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MICHÈLE MOUTON - LA FEMME QUI DÉRANGE

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MARIE-THÉRÈSE FIGUEUR // SOLDIER

“She was a French soldier who fought in the French Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars. Unlike some female soldiers before the twentieth century, she did not disguise her gender when she enlisted, serving for twenty-two years under her own name in the French Revolutionary Army and the Grande Armée.”

#THIS WOMAN #female history #war history #french revolution #napoleonic wars

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Napoleon and Nicolas Appert: The invention of canned food

“Although he [Napoleon] continued so far as possible the Revolutionary practice of having armies live off the land, he also did his best to develop an efficient commissariat. A famous part of his supply system was canned food, particularly meat, for the army. Nicholas Appert had started the food-canning industry in 1804, building a factory that employed fifty people. His method prescribed putting the food in glass jars, which were next carefully stoppered, and then cooked in boiling water for lengths of time varying with the type of food. The navy first used the canned food, with great success even on extended cruises. In 1810 the Minister of the Interior awarded Appert 12,000 francs on condition he make his process public.”

— Robert B. Holtman, The Napoleonic Revolution

The inventor of canning, Appert, deposited samples of his invention to the imperial government in 1809, specifically to the Society for the Encouragement of National Industry [Société d'Encouragement pour l'Industrie Nationale].

He published his findings in 1810, titled: Le livre de tous les ménages ou l'art de conserver pendant plusieurs années toutes les substances animales et végétales [English tr: The Art of Preserving All Kinds of Animal and Vegetable Substances For Several Years]. It was “a work published by the order of the French Minister of the Interior, on the report of the Board of Arts and Manufactures”.

For his discovery, the government paid him 12,000 francs and gave him free lodgings and a workshop in the Hospice des Quinze-Vingts. Every prefecture in the French Empire was supplied with a copy of his book, and the prefects were assigned the responsibility of disseminating the information widely. Two more editions were created under the empire, and another in 1831.

His factories were ransacked and destroyed during the invasions of France in 1814 and again in 1815. He was able to rebuild and won several gold medals from the Society for the Encouragement of National Industry and eventually became a member of the Society.

Appert is quoted as saying “I sacrificed everything for humanity, all my life”.

Additional Sources:

English translation of Appert’s 1810 publication

Nicolas Appert inventeur et humaniste, Jean-Paul Barbier, 1994 (Fondation Napoléon)

Collection A. Carême: Le conservateur 1842 (archive.org)

Defining Culinary Authority: The Transformation of Cooking in France, 1650-1830 by Jennifer J. Davis

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Napoleon and Josephine

I love them, they are my favourite couple ever since I studied French history at middle school. I know that she probably didn't love him at the beginning of the marriage, they cheated on each other and broke up, but I also know that they remained good friends after the divorce, and I like to think that they might have cleared up and gotten back together, if an afterlife exists (I hope so). I know that I probably have strange ideas, because the majority of people doesn't ship real people or people dead for 200 years.

Sorry for this outburst, but I didn't know any other place to express myself, I was a bit afraid of other people's judgments😅

Ps. I think that "Summertime Sadness" by Lana Del Rey is good for them (or maybe "I wanna be yours" by Arctic Monkeys)

CREDITS: I found this beautiful drawing on Pinterst, published by "Cecilia", but this work was drawn by rivaldii

#napoleon bonaparte #josephine de beauharnais #napoleonic wars #napoleonic era #beautiful drawing #napoleon and josephine #OTP

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[Winx] come get your glitter girlies ✨

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Hi! I was wondering is there an actual source stating that calling Napoléon "Buonaparte" was meant as derogatory? I've read here (https://mrodenberg.com/2012/09/13/bonaparte-or-buonaparte/) that on Saint-Helena, the British addressed him as that to undermine his legitimacy as French ruler. Also, I know of another historical figure, Prieur de la Côte-d'Or, who not being very fond of him used the same appellation when talking about Napoleon

Hey! Yes, it was definitely used in a derogatory way to delegitimize Napoleon’s rule by denying his frenchness. Napoleon’s brother, Louis, commented on this in his A Reply to Sir Walter Scott’s History of Napoleon in 1829:

Another visible object is, that of desiring to make Napoleon pass as a foreigner in France. In fact, if such were not the intentions of the author, why this obstinacy in writing the family name of Napoleon, Buonaparte, instead of Bonaparte, consecrated as it is by long habit? Certainly the letter O is not more or less noble or French than the letter U, but it is done to impress a foreign character upon Napoleon, and divide his glory from that of France.

