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#cambridge experimentation review board
whats-in-a-sentence · 6 months
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The Boston Globe's view of the response at MIT to the decision by the lay members of the Cambridge Experimentation Review Board to allow recombinant DNA experiments to continue in the city.
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"Frankenstein's Footsteps: Science, Genetics and Popular Culture" - Jon Turney
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themowearchives · 12 days
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Bio
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formed in boston and currently based in somerville, my own worst enemy (aka mowe) is a female-fronted trio that creates dynamic indie-garage-pop using two electric guitars and drums - no bass - alongside strong harmonies, rapid-fire rhythms and occasional harmonica and twang. inspired by the boston music scene and by the likes of sleater-kinney, patti smith and the replacements, songwriters sue and steve started playing, writing and making four-track recordings after meeting at the middle east in cambridge. the duo added drums to the mix and began gigging, playing their first show at o'brien's in allston in february 1998. the cassette-only demo tape called "cinnamon" followed later that year. the band kept writing new songs and released treblemaker, a collage of loose, energetic demos and late-night studio experimentation in 2000. with a drummer change the following year, mowe survived on a steady diet of writing new material and sporadically playing live, releasing the 13-song no guarantees in 2003, produced by pete weiss and released on elis eil records.
my own worst enemy's straight ahead, d.i.y. approach to passionate, heart-on-your-sleeve songwriting and high energy live shows continues to evolve and move the band in new directions. the addition of a.j. on drums in 2005 gave the band a huge boost and again spurred a major songwriting flourish. the recharged trio hit the clubs and ultimately returned to recording with pete weiss once again behind the board at verdant studio. in the fall of 2007, mowe released its third record, total action, on pristine indigo records. positive reviews, college radio airplay, better gigs and a stronger live following were the result of their efforts.
using the momentum from total action as a springboard, my own worst enemy takes it's game to the next level with its 2011 full-length, electric like the moon. the eleven song record follows the band's blueprint of recording live basic tracks in the woods of vermont, working quickly and efficiently to produce a loose and real-sounding document of a band not over-thinking the process. this record picks up where total action left off and delivers a solid, up-tempo collection of modern rock songs in a fashion that only sue, steve and aj can muster. highlights include the band's epic ode to billy ruane, called "man of the hour"; a major-chord garage-rawk tribute to monoman and felice called "the kids don't care" and covers as only mowe can perform, by the smiths, lady gaga and tribe.
in late 2013, mowe released a limited-edition 45 rpm single, paul revere/angel of the underground. recorded and produced entirely in their hometown of somerville, ma. (at q division and armory sound) by pete weiss (who else??) the band continues to churn out the hits.
if this isn't enough to hook you, they probably never will. come to a live show and get a copy or find an online outlet...you'll be glad you did.
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sue - guitar & vocals
sue's humble musical beginnings trace back to the fifth grade when she would play the folk mass at her church. after moving to boston for college, and years of recovery from having attended catholic school, sue picked up the guitar again with less sacred intentions. over time, she moved from working out bob dylan and janis joplin tunes to writing songs of her own, playing for an audience of one kitty (named nico) in her little studio apartment. sue's muses range from patti smith to r.e.m., billie holiday to husker du, leading to songs that are rooted in feeling, not formula. as a longtime supporter of local bands on the boston scene, sue has drawn inspiration over the years from favs like jen trynin, scarce, dambuilders and kristin hersh. although it's unlikely her songs will ever be heard at church services again, their purity and veracity cannot be denied. working with bandmates steve and a.j. allows sue's songwriting and vocalization to continue evolving in new and ever-intriguing directions.
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steve - guitar & vocals
steve's earliest music memories are sitting up in a favorite tree listening to simon & garfunkel and the beatles on a snoopy am radio. second to the pop tunes of the 70s was the raw, exciting world of punk & new wave in the early 80s; high school afternoons were a crash-course in new music, digging through friends' vinyl collections that included the vapors, marshall crenshaw, pretenders, the clash and elvis costello. inspired by the music's originality and coolness, steve bought a juno 106 synth and began composing original songs, eventually swapping the keys for a guitar and four-track. after gaining degrees in liberal arts and english literature at umass, steve moved to providence and then to boston where there were great local music scenes going, all the while writing tons of songs and listening to alot of replacements, big star, uncle tupelo, teenage fanclub and guided by voices. eventually fate intervened: steve met singer/songwriter sue at a dambuilders/fuzzy show in cambridge. they have been writing and playing together ever since.
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a.j.: drums, harmonica, backing vocals
a.j. remembers fondly a day long ago...ozzy osbourne's "crazy train" blaring from the radio...rocking out in his high chair...older sisters approving his behavior...thinking, "hmm...me likey." while much has changed over the years, that same pinball-machine effect seemed to spontaneously recur inside (sans high chair) upon hearing the likes of u2, the police, the beatles and the kinks. a drum kit received for high school graduation provided an antidote of sorts as a.j. let loose the full-tilt frenzy within. and later on, the clash, uncle tupelo, wilco, the stone roses (first album), the band and the shins proved beyond a doubt just how much great drums could impact and shape a song. since joining the band in march of 2005, a.j. is already making his mark on the songs of my own worst enemy.
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passionthatmoves · 3 years
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Less than a year to develop a COVID vaccine – here’s why you shouldn’t be alarmed
“I keep hearing people talk about the seven to ten years it takes to make a vaccine and how dangerous speeding this up might be. [...] So, as a clinical trials doctor, I am going to tell you what I do for most of those ten years – and it is not very much.I’m not lazy. I submit grants, have them rejected, resubmit them, wait for review, resubmit them somewhere else, sometimes in a loop of doom. When I am lucky enough to get trials funded, I then spend months on submitting to ethics boards. I wait for regulators, deal with personnel changes at the drugs company and a “change of focus” away from my trials, and eventually, if I am very lucky, I spend time setting up trials: finding sites, training sites, panicking because recruitment is poor, finding more sites. 
Ten years to develop a vaccine is a bad thing
So next time somebody expresses concern at the astonishing speed the vaccine trials have happened at, point out to them that ten years isn’t a good thing, it’s a bad thing. It’s not ten years because that is safe, it’s ten hard years of battling indifference, commercial imperatives, luck and red tape. [...] Safety has not been compromised. All trials have been through the correct “phases” or process of any normal drug or vaccine. Hundreds of thousands of the very best of us volunteered and had an experimental vaccine. The world watched so closely that when a single person fell ill, we were all debating it.
