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allthingsdarkanddirty · 8 days

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NEW RELEASE

We are excited to celebrate THE BILLIONAIRE AND THE RUNAWAY by S.E. Rose is LIVE!

#1clickhere https://books2read.com/u/4jBp0Z

A wealthy college graduate who needs to escape her boring life. A small-town farmer who needs some help. And a job offer that will change everything.

Ariana Titan hates her life. She has everything but doesn't want any of it. Her wealthy father controls every aspect of her days. Her apartment is starting to feel like a prison cell. She longs to run away to the countryside like in the movies she watches at night. When her father's girlfriend mentions a job posting for a social media marketing manager at a small town farm, she decides to apply…in person. She maybe fails to tell her father exactly where she's gone.

Eric Windsor's farm needs a marketing makeover. He knows business but social media and online marketing are not his strong suits. He needs help and he needs it yesterday. When a young woman shows up at his property with a mile-long list of references and an impressive degree from a fancy university, he hires her on the spot. He soon figures out that his new employee is not only a fish out of water in his coastal town, but she also has the uncanny ability to bring a smile to his face, something that hasn't happened in a long time.

Can Ariana stay afloat while grappling with her past amid a sea of marketing chaos, her overbearing father, and her new overprotective boss? While she fights to swim instead of sink, one burning question remains in her mind: will her mysterious farmer employer be part of her future?

#serose #smalltownromance #romcom #oppositesattract #billionaireromance #newbookalert #mustread #wildfiremarketingsolutions

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booklovingpixies · 8 days

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RELEASE BLAST - The Billionaire and the Runaway (Once Upon a Billionaire Rom-Com Series #3) by S.E. Rose

THE BILLIONAIRE AND THE RUNAWAY Once Upon a Billionaire Rom-Com Series #3 S.E. Rose Release Date: April 18 A wealthy college graduate who needs to escape her boring life. A small-town farmer who needs some help. And a job offer that will change everything. Ariana Titan hates her life. She has everything but doesn’t want any of it. Her wealthy father controls every aspect of her days. Her…

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#SERose #@WildfireMarket1

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moohnshinescorner · 9 days

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THE BILLIONAIRE AND THE RUNAWAY

S.E. Rose Release Date: April 18

A wealthy college graduate who needs to escape her boring life. A small-town farmer who needs some help. And a job offer that will change everything. Ariana Titan hates her life. She has everything but doesn't want any of it. Her wealthy father controls every aspect of her days. Her apartment is starting to feel like a prison cell. She longs to run away to the countryside like in the movies she watches at night. When her father's girlfriend mentions a job posting for a social media marketing manager at a small town farm, she decides to apply…in person. She maybe fails to tell her father exactly where she's gone. Eric Windsor's farm needs a marketing makeover. He knows business but social media and online marketing are not his strong suits. He needs help and he needs it yesterday. When a young woman shows up at his property with a mile-long list of references and an impressive degree from a fancy university, he hires her on the spot. He soon figures out that his new employee is not only a fish out of water in his coastal town, but she also has the uncanny ability to bring a smile to his face, something that hasn't happened in a long time. Can Ariana stay afloat while grappling with her past amid a sea of marketing chaos, her overbearing father, and her new overprotective boss? While she fights to swim instead of sink, one burning question remains in her mind: will her mysterious farmer employer be part of her future?

Grab your copy! https://books2read.com/u/4jBp0Z

MY REVIEW

Oh my this was such an adorable and fun read. I mean come on, baby Thor is just soooo cute. I want to snuggle with the little kitty. Ok back to the review.

This story was a fun and entertaining read. Ari is an heiress whom has recently graduated university. She is trying to find her way in life and her controlling father is getting in the way. So she disappears to a small town to work as a social media marketing manager of a small farm.

From the very first time they meet Ari and Eric are drawn to each other. With secrets in their pasts they rather not share, they embark on a journey. Neither one of our main characters could have imagined the outcome.

This book was enjoyable and a perfect romantic comedy. The characters are complex, caring, kind and sweet. Ari is like a butterfly finding her wings and Eric is a lost soul coming out of the dark. Their love story is exciting and butterfly in belly inducing. The book centers on a farm so there are plenty of cute animals and their crazy antics.

