#glomerulus
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#nephron function#nephron structure#pct and dct cortex#function of renal tubule#excretory products#duct of bellini#renal anatomy glomerulus#glomerulus#Youtube
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Your kidneys have about one million tiny filter units called nephrons. Each nephron has a glomerulus. More than one glomerulus is called glomeruli. Glomeruli work like strainers and perform the function of blood filtration. know more https://bit.ly/3Pr8DkJ
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join me in pell (piss hell)
Let's talk kidneys!
Your kidneys are situated:
Inferior to the liver and the suprarenal glands
Superior to the ureters
Anterior to the posterior wall of abdomen and diaphragm
Posterior to the peritoneum (sack with yer guts in it)
Their job is to:
Regulate blood ions (like sodium) and control blood pH
Maintain blood volume (by extracting or conserving water)
Secrete hormones
Excrete toxic waste (urea, ammonia, creatinine…)
Guess what shape they are. Go on, guess.
YEAH THAT’s RIGHt – IT’S BEAN TIME, BITCHEs
[CW: beneath the cut you will find CT images of kidney trauma]
(and here is some very basic anatomy, sketched on… that same bean)
The renal cortex + renal pyramids together form the PARENCHYMA, aka the functional bit of the kidneys (aka where your peepee is made)
But HOW is that peepee made, I hear you cry?
Lemme introduce you to my good friend
The Nephron
The afferent arteriole carries blood to the Glomerulus (which isn’t actually some weird DnD spell – just a knot of arteries surrounded by the Glomerular Capsule!) This arteriole then slims down considerably to form the efferent arteriole. This pressure increase forces loads of waste products and water out of the bloodstream into the glomerular capsule – but the holes in the arteriole wall are too small to release blood cells, plasma proteins, and other large molecules. This part of the nephron is called the ‘corpuscle’ (again, not a DnD spell). It’s where your blood plasma gets filtered!
The arteriole then follows the nephron around its windy path, wrapping around it at several points – notably the proximal/distal convoluted tubules, and the Vasa Recta that runs parallel to the Loop of Henle. To horrifically simplify a complex process, this provides lots of opportunities for secretion (Bad Stuff to be squeezed out of the blood – those dangerous ions and waste products we talked about earlier!) and selective reabsorption (Good Stuff (water) gets squeezed back in). It’s a careful balancing act, orchestrated in part by hormones! The end result (theoretically) is that all the stuff you DON’T want is shlorped into the nephron as urine, and all the water you need is shlorped back into the blood.
Once your kidneys have produced your peepee, it takes a fun rollercoaster ride through a series of ducts and tubes! Collecting duct -> papillary duct -> minor calyx -> major calyx -> renal pelvis -> ureter -> urinary bladder -> urethra -> you know the rest.
Your kidneys produce 180 litres of fluid a day (aka, a hell of a lot) but most of this is reabsorbed in these little nephrons, with water & useful solutes going back into the bloodstream! As a result, you only pee about 1-2 litres a day (though I swear I feel closer to the 180 litres some days)
Because kidneys are SOOOO important (your body does NOT like to be full of urea/ammonia/sodium, or acid!) they’re really, really vascular (lots of blood supply). They receive up to 25% of your resting cardiac output! So, when you’re just chilling, literally 25% of your blood is being gobbled by those hungry, hungry kidneys!
This means the kidney is VULNERABLE TO TRAUMA.
Although kidney trauma can be picked up on Ultrasound, we will take anyone who has suffered abdominal trauma through to CT, as you get better pictures there! We usually use a multiphase protocol – a longer scan, basically – to show us the extent of the injury, with a non-contrast phase (shows calculi clearly), an arterial phase (evaluates any injury to the renal arteries), a nephographic phase (shows renal lesions clearly), and a delayed phase (shows bleeding and injuries to the urinary collection system). Basically, contrast quickly moves to your kidneys from your blood stream, and filters through the collection system – so if we give a bolus of contrast and watch it flood through the renal arteries, then wait a little while, we can see how the kidneys are processing it or if it’s spilling into the surrounding space.