None of this is to downplay the challenges still ahead. It is also not to say vaccines are without safety questions still to be answered. It has been, however, a triumph of good process and great people. I am confident that when regulators pore over the safety and efficacy data, closely followed by every interested scientist in the world, that vaccines will only be used if their benefits clearly outweigh the risks – and you should be confident too.“
Mark Toshner (Director of Translational Biomedical Research, University of Cambridge), ‘Less than a year to develop a COVID vaccine’ (25 November 2020) The Conversation 
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FREEMAN J. DYSON (1923-2020): SCIENTIST AND WRITER, WHO DREAMT AMONG THE STARS, DIES AT 96 Freeman J. Dyson, theoretical physicist and writer, who embraced the stunning diversity of the universe with unique spirit, died on February 28, 2020, in Princeton, New Jersey, at the age of 96. Dyson generated revolutionary scientific insights, including calculations bridging the quantum and human worlds. His contributions stem from his work in numerous areas, including nuclear engineering, solid state physics, ferromagnetism, astrophysics, biology, and applied mathematics. The Institute for Advanced Study (IAS), which was Dyson’s academic home for more than 60 years, announced his death. “No life is more entangled with the Institute and impossible to capture -- architect of modern particle physics, free-range mathematician, advocate of space travel, astrobiology and disarmament, futurist, eternal graduate student, rebel to many preconceived ideas including his own, thoughtful essayist, all the time a wise observer of the human scene,” stated Robbert Dijkgraaf, IAS Director and Leon Levy Professor. “His secret was simply saying ‘yes’ to everything in life, till the very end. We are blessed and honored that Freeman, Imme, and their family made the Institute their home. It will be so forever.” “Freeman Dyson made fundamental contributions in an incredibly wide variety of fields in physics and mathematics,” stated Edward Witten, Charles Simonyi Professor in the School of Natural Sciences. “His contributions were so wide-ranging that it is virtually impossible for any one person to summarize them adequately. Quantum electrodynamics, quantum statistical mechanics, Diophantine approximation of numbers, and random matrix ensembles are just a few of the fields to which Freeman contributed at the highest level. But really, he left his mark almost everywhere.” In 1941, as an undergraduate at Trinity College in Cambridge, Dyson studied physics with Paul Dirac and Arthur Eddington and found an intellectual role model in the famed English mathematician G. H. Hardy, who had previously mentored the mathematical prodigy, Srinivasa Ramanujan. As a mathematician, Dyson published papers on number theory, analysis, and algebraic topology, developing the concept known as “Dyson’s transform” as part of his proof of Mann’s theorem, which serves as a fundamental technique in additive number theory. ��Freeman Dyson was truly a ‘free thinker’ -- there were absolutely no bounds to what he was willing to imagine, no bounds of complexity, of conventional wisdom, of scope and time,” stated Charles Simonyi, IAS Board Chair. “His thoughts, just as the universe he was exploring, and expressed in the title of one of his many books, were truly ‘Infinite in All Directions.’” “A mathematician, physicist, writer, and explorer, who was never afraid to speak his mind, Freeman embodied the values of IAS and more importantly represented the principles that all great scientists aspire to uphold,” stated Jim Simons, IAS Trustee Emeritus and former Member in the School of Mathematics. “Freeman was a marvelous role model, bringing out the best in all those around him. He will be deeply missed.” During the Second World War, Dyson worked for two years as a civilian scientist conducting operations research for the Royal Airforce’s Bomber Command. He then enrolled at Cambridge University and graduated with a B.A. in mathematics in 1945. Dyson was awarded a Commonwealth Fellowship in 1947, bringing him to Cornell University, where he continued to focus his mathematical acumen on theoretical physics, pursuing his graduate work with Hans Bethe and Richard Feynman. In the spring of 1948, Dyson accompanied Feynman on a fabled cross-country road trip that culminated in one of the most remarkable breakthroughs of 20th century physics. After being steeped in the work of Feynman for months and spending six weeks listening to Julian Schwinger’s ideas in Ann Arbor, Dyson was able to prove the equivalency of their two competing theories of quantum electrodynamics (QED), which describes how light and matter interact. Dyson recalled the moment of discovery as a “flash of illumination on the Greyhound bus.” He had been traveling alone for more than 48 hours, making his way to Princeton, NJ, to begin his first membership at the Institute for Advanced Study. The seminal paper outlining Dyson’s discovery was published by The Physical Review in 1949 under the title, “The Radiation Theories of Tomonaga, Schwinger, and Feynman.” While this question was a central problem of physics, the solution was a mathematical one that Dyson was uniquely positioned to solve given his quantitative training. Dyson’s insights -- a Rosetta Stone of physics -- provided a more precise understanding of sub-atomic particles consistent with quantum mechanics and special relativity, enabled the first use of Feynman diagrams in calculating scattering amplitudes, and showed how perturbative QED could be logically understood. Shin’ichiro Tomonaga, Julian Schwinger, and Richard Feynman were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1965 for their work in this area. At the invitation of J. Robert Oppenheimer, the Institute’s longest-serving director, Dyson joined IAS as a member in 1948. Dyson returned to the Institute for a second membership in 1950. The following year, he accepted an offer of a full professorship from Cornell University. Dyson was invited back to IAS for a third time in 1953 to take up a permanent appointment to the faculty, joining a group of the century’s top physicists and mathematicians, including Albert Einstein, Kurt Gödel, Tsung-Dao Lee, Deane Montgomery, Marston Morse, Abraham Pais, Carl Ludwig Siegel, Atle Selberg, Oswald Veblen, John von Neumann, Hermann Weyl, and Chen Ning Yang. The Institute provided Dyson the freedom and flexibility to follow his curiosity to new areas and fields that interested him. In 1956, Dyson began a three-year association with General Atomic, where he worked to design a nuclear reactor that would be inherently safe, or, as colleague Edward Teller put it, “not only idiot-proof, but PhD proof.” The TRIGA reactor is still in production today and used mostly by hospitals. In 1958, he took a leave of absence from the Institute and moved to La Jolla, California to join General Atomic’s “Project Orion,” working with forty scientists to design an atomic spaceship capable of riding a wave of controlled nuclear pulses into deep space. Dyson recalled the fifteen months spent on the short-lived project as “the most exciting and in many ways the happiest of my scientific life.” The ambitious project had once set its sights on “Mars by 1965, Saturn by 1970.” Dyson was engaged in the public debate regarding the nuclear test ban treaty and whether or not an exception should be made for purposes of experimentation. In 1960, he was elected to the council of the Federation of American Scientists, and selected as its chair two years later. From this post, he became an effective advocate for the creation of the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, which existed until 1999 when it was merged with the U.S. State Department. Dyson’s work with this newly created agency gave him greater opportunities to examine the potential consequences of a nuclear war. Concluding that further nuclear testing was “wrong technically, wrong militarily, wrong politically, and wrong morally,” Dyson testified before the U.S. Senate in favor of the nuclear test ban treaty in 1963. Dyson continued to educate the public on important questions of science, becoming a highly sought-after lecturer and frequent contributor to popular scientific publications on a wide variety of topics, including the relation of science to religion, the prospective colonization of the solar system, harnessing the energy of stars, and climate change. In turning from science to writing, Dyson often recalled the advice of his undergraduate mentor G. H. Hardy, “‘Young men should prove theorems, old men should write books.’ So I decided in 1975 to follow Hardy’s example. Like Hardy, I did not stop proving theorems altogether, but my output of theorems gradually diminished as my output of books increased. I have found, like Hardy, that the art of weaving sentences into a story can be as creative as the art of weaving ideas into a theorem.” Dyson produced a steady stream of books geared for the scientifically curious among the general public. Disturbing the Universe (1979) is a portrait-gallery of people he had known during his career as a scientist. Weapons and Hope (1984), which won the National Book Critics Circle Award for Nonfiction in 1984, is a study of ethical problems of war and peace. Infinite in All Directions (1988) is a philosophical meditation based on Dyson’s Gifford Lectures on Natural Theology given at the University of Aberdeen in Scotland. Origins of Life (1986) is a study of one of the major unsolved problems of science. From Eros to Gaia (1992) is a collection of essays and lectures, starting with a science-fiction story written at the age of nine, and ending with a mugging in Washington at age fifty-four. Imagined Worlds (1997) is an edited version of a set of lectures given in 1995 at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem about human destiny, literature, and science. The Sun, the Genome and the Internet (1999) discusses the question of whether modern technology could be used to narrow the gap between rich and poor rather than widen it. The Scientist as Rebel (2006) is a collection of book reviews and essays, mostly published in the New York Review of Books. A Many-colored Glass: Reflections on the Place of Life in the Universe (2007) is an edited version of a set of lectures given in 2004 at the University of Virginia. Maker of Patterns (2018) is an autobiographical account of Freeman’s life through letters written to his parents. For his contributions to science, mathematics, and public policy, Dyson has been honored with over twenty honorary degrees and has been elected to numerous learned societies, including the Royal Society and the National Academy of Sciences. Among Dyson’s accolades are the National Space Society’s Robert Heinlein Memorial Award (2018), the Henri Poincaré Prize of the International Mathematical Physics Congress (2012), the Templeton Prize for Progress in Religion (2000), the Enrico Fermi Award of the U.S. Department of Energy (1995), the Oersted Medal of the American Association of Physics Teachers (1991), the Wolf Prize in Physics (1981), the Harvey Prize (1977), the Max Planck Medal of the German Physical Society (1969), the Hughes Medal of the London Royal Society (1968), the Lorentz Medal of the Royal Netherlands Academy (1966), and the Danny Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics of the American Institute of Physics (1965). Freeman John Dyson was born on December 15, 1923, in Crowthorne, Berkshire, in the United Kingdom. His father was the musician and composer Sir George Dyson; his mother, Mildred Lucy Atkey, a lawyer and social worker. Dyson is survived by his wife, Imme; children Esther, George, Dorothy, Emily, Mia, Rebecca, and step-daughter Katarina; and 16 grandchildren.
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Sparkster source code review
Sparkster has finally opened its code repositories to the public, and as the project has been somewhat in the centre of discussion in the crypto community, as well as marketed by one of the high profile crypto influencers, we have been quite curious to see the result of their efforts.
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The fundamental idea of the project is to provide a high-throughput decentralized cloud computing platform, with software developer kit (SDK) on top with no requirement for programming expertise (coding is supposed to be done in plain English). The idea of plain English coding is far from new and has been emerging more than a few times over the years, but never gotten any widespread traction. The reason in our opinion is that professional developers are not drawn to simplified drag & drop plain language programming interfaces, and non-developers (which is one of the potential target groups for Sparkster) are, well, most probably just not interested in software development altogether.
However the focus of this article is not to scrutinize the use case scenarios suggested by Sparkster (which do raise some question marks) but rather to take a deep look into the code they have produced. With a team counting 14 software developers and quite a bit of runway passed since their ICO in July 2018, our expectations are high.
Non-technical readers are advised to skip to the end for conclusions.
Source code review Sparkster initially published four public repositories in their github (of which one (Sparkster) was empty). We noticed a lack of commit history which we assume is due to a transfer of the repos from a private development environment into github. Three of the above repositories were later combined into a single one containing subfolders for each system element.
The first impression from browsing the repositories is decent after recent cleanups by the team. Readme has been added to the main repository with information on the system itself and installation instructions (Windows x64 only, no Linux build is available yet)
However, we see no copyright notes anywhere in the code developed by Sparkster, which is quite unusual for an open source project released to the public.
Below is a walk-thru of the three relevant folders containing main system components under the Decentralized-Cloud repository and a summary of our impression.
