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#opportunistic infection
bereavedmum · 2 months
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Admission to the Cancer Centre
Tonight was to be Leah’s first time attending a big family get together since her bone marrow transplant – she’s day 179 post transplant. The Dr told us a few weeks ago that her lymphocytes were on the rise & were out of the “danger zone”. Leah was a bit short of breath when climbing the stairs yesterday but her temperature was normal & she was otherwise well so we decided to wait and mention…
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metal-cn · 10 months
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日和見主義!文化大革命!毛沢東語録!では?日和見感染?
日本の秋田。病院。数々被災。だから、レジオネラは?
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wikipediapictures · 25 days
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Rhodotorula glutinis
“Rhodotorula glutinis UAMH 2662, colony developed at 30°C for 2 days on potato dextrose agar.” - via Wikimedia Commons
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super-paper · 1 year
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Not to keep repeating what’s already been said, but: I think a lot of the dismissal of AFO’s "chops" as a villain tends to come from fans who simply don’t want to acknowledge that Tomura is his victim-- Or rather, appreciation of AFO as a villain seems directly proportional to how willing a person is to explore Tomura’s victimhood.
Like… pretty much everything about AFO’s treatment of Tomura is utterly skin crawling when you give it more than a passing glance and start to delve into the effects it has had (and still has!) on Tomura's beliefs and behavior. imho AFO is a villain who just gets worse and worse every time you reread the series, because with each reread you end up noticing ways he’s violated Tomura that might not have been immediately apparent during the first read through. He's a villain that inspires a sense of intense revulsion that sets him apart from the other villains in the series-- because the ultimate trap he laid for Tomura didn't actually hinge on Tomura "hating everything," it hinged on Tomura genuinely loving and trusting him and not even remotely anticipating that AFO would ever violate that trust. He sprung a trap that took advantage of Tomura's capacity for love, because AFO knew that Tomura would continue to walk towards him and view him as a comforting figure no matter how fuckin' ominous things looked:
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"Come to me, now" and Tomura does, without the slightest bit of hesitation and without even questioning what he's seeing. Like. It's the way four little words can make you instantly nauseous bc of the far reaching implications they have for this dynamic.
So like. AFO is a “bad” villain in their eyes because acknowledging his worst acts of evil means you’ve gotta acknowledge exactly what he’s been doing to Tomura this whole time— and everything just sort of falls apart from there.
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corvidaedream · 10 months
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my stupid old cat (affectionate) got an ear infection that caused some hair loss on her ears and head, and then, in the days between calling the vet & the actual appointment, appears to have sunburned her little bald ears by sitting in the sunny spot in the window too much
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blackwaxidol · 1 month
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Had a shallow sleep for two hours... It is 5am and blackbirds are singing now...
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longhaulerbear · 2 years
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Several opportunistic infections were reported in COVID-19 patients, including Aspergillus spp., Candida spp., Cryptococcus neoformans, Pneumocystis jiroveci (carinii), mucormycosis, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Herpes simplex virus (HSV), Strongyloides stercoralis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Toxoplasma gondii. ...[these] have been reported from patients who received immunosuppressive therapy for their underlying diseases, such as IBD, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) Among the opportunistic infections, fungal infections account for the most case reports in COVID-19 patients. Other reported pathogens were related to viral, bacterial, protozoa, and helminth infections Candida spp. is the second most numerous fungal infection worldwide [23]. The fungi are normally living on the skin, as well as inside the body, such as the throat, mouth, gut, and vagina. Oropharyngeal candidiasis is one of the most common infections in immunocompromised people, such as HIV/AIDS. Invasive candidiasis and candidemia are a serious and common infection in hospitalized patients C. albicans is the most common Candida species; however, the emerging species such as C. auris is a highly invasive and multidrug-resistant yeast causing complicated conditions [43, 44]. COVID-19-associated candidiasis (CAC) has been reported in a number of cases until now [43], and C. auris was the most reported species [43, 45,46,47,48]. Other reported Candida