Why oil prices are falling
Essay学霸团队今天给大家带来一篇经济essay代写范文,《油价为何下跌》(E.L.,2014)一文将油价下跌40%归因于四个原因:需求减少、伊拉克和利比亚的持续产出、美国进口减少导致全球供应增加以及沙特及其海湾盟国选择不减少石油产量。据加拿大政府称,加拿大是世界第四大石油生产国和出口国(加拿大自然资源部,2020年)。它占全球产量的5%,占全球出口的7%。2018年出口370万桶/天,进口60万桶/天,出口量是进口量的6倍。由于加拿大与中东国家一样是一个主要的石油出口国,油价大幅下跌最有可能对加拿大经济产生负面影响,因为出口利润减少的负面影响将部分抵消这种积极影响。
The article “Why the oil price is falling” (E.L., 2014) attributed the 40% oil price drop to four reasons: less demand, constant output from Iraq and Libya, more global supply caused by the US importing less and the fact that the Saudis and their Gulf allies chose not to reduce oil production. According to the Canadian Government, Canada is the world’s fourth largest oil producer and exporter (Natural resources Canada, 2020). It contributes to 5% of global production and 7% of global exports. In 2018, it exported 3.7MMb/d and only imported 0.6MMb/d. Its exports are 6 times its imports. Since Canada is a major oil-exporting country like those in the Middle East, the most likely effect of a large oil price decrease would be negative to the Canadian economy since the positive effect would be partially negated by the negative effect of reduced profits from exports.
Since the reason of the price drop is exogenous and Canada is a price taker in this case, Canada is not able to change the price by changing domestic supply or demand. With cheaper price, it could import more oil with the same amount of money as raw materials for manufacturing, automobile or other general use. Oil demand would rise. With cheaper production inputs, manufacturing companies could boost production and make more profits, which is good for the Canadian economy. Consumers could also benefit from cheaper gas. Given that most Canadians own cars, the accumulative positive effects of price drop could be huge. Increased oil demand would also stimulate the economy. However, on the other hand, this would be bad news for Canadian oil drilling companies that are involved in expensive oil extractions projects. Also, the financial industry might be hurt given many investors would expect the oil price to rise and bet on oil futures. The negative effect is expected to be more severe than the positive effects given that the “riskiest and most vulnerable bits of the oil industry” is present in Canada as oil production industry is a major one in Canada.
As a result, the Canadian central bank should resort to certain monetary policies to weaken the negative effects on the large oil drilling companies. It could slightly decrease short-term interest rate, or, if the economy is hurt, it could change money supply by decreasing the required reserve ratio.
Reference:
1. E.L. (2014). Why the oil price is falling. The Economist.
2. Natural Resources Canada. (2020). Crude oil facts. Government of Canada. https://www.nrcan.gc.ca/science-data/data-analysis/energy-data-analysis/energy-facts/crude-oil-facts/20064
Essay学霸留学教育原创版权郑重声明:原创优秀代写范文源自编辑创作,未经官方许可,网站谢绝转载。对于侵权行为,未经同意的情况下,Essay学霸有权追究法律责任。主要业务有essay代写、assignment代写、paper代写、作业代写、论文代写服务。
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Three Squirrels Will Enter the American Market in Winter 2017
给大家推荐一篇优秀的代写Essay范文-- Three Squirrels Will Enter the American Market in Winter 2017。
Recently, an exciting news spread to people and spread wildly among people. That is, the famous Chinese snack brand "Three Squirrels" will enter the American market in the winter of 2017. This means that most Americans will have the opportunity to taste and taste the famous and delicious snacks produced by Chinese companies.
Three Squirrels is a famous snack brand in China. Three Squirrels Co., Ltd. was established in 2012. It is the first company in China to position a pure Internet food brand. It is also China’s largest supplier of food and electricity, and its sales have increased significantly. Obviously, there is no reason to question the company’s capabilities.
The snacks produced by this company are very delicious. There are various snacks, such as pork jerky, beef jerky, macadamia nuts, pistachios, cashews, sweet potatoes, etc. All these snacks are produced through unique processing technology to meet people’s needs. Therefore, the brand is very successful in the production of snacks. In fact, I believe everyone will be interested in these snacks and try to taste them. I also firmly believe that these snacks will not disappoint us because of their deliciousness!
