#Elk Falls Provincial Park

[acmenvs3000w23]

Unit 09: Sense-Making of Nature Interpretation

“Fire is the devils only friend” is one of the lines in Don McLean’s song American Pie. First off, I love this song. Secondly, I think that line is partially wrong. Fire is the devil’s favourite friend. His other friend being humans. Humans do the work for the devil. By this I am referring to the fire suppression paradox. The fire suppression paradox is explained in the following:

The fire suppression paradox can be a good thing if it is used properly. For example, we supress fires that are in national and provincial parks for the safety of its visitors. Another example is supressing fires around farmland. Farmers cannot risk the loss of their crops. They need the crops to have an income and survive. However, with the fire suppression paradox in mind will this result in a build-up of uncontrolled fires that will have a larger affect in the future then letting fires take their natural course. On the other hand, many people also think that we should never interfere with fires. What are your thoughts on the use of fire suppression? When should we use it? When not?   

Furthermore, the fire suppression paradox depends on forest type. It was found that fine fuels (twigs, branches, needles, grasses) determine the intensity of the flaming front. However, fine fuels only increase in abundance every 25 years. The problem is that levels of fine fuels in stands versus downed stands were very similar. Meaning as forest age they are not becoming more flammable. Instead, forests are maintained by fire. Forests that have an open canopy allows for more seeds and species to germinate and survive on the forest floor. This results in more grazing which creates more surface fuels leading to surface fires. While closed canopy forests that have little understory vegetation and more prone to creating latter fuels which allows for fires to climb trees. However, this can vary depending on the different age canopy classes. As a result of this the fire suppression can only be used in open forests. Would other forest types differ?

The use of fire is more ancient than one may have thought. Aboriginal cultures in western Washington have used fire for more than one thing. First off, they used fires to creates the perfect foraging lands for elk and deer (Norton, 1979). However, more interestingly is that they used fire to create starch and fibre (Norton, 1979). Most starches and fibres cannot survive fires. However, Bracken is a fern that dies back in the fall and when fire does occur the root system is not harmed by fire (Norton, 1979). The root systems can then be used as a flour substitute in cakes and breads (Norton, 1979). It was a major part of aboriginal cultures in western Washingtons dietary needs. Aboriginal cultures learned how to both create fires and supress them when needed. If we can control fires, I believe that we can still use the fire suppression paradox, but we need to still consider forest type and duration of the fires to prevent the build-up of fuels. What are your thoughts?

Aaron

Norton, H. H. (1979). Evidence for Bracken Fern as a food for Aboriginal peoples of Western Washington. Economic Botany, 33(4), 384–396. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02858334

[frank-et-steph-au-bc]

Jour 2: De Nanaimo à Campbell River.

Nous sommes partis ce matin dans l'incertitude côté température et finalement ça s'est avéré une magnifique journée ensoleillée.

Quelques arrêts en cours de route, dont Union Bay et 40Knots Vineyard à Courtenay.

En après-midi, décourverte du Elk Falls provincial Park à Campbell River, sa chute et son pont suspendu.

Vue du patio de notre Airbnb à Campbell River. Derrière la lisière des arbres, on aperçoit les sommets enneigés des montagnes de la région de Whistler sur le continent.

[wolfnowl]

Blue-eyed Darner

#photo #photography #Campbell River #BC #Elk Falls Provincial Park #dragonfly #blue darner #Vancouver Island

[southpacifictravel]

This massive Douglas fir stands in Elk Falls Provincial Park near Campbell River, British Columbia, Canada.

#Douglas fir #Elk Falls Provincial Park #Campbell River #British Columbia #canada

[benrogerswpg]

Elk Falls Provincial Park, Vancouver Island, BC via Ben Rogers

#Elk Falls Provincial Park #Vancouver Island #BC

[mysticstorys-blog]

December 7, 2017 ... Part 2

#Elk Falls Provincial Park #Nature #Foggy #Sunny #Beauty #Bridge #Waterfall #Fence #Hike

[thatsnakeman]

Elk Falls Provincial Park, British Columbia CA [OC] [2048 x 1536] via /r/EarthPorn https://ift.tt/34N33Di

#IFTTT #reddit

[daydreamingdilemma]

Elk Falls Provincial Park, Campbell River BC, Canada.

Almost slipped and died getting here, packed snow is not the greatest to walk on, but hey it was worth it.

#Elk Falls #Provincial Park #Campbell River #British Columbia #Canada #waterfall #swingbridge

[me-lapislazuli]

Elk Falls Provincial Park, Vancouver Island, BC

#Pinterest #Landscape ☆

[allthecanadianpolitics]

Seclusion rooms will be banned in schools across the province before the start of the next school year.

Education Minister David Eggen signed a ministerial order Friday morning forbidding schools from using isolation rooms, but providing the opportunity for school districts to apply for an exemption.

“Schools must be a safe and caring environment for all students to learn, especially the most vulnerable,” Eggen said during the announcement.

Seclusion rooms have been used in some schools to isolate students who present a risk to others. These can include small, locked enclosures and Eggen said there needs to be a more “progressive way.”

[...]

The ban stems from months-long discussions about these rooms since last September when a Sherwood Park family came forward alleging their 12-year-old son with autism was locked naked in an isolation room for at least 45 minutes and he became covered in feces.

Parents Marcy Oakes and Warren Henschel took the provincial government, Elk Island Public Schools and school staff to court.

Continue Reading.

#Alberta #Alberta NDP #cdnpoli #canada #canadian politics #canadian news #canadian #unsanitary tw

[blog-adventure-canada]

E L K F A L L S

Sur le chemin du retour pour aller reprendre le ferry à Victoria nous nous sommes arrêtés dans le parc national de Elk Falls Provincial Park.

Nous avons pu admirer sa magnifique cascade grâce au pont suspendu qui a été construit en 2015.

[wolfnowl]

Campbell River Sunset

#photo #photography #Campbell River #Elk Falls Provincial Park #BC #river #sunset #water #Vancouver Island

[southpacifictravel]

In 2015 the 60-meter Elk Falls Suspension Bridge was constructed over the Campbell River in Elk Falls Provincial Park near Campbell River, British Columbia, Canada.

#Elk Falls Suspension Bridge #Campbell River #Elk Falls Provincial Park #British Columbia #Canada

[inhasa]

calibreus - •Elk Falls Provincial Park

#waterfall #landscape #nature #water

[mysticstorys-blog]

December 7, 2017 ... Part 1

#Elk Falls Provincial Park #Waterfall #Nature #Beauty #Hike #Fog #Bridge

[myloverarlo]

Spending time with dogs is just so good. (Reba!) (at Elk Falls Provincial Park) https://www.instagram.com/p/CN3nBqKMmux/?igshid=3z7m9lkjzvaq