species were C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. glabrata among COVID-19 patients The diagnosis of invasive candidiasis remains challenging, mainly due to the low number of Candida in infected tissues or circulation [43]. Serologic tests with β-D-Glucan (BDG) and mannan antigen as well as molecular platforms are recommended tests for diagnosis of candidiasis [52,53,54]. In COVID-19 patients, the treatment of invasive candidiasis is similar to that of non-COVID-19 patients [43]. Echinocandins that are usually well tolerated are the choice drugs for invasive candidiasis, while voriconazole, fluconazole, liposomal amphotericin B, posaconazolem, and isavuconazole are the second line of treatment [43]. Early diagnosis and treatment of CAC are important for management of the disease; however, multidrug-resistant species are a major challenge for CAC management. Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated yeast that causes subclinical infection in immunocompetent individuals. Humans can become infected by breathing fungal spores, and so, pulmonary infection is the major form of the disease. Pneumocystis jirovecii is another common respiratory opportunistic pathogen in individuals with immunocompromising conditions, which causes pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP). PCP spreads from person to person through the air. Some healthy adults have the fungus in their lungs asymptomatically, and they can spread the infection to other individuals. The choice treatment for PCP is trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX), which also known as co-trimoxazole The results have shown that the most common pathogens causing respiratory coinfections were Staphylococcus aureus and Haemophilus influenzae Respiratory viral pathogens, including Influenza, Parainfluenza, Metapneumovirus, and Rhinovirus, were reported among COVID-19 patients in different studies [120,121,122]. However, some infections such as CMV and HSV are opportunistic pathogens that could reactivate after immunosuppression. CMV is a latent infection in immunocompetent individuals. The seroprevalence rate of CMV accounts about 80% in the elderly. CMV has been shown to manipulate the immune system by affecting T cell proliferation, decreasing in naïve T cell diversity, and increasing inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-6), leading to aging of the immune system (also called immunosenescence) [123, 124]. CMV infection has several sequels, mainly retinitis, pneumonitis, encephalitis/myelitis, neuropsychiatric disorder, and intrauterine infection [125,126,127]. Ganciclovir is an effective treatment option for CMV infection, especially for immunosuppressed individuals Parasitic protozoa are a large group of unicellular pathogens, including blood and tissue protozoa (e.g., malaria, Leishmania, Toxoplasma, Trypanosoma, etc.) and intestinal and luminal protozoa (e.g., Entamoeba, Giardia, Cryptosporidium, Cyclospora, Blastocystis, Trichomonas vaginalis, etc.) [147]. However, intestinal protozoa and toxoplasmosis are an important opportunistic infections because their infections are usually latent or asymptomatic in healthy individuals, but severe infections could occur in immunocompromised patients Intestinal protozoa can modulate immune responses through their direct interaction with host cells or by changing the gut microbiome composition [147]. To date, scarce information is available regarding the interaction of intestinal protozoa and COVID-19. Hence, there is an opportunity for researchers to investigate about the interaction of intestinal protozoa and COVID-19 in the clinical setting and experimental models. Nevertheless, opportunistic protozoa infection should not be neglected among COVID-19 patients. Like the latent CMV infection, toxoplasmosis is a latent infection in immunocompetent individuals, but reactivation of latent toxoplasmosis or acquired toxoplasmosis among immunocompromised patients can cause severe infections with various sequels, such as toxoplasmic encephalitis, disseminated infections, and death [150,151,152,153]. Combination of pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine is the choice drug for toxoplasmosis treatment among nonpregnant women
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yamameta-inc · 4 months
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it is horrific what we’re allowing to happen to children right now. if covid causes cognitive dysfunction and decline in adult brains, what impact will it have on small brains that are still developing? many children who are too young to even be vaccinated are catching covid, as well as a whole host of other opportunistic infections. children can get, are getting, long covid. children aren’t sick often because it’s “normal” or “good” for them—they’re sick often because they’re more vulnerable than adults.
children have no choice but to be sent to schools where they get sick again and again. they don’t have the ability to distance themselves from their parents and establish boundaries, they’re entirely reliant on their carers. if their parents do not believe in covid prevention, they have no means to protect themselves. they don’t have the ability to consent to what is happening to their health.
