuff. As one character tells Chris, “black is in fashion now.”

To be clear, the life of the black citizen in America is no more envied or desired today than it was back in 1963. Her schools are still avoided and her housing still substandard and her neighborhood still feared and her personal and professional outcomes disproportionately linked to her zip code. But her physical self is no longer reviled. If she is a child and comes up for adoption, many a white family will be delighted to have her, and if she is in your social class and social circle, she is very welcome to come to the party; indeed, it’s not really a party unless she does come. No one will call her the n-word on national television, least of all a black intellectual. (The Baldwin quote is from a television interview.) For liberals the word is interdicted and unsayable.

The editor of one of the only newspapers to endorse Trump for president writes about what people in his city think about the new occupant of the White House. They appear to still like him:

Last weekend I covered the opening of an exhibit at our historical society that pays tribute to a school desegregation saga that unfolded here in the 1950s; the event honored surviving members of the African American community who lived through a chapter in local history too long ignored. A big crowd, white and black, was on hand. Steps toward racial harmony happen even in Trump country.

While Trump carried Highland County heavily, there are people here who did not vote for him and who do not care for him. But overall, despite the avalanche of negative news stories, Trump’s support remains firm. Hillsboro’s mayor mentioned recently that he has noticed Trump yard signs popping up again, either in a show of support or a sign of defiance.

Mattel released the new “diverse” Ken dolls this week, and everyone is having a blast with them. My two favorite reactions:

“75 Lesbian Ken Dolls, Ranked By Lesbianism” (Autostraddle)

“Mattel Just Released a New Line of Ken Dolls and They’re All Fuckboys” (Betches)

Surprise, surprise … war profiteers are also refugee profiteers:

“I believe the influence of the military and security industry on the shaping of the [EU’s] border security policy is quite big, especially on the securitization and militarization of these and on the expanding use of surveillance technology and data exchange,” Stop Wapenhandel’s Mark Akkerman told Common Dreams. “Industry efforts include regular interactions with EU’s border institutions (including high ranking officials and politicians), where ideas are discussed that later turn up in new EU policy documents.”

“For example, the industry has been pushing for years to upgrade [EU border agency] Frontex to a cross-European border security agency,” Akkerman added. “The new European Border and Coast Guard Agency the European Commission has proposed, which has a lot more powers (has its own equipment, direct interventions in member states, binding decisions forcing member states to strengthen border security capacities) than Frontex has now, is exactly that.”

“If the establishment of the European Border and Coast Guard Agency proceeds,” the report notes, “this would mean a fundamental shift to an EU-controlled system of border security, with the possibility of bypassing the member states and forcing them to strengthen controls and purchase or upgrade equipment.”

“It is not hard to predict that this will lead refugees to use increasingly dangerous routes, strengthening the business case for traffickers. For the military and security industry, however it means the prospect of more orders from the agency itself and from member states,” the report continues.

The protests against what people are calling Trumpcare started this week, by ADAPT and other important activist groups. This image of Dawn Russell in DC has already come to represent the spirit of the protests:

Dawn Russell being loaded onto police bus for processing with her fist raised in POWER! #ADAPTandRESIST #SaveMedicaid #FreeOurPeople http://pic.twitter.com/HY7TTMLrhd

— DC Metro ADAPT (@DCAdapt) June 22, 2017

What’s next for New York’s High Line, and how has it influenced other park designs?

The 19 projects in the High Line Network represent a number of different adaptive reuse projects in various stages of progress, including Rail Park, a plan to turn three miles of disused railway in Philadelphia into a linear park; the Bentway, a proposal for a cultural hub beneath an expressway in Toronto; the 11th Street Bridge Park, a pedestrian walkway that will span the Anacostia River in southeastern Washington, D.C.; and Buffalo Bayou Park, a Houston initiative to make the city’s waterways accessible to the public. The inaugural group of members joined by invitation, based on some of the relationships the High Line had formed over the years.