Kidney trauma is graded from 1 (no laceration but a haematoma (bruise) within the kidney capsule) to 5 (kidney torn away from renal vascular system and dying as a result, actively bleeding, structure of kidney shattered). Here’s a grade 5 (Left (looks like the right side of the image)) in comparison to the normal healthy kidney (Right (looks like the left side of the image)). Note the massive visible laceration + huge haematoma!
Loooooads of other stuff can go wrong with your kidneys too – but that’s a whole other post! Which I will make, one day soon, because it's super fascinating!
(Have you ever heard of a stag horn calculus? It will put you off holding onto your pee FOR LIFE. If you're sitting there kinda needing the loo but not going... GO NOW. PLEASE.)l
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Hypothalamus does vasopressin/ADH elevates blood pressure.
Glomerulus secretes renin, vasoconstricts to increase blood pressure.
Erythropoietin stimulates the bone marrow to produce more red blood cells.
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D activated in kidney.
Renal disease decreases glomerular filtration and creatinine clearance rate (labs: GFR, BUN, creatinine. BUN and Cr elevated.
In acute kidney injury, a BUN:Cr of 20:1 indicates a pre-renal state in which BUN is increased due to acute kidney damage. AKI may be reversible, not requiring dialysis.
Reduced BUN reabsorption indicated by a BUN to creatinine ratio of less than 10:1, suggests need for dialysis.
Renal solute load = solutes excreted in 1L of urine. MAIN SOLUTES: nitrogen and sodium.
Anemia, upset blood pressure, and decreased activation of vitamin D involved in renal insufficiency (due to the hormones released by kidney and hypothalamus).
TO BE ADDED TO...
#dietetics#kidney#hormones#blood pressure#vasoconstriction#vasopressin#ADH#antidiuretic hormone#erythropoietin#vitamin D
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The night before my nephrology and urology exam and I'm googling "what is a glomerulus"
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Kidney Hospitals for Kidney Treatment in India
Kidney transplant is a medical process where a person's unhealthy kidney gets taken out and replaced with a healthy one. The healthy kidney can come from someone who has passed away or someone who is alive. Skilled surgeons do this operation in a hospital setting.
Kidneys are like two bean-shaped organs, each the size of a fist. They sit under your rib cage, one on each side of your spine. Healthy kidneys do an important job: they filter about half a cup of blood every minute. They remove waste and extra water from your blood to make pee. This pee travels from your kidneys to your bladder through small tubes called ureters, one on each side of your bladder. Your bladder holds onto the urine until you're ready to go to the bathroom. Together, your kidneys, ureters, and bladder make up your urinary tract.
Your kidneys are like purifies that clean your blood. They get rid of waste and extra water. They also balance the acid in your body and keep the right amount of water, salt, and minerals like sodium, calcium, phosphorus, and potassium in your blood.
If this balance is off, your nerves, muscles, and other body parts might not work right.
Your kidneys also make hormones that:
Help your body make red blood cells
Control your blood pressure
Keep your bones strong and healthy
Your kidneys are like super cleaners in your body. Inside each kidney, there are tiny parts called nephrons, about a million in total. Each nephron has two important parts: a filter called the glomerulus, and a tubule.
Here's how it goes: First, the glomerulus acts like a strainer, filtering your blood. Then, the tubule picks up the good stuff your body needs and puts it back into your blood. At the same time, it gets rid of the stuff your body doesn't need, like waste. It's like a two-step cleaning process that keeps your body running smoothly!
Top 10 Kidney Hospitals in India
Medanta the Medicity, Gurugram
Artemis Hospital, Gurugram-
Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurugram-
Yashoda Hospitals, Hyderabad
Fortis Hospital Bannerghatta Road, Bangalore-
Apollo Multispecialty Hospital, Kolkata
Global Hospital Parel, Mumbai
Apollo Hospital Greams Road, Chennai
Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai-
Marengo CIMS Hospital, Ahemdabad
India has emerged as a worldwide leader in kidney transplantation, offering one of the best healthcare facilities and expertise. The 10 top best kidney transplant hospitals in India, are remodeling kidney care through their cutting-edge technologies, experienced medical teams, and patient-centric approach.