schools are not just allowing children who are sick to attend class anyway, they’re borderline mandating it. schools as an institution care more about meaningless attendance records than about students’ wellbeing. the classroom is an environment where all factors incentivize students coming to school sick.
there are horrific accounts from parents about kids being sick 24/7, never having energy, struggling with schoolwork. there are horrific accounts from teachers about their young students being different these days, unable to handle the usual schoolwork, showing signs of that classic covid “brainfog.” i’ve seen evidence of schools making their tests and criteria much easier in order to maintain an acceptable pass rate instead of addressing the actual core problem in the slightest.
i often think about a comment i read once about how someone knew it was fucked when no change happened after sandy hook, when the US decided and enshrined the fact that children were acceptable sacrifices. this is how it feels. this isn’t just about the US though. children are getting reinfected with covid again and again worldwide. this is about the entire next generation.
they didn’t choose any of this. they have no power to stop this whatsoever. none of us consented to this, obviously, but children most of all. most of them don’t even have any idea what’s happening to them, and won’t for years.
there needs to be a push for schools to adopt better covid prevention measures, like better ventilation and air filtration. but even more crucial, and much more difficult, is to do away with the ideology at the core of how schools are designed. just like how workers deserve sick leave, children need to be able to stay home when sick. no jumping through hoops for a doctor’s note to be accepted, no strict time limit. schools obviously know that 1 student staying home sick is less disruptive than 20 students being sick and unable to do their schoolwork. they know the math, but they aren’t after efficiency. just like companies know that happier workers are more productive. that’s not the point. it’s more obvious than ever what is choking our societies to death on every level.
i’ve seen university unions who’ve won teachers the right to demand masking in their lessons, the right to have air filters installed in their classrooms. the same needs to happen for K12 schools, especially since young children can’t advocate for themselves. parents could theoretically wield a lot of influence as well—but let’s face it, most are uninterested in or actively hostile to the idea of better air for their children. efforts to combat this need to be organized, sustained, and coordinated.
imagine how current children will feel once they grow up and look back and realize that their health was compromised before they even learned to speak, that they were born into a sick world, that they were born to be sick, not inevitably but because people preferred things this way.
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swanpyart · 2 months
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I love how literally every version of the Princess could be interpreted as a piece of the Shifting Mound and, no matter how weird our relationship with her gets, it’s still applicable to our relationship with her as a whole.
Smitten and Damsel show how the Long Quiet and the Shifting Mound are star crossed lovers.
Skeptic and Prisoner reflect their inability to escape without working together. They are both Prisoners, even if only one is wearing a shackle.
Hunted and Beast present them both as archaic forces of nature that must change and adapt. As death, Beast is an offensive predator, and as life, Hunted is defensive prey.
Stubborn and Adversary demonstrate that the two gods are true equals in every sense, and that death means nothing to them in the end as long as they have each other.
Cheated and Razor show how conflict is in their nature, and that no matter how much violence the Shifting Mound dishes out, the Long Quiet is always strong enough to stand against her.
Broken and Tower show the contrast of Shifty’s embrace of her godhood vs the internal conflict of the Long Quiet, as well as the desire to embrace her for everything she is regardless of her flaws. Perhaps, in a twisted way, Broken shows an embrace of our godhood as a whole…
Cold and Spectre demonstrate the dynamic set by the Construct: a killer and his victim, as well as showing the true power of the Long Quiet, and showing that, underneath the struggle and conflict, LQ could end this all disturbingly quickly if convinced to.
Paranoid and Nightmare show the fear that infects the dynamic of the two gods, like Paranoid’s fear of the Nightmare and the Nightmare’s fear of sharing her heart, along with the desire to know the other but the inability to do so organically.
Opportunist and Witch, like Stubborn and Adversary, show the equality of their relationship, but rather than one built out of mutual respect, its mutual animosity fostered by the artificial tension of the construct. It’s the opposite of Skeptic and Prisoner, as, rather than realizing they can escape together through mutual trust, they both try to win against the other when it’s not a winning game.