Master-Node folder The source code is written in C++. Everything we see is very basic. In total there are is not a lot of unique code (we expected much more given the development time spent) and a lot of the recently added code is GNU/forks from other projects (all according to the copyright notes for these parts).
An interesting part is, that if this master node spawned the compute node for this transaction, the master node will request the compute node to commit the transaction. The master nodes takes the control over more or less all communication to stakeholders such as clients.  The master node will send a transaction to 20 other master nodes.
The lock mechanism during voting is standard: nodes booting in the middle of voting are locked and cannot participate to avoid incorrect results.
We cannot see anything in the code that differentiates the node and makes it special in any way, i.e. this is blockchain 101.
Compute-Node folder All source files sum up to a very limited amount of code. As the master node takes over a lot of control, the compute node focuses on the real work. A minimalistic code is generally recommended in a concept like this, but this is far less than expected.
We found the “gossip” to 21 master nodes before the memory gets erased and the compute node falls back to listen mode.
The concept of 21 master nodes is defined in the block producer. Every hour a new set of 21 master nodes become the master node m21.
“At any given point in time, 21 Master Nodes will exist that facilitate consensus on transactions and blocks; we will call these master nodes m21. The nodes in m21 are selected every hour through an automated voting process”
(Source: https://github.com/sparkster-me/Decentralized-Cloud)
The compute node is somewhat the heart of the project but is yet again standard without any features giving it high performance capability.
Storage-Node folder The source code is again very basic. Apart from this, the code is still at an experimental stage with e.g. buffer overflow disabling being utilized, something that should not be present at this stage of development.
Overall the storage uses json requests and supports/uses the IPFS (InterPlanetary File System). IPFS is an open source project and used for storing and sharing hypermedia in a distributed file system. The storage node not only handles the storage of data, it also responds to some client filter requests.
Conclusion In total Sparkster has produced a limited amount of very basic code, with a team of 14 developers at their disposal. As their announcement suggests that this is the complete code for their cloud platform mainnet, we must assume that the productivity of the team has been quite low over the months since funds were raised, since none of the envisioned features for high performance are yet implemented.
The current repository is not on par with standards for a mainnet release and raises some serious question marks about the intention of the project altogether. The impression is that the team has taken a very basic approach and attempted to use short cuts in order to keep their timelines towards the community, rather than develop something that is actually unique and useful. This is further emphasized by the fact that the Sparkster website and blockchain explorer is built on stock templates. We don’t see any sign of advanced development capability this far.
Based on what we see in this release Sparkster is currently not a platform for ”full scale support to build AI powered apps” as their roadmap suggest and we are puzzled by the progress and lack of provisioning of any type of SDK plugin. The Sparkster team has a lot to work on to even be close to their claims and outlined roadmap.
Note: we have been in contact with the Sparkster team prior to publishing this review, in order to provide opportunity for them to comment on our observations. Their answers are listed below  but doesn’t change our overall conclusions of the current state of Sparkster development.
“We use several open source libraries in our projects. These include OpenDHT, WebSocket++, Boost, and Ed25519. In other places, we’ve clearly listed where code is adapted from in the cases where we’ve borrowed code from other sources. We’ve used borrowed code for things like getting the time from a time server: a procedure that is well documented and for which many working code examples already exist, so it is not necessary for us to reinvent the wheel. However, these cases cover a small portion of our overall code base.
Our alpha net supports one cell, and our public claims are that one cell can support 1,000 TPS. These are claims that we have tested and validated, so the mainnet is in spec. You will see that multi cell support is coming in our next release, as mentioned in our readme. Our method of achieving multi cell support is with a well understood and documented methodology, specifically consistent hashing. However, an optimization opportunity, we’re investiging LSH over CS. This is an optimization that was recommended by a member of our Tech Advisory Board, who is a PHD in Computer Science at the University of Cambridge.
Our code was made straightforward on purpose. Most of its simplicity comes from its modular design: we use a common static library in which we’ve put common functionality, and this library is rightfully called BlockChainCommon.lib. This allows us to abstract away from the individual nodes the inner workings of the core components of our block chain, hence keeping the code in the individual nodes small. This allows for a high level of code reusability. In fact, in some cases this modular design has reduced a node to a main function with a series of data handlers, and that’s all there is to it. It allows us to design a common behavior pattern among nodes: start up OpenDHT, register data handlers using a mapping between the ComandType command and the provided lambda function, call the COMM_PROTOCOL_INIT macro, enter the node’s forever loop. This way, all incoming data packets and command processors are handled by BlockChainCommon, and all nodes behave similarly: wait for a command, act on the command. So while this design gives the impression of basic code, we prefer simplicity over complexity because it allows us to maintain the code and even switch out entire communications protocols within a matter of days should we choose to do so. As far as the Compute Node is concerned, we use V8 to execute the javascript which has a proven track record of being secure, fast and efficient.
We’ve specifically disabled warning 4996 because we are checking for buffer overflows ourselves, and unless we’re in debug mode, we don’t need the compiler to warn about these issues. This also allows our code to be portable, since taking care of a lot of these warnings the way the VCC compiler wants us to will mean using Microsoft-specific functions are portable (other platforms don’t provide safe alternatives with the _s suffix, and even Microsoft warns about this fact here: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/error-messages/compiler-warnings/compiler-warning-level-3-c4996?view=vs-2017.) To quote: “However, the updated names are Microsoft-specific. If you need to use the existing function names for portability reasons, you can turn these warnings off.”
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go-redgirl · 4 years
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How Upbeat Vaccine News Fueled a Stock Surge, and an Uproar
When the biotech company Moderna announced early on Monday morning positive results from a small, preliminary trial of its coronavirus vaccine, the company’s chief medical officer described the news as a “triumphant day for us.”
Moderna’s stock price jumped as much as 30 percent. Its announcement helped lift the stock market and was widely reported by news organizations, including The New York Times.
When the biotech company Moderna announced early on Monday morning positive results from a small, preliminary trial of its coronavirus vaccine, the company’s chief medical officer described the news as a “triumphant day for us.”Moderna’s stock price jumped as much as 30 percent. Its announcement helped lift the stock market and was widely reported by news organizations, including The New York Times.
The Moderna episode is a case study in how the coronavirus pandemic and the desperate hunt for treatments and vaccines are shaking up the financial markets and the way that researchers, regulators, drug companies, biotech investors and journalists do their jobs.
Drug companies accustomed to releasing early data to attract investors and satisfy regulators suddenly find themselves accused of revealing too much, or not enough, by a new, broader audience. Journalists may be scolded for hyping early findings, while those who ignore sketchy data may be blamed for missing the news.
Scientists who take the traditional time to gather and analyze their data for publication in mainstream journals are criticized for sitting on lifesaving information. Upstart websites beat the journals and break the usual rules by publishing unvetted studies, some of dubious quality. And President Trump uses his bully pulpit to promote unproven treatments.
“You have these wild swings, based on incomplete information,” said David Maris, managing director of Phalanx Investment Partners, and a longtime analyst covering the pharmaceutical industry. “It’s a crazy, speculative environment, because the pandemic has caused people to want to believe that there’s going to be a miracle cure in a miracle time frame.”
Moderna’s chairman, Noubar Afeyan, defended the decision to open a stock sale hours after releasing limited data. He said the company’s board had been considering an offering before Monday’s announcement, but finalized the decision only late in the day.
“It was based on our looking at the data and concluding that we needed to have our own resources going into develop this vaccine and not simply wait for government grants,” he said. Moderna has a deal to receive up to $483 million from the U.S. government to pursue a vaccine.
While corporations and scientists are under incredible pressure to develop a vaccine and raise money for research and manufacturing, vaccine companies are also vying for attention from investors amid a crowded field and are seeking to lift their stock prices in a global recession.
Nearly all are trying to compress the timetable for developing vaccines that normally takes years, sometimes decades, into a year or so — and still ensure that the vaccines will be safe and effective.
At the same time, a torrent of information is blasting from medical journals as well as company and university news releases. Articles are posted on so-called preprint websites of studies that have not been peer-reviewed by experts, unlike articles in mainstream medical and science journals. Clinicaltrials.gov, which lists medical studies, showed that 1,673 were underway for Covid-19, the disease caused by the coronavirus, as of May 23.
News outlets are rushing to stay on top of new findings, and to feed a public hungry for any advances in potential treatments or vaccine candidates that hold promise against the highly infectious virus. Some news organizations would prefer to maintain traditional practice and ignore early results of medical studies, waiting for peer-reviewed data but they are also competing to report on the latest studies.
Still, concerns arise routinely about the quality of rapidly posted data and the motivations behind announcements.
“Why does any company release early data?” Mr. Maris asked. “Clearly there is an appetite for it. People want to know that we are making progress. Having a vaccine is the clearest way to a full reopening and putting this behind us.”
Moderna’s preliminary results were promising. Its vaccine, the first to be tested in humans, appeared safe and stimulated antibody production in the first 45 study participants. And of eight who have undergone further testing so far, all produced so-called neutralizing antibodies, which can stop the virus from invading cells, and should prevent illness.
