#taino-arawakan people

[sheltiechicago]

Leah Gordon’s Kaleidoscopic Portrait of Carnival in Haiti

For centuries, the Taino-Arawakan people and the Carib Indians lived on the island of Ayiti (“land of high mountains”) in the tranquil blue waters of the Caribbean. All of that changed when Christopher Columbus arrived on 4 December 1492, charging in alongside the four horsemen of the Apocalypse. The Conquistadors brought colonisation, slavery, and disease to the once idyllic land, wiping out the indigenous communities and repopulating the island with people stolen from Africa.

#leah gordon #photographer #kaleidoscopic portrait of carnival #haiti #taino-arawakan people #carib indians #ayiti #land of high mountains #caribbean #spain #conquistadors #slavery #colonization #disease #genocide

[haitilegends]

Art by Kervin Andre

Repost @akomicsart

December 5th 1492, the first wave of virus landed on a large island in the region of the western Atlantic Ocean that later came to be known as the Caribbean. It was inhabited by the Taíno and Arawakan people, who variously called their island Hayti (Ayiti) Bohio Kiskeya (Quisqueya). #ayitikiskeyabohio #akomicsart #ajiayabombe #tainos #arawak 🐚🪶

__________

#Notes

#Anacaona, or Golden Flower, was a #Taíno #cacica, or female #cacique, religious expert, poet and composer born in #Xaragua. Before the malevolent arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1492, #Ayiti or #Quisqueya to the #Taínos was divided into five kingdoms, i.e., Xaragua, Maguana, Higüey, Maguá and Marién. #Wiki

#akomicsart #indegenous #anacaona #haiti #taino #kervinandre #haitilegends #indegenous people #iamgabrisan

[naturecpw]

Maize: From Mexico to the world

For Mexicans, the “children of corn,” maize is entwined in life, history and tradition. It is not just a crop; it is central to their identity. By Matthew O'Leary  May 20, 2016

EL BATAN, Mexico (CIMMYT) – For Mexicans, the “children of corn,” maize is entwined in life, history and tradition. It is not just a crop; it is central to their identity.

Even today, despite political and economic policies that have led Mexico to import one-third of its maize, maize farming continues to be deeply woven into the traditions and culture of rural communities. Furthermore, maize production and pricing are important to both food security and political stability in Mexico.

One of humanity’s greatest agronomic achievements, maize is the most widely produced crop in the world. According to the head of CIMMYT’s maize germplasm bank, senior scientist Denise Costich, there is broad scientific consensus that maize originated in Mexico, which is home to a rich diversity of varieties that has evolved over thousands of years of domestication.

The miracle of maize’s birth is widely debated in science. However, it is agreed that teosinte (a type of grass) is one of its genetic ancestors. What is unique is that maize’s evolution advanced at the hands of farmers. Ancient Mesoamerican farmers realized this genetic mutation of teosinte resembled food and saved seeds from their best cobs to plant the next crop. Through generations of selective breeding based on the varying preferences of farmers and influenced by different climates and geography, maize evolved into a plant species full of diversity.

The term “maize” is derived from the ancient word mahiz from the Taino language (a now extinct Arawakan language) of the indigenous people of pre-Columbian America. Archeological evidence indicates Mexico’s ancient Mayan, Aztec and Olmec civilizations depended on maize as the basis of their diet and was their most revered crop.

As Popol Vuh, the Mayan creation story, goes, the creator deities made the first humans from white maize hidden inside a mountain under an immovable rock. To access this maize seed, a rain deity split open the rock using a bolt of lightning in the form of an axe. This burned some of the maize, creating the other three grain colors, yellow, black and red. The creator deities took the grain and ground it into dough and used it to produce humankind.

Many Mesoamerican legends revolve around maize, and its image appears in the region’s crafts, murals and hieroglyphs. Mayas even prayed to maize gods to ensure lush crops: the tonsured maize god’s head symbolizes a maize cob, with a small crest of hair representing the tassel. The foliated maize god represents a still young, tender, green maize ear.

Maize was the staple food in ancient Mesoamerica and fed both nobles and commoners. They even developed a way of processing it to improve quality. Nixtamalization is the Nahuatl word for steeping and cooking maize in water to which ash or slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) has been added. Nixtamalized maize is more easily ground and has greater nutritional value, for the process makes vitamin B3 more bioavailable and reduces mycotoxins. Nixtamalization is still used today and CIMMYT is currently promoting it in Africa to combat nutrient deficiency.