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What is the Structure of Nephron?
The human kidney is a remarkable organ that performs various functions essential for maintaining overall health. The nephron is the fundamental structural and functional unit of the kidney, responsible for the filtration and purification of blood. It is the core of the kidney that determines the state and strength of kidneys. The structure and function of nephrons invariably decide the overall functioning of the human kidney. A careful observation of the nephron diagram in the later section of this blog post will help you gain more insights with the help of the illustration.
There are at least one million nephrons in each kidney, and together, they drive the kidneys, collectively serving as the functional unit responsible for filtering blood and regulating the body’s fluid balance. As we explore the structure and functions of nephrons, and parts of nephrons, we actually shed light on their significance in maintaining overall health.
Structure of Nephron
There are two kinds of nephrons, superficial cortical nephrons that comprise 70-80%, and the rest being juxtamedullary nephrons. A look at the parts structure of nephrons, we realize that they consist of two primary components: the renal corpuscle and the renal tubule.
Renal Corpuscle
Among the parts of a nephron, the renal corpuscle is a key one and also the initial site of blood filtration. It spearheads the core function nephron, through glomerulus, a network of tiny blood vessels, and the Bowman’s capsule, which surrounds the glomerulus. The glomerulus acts as a sieve, allowing small molecules such as water, electrolytes, and waste products to pass through while preventing the passage of larger molecules such as proteins and blood cells.
Renal Tubule
The next among the major parts of a nephron is renal tubule, a long, convoluted structure that continues from the Bowman’s capsule. It consists of several segments, each with specific functions. These segments include the proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and collecting duct.
Functions of Nephron
The Nephron functions are explained below,
Filtration
Filtration is the first step in urine formation and occurs in the renal corpuscle. As blood passes through the glomerulus, the high-pressure forces water, ions, nutrients, and waste products out of the blood and into the Bowman’s capsule. This fluid, known as the filtrate, contains substances that need to be selectively reabsorbed or excreted.
Reabsorption
Reabsorption takes place primarily in the renal tubule. Essential substances, such as glucose, amino acids, and water, are selectively reabsorbed into the surrounding capillaries to be returned to the bloodstream. This process ensures that vital molecules are retained in the body, maintaining balance.
Secretion
Secretion involves the transfer of additional substances, such as excess ions, drugs, and toxins, from the blood into the renal tubule. This process allows the nephron to regulate the concentration of certain substances in the body, aiding in the elimination of waste and maintenance of homeostasis.
Excretion
Excretion is the final step in urine formation. After the filtrate has undergone reabsorption and secretion processes in the renal tubule, it reaches the collecting duct. Here, additional water and solutes are reabsorbed or excreted based on the body’s needs, resulting in the formation of concentrated urine.
Types of Nephrons
There are two main types of nephrons: cortical nephrons and juxtamedullary nephrons.
Cortical Nephrons
Cortical nephrons are the most abundant type, comprising approximately 85% of all nephrons. They are primarily located in the outer region of the kidney cortex and have a shorter loop of Henle. These nephrons are involved in maintaining overall body fluid balance.
Juxtamedullary Nephrons
Juxtamedullary nephrons are located closer to the medulla of the kidney and have a longer loop of Henle. They play a crucial role in producing concentrated urine and are involved in the body’s water conservation mechanisms.
The nephron, as the functional unit of the kidney, performs vital tasks to maintain fluid balance, regulate blood pressure, and eliminate waste products from the body. It is an intricate system that ensures the proper filtration, reabsorption, and secretion processes required for overall health and well-being.
Understanding the structure and functions of nephron, and their types provides valuable insights into the complex processes involved in urine formation. The nephron’s remarkable capabilities enable the body to maintain a delicate balance and eliminate waste effectively. By comprehending the significance of nephrons, we can appreciate the intricacies of the human body’s filtration system.