While the projects vary in type, scope, and location, what unites them is an attempt to remake heavy-duty infrastructure into public space. Cities no longer have swathes of open space to build parks from scratch as they did 100 years ago, and the very definition of a park has changed. Cities now have to be more clever about where they find opportunities for public space. Because public space is in short supply–and real estate is expensive–these spaces have to pull double and triple duty to serve their communities. Meanwhile, cities have whittled their parks’ budgets down to virtually nothing, so securing development and long-term maintenance financing becomes a challenge.

This is depressing — “Women owe two-thirds of student loan debt“:

Women’s debt inequity is compounded by the gender pay gap; college-educated women working full-time earn 26% less than their male peers – and the gap widens over time.

The reasons for the income inequality vary, from job discrimination, to interrupting work due to childbirth. Whatever the cause, as the researchers explain: “When you combine higher debt with lower incomes after graduation, you get a recipe for financial hardship.”

Even with a degree, the debt burden can make it impossibly hard to navigate other challenges, from pursuing further graduate education, start saving for a future home or your own business, or leave an abusive relationship.

It’s Pride Day! Read about the “unsung history” of gay male circuit parties:

By the early 90s, some cities were having a “circuit party” every weekend, in places like the Roxy in New York, Probe in Los Angeles, clubs in San Francisco. Then it began expanding abroad, in places like Montreal and Europe, with the opening of megaclubs like Heaven in London.

By 1992, the Miami White Party had become famous because celebrities discovered South Beach. This is where the Latin influence came in as well. In 1996, arch-conservative Representative Bob Dornan, a Republican from California, condemned on the floor of Congress a party held at a federally-owned ballroom for the main event of the annual Cherry Party.

No question, the 90s were halcyon days for the circuit. Parties spread to mid-sized cities, like Cleveland’s Dancing in the Streets; Detroit’s Motorball; Louisville’s Crystal Ball. Most couldn’t sustain themselves. The circuit had reached saturation. People wanted to save up for the really big events—like White Party Palm Springs and the Black Party in New York—that were spectacular. The other parties would come and go.

And this went viral this week:

Quite possibly the best pair of T-Shirts i have ever seen http://pic.twitter.com/40R3K6DmjA

— Brad (@MovesLikeZagger) June 22, 2017

Required Reading is published every Sunday morning ET, and is comprised of a short list of art-related links to long-form articles, videos, blog posts, or photo essays worth a second look.

The post Required Reading appeared first on Hyperallergic.

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yourcybermoonstudent-blog · 7 years

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Saving Soldiers’ Bodies

Steven Spielberg’s 1998 World War II epic “Saving Private Ryan” centers around a squad of soldiers led by Captain John Miller (Tom Hanks). Miller and his squad are tasked with searching for and finding a soldier by the name of Private James Ryan. They are given this task because Ryan’s three brothers had recently been killed in action and because of this, Ryan has earned the right to be sent home. The only issue is that no one knows where Ryan is, since he was part of the 101st Airborne Division and, like so many other paratroopers, had missed his drop zone by many miles. Miller’s squad’s mission is to search for Ryan through Nazi occupied France. If they do this, they will all earn the right to go home. For this assignment, I will be focusing on three main scenes that include the death of at least one soldier from the movie. I will be analyzing how the film tackles the deaths of soldiers in different situations.