White hybrid maize (produced through cross pollination) in Mexico has been bred for making tortillas with good industrial quality and taste. However, many Mexicans consider tortillas made from landraces (native maize varieties) to be the gold standard of quality.

“Many farmers, even those growing hybrid maize for sale, still grow small patches of the local maize landrace for home consumption,” noted CIMMYT Landrace Improvement Coordinator Martha Willcox. “However, as people migrate away from farms, and the number of hectares of landraces decrease, the biodiversity of maize suffers.”

Diversity at the heart of Mexican maize

The high level of maize diversity in Mexico is due to its varied geography and culture. As farmers selected the best maize for their specific environments and uses, maize diverged into distinct races, according to Costich. At present there are 59 unique Mexican landraces recorded.

https://www.cimmyt.org/blogs/maize-from-mexico-to-the-world/

#Maize #Mexico #House Plants

[blackwoolncrown]

I would like to point out that the carib are not arawak.

Arawakan people make up a sizeable portion of the indigenous carribeans, but the terms are not equivalent

I know that.

That is why I only included them in the last sentence. My point is that "The Taino are 'the' Indigenous people of the Caribbean" is false, and there are multiple others.

So not only are the Taino ONLY a subset of the Arawak, they are also only one of several indigenous groups.

[torisearcy]

Week 2 Discussion

Thank you for sharing about your ancestors. I have never heard of TaIno people before. I did some research over this and found some pretty interesting information. The TaIno people live in the Caribbean in 1492 in Hispaniola when Columbus arrived there was a estimated of 100,000-1,000,000 Taino people, however it is believed it was closer to 1,000,000. It was traced that Taino was Arawakan speaking. Arawakan speaking is no longer a official language spoken in any country but is spoken by an estimated amount of 63,000 people in Guyana. On the website below there is a picture of a picture of a Native house in the time Columbus arrived. The link will be posted on my blog for the week. 

www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu

Something I found very cool is the words canoe, hammock, and barbecue originated from the Taino people. Taino's are said to have origninated in Venezula and spread to the Caribbean. Taino's are responsible for shaping the way spanish settlements in America farmed, traded, and lived.

On study.com there is a great video on Taino Culture. 

indigenous architecture(taino) – Spanish Caribbean Heritage (wordpress.com)

This link shares a great deal on Taino architercture, the homes had canaroof and palm siding.

[oraclepriestess]

Ancestry: Boriken/Arawakan

Supreme Goddess: Atabeira/ Caguana Guabancex

I grew up in a house with a bruja. But I knew nothing of Taino. One day my aunt explained our history to me and it was such a meaningful experience. I learned as much as I could over the next 30 years.

The most important discovery was that our people are not extinct. No matter how much the American books say opposite. Knowing they fled to the mountains and neighboring islands, just makes my lineage broader. Knowing I have cousins in Venezuela, Dominican Republic, Cuba, Jamaica, Haiti, Peru, and so on up the coast of South and Central America.

Embracing your roots and accepting your history/ people /culture will widen your practice. Curanderismo is a healer that uses nature to remedy the issue. It is usually said to be a Mexican tradition but no, it’s something we all practice. To be a Curandera was to be a Bruja. Brujeria was thought to be the dark side of it, as putting curses or making things happen to others or changing the natural events of things. Witchcraft basically. But the origins of all of this was just living in nature and using nature to survive both physically and spiritually.

I am Taino. I’m forced to call myself Puerto Rican. But I am not a Rich Port. I am a Poor American whose people were massacred for the riches of the land. Whose aunts and a uncles were burned alive and beautiful baby cousins fed to dogs. Forced a new language. Forced a new culture. Forced a new view. Forced to forget my culture, my language, my family. Forced to believe that we have been wiped off the face of the earth. But look around you, though you can not pinpoint your actual family link, they are out there and they still are Arawakan.

I learned Christianity, through a Brujas eye. I walk my Priestess path today through a brujas eye. Connecting my self to my ancestors, my blood, my lineage, my culture, our origins. Boriken, Or neighboring islands, we were all one big family.