After the three squirrels enter the U.S. market, it may have a valuable opportunity to obtain more satisfactory results and then achieve long-term development. No one can question that the United States is a place where snacks are popular, and most Americans have high consumption levels. In addition, the "Three Squirrels" itself is very unique. If the company can produce products suitable for locals, it will have more chances of success.
Essay学霸留学教育原创版权郑重声明:原创优秀代写范文源自编辑创作,未经官方许可,网站谢绝转载。对于侵权行为,未经同意的情况下,Essay学霸有权追究法律责任。主要业务有essay代写、assignment代写、paper代写、作业代写、论文代写服务。
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Link Click Musical update 154 Official song lyrics 🎶✨
(part 1, M1-M12)
Huge thanks for @chocolatexiaoshi for providing the text 💖💖💖
M1时空旅行
作曲:Metablue赛博蓝
作词:陈璐
陆 光
每一张旧照片街接两个世界
每一次击掌后你将回到从前
程小时
拍摄的瞬间是穿越的结点
替代他人灵魂化身故事主角
陆 光
我只能预测十二个小时
发生的事件
你必须遵循别人轨迹
别擅自改变
一张照片只能使用一遍
这次回到矛盾爆发的起点
用你视角搜寻十年后秘方为何不见
程小时
就算看不见希望的踪影
真相总是千丝万缕
没理由就此放弃
就让我继续走完她们的结局
或许出现奇迹
陆 光
希望再渺茫奇迹是微光
他的坚持带来转机
找到关键的证据
你我的能力完成时空之旅
信任才是前提
无论过去
不问将来
彼此守护共同进退
M2轨迹
作曲:Metablue赛博蓝
作词:陈璐
陆 光
命运的轨迹
它不偏不倚
你认为的无心之举
都追随它的脚印
人生的轨迹
落下每一步棋
将会出现回应
程小时
脱口而出的言语
陆 光
掀起真相浪花分歧生根发芽
程小时
友情破碎的结局
陆 光
你埋下伏笔等分裂降临
程小时
因果循环的定律
陆 光
而我预知未来却无法洞悉
合
命运策划的轨迹
陆光代理人的枷锁
是在回忆中去相遇
亲身经历一段感情
然后冷静抽身离去
这轨迹困住我
我知道剧情早注定
这轨迹困住我
可是我还想保护……
M3你可算了吧 (You can forget about it aka 'sofa song')
作曲:Metablue赛博蓝
作词:陈璐
乔 苓
你霸占我家十五年不走
今天算��账别找理由
一日三���房租水电煤气费
你开车也是我加油
为你打理相馆我全年无休
受欺负靠我出头
还钱走人
既往不咎
否则与你誓死不休
友情算了吧
你我也算了吧
凭什么我要倒贴一切来当你的管家
友情算了吧
你我也算了吧
要不是我爸同意
你怎会留在这里
oh收拾行李搬家出去
光光你让一下,别溅你一脸血。
程小时
我是时光相馆的看门狗
在食物链下层游走
一个算盘打得精的老友
免费打工完成委托
房租就当丢根骨头
另一个冷漠无情新的朋友
时光代理人靠配合
只是霸凌我的噱头
你们算了吧
友情都算了吧
把我逼急了土狗也变狼狗
你们算了吧
友情都算了吧
我疯起来对自己下狠手
Oh算了吧友情都算了吧
干脆我原地上吊立刻动手
房子变凶宅死也不走
陆 光