Contrarian and Stranger show the inherent contradictions in the Gods’ natures; like Shifty says, aspects of who they are contradict themselves, and nothing can exist without contrast and change.
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phoenixonwheels · 6 months
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[ID: Tweet and response: Xabier Ostale @xabitron1 11/23/23 “The "official experts" are downplaying and minimizing what is happening with pneumoniae around the world. They say ‘it's just a bacterium’. But... it's precisely that a common bacterium is causing such a surge of pneumoniae worldwide that is concerning.”Stephanie Tait ♿️ @StephataitWrites “When the first researchers started to propose that Covid would cause AIDS like immune dysfunction, one of the main pushbacks was that since Covid had infected most of the population, we should be seeing surges of opportunistic infections & bacterial pneumoniae if that was true.”]
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great-and-small · 9 months
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is the horses eat birds thing true? What are other weird things about horses we don’t know every fact I learn about them is weird
Like many other herbivores, horses are not as strict about the “only plants” thing as you might think. Though it’s exceedingly rare (but not unheard of) for horses to purposefully hunt and kill birds, they’re not above opportunistically munching on a little bird here and there if it gets in the way of grazing. Calories are calories!
There are so many weird things about horses. My favorites are going to be related to anatomy and physiology because equine medicine is crazy. Here are my top picks
- Horses (like rabbits) are obligate nasal breathers and cannot breathe through their mouth. This means a super congested nose can kill them, and nasal surgery on horses is really scary because post op swelling can become fatal if you’re not careful
- Horses have a callus thing about halfway up the leg called a chestnut or night eye (everything in horse anatomy has several weird names like that). This callus is believed to be a vestigial toe
-Horses have a structure called the guttural pouch that is basically paired sacs of air nestled inside the head likely to help with thermoregulation. Only problem is that pretty much every vital structure in the head (veins, arteries, nerves) pass through these sacs, so if something like a fungal infection gets in there it can cause huge problems very quickly
- Every vet student hates the word laminitis. This is a condition involving inflammation of the inner parts of the hoof and if it gets bad enough the hoof actually starts to detach from the bone. Laminitis can be caused by everything from retained placenta to eating particularly lush grass. That’s right- if you allow your horse to feast on a pasture too green, it’s feet might start falling apart 🙃
Despite their rep as horribly designed animals I actually love horses and find their physiology fascinating. Any animal that has evolved to do one specific thing really, really well (in their case running) will have some little quirks of their biology as a result.
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rebeccathenaturalist · 4 months
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THIS IS SO COOL! So animals can get fungal infections, as can plants and even other fungi. We've seen fungi like Cordyceps produce fruiting bodies on insect hosts postmortem. But this is the first known observation of a fruiting body on a live host! And the frog apparently seemed to be in good health otherwise.
It's likely a situation with an opportunistic spore of Mycena landing in a wound or other small vulnerability on the frog's skin, and since amphibians have to stay wet, the fungus had plenty of water. I'm not sure what it's been consuming since Mycena normally is a decomposer of dead plant tissue; maybe dead skin cells and bacteria?
Before people start leaping to conclusions, this is NOT the start of some sort of zombie apocalypse. Mycena and Cordyceps engage with their hosts in very different ways, and neither are anywhere near related to any fungi that parasitize human hosts and which do not cause any sort of altered mental state of that sort. I find it kind of sad when people have to sci-fi a new scientific discovery in order to find it interesting enough to think about, instead of just appreciating how awesome, weird, and scary nature is all on its own.
Regardless, this is a really spectacular find, and we'll see if any other crop up or whether this was one of those once-in-a-lifetime discoveries.
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soberscientistlife · 26 days
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I'm pro-choice & pro-life.