Praying to the Mother Goddess

Bibi Atabey - Mother Atabey

Atte itabo era - Mother of Waters

Coaiba Mamona - Heavenly Mother of the Moon

Aturo aya wakia Itiba Cahubaba - Sister of our Ancient Bleeding Mother

Acona wakia Arawaka - Hear our Sacred People

Yemao waka waili - Protect our Children

Wakia Yari - Our Precious Jewels

Busica Waka Ketauri - Give us Life

Inaru Matum - Generous Woman

Busica wakia Ahia HuDe- Give us your Blessing

Tai Ku Buya Han Han - Good Spirit Yes

Nabori Daca - I am your servant

Han Han Katu - So Be It

#taino #tainoindian #migente #callofthedrums #luna #atabey #atabeygoddess #spiritualawakening #tarot #witches #brujas #botanica #abuelaskitchen #mamona #inaru #laluz #zemi #praiseourgoddess #rootwork #yucahu #juracán #atabeira #boricua #puertorico #cuba #antillas #mami

#boriken #atabey #arawak #huracan #history #tainoindian #tainoculture #taino #idiomas

[tainolibrary]

#ICYMI Taino doesn't mean noble people. The best sources for our language are other Arawakan Peoples not Europeans. The latter got some things right but they misunderstood a lot too. https://www.instagram.com/p/CXTwEYZBSS9/?utm_medium=tumblr

#icymi

[growninhaiti]

When Columbus arrived in Haiti in 1492, he encountered a thriving society of an Arawakan people called the Taino. One thing that the Europeans noticed was that the Taino/Arawaks painted their bodies in bright colors given where we get the term “redskins” from. They didn’t actually have red skin but were painted with natural pigments like the bright red derived from these annatto seeds. Body painting was common among Arawakan peoples, partly for the sake of aesthetics but mostly as an act of spirituality. Body painting was used in many ceremonies and rituals to help connect with spiritual forces, and even in daily life the painting of the body could serve as a charm or protection from malicious spirits and curses. The colors of the paints, the designs painted on the body, and the rituals associated with the act of body painting all contributed to the way that the person was interacting with the spiritual and physical worlds. One of my personal beliefs is that the narrative continued in such a way as to make the melanated population of these lands to feel as if, we too, are not at home and don’t belong here. I feel that respecting and treating these lands as our home is past due. As soon as these are ready to harvest, the crew and I plan on fully embracing, this mostly ignored, part of our culture. ・・・ #growninhaiti #arawak #taïno #melanated #native #ofthisland #culture #loveyourself #identity #mixture #mutt #colonialrape #haiti #ayiti #diversity #growth #agroforestry #spice #foodforest #sustainableliving #origins https://www.instagram.com/p/CByAY9qlj4A/?igshid=c37338hb9zxn

#growninhaiti #arawak #taïno #melanated #native #ofthisland #culture #loveyourself #identity #mixture #mutt #colonialrape #haiti #ayiti #diversity #growth #agroforestry #spice #foodforest #sustainableliving #origins

[historical-nonfiction]

Taino Woman's DNA Yields Clues About Modern Caribbean Peoples

Researchers mapped the genome of an ancient Taino woman using DNA from one of her teeth. She was buried 1,000 years ago at a site called Preacher’s Cave on the island of Eleuthera in the Bahamas.

She is most closely related to present-day Arawakan speakers in northern South America, where her ancestors likely originated. But the study revealed that she is also partly related to some modern Puerto Ricans. The findings support some continuity in the western Caribbean between the modern population and their pre-Columbus ancestors.

#history #bahamas #puerto rico #precolumbian #native american #indigenous #indigenous peoples #science

[priapusrkb]

Man. #blackandwhite #blackhistorymonth #black #blackhistory #blackhistory365 #slavery. Puerto Ricans: A Blending of Taino Indians (a subgroup of Arawakan Indians), Africans and Spaniards.. Awarakan Indians were American Indians in the Northerneastern South America (comprising Cuba, Jamaica, Haitis , Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico in the Carribean Sea at the time when Christopher Columbus arrived to the New World. The Native people and the socites were killed off by the Spaniard invaders by the 1600s. 80% of the Africans from Africa went to South America as slaves. It was always noted though, how many of the original colonist married the Taino women and had Taino concubines, producing the original mestizaje(mixture) that when blended with African, would produce Puerto Ricans. https://www.instagram.com/rick_d_ponderer/p/Btk4HjJgwgG/?utm_source=ig_tumblr_share&igshid=etx8i13z9p5y

#blackandwhite #blackhistorymonth #black #blackhistory #blackhistory365 #slavery

[techbotic]

Ancient DNA sheds light on what happened to the Taino, the native Caribbeans

Enlarge / Reconstruction of a Taino village in Cuba. (credit: Michal Zalewski)

The Caribbean was one of the last parts of the Americas to be settled by humans, although scientists don’t agree on when the first settlers arrived or where they came from. Some argue that people probably arrived from the Amazon Basin, where today’s Arawakan languages developed, while others suggest that the first people to settle the islands came from even farther west, in the Colombian Andes.