以毒攻毒的小把戏
朋友间足够了解才能算计
时常上演决裂的闹剧
有反派才能齐心
朋友吵闹该如何解题
用狠话引起在意就是谜底
朋友的账单该要如何算清
付出总无法定义
算了吧
陪两个傻瓜玩游戏
程小时
那就算了吧
宽容是我人格魅力
乔 苓
只能算了吧
我发脾气就当你偿还利息
苓/时
不如算了吧
别再算来算去
陆 光
最佳损友是最坚固的关系
苓/时
不如算了吧
程小时
互相嫌弃但别人无可代替
苓/光
不如算了吧
乔 苓
账本翻到底
时光相馆没我不行
合
不如算了吧
M4友情的信仰 (Friendship's Faith)
作曲:Metablue赛博蓝
作词:陈璐
程小时
初次见面不太顺眼
白头发精神小伙
难道崇拜我灌篮动作
陆 光
球场上成群结队
落单只有他和我
勉强切磋
程小时
看我反手跳投上篮
陆 光
看我后撤转身抢断
程小时
你作弊
陆 光
别着急
刚才是练习
时/光
篮球的灵魂是配合
我防守你突破
比分是结果而信任是收获
让信仰带着光
信任交给朋友
绝不放弃每次伙伴的期待
陆 光
此刻回忆照进现实
他将梦想放你肩上
角色互换该如何抉择
程小时
你伸手拉我走出孤立无援
借你的光替我照亮了方向
绝境中传递信任携手进退
别放弃朋友期待成为信仰
是你忘了还是我抛弃承诺
就让我上场去守护他梦想
陆光
初遇浮现 友情点燃
约定回响 你我信仰
从未遗忘 陪你共同进退
光/时
篮球的灵魂是配合
我防守你突破
比分是结果而信任是收获
让信仰带着光
信任交给朋友
绝不放弃每次伙伴的期待
M5回到过去 (aka 'sad cxs solo')
作曲:Metablue赛博蓝
作词:陈璐
程小时
恐惧自责袭卷交错
无助彷徨吞噬着我
曾以为并不会失去你
现在我该如何去哪里
当丢失你讯息中断联络频率才看透改写赛局覆盖原本轨迹
你提醒过我误解了怨你冷漠全都怪我害你坠落时空漩涡
程小时
看不清听不见抓不住找不到你身影猜不透道不破想不明画不出你痕迹
哪个时空有你行踪
会不会你彻底被抹去消失不见
只要能挽救我一定不顾一切
难道非要回拨指针
回到过去时间暂停重来
可无数个过去拼凑所有未来
除非回到最初就算你我没相遇
让时间重来过
我必须要回去拯救你
啊~
只要能挽救我一定不顾一切
M6词不达意 (Words can't convey the love)
作曲:贾义秉
作词:陈璐
程小时
能不能够借几分钟给我
就让这首音乐替我表达
原谅我情绪太复杂
如果词不达意的话
请自行归纳
其实重点也就四个字吧
首尾两个就是我和你呀
中间两字加起来一共十八个笔画
粤语叫作钟意啊
陆光
哪那么多废话?
程小时
这句话埋在我心底已经数个春夏
就像是永不结疤的伤疤
此刻我心扉对你敞开
不必感到负担
拒绝好过遗憾
陆 光
说重点
我喜
程小时
喜喜
陆 光
喜欢
程小时
洗衣做饭
其实我
陆光
喜
程小时
喜喜
陆 光
喜欢
程小时
你今天的穿衣打扮
喜喜喜喜欢
四个字我怎么连起来却说不出口
时/光
词不达意忐忑不定心跳的频率
程小时
我该如何向你表明少年的心意
陆 光
闭上眼睛用心聆听
时/光
所有的惋惜都化作勇气
程小时
大声告诉你 我——
陆 光
我喜欢你这四个字这么难说吗?
M7 俗话说 (As the saying goes)
作曲:贾义秉
作词:陈璐
陈潇妈
老子从来和你讲道理你懒求得听
那些为你好的话你娃当你妈念经
你要不是老子亲生的哪个吃饱了才管你
喊你平时多读一点书硬是搞得像要命
不晓得你脑壳头装的是啥子
早晓得生儿子老子单身一辈子
攒劲学习考个第一是为你个人努力
篮球摄影没得出息将来你只能种地
程小时
hold on,hold on,这么玩是吧
battle我可没怕过谁
望子成龙是种包装掌控欲是爱的假象
听话才获得褒奖无视孩子心中理想
陈潇妈
出人头地才算理想,不务正业那叫妄想
成绩是唯一方向
再打篮球我打你两巴掌
程小时
别再白费口舌谁的人生谁负责
成功不用钱来衡量我的未来不是你的战场
陈潇妈
别再油嘴滑舌 你的人生我负责
我吃的盐比你吃的米都多!陈潇你给我听好!
