#Insolation

[cmaidaartworkblog]

Some months ago, I created a series of maps and diagrams for @iguanodont​​‘s Birdbug worldbuilding project, representing the planet inhabited by their original species and its planetological data. This isn’t the first time I mapped out this planet, as I was also commissioned by Ripley back in 2020 back when I didn’t have nearly as much experience and knowledge as I do now. Two years later, I’ve been commissioned once again to revisit this world and its peculiarities.

This first map (in Equirectangular projection and poles-centered perspective) depicts the elevation for this planet, with a color gradient applied to the data.

Here is the same elevation data, presented without the color gradient.

This time, the elevation is presented with bodies of liquid water included, such as rivers, oceans, and lakes.

and in this one, the water is isolated from the other data, against a white background

Next, there are the surface temperatures that occur on this planet, the key to which is shown above. The four maps below show the seasonal temperatures for land and sea, in order of Northern Spring Equinox, Northern Summer Solstice, Northern Autumn Equinox, and Northern Winter Solstice.

Correlating closely to the above data is the snow and ice cover, which is fairly extensive on this planet owing to its high obliquity and distance from its star. Land ice only occurs where the snow falls and is compacted year-round, but snow and sea ice can be much more seasonal.

Seasonal precipitation levels were another important phase of this project, and the below diagram shows those levels for a given latitude (y-axis) on a given date (x-axis), with a key attached.

My reference for creating the above graphic is the figure below, which comes from a 2019 paper by A.H. Lobo and S. Bordoni titled “Atmospheric Dynamics of High Obliquity Planets”, and shows Earth’s precipitation levels compared to those of a planet with an 85° obliquity.

The following maps can now be better understood in light of these diagrams and keys.

-Northern Spring Equinox

-Northern Summer Solstice

-Northern Autumn Equinox

-Northern Winter Solstice

I was also tasked with mapping out the extent and density of this planet’s vegetation (or at least its alien equivalent), and from this you can see how wildly it varies by season, with very few year-round holdings. Precipitation is a major factor in where it is possible for plants to flourish, but snow cover and the extreme temperature swings limit it too. Near either pole, for example, within the space of a year temperatures soar far above Earth’s upper limits and also plummet below freezing; if either extreme were to be the annual norm for a region, some plants might adapt to those conditions, but because of the wild fluctuation any adaptations to one extreme would leave plants especially vulnerable to the other. These regions, then, remain barren regardless of rainfall or brief windows of mild temperatures, while areas with less wide temperature ranges allow for at least brief periods of flourishing.

Determining the surface temperatures for this planet required a lot of background work. The first piece of the puzzle for this was knowing the number of daily hours of sunlight for a given latitude and date, which is exemplified first in this diagram for Earth:

and then for the Birdbug planet, below. Since this planet rotates on an axis of 60 degrees, there are many more latitudes within range of either pole that experience periods of sunlight and darkness lasting longer than a day. The higher the latitude, the longer this period lasts, with the poles themselves experiencing either condition for half a year at a time.

Another important factor is the height to which the sun is seen to rise (more scientifically, the angle at which the sun’s light hits parts of the planet’s surface), seen here first for Earth and then for the Birdbug planet. In these diagrams, white represents the sun reaching the zenith of the sky (meeting the surface at a 90° angle), and black represents the sun failing to appear above the horizon (meeting at an angle of 0° or below), while shades of green and purple stand in for angles between those extremes. For Earth and the Birdbug planet alike, the sun reaches the zenith within the bounds of either planet’s Tropic circles of latitude, and fails to rise at all only within the Polar circles of latitude; the difference in obliquity means that the Birdbug planet’s key circles of latitude are flipped compared to Earth’s.

The duration of sunlight and the angle at which that sunlight is reaches the planet’s surface determine a planet’s Insolation, that is, the amount of solar energy it receives. The first image below is a preexisting diagram of Earth’s Insolation, where it is measured in watts per square meter. The next two images are my own attempts at replicating this data for Earth, and then for the Birdbug planet.

As seen in the diagrams above, Insolation on the Birdbug planet differs from Earth not only in its latitudinal distribution, but also in its sheer intensity at the higher latitudes. Compared to Earth there are twice as many latitudes for which the sun is shining longer than one rotational period, and many of those latitudes see the sun shine at a direct or nearly direct angle, whereas the Polar circles of latitude on Earth see the sun shine much more obliquely. Below, we can see the data that all the above figures were instrumental in finding: that is, surface temperatures. The first image is a preexisting figure that measures Earth’s mean surface temperatures by date and latitude, and below that is my attempt at replicating the data by my own process.

This is done not by just copying the seasonal Insolation data, but by also factoring in the yearly average for each latitude.

Above, we see the temperatures of the land by date and latitude, and below, we see the temperatures at the surface of the sea, which lag behind the land temperatures and remain comparatively mild.

Lastly, here’s an image I created to combine the snow and ice cover as well as the vegetation extent and density, as of the Northern Spring Equinox.  This, along with the elevation map also seen here, is what I uploaded to maptoglobe.com in order to produce the screenshot at the top of this post.