Hope our article has introduced you to more interesting information about the human body, and added extra knowledge. Tutoroot, as an educational institute offers online interactive classes with a personalised touch. Click here to book a free demo of our live interactive sessions for NEET Online Tuitions and much more for the various boards.
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IgA nephropathy is a kidney condition in which IgA, a protein that helps the body protect itself against external invaders, builds up in the kidneys and causes damage. This reduces their screening ability. As a result, the kidneys begin to leak chemicals into the urine, such as blood and protein. As a result, treatment options focus on controlling immunological and inflammatory processes in the glomerulus and tubulointerstitium. Therefore, many contemporary therapeutic techniques, such as renin-angiotensin blocking, proteinuria reduction, and blood pressure control, are applicable to various kinds of chronic glomerular disorders.
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bio teacher: unlike red blood cells, which have biconcave disc shapes, white blood cells can enter the glomerulus during ultrafiltration and be excreted with urine
me: huh
me: what the hell
me: i need them???
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Opinie: Het gaat niet goed met de Surinaamse nieren
“Het gaat niet goed met de nierzorg in Suriname. Ons land telt een ongekend hoog aantal dialysepatiënten dat alleen maar lijkt toe te nemen. In de afgelopen decennia zijn er honderden bijgekomen; inmiddels telt Suriname achthonderd dialysepatiënten, per capita drieënhalf keer zoveel als Nederland. Nierdialysecentra, particulier en via de overheid, zijn de laatste jaren als paddenstoelen uit de grond geschoten. Het is duidelijk dat Suriname kampt met een nierepidemie en een nierzorg die op één nier loopt; geen situatie om trots op te zijn”, een passage uit Parbode. Om specifiek te zijn de septembereditie uit het jaar 2022. Nu zijn we een jaar verder en het gaat nog steeds niet goed met de Surinaamse nieren.
Anatomie van de menselijke nier
De nieren zijn complexe orgaansystemen met vitale functies in het menselijk lichaam. Het menselijk lichaam bevat twee nieren, gelegen aan weerszijden van de wervelkolom, onder de ribbenkast. Elke nier is verdeeld in een buitenste cortex en een binnenste medulla, beide met specifieke functies. De functionele eenheid van de nier wordt gevormd door nefronen, die bestaan uit een glomerulus(nierfiltertje) en een nierkanaaltje (nierfilter systeem). Er zijn ongeveer één miljoen nefronen in elke nier. De nieren filteren het bloed om afvalstoffen, overtollig zout en water te verwijderen. Dit proces begint in de glomerulus, waar bloedplasma wordt gefilterd. Nuttige stoffen zoals glucose, elektrolyten en water worden opnieuw opgenomen in het bloed terwijl het door het nierkanaaltje stroomt. De nieren reguleren de concentratie van urine om de water- en elektrolytenbalans in het lichaam te handhaven. Door het beïnvloeden van de hoeveelheid water die wordt uitgescheiden, spelen de nieren een cruciale rol bij het reguleren van de bloeddruk. De nieren hebben ook de cruciale taak om kalium in het bloed te reguleren en produceren ook belangrijke hormonen. Ik ben geen arts, maar ben op zoek gegaan naar informatie zodat u begrijpt hoe belangrijk de nieren zijn. Tijdens zijn afstudeervoordracht op 12 december 2023 heeft internist-nefroloog Khalid Saboerali het heel duidelijk gezegd: “De nieren zorgen ervoor dat de interne, fysieke en chemische omstandigheden in het lichaam zodanig in stand worden gehouden, waardoor het leven mogelijk blijft.” Een internist-nefroloog is een medisch specialist die zich toelegt op de diagnose, behandeling en preventie van nieraandoeningen. Deze unieke combinatie van specialisaties maakt hen deskundig in zowel de interne geneeskunde als de nefrologie, wat cruciaal is voor het begrijpen en aanpakken van diverse nier-gerelateerde gezondheidsproblemen.
Oorzaken nierziekten
Na verschillende betrouwbare websites van diverse internationale ziekenhuizen en medische platformen heb ik de volgende informatie verzameld.