But there were no details — no charts, no graphs, no numbers, nothing published in a journal.
Releasing sparse data is not unusual in the biotech world, where companies often present early trial results months before they are published in journals. Publicly traded companies are required to disclose material information that might lead an investor to buy or sell shares. The company said federal researchers who are conducting the trial would be responsible for submitting the data to be reviewed and published.
Mr. Maris said that he would leave it to regulators to decide if the company had acted inappropriately in not announcing the stock sale sooner, and said that investors should have been told earlier that the company was considering a stock offering. “There’s something wrong with that,” he said.
Moderna, based in Cambridge, Mass., went public in 2018 and has been a favorite of biotech investors, given its focus on the hot area of immuno-oncology and its partnerships with companies like Merck and AstraZeneca, and with the Vaccine Research Center at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.
Its technology, based on genetic material called messenger RNA or mRNA, is considered highly promising.
“Messenger RNA is one of the hot new platforms,” Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the infectious disease institute, said in an interview on Thursday, adding that it can be adapted quickly to produce new vaccines and scaled up easily.
Although Moderna has other vaccines in its pipeline, none have come to market, and the viability of its mRNA vaccine-making platform — the basis of the company — is on the line. It is a front-runner in the coronavirus vaccine race, and its stock has risen more than 250 percent since the beginning of the year. It closed at $69 a share on Friday afternoon, down 26 percent from a high Monday of $87.
Dr. Afeyan acknowledged that companies were now subject to far more intense scrutiny with so much riding on the outcome of drug development.
“People are basically saying, you know, one shouldn’t do this,” Dr. Afeyan said. “And if you don’t put out data, people will say, why are you withholding the data? People are trading without knowing the data. So it’s a tough situation to be doing science in, and we have no choice because we’re trying to develop a vaccine.”
With so many different interests demanding the latest information — including governments around the world — the company couldn’t withhold it from the public, he said. “As a public company, if we have it, we cannot give this to them and hide it from other people.”
Dr. Fauci said that whilecompanies often release partial data, “My own preference, and what my group will do, will be to wait until we get the data solid and then publish it in a paper saying, ‘In the first phase this is what we saw.’”
Still, he considers Moderna’s preliminary results encouraging. The levels of neutralizing antibodies in the eight people tested for them appeared high enough to be protective, Dr. Fauci said. But he emphasized that eight is a small number.
“I have to underscore it’s still limited,” he said, “and that’s the reason why I just withhold my enthusiasm, but I still have some cautious optimism.”
Dr. Fauci said the big question remained: Will the vaccine work?
“When you’re developing a vaccine,” he said, “nothing is guaranteed.”
Moderna is not the only company that has failed to release detailed scientific data. Little has been known about another closely watched product, remdesivir, an experimental treatment for Covid-19 developed by the drugmaker Gilead.
On April 29, Gilead announced that it was “aware of positive data” about remdesivir’s performance in a federal trial. A few hours later, from the Oval Office, Dr. Fauci said the drug could modestly speed recovery in patients. Although he said it was not a “knockout,” Dr. Fauci — his agency ran that trial, too — said the drug could become the standard of care.
A few days afterward, the Food and Drug Administration granted emergency authorization to use remdesivir to treat Covid-19.
Weeks passed with no detailed data about the clinical trial being published, even though doctors were administering the drug with little information to guide them.
“It was a highly conflicted statement from a highly respected and deservedly respected scientist,” said Gary Schwitzer, the publisher of HealthNewsReview.Org, a watchdog publication that argues for more accurate science journalism. “So it brings you back to, what do we believe? Whom do we believe?”
Dr. Fauci said he and his research team decided to report some results when the study was stopped after an independent safety board found that the treated patients were recovering faster than those receiving placebos. For ethical reasons, all patients had to be offered the drug.
The information would likely have leaked out — especially given that, two weeks earlier, information from another remdesivir trial had been disclosed to the news site STAT, sending Gilead’s stock up.
Dr. Fauci announced that patients treated with remdesivir recovered in 11 days, compared with 15 days for those getting placebos.
“That was all the data we had,” he said. The full results were published on Friday in The New England Journal of Medicine.
The fast pace of research has caught many news organizations off guard, prompting case-by-case discussions on tight deadlines to decide whether — and how — to cover scientific news even when the quality of studies wouldn’t normally meet their standards.
Scientific articles normally take months to go through peer review. But now, many papers are being published on preprint servers, where scientists are posting research before it is accepted by a journal. The site medRxiv, which was founded last June, had 10 million views in April and has posted nearly 3,100 papers related to Covid-19 since January. A similar site, bioRxiv, has posted about 760 papers on the virus.
“People recognized that there was an urgent need to disseminate information,” said Dr. Harlan Krumholz, a cardiologist and health care researcher at Yale University, and a co-founder of medRxiv. which is pronounced “med archive.” “People recognized that even weeks matter in this moment when we don’t know very much.”
Asked about criticism that sites like medRxiv encourage the rash publication of bad science, Dr. Krumholz said these conversations were healthy and noted that articles in peer-reviewed journals could also be flawed. Submissions go through basic vetting to ensure the research is legitimate.
“Engage in whether it’s good science or not,” he said. “Let’s engage in the consequences of this.”
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The post How Upbeat Vaccine News Fueled a Stock Surge, and an Uproar appeared first on New York Times.
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shirlleycoyle · 5 years
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Senators Introduce Bill That Would Ban Websites From Using Manipulative Consent Forms
Platforms are very good at encouraging users to sign away the rights to their data. However, a new bill introduced to the US Senate might make certain strategies illegal.
The Deceptive Experiences To Online Users Reduction (DETOUR) Act—introduced by US Senators Mark R. Warner (D-VA) and Deb Fischer (R-NE)—would make certain ways that companies try to manipulate users into giving away their data illegal and punishable by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC).
Per the bill, companies would be banned from manipulating adults into signing away their data, or manipulating children into staying on a platform compulsively. The bill also requires platforms to ensure informed consent from users before green-lighting academic studies.
The legislation follows in the footsteps of the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation, which mandates that companies get informed consent from users before collecting their data. California’s prospective data privacy law, if passed, would also require companies to be more transparent about the types of information they collect from users. But if passed, the DETOUR Act would be federal law, meaning tech companies may have to make widespread changes to their platform in order to comply.
The DETOUR Act would make it illegal to “design, modify, or manipulate a user interface” in order to obscure, subvert, or impair a user’s ability to decide how their data is used. The interface refers to the “style, layout, and text” of a privacy policy. The rigor of default privacy regulations would also be subject to regulation under the DETOUR Act.
In a white paper published in 2017, Sen. Warner cited an earlier version of Facebook’s Messenger app as an example of manipulative interface. An earlier version of the app included bolded text and an arrow pointing to the “OK” button, which would give Facebook access to your contacts. (The current version also included bolded text to give Facebook data access.)
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Image: Warner.senate.gov
The DETOUR Act would also ban features that encourage “compulsive usage” for children under 13 years old. This would directly target platforms like YouTube, which has auto-play for both its regular site and for its child-specific YouTube Kids app. A representative for Common Sense Media told Motherboard in a phone call that the organization provided feedback and input to the authors of the bill.
The law would also apply to “behavioral or psychological experiments or studies,” such as the ones used by Cambridge Analytica in order to sort users by personality type. Per the bill, any such studies have to get informed consent first, and experimenters would need to make routine disclosures to participants and to the public every 90 days.
If enacted, the DETOUR Act would require tech companies to make their own Independent Review Boards, which would be responsible for making sure they comply with the law. The act would also give the FTC one year to make infrastructure to would review tech companies and enforce violations of the law.
Some major tech companies have data use policies that require informed consent for all research—however, historically, that policy has not always been enforced. For instance, Facebook’s Data Use Policy requires informed consent. But experts have claimed that human research subjects found on Facebook don’t always have a full grasp on research risks, nor are they given a penalization-free opt-out option, or a chance to ask questions. Those are all crucial aspects of informed consent.
For instance, a TechCrunch investigation revealed that Facebook’s “Project Atlas” used a research app to give the company access to all the data on users’ phones. In exchange, users would receive $20 per month. The project raised questions of whether Facebook get informed consent from participants, especially minors. (Minors were prompted to get their parents’ permission before downloading the research app, but teens could easily lie to get past prompt.)
The DETOUR Act would not regulate every way that major platforms try to manipulate users into giving away their data.
For instance, consider how notoriously unreadable most privacy policies are. As many scholars have pointed out, privacy policies would take too much time to read for every site you visit, and they’re often written in jargon-heavy legal speak. In other words, it’s basically impossible to give real informed consent—with a true understanding of the risks involved with giving away your data—with the way that privacy policies are written right now.
The DETOUR act wouldn’t be a sweeping solution to unilaterally solve the lack of informed consent on major online platforms, but it would be a step in the right direction.
