๐ฟ๐๐จ๐๐ง๐๐ฅ๐ฉ๐๐ค๐ฃ:
Mount Everest is ๐๐ฎ๐ฟ๐๐ต'๐ ๐ต๐ถ๐ด๐ต๐ฒ๐๐ ๐บ๐ผ๐๐ป๐๐ฎ๐ถ๐ป above sea level, located in the Mahalangur Himal sub-range of the Himalayas. The ChinaโNepal border runs across its summit point. Its elevation of ๐ด,๐ด๐ฐ๐ด.๐ด๐ฒ ๐บ was most recently established in 2020 by the Chinese and Nepali authorities.
The ๐๐๐บ๐บ๐ถ๐ of Mount Everest, the ๐ต๐ถ๐ด๐ต๐ฒ๐๐ ๐ฝ๐ผ๐ถ๐ป๐ on Earth, was a ๐๐ฒ๐ฎ ๐ณ๐น๐ผ๐ผ๐ฟ once. ๐๐๐ป'๐ ๐๐ผ๐ป๐ฑ๐ฒ๐ฟ๐ณ๐๐น?. The highest rock on Earth, marking the summit of Mount Everest, are ๐ข๐ฟ๐ฑ๐ผ๐๐ถ๐ฐ๐ถ๐ฎ๐ป ๐๐ถ๐บ๐ฒ๐๐๐ผ๐ป๐ฒ๐, deposited in a warm, shallow water sea some ๐ฐ๐ฑ๐ฌ ๐ ๐ฎ ๐ฎ๐ด๐ผ.
These rocks deposited in an ๐ฎ๐ป๐ฐ๐ถ๐ฒ๐ป๐ ๐ง๐ฒ๐๐ต๐๐ฎ๐ป ๐ข๐ฐ๐ฒ๐ฎ๐ป were thrust and ๐๐ฝ๐น๐ถ๐ณ๐๐ฒ๐ฑ into their present commanding position when ๐๐ป๐ฑ๐ถ๐ฎ๐ป ๐ฝ๐น๐ฎ๐๐ฒ ๐ฐ๐ผ๐น๐น๐ถ๐ฑ๐ฒ๐ฑ with the ๐๐๐ถ๐ฎ๐ป ๐ฐ๐ผ๐ป๐๐ถ๐ป๐ฒ๐ป๐ some ๐ฑ๐ฑ ๐บ๐ถ๐น๐น๐ถ๐ผ๐ป ๐๐ฒ๐ฎ๐ฟ๐ ๐ฎ๐ด๐ผ.
๐ค๐: ๐ค๐ผ๐บ๐ผ๐น๐ฎ๐ป๐ด๐บ๐ฎ ๐๐ผ๐ฟ๐บ๐ฎ๐๐ถ๐ผ๐ป (๐๐๐ฒ๐ฟ๐ฒ๐๐ ๐น๐ถ๐บ๐ฒ๐๐๐ผ๐ป๐ฒ๐):
It is the un-metamorphosed layer of limestone here called โQFโ for ๐ค๐ผ๐บ๐ผ๐น๐ฎ๐ป๐ด๐บ๐ฎ ๐๐ผ๐ฟ๐บ๐ฎ๐๐ถ๐ผ๐ป, which forms the ๐๐๐บ๐บ๐ถ๐ of Everest. It is separated from the underlying Yellow Band layer by a low angle detachment fault.
๐ฌ๐:๐ฌ๐ฒ๐น๐น๐ผ๐ ๐๐ฎ๐ป๐ฑ:
This is the layered bedding. It is a limestone, formed from a shallow marine sediment, heated to become a ๐บ๐ฎ๐ฟ๐ฏ๐น๐ฒ.
๐๐ฆ: ๐๐๐ฒ๐ฟ๐ฒ๐๐ ๐ฆ๐ฒ๐ฟ๐ถ๐ฒ๐:
It consists of ๐๐ฒ๐ฑ๐ถ๐บ๐ฒ๐ป๐๐ฎ๐ฟ๐ rock which has been metamorphosed at reasonably high temperatures. It is separated from the underlying layer by a low angle almost horizontal fault.
๐ฅ๐: ๐ฅ๐๐ป๐ด๐ฏ๐ผ๐ธ ๐ณ๐ผ๐ฟ๐บ๐ฎ๐๐ถ๐ผ๐ป:
The Rungbok Formation consists of โLGโ Leuco- granite and gneiss.RF is a gneiss: rock partly melted and metamorphosed under high temperatures.
