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transformativeworksandcultures · 1 month

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TWC 42: Fandom and Platforms [Special Issue]

Editorial

Maria K. Alberto, Effie Sapuridis, and Lesley Willard; Putting forward platforms in fan studies

Article

David Kocik, PS Berge, Camille Butera, Celeste Oon, and Michael Senters; "Imagine a place:" Power and intimacy in fandoms on Discord

Kimberly Kennedy; "It's not your tumblr": Commentary-style tagging practices in fandom communities

Axel-Nathaniel Rose; #web-weaving: Parallel posts, commonplace books, and networked technologies of the self on Tumblr

Sam Binnie; Using the Murdoch Mysteries fandom to examine the types of content fans share online

Gamze Kelle; How Covid-19 has affected fan-performer relationships within visual kei

Rhea Vichot; The expression of sehnsucht in the Japanese city pop revival fandom through visual media on Reddit and YouTube

Welmoed Fenna Wagenaar; Discord as a fandom platform: Locating a new playground

Sourojit Ghosh and Cecilia Aragon; Leveraging community support and platform affordances on a path to more active participation: A study of online fan fiction communities

Paul Ocone; Fandom and the ethics of world-making: Building spaces for belonging on BobaBoard

Amber Moore; Analyzing an archive of allyish distributed mentorship in "Speak" fan fiction comments and reviews

Jionghao Liu and Ling Yang; Censorship on Japanese anime imported into mainland China

Lin Zhang; Boys’ love in the Chinese platformization of cultural production

Matt Griffin and Greg Loring-Albright; Platforming the past: Nostalgia, video games, and A Hat in Time

Irissa Cisternino; Players, production and power: Labor and identity in live streaming video games

Symposium

Yvonne Gonzales and Celeste Oon; Public versus private aca-fan identities and platforms: An academic dialogue

Dawn Walls-Thumma; The fading of the elves: Techno-volunteerism and the disappearance of Tolkien fan fiction archives

Martyna Szczepaniak; The differences between author’s notes on FanFiction.net and AO3

Muxin Zhang; Fandom image-making and the fan gaze in transnational K-pop fan cam culture

Sabrina Mittermeier; "One day longer, one day stronger": Online platforms, fan support and the 2023 WGA and SAG-AFTRA strikes

Book review

Sebastian F. K. Svegaard reviews "Vidding: A history" by Francesca Coppa

Laurel P. Rogers reviews "Fandom, the next generation," edited by Bridget Kies and Megan Connor

Axel-Nathaniel Rose reviews "Mediatized fan play: Moods, modes and dark play in networked communities," by Line Nybro Petersen

Multimedia

Naomi Jacobs, Katherine Crighton, and Shivhan Szabo; Building the spear: A demonstration in faking and remaking real feelings for an imaginary work

Rachel Loewen; "Darkness never prevails": Doctor Who Covid-19 videos as keystones for pandemic engagement

#twc #otw #fandom #fan studies #academia #fandom studies #academic journals

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fandomsilhouette · 4 years

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Hypermediation in ML Media

Foundation:

The Lizzie Bennet Diaries are a modernization of Pride and Prejudice as well as the first major use of a multi-media platform for storytelling. The characters had tumblrs and twitters and instagrams on which they interacted with the audience as the characters.

The Lizzie Bennet Diaries also brought to light and popularized the efficacy of performing meta analysis of the text within the source material itself, especially through the form of hypermediation in which media is linked closely through indirect sources (for example, the way that Lydia's video diaries explain the tension in Jane's instagram posts).

Performative and metatextual media can function on multiple levels simultaneously, with the storyline casting light on itself and the canon text, but also the metatextual decisions made in the writer's room, or the impact of the media in society at large.

Miraculous Ladybug has character instagrams, and many of the staff have twitters that they use to publicly discuss the series and its contents and details. Astruc is, himself, a character in the show.

There has been a movement with the popularization of social media that servers to deteriorate the wall between author and consumer. This has brought back to light the idea of God's Word vs Death of the Author, and has blurred the lines between canon source material and externally derived content that is not valid by the premise of the text itself.

Analysis:

Miraculous Ladybug can no longer be consumed in its entirety simply by watching the traditional source content (i.e. the show). Character development and filler occurs in snapshots across multiple instagram posts and comments. Plot holes and details are explained and expounded on in staff-written twitter threads. Furthermore, other writers and animators are engaging in this very publicly performed tug of war on the character storylines. For example, Chloe's redemption has been publicly fought over. This is all performed for the viewer to see, and it informs their reading of her character, but also the reading of the artists, but they know they're performing it.