俗话说听人劝少走弯路
能够避免风吹和雨打
听妈的话
程小时
俗话说每条路条条大路通罗马
命运自有章法
别让他绑架
陈潇妈
俗话说要享福先吞下学习的苦
未来才能享福
苦尽甘来
程小时
俗话说任他说
每个人的幸福都有自己走的路
我要走不一样的路
没得到命运眷顾亲情上缺乏感触
陈词滥调的俗话原来也会如此丰富
好庆幸这次任务是命运给的礼物
体会了斗嘴也算感受过妈妈给的温度
M8使命的枷锁
作曲:贾义秉
作词:陈璐
程小时
危险 潜藏暗处的危险
时间 迫在眉睫的时间
结点 我必须赶在死神降临之前帮助他们脱险陆 光 危险 只是历史在重演
时间 都已完结的从前
结点 死亡是你预知未来也无法去撼动的结点
陆 光
放手吧 别忘记你我背负的使命
接受吧 别留恋全都是过去宿命
程小时
放手 怎能甘心就放手
接受 绝不向命运低头
过去 明明他们就在这里让我感同身受怎么会是过去
陆 光
死亡 无法跨越的距离
命运 不容你还手抗拒
轨迹 如果他们活着就会有别人代替死去
程小时
谁该死去 都是无辜的生命
谁该侥幸 你凭什么去安排结局
陆 光
无奈的使命 共情后却要抽离
穿越的能力 到底是惩罚还是奖励
时/光
代理人的枷锁是在回忆中去相遇
亲身经历一段感情 然后冷静抽身离去
程小时
这枷锁绑住我
我知道不能再挣脱
这枷锁绑住我
可是我还想保护她
至少能保护她一个
M9给妈妈的信
作曲:余婧
作词:陈璐
程小时
我记得你饭菜的味道
我知道你也不想唠叨
那些你数落的话还在耳边
怎么温情的画面转眼不见
看你皱眉想起她的眼尾
若有机会也想和她斗嘴
明明这些年早已学会习惯
藏起她背影别让思念试探
想要写封信怪她
怎么说话不算话
我一直听话相馆又没搬家
再不出现忘记你啦
我记得你唱过的童谣
不重要童年不算难熬
只是偶尔也羡慕别的伙伴
不过有那么几回掉过眼泪
想要写封信问她
地址是梦境对吗
如果你听见梦里等你回话
不说话就当你答应啦
我在等你
小时妈
月亮别睡小宝贝他怕黑
拍怕你的背别流泪
星星别睡替我看看宝贝
妈妈抱抱你别皱眉
妈妈在梦里别怕黑
M10分裂时光
作曲:Metablue 赛博蓝
作词:陈璐
陆 光
看着你的我 失魂落魄 无可又奈何
可笑的我委屈难说 谎言已被戳破
一句散伙切割你我过往全部褪色
聚散别离 苦果也是结果
假如重来过 任你犯错 改写别人生活
袖手旁观 等你闯祸 此刻你会如何
怪我该提醒却隐瞒忽略了
妄想操纵委托
情绪教唆信任被挑拨
门外灯光暗了 进退别无选择
失望携手苦涩也怂恿着我
门内时间定格背叛在煽风点火
时光拉扯 倔强的你 自负的我
这规则困住你我 越坚守越是坠落
注定的宿命结果 不是你我能够逆转的
跨越着两个时空 命运这无情铁笼
过去与现在纠葛无法逃脱
黑夜与白昼交手就像你我
门外灯光暗了 门内时间定格
沉默携手夜色从眼前擦过
规则的守护者 插手博弈也是我
时光拉扯 倔强的你 自负的我
无论过去 不问将来 输了
M11尼克和马修 (Nick and Matthew) eng transl here
作曲:余婧
作词:陈璐
乔 苓
七岁那年遇见一个倒霉朋友
我的笑料都来自他出丑
没穿过耐克 自己画个倒钩
羡慕同学有爸妈开车接送
他吹牛家里游艇正在维修
这个蠢货幻想有两个朋友
一个叫尼克另一个叫马修
还以为是他国外的笔友
所谓的朋友全都是他虚构
说尼克是狮子马修是条狗
用秘密威胁他做我朋友
却提了个要求
家长会
我爸装他大舅
尼克马修其实是孤独的魔咒
若有人陪伴谁会如此荒谬
所有的情绪靠幻想找个出口
喜怒哀愁和故事书去交流
自我欺骗才能排解烦忧
这个倒霉蛋我认识十五年之久
你是除了我以外他唯一的朋友
看过了彼此的伤口应该更宽容
别被情绪左右一起向前走
如果我是尼克你来做马修
他渴望的两个朋友 你和我送他拥有尼克和马修他童年的缺口
填补了他的梦你我别放手
尼克和马修吹过最离谱的牛
能不能和我一起将他心愿保留
M12底牌 (Trump card? aka 'Rock paper scissors song')
作曲:Metablue赛博蓝/余婧
作词:陈璐
程小时
石头剪刀出布就拉倒 你的底牌就这一招
陆 光
摆烂自闭冷战绝交 你底牌也很无聊
程小时
论阴阳怪气你第二没人第一
陆 光
翻旧帐你第一oh 别谦虚
程小时
既然没诚意就和好暂停
毒舌古板装酷傲娇顶着扑克脸看谁都像没还你钱
陆 光
幼稚抠门冲动愚蠢相馆没倒闭是奇迹
程小时
失败就怪我成功的全都归你
下次穿越你自己搞定
陆 光
说到底这才是你的底气 合二为一是前提
时/光
揭开底牌
契约绑定不可分离
彼此能力要共赢
陆 光
我预知未来
程小时
我穿越回去
时/光
若命运洗牌新的能力
新的伙伴到来
或许不如你
这样想来你勉强可以
程小时
旧帐算一遍
我只是在意不被认可
我们协作
不甘心我总是闯祸
陆 光
旧帐都翻篇
也怪我从前主导太多
放眼未来不计前嫌
时/光
揭开底牌
契约绑定不可分离
彼此信任是唯一
别回望过去
别在意将来
用你我能力无所畏惧
新的挑战到来
我终于明白
朋友才是最后的底牌
Okay there are 2 more songs, I'll add them in a reblog. If any brave soul wants the full script in one document, for translation convenience, let me know and I'll send it to you :*
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How God Is Seen Through the Golden Section The First Academy
Essay学霸团队今天给各位留学生带来一篇英语essay代写范文,内容讲的是黄金分割是在许多植物中观察到的一种有趣的自然现象。人类在建筑中也经常使用黄金分割。然而,没有多少人想知道黄金分割和基督教之间的关系。本文旨在探讨黄金分割与上帝的关系。本文以《圣经》中建筑、植物和人体的黄金分割为例,论证黄金分割是上帝的创造,通过植物、人体和建筑的黄金分割可以看到上帝。它建议人类应该保持谦虚,与自然和谐相处。人类也应该通过反省自己来欣赏上帝的爱。上帝是万物的创造者,人类的建筑只是模仿上帝。