Belangrijkste oorzaken van nierziekten:
Hoge Bloeddruk (Hypertensie): Langdurige, onbehandelde hoge bloeddruk kan de bloedvaten in de nieren beschadigen, waardoor de nieren niet effectief kunnen filteren.
Diabetes Mellitus: Diabetes is een belangrijke oorzaak van nierziekte. Hoge bloedsuikerspiegels (suikerziekte) beschadigen de kleine bloedvaten in de nieren.
Genetische factoren: Sommige nierziekten hebben een genetische basis, zoals polycysteuze nierziekte (PKD) en bepaalde vormen van glomerulonefritis(nierfilterontsteking).
Auto-immuunziekten: Aandoeningen zoals lupus en andere auto-immuunziekten kunnen het immuunsysteem ertoe aanzetten de nieren aan te vallen.
Nierinfecties: Herhaalde of ernstige infecties kunnen leiden tot littekenvorming in de nieren en uiteindelijk nierziekte veroorzaken.
Langdurig Gebruik van Nefrotoxische Medicijnen: Sommige medicijnen, vooral als ze langdurig worden gebruikt, kunnen de nieren beschadigen. Voorbeelden zijn niet-steroïdale ontstekingsremmers (NSAID's) en bepaalde antibiotica.
Nierstenen: Herhaalde vorming van nierstenen kan de nieren beschadigen en de normale werking verstoren.
Aderverkalking (Atherosclerose): Verharding en vernauwing van de slagaders die bloed naar de nieren brengen, kunnen de nierfunctie belemmeren.
Obesitas: Overgewicht en obesitas zijn risicofactoren voor het ontwikkelen van nierziekten, mogelijk vanwege hun associatie met diabetes en hoge bloeddruk.
Hiv en AIDS: Het hiv-virus kan de nieren direct aantasten, wat leidt tot nierziekte.
Veroudering: Het verouderingsproces zelf kan bijdragen aan nierfunctieverlies, hoewel het niet noodzakelijk tot nierziekte leidt.
Het is belangrijk op te merken dat sommige mensen een hoger risico lopen op nierziekten dan anderen, en vroegtijdige detectie en mitigatie van risicofactoren zijn cruciaal om de niergezondheid te behouden. Individuen met risicofactoren, zoals diabetes of hypertensie, moeten regelmatig medisch worden gecontroleerd om eventuele tekenen van nierproblemen vroegtijdig op te sporen. Nefroloog Saboerali liet tijdens zijn afstudeervoordracht presentatie doorschemeren dat in Suriname de meeste nierziekten zoals in de wereld hoogstwaarschijnlijk wordt veroorzaakt door Diabetes Mellitus. “Geschat wordt dat ongeveer 30 tot 40 procent van de mensen met diabetes mellitus chronische nierschade krijgen. Waarschijnlijk heeft ongeveer 20 procent van de mensen met hoge bloeddruk in Suriname, chronische nierschade. En een deel van de mensen krijgen nierschade door genetische predispositie”, aldus de medisch specialist. Hij stond ook stil bij nierziekten door de kans op een genmuatie(APOL-1) bij mensen met West-Afrikaanse voorouders. De geschiedenis leert ons dat veel van onze Afro-Surinaamse broeders en zusters West-Afrikaanse voorouders hebben. Het is raadzaam dat deze groep de nieren en bloeddruk in de eerstelijnszorg consequent laten controleren.
Uitdagingen nierziekten Suriname
Nefroloog Saboerali merkte in zijn afstudeervoordracht op dat beschikbaarheid en betaalbaarheid van medicatie een reële uitdaging is. “Dialyse kan soms nodig zijn, helaas om patiënten met chronische nierschade in leven te houden. Dialyse is heel duur. Het enige component wat niet geïmporteerd wordt is personeel denk ik. Gelukkig lukt het nog om patiënten te dialyseren in Suriname met heel veel vlieg- en kunstwerk. En dat komt natuurlijk door het harde werk van het zorgpersoneel en natuurlijk de beleidsmakers die soms wel luisteren denk ik.” Hij gaf ook aan dat Suriname een duurzaam niertransplantatieprogramma ontbeert.
