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Scan and connect with me
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USDJPY Next move
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#USDJPY next move....... H1 chart
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Here's your daily reminders!
Drink your water!
Take your meds!
Have something to eat!
Have a couple minutes to yourself to think and breathe!
Please look after yourself!
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When a flower doesn’t bloom, you fix the environment in which it grows, not the flower
Alexander Den Heijer
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It takes 20 years to build a reputation and five minutes to ruin it. If you think about that, you'll do things differently.
Warren Buffett
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#NZDUSD
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Google sheet translate
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It takes 20 years to build a reputation and five minutes to ruin it. If you think about that, you'll do things differently.
Buffett
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Grammer Solution ( Part 6 )
PROBLEM NO.- 18:
Causative HAVE
Remember that HAVE can be used as a causative, in a causative, a person does not perform an action directly.
HAVE has less force and authority than GET.
S HAVE someone verb word ext.
My English teacher had us give oral reports
S HAVE something participle ext.
I want to have this book renewed, please
Avoid using an infinitive or an –ing form instead of a verb word after a person in a causative with HAVE. Avoid using a verb word or an infinitive instead of a participle after a thing in a causative with HAVE.
* Causative verb “HAVE” + someone object + V1.
Causative verb “HAVE” + something object + V3.
# My father had me do the work.
# I have this book purchased.
EXAMPLE:
Incorrect : They had their lawyer to change their wills.
Correct : They had their lawyer change their wills.
Incorrect : Have you had your temperature taking yet ?
Correct : Have you had your temperature taken yet ?
PROBLEM NO.-19:
Causative LET
Remember that LET can be used as a causative, in a causative, a person does not perform an action directly. With LET, a person gives permission for another person to do it.
S LET someone verb word ext.
His mother let him go to school
S LET something verb word
I am letting this machine cool
Avoid using an infinitive or an –ing form instead of a verb word after a person or thing in a causative with LET.
* Causative Verb Let + someone object + V1.
Causative Verb Let + something object + V1.
# His mother let him go to school.
# I am letting machine cool.
EXAMPLE:
Incorrect : Professor Baker let us to write a paper instead of taking a final exam.
Correct : Professor Baker let us write a paper instead of taking a final exam.
Incorrect : Would you let us the borrow your notes?
Correct : Would you let us borrow your notes?
PROBLEM NO.- 20:
Causative HELP
Remember that HELP can be used as a causative, in a causative, a person does not perform an action directly. With HELP, a person assists another person to do it.
S HELP someone verb word
infinitive ext.
He is helping me type my paper
He is helping me to type my paper
Avoid using an an –ing form instead of a verb word or an infinitive after a person in a causative with HELP.
* Causative Verb HELP + someone object + V1.
Causative Verb HELP + someone object + to + V1.
# We help the students bring out the procession.
EXAMPLE:
Incorrect : Her husband always helps her that she does the laundry.
Correct : Her husband always helps her do the laundry.
Or,
Her husband always helps her to do the laundry.
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Grammer Solution ( Part 5 )
PROBLEM NO.- 14:
Preference for another-would rather that.
Remember That when the preference is for another peson or thing, would rather that introduces a clause. The other person or thing is the subject of the clause.
Although the verb is past tense, the preference is for present or future time.
S would rather that S V (past)
I would rather that you drove
Avoid using a present verb or a verb word instead of a past verb. Avoid using should and a verb word instead of a past verb.
S would rather that S didn’t verb word
I would rather that you didn’t drive
Avoid using don’t or dose not instead of didn’t.
* Would rather + that + subject + Main verb past tense.
# I would rather that you drove.
# I would rather that you didn’t drive the car.
EXAMPLE:
Incorrect : Daine would rather that her husband dose not working so hard.
Correct : Daine would rather that her husband didn’t work so hard.
PROBLEM NO.-15:
Negative Imperatives
remember that an imperative is expressed by a verb word.
Please don’t verb word ext.
please don’t tell anyone
Avoid using an infinitive instead of a verb word.
Would you please not verb word ext.
Would you please not tell anyone
Avoid using an infinitive instead of a verb word. Avoid using don’t after would you please.
* Negative Imperatives.
# Please + don’t + V1 +extension > Please don’t disturb me.
# After Would you please + Not + V1
* would you please not tell any one.
EXAMPLE:
Incorrect : would you please don’t smoke.
Correct : please don’t smoke.
Or,
would you please not smoke.
REVIEW EXERCISE: PROBLEM 1-15
Part A : choose the correct answer.
