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The fundamental aim of socialism should therefore be the abandonment of the commodity form of labor power

The fundamental aim of socialism should therefore be the abandonment of the commodity form of labor power. Once the direct producers are restored as the subject, rather than the object, of production, the increase in productive power could be adjusted to the number of workers, rather than the converse. This change would certainly make it possible to increase the living standards of the working class and abolish the misallocation of labor power which exists under capitalism. However, all such changes and readjustments must be regarded as a corollary of the abolition of the commodity labor power as the final, and highest, form of the alienation of exploited workers to be found in class societies. Socialism must be “an association of free individuals” (/Capital/, I: 171), not a society controlled and governed by state bureaucrats.

[M. Itoh, Value and Crisis]

#Makoto Itoh #socialism #labour power #association of free individuals #abandonment of the commodity form of labor power

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Η αγία οικογένεια (Άννα Β.)

Η αγία οικογένεια

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#Alexandra Kollontai #family #τεκνοθεσία #Αλεξάνδρα Κολλοντάι #οικογένεια #ομόφυλα

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#Karl Marx #surplus value #capitalism #MECW #vitality #surplus labour

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Marx on surplus value (Οικονομικά Χειρόγραφα του 1857-58 [MECW, vol. 28, pp. 248-51])

Για την κατανόηση του καπιταλισμού απο τον Μαρξ σου στέλνω ένα απόσπασμα (στα αγγλικά και ελληνικά)^* από τα Οικονομικά Χειρόγραφα του 1857-58 (πρώτη εκδοχή του Κεφαλαίου) του Μαρξ που βρίσκεται στο MECW, vol. 28. Στο απόσπασμα αυτό ο Μαρξ παρουσιάζει την υπεραξία. Γύρω απο την υπεραξία–δηλαδή τον ορισμό της και την καταγωγή της–μπορούν να εκτεθούν οι διάφορες οικονομικές θεωρίες^** για τον…

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#capitalism #equivalent #forced labour #Karl Marx #labour capacity #labourer #objectified labour #origin #surplus labour #surplus value #unequal exchange #value of labour #vitality #worker

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Ανάρτηση πανό αλληλεγγύης στους 5 Κούρδους πολιτικούς πρόσφυγες-απεργούς πείνας στο ΠΡΟΚΕΚΑ Ξάνθης και στον πολιτικό κρατούμενο Αμπντουλάχ Οτσαλάν | Rise Up 4 Rojava

Ανάρτηση πανό αλληλεγγύης στους 5 Κούρδους πολιτικούς πρόσφυγες-απεργούς πείνας στο ΠΡΟΚΕΚΑ Ξάνθης και στον πολιτικό κρατούμενο Αμπντουλάχ Οτσαλάν | Rise Up 4 Rojava

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#Αμπντουλάχ Οτσαλάν #Rise Up 4 Rojava #Rojava

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Χρήσιμη εργασία/αφηρημένη εργασία (Useful labour/abstract labour)

[Derek Sayer (1979), Marx’s Method: Ideology Science and Critique in Capital, pp. 17-24] Marx’s Method: Ideology, Science and Critique in Capital | Derek Sayer – Academia.edu [17] (γ) Χρήσιμη εργασία/αφηρημένη εργασία Αυτή η τρίτη διάκριση είναι κατά την εκτίμηση του ίδιου του Μαρξ «ο άξονας στονοποίο μιασαφής κατανόηση της Πολιτικής Οικονομίας στρέφεται» (ibid. 41, cf 1867f,1868d).^9 Ακριβώς…

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#abstract labour #commodity #commodity production #concrete labour #exchange #exchange value #Karl Marx #physiologically equal labour #private labour #social division of labour #social labour #use value #useful labour #value

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(via Marx's value)

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Marx's value

Roman Rozdolsky – The Making of Marx’s ‘Capital’. [RR-TMMC, 533-35] Ο Μαρξ ρωτά πώς μπορούμε να προσδιορίσουμε την εργασία ως ουσία της αξίας εάν, στην πραγματικότητα, κάθε συγκεκριμένη εργασία εξυπηρετεί διαφορετικό στόχο καιεκτελείται από διαφορετικά άτομα διαφορετικών ικανοτήτων, δεξιοτήτων κ.λπ.; Πωςμπορεί η άπειρη ποικιλία των διαφορετικών ειδών επαγγελματικών καιατομικών εργασιών να…