These maps and figures (except for the preexisting ones) were all created in Photopea.  Higher resolution versions of many of these images can be seen in my dedicated Reddit posts, linked below: reddit post one, reddit post two

2022

#mapmaking #imaginary maps #worldbuilding #major project #imaginary planetology #elevation #waterways #river systems #surface temperatures #ice and snow cover #sea ice #precipitation #vegetation #Insolation #high obliquity planets #explanatory diagrams #digital rendering #Photopea #Birdbug worldbuilding project #Birgs #Birgworld #2022 #digital painting #extremely long post #Christopher Maida Artwork

[kurtbennett]

The 3rd Reason Paul Traveled the World to Share Jesus--Acts 20:5-6

God Running is a place for anyone who wants to (or even anyone who wants to want to) love Jesus more deeply, follow Jesus more closely, and love people the way Jesus wants us to. Continue reading The 3rd Reason Paul Traveled the World to Share Jesus–Acts 20:5-6

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#addicted to phone #anxiety #boredom #depression #insolation

[davidca]

Understanding Solar Radiation (Insolation) and its Factors | Earth's Sunlight Distribution Explained

Join us in this enlightening video as we dive into the fascinating world of solar radiation, also known as 'insolation.' Discover the core concept behind this crucial aspect of Earth's climate system and gain insights into the factors that influence the varying amounts of insolation received by different regions of our planet.

#solarradiation #insolation #scienceexplained #avenue #Youtube

[observatoiredumensonge]

Insolation ou abus de poudre de perlimpinpin ?

Par Nanouche Et finalement six ans après, nous avons MoiEtLeChaos qui a amené « la division », « la désunion » et « l’injustice » comme aucun autre avant lui ! Nous soutenir : Insolation ou abus de poudre de perlimpinpin ? Les deux. « Et en même temps », état normal de « parce que c’est notre projééééééééééé » qui délirant, a mis en garde les jeunes, on se demande lesquels, contre « le chaos…

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#chaos #division #insolation #Macron #Macronistan #Nanouche #Observatoire du MENSONGE #perlimpinpin #politique #poudre

[annrezaphotographer-blog]

7th Week of Portfolio Development Rapid City II #nyc #nycphotographer #photography #photographylovers💕 #brige #bhportdev #bnwsoul #DevelopPortDev @gothamtomato @DevelopPhotoWeek #amateur_bnw #icpconcerned #sombrexplore #nyc #insolation #art #everything_bnw #bike @_picture_nyc_ #carvin #art https://www.instagram.com/p/CpWJ_yzLjMw/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=

#nyc #nycphotographer #photography #photographylovers💕 #brige #bhportdev #bnwsoul #developportdev #amateur_bnw #icpconcerned #sombrexplore #insolation #art #everything_bnw #bike #carvin

[emohrofeex]

#Floor #insolation #homeinterior #Youtube

[dcrgly2fmav]

J daddy Sara modelo de chicas malas de Rionegro Antioquia Colombia Grazy Guerra de espadas Morgan Lee meets big black Jon Jon cock Sleep bbw gaping pussy hole Fazendo sacanagem com meu amante na frente do meu marido corno MILF babe pov fucked after sloppy blowjob Veneca culonaza le rebotan rico las nalgas Aunty Naket Live Chat With Came Live Making Homemade Pussy Realized Real Fucking

#unfeminizing #runkeeper #quasi-methodically #Zaandam #insolation #Romaji #unsingability #toil #nooses #anonymuncule #cevadilline #stock-job #infectionist #scaled #gentium #pharmaco- #quackhood #panchaxes #Neil #benzazimide

[feelingtheaster99]

I don’t believe it happens in the books but Percy telling Sally that “he doesn’t get to ignore you” while he’s fine with his dad ignoring Percy himself is extreme book Percy energy

#king shit #book Percy energy #Percy Jackson #percy jackson tv series #percy jackson tv show #percy jackson and the olympians #Percy Jackson and the olympians tv show #pjo #pjo show #pjo series #Percy Jackson tv show spoilers #pjo spoilers #I become supreme overlord of the bathroom spoilers #I become supreme overlord of the bathroom #walker scobell #Walker makes a FANTASTIC Percy #he’s insolent and impulsive and protective #extremely heroic but still with the vulnerability of a 12 year old #I absolutely love his performance #pjotv #live reaction

[transparentgentlemenmarker]

La peau pèle après un coup de soleil

#men #smartphones #insolation #summer

[itswilliamleonard]

hard to be a dad

#azumanga daioh #chiyo mihama #chiyo chichi #chiyo's father #osaka #fortnite 2 #insolent whippersnapper #sleeper agent #get it B) #comic #wlart #williamleonard

[doctorforks]

Old hag

#accept her as she is #bsd #bungou stray dogs #fyodor dostoyevsky bsd #fyodor bsd #fem bsd #fyodor #its everyone's favorite insolent wench

[foreverephemeral-art]

hey guys . colours guys . am i right. colours

#my art #my ocs #rain world #rain world art #rain world ocs #oc silver spun insolence #oc searching new horizons

[littlebigmouse]

Edward Elric actually perfectly average size (164 cm / 5.3 ft) for a fifteen year old child in 1914.