The Italian nation is sufficiently glorious for one to be proud of belonging to it, especially of deriving one’s origin from this beautiful country; but when one has been born under the laws of France, grown up on its soil, with no other knowledge of foreign countries, even of beautiful Italy, than that gained with the victorious legions of France, it is rather too ridiculous to receive from an English author the certificate of a foreigner.

The name Buonaparte was being used by the coalitions before the St. Helena years, especially by the British, so there are quite a lot of examples.

To be clear, Buonaparte was Napoleon’s birth name and the name he preferred to go by for over 20 years. He changed his name during the French Revolution during a wave of name changes across France to more revolutionary and patriotic names. That being said, Bonaparte is already listed as his name on his baptism certificate* in 1771 (“Neapoleone Bonaparte”) when he was nearly 2 years old, which is 3 years into French rule of Corsica. On the same document, his father’s name is spelled as Buonaparte.

It’s a little complicated. The spelling of names weren’t very standardized and were subject to a lot of variation. But the usage of the name Buonaparte was definitely intentional among Napoleon’s enemies. You can tell pretty easily when someone is saying it in a bad faith manner.

From the historian Andrew Roberts (Napoleon: A Life):

For decades thereafter, British and Bourbon propagandists re-inserted the ‘u’ in order to emphasize Napoleon’s foreignness, such as in François-René de Chateaubriand’s snappily titled 1814 pamphlet Of Buonaparte and the Bourbons and the Necessity of Rallying Round our Legitimate Princes for the Happiness of France and that of Europe, in which he wrote: ‘No hope was left of finding among Frenchmen a man bold enough to dare to wear the crown of Louis XVI. A foreigner offered himself, and was accepted’ (Chateaubriand, Of Buonaparte p. 5). Even after the British royal family changed the name of their dynasty from Saxe-Coburg-Gotha to Windsor in 1917, some British historians still ridiculed Napoleon for dropping the ‘u’ from his surname.

It becomes obvious when people change how they refer to Napoleon depending on their current stance or relationship with him. For example, when France and Russia were allies, Tsar Alexander I calls him Napoleon or even the Emperor Napoleon. But when the alliances change and Napoleon is removed from power, Alexander referred to him as Buonaparte.

From the historian Marie-Pierre Rey (Alexander I):

Alexander’s use of the Corsican family name of Buonaparte is interesting, implying that for Alexander Napoléon was no longer emperor of the French — and not even French by nationality!

So there were two purposes to calling him Buonaparte: to accentuate his commoner origins as well as his foreignness in order to delegitimize his authority as head of state.

Thanks for the interesting question!

————

* (The baptism document can be found on Archives de la Corse-du-Sud -> Etat Civil -> Ajaccio -> 1771 -> Baptemes -> 6 MI 4/21)

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Spread the tools all over the board!🤩

hot artists don't gatekeep

I've been resource gathering for YEARS so now I am going to share my dragons hoard

Floorplanner. Design and furnish a house for you to use for having a consistent background in your comic or anything! Free, you need an account, easy to use, and you can save multiple houses.

Comparing Heights. Input the heights of characters to see what the different is between them. Great for keeping consistency. Free.

Magma. Draw online with friends in real time. Great for practice or hanging out. Free, paid plan available, account preferred.

Smithsonian Open Access. Loads of free images. Free.

SketchDaily. Lots of pose references, massive library, is set on a timer so you can practice quick figure drawing. Free.

SculptGL. A sculpting tool which I am yet to master, but you should be able to make whatever 3d object you like with it. free.