Klimaatverandering en nieren
In Suriname is er de afgelopen dagen veel nieuws geweest over de klimaattop in Dubai (COP 28). Er wordt vanuit het ministerie van ROM ook veel gesproken over koolstofkredieten. Wat echter nergens te lezen valt, zijn de effecten van klimaatverandering op onze nieren. Deze discussie wordt in de wereld al op wetenschappelijk niveau gevoerd. Klimaatverandering kan indirecte effecten hebben op de gezondheid. Verhoging van omgevingstemperatuur temperaturen en extreme weersomstandigheden kunnen de incidentie van bepaalde nier-gerelateerde aandoeningen, zoals uitdroging en hittegerelateerde ziekten, verhogen. Recurrente dehydratie als gevolg van klimaatverandering kan inderdaad het risico op nierschade en nierstenen vergroten. Onvoldoende vochtinname kan leiden tot geconcentreerde urine, wat de vorming van nierstenen bevordert. Daarnaast kan herhaalde dehydratie de normale nierfunctie belasten en het risico op chronische nierziekte vergroten. Voldoende waterinname en bewustzijn van de gezondheidseffecten van klimaatgerelateerde factoren op de nieren zijn van eminent belang.
Inschrijving Nefroloog Saboerali in Surinaams specialisten register lichtpuntje in uitdagende tijden
In bijna alle statistieken van de Wereldgezondheidsorganisatie over risicofactoren voor de zogenaamde NCD’s scoort Suriname met rode cijfers. De werkdruk is ook bijzonder hoog op de internist-nefrologen. Saboerali is een welkome toevoeging aan de sectie nefrologen van de interne geneeskunde in Suriname. Diverse collegae hebben hun blijdschap getoond tijdens zijn inschrijvingsceremonie. De geroutineerde en bekend internist Jivan Adhin van het Academisch Ziekenhuis Paramaribo (AZP) sprak vol lof over de nieuwbakken nefroloog. Adhin kent hem vanaf zijn tijd als co-assistent en heeft hem ook mogen begeleiden.
Zelfzorg voor gezonde nieren
Voldoende water drinken is essentieel voor het spoelen van afvalstoffen uit de nieren en het handhaven van een gezonde nierfunctie. Beperk de inname van zout en verzadigde vetten. Eet een uitgebalanceerd dieet met veel groenten, fruit en volle granen. Houd de bloeddruk binnen gezonde grenzen. Hoge bloeddruk kan nierproblemen veroorzaken. Voor mensen met diabetes is het belangrijk om de bloedsuikerspiegel te beheersen, omdat hoge niveaus schadelijk kunnen zijn voor de nieren. Overmatig alcoholgebruik kan nierproblemen veroorzaken, dus drink met mate. Roken verhoogt het risico op nierziekten, dus stoppen met roken is gunstig voor de niergezondheid. Lichaamsbeweging bevordert de algemene gezondheid en kan de bloeddruk helpen reguleren.
Reguliere controle van de bloeddruk is cruciaal, omdat hoge bloeddruk een belangrijke factor is bij nieraandoeningen. Eerstelijnszorgverleners kunnen de bloeddruk meten en indien nodig behandeling aanbevelen. Ook kunnen ze bloed- en urinetests bestellen om de nierfunctie te evalueren. Afwijkingen in deze laboratoriumuitslagen kunnen wijzen op mogelijke nierproblemen. Identificatie van risicofactoren zoals diabetes en familiaire geschiedenis van nierziekten kan helpen bij vroegtijdige detectie en preventie. Eerstelijnszorgverleners kunnen patiënten voorlichten over het belang van een gezonde levensstijl, waaronder dieet, lichaamsbeweging en het vermijden van risicofactoren. Bij het detecteren van potentiële nierproblemen kunnen eerstelijnszorgverleners vroegtijdige interventies aanbevelen, zoals verwijzing naar een nefroloog voor verdere evaluatie. Regelmatige monitoring, gezonde levensstijlkeuzes en tijdige interventies kunnen bijdragen aan het voorkomen van nierziekten en het behoud van een optimale niergezondheid. Laten we goed zorgen voor onze nieren.