1. After her famous husband’s death, Eleanor Roosevelt continued----------- for peace.
(A) working (B) work (C) the working (D) to working
2. The palo verde tree ----------- in spring.
(A) has beautiful yellow blossoms
(B) beautiful yellow blossoms
(C) having beautiful yellow blossoms
(D) with beautiful yellow blossoms
3. The great apes, a generally peaceful species, -------- in groups.
(A) would rather living
(B) would rather live
(C) would rather they live
(D) would rather lived
Part B: choose the incorrect word or phrase and correct it.
4. Insurance rates are not the same for different people (A)because (B)they are not likely
(C)have the (D) same risk.
5. Many people with spinal cord (A)injuries can, with the (B)help of computer implants,
recovering some of (D)their mobility.
6. (A)Although thousands of grizzly bears (B)used to roaming the Western Plains of the United
States, today (C)only a few thousand (D)exist.
7. Secretariat (A)run the Kentucky Derby in 1.59 minutes, (B)setting a record that
(C)has remained unbroken (D)since 1973.
PROBLEM WITH CAUSATIVE
Causative are main verbs that cause people or machines to do things or cause things to change. They are listed below in order of the most forceful to the least forceful.
* Make
* Get
* Have
* Let
* Help
PROBLEM NO.- 16:
Causative MAKE
Remember that MAKE can be used as a causative, in a causative, a person does not perform an action directly. The person causes it to happen by forcing another person to do it.
S MAKE someone verb word ext.
His mother made him take his medicine
S MAKE something verb word
I made the machine work
Avoid using an infinitive or an –ing form instead of a verb word after a person or thing in a causative with MAKE.
* Causative Verb “MAKE” + Object (someone/something) + main verb simple present form.
# Salim made me do the work.
# I made the machine work. > Causative Verb.
PROBLEM NO.-17:
Causative GET
Remember that GET can be used as a causative, in a causative, a person does not perform an action directly.
GET has less force and authority than MAKE.
S GET someone infinitive ext.
Let’s get Ralph to go with us
S GET something participle ext.
Let’s get our car fixed first
Avoid using a verb word instead of an infinitive after a person in causative with GET.
Avoid using a verb word instead of a participle after things in a causative with GET.
* After Causative Verb “Get” + someone object + infinitive / something object + V3.
# I get John to call on a doctor.
# We got the car washed.
EXAMPLE:
Incorrect : Do you think that we can get Karen takes us to San Diego?
Correct : Do you think that we can get Karen to take us to San Diego?
Incorrect : I want to get the house paint before winter.
Correct : I want to get the house painted before winter.
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Grammer Solution ( part 4 )
PROBLEM NO.-09:
Logical Conclusions- Event that Repeat.
Remember that must is a modal. Must followed by verb word expresses a logical conclusion based on evidence. The conclusion is about an event that is happens repeatedly.
S must be verb word repeated time
My friend must be call often
Avoid using an infinitive or –ing form instead of a verb word after must.
* After must Main verb V1.
# My friend must call often.
EXAMPLE:
Incorrect : The light is always out in her room at ten o’clock ; she must have go to bed early every night.
Correct : The light is always out in her room at ten o’clock; she must go to bed early every night.
PROBLEM NO.-10:
Knowledge and Ability-Know and know how
Remember that know followed by a noun expresses knowledge.
S KNOW NOUN
I know the answer
Avoid using an infinitive after know.
Remember that know how followed by an infinitive expresses ability.
S KNOW HOW INFINITIVE ext.
I know how to answer the question
PROBLEM NO.-11:
Past custom-used to and BF used to
Remember that used to is similar to a modal. Used to with a verb word means that a custom in the past has not continued.
S used to verb word ext.
He used to live in the country
Avoid using a form of be after the subject. Avoid using the incorrect form use to.
Remember that BE used to with an –ing form means to be accustomed to.
S BE used to -ing form ext.
He was used to living in the country
Avoid using a form of be after used to. Avoid using a verb word instead of an –ing form. Avoid using the incorrect form use to.
EXAMPLE:
Incorrect : I used to was studying at the University of southern California before I transferred here.
Correct : I used to was study at the University of southern California before I transferred here.
Or,
I was used to was study at the University of southern California before I transferred here.
PROBLEM NO.-12:
Advisability-Had Better
Remember that had better is similar to a modal to a modal. Although had appears to be a past, had better expresses advice for the future.
S had better verb word EXT.