The first scene I will be analyzing is the first battle scene that occurs in the film. The scene depicts the D-Day invasion of the Normandy beaches on June 6, 1944. The scene begins with the soldiers packed like sardines into Higgins boats. Some men are praying, some men are vomiting, but no man is talking. Every soldier knows that they could be mere minutes away from death. There is a look of somber anticipation and fear on each of the soldiers’ faces. Then the ramp of the boat lowers. A wall of lead hits the soldiers immediately. Men are shredded to pieces before they even make it in to the sand. Throughout this entire scene, the camera, for the most part, stays fixed to Miller. Through Miller’s sense, we see men dismembered and disemboweled. We see men being burned alive. Miller gives no thought to grieving or mourning. Despite these horrific images, Miller keeps marching up the beach. A few minutes later, we are introduced to an injured soldier we only know as “Briggs.” Miller sees him injured and tries to help him up the beach. It is clear that Miller and Briggs had had a prior relationship. While Miller is trying to help Briggs, Briggs is blown in half by some sort of explosive. After seeing what happened to a man that he once knew, Miller does not cry or mourn, he simply lets out a grunt of disgust and keeps marching up the beach. Finally, Miller reaches some sort of cover in the form of a sea wall. While here, he instructs a radio operator to give higher command updates of the battle. When Miller leans in to give the operator another instruction, he sees that the operator had been shot in the head, leaving only a caved in hole where his face used to be. Miller does not think about mourning this man, rather he pushes his body aside so he can use the radio. He ignores this man’s death so he can do his job. This scene, and specifically these instances, show that under these circumstances, soldiers had no time to grieve for their dead. If they did, they would most likely end up killed as well.

I also have a personal connection to this scene because my paternal grandfather landed on Omaha Beach on D-Day. While I never got to meet him, he did tell my father of his experiences on D-Day. He told him of the men he saw torn in half, of the men wailing out for their mothers. He also described something to my father that I think is perfectly exemplified in this scene. My grandfather said that the Army made it clear to the soldiers that they were expendable. They were G.I.’s (Government Issued) who were sent out to do a mission, and if they died while attempting this mission, then there would be another G.I. waiting to replace him. Soldiers were part of a machine, and while these parts were easily damaged, they were also easily replaced.The documentary “We Stand Alone Together,” which tells the story of the men of Easy Company 506 in 101st Airborne Division, also has a moment that exemplifies this sense of expendability. Major Dick Winters explains that when he parachuted into France on D-Day, he lost his weapon in the drop. He describes a feeling of relief when he come across the body of a dead American soldier. He was relieved because he would be able to take this man’s weapon and ammunition. This was a common practice in World War Two. If one man was killed doing his job, another man would takes his tools so he could continue on.

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The second scene I will analyze occurs near the midpoint of the film. The scene is set by Miller deciding that he and his squad will attack a German machine gun outpost. During this attack, the medic of the group, Private Erwin Wade (Giovanni Ribisi), is killed. The situation surrounding is much different than the one on Omaha Beach. Miller’s squad has dealt with the enemy, so they actually have an opportunity to try to save him. Once Wade dies, the men react in different way. Some men simply stand silently over his dead body. Others beat the man who they believe killed him. One man, Private Richard Reiben (Edward Burns), is so angry about Wade’s death that he commits extreme insubordination by yelling and cursing at Miller. Miller, on the other responds to Wade’s death by going somewhere private and weeping uncontrollably. It is plainly evident that Wade’s death had a severe impact on the squad as a whole, and since they are in no immediate danger, they let their emotions be seen. This scene shows the audience that these soldiers were ordinary men, and the death of their friends took a toll on their mental well being. It is clear that these men had an extremely strong bond to Wade. In an article entitled “How Did Soldiers Cope With War,” it is said that soldiers were able to deal with the terrors of war because they did so with their best friends by their sides. The articles states that “Soldiers often wrote about their sense of comradeship and friendship with their fellow men. Many fought for each other as much as for remoter loyalties such as to king and country.” Through my research, I have also found that these men may have been experiencing symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, or PTSD. An article entitled “The Psychological Effects of the Vietnam War” describes PTSD as “a feeling of helplessness, worthlessness, dejection, anger, depression, insomnia, and a tendency to react to tense situations by using survival tactics.” Another aspect about this death scene that is different than the previous one is that the squad now has an opportunity to bury their dead. Through my research I found that soldiers would not bury the dead simply out of respect, but because it was imperative to their survival. In an article entitled “Cemeteries, War” it is said that soldiers would bury their fallen comrades as a means to prevent the spread of disease and epidemics. So it seems that, under the right circumstances, soldiers were encouraged to grieve, mourn and bury their dead.