Senators Introduce Bill That Would Ban Websites From Using Manipulative Consent Forms syndicated from https://triviaqaweb.wordpress.com/feed/
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orchidsheep4-blog · 5 years
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Journal articles and reports on serious games
Originally created by Natasha Boskic
Branston, C. (2006). From game studies to bibliographic gaming: Libraries tap into the video game culture. Bulletin of the American Society for Information Science & Technology, 32(4), 24-29.
Bandura, A. (2002). Selective moral disengagement in the exercise of moral agency. Journal of Moral Education, 31 (2), 101-119.
Baudrillard, J. (1988). Simulacra and simulations. In M. Poster (Ed.), Selected writings (pp.166-184). Stanford; Stanford University Press.
Blunt, R. (2009) ‘Do serious games work? Results from three studies’ eLearn Magazine, December 1.
This article offers evidence of game use effectiveness to academic achievements. The paper presents the results of three quantitative studies conducted at an east coast university with one first-year and two third-year undergraduate classes. The students were divided into a control group (learning without a game use) and an experimental group (learning with a game use). According to the findings and Blunt “at least in some circumstances, the application of serious games significantly increases learning.” [However, learning is not defined except as ‘performance on tests’].
Brown, J. S. (2000). ‘Growing up digital: How the web changes work, education, and the ways people learn’. Change, (March/April), 11-20.
Bronson, P. and Merryman, A. (2009) New Research: $13 Christmas gifts = 13 point gain in kids’ IQ Newsweek, December 10.
According to Dr. Silvia Bunge, a neuroscientist at UC Berkeley, children’s IQ will increase after a number of hours of playing carefully selected games. After 20 hours of game playing, Dr. Bunge and her team was able to determine an increase in children’s IQ. They tested kids’ reasoning abilities and their processing speed. The positive results encouraged the neuroscientists to broaden their research and look for more school participants. Newsweek blog published an article about the Bunge Lab’s study on reasoning training in local schools and their results at http://www.blog.newsweek.com/blogs/nurtureshock/archive/2009/12/10.aspx [Note: the urls are now dead – if there is another url for this, please let me know]
de Castell, S., Jenson, J., & Taylor, N. (2007). Digital games for education: When meanings play. Situated Play, DiGRA Conference, Tokyo, Japan. 590-599.
de Freitas, S., & Griffiths, M. (2008). ‘The convergence of gaming practices with other media forms: What potential for learning? A review of the literature’. Learning, Media, & Technology, 33(1), 11-20.
DiSalvo, B., Crowley, K., & Norwood, R. (2008). Learning in context: Digital games and young black men. Games and Culture, 3(2), 131-141.
Duperray, C. (2009) Combating Yellow Fever: A Serious Game eLearning Africa, No.4, March 12[Note: the url is now dead – if there is another url for this, please let me know]
The World Health Organization (WHO) in collaboration with the Agence de Médecine Préventive (AMP) have developed an immersive distance training tool using serious gaming, which is now available for physicians all across Africa. The CD-ROM offers the chance to play the role of the District Medical Officer, the epidemiologist or the virologist, and thus be an actor in an epidemiological investigation.
Eskelinen, M. (2001). The gaming situation. Game Studies, 1(1)
Flanagan, M. (2006). Making games for social change. AI & Society, 20(4), 493-505.
Hayles, N. K. (2007). Hyper and deep attention: The generational divide in cognitive modes. Profession, 187-199.
Helm, B. (2005). Educational games crank up the fun. BusinessWeek, August 23, 2005. [Note: the url is now dead – if there is another url for this, please let me know]
Jagodzinski, J. (2007). Videogame cybersubjects: Questioning the myths of violence and identification (implications for educational technologies). The Alberta Journal of Educational Research, 53(1), 45-62.
Juul, J. (2008b). The magic circle and the puzzle piece. Paper presented at the Philosophy of Computer Games, Potsdam, Germany. 056-067. 
Juul, J. (2008c). Who made the magic circle? Seeking the solvable part of the game-player problem The Philosophy of Computer Games, 2008.Potsdam, Germany. (Audio recording). 
Kafai, Y. B. (2006). Playing and making games for learning: Instructionist and constructionist perspectives for game studies. Games and Culture, 1(1), 36-40.
Klopfer, E. et al. (2009) Moving educational games forward Cambridge MA: MIT The Education Arcade. A useful introduction to some of the issues around educational gaming.
Kupperman, J., Stanzler, J., Fahy, M., & Hapgood, S. (2007). Games, school and the benefits of inefficiency. The International Journal of Learning, 13(9), 161-168.
Murray, J. H. (2006). Toward a cultural theory of gaming: Digital games and the co-evolution of media, mind, and culture. Popular Communication, 4(3), 185-202.
My Thai, A. et al. (2009) Game Changer New York: Joan Ganz Cooney Center Sesame Workshop
Pivec, M. (2007). Play and learn: Potentials of game-based learning. British Journal of Educational Technology, 38(3), 387-393.
Rice, J. (2010). New 3D Learning Book by Karl Kapp. Educational Games Research: Research and discussion concerning instructional video games. February 8, 2010.
Ryan, M. L. (2005). Narrative and the split condition of digital textuality. Dichtung-Digital, 1
Sauvé, L. (2010) Dr Louise Sauvé, the Society for Lifelong Learning and“1,2,3 Asthma” e-Learning Africa 2010 News Portal, March 31.
An interview with Dr. Fauvé about ‘1,2,3 Asthma’, a variation of Parcheesi, an ancient Indian game of crosses and circles. Each team advances to move its four virtual counters around the board. To earn points along the way, you need to answer a number of questions about asthma, how to prevent it, control it and about what triggers the attacks. Questions vary in difficulty. Video and sound clips offer additional information and widen the players’ knowledge of asthma, which affects 300 million people worldwide. Dr. Fauvé is President and General Director of SAVIE, the Society for Lifelong Learning, based in Québec
Wardrip-Fruin, N. (2005). Playable media and textual instruments. Dichtung-Digital, 1. 
Zagal, J. P., & Bruckman, A. (2008). Novices, gamers, and scholars: Exploring the challenges of teaching about games. Game Studies, 8(2). 
Source: https://www.tonybates.ca/2018/08/02/journal-articles-and-reports-on-serious-games/
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savetopnow · 6 years
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2018-03-18 09 LINUX now
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instantdeerlover · 4 years
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The Boston Lobster Roll Delivery & Takeout Guide (1) added to Google Docs
The Boston Lobster Roll Delivery & Takeout Guide (1)
Anytime our weather app calls for a day above 60 degrees, we immediately start craving a lobster roll. That’s either a Pavlovian response triggered by the lifelong propaganda schemes of the New England Association of Lobstermen (previously known as the Society for Prison Wardens), or inherent nostalgia for summer nights on the Cape. We haven’t figured out which one it is yet, but we have figured out 21 spots where you can get lobster rolls right now.
All restaurants featured on The Infatuation are selected by our editorial team. The Boston Lobster Roll Delivery & Takeout Guide is presented by Uber Eats. In the wake of the coronavirus pandemic, supporting our local restaurant community has never been more important. Uber Eats is offering $0 Delivery Fee for delivery orders from independent restaurants directly in the app. Order now to support. See app for details.
   Featured In The Ultimate Boston Delivery & Takeout Guide See all our guides The Spots  Emily Schindler Saltie Girl $ $ $ $ Seafood  in  Back Bay $$$$ 281 Dartmouth St.
In Moonrise Kingdom, when Sam and Suzy finally reach their safe place, away from the harsh realities of the world, they shed some clothes and do a carefree dance. That’s pretty much what happens with us after we have a Saltie Girl lobster roll. It’s good on its own, but when paired with the homemade salt and vinegar chips, the immediacy of pantsless hip circles is truly shocking. They’re open at 11am on weekdays and 10am on the weekends - check their website for details on how to order.
 Emily Hagen Row 34 $ $ $ $ Seafood  in  Fort Point ,  Seaport District $$$$ 383 Congress St
Row 34’s lobster rolls are usually of the hot butter variety, but since they’ve got a new takeout window, they’ve also added a new cold lobster roll as well. Pre-orders can be placed on their website for pick up after 4pm, Thurs-Sun.
 Emily Schindler Belle Isle Seafood $ $ $ $ Seafood  in  Winthrop $$$$ 1 Main St
Belle Isle Seafood is a little out of the way, and even during these times they still only take cash. But if you can get past all that, you’ll be able to get both a great view of the city skyline and a lobster roll that’s larger than the Prudential Tower. While that second part might only be true thanks to perspective - a friend we all need right now - it’s not that much of an exaggeration. Their rolls are topped with so much lobster meat that you almost forget about the nicely toasted bun, but on our list of things to complain about, that definitely isn’t one of them.
 Tina Picz Summer Shack Cambridge $$$$ 149 Alewife Brook Pkwy
We’re not sure what it takes to be nominated for a “Best New Restaurant” award on the national level - as Summer Shack was in 2000 - but serving a great lobster roll must be a baseline requirement. The one at Summer Shack comes with cucumber, something we didn’t think we needed, but actually, really enjoy - just like bourbon in our Negronis. Visit their website to place a takeout order. Delivery is also available on Uber Eats.