Author’s Note
This paper was prepared in fulfillment of the senior thesis graduation requirement under the guidance of Mr. Neil Harrison, Mrs. Susie Taylor, and Dr. Scott Tornges.
Abstract
The golden section is an interesting natural phenomenon that is observed in many plants. Human beings have also used golden section frequently in architecture. However, not many people have wondered about the relationship between golden section and Christianity. This paper aims to find out the connections between the golden section and God. Using biblical references and examples of golden section in architecture, plants and the human body, this paper tries to prove that golden section is the creation of God, and God can be seen through the golden section in plants, the human body, and architecture. It suggests that human beings should remain humble and live in harmony with nature. Humans should also appreciate the love of god by reflecting on themselves. God is the creator of everything and the architecture of humans is only imitation of God.
Zhiyi Zhou
4th Period English / 5th Period Apologetics
30th Jan 2020
How God Is Seen Through the Golden Section?
The golden section is also known as the golden ratio, its value is roughly 0.618. The golden section is common in people’s lives and objects designed by the golden ratio are often appealing to the viewer. More than 2,500 years ago, Pythagoras, a famous mathematician in ancient Greece, was the first person recorded to discover the golden section. During the Renaissance, the famous Italian painter, artist and scientist Leonardo da Vinci named this proportional relationship as the "golden section" and it is still in use today (Dolly, 2009). Teenagers in China believe that The Golden Section was created by an unknown mathematician in ancient times. However, there is no book that proves The Golden Section was invented by human. People all over the world considers that The Golden Section as a nature phenomenon. Nevertheless, it is impossible to have so many coincidences. The golden section is a familiar mathematical relationship, but its meaning is not so simple. If it was discovered and not invented by human beings, then who invented it in the first place? I believe that God is the creator of everything and controls them to make world a more beautiful place. God can be seen through the golden section in plants, the human body, and architecture.