I'm pro-Barbara who found out at her 20 week anatomy scan that the infant she had been so excited to bring into this world had developed without life sustaining organs. I'm pro-Susan who was sexually assaulted on her way home from work, only to come to the horrific realization that her assailant planted his seed in her when she got a positive pregnancy test result a month later. I'm pro-Theresa who hemorrhaged due to a placental abruption, causing her parents, spouse, and children to have to make the impossible decision on whether to save her or her unborn child. I'm pro-little Cathy who had her innocence ripped away from her by someone she should have been able to trust and her 11 year old body isn't mature enough to bear the consequence of that betrayal. I'm pro-Melissa who's working two jobs just to make ends meet and has to choose between bringing another child into poverty or feeding the children she already has because her spouse walked out on her. (Maybe one of those is a minimum wage job at Hobby Lobby, and she can't afford birth control because her employer went to the Supreme Court to make sure her insurance plan doesn't cover it.) I'm pro-Brittany who realizes that she is in no way financially, emotionally, or physically able to raise a child. I'm pro-Emily who went through IVF, ending up with SIX viable implanted eggs requiring selective reduction in order to ensure the safety of her and a SAFE amount of fetuses. I'm pro-Jessica who is FINALLY getting the strength to get away from her physically abusive spouse only to find out that she is carrying the monster's child. I'm pro-Vanessa who went into her confirmation appointment after YEARS of trying to conceive only to hear silence where there should be a heartbeat. I'm pro-Lindsay who lost her virginity in her sophomore year with a broken condom and now has to choose whether to be a teenage mom or just a teenager. I'm pro-Courtney who just found out she's already 13 weeks along, but the egg never made it out of her fallopian tube so either she terminates the pregnancy or risks dying from internal bleeding and horrific pain. I’m pro-Renee who developed eclampsia and in her third trimester and had to terminate her pregnancy or else she and her much loved baby would die. Also pro-Lorraine who found out two weeks before her due date that her baby’s heart wasn’t beating anymore, and had to be induced so she wouldn’t develop a life threatening infection. You can argue and say that I'm pro-choice all you want, but the truth is: I'm pro-life. Their lives. Women's lives. You don't get to pick and choose which scenarios should be accepted. It's not about which stories you don't agree with. It's about fighting for the women in the stories and the CHOICE that was made for them, by them. Women's rights are meant to protect ALL women, regardless of their situation - or how big their bank account is. Because, let's face it, rich people's daughters and mistresses (yes, even the ones who voted for anti-abortion bills) will always be able to find safe abortions. They did before Roe v Wade. Most poor women will still get abortions too, whether from centuries old, unsafe home methods or from opportunistic untrained, unsafe people. Roe v. Wade didn't create abortion. It ended poor, desperate women and girls dying from them and making decisions about their lives.
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morallyinept · 5 months
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A full character analysis on EZRA from the film PROSPECT.
I've created this as a point of reference when writing for Pedro's characters, and I hope you find it useful. Even if you just want to learn more about the character. 🖤
FULL MASTERLIST OF PEDRO'S CHARACTERS ANALYSED
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FULL CHARACTER STUDY:
Basic Details:
Full Name: Ezra (surname never disclosed)
Nickname(s): None mentioned
Appears in: Prospect, 2018 (voice heard at approx. 22:15, first appearance on screen seen at approx. 23:04)
Age (if known): Unconfirmed in film, however original Prospect script states Ezra to be 45 years old.
Sexuality: Unknown/not confirmed officially in the film. "Opportunistic" as answered later by director Zeek Earl (see bottom of post)
Nationality: Not confirmed. Suspected American - Southern, possibly Louisianian or Texan
Family: Mention of a brother in the deleted scene, unnamed and unconfirmed if older or younger than Ezra
Spouse/Partner: Unknown/not confirmed
Relationship Status: Unknown/not confirmed
Current Living Status: Alive, as answered later by director Zeek Earl (see bottom of post)
Languages Spoken: English, Sater language
Education: Unknown/not confirmed, although judging by how Ezra speaks, it would be prudent to assume he is educated
Occupation:
Job Role/Title: Aurelac Prospector/Miner
Special Skill(s): Mining, self defense, use of firearms, negotiating
Notable Colleague(s): Number Two, Cee
Distinguishing Features:
Tattoo(s): Bullseye tattoo on left hand between thumb and forefinger (Pedro's own)
Piercings: None
Scar(s): Scar under left eye, origin from falling on his face as a kid, as answered later by director Zeek Earl (see bottom of post)
Other Markings: Missing right arm, freckles on neck
Prominent Feature(s): Blonde patch in hairline on right side, facial scruff, moustache, eventual missing right arm
Injuries: Right arm amputated at the transhumeral (above elbow), due to being shot by Cee and the wound becoming infected with spores. Ezra is later stabbed in the coastal margin area of his sternum, slightly left side from centre, by one of the Mercs
Eye Colour: Brown
Hair Colour: Brown, with blonde streak on right side front
Personality:
Traits: Smart, ruthless, cunning
Ezra has a thick Southern accent. He is classified as human and although Earth is not mentioned in Prospect, it could be assumed his heritage is either from Earth, or a planet like it in the Fringe, based on his accent. However, it is never confirmed exactly where Ezra is from.