Overall this book has it all. From romance to comedy, this book is sure to have something for everyone. It is a sweet and beautiful story full of heat and passion. If it wasn't for all the steamy fire inducing scenes, then this book would be Hallmark Movie worthy. This guaranteed happy ending is sure to pull at your heartstrings and like the Grinch grow with all the love.

I did not read the first two books in the series, but this book was a perfect stand-alone read. I did not feel as if I had to read them in order. It wasn't confusing or missing anything. It was pure perfection.

Meet SE Rose:

USA Today & International Bestselling romance author, S.E. Rose lives near Washington D.C. with her family. When she's not wrangling her cats or keeping up with her kids, she's plotting her next story. She loves all things wine, coffee, and cats. In her non-existent free time, she enjoys traveling, going to concerts, binging on her favorite shows, and reading, especially if it's a good mystery or comedy.

Keep up with S.E. Rose and subscribe to her newsletter: https://bookhip.com/LSMKWL

To learn more about S.E. Rose & her books, visit here! Connect with S.E. Rose: https://linktr.ee/seroseauthor

#serose #smalltownromance #romcom #oppositesattract #billionaireromance #newbookalert #mustread #wildfiremarketingsolutions #bookstagram #amreading #booklove #bookblogger #bookworm #booknerd #bookish #bookstagrammer #booksofinstagram #tbr

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joyffree · 4 months

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🧐 This Week's Spotlight Reads & Book Recommendations

➱ OMISSION a Dark Paranormal Romance by Elena M. Reyes

➱ The Jig is Up (The Painted Lady Inn Mysteries Book 13) Cozy Mystery by M K Scott

➱ The Bourbon Bride a Billionaire Romance by Adrian R. Hale

➱ The Billionaire and the Maid (Once Upon a Billionaire Rom-Com Series) By SE Rose

➱ The Lies of Gods (The Raven Scry Book 1) A sexy, fiery, page-turning epic fantasy by Kathia

➱ Crash-Landed in Love an Alien, romcom MM Romance by Piper Scott & Renee Fox

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eqh1ngaxndk9n · 1 year

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hebasoffar · 12 days

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#what are the 4 types of lupus

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rnomics · 1 month

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Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 462: Serologic, Virologic and Pathologic Features of Cats with Naturally Occurring Feline Infectious Peritonitis Enrolled in Antiviral Clinical Trials

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a multisystemic, generally lethal immuno-inflammatory disease of domestic cats caused by an infection with a genetic variant of feline coronavirus, referred to as the FIP virus (FIPV). We leveraged data from four different antiviral clinical trials performed at the University of California, Davis. Collectively, a total of 60 client-owned domestic cats, each with a confirmed diagnosis of naturally occurring FIP, were treated with a variety of antiviral compounds. The tested therapies included the antiviral compounds GS-441524, remdesivir, molnupiravir and allogeneic feline mesenchymal stem/stroma cell transfusions. Four client-owned cats with FIP did not meet the inclusion criteria for the trials and were not treated with antiviral therapies; these cats were included in the data set as untreated FIP control cats. ELISA and Western blot assays were performed using feline serum/plasma or ascites effusions obtained from a subset of the FIP cats. Normalized tissue/effusion viral loads were determined in 34 cats by a quantitative RT-PCR of nucleic acids isolated from either effusions or abdominal lymph node tissue. Twenty-one cats were PCR “serotyped” (genotyped) and had the S1/S2 region of the coronaviral spike gene amplified, cloned and sequenced from effusions or abdominal lymph node tissue. In total, 3 untreated control cats and 14 (23.3%) of the 60 antiviral-treated cats died or were euthanized during (13) or after the completion of (1) antiviral treatment. Of these 17 cats, 13 had complete necropsies performed (10 cats treated with antivirals and 3 untreated control cats). We found that anticoronaviral serologic responses were persistent and robust throughout the treatment period, primarily the IgG isotype, and focused on the viral structural Nucleocapsid and Membrane proteins. Coronavirus serologic patterns were similar for the effusions and serum/plasma of cats with FIP and in cats entering remission or that died. Viral #RNA was readily detectable in the majority of the cats in either abdominal lymph node tissue or ascites effusions, and all of the viral isolates were determined to be serotype I FIPV. Viral nucleic acids in cats treated with antiviral compounds became undetectable in ascites or abdominal lymph node tissue by 11 days post-treatment using a sensitive quantitative RT-PCR assay. The most common pathologic lesions identified in the necropsied cats were hepatitis, abdominal effusion (ascites), serositis, pancreatitis, lymphadenitis, icterus and perivasculitis. In cats treated with antiviral compounds, gross and histological lesions characteristic of FIP persisted for several weeks, while the viral antigen became progressively less detectable. https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/3/462?utm_source=dlvr.it&utm_medium=tumblr