Taken in the current atmosphere and revolutionary changes in storytelling, this creates an environment where the readings of the story and the staff are creating metatextual commentary on each other and behaving performatively, which requires audience participation with multiple levels and medias of storytelling whether it was intentional or not.

Conclusion:

Miraculous Ladybug is performance art.

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imanew931 · 3 years

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Age of Empires 4 is the strategy game that mix the wonderful clicks of this War-Craft with the technical modernization of this civilization, combining them in a real-time strategy video game bigger, more intense and smarter than most of its competitors. Age of Empires IV has been developed at the studios of Relic Entertainment.

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Variety

Age of Empires IV certainly has some sort situations, landscapes, characters, cultures, creatures and modalities. In more diverse and bigger maps, the visual effects would be certainly enriched by having a range of units. Scenarios, inhabited by buildings and characters of various shapes, have certainly benefited from the graphic enhancement. More elements that act on screen — waves in motion, more energy, furrowed by a wide range of ships plains adorned by areas and chunks, flocks of animals moving, waiting to be slaughtered for supplies.

Conclusion

Age of Empires IV on PC is a strategy game that belongs to the strategy saga that is famed. You will be able to get involved in conflicts with armies owning their particular traits. Empires will rise, history will be made — this is actually the motto of the epic game. Playing with this strategy game will provide you the experience it has been giving since years by the time of its sequels. Each time it provides the impression that you are fighting to your empire.

PC Requirements

OS: Windows 7 SP1 with Platform Update. Processor: AMD FX-4350, 4.2 GHz / Intel Core i5- 2300, 2.80 GHz. Memory: 6 GB RAM. Graphics: AMD HD 7870, 2 GB – Nvidia GTX 660 2 GB. DirectX: Version 11. Storage: 40 GB available space. Sound Card: Any. Internet Connection: Any.

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When talking about strategy games Age of Empires II has to be one of the most played of all time. It was first released in 1997 and it has been growing ever since. There are over ten different titles, but all of them have something in common: you are in command of a civilization and you are responsible for making it thrive and conquer. The storylines are based on history and cover almost 10,000 years starting from the Stone Age.

The second installment of this game (The Age of Empires II: The Age of Kings) comes with new maps and other added features. You can choose between playing on your own (against the computer) or be joining in a multiplayer experience that will let you test your skills as a leader of any of the civilizations included in the game, 13 in total. This version covers a historic period that goes from the fall of the Roman Empire up to the Middle Ages.

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Years after the release of the original one an HD version was created just for Steam. This means that it includes new features like the possibility of adding content created by you or others from the Steam Workshop.

Of course, this is not a newly released game and as such you might find its graphics and some features a bit dated, but if you can dismiss that you’ll surely spend quite a few hours discovering and enjoying its possibilities. Also, a piece of good news in that respect, Microsoft just announced it will release renewed versions of Age of Empires II and III. This will surely bring back some of the old fans eager to get a firsthand view and find out if they have indeed improved on the classic games.

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Don’t rely solely on combat and confrontation; you can also use diplomacy to help your civilization advance.

Use trade as an economy boosting alternative. Engage in commercial exchanges that work to your advantage.

Each civilization has distinctive architecture and technology. Find out what sets them apart and learn the particulars of each one, like their different forms of combat.

It includes maps of the real world.

Great multiplayer experience.

Advanced Features

Be one with history, choose one of the campaigns that are based on historical characters and walk in the shoes of the likes of Genghis Khan or William Wallace.

There are many ways to play and win the game; there is even a pacifist option. You don’t have to exterminate anyone to win; you just need to complete a wonder before everyone else does.

The HD version of the game includes options that are Steam specific like access to features from the workshop or matchmaking.

System Requirements

For the PC version of the game you’re required to have the following:

Windows XP or later.

At least 1GB of available RAM.

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2GB of available hard disk space for the install.

A processor with speed 1.2 GHz or higher.

Pricing

As with almost everything else in life, the price depends on the vendor. The PC version of Age of Empire II: The Age of Kings sells for USD 24.99. You can also get the gold edition of the game (also for PC) for USD 33.99.

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Pros

It’s a great real-time strategy game. You will find yourself learning the particulars of every civilization to use it in your favor.

There isn’t just one way to play or win it, you can find different alternatives depending on the civilization you’re playing with and the style of play that you choose.