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The third and final scene I will analyze is the scene in which Miller is shot and killed. The way Spielberg directs the scene where Miller is shot is the antithesis of how Hollywood usually shoots death scenes. In other films, when the main character is killed, there will be dramatic slow motion or a huge swell of emotional music. But in this scene, there is none of that. The authentic sounds of combat provide the background noise to his death. Miller is simply shot and falls to the ground, just like any other soldier would do in an actual battle. Miller is dying as the battle ends when his squad, or what is left of it, comes to his aid. Reiben begins screaming for a medic, but Miller knows that he only has seconds left. He uses what little energy he has left to give Private Ryan a message. Miller sits up and tells Ryan to “earn this,” meaning what Miller and his squad had done for him.

When Miller and his squad set out on this mission to save Private Ryan, there were eight men in the squad. At the end of the mission, only two were left alive. Six men had died so that Ryan could go home safe and sound. Miller uses his dying breath to make sure Ryan knows not to squander the opportunity he has been given. He wants Ryan to earn the sacrifice his squad made by living a meaningful life. Miller’s message in death is live a good life. The movie cuts to present day and we find out that the old man at the cemetery was Ryan. He goes to Miller’s gravesite and begins to cry, hoping that at least in his eyes, he has lead a god life. It seems to me that Ryan may be feeling some sort of guilt for having been able to live to be an old man, while so many others died in the prime of their lives trying to find him. An article entitled “The Moral Logic of Survivor’s Guilt” describes this feeling as survivor’s guilt. The article says “the guilt begins an endless loop of counterfactuals-thoughts that you could have or should have done otherwise, though in fact you did nothing wrong. The feelings are, of course, not restricted to the battlefield. But given the magnitude of loss in war, they hang heavy there and are pervasive. And they raise the question of just how irrational those feelings are, and if they aren't, of what is the basis of their reasonableness.” Many veterans has testified to experiencing survivor’s guilt for one reason or another. Perhaps their best buddy fell on a grenade to save their group, or one guy offered to take point in place of another. Either way, many soldiers have experienced this feeling, and it seems as though Ryan is experiencing that same feeling.

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“Saving Private Ryan”, aside from being my favorite movie of all time, tackles war and death in a very unique way. War is not depicted as some glorious adventure where men like John Wayne would go out and defeat the enemy. War is depicted in a dirty, gritty, unattractive manner. Death, in “Saving Private Ryan,” is not depicted as a tremendous honor. During war times, death is seen as something to be expected. Soldiers are seen as expendable. The film very rarely lingers on one character’s death. Each death is depicted as something necessary, as part of a bigger plan. The soldiers in this movie are also not depicted as super human men who could conquer any obstacle. They are show as ordinary men who were snatched from their own lives and thrust into a brutal war. They are ordinary men who are deeply affected by the horrors they have seen. They are not impervious to mental strain or damage. These are men who were living regular lives, and now they are in a foreign country, fighting a ruthless enemy, and seeing their friends, whom they spent months training and bonding with, being torn to shreds in a matter of seconds. Death affects these me greatly. Killing other men affects them just as much. Men are forced to leave the bodies of their fallen comrades behind on the battle field, for if they were to try to bury them, or even mourn them, they would end up dead, too. War and death are not depicted as triumphs. Each death is portrayed as a single raindrop in a raging thunderstorm. If there ever was a consummate anti-war film, “Saving Private Ryan” would be it.

Bibliography:

Richter, William . "We Stand Alone Together - Band of Brothers Documentary." We Stand Alone Together - Band of Brothers Documentary. HBO. 2001. Television.

Hochgesang, Josh. "The Psychological Effects of the Vietnam War." Ethics of Development in Global Government 26 July 1999: n. pag. Print.

Shaw, Matthew . "How did soldiers cope with war?" British Library. N.p., 2009. Web. 10 Apr. 2017.

Sherman, Nancy. "The Moral Logic Of Survivor Guilt." Psychology today.com. N.p., 20 July 2011. Web. 21 Apr. 2017.

"Cemeteries, War." Deathreference.com. N.p., 2017. Web. 20 Apr. 2017.

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