๐๐ค๐จ๐จ๐๐ก๐จ:
These rocks still contain the fossils of marine animals such as ๐๐ฟ๐ฎ๐ฐ๐ต๐ถ๐ผ๐ฝ๐ผ๐ฑ๐, ๐๐ผ๐ป๐ผ๐ฑ๐ผ๐ป๐๐ and ๐๐ฟ๐ถ๐ป๐ผ๐ถ๐ฑ๐ that occupied tropical habitats during one of the most ๐ถ๐บ๐ฝ๐ผ๐ฟ๐๐ฎ๐ป๐ ๐ถ๐ป๐๐ฒ๐ฟ๐๐ฎ๐น๐๐น๐ in ๐๐ฎ๐ฟ๐๐ต'๐ history, the ๐๐ฟ๐ฒ๐ฎ๐ ๐ข๐ฟ๐ฑ๐ผ๐๐ถ๐ฐ๐ถ๐ฎ๐ป ๐๐ถ๐ผ๐ฑ๐ถ๐๐ฒ๐ฟ๐๐ถ๐ณ๐ถ๐ฐ๐ฎ๐๐ถ๐ผ๐ป ๐๐๐ฒ๐ป๐ (๐๐ข๐๐).
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I didn't realize how bad middle school was until I think back and consider the amount of breakdowns (specifically shower breakdowns) I had back then. I'm doing great rn.
Meghalaya's Mawmluh Cave, one of the longest and deepest caves in India, makes it to the list of UNESCO's First 100 IUGS Geological Sites! Read details here.
Laila reached out to me to help share her fundraiser. She is a 22-year-old Palestinian architecture student urgently raising money to evacuate Gaza and continue her education in Cairo. She has only raised โฌ2,489 out of her โฌ35,000 goal so far! Please donate, and if you canโt donate, please share!
From Lailaโs GFM:
My name is Laila Auda. Iโm writing to you while my heart is heavy, my tears are pouring down out of fear and despair. My only shimmer of hope to achieve my dream of being an Architect relies on you.
Iโm 22-year-old dreamer and 178 days genocide survivor. Iโve endured unimaginable hardships including four major aggressions and countless military escalations. Iโm still reluctant to believe that Iโm reliving the 177th day of the fifth war in my prime years. Not only have these wars destroyed my dreams, but they have also deepened my trauma and depression.
In 2018, I was granted the opportunity of a lifetime through the ACCESS Micro scholarship Program funded by the US Department of State for 2 years English learning.
In 2020 I graduated from Arafat for gifted high school with honor degree 94.4%. And I was granted to a scholarship for 2 years in EL-UNRWA College pursuing my dream of being an Architect. In addition of finishing 3 external courses of software's used in architecture beside the college. Iโve put immense amount of pressure on my back to fulfill my dreams in my early twenties, having a message of being an inspiring soul of success. I was already in my small circle as three of my siblings want to be architects too! They see how I stay up all night making study models.
Now Iโm a third-year architecture student completing my bachelor's degree in the Islamic University of Gaza (IUG). The dream of completing my bachelor's degree in my homeland became almost impossible after the IOF bombed all the buildings of my university and amidst the terrifying conditions we endure daily being stripped of every human right imaginable.
Iโm sure youโre aware of the situation we have been living. My words are laconic, but my pain is profound and my mental health has been irreversibly damaged due the state of war. Switching from a person whoโs addicted to learning to a person who is thinking of how can I escape death. My dream is completing my bachelor's degree in Cairo university, come back to my homeland and be an active architect in the rebuilding programs.
My target is to raise 35000โฌ, which will be allocated as follows:
(1500$) university registration fees.
( 5000$ ) education fees per year (*4 years > 20000$) as Iโll lose 1 one more year with the courses equivalence due to the difference between the plans.
for life expenses as student for 4 years. ( 10000$ )
Add to that 2.9% GoFundMe would take and the fees on money transfer the bank would take.
The overall sum amount is approximately 35000โฌ considering the bank my cousin- who's launching this campaign- is engaged which operates in Belgian currency.
Your support could mean the difference between dreams realized and dreams shattered. Together we can make a difference. Together we can ensure that the voices of those trapped in conflict zones are heard, and their dreams are not forgotten.
I love studying and I dream of a life where I can breathe giving. I want to help people to rebuild their homes thinking with them of every detail. I want to see peopleโs happiness by creating spaces that lies warmth within their souls..
Iโm truly grateful for your time, consideration, and support. Your generosity will make a lasting impact in my life, illuminate the path toward a brighter and more hopeful chapter.
Every contribution, no matter the size it will be a step forward achieving my dream
If you would like to confirm the validity of this campaign, you can message Laila on X
2013: From looking at Google Maps, the signage has not been updated in the last 10 years changing the stated duration of the unconformity of 55 million years to a more likely value (according to IUGS) of approx 75 million years? Siccar Point is one of the top 100 Geoheritage sites in the world.
One of theย last tweetsย from Islamic University of Gaza:
It was sent at 6:55 AM on October 7 Gaza time - only 25 minutes after the initial rocket barrage and way before any Israeli response which beganย around 8:30ย AM.
It could be because they anticipated a response that would target the university. But this announcement was particularly fast and early in the morning.
It's almost as if they knew ahead of time....or wanted their students to take part in the massacre.