Ezra's speech is presented as flowery and loquacious, often elaborating or using more words than needed in a sentence. His language has been referred to as 'Sesquipedalian,' 'Shakespearean,' or 'archaic' by movie critics/fans.
Ezra is a Prospector stranded on the Green Moon of Bakroma after he lost his ship in a fight with his fellow Prospector crew over Aurelac, and he is looking for any opportunity to leave. "Can’t say I was pleased to find your mare all black and cockways as she was supposed to be my redemption as well." 
Morally grey, Ezra is presented as a dangerous, charming, unpredictable and uncouth man, who won't hesitate to kill for advantage. When Cee tells him he is a murderer, he simply replies "I am, indeed." This is evidenced when he puts Damon out after he's been shot by Number Two (although, one could argue he did it to stop Damon from suffering), and when he kills the Mercs.
Despite losing his arm, Ezra still maintains his physical strength. He can shoot one-armed with a precision shot, and also manages to subdue the Mercs despite his missing limb.
Ezra's character cycles through the typical 'redemption arc' as he starts out as a would-be villain, and transitions into a character with heroic qualities, such as ensuring Cee's safety and protection, at a detriment to his own.
Fashion/Outfits:
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Outfit 1 - (Most scenes with Ezra) Brown/olive green nuke suit, equipped with helmet and breathing apparatus, leather look gloves, black army style boots, black utility belt, backpack, audio headset and mic.
Outfit 2 - (Amputation scene) Black long-sleeved sweatshirt, grey/cream wide leg soft pants, black socks and appears to wearing some kind of black slip-on slippers, or soft backless plimsolls.
Accessories: Headset mic, gloves, utility belt, filter, breathing tubes, backpack (later traded for a smaller pack), bolt pistol, case of Aurelac, Bitz Bars, Slurry packs. Ezra's tent is equipped with bunks and Aurelac mining paraphernalia.
Weapons Used:
Weapon(s): (Exact weapons pictured below)
Ezra has his own Bolt Pistol.
He also uses a Raylon Crusader Laser Scalpel to kill two Mercs. He uses it to slash the Achilles Heel of the first Merc, and then to stab the throat of the other.
Ezra also uses a Thrower to shoot one of the Mercs.
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Modes of Transport:
Vehicle(s):
Ezra previously had a ship known as a Testing Screamer.
Ezra is a passenger in the Merc's ship when he and Cee leave the moon at the end of the film.
Dialogue:
🗨 See Ezra's full dialogue from the film, including deleted scenes.
Further Character Links (if any):
Check out my Writing For Ezra Guide, Ezra Deleted Scene, Prospect Behind The Scenes, Your Guide To Prospecting On The Green Moon, Prospect Trivia
3D Print your own replica of Ezra's pistol
Director & creator Zeek Earl did a couple of Q&A's on Reddit a few years back around the initial release of the film and it being aired on Netflix. Here are few answers he gave in regards to Ezra specific questions he was asked:
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Reddit Q&A with Zeek Earl & Chris Caldwell - Initial Release
Reddit Q&A with Zeek Earl - Netflix Release
Ezra's initial entrance and description, with his age confirmed as 45, in the original Prospect script:
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FULL MASTERLIST OF PEDRO'S CHARACTERS ANALYSED
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blackbackedjackal · 1 year
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What was the weirdest thing you've worked on taxidermy-wise? It doesn't have to be like an unusual species, but maybe something odd about the anatomy when you first prepped an animal, or finding an odd color morph or something (or maybe a little of everything lol since you're very into like genetics and collecting Weird Bone specimens with wry noses and extra teeth).