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#abstract labour #average #average undifferentiated labour #concrete labour #exchange #Karl Marx #labour #labour as the substance of value #physiological #Roman Rosdolsky #RR-TMMC #simple expenditure of labour-power #socially necessary labour #value

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Reading Marx's Capital (profit vs. surplus value)

Marx's Capital TOC (https://rotenotes.neocities.org/) Reading Marx’s Capital | social and political theory

[translate in english and expand on "η υπεραξία και το κερδος δεν απλα οικονομικο-φιλοσοφικες εννοιες' εχουν και μαθηματικη σχεση μεταξυ τους…. κερδος = υπεραξία / μεταβλητο κεφαλαιο(μισθοι που αγοραζουν δημιουργουσα αξια αρα και υπεραξια ζωντανη εργατικη ικανοτητα ή δυναμη) και σταθερο κεφαλαιο (αντικειμενοποιημενη/νεκρη εργασια)" ChatGPT

The term "η υπεραξία και το κέρδος δεν απλά είναι οικονομικο-φιλοσοφικές έννοιες" translates to "surplus value and profit are not just economic-philosophical concepts."

The statement goes on to establish a mathematical relationship between these concepts: "κέρδος = υπεραξία / μεταβλητό κεφάλαιο (μισθοί που αγοράζουν δημιουργούν δημιουργική αξία, άρα και υπεραξία, ζωντανή εργατική ικανότητα ή δύναμη) και σταθερό κεφάλαιο (αντικειμενοποιημένη/νεκρή εργασία)."

In English, this can be expanded as follows:

"The concepts of surplus value and profit extend beyond mere economic and philosophical notions. They can be understood through a mathematical relationship: profit equals surplus value divided by variable capital (wages that purchase productive labor, hence generating surplus value from living labor power or capability), and constant capital (objectified/dead labor)."

This statement highlights the interconnectedness of economic and philosophical ideas with mathematical formulations, emphasizing the intricate relationship between labor, value creation, and profitability. It underscores the importance of recognizing the mathematical underpinnings of economic concepts for a more comprehensive understanding of their implications.]

[translate in english and write an essay in english for "στον 1ο τομο του Κεφαλαιου αντικειμενο ειναι η παραγωγη υπεραξιας . στο 2ο τομο ειναι η πραγματοποίση της υπεραξίας στην κυκλοφορια (των εμπορευματων). στον 3ο τομο ειναι η κατανομη της υπεραξίας: σε (βιομηχανικο/εμπορικο) κερδος, σε τοκο (επι καποιου κεφαλαιου: παραγωγικου (profit of enterprise) η/και χρηματικου: interest), σε γαιοπροσοδο (rent) ….πριν απο αυτο βρισκεται η μετατροπη της υπεραξίας σε κερδος και των αξιων σε τιμες παραγωγης (prices of production): μεσω αυτης της μετατροπης κρυβεται η εκμεταλλευτικη σχεση, γιατι ετσι το κερδος φαινεται να προκύπτει τοσο απο το μεταβλητο οσο και απο το σταθερο κεφαλαιο, κατι που παιρνει την πιο μυστικοποιμενη μορφη της υπεραξίας στον τοκο (interest: Χ-Χ' με Χ'>Χ) (οπου η διαμεσολαβηση απο την παραγωγικη εργασια [Εργατικη δύναμη/Μεσα παραγωγης / Εμπορευματων] στη διαδικασια αξιοποιησης του κεφαλαιου εχει χαθει)" ChatGPT

Title: Marx's Analysis of Surplus Value and Capital Circulation

In the first volume of "Capital," Karl Marx delves into the fundamental concept of surplus value production. He meticulously dissects the process through which capital accumulates, revealing the intricate dynamics underlying capitalist economies. Moving forward to the second volume, Marx shifts his focus towards the realization of surplus value within the sphere of circulation, predominantly within the realm of commodities.