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heylinhenchman · 9 months

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q. “ They said the bleeding’s internal. That’s where the bloods supposed to be-- ”

“ Actually it’s nOT where the blood is supposed to be dumbass— your body is not a blood cavity ! You are supposed to be full of MUCUS and Serosal Fluid ! ”

#open.#[jack knOWS his anatomy mkay he has to be his own doctor

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manipalhospital1 · 10 months

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Lupus: Symptoms, Diagnosis, And Treatment

Lupus, also known as systemic Lupus erythematosus(SLE), is a chronic, multi-systemic, autoimmune disease which could affect any part of the body. It predominantly affects systems like skin, mucosal surfaces, joints, kidneys, liver, blood cells, cardiovascular system, and nerves.

Age Groups Affected by Lupus

SLE predominantly affects patients in the age group of 16-45 years. It is nine times more predominant among females than males and can also affect kids and the elderly population over sixty years of age. The general presentation among kids and elderly individuals differs from the 16-45-year-old population.

Systemic Manifestations of Lupus

Lupus can affect joints, skin, mucosal surfaces, hair, blood cells, kidneys, heart, and respiratory system. Let’s check out its symptoms in detail, listed by the best rheumatologist in Mysore:

Joints

When lupus affects joints, it predominantly presents as pain in small and large joints in both upper and lower limbs, associated with swelling and early morning stiffness lasting more than 30 minutes duration. It can affect one or more joints, to begin with, or multiple joints simultaneously.

Skin

Skin involvement is very important in patients with lupus. It most often presents as a malar rash, a butterfly-shaped rash predominantly seen over the nasal bridge and cheeks, along with other areas exposed to the sun. So, it predominantly affects the sun-exposed parts of the body. It can also appear as blistering, psoriatic, annular, livedoid, or burnt-out or scarring lesions called DLE.

Blood

Lupus often involves blood cells. It can involve one or more cell lines. So, it can affect RBCs (red blood cells), WBCs (white blood cells), or platelets, and they can be affected altogether or in a single cell line. Certain patients have isolated thrombocytopenia manifested as bleeding manifestations in the form of haemoptysis or bleeding under the skin, or bleeding from the gums. Lupus often presents as jaundice, a manifestation of haemolysis, which could happen because of the destruction of RBCs in the periphery, which bear the antibodies over their surface.

Kidneys

When there is involvement of kidneys, lupus can present as anaemia, raised blood pressure, or swelling of lower limbs. Patients also present as passing high-coloured urine or bleeding in the urine.

Cardiovascular System

Lupus can affect the cardiovascular system in the form of cardiomyopathies, endocarditis, myocarditis or pericarditis , coronary artery diseases, or vasculitis.

Respiratory System

When lupus affects the respiratory system, it can present in the form of serositis in the form of pleural effusion, interstitial lung disease, or pulmonary hypertension.

Lupus in Females

In females of the reproductive age group, lupus can present as recurrent pregnancy loss in the form of recurrent abortions, stillbirths, or pregnancy-induced hypertension complications like eclampsia and preeclampsia. Those bearing certain specific antibodies can also transfer the antibodies transplacentally to the baby, causing neonatal lupus. This type of lupus can cause skin lesions similar to lupus patients, but it is suffering and doesn’t require medication.