You had better take Chemistry 600 this semester
S had better not verb word ext.
You had better not take Chemistry 600 this semester
Avoid using an infinitive or a past form of a verb instead of a verb word. Avoid using don’t instead of not.
* After Had better, would better, had rather, would rather V1 and Doing Negative Main Immediate before not.
# We had better do the work. (+)
# We had better do the work. (-) I would rather not adrive the car.
EXAMPLE:
Incorrect : You had better to hurry if you don’t want to miss the bus.
Correct : You had better hurry if you don’t want to miss the bus.
Incorrect : You had better don’t go alone.
Correct : You had better not go alone.
PROBLEM NO.-13:
Preference- Would Rather
Remember that the phrase would rather is similar to a modal to a modal. Although would rather appears to be a past, it expresses preference in present and future time.
S would rather verb word
I would rather drive
S would rather not verb word
I would rather not drive
Avoid using an infinitive or an –ing form instead of a verb word.
* After Had better, would better, had rather, would rather V1 and Doing Negative Main Immediate before not.
# We had better do the work. (+)
# We had better do the work. (-) I would rather not drive the car.
EXAMPLE:
Incorrect : Greg would rather has a Pepsi than a beer.
Correct : Greg would rather have a Pepsi than a beer.
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Grammer Solution (Part 3)
PROBLEMS WITH TENSE:
PROBLEM NO.-05:
Irregular past forms
Remember that past form of the following irregular verbs are not the same as the participles:
Verb word past form participle
be was/ware been
beat beat beaten
become become become
begin began begun
bite bit bitten
blow blew blown
break broke broken
choose chose chosen
come came come
do did done
draw drew drawn
drink drank drunk
drive drove driven eat ate eaten
S V (past ) M
The concert began at eight o’clock
Avoid using a participle instead of a past for simple past statements.
EXAMPLE:
1) Jamil income shrunk slouchy.
2) My son tore the important page of visual dictionary?
PROBLEMS WITH MODALS AND MODAL-RELATED PATTERNS
Modals are auxiliary verbs. They are used with main verbs t give additional meaning to main verbs. The common modals are listen below, along with some of the additional meanings that they add to main verbs.
Can possibility ability, permission
could possibility, ability in the past
may probability, permission
might probability
Must necessity, logical, conclusion
shall future with emphasis
should advice, oblation, prediction
will future
would condition
PROBLEM NO.-06
Modal + Verb word
Remember that a modal is used with a verb word. A verb word is the dictionary form of the verb. In some grammar books, the verb word is called the bare infinitive because it appears without the word to. Verb word are very important in many patterns, but they are used most often with modals.
S modal verb word ext.
They might visit us
Tip : Avoid using an infinitive or an _ing form instead of a verb after a modal
Rule: Modal verb + Have ar por + V3
EXAMPLE:
* My friend must have galled last month.
* Our friends might stop to see us on their way to California.
PROBLEM NO.-07
Logical Conclusions-Event in the Past
Remember that must is a modal. Must followed by the verb word have and a participle expresses a logical conclusion based on evidence. The conclusion is about an event that happened in the past.
Remember that an observation in the present may serve as the basis for a conclusion about something that happened in the past. For example, “here is a message on my desk.” It may be concluded that “my friend must have called last night.”
S must have participle past time
My friend must have called last night
Tip : Avoid using should or can instead of must. Avoid using a verb word instead of have and a participle when referring to events in the past.
EXAMPLE:
Incorrect : The streets are wet; it should have rained last night.
Correct : The streets are wet; it must have raind last night
Incorrect : This pen won’t write; it can have run out of ink (in the past)
Correct : This pen won’t write; it must have run out of ink (in the past)
PROBLEM NO.- 08 :
Logical conclusion-Event in the present
Remember that must is a modal. Must followed by and an-ing form or an adjective expresses a logical conclusion bashed on evidence. The conclusion is about an event that is happening now
S must be -ing present tense
My friend must be calling now
S must be adjective present time
He must be upset now
Avoid using a verb word instead of an –ing form after must be.
* Must be + (V+ing) ; if stay middle of sentence Now and subject someone.
# My friend must be calling now
* (V+ing) na hoa Noun / adjective hote pare.
# He must be upset now.
EXAMPLE:
Incorrect : The line is busy ; someone should be using the telephone now.
Correct : The line is busy ; someone must be using the telephone now.
Incorrect : Bob is absent ; he must have been sick again (now).
Correct : Bob is absent ; he must be sick again (now).