The third volume marks a crucial juncture in Marx's exploration, as it centers on the distribution of surplus value. This distribution occurs across various channels, including industrial and commercial profits, interest on capital (both productive, categorized as profit of enterprise, and monetary, recognized as interest), and land rent. These distinct avenues elucidate the multifaceted nature of surplus value's dispersion within the capitalist system.

Preceding this comprehensive analysis is the transformation of surplus value into profit and the conversion of values into production prices. Concealed within this transformation lies the exploitative relationship inherent in capitalist production. This transformation is pivotal in understanding the obscured form of surplus value, particularly in relation to interest.

Interest, represented as (Χ-Χ' with Χ'>Χ), encapsulates a critical aspect of this process. It signifies a departure from the direct involvement of productive labor (Labor Power / Means of Production / Commodities) in the capital utilization process. This shift highlights the evolution from a labor-centric production model to a more financially driven system.

Marx's exposition on these intricate stages provides a profound insight into the inner workings of capitalist economies. The transformation of surplus value into profit, and subsequently into interest, exemplifies the nuanced dynamics of exploitation within this economic framework. By unraveling these layers, Marx sheds light on the mechanisms that perpetuate the accumulation of capital and the perpetuation of class-based disparities.

In conclusion, Marx's trilogy of "Capital" offers a comprehensive framework for understanding the generation, realization, and distribution of surplus value within capitalist economies. The conversion of surplus value into profit and production prices unveils the veiled dimensions of exploitation, with interest serving as a critical intermediary. Through this meticulous analysis, Marx provides invaluable insights into the functioning of capitalist systems, contributing significantly to economic and philosophical discourse.]

#profit #surplus value #variable capital #constant capital #labour capacity #labour power #value-creating living labour #living labour #dead labour #objectified labour #karl marx

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“In a future society, in which class antagonism will have ceased, in which there will no longer be any classes, use will no longer be determined by the minimum time of production; but the time of social production devoted to different articles will be determined by the degree of their social utility.” ― Karl Marx, The Poverty of Philosophy

#Karl Marx #use value #exchange value #minimum time of production #social utility #communism #The Poverty of Philosophy #classless

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Capitalism requires a ready supply of commodified human labour. It achieves this with blood and fire, first forcing a separation between labourers and the land.

#marxism #capitalism #labour power #commodified human labour #separation of labourers from the means of production #separation of labourers from land

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“We are communists. But our communism is not that of the authoritarian school: it is anarchist communism, communism without government, free communism. It is a synthesis of the two chief aims pursued by humanity since the dawn of its history–economic freedom and political freedom.”

— Peter Kropotkin, Anarchist Communism (via anarchistcommunism)

#Peter Kropotkin #anarchism #communism #politics #economic freedom #political freedom #anarchist communism #without government #free communism

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Degrowth basics

"The word degrowth stands for a family of political-economic approaches that, in the face of today’s accelerating planetary ecological crisis, reject unlimited, exponential economic growth as the definition of human progress."

What is Degrowth? | Caracol DSA

Why degrowth is the only responsible way forward | OpenDemocracy

Degrowth and MMT: A thought experiment

We Need A Fair Way To End Infinite Growth | Current Affairs

Degrowth: A Call for Radical Abundance | Common Dreams

Can degrowth save us and the planet? | Nottingham Trent

Defending limits is not Malthusian | Undisciplined Environments

Can We Have Prosperity Without Growth? | New Yorker

The Urgent Case for Shrinking the Economy | The New Republic

Giving Up on Economic Growth Could Make Us Cooler and Happier | The New Republic

A guide to degrowth: The movement prioritizing wellbeing in a bid to avoid climate cataclysm | CNBC

What is ‘degrowth’ and how can it fight climate change? | Popular Science

Enough for Everyone | Yes! Magazine

Toward a Post-Capitalist Future: On the Growth of “Degrowth” | Lit Hub

All we are saying is give degrowth a chance | The RSA

A pathway out of environmental collapse | newsroom

On Technology and Degrowth | Monthly Review

What is degrowth (and more importantly, what is it not)? | META

Green growth

"There is no empirical evidence that absolute decoupling from resource use can be achieved on a global scale against a background of continued economic growth."