Evolution of Lupus

Lupus can start off with skin manifestations and, if uncontrolled, can spread to other body parts. It can start off with the joints and then involve the skin and then other parts of the body. There can be isolated involvement of the kidneys.

Investigations in Lupus

General investigations at the best hospital for lupus treatment in Mysore require the following:

Checking the complete blood count.

The direct coombs test for jaundice and anaemia.

Urine routine to look for active urine sediments and passage of RBCs and proteins in the urine.

Thyroid function test, including TSH, freeT4, and T3, liver function test, kidney function test, chest X-Ray, and ECG. 2D echocardiography may be required in some conditions.

Specific investigations for the diagnosis of lupus include the following:

Skin Biopsy is a test to demonstrate antibody or complement deposition in the dermo epidermal junction.

ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) tests by the immunofluorescence method, ANA profile, complements.

In cytopenias, the patient may or may not require bone marrow to look for cytopenias other than lupus.

A kidney biopsy is required in case of active urine sediments, with or without hypertension and swelling in feet.

Management of Lupus:

Strict photoprotection by following methods:

Sunscreen lotion should be applied every 4-5 hours or exposed parts of the body.

Among the pharmacological modalities of treatment, steroids are the mainstay of treatment. They can.be used topically or systemically, depending on the system affected.

As steroids cannot be given for long term drugs, drugs called disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs are used. The drugs chosen for a patient depends on the disease manifestations, gender, age, reproductive capacity, the presence of complications, or allergy to certain medications.

Certain medications must be included in the treatment regimen for patients planning pregnancy, are pregnant or post-delivery, especially the ones with clotting abnormalities.

Patients who are taking steroids must be supplemented with Calcium and Vitamin D as steroids can cause weakening of the bones and fluctuations in blood pressure and blood sugar.

Close monitoring and regular follow-up concerning medications, including reducing and increasing dosages, are necessary. Initially, follow-ups are done once every four weeks and then once every three months when the disease is under control.

Knowing the symptoms and adverse effects of lupus can help you and your family prepare well to manage it. Working closely with your doctor to formulate a personalised treatment plan at the best hospital for lupus treatment in Mysore is essential. It allows you greater control over managing the disease and maintaining overall health and well-being.

FAQs

How is lupus diagnosed?

Lupus is diagnosed through a combination of general and specific investigations. These include complete blood count, urine routine, thyroid function tests, skin biopsy, and ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) tests. The inflammation of lupus affects the blood and bone marrow in several ways. read the blog on Bone Marrow Biposy and Aspiration for more detals.

Is lupus heritable?

Typically, Lupus is not heritable. As per studies, there is only a 5% chance of that happening. Q. Is lupus curable?

Currently, lupus has no permanent cure. However, we can manage it to a great extent with medications and lifestyle changes to reduce symptoms and prevent flares.

#healthcare #manipalhospitals

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allthingsdarkanddirty · 4 months

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COVER REVEAL

We are thrilled to reveal this gorgeous cover for THE BILLIONIARE AND THE RUNAWAY by S.E. Rose Coming April 18!

#1Clickhere https://books2read.com/u/4jBp0Z

A wealthy college graduate who needs to escape her boring life. A small-town farmer who needs some help. And a job offer that will change everything.

Ariana Titan hates her life. She has everything but doesn't want any of it. Her wealthy father controls every aspect of her days. Her apartment is starting to feel like a prison cell. She longs to run away to the countryside like in the movies she watches at night. When her father's girlfriend mentions a job posting for a social media marketing manager at a small town farm, she decides to apply…in person. She maybe fails to tell her father exactly where she's gone.

Eric Windsor's farm needs a marketing makeover. He knows business but social media and online marketing are not his strong suits. He needs help and he needs it yesterday. When a young woman shows up at his property with a mile-long list of references and an impressive degree from a fancy university, he hires her on the spot. He soon figures out that his new employee is not only a fish out of water in his coastal town, but she also has the uncanny ability to bring a smile to his face, something that hasn't happened in a long time.

Can Ariana stay afloat while grappling with her past amid a sea of marketing chaos, her overbearing father, and her new overprotective boss? While she fights to swim instead of sink, one burning question remains in her mind: will her mysterious farmer employer be part of her future?