“The differences in opinion illustrate the difficulty of tracing population movements based on a patchy archaeological record,” wrote archaeologist Hannes Schroeder of the University of Copenhagen, Denmark, and his colleagues. Schroeder’s research team has a new study on the genetics of the long-lost Taino people, which gives some clear indications of their origin and where they went after European colonization.

Complex social networks linked the islands

The Bahamas weren’t settled until 1,500 years ago. The people who settled there are known as the Lucayan Taino, and they and the other Taino communities of the Caribbean were the natives who met the first Spanish colonists in 1492. At the time, the Taino were thriving; Spanish priest Bartolomé de las Casas estimated that about 600,000 people each lived on Jamaica and Puerto Rico, with as many as a million on Hispaniola. That didn’t last long; by the mid-16th century, smallpox and slavery had driven the Taino to the brink of extinction.

Read 18 remaining paragraphs | Comments

Ancient DNA sheds light on what happened to the Taino, the native Caribbeans published first on https://medium.com/@CPUCHamp

[blackwoolncrown]

Columbus Day is a day of action irt Indigenous People’s Day and ends up centering North American Natives in a way that enmeshes the landing of the pilgrims with the arrival of Columbus and Caribbean people are ENTIRELY ABSENT from the narrative. It generally ends up sounding like Columbus came to NA tribes directly, when in reality that’s far, far from the case.

I almost never see NA Indigenous ppl talk about Caribbean people. But again, there are all these ties to talk about uniting the Indigenous people of Turtle Island.

Well..what about the Islanders then??

Learn about the Arawakan tribes-- distinctly the Taino, Kalinago and Lokono.

#indigenous

[sofrenchnow]

🇬🇧 Like many Australians, he has his own barbecue ready for the summer season.⠀ ⠀ 🇫🇷 Comme beaucoup d'Australiens, il a son propre barbecue prêt pour la saison estivale.⠀ ⠀ ✔️ Did you know? / Le saviez-vous ? ⠀ Barbecue comes from American Spanish 'barbacoa', probably from Taino: a raised frame made of stick. Taíno is an Arawakan language that was spoken by the Taíno people of the Caribbean. At the time of Spanish contact, it was the principal language throughout the Caribbean (Wikipedia).⠀ ⠀ ________________________⠀ Thanks for following us ⠀ 👉@sofrenchnow👈⠀ ________________________⠀ ⠀ #barbecue#perfume#summer#happiness#life#cool#hot#food#fun#scent#smell#katielee#languagelearning#languagelovers#francesonline#learnfrench#sofrenchnow#frenchlesson#aprenderfrances#frenchcourses#frenchclass#apprendrelefrançais#languefrancaise#cursodefranceses#franzözisch#lernen#langageblog#langagestudy#lefrancaisensemble#taino (at Sydney, Australia) https://www.instagram.com/p/CCs1d3sASBD/?igshid=124sz176739ug

#barbecue #perfume #summer #happiness #life #cool #hot #food #fun #scent #smell #katielee #languagelearning #languagelovers #francesonline #learnfrench #sofrenchnow #frenchlesson #aprenderfrances #frenchcourses #frenchclass #apprendrelefrançais #languefrancaise #cursodefranceses #franzözisch #lernen #langageblog #langagestudy #lefrancaisensemble #taino

[hammocktown]

The Origin of the Word Hammock

The word “hammock” refers to a long piece of nettings or canvas hung up by the four edges and always suspended and it is used as a bed other definitions refer to the word as a ‘furniture’ that is used as a place to sleep and suspended in the length and is codded with nettings and supported on the sides to provide strength.

The English Word Hammock

The English word came from the Spanish form of the word ‘hamaca’. The Spanish had noted the frequent use of the name during the colonial period of its South Americans natives. The exact origin of the word was from the ‘Taino’ culture of the Arawakan tribe which is understood to mean probably fishing net. But why could a bed be called a hammock? Earlier on, the nettings on the hammock were made using threads from the back of a hamack tree. The choice of the tree was however not a mere coincidence but was popular because the tree was believed to be a protection against many perils including snake bites, bites from other insects and protection from other poisonous creatures. The introduction of the hammocks to Europe is attributed to Christopher Columbus who availed them to Spain on his way from a South American island where the present day Bahamas lie.