Is Green Growth Possible? | Jason Hickel & Giorgos Kallis

The Myth of America’s Green Growth | Foreign Policy

The decoupling delusion: rethinking growth and sustainability | The Conversation

Is green growth happening? | Uneven Earth

Green Growth | Uneven Earth

The Delusion of Infinite Economic Growth | Scientific American

Degrowth is not austerity – it is actually just the opposite | Al Jazeera

A response to Paul Krugman: Growth is not as green as you might think | Timothée Parrique

Deceitful Decoupling: Misconceptions of a Persistent Myth | Alevgul H. Sorman

Degrowth isn’t the same as a recession – it’s an alternative to growing the economy forever | The Conversation

Degrowth and the left

"In the middle of an ecological emergency, should we be producing sport utility vehicles and mansions? Should we be diverting energy to support the obscene consumption and accumulation of the ruling class?"

The Left should embrace degrowth | New Internationalist

Ecosocialism is the Horizon, Degrowth is the Way | The Trouble

Degrowth: Socialism without Growth | Brave New Europe

Toward an Ecosocialist Degrowth: From the Materially Inevitable to the Socially Desirable | Monthly Review

For an Ecosocialist Degrowth | Monthly Review

Degrowth and Revolutionary Organizing | Rosa Luxemburg NYC

The necessity of ecosocialist degrowth | Rupture

Degrowth is Anti-Capitalist | Protean Mag

Degrowth Communism | PPPR (Part one | Part two | Part three)

Economic Planning and Degrowth: How Socialism Survives the 21st Century | New Socialist

Degrowth and the South

"Southern countries should be free to organize their resources and labor around meeting human needs rather than around servicing Northern growth."

Who is afraid of degrowth? A Global South economic perspective | IBON Foundation

The anti-colonial politics of degrowth | Jason Hickel

Unlearning: From Degrowth to Decolonization | Rosa Luxemburg NYC

Degrowth requires the Global South to default on its foreign debts | Resilience

Journals/Reports

Degrowth: a theory of radical abundance | Jason Hickel

A systematic review of the evidence on decoupling of GDP, resource use and GHG emissions, part II: synthesizing the insights

What does degrowth mean? A few points of clarification | Jason Hickel

Providing decent living with minimum energy: A global scenario | Global Environmental Change

Urgent need for post-growth climate mitigation scenarios | Nature Energy

Degrowth and critical agrarian studies | Julien-François Gerber

Decoupling debunked – Evidence and arguments against green growth as a sole strategy for sustainability | European Environmental Bureau

Incrementum ad Absurdum: Global Growth, Inequality and Poverty Eradication in a Carbon-Constrained World | David Woodward

Degrowth can work — here’s how science can help | Nature

A New Political Economy for a Healthy Planet | Jason Hickel

Planning beyond growth. The case for economic democracy within limits

Millionaire spending incompatible with 1.5 °C ambitions | Cleaner Production Letters

Is green growth happening? An empirical analysis of achieved versus Paris-compliant CO2–GDP decoupling in high-income countries | The Lancet

Books

Exploring Degrowth: A Critical Guide | Pluto Press

A People's Green New Deal | Max Ajl

Less is More: How Degrowth Will Save the World | Jason Hickel

Breaking Things at Work: The Luddites Are Right About Why You Hate Your Job | Verso Books

The Future is Degrowth: A Guide to a World Beyond Capitalism | Verso Books

The Imperial Mode of Living: Everyday Life and the Ecological Crisis of Capitalism | Verso Books

Marx in the Anthropocene: Towards the Idea of Degrowth Communism | Kohei Saito

Degrowth & Strategy: how to bring about social-ecological transformation

27 Essays and Thoughts on Degrowth | Giorgos Kallis

Videos

Yes To Limits To Growth! | The Other School

How Degrowth Can Save the World | Andrewism

How We End Consumerism | Our Changing Climate

Demystifying Degrowth | Rosa Luxemburg NYC

Degrowth is not Austerity | John the Duncan

Degrowth and Ecosocialism | Planet: Critical

Degrowth in 7 minutes: Fighting for climate by living better | Think That Through

The Future is Degrowth (w/ Aaron Vansintjan) || SRSLY WRONG

"Degrowth means power to the working class!"with Jason Hickel | GND Media

Others

degrowth.info

Degrowth Journal

Doughnut Economics

#degrowth #green growth #postgrowth #ecosocialism

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