Sorry—looks like you screwed up that email address
INFATUATION NEWSLETTER Get our newest guides & reviews first,
plus more restaurant intel you won't find anywhere else. ATL ATX BOS CHI LDN LA MIA NYC PHL SF SEA DC Subscribe Smart move. Excellent information will arrive in your inbox soon. Do you have friends and family who also eat food? Enter their emails below and we’ll make sure they’re eating well. (Don’t worry, we won’t subscribe them to our newsletter - they can do that themselves.) Help Your Friends No Thanks Well done. You’re a good person. All good. We still like you. Want to quickly find restaurants on the go? Download The Infatuation app.   Avenue Kitchen + Bar $$$$ 158 Boston Ave
Avenue is offering two lobster rolls and a side for $24, which is a pretty good deal even if the lobster rolls are significantly smaller than the ones at Belle Isle Seafood. But then again, so is every other lobster roll on this list. Order takeout or delivery on their website from 4-9pm.
 Tina Picz Lobstah On A Roll $ $ $ $ Seafood  in  South End $$$$ 537 Columbus Ave
Anytime we say “Lobstah On A Roll” out loud, we feel like we’re either in a t-shirt shop on the Freedom Trail or a John Krasinki commercial. It’s a strange name - we wouldn’t call our imaginary athleisure company “Tights On Legs” - but at least they serve some decent lobster rolls. You even get to decide how much lobster meat you want on your toasted brioche bun, which is a nice touch. Delivery is available on a host of different platforms.
 Order delivery  The Barking Crab $ $ $ $ Seafood  in  Seaport District $$$$ 88 Sleeper St
Ah yes, the barking crab, the squealing lobster - both sweet sounds that signal seafood is being prepared for our enjoyment. Before any animal lovers get upset, we just want to set the record straight - we love dogs, some cats, and all crustaceans, but it just so happens that we prefer the latter in cooked form. Lobster rolls to go are available every day.
 Tina Picz Alive & Kicking Lobsters $ $ $ $ Seafood  in  Cambridge $$$$ 269 Putnam Ave
OK, so Alive & Kicking doesn’t exactly sell lobster rolls. They sell lobster sandwiches, and you should get one - unless you’re a purist who also believes that the world would be a better place without the hot buttered version of lobster rolls (cue lengthy exposé). While you’re certainly entitled to your opinions, we’re of the belief that the more types of lobster-on-bread forms there are, the better.
North Street Grille $$$$ 229 North St
While we’re on the philosophical debate of what the essence of a lobster roll is, we might as well add some more fuel to the fire. North Street Grille is primarily a brunch spot, and they also serve lobster sandwiches. It’s lobster and mayo on a burger bun - is that substantially different from the two pieces of white bread at Alive & Kicking? What if you substitute the burger bun for an English muffin, or two waffles? Are those lobster rolls? This is all getting too complicated - just order the sandwich.
 Emily Schindler Eventide $ $ $ $ Seafood  in  Fenway $$$$ 1321 Boylston St
Brown butter lobster on a steamed bao - seven words that may signal that there’s a glitch in the New England matrix. The Fenway branch of this popular Maine restaurant is back open, and the lobster rolls are available for takeout and delivery. If a simulation can taste this good, we may not want to go back to reality.
 Order delivery   Tina Picz Yankee Lobster $ $ $ $ Seafood  in  Seaport District $$$$ 300 Northern Ave
Perhaps you’re someone who has a psychological allergy to mayo. That’s unfortunate, and we highly recommend condiment therapy, but in the meantime, there’s still Yankee Lobster. They not only have a hot butter lobster roll but a fried lobster version as well.
 Order delivery   Tina Picz Pauli's $ $ $ $ Sandwiches  in  North End $$$$ 65 Salem St
The North End aims to fulfill the needs of every tourist, from cello tunes to cobblestone streets to overpriced pastas, so it only makes sense that there’s a lobster roll spot there too. Pauli’s has gigantic lobster rolls with an outrageous amount of meat, so much so that a certain celebrity chef with bad hair and a questionable goatee gave it the two thumbs up. Place an order on their website.
 Order delivery  Luke's Lobster $$$$ 75 Exeter St.
Luke’s Lobster in Back Bay is currently open for takeout and delivery, and for $65 you can get a family pack of four lobster rolls with some chips and slaw, making it one of the more affordable options on this list. Visit their website to place your order.
 Tina Picz James Hook & Company $ $ $ $ Seafood  in  Downtown $$$$ 440 Atlantic Ave
In the alternative, New England version of Hook, Peter Pan would’ve been taken to a tribe of Lost Fishermen who chanted “Lobster Roll! Lobster Roll!” anytime their well-seasoned leader showed up. That version never made it past the drawing board, but there’s no reason not to practice the chant anyway as you wait for a mayo-heavy roll from James Hook & Company.
 Order delivery  Select Oyster Bar $ $ $ $ Seafood  in  Back Bay $$$$ 50 Gloucester St
Select is now back to its seafood ways, offering a variety of different options both for dine-in and takeout. Of course, that includes the hot and cold lobster roll as well. It’s a little pricey at $40 each, but hey, you’re dining in Back Bay in the 21st century, where inflation is certainly a tangible concept.
 Tina Picz Bennett's Sandwich Shop $ $ $ $ Sandwiches  in  Fenway $$$$ 84 Peterborough St
Too often in life, the world forces you to choose sides - Democrat or Republican, Harvard or Yale, Jim or Dwight. Bennett’s seems to like the idea of bipartisan agreements, dousing their lobster rolls with both drawn butter and mayo. It really tastes more like a mayo roll, but the butter does come through, just like Jim’s pranks. Visit their website for takeout and delivery orders.
 Order delivery   Joel Ang Bondir $ $ $ $ American ,  Experimental  in  Cambridge ,  The Port $$$$ 279A Broadway
When a farm-to-table spot that normally serves things like smoked green tomatoes and goat milk gelato with green strawberry meringue starts selling lobster rolls, you would probably guess that they would take things in a different direction - and you’re right. There’s no liquified tarragon or powdered mayo on Bondir’s version, but the lobster is dressed with herby ramp mayo and sits on top of a marbled brioche stolen from the set of Charlie and The Chocolate Factory. Get your golden ticket lobster roll by pre-ordering on their website.
Olde Magoun's Saloon $$$$ 518 Medford St
We don’t remember the last time we saw a lobster roll on the menu at an Irish pub. Then again, we also can’t recall when Twitter became a news channel, but here we are. Olde Magoun’s in Somerville, a spot more well-known for burgers, is offering a lobster roll for $18. No word on how long that will last, or when people will realize 280 words isn’t quite sufficient.
 Natalie Schaefer Neptune Oyster $ $ $ $ Seafood  in  North End $$$$ 63 Salem St
Going to Neptune Oyster and just getting the lobster roll is like buying a Ferrari and only driving it downtown. At least that’s what we imagine it’s like, since we’ve never bought a Ferrari before. What we do know is that the lobster roll at Neptune is our favorite, and that you also don’t want to miss out on the rest of the excellent menu here. Maybe it’s best to think of the lobster roll as an appetizer to a truly fantastic meal, available every day for takeout.
 Joel Ang The Red House Restaurant $ $ $ $ American ,  Seafood  in  Cambridge ,  Harvard Square $$$$ 98 Winthrop St
This summer, you might actually be able to enjoy a leisurely stroll around Harvard without being run over by a tour group or students who don’t believe in bike rules. And once you’ve had enough of that, head over to The Red House. They’ve set up a summer shack, complete with fish and chips, burgers, and, naturally, lobster rolls. There are even some interesting takes on the classic roll, like the one topped with Sriracha and fried avocados, or the one with hollandaise-dressed lobster. Delivery is available too on Uber Eats.