#serose #smalltownromance #romcom #oppositesattract #billionaireromance #agegap #newbookalert #lovereading #bookcommunity #reading #bookish #romancenovels #booknerds #bookishlove #mustread #ebooks #wildfiremarketingsolutions

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clafrasresmedvlog · 11 months

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Serositis

Es un término que se utiliza para describir la inflamación de las membranas serosas del cuerpo. Las membranas serosas son membranas delgadas que recubren ciertos órganos y cavidades del cuerpo, como el corazón, los pulmones, el abdomen y las articulaciones.

La serositis puede ser causada por diversas condiciones médicas, como enfermedades autoinmunes como el lupus eritematoso sistémico, la artritis reumatoide o el síndrome de Sjögren. También puede estar asociada con infecciones, traumatismos o enfermedades sistémicas como insuficiencia cardiaca por mencionar alguna.

Los síntomas de la serositis pueden variar según el órgano o la cavidad afectada, pero comúnmente incluyen dolor, inflamación, sensibilidad, dificultad para respirar o movimiento limitado en las articulaciones afectadas.

El diagnóstico de la serositis generalmente implica una evaluación médica completa, incluyendo la historia clínica, un examen físico detallado y pruebas de laboratorio y de imagen, como análisis de sangre, radiografías o ecografías.

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jwps01 · 1 year

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Poultry Infectious Bursal Disease

Unlike coccidiosis which is a disease caused by parasites (Apicomplexa phylum and the Eimeriidae family), infectious bursal disease (IBD) is a viral infection that affects young domestic chickens all over the world. Depression, watery diarrhea, ruffled feathers, and dehydration are all symptoms of the clinical condition. In young chicks, the disease can manifest as a clinical or subclinical disease, depending on the infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) strain and the existence of maternal immunity. All pathogenic IBDVs induce lesions in the bursa of fabricious in both clinical and asymptomatic phases of the illness. The cloacal bursa might expand and develop a yellowish transudate on its surface. Hemorrhages of the serosal and mucosal services have been reported on occasion. Around 7-10 days after infection, the bursa atrophy, which involves the loss of B-lymphocytes, begins. Immunosuppression is linked to the loss of B-lymphocytes, but immunosuppression and secondary infections are more common in birds who recover from the condition. Immunosuppression severity is determined by the virulence of the infecting virus and the host’s age.

Rovedar publication

Journal of World’s Poultry Science (JWPS)

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joyffree · 4 months

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A small-town maid who is trying to live her dream. A playboy billionaire who needs a fake girlfriend. And a holiday gala that is about to make things complicated.

Ella Foster takes a job as a maid for a billionaire family. Her real goal – to finish her degree and start her own design firm. She hasn’t had it easy after the death of her father. Unlike her stepsisters, Ella has had to work for everything. But she’s determined to make her dreams come true. There’s just one small hiccup…the priceless vase she broke while cleaning the house of the richest family in town.

The Billionaire and the Maid (Once Upon a Billionaire Rom-Com Series) By SE Rose ➱ Book Release

#serose #fakerelationship #smalltownromance #romcom #oppositesattract #billionaireromance #grumpysunshine #koboplus #newbookalert #reading #mustread #ebooks #wildfiremarketingsolutions

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femmenest-123 · 1 year

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Fibroids and Fertility: What You Need to Know

Fibroids and Fertility

Fibroids are non-cancerous tumors that grow in the uterus. They are very common, with up to 80% of women developing them by age 50. While fibroids are not harmful, they can cause many symptoms, including heavy bleeding, pain, and infertility. This article will explore the relationship between fibroids and fertility and what you need to know if you are considering pregnancy.

What Are Fibroids?

Fibroids are growths that develop in the uterine muscle. They can vary in size and number, from small pea-sized nodules to large tumors that can distort the shape of the uterus.

Fibroids are often classified according to their location in the uterus:

Submucosal fibroids grow in the inner lining of the uterus and can protrude into the uterine cavity.

Intramural fibroids grow within the uterine wall and can cause the uterus to expand.