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Grammer Solution Part 2
PROBLEM NO.-02
Verbs that Require an Infinitive in the Complement
Remember that the following verbs require an infinitive for a verb in the complement.
Agree, Appear, Arrange, Ask, Claim, Consent, Decide, Demand, Deserve, Expect, Fail, Forget, Hesitate, Hope, Intend. Learn, Manage, Mean, Need, Offer, Plan, Prepare, Pretend, Promise, Refuse, Seem, Tend, Threaten, Wait, Want
S V C(infinitive) M
We Had planned to leave day before yesterday
Tip: Avoid using an –ing form after the verbs listed avoid using a verb word after want
*Agree,Decide,Demand,Hesitate,Hope,Intend,Learn,Manage,Mean,Deserve,Expect,Fail,Forget,Appear,Arrange,Ask,Claim,Need,Offer,Plan,Prepare,Pretend,Promise,Consent,Refuse,Seem,Tend,Threaten,Wait,Want Verb guler por Complement heshabe Infinitive (to+verb) boshe
EXAMPLES:
* Whetson had planned to live the country.
* We wanted to speak with Mr. Brown.
PROBLEM NO.-03
Verbs that Require an –ing form in the complement
Remember that the flowing verbs require an –ing form for a verb in the complement.
Admit
Appreciate
Avoid
Finish
Keep
Mention
Miss
Postpone
Complete
Consider
Delay
Practice
Quit
Recall
Recommend
Regret
Deny
Discuss
Enjoy
Risk
Stop
Suggest
Tolerate
Understand
S V C (-ing) M
He enjoys traveling by plane
Tip: Avoid using an infinitive after the verbs listen.
Forbid may be used with either an infinitive or –ing complement, but forbid from is not idiomatic
This color verb gulir por complement heshabe Verb ar ing hobe (V+ing)
EXAMPLE
* He enjoys travelling by plane/ Aircraft.
* She is considering not going.
PROBLEM NO.-04
Verb Phrases that require an –ing form in the complement
Remember that the following verb phrases require an –ing form for a verb in the complement.
approve of
be better off
can’t help get
count on
adjunct to
do not mind
forget about/confess to
don’t get through
insist on
capable of/desire of
keep on
look forward to
object to with a view to
think about
think of accustomed to
S V (Ph) C (-ing ) M
She forget about canceling her appointment
Box listed verb phrase gulor por complement heshabe (V+ing) hobe.
EXAMPLE:
* She forgot about canceling her appointment.
* It is likely to rain tomorrow. (after likely to V1)
* Azad is likely to come tomorrow. (after likely to V1)
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Grammer Solution
PATTERNS
Patterns are the parts of a sentence. In some books, Patterns are called structures. In patterns, the words have the same order most of the time.
Some of the most important patterns are summarized in this review section. Remember, the generalization in the charts and explanations for each pattern refer to the structure in the examples. There may be similar structures for whice these generalizations are not appropriate.
A verb is a word or phrase that expresses existence, action, or experience.
There are ntwo kimds of verbs in English. They are the main verb and auxiliary verb. In some grammar books, the auxiliary verb is called a helping verb because it is used with a main verb.
Every verb in English cane be described by the flowing formula:
VERB = tense + (modal) + (have + participle) + (be +-ing) +verb word
Each of the parts of this formula will be summarized in one or more of the problems in this review. Don’t spend time studying it now. Just refer to it as you progress through this review section.
PROBLEMS WITH MAIN VERBS:
In English, a sentence must have a main verb. A sentence may or may not have an auxiliary verb.
PROBLEM NO.-01
missing main verb
Remember that every English sentence must have a subject and a main verb
S V ext.
The sound of the dryer Bother my concentration
Tip: Avoid using an – ing form, and infinitive, and auxiliary verb, or another part of speech instead of a main verb.
* Missing main verb ( when missing verb don't use ). Alternate main verb don't use -ing, infinitive, aux verb.
Ex. 1) The maintenance of air craft costs (M.V) more.
2) The second of generator makes (M.V) disturbance.
EXAMPLES
Incorrect: The pretties girl in our class with long brown hair brown eyes.
Correct : The pretties girl in our class has long brown hair and brown eyes.
Incorrect : In my opinion, too soon to make a decision.
Correct : In my opinion, it is too soon to make decision.
Incorrect : Do you know whether the movie that start at seven?
Correct : Do you know whether the movie that starts at seven is good?
Or, : Do you know whether the movie start at seven?
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