First, God can be seen through golden section in plants. Plant is the source of life for many creatures on earth and an important link of nature. In Genesis 1:12, the land produced vegetation: plants bearing seed according to their kinds and trees bearing fruit with seed in it according to their kinds. And God saw that it was good. According to the description in Genesis, although God created mankind in his own image, mankind belongs to the same world as other creatures in the Garden of Eden. Here the first human ancestors Adam and Eve lived in harmony with the trees and flowers, birds and animals in the garden. They used to be naked and not self-conscious at all, living in harmony with nature. As the creation of God, plants are naturally the design of God. Therefore, the observation of plants will help people appreciate the intentions of God when he first created the plants.
The growth of plants observes the rule of the golden section. The leaves and petals of many plants are arranged from 0.618: 1 in ascending order. They are all designed to maximally receive the sun’s rays, keep ample space for breathing, and are more conducive to receiving moisture from rain. In this way, the plants can grow better. For example, when leaves grow in a new branch, if people look down from the top of the branch, they can see that the leaves are arranged in a pair of spirals, and the distance of the leaves on the spiral line just fits the golden section (Meisner, 2018). Coincidentally, sunflower seeds are also arranged according to a specific logarithmic spiral arc, and their distance on the spiral line also obeys the golden section law (Meisner, 2018). As early as medieval Europe, Fibonacci found that the sequence of plant leaves, petals, and pinecone petals are all close to an approximate value of 0.618. Therefore, the composition of the natural world, the birth of all plants on earth, are inextricably linked to the golden section.
The presence of the golden section in nature is perhaps the way for God to tell people the interconnectedness of living things and the divine laws of creation behind everything. God gives lives for everything on Earth. They are in a particular order which is very complex. According to Geisler: "Any slight deviation in any one of a number of environmental factors would preclude us from even existing. The extent of the universes fine-tuning makes the Anthropic Principle perhaps the most powerful argument for the existence of God" (Geisler, & Turek, 2004). Such “coincidence” make us humans feel humbled in front of the creation and design of God. With the decline natural environment caused by human beings, we should be reminded that we are only part of this world, not the master of this world. Therefore, it is important for us human beings to live harmoniously with nature instead of destroying nature arrogantly.
Second, God can be seen through Golden Section in the human body. According to Genesis 1:27, “God created man in his own image, in the image of God he created him male and female he created them”. Genesis allows us to see that not only the heavens and the earth are created by God, but humans are also created by God. In addition, humans are created in the image and style given by God. Genesis allows us to see that God created man in his own image and style when he created them. Why is this important? The answer is that if there is a similarity between man and God, then we should look at our own images and find characters of God. Man has God’s image means that human can have the features of holiness, goodness, justice, fairness, love, and faithfulness that God has given us. This is shows that although human and nature are both created by God, humans have more complicated nature granted by God.
The evidence of the golden section is found in many places in the human body. The heart is the engine of life, and the center of the heart is at the golden section of the chest. The navel is the point of the golden section of the entire human body. The position of the navel is equivalent to roughly 61.8% of the height. For the whole body, the navel is the dividing point between distance from the top of the head to the plantar, and for the part, the throat is the point which divide the distance between the head and the navel (Ili?, Stefanovi?, & Sadikovi?, 2018). In addition, the weight percentage of water in the human body is also 61.8% (Meisner, 2018). If the above-mentioned proportion of the human body meets the golden section law, it will appear coordinated and symmetrical. One of the main reasons why Venus with a broken arm has a timeless charm is that the proportion of the body structure fully complies with the golden section law.
The golden section in the human body shows the love and mercy of God for humans. God not only creates the bodies for human, but also makes it complicated. Jesus died for human, and human lived for his glory. God created man to live holy and comfortable lives. When the earth was created, it was perfect and there were no signs of sin or decay. It is only human who disobey the law of God, that brings them sin and suffering. But in the sufferings of sin, God’s love is revealed. Although the nature of the human world is sinful, God still showing mercy by bringing salvation to the people, and having his own son sacrifice for people’s salvation. Therefore, the golden section in the human body are also reminders of the goodness of people. When humans learn to reflect upon themselves and observe the goodness, they will also discover the love of God and find salvation from the sinful life.