It's just that he's usually compared to his brother, Alphonse Elric, who appears way over 6 ft tall at the age of 14.

Alphonse is an outlier and should not have been counted.

#fmab #edward elric #finding out that i am not as tall as edward 'wears raised insoles to appear taller' elric was a blow to the ego ngl #but in retrospect edward is the normal one here #alphonse elric #by the end of the manga - so age 16 - ed was about as tall as roy no? #yes i know they had an explanation but ed is 15 #he's gonna hit like three more growth spurts #let him rest #fma #fullmetal alchemist

[tennessoui]

it's been so long since i did a sith obi-wan au so like - how about an au where the sith are almost as established as the jedi (a temple, an order, followers numbering in the hundreds/thousands) but things are a bit more diplomatic in the galaxy (it's definitely tense but not all out war just yet)

so both the sith and jedi orders are alerted to a new rising power in the outer rim.....on tatooine of all places. a slave rebellion, led by shmi skywalker, has toppled the hutts. it's said that this new leader, queen of tatooine, has the Force's favor....but more importantly than that, shmi skywalker is a new galactic player, with a lot of money and a lot of support.....and a son of marriageable age.

cue both the jedi and the sith sending a delegation to tatooine - ostensibly to nurture galactic relations between their orders and the new power, but also to lowkey seduce shmi skywalker's son into marriage/a relationship because everyone knows that a parent's heart follows their children's happiness.

sith!obi-wan aka darth solence is selected to lead the sith seduction attempt. he's pretty confident - after all, he's led hundreds of seduction missions at this point, and he'd suffer a thousand different humiliations for the sake of the order of the sith who took him in after the jedi sent him to the agricorps.

the only problem is that he arrives on tatooine and shmi skywalker's son, anakin, is the most bland, boring, two-dimensional boy to ever breathe. he's completely uninterested in politics, in history, in the Force---he'd rather talk about pod-racing and--and Coruscanti daytime holo shows than anything of actual interest!

good thing the prince's manservant, kitster, is almost always hanging around. he's wrong about many things, obi-wan finds, but he's passionate. passionate and beautiful. oh, he loves pod-racing just as much as the prince, but he's fascinated by the Force and ready to tear obi-wan's eyes out over a passing negative observation on a droid. and did obi-wan mention that he's beautiful? with his golden curls and sky blue eyes and fierce scowl and broad shoulders and prominent eyebrows and even more prominent lips? the sith, as a general rule, appreciate passion, anger. beauty. obi-wan adores them as well.

but kitster the man servant isn't the person obi-wan has been flown to tatooine to seduce--he's duty-bound to seduce prince anakin. even if being around him feels like pulling his teeth out with rusty pliers.

if only obi-wan knew that shmi skywalker is more suspicious about the galaxy than she lets on. more protective of her son, too. if only he knew that her son, anakin, had a best friend growing up named kitster, who owed them both just enough life-debts to convince him to trade places with shmi's son for the length of the delegations' visit.

it's an easy sell after all -- who doesn't want to be a prince for a few weeks, no harm done?

#kit's silly lil aus #obikin #one day darth solence will catch on #its the only thing i want someone to like enough to use in their fic #come on!! darth sidious...insidious....darth vader....invader....darth solence...insolence...it fits bitchy obi-wan so well #anyway it was an embarrassing few minutes i spent rummaging through my brain trying to find the masculine word for handmaiden #i was like kit come on you read so many fucking merthur fanfictions in 2012 #i remembered its manservant #but anyway to get to the actual tags for this au #she's so dramatic omg i love her (the au) #it's basically some sort of prince and the pauper situation?? #yeah i did originally type princess and the pauper because my exposure to that story was the barbie computer game no regrets #only overshare

[annrezaphotographer-blog]

6th Week of Portfolio Development Rapid City #nyc #nycphotographer #photography #photographylovers💕 #brige #bhportdev #bnwsoul #DevelopPortDev @gothamtomato @DevelopPhotoWeek #amateur_bnw #icpconcerned #sombrexplore #nyc #insolation #art #everything_bnw #bike @_picture_nyc_ #carvin #art https://www.instagram.com/p/CpEm0m2MnFz/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=

#nyc #nycphotographer #photography #photographylovers💕 #brige #bhportdev #bnwsoul #developportdev #amateur_bnw #icpconcerned #sombrexplore #insolation #art #everything_bnw #bike #carvin

[cuthechicane]

"found a friend" :)

#jenson button #lando norris #the original footage is SO much more incriminating i swear #it's one thing to stare it's another to be so fond #also jenson's tiny tiptoe in the third gif just kills me #like 'i don't remember him being this tall' #don't worry jense he's probably wearing inch high insoles #jb22 #ln04 #2204 #©