Sub-serosal fibroids grow on the outer wall of the uterus and can protrude into the abdominal cavity.

Pedunculated fibroids are attached to the uterus by a stalk.

What Causes Fibroids?

The exact cause of fibroids is unknown, but several factors can increase a woman’s risk of developing them:

Age: Fibroids are more common in women between 30 and 50.

Family history: If your mother or sister has had fibroids, you are more likely to develop them.

Hormones: Estrogen and progesterone, the female hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle, can stimulate the growth of fibroids.

Race: Fibroids are more common in African-American women.

What Are the Symptoms of Fibroids?

Fibroids can cause various symptoms, depending on their size and location in the uterus. Some women may have no symptoms at all. Common symptoms include:

Heavy menstrual bleeding

Prolonged menstrual periods

Pelvic pain

Pain during sex

Back pain

Bladder problems

Infertility

How Do Fibroids Affect Fertility?

Fibroids can affect fertility in several ways:

Distortion of the uterus: Large fibroids can change the shape of the uterus, making it difficult for a fertilized egg to implant.

Blocked fallopian tubes: Fibroids can block the fallopian tubes, preventing the egg from reaching the uterus.

Impaired blood flow: Fibroids can cause a reduction in blood flow to the uterus, making it difficult for the embryo to implant.

Hormonal imbalances: Fibroids can disrupt the hormonal balance in the body, making it difficult to conceive.

Diagnosing Fibroids:

If you are experiencing symptoms of fibroids or infertility, your doctor may recommend one or more tests to diagnose the condition. These tests may include the following:

Pelvic exam: Your doctor will perform a physical exam to check for the presence of fibroids.

Ultrasound: This imaging test uses sound waves to create images of the uterus and can help identify fibroids’ location and size.

Hysteroscopy: Hysteroscopy involves inserting a thin, lighted tube into the uterus to examine the lining and detect any fibroids.

MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging can provide a more detailed view of the uterus and fibroids.

Treating Fibroids:

The treatment for fibroids depends on the severity of the symptoms and the desire for fertility.

Treatment options include:

Watchful waiting: If fibroids are small and not causing any symptoms, your doctor may recommend monitoring them without treatment.

Medications: Hormonal medications such as birth control pills, GnRH agonists, and progestin-releasing intrauterine devices (IUDs) can help to shrink fibroids and alleviate symptoms.

Surgery: Surgery may be necessary if fibroids are large or cause severe symptoms. Options include myomectomy, which removes the fibroids while leaving the uterus intact, and hysterectomy, which involves removing the entire uterus.

Uterine artery embolization: This minimally invasive procedure involves blocking the blood flow to the fibroids, causing them to shrink and die.

Endometrial ablation: This procedure involves removing the uterus lining, which can reduce heavy bleeding caused by fibroids.

Fertility Treatments for Fibroids:

If you have fibroids and are struggling with infertility, several fertility treatments can help you conceive:

In vitro fertilization (IVF): This procedure involves fertilizing the egg outside the body and transferring the embryo into the uterus. IVF can bypass any obstacles caused by fibroids and increase the chance of pregnancy.

Myomectomy: If fibroids are causing infertility, a myomectomy can be performed to remove the fibroids and restore fertility.

Hysteroscopic myomectomy: This minimally invasive procedure involves removing small submucosal fibroids through the cervix.

Uterine artery embolization: This procedure can help shrink fibroids and improve fertility by increasing uterine blood flow.

Conclusion:

Fibroids are common and can cause many symptoms, including heavy bleeding, pain, and infertility. If you are struggling with fibroids and fertility, working closely with your doctor to develop a treatment plan that meets your needs is important. At Femme nest IVF Centre in Delhi, we provide comprehensive fertility services, including diagnosing and treating fibroids. Contact us today to learn more about how we can help you achieve your baby’s dream.