 Order delivery   Brian Samuels Cusser’s Roast Beef & Seafood $ $ $ $ Seafood ,  Sandwiches  in  Back Bay $$$$ 304 Stuart St
The thought of a takeout window in Back Bay conjures up an image of hedge fund managers grabbing designer bags behind the Four Seasons Hotel. Or maybe that was a scene from The Town. Either way, Cusser’s is serving some slightly more affordable options at their takeout window, including hot or cold lobster rolls for $25.
via The Infatuation Feed https://www.theinfatuation.com/boston/guides/lobster-roll-delivery-takeout-boston Nhà hàng Hương Sen chuyên buffet hải sản cao cấp✅ Tổ chức tiệc cưới✅ Hội nghị, hội thảo✅ Tiệc lưu động✅ Sự kiện mang tầm cỡ quốc gia 52 Phố Miếu Đầm, Mễ Trì, Nam Từ Liêm, Hà Nội http://huongsen.vn/ 0904988999 http://huongsen.vn/to-chuc-tiec-hoi-nghi/ https://trello.com/userhuongsen
Created August 5, 2020 at 10:42PM /huong sen View Google Doc Nhà hàng Hương Sen chuyên buffet hải sản cao cấp✅ Tổ chức tiệc cưới✅ Hội nghị, hội thảo✅ Tiệc lưu động✅ Sự kiện mang tầm cỡ quốc gia 52 Phố Miếu Đầm, Mễ Trì, Nam Từ Liêm, Hà Nội http://huongsen.vn/ 0904988999 http://huongsen.vn/to-chuc-tiec-hoi-nghi/ https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1xa6sRugRZk4MDSyctcqusGYBv1lXYkrF
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mrhotmaster · 4 years
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Facebook Will Now Include Results From Wikipedia In Search Results The data panels on this subject are available on the right side of the Facebook search tab. Facebook is including Wikipedia-controlled information box the stage that shows data about open figures, places, and interests — like films and TV appears. With this turn of events, the online life goliath plans to keep their clients inside its foundation when they're searching for data about subjects that they would regularly go to Google or Wikipedia to discover. Facebook has affirmed to a distribution that the component is an "experimental run program" that is accessible for work area, versatile Web, and iOS. The information box includes is like Google's Knowlege Panel which shows data about the specific point, close to the item. How Does The Information Box Highlight On Facebook Work? The element works with the customary hunt bar on Facebook, accessible at the highest point of the screen. For example, in the event that you search for Narendra Modi in the pursuit bar, Facebook will show a little information box (or board) on the correct side with data accumulated from Wikipedia - like Google's Knowledge Panel present at the correct side of the inquiry page. The case additionally contains connections to the theme's (for this situation Narendra Modi) Facebook and Instagram page alongside "likewise observe" joins. As Facebook is as yet testing this component, we may see the expansion of more data to the information board, for example, related books, official sites, etc, when it is redesigned. The new hunt highlight by Facebook was affirmed to TechCrunch and was first announced by SocialMediaToday. It is supposed to be a test case program along these lines, it is likely numerous clients will most likely be unable to see the data board yet. Constraints Of The Facebook Information Box Include Right now, Facebook shows the information board of essentially singular characters rather than interests, for example, motion pictures and music. For example, Facebook shows the information board of the film, Joker however doesn't show results for the film, Parasite that won different Oscar grants that year. Additionally, the stage is at present depending on Wikipedia in this way, the wellspring of data is likewise constrained. The organization's rival Google, for example, shows data such as authority site connect, open profile connections, for example, LinkedIn, YouTube, Twitter, etc. Furthermore, data about well-known points is likewise constrained. For instance, on the off chance that you search COVID-19, Facebook will show its own data center point though Google gives huge indexed lists about a similar subject. The hunt includes likewise doesn't work with dialects other than English. In What Capacity Will the Facebook include advantage clients? First of all, clients on Facebook won't be required to change the stage to accumulate verifiable data about a point. Introducing data in the sidebar could likewise help Facebook check the spread of deception on its foundation to a limited degree. With the information board highlight, Facebook will likewise attempt to make up for itself after it hindered the entrance to a diagram in the midst of the Cambridge Analytica outrage. The diagram search permitted clients to discover Facebook posts about different subjects.  For Regular & Fastest Tech News and Reviews, Follow TECHNOXMART on Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, Google News and Subscribe Here Now. By Subscribing You Will Get Our Daily Digest Headlines Every Morning Directly In Your Email Inbox.             【Join Our Whatsapp Group Here】
http://www.technoxmart.com/2020/06/facebook-include-results-wikipedia.html
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crypto code review
Sparkster has finally opened its code repositories to the public, and as the project has been somewhat in the centre of discussion in the crypto community, as well as marketed by one of the high profile crypto influencers, we have been quite curious to see the result of their efforts.
The fundamental idea of the project is to provide a high-throughput decentralized cloud computing platform, with software developer kit (SDK) on top with no requirement for programming expertise (coding is supposed to be done in plain English). The idea of plain English coding is far from new and has been emerging more than a few times over the years, but never gotten any widespread traction. The reason in our opinion is that professional developers are not drawn to simplified drag & drop plain language programming interfaces, and non-developers (which is one of the potential target groups for Sparkster) are, well, most probably just not interested in software development altogether.
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However the focus of this article is not to scrutinize the use case scenarios suggested by Sparkster (which do raise some question marks) but rather to take a deep look into the code they have produced. With a team counting 14 software developers and quite a bit of runway passed since their ICO in July 2018, our expectations are high.
Non-technical readers are advised to skip to the end for conclusions.
crypto code review Sparkster initially published four public repositories in their github (of which one (Sparkster) was empty). We noticed a lack of commit history which we assume is due to a transfer of the repos from a private development environment into github. Three of the above repositories were later combined into a single one containing subfolders for each system element.
The first impression from browsing the repositories is decent after recent cleanups by the team. Readme has been added to the main repository with information on the system itself and installation instructions (Windows x64 only, no Linux build is available yet)
However, we see no copyright notes anywhere in the code developed by Sparkster, which is quite unusual for an open source project released to the public.
Below is a walk-thru of the three relevant folders containing main system components under the Decentralized-Cloud repository and a summary of our impression.
Master-Node folder The source code is written in C++. Everything we see is very basic. In total there are is not a lot of unique code (we expected much more given the development time spent) and a lot of the recently added code is GNU/forks from other projects (all according to the copyright notes for these parts).
An interesting part is, that if this master node spawned the compute node for this transaction, the master node will request the compute node to commit the transaction. The master nodes takes the control over more or less all communication to stakeholders such as clients.  The master node will send a transaction to 20 other master nodes.
The lock mechanism during voting is standard: nodes booting in the middle of voting are locked and cannot participate to avoid incorrect results.
We cannot see anything in the code that differentiates the node and makes it special in any way, i.e. this is blockchain 101.
Compute-Node folder All source files sum up to a very limited amount of code. As the master node takes over a lot of control, the compute node focuses on the real work. A minimalistic code is generally recommended in a concept like this, but this is far less than expected.
We found the “gossip” to 21 master nodes before the memory gets erased and the compute node falls back to listen mode.
The concept of 21 master nodes is defined in the block producer. Every hour a new set of 21 master nodes become the master node m21.
“At any given point in time, 21 Master Nodes will exist that facilitate consensus on transactions and blocks; we will call these master nodes m21. The nodes in m21 are selected every hour through an automated voting process”
(Source: https://github.com/sparkster-me/Decentralized-Cloud)
The compute node is somewhat the heart of the project but is yet again standard without any features giving it high performance capability.
Storage-Node folder The source code is again very basic. Apart from this, the code is still at an experimental stage with e.g. buffer overflow disabling being utilized, something that should not be present at this stage of development.
Overall the storage uses json requests and supports/uses the IPFS (InterPlanetary File System). IPFS is an open source project and used for storing and sharing hypermedia in a distributed file system. The storage node not only handles the storage of data, it also responds to some client filter requests.
Conclusion In total Sparkster has produced a limited amount of very basic code, with a team of 14 developers at their disposal. As their announcement suggests that this is the complete code for their cloud platform mainnet, we must assume that the productivity of the team has been quite low over the months since funds were raised, since none of the envisioned features for high performance are yet implemented.
The current repository is not on par with standards for a mainnet release and raises some serious question marks about the intention of the project altogether. The impression is that the team has taken a very basic approach and attempted to use short cuts in order to keep their timelines towards the community, rather than develop something that is actually unique and useful. This is further emphasized by the fact that the Sparkster website and blockchain explorer is built on stock templates. We don’t see any sign of advanced development capability this far.
Based on what we see in this release Sparkster is currently not a platform for ”full scale support to build AI powered apps” as their roadmap suggest and we are puzzled by the progress and lack of provisioning of any type of SDK plugin. The Sparkster team has a lot to work on to even be close to their claims and outlined roadmap.
Note: we have been in contact with the Sparkster team prior to publishing this review, in order to provide opportunity for them to comment on our observations. Their answers are listed below  but doesn’t change our overall conclusions of the current state of Sparkster development.
“We use several open source libraries in our projects. These include OpenDHT, WebSocket++, Boost, and Ed25519. In other places, we’ve clearly listed where code is adapted from in the cases where we’ve borrowed code from other sources. We’ve used borrowed code for things like getting the time from a time server: a procedure that is well documented and for which many working code examples already exist, so it is not necessary for us to reinvent the wheel. However, these cases cover a small portion of our overall code base.
Our alpha net supports one cell, and our public claims are that one cell can support 1,000 TPS. These are claims that we have tested and validated, so the mainnet is in spec. You will see that multi cell support is coming in our next release, as mentioned in our readme. Our method of achieving multi cell support is with a well understood and documented methodology, specifically consistent hashing. However, an optimization opportunity, we’re investiging LSH over CS. This is an optimization that was recommended by a member of our Tech Advisory Board, who is a PHD in Computer Science at the University of Cambridge.