Hammocks In The United States

The origin of the word in United States can be traced back to the 18th century and can be lifted from the English-sources dated then and afterwards. The Saxons, in evidence by Samuel Johnson said to be the originators of the word. The later evidence of the 19th century however, claims that the origin of this word was from the Athenian politician ‘Alcibiades’. In the 16th century the use of the hammocks was extended to include the use in the ships. They became a preference because they would provide a well-balanced sleep onshore and the accidents that were there before due to falling were highly reduced. During the Second World War, The soldiers used the hammocks to not only enjoy the comfort it offered but also to increase the capacity of a single vessel tool. The hammocks later were used as leisure. Accustomed to its use, sailors who were on leave carried it offshore. As they did not work, they just slept on them all they did was relax. This was precedence to the current day meaning attached to the hammock that have seen then become widely known and used by people for different purpose.  

SHOP USA MADE HAMMOCKS

Portuguese Hammocks

In Portugal, ‘Pero Vaz de Caminha’ was attracted to the sleeping style of the native Taino and the way they warmed themselves by placing a fire underneath. The fire, as he describe in his 1500 journal was to keep them warm and scare away insects like mosquitos. He also note the nettings on the bedding and gives a Portuguese expression ‘rede de dormir’ to mean that the nets used to sleep over. The other people from Europe also got to South America mostly to mine gold. Hammock was inevitable and they could never fail to mention it in almost any journal they wrote about the life in that part of the world. It is then obvious that the much widespread of the word all-over Europe was achieved. It was sooner than later and the word was legally accepted in the English language. In general, after a long interaction with the hammock by the major European language speakers and most notably the English where the American English borrows from, it is quite logic to understand how the word came into play. It originated from the bark of a hamak tree.

SHOP SOUTH AMERICAN HAMMOCKS

Share the Hammock Love!

#HammockTown #HammockLife #HAmmocking #Hammocker #hammocks

[tainolibrary]

Yes, Taino are Arawakan. No, this doesn’t somehow mean all Arawakan Peoples are Taino. That’s like saying you and your sibling are the same person because you’re related when, in fact, you are two distinct individuals. Pan-Indianism is about uniting our communities not replacing them. https://www.instagram.com/p/CUqhSf4lFXq/?utm_medium=tumblr

[batannoyingstudentlover-blog]

Things to do in negril jamaica

Jamaica is the third greatest island in the Caribbean and home to in excess of 2.6 million people. Our great island in the sun is home to the Blue Mountain run and is included by a thin shoreline front plain. Most noteworthy towns and urban regions are arranged on the float. Supervisor towns and urban zones fuse the capital Kingston, Spanish Town, Mandeville, Ocho Rios, Port Antonio and Montego Bay. Its indigenous Arawakan speaking Taino inhabitants named the island Xaymaca, which implies the "Place that is known for Wood and Wate.Getting around in Negril Jamaica is a basic thing. secluded into the West End feigns or Beach Norman Manley Boulevard where what's coming to you of restaraunts and hotels lie. Walk around as the air is easygoing and meeting people is a bit of the experience. Just drove is on the left side in JA, so you should walk around your right same side of the road with a particular true objective to see development coming towards you. The taxis are unassuming and sufficient so if walking isn't your pleasure by then get a taxi reliably orchestrate your entry before riding and get about watching the sights.The minute you walk around Beaches you formally enter a blissful zone. where "laid back" was produced, and that vibe is totally irresistible. Before long, you'll be footloose and lively in a paradise where everything is joined. When you're arranged on the biggest stretch out of prestigious 7-mile Beach, the best place to be is at the water's edge. That is the reason we've even put a waterpark there. All that you can imagine is beachside at Beaches from vivacious pools to diners and bars. Search for big business, loosen up, or do both. It's tied in with contributing vitality with those you value... any way you require. Jump on the One Love Bus bar crawl for the craziest notwithstanding yet staggering action in Lenbert a nearby obtained a vehicle and pimped out as a reggae however bringing guests to # neighborhood bars on the West End of for FREE. Email Lenbert early and he'll lift you up open to hotel and you'll be joined by other social occasion goers hunting down an OK time. You'll visit some adjacent bars and some amazing ones discovered perfect on the slopes a unimaginable spot to be for dusk.