#infertility #femmenest #fertility #ivf treatment #fibroids

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juniperpublishers-crdoj · 1 year

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The Effects of Dietary Fibers on Improvement of Glucose Metabolism

Authored by Yo Tsuchiya

Abstract

Dietary fiber (indigestible polysaccharides) intake is widely recommended as a nutritional therapy to improve hyperglycemia and diabetes. Many researchers have reported the beneficial effects of dietary fibers such as cellulose, pectin, inulin, and guar as regulators of glucose metabolism. In addition, new types of indigestible polysaccharides have been shown to be novel dietary fibers that attenuate postprandial glycemia. This review summarizes the understanding and progress of traditional and recent studies on the effects of dietary fiber on glucose metabolism.

Keywords: Dietary fiber; Glycemia; Diabetes; Glucose absorption; Intestinal microbiota; Proteoglycan

Abbreviations: SCFA: Short-chain fatty acids; PG: Proteoglycans; IMD: Isomaltodextrin

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Introduction

Various medical and nutritional therapies have been developed worldwide to improve glucose metabolism disorders, especially hyperglycemia and diabetes. As a nutritional therapy for these disorders, dietary fiber intake suppresses postprandial increases in plasma glucose levels. It has been reported that intake of vegetables containing abundant dietary fiber before intake of carbohydrates attenuated postprandial glycemia compared to single intake of carbohydrates in normal healthy subjects and patients with type 2 diabetes [1,2].

Since the 1970s, dietary fibers, such as cellulose, pectin, guar, and inulin, have been reported to improve glucose metabolism [3-5]. Cellulose is a structural component of the cell wall of plants and a homopolysaccharide consisting of a linear chain of several hundred to thousands of β1-4 glycosidic bound D-glucose. Pectin is a heteropolysaccharide present in apples and citrus fruits. Its main component was galacturonic acid. Guar, also known as guar gum, is a galactomannan polysaccharide found in guar beans. It has been reported that these three polysaccharides attenuate the increase in postprandial plasma glucose levels quickly by decreasing glucose absorption in the small intestine [4-7]. To understand these mechanisms, researchers have suggested that the presence of dietary fibers in the intestine increases the viscosity of the luminal fluid and the thickening of the rate-limiting unstirred layer. Thus, these processes attenuate glucose absorption from the luminal to the serosal side. Inulin is a heteropolysaccharide mainly found in Jerusalem artichokes and chicory. It is composed mainly of fructose units and fructans with terminal glucose. Inulin intake has been reported to reduce postprandial glycemia over a long period, such as 1-2 months [5].

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Discussion

Recently, novel mechanisms in dietary fiber’s effects on improving glucose metabolism disorders have been clarified. The intestinal microbiota is considered as indicator for managing type 2 diabetes [8,9]. It has been reported that dietary fibers and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced from dietary fibers by bacterial fermentation in the intestine affect changes in microbiota composition and relative populations of bacterial species [8-10]. These articles also reported that SCFA improves insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes. In addition, Shao et al. [11] found that inulin attenuates hyperglycemia in diabetic mice by improving the intestinal microbiota [11]. These studies suggest that SCFA is a key regulator of the dietary fiber-mediated improvement of diabetes via the intestinal microbiota. In the future, we expect to investigate the detailed mechanisms, including the molecular level, between SCFT and the improvement of diabetes.

Several new types of dietary fibers have been reported to regulate glucose metabolism. One of them is isomaltodextrin (IMD). IMD is a highly branched α-glucan that is produced artificially and enzymatically from starch. In 2017, Sadakiyo et al. [12] found that IMD attenuated the postprandial increase of plasma glucose level and that it occurred via suppressing both the intestinal glucose transport from mucosal side to serosal side and the activities of carbohydrate-digestive enzymes [12].

In 2015, Tsuchiya et al. [13] found that proteoglycans (PG) are new ingestible polysaccharide-like materials that regulate glucose metabolism [13]. PG is the major non-collagenous extracellular matrix component, particularly in cartilage and skin. Although it was not food originally, PG was purified abundantly from the nasal cartilage of salmon, not only as a therapeutic agent but also as a food product [13-15]. Tsuchiya et al. [13] found that oral administration of salmon PG decreased glucose absorption in the jejunum, thereby attenuating the increase in plasma glucose levels in rats. As shown in Figure 1, salmon PG belongs to the aggrecan family and is composed of a core protein section attached to glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains which is the polysaccharide part [16]. These GAG chains primarily contain chondroitins A and C. The GAG chains of aggrecans, such as salmon PG, are negatively charged and highly hydrophilic [17]. It is possible that these chains conjugate glucose and subsequently prevent glucose absorption.