With the release of the HD version, which was released for Steam, you can take advantage of some features as matchmaking.

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When you compare it to more recently released games, you’ll find that the graphics look really dated.

Verdict

As it happens with games that have been around for so long and that have such a massive fan base, this is one of the cult games around. A leader on its category and also among games in general, this might not be the most recent version (Age of Empires III was also released) but you can still find people developing modes for this one. The fact that the mere announcement that a “remastered” version would be released raises so much interest should give you an idea of how popular this game really is.

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Granted, it doesn’t have the best graphics around, especially considering how far we’ve come in that respect in recent years. Also, there have been complaints about bugs in the first releases, but if you can get passed all of that you will find that this is a very enjoyable and entertaining game that will provide hours of fun while wiping out entire civilizations on the way.

An appealing feature that was included in this release was being able to take on the persona of a historic character. Wouldn’t you like to lead your troops as William Wallace? That is just one of the options that you get. Also in this version the more diplomatic pacifist gameplay; you can win by using your engineering abilities and finishing a wonder before everyone else instead of just vanishing them from the face of the Earth. You can even use your trading capabilities to win games, so it’s not only about pure military power; there are different nuances that will make every playing session different from the one before.

As we mentioned above, a new version of this game is on the works. This is the kind of things that happen when you have a product that even years after its original release maintains its following. Now you have a choice, if you have never played before, you can either get started with the original version or wait for the new one and find out what Microsoft will do to give this beloved game a refreshed look. This move will sure make it current again and we will have Age of Empires II for years to come.

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techiesense11 · 6 years

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An Introduction to Usenet

Usenet has been around for quite a long time, yet it doesn’t have nearly as large of a following as Torrents. While Torrents are a great resource, so many people have never even heard of Usenet! However, you may wish you had once you discover its many benefits. Usenet is very user-friendly and is also a great medium for all types of file sharing and uploading.

What Is Usenet?

Usenet is one of the biggest file sharing networks out there today. Usenet grew rapidly in popularity because its content was never really regulated, and that remains true to this day. Usenet contains billions of files (with more and more being uploaded each day) that are categorized into different newsgroups. The most popular of these are the <a href=”http://ift.tt/2ku2Ays binaries</a>, but we’ll get more in to this later.

Usenet works well because there is not a singular company or provider that runs it. Instead, Usenet is a network that is distributed across many clusters of servers that are present all over the world. Usenet has been undergoing significant growth for over 20 years, and the unregulated upload freedom that it provides is what contributes to its continued growth. This can be both a blessing and a curse for users because with all of the upload freedom that is available, there is quite a bit of spam to try to avoid. Despite the occasional spam, however, the platform is secure and much more so than more familiar platforms like Torrents.

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Just like many other file sharing platforms, you need some kind of software to access Usenet. After installing the proper software, like Newsbin or SABnzbd, downloading from Usenet is a breeze.

Usenet is:

Safe

Secure

Continuously growing

A Brief History of Usenet

The User’s Network, now known as Usenet, was developed almost 40 years ago and was primarily a discussion forum where people communicated through text. These text messages were uploaded into the proper subject category. It functions the same today, though the discussion topics have changed drastically over the years.

Usenet was one of the very first platforms used for file sharing. Usenet began as a message distribution network that was created before the World Wide Web was even around. It was a bulletin board service used for text messaging, but it was unique compared to other bulletin board services at the time. Although you couldn’t post or upload files back then, Usenet was able to be accessed via the Internet, which set it apart from the competing services where you would have to call in for access.

As Usenet grew, so did its possibilities. After it became possible to post files online, Usenet’s growth has soared, and it is now one of the biggest and safest platforms available for file sharing.

The alt.* Hierarchy

When the censorship of Usenet newsgroups became an issue and even certain freedoms of speech were not being allowed in the major newsgroups, two men named John Gilmore and Brian Reid created the alt.* hierarchy. This is an influential class of newsgroups that are not subject to the centralized control of typical newsgroups. This hierarchy was created after Usenet revamped itself, and the “backbone carriers” unintentionally upset many users by changing how newsgroups were organized.

The “alt” prefix itself was suggested because it implies that it is an “alternative” option to the typical (more mainstream) newsgroups, such as news, rec, soc, and talk. An ongoing joke about the prefix is that it is an acronym standing for “Anarchists, Lunatics, and Terrorists.” However, this is not the case. The alt.* network thrived because it was free of the backbone carriers’ influences and users could decide to create or decide not to create a new newsgroup all on its own.