Architecture is the third way to see God through golden section. According to Genesis 11:4, it says that "Then they said, ’Come, let us build ourselves a city, with a tower that reaches to the heavens, so that we may make a name for ourselves otherwise we will be scattered over the face of the whole earth.’” Apparently, the complexity human beings is not only for self-reflection. God created man in his own image, so the relationship between man and God is more than ordinary nature. Humans have more complicated tasks than just living in harmony with nature. Instead, humans assume the mission of the intermediary between God and nature. Because of the ability to learn and to change the world, people can perceive the existence of God by creating things on their own. In this process of creating or changing, humans will begin to understand the divinity of God through the things they create.
The golden section is in countless famous architecture of the world. The Parthenon in ancient Greece has a plane structure with a rectangle of 1: 1.618. The center is the hall and the main hall, surrounded by pillars. Its marble columns are 0.618 of the height of the entire temple (Meisner, 2018). The temple is magnificent and harmonious because its height, width, and column spacing all conform to gold section. The Taj Mahal in India, a masterpiece of Islamic architecture, is one of the seven major architectural wonders in the world. It consists of a palace, a bell tower, a minaret, and a pond. The entire cemetery is rectangular, it is known as the perfect building for its golden ratio (Meisner, 2018). The Eiffel Tower in Paris, France, is designed for French bridge engineer Eiffel. It is made of a staggered structure, 300 meters high, and made of more than 1,500 giant beams. It is also built according to the principle of golden section (Meisner, 2018). The examples show that the golden section is not something invented by humans. Instead, it is something natural for different cultures in the world.
On the surface, the reason why golden section is seen in so many architectures is because such designs are beautiful to look at. However, describing them as beautiful seems not enough to get the essence. When we look at all the cases together, we discover something more than beautiful: “although God is invisible, he delights in the material world and uses it to reveal himself and to reach out to us” (Diedrichs, 2019). The grand architectures are merely the clumsy attempt of human beings to replicate the sunflower seeds patterns, the creation of God. According to Pseudo-Dionysius, “the Super-Essential Beautiful is called “beauty” because of that quality which It imparts to all things severally according to their nature” (Areopagita, 1920). The eternal beauty people find in the golden section is not only because of the intentions of the architects, but also because God let the architects build the structure by connect with him, and at the same time to make them eternal beauty. Similarly, when the viewers are looking at the architecture, they are able to perceive the eternal beauty because they are channeling God at the same time to truly appreciate the golden section.
The golden section is a familiar mathematical relationship to many people, but its meaning is not so simple. The golden section has a very broad meaning in nature and society. Its presence in plants reveal the interconnectedness of all things and the need for humans to remain humble. Its presence in the human body reminds us the love of God for the humans. Its presence in architecture shows the attempt of human beings to follow the guidance of God and make the world more beautiful. Although there are several religions all over the world, Christianity is the only way to follow and glorify God’s honor. Father created everything on the Earth. From plants in the natural environment, to human beings, to the architecture of human beings, no matter what things are in the world, His control is always shown through the golden section. Science was made to discover Him and let the living conditions become better. So, God can be seen through golden section by plant, the human body, and architecture.
References
Areopagita, D. (1920). The Mystical Theology. The complete works. Retrieved from: http://www.hoye.de/theo/denistxt.pdf.
Diedrichs, D. R. (2019). Mathematics Reveals Patterns That Reflect the Orderly Character of God. Perspectives on Science & Christian Faith, 71(2).
Dolly. (2009, September 28). 1.618 Phi, The Golden Ratio, God Creator of Heaven and Earth [Video File]. Retrieved from: https://youtu.be/0hvD5kLqjuw.
Geisler, N. L., & Turek, F. (2004). I Don’t Have Enough Faith to Be an Atheist (Foreword by David Limbaugh). Crossway.
Ili?, I., Stefanovi?, M., & Sadikovi?, D. (2018). Mathematical determination in nature: The golden ratio. Acta Medica Medianae, 57(3), 124-129.
Meisner, G. B. (2018). The Golden Ratio: The Divine Beauty of Mathematics. New York, NY: Race Point Publishing.
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