Read the full article
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Rena (renal artery)
Seeks (segmental artery)
Illicit (interlobar artery)
Articles (arcuate artery)
Containing Radical (cortical radiate artery)
Actions against (afferent arteriole)
God's (glomerulus)
Existence (efferent arteriole)
and that's how you trace blood flow through the arteries in a kidney
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Understanding the Kidneys: Silent Heroes of Health - Hiranandani Hospital Kidney
Our bodies are intricate, complex systems composed of various organs working harmoniously to maintain health and vitality. Among these organs, the kidneys often don’t receive the recognition they deserve. These remarkable bean-shaped organs, located on either side of the spine, play a vital role in maintaining our overall well-being. The kidneys are the silent heroes of health, tirelessly performing numerous functions that are essential for life. In this blog, we will dive deep into the world of kidneys, understanding their anatomy, functions, common kidney-related issues, and how to care for these unsung heroes.
The Anatomy of the Kidneys
Before we explore the intricate functions of the kidneys, it’s essential to understand their anatomy. Each human has two kidneys, one on the left side and one on the right, located just below the ribcage. The kidneys are approximately the size of a fist, and they are shaped like beans. Despite their relatively small size, the kidneys are involved in an array of critical tasks that keep the body functioning optimally.
A kidney is divided into several regions, with each having its unique purpose. The outer part of the kidney is known as the renal cortex, while the inner part is called the renal medulla. Within the medulla are structures called renal pyramids, which are responsible for transporting urine into the ureters as per Hiranandani Hospital Kidney.
One of the kidney’s most essential components is the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. Nephrons are responsible for filtering blood and regulating the composition of body fluids. They consist of a glomerulus, which filters the blood, and a tubule, which reabsorbs vital substances like water, electrolytes, and amino acids.
The renal pelvis collects urine produced by the nephrons and funnels it into the ureters, which then transport the urine to the bladder for storage and eventual elimination.
The Kidneys’ Vital Functions
The kidneys perform a multitude of functions that are crucial for maintaining good health. Here are some of their primary roles:
Filtration of Blood: The kidneys act as natural filters, removing waste products and excess substances from the blood. These waste products, including urea and creatinine, are eventually excreted as urine.
Fluid and Electrolyte Balance: The kidneys regulate the balance of fluids and electrolytes in the body. They control the amount of water retained or excreted to maintain proper hydration and electrolyte levels.
Blood Pressure Regulation: The kidneys help regulate blood pressure by controlling the volume of blood in the circulatory system. They release renin, an enzyme that plays a key role in blood pressure regulation.
Red Blood Cell Production: Erythropoietin, a hormone produced by the kidneys, stimulates the bone marrow to produce red blood cells. This function is vital for ensuring adequate oxygen transport throughout the body.
Acid-Base Balance: The kidneys help maintain the body’s acid-base balance by excreting hydrogen ions and reabsorbing bicarbonate from the urine.
Common Kidney-Related Issues
Despite their critical role in maintaining health, the kidneys are susceptible to various diseases and conditions that can impair their function. Here are some common kidney-related issues stated by Hiranandani Hospital Kidney Transplant :
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): CKD is a long-term condition in which the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function. This condition often develops slowly and may result from other health issues like diabetes and high blood pressure. Managing CKD involves controlling these underlying conditions and making lifestyle changes.
Kidney Stones: Kidney stones are hard deposits of minerals and salts that can form in the kidneys. They can cause severe pain as they move through the urinary tract. Prevention strategies include staying hydrated and making dietary adjustments.
Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs): UTIs can affect various parts of the urinary system, including the kidneys. They are typically caused by bacteria and can lead to kidney infections if left untreated. Drinking plenty of water and proper hygiene can help prevent UTIs.
Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD): PKD is a genetic disorder characterized by the growth of cysts in the kidneys. These cysts can gradually replace healthy kidney tissue, leading to kidney failure. Management of PKD may involve symptom control and, in some cases, kidney transplantation.