Our code was made straightforward on purpose. Most of its simplicity comes from its modular design: we use a common static library in which we’ve put common functionality, and this library is rightfully called BlockChainCommon.lib. This allows us to abstract away from the individual nodes the inner workings of the core components of our block chain, hence keeping the code in the individual nodes small. This allows for a high level of code reusability. In fact, in some cases this modular design has reduced a node to a main function with a series of data handlers, and that’s all there is to it. It allows us to design a common behavior pattern among nodes: start up OpenDHT, register data handlers using a mapping between the ComandType command and the provided lambda function, call the COMM_PROTOCOL_INIT macro, enter the node’s forever loop. This way, all incoming data packets and command processors are handled by BlockChainCommon, and all nodes behave similarly: wait for a command, act on the command. So while this design gives the impression of basic code, we prefer simplicity over complexity because it allows us to maintain the code and even switch out entire communications protocols within a matter of days should we choose to do so. As far as the Compute Node is concerned, we use V8 to execute the javascript which has a proven track record of being secure, fast and efficient.
We’ve specifically disabled warning 4996 because we are checking for buffer overflows ourselves, and unless we’re in debug mode, we don’t need the compiler to warn about these issues. This also allows our code to be portable, since taking care of a lot of these warnings the way the VCC compiler wants us to will mean using Microsoft-specific functions are portable (other platforms don’t provide safe alternatives with the _s suffix, and even Microsoft warns about this fact here: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/error-messages/compiler-warnings/compiler-warning-level-3-c4996?view=vs-2017.) To quote: “However, the updated names are Microsoft-specific. If you need to use the existing function names for portability reasons, you can turn these warnings off.”
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dailykhaleej · 4 years
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How upbeat vaccine news fuelled a stock surge, and an uproar
Moderna headquarters in Cambridge, Massachusetts. US biotech agency Moderna on Could 18, 2020 reported “positive interim” leads to the primary medical checks of its vaccine towards the brand new coronavirus. stock value jumped as a lot as 30 per cent. Its announcement helped elevate the stock market. Picture Credit score: AFP
New York: When biotech firm Moderna introduced final week constructive outcomes from a small, preliminary trial of its coronavirus vaccine, the corporate’s chief medical officer described the news as a “triumphant day for us.”
Moderna’s stock value jumped as a lot as 30 per cent. Its announcement helped elevate the stock market and was broadly reported by news organisations, together with The New York Instances.
9 hours after its preliminary news launch — and after the markets closed — the corporate introduced a stock providing with the purpose of elevating greater than $1 billion to assist bankroll vaccine improvement. That providing had not been talked about in Moderna’s briefings of traders and journalists that morning, and the corporate chairman later stated it was selected solely that afternoon.
By Tuesday, a backlash was underway. The corporate had not launched any extra information, so scientists couldn’t consider its declare. The federal government company main the trial, the Nationwide Institute of Allergy and Infectious Illnesses, had made no touch upon the outcomes. And the stock sale stirred considerations about whether or not the corporate had sought to jack up the value of its stock providing with the news.
The Moderna episode is a case research in how the coronavirus pandemic and the determined hunt for remedies and vaccines are shaking up the monetary markets and the way in which that researchers, regulators, drug corporations, biotech traders and journalists do their jobs.
Drug corporations accustomed to releasing early information to draw traders and fulfill regulators all of the sudden discover themselves accused of unveiling an excessive amount of, or not sufficient, by a new, broader viewers. Journalists could also be scolded for hyping early findings, whereas those that ignore sketchy information could also be blamed for lacking the news.
Scientists who take the standard time to collect and analyse their information for publication in mainstream journals are criticised for sitting on life-saving data. Upstart web sites beat the journals and break the standard guidelines by publishing unvetted research, a few of doubtful high quality. And President Donald Trump makes use of his bully pulpit to advertise unproven remedies.
“You have these wild swings based on incomplete information,” stated David Maris, managing director of Phalanx Funding Companions and a longtime analyst masking the pharmaceutical business. “It’s a crazy, speculative environment because the pandemic has caused people to want to believe that there’s going to be a miracle cure in a miracle time frame.”
Moderna’s chairman, Noubar Afeyan, defended the choice to open a stock sale hours after releasing restricted information. He stated the corporate’s board had been contemplating an providing earlier than Monday’s announcement however finalised the choice solely late within the day.
On the similar time, a torrent of knowledge is blasting from medical journals in addition to firm and college news releases. Articles are posted on so-called preprint web sites of research that haven’t been peer-reviewed by consultants, not like articles in mainstream medical and science journals. Clinicaltrials.gov, which lists medical research, confirmed that 1,673 have been underway for Covid-19, the illness attributable to the coronavirus, as of Could 23.
News retailers are speeding to remain on prime of latest findings and feed a public hungry for any advances in potential remedies or vaccine candidates that maintain promise towards the extremely infectious virus. Some news organisations would favor to keep up conventional apply and ignore early outcomes of medical research, ready for peer-reviewed information, however they’re additionally competing to report on the newest research.
Nonetheless, considerations come up routinely concerning the high quality of quickly posted information and the motivations behind bulletins.
Releasing sparse information just isn’t uncommon within the biotech world, the place corporations typically current early trial outcomes months earlier than they’re printed in journals. Publicly traded corporations are required to reveal materials data which may lead an investor to purchase or promote shares. The corporate stated federal researchers who’re conducting the trial can be accountable for submitting the information to be reviewed and printed.
Maris stated that he would depart it to regulators to resolve if the corporate had acted inappropriately in not saying the stock sale sooner and added that traders ought to have been instructed earlier that the corporate was contemplating a stock providing.
“There’s something wrong with that,” he stated.
Moderna, based mostly in Cambridge, Massachusetts, went public in 2018 and has been a favorite of biotech traders, given its give attention to the recent space of immuno-oncology and its partnerships with corporations like Merck and AstraZeneca, and with the Vaccine Analysis Centre on the Nationwide Institute of Allergy and Infectious Illnesses.
Its know-how, based mostly on genetic materials referred to as messenger RNA, or mRNA, is taken into account extremely promising.
“Messenger RNA is one of the hot new platforms,” Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the infectious illness institute, stated in an interview Thursday, including that it may be tailored rapidly to supply new vaccines and scaled up simply.
Though Moderna has different vaccines in its pipeline, none have come to market, and the viability of its mRNA vaccine-making platform — the premise of the corporate — is on the road. It’s a front-runner within the coronavirus vaccine race, and its stock has risen greater than 250 per cent for the reason that starting of the 12 months. It closed at $69 a share Friday afternoon, down 26 per cent from a excessive Monday of $87.
Moderna just isn’t the one firm that has didn’t launch detailed scientific information. Little has been identified about one other carefully watched product, remdesivir, an experimental therapy for Covid-19 developed by drugmaker Gilead.
On April 29, Gilead introduced that it was “aware of positive data” about remdesivir’s efficiency in a federal trial. A number of hours later, from the Oval Workplace, Fauci stated the drug may modestly pace restoration in sufferers. Though he stated it was not a “knockout,” Fauci — his company ran that trial, too — stated the drug may turn into the usual of care.
A number of days afterward, the Meals and Drug Administration granted emergency authorisation to make use of remdesivir to deal with Covid-19.
Weeks handed with no detailed information concerning the medical trial being printed, regardless that docs have been administering the drug with little data to information them.
“It was a highly conflicted statement from a highly respected and deservedly respected scientist,” stated Gary Schwitzer, writer of HealthNewsReview. Org, a watchdog publication that argues for extra correct science journalism. “So it brings you back to, what do we believe? Whom do we believe?”
Fauci stated he and his analysis group determined to report some outcomes when the research was stopped after an impartial security board discovered that the handled sufferers have been recovering sooner than these receiving placebos. For moral causes, all sufferers needed to be supplied the drug.
The data would seemingly have leaked out — particularly on condition that, two weeks earlier, data from one other remdesivir trial had been disclosed to the news web site STAT, sending Gilead’s stock up.
Fauci introduced that sufferers handled with remdesivir recovered in 11 days, in contrast with 15 days for these getting placebos.
“That was all the data we had,” he stated.
The total outcomes have been printed Friday in The New England Journal of Medication.
The quick tempo of analysis has caught many news organisations off guard, prompting case-by-case discussions on tight deadlines to resolve whether or not — and how — to cowl scientific news even when the standard of research wouldn’t usually meet their requirements.
Scientific articles usually take months to undergo peer assessment. However now, many papers are being printed on preprint servers, the place scientists are posting analysis earlier than it’s accepted by a journal. The location medRxiv, which was based in June, had 10 million views in April and has posted practically 3,100 papers associated to Covid-19 since January. The same web site, bioRxiv, has posted about 760 papers on the virus.
“People recognised that there was an urgent need to disseminate information,” stated Dr. Harlan Krumholz, a heart specialist and well being care researcher at Yale College and a co-founder of medRxiv, which is pronounced “med archive.” “People recognised that even weeks matter in this moment when we don’t know very much.”
Requested about criticism that websites like medRxiv encourage the rash publication of dangerous science, Krumholz stated these conversations have been wholesome and famous that articles in peer-reviewed journals is also flawed. Submissions undergo fundamental vetting to make sure the analysis is official.
“Engage in whether it’s good science or not,” he stated. “Let’s engage in the consequences of this.”
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