The IUG has been a hotbed of terrorism for a long time. One of its founders was also a founder of Hamas, Sheikh Ahmed Yassin.ย ย In 2006, Jameela El Shanty, a professor there, said that "Hamas built this institution. The university presents the philosophy of Hamas. If you want to know what Hamas is, you can know it from the university."ย
Kidnapped Israeli soldier Gilad Shalit was held in captivity at the university for months.
Israel struck it early in the war because of its use as a Hamas stronghold.
๐จIsrael blows up the Medical Faculty of the IUG to the south of Gaza city.
This was NOT an airstrike, but explosives that soldiers planted in person there; meaning the buildings constituted ZERO security risk!
Israel has detained & killed several doctors since Oct 7 (1/2)
โ Muhammad Shehada (@muhammadshehad2) December 8, 2023
2\ Israeli soldiers were posing for pictures with a giant menorah they had put outside that very same building they bombed (as a sign of conquest).
This shows beyond any doubt that the building did NOT constitute any danger at the time of its destruction.
โ Muhammad Shehada (@muhammadshehad2) December 8, 2023
The main campus of Islamic University of Gaza has already been destroyed by Israeli airstrikes on Oct. 11
Omar Al Tabatiby, a 28-year-old known for his kind-hearted generosity, enjoyed riding buggies as one of his hobbies. He married Tasnim in 2020, and they have a 2.5-year-old child.
After graduating from IUG in 2018, Omar held multiple roles, including being an Outreach Officer at PICTI Incubator, a Marketing Officer at Jawwal, and the Social Media Manager at @numeroenglish and Smarteletec.
His family had high expectations for Omar due to his strong work ethic and ambition. He never missed an opportunity to enhance his skills and advance in his career.
Omar's journey with Al Fakhoora (Dynamic Futures) began as a student and evolved into a leadership role within one of the largest community NGO institutions, "PICTI."
In the days leading up to the war, Omar was preparing with team members for PINA programs focused on entrepreneurs, businessmen, and project owners to enhance entrepreneurial projects.
Despite facing obstacles, Omar maintained a consistently optimistic outlook, stating, "Despite all the obstacles we face in our lives, we will succeed and invest in our knowledge, and we will be more enthusiastic."
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Probably my most niche ME headcanon is that after the discovery of eezo and its lightning-fast adoption into human technology, the IUGS quickly voted to finally adopt the Anthropocene epoch with the widespread presence of eezo in soil horizons recognized as the benchmark.
When Iย started teaching at IUG, Iย met young students, most of whom had never been outside Gaza. This isolation became even worse when Israel tightened its siege in 2006. Many of them could not go to the West Bank for family visits, or to Jerusalem for aย simple religious ritual, or to the United States or the United Kingdom for research and visits. Books, along with thousands of other commodities, were not normally allowed into Gaza. The consequences of putting this young generation in the dark, the world must know, has far worse ramifications than we would everย expect.
Teaching Shakespeareโs The Merchant of Venice was tricky. To many of my students, Shylock was beyond repair. Even Shylockโs daughter hated him! However, with open-mindedness, Iย worked very closely with my students to overcome prejudices when analyzing literaryย texts.
Shylock evolved from aย simplistic idea of aย Jew who wanted aย pound of flesh just to satisfy some cannibalistic primitive desires of revenge into aย totally different human being. Shylock was just like us Palestinians. Shylock had to endure many religious and spiritual walls erected by an apartheid-like society. Shylock was in aย position where he had to choose between living as aย subhuman, and resisting oppression by the means available to him. He chose to resist, just like Palestinians doย nowadays.
Shylockโs โโHath not aย Jew eyes?โ speech was no longer aย pathetic attempt to justify murder, but rather an internalization of long years of pain and injustices. Iย was not at all surprised when one of my students altered theย speech:
Hath not aย Palestinian eyes? Hath not aย Palestinian hands, organs, dimensions, senses, affections, passions; fed with the same food, hurt with the same weapons, subject to the same diseases, healโd by the same means, warmโd and coolโd by the same winter and summer as aย Christian or aย Jew is? If you prick us, do we not bleed? If you tickle us, do we not laugh? If you poison us, do we not die? And if you wrong us, shall we notย revenge?
Why would Israel bomb aย university? Some say Israel attacked IUG just to punish its 20,000 students or to push Palestinians to despair. While that is true, to me, IUGโs only danger to the Israeli occupation and its apartheid regime is that it is the most important place in Gaza to develop studentsโ minds as indestructible weapons. Knowledge is Israelโs worst enemy. Awareness is Israelโs most hated and feared foe. Thatโs why Israel bombs aย universityโโโit wants to kill openness and the determination to refuse living under injustice andย racism.
But again, why does Israel bomb aย school? Or aย hospital? Or aย mosque? Or aย 20-story building? Could it be, as Shylock put it, โโa merryย sportโ?