One that really sticks with me is the coyote that solidified my interest in doing research on pathologies seen in the species.
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Notice the strange greenish stain on both the jawbone and in the teeth? I'd never seen staining like this before and at this point had been collecting and cleaning some really strange coyotes for a while.
Unless I'm the person who cleans the animal, I'm often missing vital information and clues left in the skin or tissue to figure out what caused a certain abnormality. I'm careful about cleaning every animal separately, all the while taking notes of any initial strange things I see during the cleaning process. Before the skull was clean enough to me to notice the green staining, I did see some pitch black stains where the bullet I assumed had killed the animal was stuck in the tissue. Not an uncommon thing as I'd seen that kind of staining before. These are typically perimortem injuries, around the time of death, so the injury shows no obvious signs of healing. The bullet or fragments of it break off in the tissue when the animal is killed and will still be left in the tissue by the time I get to work. Lead-based ones can stain the bones a dark color while soaking and typically whitens up after being process, but this one didn't.
Not only were the teeth this strange green color, but the surrounding bone had a lot of heavy bloodstaining. This is typically caused from brute force impact injuries, like animals hit by cars but are alive for at least several minutes after being hit. It's usually related to bruising, but in some cases is also be seen in areas where the bone or tissue around the bone is infected. It's these dark pink spots around the orbit and jaw.
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I saw where the bullet had struck the animal, but before it was clean assumed this was the bullet that killed the coyote. It's not uncommon for trappers or hunters to shoot animals in the head to kill the animal quickly but there was no bullet hole in the cranium. There was however, a fragment of the bullet lodged in the right body of the maxilla, right in where the marrow and some blood vessels that supply blood to the jaw and teeth were.
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This wasn't what killed the coyote. The fragment was lodged in living tissue, long enough that the coyote was suffering from lead poisoning. here's another angle where you can see where the fragment was lodged and how bad the stain was near the point of contact.
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In typical Americans hate coyotes form, someone had shot at this coyote at least several weeks before the coyote was killed. Could have been a missed shot and the coyote escaped, but people are extremely cruel and disrespectful to the species, and will shoot at them to haze and injure them, but not kill them. Injuries and infections like this will greatly effect the coyote's ability to hunt, so that can cause them to become "problem" coyotes. They're too sick or injured to hunt wild animals effectively, and will be more prone to scavenging or opportunistic behaviors like attacking outdoor pets or farm animals. Again, I can't determine why the animal was shot to begin with, but I do know why it was killed several weeks later. It was sick, injured, and probably acting really strange. At that point the coyote being killed was blessing, as it would have suffered for weeks before succumbing to it's injures and infection.
When I buy an already cleaned/partially cleaned skull online, I have to work in reverse to identify potential causes of the pathologies I see. Many sellers won't take note of any shards or fragments or foreign objects in the tissue while cleaning. I often loose important clues as to the exact cause of the abnormality. When I clean them myself, I make sure to save everything I find in the tissue and take notes. That way I can refer back to them when I find strange things like this.
Though it greatly saddens me to see any animal suffer in such a way, I know it's important work because it gives me solid information I can use to educate others about coyotes. This skull was sitting in this person's freezer for at least a year or so before I happened to get it in a bulk lot of raw skulls I purchased to clean for sales and for research. It's been invaluable already as it's one of the skulls I cite a lot when doing public education and getting the people I get coyotes from thinking more critically about the species. Many of the taxidermists, hunters farmers, trappers, etc. I work with are very interested in the research we're doing, and like to know the stories of the ones they've crossed paths with. Many of them have stopped hunting coyotes in reckless ways, and no longer view them as pests. In fact, one guy I get coyotes from went from killing maybe 5 or so a month before he met me, to about 5 every 6 months. He no longer views them as pests and pays attention to their behaviors much more closely. He now culls ones he notices are sick/injured on his camera traps or ones that are actively bothering or killing his livestock. He's had far less issues with his local coyotes overall by listening to the advice I've given him, and donates the ones he does take for our group's research. It's a win for everyone, less coyotes are killed indiscriminately, we get coyotes for research that are sourced responsibly and sustainably, and not only is he interested in our research, but he shares the information with his family and neighbors so they spread the information and have really changed the culture of how they feel about the animals and wildlife around them. It's really awesome to see.