The alt.* hierarchy is now a refuge for a huge variety of categories and subgroups that couldn’t find a home anywhere else. For example, the alt.fan newsgroups are forums primarily made for fans to discuss the professional work and personal lives of different famous people. Many musicians, actors and athletes have their own alt.fan forums. Alt.* forums tend to have more focused discussion instead of the more general discussions in other newsgroups.

One of the major parts of the alt.* hierarchy is the alt.binaries.* hierarchy. Alt binaries were often rejected from the mainstream newsgroups because alt binaries are known to have large file sizes. The alt binaries hierarchy is basically newsgroups devoted to files. The alt.* hierarchy is now the most popular in all of Usenet, so it is definitely worth checking out.

Here are some types of alt.binaries newsgroups:

Fine art

Music

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Multimedia

Adult content

Each individual internet service provider will have its own policies and regulations on what newsgroups it makes available to users.

Easy to Use

Usenet is organized into many different newsgroups, which is how all of the files are categorized. Each new uploaded file is tagged, or assigned, to the newsgroup that it belongs to. To access Usenet, you need to install specific software (similarly to how you might use a web browser to view a web page) and have a provider for access. Some of the access providers include:

UsenetServer

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These providers are not free, but they do a lot of work for their clients that makes them more than worth it. For example, the behind the scenes download process is rather complicated. Because Usenet utilizes binary file uploads, the file limit for each upload is relatively low. These low file limits don’t accommodate larger files, like movies or software, so these types of content are divided into smaller pieces to make up a content puzzle that needs to be put back together after they have been downloaded. However, your software should gather all these pieces and put them all back together automatically for you. Although the users themselves don’t usually see this action, it will happen on almost every download.

Usenet vs Torrents

Some users may be familiar with how some Torrents show up as a ton of .RAR files that need to be assembled back together once they have been downloaded. This is due to the fact that the file content originally came from Usenet, in all of its low-file-limit glory.

Every Usenet software provider does cost money, which is a huge discouraging factor for potential users possibly choosing between Usenet and Torrents. However, the benefits of Usenet tend to surpass the risks involved with downloading from Torrents (including the increasing number of DMCA notices being distributed to Torrent users).

With over 27 terabytes of content being uploaded to Usenet newsgroups each day, it has accumulated a huge amount of pure content that is available to users. Usenet is home to every file type in every category imaginable. In many categories, the amount of content available rivals and even surpasses what their Torrent counterparts have to offer.

A downside to using Usenet is that most of the software options necessary for access are not particularly mobile friendly, meaning smartphones cannot access Usenet well or all of its possibilities. Some providers offer an interface that is web-based in order to make Usenet accessible from smartphones, but this interface won’t contain every newsgroup from Usenet. Web-based interfaces will only have the largest newsgroups and alt binaries.

Usenet contains very little (if any) exposure risk for its users, especially if they use SSL for encryption. Users can be assured of anonymity and that their uploads will not be watched and monitored, unless they are uploading thousands of copyrighted books or some other type of material that would understandably upset the rightful owner.

Benefits of Sharing Files through Usenet

Usenet has many advantages, including its speed and security. When a user downloads something through their provider, they are getting it directly from an internet backbone network—this means that the data travels much more efficiently. Usenet’s security comes from the guaranteed anonymity of its users. For example, if somebody was spying on your connection, they would never be able to view the content within the user’s downloads. The only thing they would be able to see is that the user was connected to a Usenet server and a certain volume of data was downloaded.

Usenet is much more secure compared to Torrents, which runs a relatively high risk of copyright infringement and exposure when used. Torrent users need a VPN to encrypt their data traffic (in order to mask their IP address) so that any person who may be spying on their connection does not see the user’s personal IP address.

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Today, Usenet gets millions of new files uploaded every day. The ease, speed, and security it offers makes it an extremely valuable file sharing network option. Honestly, the speed of which you can download through Usenet is worth mentioning again and again. When you download files from Usenet, you are downloading them straight from the server—this means that new content will be moving much faster than say recently uploaded torrents. Typically, it can even max out multi-gigabit Internet connections, if you are so lucky to have one.

Usenet is one of the first places that popular downloads appear, and it will almost always use your maximum available bandwidth. Once you use something this fast, the slower speeds of other file sharing networks become noticeable, making you want to make the switch for good.

Let us know your thoughts in the comments below!

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