Hypertension: High blood pressure can damage the small blood vessels in the kidneys, impairing their filtering capacity. Managing hypertension is crucial to preserving kidney function.
Read More — Why Hiranandani Hospital Is One Of The Best Kidney Care Centres In Mumbai?
Caring for Your Kidneys
Maintaining kidney health is essential for overall well-being. Here are some strategies to help you care for your kidneys:
Stay Hydrated: Proper hydration is essential for kidney function. Drinking an adequate amount of water helps dilute urine and prevents the formation of kidney stones.
Balanced Diet: Eat a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. Reducing salt intake can help prevent high blood pressure and kidney damage.
Control Blood Pressure: Monitor your blood pressure regularly and take steps to keep it within a healthy range. This may involve medication, lifestyle changes, or a combination of both.
Manage Blood Sugar: If you have diabetes, it’s crucial to manage your blood sugar levels to prevent kidney damage. Follow your healthcare provider’s guidance for diabetes management.
Limit Alcohol and Avoid Smoking: Excessive alcohol consumption and smoking can harm the kidneys. Reducing or eliminating these habits can help preserve kidney function.
Exercise Regularly: Regular physical activity can help control blood pressure, maintain a healthy weight, and reduce the risk of kidney disease.
Avoid Overuse of Pain Medications: Over-the-counter pain relievers, when used excessively, can damage the kidneys. Use these medications as directed and consult with a healthcare provider if you have concerns.
Manage Stress: Chronic stress can contribute to hypertension and other health problems. Practicing stress management techniques like meditation, yoga, or deep breathing exercises can be beneficial.
Regular Check-ups: Schedule regular check-ups with your healthcare provider to monitor your kidney health. They can assess your kidney function through blood and urine tests.
When to Seek Medical Attention
It’s essential to be aware of signs that may indicate kidney problems. If you experience any of the following symptoms, consult a healthcare professional:
Frequent urination, particularly at night
Blood in the urine
Persistent puffiness around the eyes or swelling in the ankles, feet, or hands
High blood pressure that’s difficult to control
Fatigue and weakness
Loss of appetite and unexplained weight loss
Pain or discomfort in the kidney area (lower back)
Changes in urine color or odor
Difficulty or pain during urination
These symptoms could be indicative of kidney issues, and early detection and treatment can help prevent further complications.
Conclusion
The kidneys are indeed the silent heroes of our health, tirelessly performing numerous functions that are vital for our well-being. Dr. Sujit Chatterjee Hiranandani hospital says Understanding their anatomy, functions, and common issues is essential to take care of these unsung heroes. By adopting a healthy lifestyle, staying hydrated, and being vigilant about any signs of kidney problems, you can ensure that your kidneys continue to work silently and efficiently, supporting your overall health for years to come. Your kidneys may not always demand the spotlight, but they certainly deserve
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Fourmis : comment elles perçoivent l’odeur du danger
Grâce à une lignée transgénique, une équipe américaine a réussi à suivre, dans le cerveau d’une fourmi, l’effet provoqué par des phéromones d’alarme.
Nathaniel Herzberg
Publié hier à 15h00, modifié à 11h32 [19.06.2023]
Sparse and stereotyped encoding implicates a core glomerulus for ant alarm behavior: Cell, 14.06.2023 https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(23)00544-5
Keywords
antennal lobe / calcium imaging / chemosensation / clonal raider ant / communication / GCaMP / odor coding / olfaction / Ooceraea biroi / pheromone
[Image] Graphical abstract
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Glomerulonefritis akut pada anak
Glomerulonefritis akut pada anak adalah suatu kondisi yang ditandai dengan peradangan pada glomerulus, yaitu bagian ginjal yang berfungsi untuk menyaring darah dan membuang zat sisa dari tubuh. Glomerulonefritis akut pada anak dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, namun yang paling sering adalah infeksi bakteri streptokokus beta hemolitikus grup A tipe nefritogenik.
Glomerulonefritis akut pada…
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