Sorry that got into a little ramble but it's the weird animals that have really made such a huge impact on me and the people around me. I'm glad that even in death they can be used as ways to educate others and essentially "save" some of their living relatives. My goal is conservation, preservation, and education about the species, and working with pathological specimens is a big part of that c:
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charismabee · 5 months
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Thinking about the Hunted and the Paranoid They'd be such a force to be reckoned with if one of the others got hurt (assuming separate bodies for my convenience). They'd both immediately be in protective mode because a) injured member of the flock, susceptible to preditors, must protect until healed and b) if its not properly treated it might get worse, it might get infected and then they'll die and a piece of the group will be lost and then they'll all start dying and everything will be terrible forever.
So whoever is injured is dragged to the nest or whatever place is currently safest to be fussed over by the Paranoid while the Hunted watches over them. I can see the Hunted being like 'I'll protect you' and sitting on top of them, covering their body like an overprotective blanket while Paranoid worries over them being crushed or suffocated by the protective cuddle. They're fine Hunted is like 90% fluff and feathers. Not that heavy, perfect blanket. Everyone who isn't injured has to avoid them because Hunted will lash out if you get too close to the injured person he's protecting, abs then they get stuck in there with the injured person because they've been scratched.
I can see the others reacting in a variety if different ways to this.
Hero, Broken, Opportunist, and Smitten would probably enjoy the attention.
Hero a bit more bashful and grateful for the help even if its excessive which it probably is.
Broken being a mix of shocked that anyone would be nice to him and mopey about how he doesn't deserve it and what's the point in helping him. He's just going to get hurt again later anyway.
Opportunist takes the opportunity (ha) to get attention and affection and conformation that everyone likes him because let's be honest with ourselves he may act cocky but that man is desperate.
Smitten is a weird one. He's the type to be all 'these five stab wounds are nothing in the face of my dedication and love', but he probably loves being taken care of. He would prefer if it was the princess though.
Cold and Skeptic would just put up with it.
Cold doesn't care enough to stop them, though he will tell them that he's fine and they're being stupid and his broken arm isn't a problem, pain isn't a bad thing, they don't believe that and Paranoid tries yet again to explain to him why pain is bad.
Skeptic knows it's excessive but he also knows it'll soothe their worries if he lets them confine him to the nest for a week. He can do his philosophy in there it isn't a huge deal for him. He gets to pester them about the inner workings of their minds while he's there too, enrichment.
Cheated, Contrarian, and Stubborn would complain the whole time.
Cheated would so be a whiner about the whole thing. He hates being hurt, and he hates being taken care of even more. It's like an admission that whatever hurt him won. Which it didn't. He'd be even more upset if they didn't fuss over him though because that wouldn't be fair.
Contrarian would hate being stuck in one place for an extended period of time. Just knowing he's not allowed to leave makes him want to really bad, plus he gets bored easy and Hunted keeps puffing up and hissing at everyone until they leave so he can ensure Contrarian is safe so he only has these two worryworts to talk to and they're no fun to wind up because they're too busy fussing to react to his japes and such.
Stubborn would hate being seen as weak. He doesn't need to be protected or patched up, he's stronger than that. They'd still get him to let them do it, but like the Skeptic it's only for their piece of mind. He still complains the whole time.
Hunted would hate being injured and having Paranoid fuss over him. He doesn't like staying still. He'd probably sit through it though because he's objective enough to understand that if injured he does need to heal. After all, how will he evade preditors if injured?
Paranoid I could see appreciating the Hunted watching over him. He'd patch himself up tho, no one is getting near him while he's hurt, Hunted helps keep everyone else away though so it works.
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