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Conclusion

Although many beneficial dietary fibers and polysaccharides have improved hyperglycemia and diabetes, the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying their effects are not clear. Further studies are needed to understand this. In addition, which kind of food containing dietary fibers and polysaccharides is the most useful for improving glucose metabolism? The answer is not the only one. We may select available food depending on the dietary habits and conditions of food production in each country and/or their local areas.

For More articles in Current Research in Diabetes & Obesity Journal Please click on: https://juniperpublishers.com/crdoj/index.php

For more about Juniper Publishers please click on: https://juniperpublishers.com/video-articles.php

#Diabetes #obesity #peer review journals #high impact journals in juniper publishers #open access journals

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stephenswillard19 · 1 year

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Acupuncture with regard to low back pain.

Almost all fetuses ended up retrieved by cesarean segment with day time 120. Samples of the tiny bowel ended up tarnished using hematoxylin along with eosin regarding histologic evaluation associated with peel creation and also serosal and also buff thickness. For ICC diagnosis, immunohistochemistry utilizing anti-CD117 (c-Kit) antibody was applied. In all of the biological materials with experience of amniotic liquid, peel off formation and also drastically reduced ICC were found. Total insurance diminished peel off enhancement as well as poor organization of ICC compared to revealed creatures nearly to the stage involving settings. Remove development as well as ICC derangement have been significantly lowered by prenatal coverage involving gastroschisis. In addition, this particular animal style imitates the actual histopathological colon adjustments while affecting human gastroschisis and may even, for that reason, be used for further research around the pathophysiology and fetal treatments of this malformation.Targets: To analyze the issues linked to enteral health assistance in sufferers using lateral amyotrophic sclerosis a part of the home-based physical ventilation program (HMVP), having a unique increased exposure of digestive problems. Approach: retrospective, descriptive research of the sufferers included in each of our HMVP aimed by rigorous attention medical doctors, by means of organized writeup on the actual health care information (included in a 'microsoft' Access repository) throughout the interval 2004-2011. Outcomes: back then 2004-2011,73 individuals using a proper diagnosis of lateral amyotrophic sclerosis were used: Thirty four (Forty six.6%) rejected health assistance by way of gastrostomy as well as nasogastric tv, whereas Twenty (Fifty three.4%) acknowledged. 20 (51.3%) with the Twenty individuals using (home-based health help) were women. The mean chronilogical age of the patients has been 58.6 + Tough luck.4 years (95% CI Sixty.4-64.7). Diagnoses at the time of addition from the HMVP ended up: LAS, 21 years old cases (Fifty three.8%), as well as LAS along with bulbar disability 16 (Forty three.1%). 24 sufferers (87.2%) were fed through percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG), Three (Several.7%) through surgical gastrostomy, about three find more (Several.7%). PEG was carried out during the time of add-on of the patients in the program, with a indicate duration of 222.Several + 356.Half a dozen times (95% CI: 110.8-334.7). Throughout sufferers together with LAS, the mean period had been 271.Several + 449.Five days (95% CI: 135.3-412.A single), with LAS and also bulbar problems involving 126.Four + 131.Three days (95% CI: 90-172.Some). The actual mean duration of your nasogastric tv ended up being Seven.Three or more + Some.8-10 a few months (95% CI: 4-10.Half a dozen). The mean use of enteral nutrition has been 578.Half a dozen + 872.Being unfaithful days and nights (95% CI: 304.7-852.6). There was problems in Thirty five individuals (Fifth 89.7%), with out problems took place only Some individuals (10.3%) (Discover desk 2). Constipation occurred after beginning Dentro de within 30 consumers (76.9%); nevertheless, it absolutely was previously contained in Eighteen ones (60%). The rest of the gastrointestinal problems seen ended up: ab bloatedness (9 sufferers; Twenty-three.

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