Pexels. Free stock images. And the search engine is actually pretty good at pulling up what you want.

Figurosity. Great pose references, diverse body types, lots of "how to draw" videos directly on the site, the models are 3d and you can rotate the angle, but you can't make custom poses or edit body proportions. Free, account option, paid plans available.

Line of Action. More drawing references, this one also has a focus on expressions, hands/feet, animals, landscapes. Free.

Animal Photo. You pose a 3d skull model and select an animal species, and they give you a bunch of photo references for that animal at that angle. Super handy. Free.

Height Weight Chart. You ever see an OC listed as having a certain weight but then they look Wildly different than the number suggests? Well here's a site to avoid that! It shows real people at different weights and heights to give you a better idea of what these abstract numbers all look like. Free to use.

#art ref #art reference #art

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Fun fact about Barbie's Rapunzel

I'm a very big fan of the Rapunzel version Barbie made. Aside from the beautiful soundtrack and overal aesthetic, there's something i noticed maybe a few years ago??

While i don't know if this was intentional, when Rapunzel is painting different dresses on herself, the dresses represent different artistic movements!!

The first one she makes with the paintbrush is the top centre purple dress, which is heavily inspired by renaissance styled dresses from times of Michelangelo and stuff. It's obviously very fantastical but if i remember correctly the reaction of her peers to this dress is that it looks too old or maybe a little outdated, which makes sense because Renaissance art is very old and has that antique feel, not very modern, not very groundbreaking (although it was in a way)

After that she makes the one in the top right, the big, ruffly dress that is clearly repressenting the Baroque period in art, where the main feature of paintings was pastels, the main feature of clothes was excess and the main feature in architecture was, you guessed it! Horror vacui. This dress is considered by her animal peers to be too much, similar to how baroque architecture can be a little too much for the eye.

Finally, the final dress she makes before making her official ballgown is the one at the bottom left, very obviously inspired by avant garde art. Cubism comes to mind, although i would say the dress has a very post impresionism feel to it similar to Gaughin's style of painting. Of course her friends say the dress is a little too modern.

The critiques mixed with the dresses themselves really makes me think these small references weren't a coincidence but thought through, making a little reference to classical art because, well, she paints! She's literally PAINTING THE DRESSES HERSELF!!!

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I grieve not letting myself be inspired since my childhood by many things

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I only ever watched "The Neverending Story" among all those dark fantasy 80s movies as a child and it's unforgivable

#i should have watched labyrinth and let myself shaped by it #i even was a massive fae slash fairy lover

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#cozy #sleepy #cosycore #cozycore #nostalgiacore #90s #nostalgia #cartoon #winnie the pooh #cottagecore #hope everyone’s good <3 #it’s a nice little Easter #cus I’m in a cozy Winnie the Pooh vibe

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Love this article on Labyrinth

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I got the wonderful opportunity to see Labyrinth on the big screen last week (thank you Fathom Events) and I think this time around really helped me nail down one of the things that makes this movie so special to me: the ending message.

A story with a somewhat childish sixteen-year-old girl who immerses herself in magic and fantasy worlds who goes through a journey and a transformation and comes out the other side more mature could very easily have ended with the message of "Now that the adventure in the fantasy world is over, our heroine has grown and matured enough to leave magic and fantasy behind and become an Adult."

But Labyrinth doesn't do that.

Labyrinth says: "You might grow up a little. You might put away your costumes and your music box and your crown. You might give your teddy bear to your little brother. But that doesn't mean you have to leave it all behind. Every so often in your life, for no reason at all, you might need a little magic back in your life. And your friends in the fantasy world will always be there for you."

"Should you need them."

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watched some old historical costume films

Daniel Mesguich as Napoleon Bonaparte (Josephine ou la comedie des ambitions)

#Lovely illustration of young Napoleon Bonaparte

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Forgot I had these sketches

Imagine your favourite historical figure putting their forehead gently against their lovers

#napoleon and josephine #with very messy hair #napoleon #napoleon bonaparte #napoleonic era #josephine #my art

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